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Ghosh S, Garden F, Luu KB, Nguyen NV, Nguyen PTB, Nguyen TA, Nguyen HB, Marks G. Population attributable fraction for smoking and diabetes in TB. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2024; 28:204-206. [PMID: 38563335 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.23.0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Ghosh
- South West Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - F Garden
- South West Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW
| | - K B Luu
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - N V Nguyen
- National Lung Hospital, Hanoi, National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Hanoi, Vietnam, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - P T B Nguyen
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - T-A Nguyen
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia;, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - H B Nguyen
- National Lung Hospital, Hanoi, National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - G Marks
- South West Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Thomas D, McDonald VM, Stevens S, Harvey ES, Baraket M, Bardin P, Bowden JJ, Bowler S, Chien J, Chung LP, Gillman A, Hew M, Hodge S, James A, Jenkins C, Katelaris CH, Katsoulotos GP, Langton D, Lee J, Marks G, Peters M, Radhakrishna N, Reynolds PN, Rimmer J, Sivakumaran P, Upham JW, Wark P, Yang IA, Gibson PG. Biologics (mepolizumab and omalizumab) induced remission in severe asthma patients. Allergy 2024; 79:384-392. [PMID: 37632144 DOI: 10.1111/all.15867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma remission has emerged as a potential treatment goal. This study evaluated the effectiveness of two biologics (mepolizumab/omalizumab) in achieving asthma remission. METHODS This observational study included 453 severe asthma patients (41% male; mean age ± SD 55.7 ± 14.7 years) from two real-world drug registries: the Australian Mepolizumab Registry and the Australian Xolair Registry. The composite outcome clinical remission was defined as zero exacerbations and zero oral corticosteroids during the previous 6 months assessed at 12 months and 5-item Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ-5) ≤1 at 12 months. We also assessed clinical remission plus optimization (post-bronchodilator FEV1 ≥80%) or stabilization (post-bronchodilator FEV1 not greater than 5% decline from baseline) of lung function at 12 months. Sensitivity analyses explored various cut-offs of ACQ-5/FEV1 scores. The predictors of clinical remission were identified. RESULTS 29.3% (73/249) of AMR and 22.8% (37/162) of AXR cohort met the criteria for clinical remission. When lung function criteria were added, the remission rates were reduced to 25.2% and 19.1%, respectively. Sensitivity analyses identified that the remission rate ranged between 18.1% and 34.9% in the AMR cohort and 10.6% and 27.2% in the AXR cohort. Better lung function, lower body mass index, mild disease and absence of comorbidities such as obesity, depression and osteoporosis predicted the odds of achieving clinical remission. CONCLUSION Biologic treatment with mepolizumab or omalizumab for severe asthma-induced asthma remission in a subgroup of patients. Remission on treatment may be an achievable treatment target and future studies should consider remission as an outcome measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Thomas
- Centre of Excellence in Treatable Traits, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Hunter Medical Research Institute Asthma and Breathing Programme, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vanessa M McDonald
- Centre of Excellence in Treatable Traits, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Hunter Medical Research Institute Asthma and Breathing Programme, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sean Stevens
- Centre of Excellence in Treatable Traits, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Hunter Medical Research Institute Asthma and Breathing Programme, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Erin S Harvey
- Centre of Excellence in Treatable Traits, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Hunter Medical Research Institute Asthma and Breathing Programme, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melissa Baraket
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip Bardin
- Lung and Sleep Medicine, Monash University and Medical Centre and Hudson Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeffrey J Bowden
- Respiratory and Sleep Services, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Simon Bowler
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Mater Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jimmy Chien
- Department of Sleep and Respiratory Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Li Ping Chung
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Gillman
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandra Hodge
- Lung Research Laboratory, Hanson Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Lung Research, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alan James
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medcial School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christine Jenkins
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Concord Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
- Concord Clinical School, University of Sydney, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Constance H Katelaris
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Campbelltown Hospital, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gregory P Katsoulotos
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Notre Dame, Sydney, Western Australia, Australia
- St George Specialist Centre, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinic, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Langton
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joy Lee
- Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Guy Marks
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew Peters
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Concord Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Paul N Reynolds
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Lung Research, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Janet Rimmer
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinic, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pathmanathan Sivakumaran
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - John W Upham
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter Wark
- Centre of Excellence in Treatable Traits, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Hunter Medical Research Institute Asthma and Breathing Programme, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian A Yang
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter G Gibson
- Centre of Excellence in Treatable Traits, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Hunter Medical Research Institute Asthma and Breathing Programme, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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Sunjaya A, Martin A, Arnott C, Marks G, Jenkins C. "It's like a forgotten issue sometimes …": Qualitative study of individuals living and caring for people with chronic breathlessness. Clin Respir J 2023. [PMID: 37350174 PMCID: PMC10363784 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to explore the perspectives of patients and carers with chronic breathlessness on current provision of care, care expectations, and self-management needs to develop relevant health services and resources to improve clinical outcomes. METHODS In-depth semistructured interviews were conducted on patients living with chronic breathlessness and carers. RESULTS Thirteen patients (cardiac, respiratory, and noncardiorespiratory) and two carers were interviewed (mean age 57 years, 47% female, median duration with breathlessness 5 years). Four main themes were identified: (1) living with breathlessness, (2) diagnosis delays, misdiagnosis, and knowledge gaps, (3) beyond curing disease: symptom relief and improving quality of life, and (4) self-management and limited support for it. CONCLUSION Breathlessness has a high personal impact but remains a neglected condition in Australia. Patients suffer from lack of personal, community, and provider awareness, discontinuity of care, and too few clinical and self-management options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Sunjaya
- Respiratory Division, The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Allison Martin
- Respiratory Division, The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clare Arnott
- Cardiovascular Division, The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Guy Marks
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, South Western Sydney Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christine Jenkins
- Respiratory Division, The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Knox-Brown B, Patel J, Potts J, Ahmed R, Aquart-Stewart A, Barbara C, Buist AS, Cherkaski HH, Denguezli M, Elbiaze M, Erhabor GE, Franssen FME, Al Ghobain M, Gislason T, Janson C, Kocabaş A, Mannino D, Marks G, Mortimer K, Nafees AA, Obaseki D, Paraguas SNM, Loh LC, Rashid A, Salvi S, Seemungal T, Studnicka M, Tan WC, Wouters EFM, Abozid H, Mueller A, Burney P, Amaral AFS. The association of spirometric small airways obstruction with respiratory symptoms, cardiometabolic diseases, and quality of life: results from the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study. Respir Res 2023; 24:137. [PMID: 37221593 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02450-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spirometric small airways obstruction (SAO) is common in the general population. Whether spirometric SAO is associated with respiratory symptoms, cardiometabolic diseases, and quality of life (QoL) is unknown. METHODS Using data from the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study (N = 21,594), we defined spirometric SAO as the mean forced expiratory flow rate between 25 and 75% of the FVC (FEF25-75) less than the lower limit of normal (LLN) or the forced expiratory volume in 3 s to FVC ratio (FEV3/FVC) less than the LLN. We analysed data on respiratory symptoms, cardiometabolic diseases, and QoL collected using standardised questionnaires. We assessed the associations with spirometric SAO using multivariable regression models, and pooled site estimates using random effects meta-analysis. We conducted identical analyses for isolated spirometric SAO (i.e. with FEV1/FVC ≥ LLN). RESULTS Almost a fifth of the participants had spirometric SAO (19% for FEF25-75; 17% for FEV3/FVC). Using FEF25-75, spirometric SAO was associated with dyspnoea (OR = 2.16, 95% CI 1.77-2.70), chronic cough (OR = 2.56, 95% CI 2.08-3.15), chronic phlegm (OR = 2.29, 95% CI 1.77-4.05), wheeze (OR = 2.87, 95% CI 2.50-3.40) and cardiovascular disease (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.11-1.52), but not hypertension or diabetes. Spirometric SAO was associated with worse physical and mental QoL. These associations were similar for FEV3/FVC. Isolated spirometric SAO (10% for FEF25-75; 6% for FEV3/FVC), was also associated with respiratory symptoms and cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSION Spirometric SAO is associated with respiratory symptoms, cardiovascular disease, and QoL. Consideration should be given to the measurement of FEF25-75 and FEV3/FVC, in addition to traditional spirometry parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Knox-Brown
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, 1B Manresa Road, London, SW3 6LR, UK.
| | - Jaymini Patel
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, 1B Manresa Road, London, SW3 6LR, UK
| | - James Potts
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, 1B Manresa Road, London, SW3 6LR, UK
| | - Rana Ahmed
- The Epidemiological Laboratory (Epilab), Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Cristina Barbara
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Sonia Buist
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Hamid Hacene Cherkaski
- Dept of Pneumology, Faculty of Medicine Annaba, University Badji Mokhtar of Annaba, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Meriam Denguezli
- Faculté de Médecine Dentaire de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Avenue Avicenne, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohammed Elbiaze
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, University Hospital, Fes, Morocco
| | | | - Frits M E Franssen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Research and Education, CIRO, Horn, the Netherlands
| | - Mohammed Al Ghobain
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thorarinn Gislason
- Department of Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ali Kocabaş
- Department of Chest Diseases, Cukurova University School of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - David Mannino
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- COPD Foundation, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Guy Marks
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kevin Mortimer
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Asaad Ahmed Nafees
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Stefanni Nonna M Paraguas
- Philippine College of Chest Physicians, Quezon City, Philippines
- Philippine Heart Centre, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Li Cher Loh
- RCSI & UCD Malaysia Campus, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Sundeep Salvi
- Pulmocare Research and Education (PURE) Foundation, Pune, India
- Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Terence Seemungal
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Michael Studnicka
- University Clinic for Pneumology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Wan C Tan
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hazim Abozid
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Peter Burney
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, 1B Manresa Road, London, SW3 6LR, UK
| | - Andre F S Amaral
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, 1B Manresa Road, London, SW3 6LR, UK
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Nickovic S, Petković S, Ilić L, Pejanović G, Mijić Z, Huete A, Marks G. Prediction of airborne pollen and sub-pollen particles for thunderstorm asthma outbreaks assessment. Sci Total Environ 2023; 864:160879. [PMID: 36521601 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
When exposed to convective thunderstorm conditions, pollen grains can rupture and release large numbers of allergenic sub-pollen particles (SPPs). These sub-pollen particles easily enter deep into human lungs, causing an asthmatic response named thunderstorm asthma (TA). Up to now, efforts to numerically predict the airborne SPP process and to forecast the occurrence of TAs are unsatisfactory. To overcome this problem, we have developed a physically-based pollen model (DREAM-POLL) with parameterized formation of airborne SPPs caused by convective atmospheric conditions. We ran the model over the Southern Australian grass fields for 2010 and 2016 pollen seasons when four largest decadal TA epidemics happened in Melbourne. One of these TA events (in November 2016) was the worldwide most extreme one which resulted to nine deaths and hundreds of hospital patient presentations. By executing the model on a day-by-day basis in a hindcast real-time mode we predicted SPP peaks exclusively only when the four major TA outbreaks happened, thus achieving a high forecasting success rate. The proposed modelling system can be easily implemented for other geographical domains and for different pollen types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slobodan Nickovic
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Slavko Petković
- Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Luka Ilić
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Goran Pejanović
- Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Mijić
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Alfredo Huete
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Guy Marks
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Morawska L, Bahnfleth W, Bluyssen PM, Boerstra A, Buonanno G, Dancer SJ, Floto A, Franchimon F, Haworth C, Hogeling J, Isaxon C, Jimenez JL, Kurnitski J, Li Y, Loomans M, Marks G, Marr LC, Mazzarella L, Melikov AK, Miller S, Milton DK, Nazaroff W, Nielsen PV, Noakes C, Peccia J, Querol X, Sekhar C, Seppänen O, Tanabe SI, Tellier R, Tham KW, Wargocki P, Wierzbicka A. COVID-19 and Airborne Transmission: Science Rejected, Lives Lost. Can Society Do Better? Clin Infect Dis 2023; 76:1854-1859. [PMID: 36763042 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This is an account that should be heard of an important struggle: the struggle of a large group of experts who came together at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic to warn the world about the risk of airborne transmission and the consequences of ignoring it. We alerted the World Health Organization (WHO) about the potential significance of the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and the urgent need to control it, but our concerns were dismissed. Here we describe how this happened and the consequences. We hope that by reporting this story, we can raise awareness of the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and the need to be open to new evidence, and to prevent it from happening again. Acknowledgement of an issue and the emergence of new evidence related to it, is the first necessary step towards finding effective mitigation solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Morawska
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Heath, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - William Bahnfleth
- Department of Architectural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, USA
| | - Philomena M Bluyssen
- Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Atze Boerstra
- REHVA (Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Associations), BBA Binnenmilieu, The Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Buonanno
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | | | - Andres Floto
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Charles Haworth
- Cambridge Centre for Lung Infection, Royal Papworth Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jaap Hogeling
- International Standards at ISSO, ISSO International Project, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jose L Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry, and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - Jarek Kurnitski
- REHVA Technology and Research Committee, Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia
| | - Yuguo Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hong Kong University, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marcel Loomans
- Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), The Netherlands
| | - Guy Marks
- Centre for Air quality Research and evaluation (CAR), University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Linsey C Marr
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, USA
| | | | - Arsen Krikor Melikov
- DTU Sustain, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark
| | - Shelly Miller
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - Donald K Milton
- Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, USA
| | - William Nazaroff
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Peter V Nielsen
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Catherine Noakes
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Xavier Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Geosciences, Spanish National Research Council, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chandra Sekhar
- Department of the Built Environment, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Kwok Wai Tham
- Department of the Built Environment, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pawel Wargocki
- DTU Sustain, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark
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Ellwood P, Asher I, Bissell K, Chiang CY, Ellwood E, Sony AE, García-Marcos L, Marks G, Masekela R, Morales E, Mortimer K, Pearce N, Strachan D. Asthma Network. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:14-15. [PMID: 36284425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
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Chiang CY, Crossingham I, Sony AE, Fortescue R, García-Marcos L, Marks G, Masekela R, Reddel H. New Approaches with Asthma Medicines. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:72-73. [PMID: 36284420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
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Sony AE, Yorgancıolu A, Bissell K, Masekela R, Rylance S, Marks G, Chiang CY. Asthma Management in LMICs. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:81-83. [PMID: 36284431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
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García-Marcos L, Chiang CY, Silverwood R, Asher I, Marks G, Mortimer K, Ellwood P, Morales E, El-Sony A. Global Asthma Management and Control. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:29-31. [PMID: 36284433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
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Pearce N, García-Marcos L, Morales E, Strachan D, Marks G, Asher I. Asthma and Factors Affecting it. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:16-19. [PMID: 36284411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
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Dlodlo RA, Ncube RT, Dhlakama D, Nyathi BB, Sandy C, Marks G. Dr Christopher Zishiri. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:1095-1096. [DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.22.0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. A. Dlodlo
- Department of TB, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union), Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
| | - R. T. Ncube
- TB, The Union Zimbabwe Trust, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - D. Dhlakama
- TB, The Union Zimbabwe Trust, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | | | - C. Sandy
- AIDS and TB Unit, Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - G. Marks
- Epidemiology Group, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Respiratory Medicine, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Chiang CY, Bissell K, Macé C, Perrin C, Marks G, Mortimer K, El Sony A, Aït-Khaled N, Enarson DA, Billo NE. The Asthma Drug Facility and the future management of asthma. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:388-391. [PMID: 35505485 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.22.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C-Y Chiang
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - K Bissell
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - C Macé
- Independent consultant, Nantes, France
| | - C Perrin
- Independent consultant, Brittany, France
| | - G Marks
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France, Respiratory & Environmental Epidemiology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - K Mortimer
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - A El Sony
- Epidemiological Laboratory (Epi-Lab) for Public Health, Research and Development, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - N Aït-Khaled
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France
| | - D A Enarson
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France
| | - N E Billo
- Independent consultant, Joensuu, Finland
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14
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Han C, Xu R, Zhang Y, Yu W, Zhang Z, Morawska L, Heyworth J, Jalaludin B, Morgan G, Marks G, Abramson M, Sun L, Li S, Guo Y. Air pollution control efficacy and health impacts: A global observational study from 2000 to 2016. Environ Pollut 2021; 287:117211. [PMID: 34052602 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) concentrations vary between countries with similar carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, which can be partially explained by differences in air pollution control efficacy. However, no indicator of air pollution control efficacy has yet been developed. We aimed to develop such an indicator, and to evaluate its global and temporal distribution and its association with country-level health metrics. A novel indicator, ambient population-weighted average PM2.5 concentration per unit per capita CO2 emission (PM2.5/CO2), was developed to assess country-specific air pollution control efficacy (abbreviated as APCI). We estimated and mapped the global average distribution of APCI and its changes during 2000-2016 across 196 countries. Pearson correlation coefficients and Generalized Additive Mixed Model (GAMM) were used to evaluate the relationship between APCI and health metrics. APCI varied by country with an inverse association with economic development. APCI showed an almost stable trend globally from 2000 to 2016, with the low-income groups increased and several countries (China, India, Bangladesh) decreased. The Pearson correlation coefficients between APCI and life expectancy at birth (LE), infant-mortality rate (IMR), under-five year of age mortality rate (U5MR) and logarithm of per capita GDP (LPGDP) were -0.57, 0.65, 0.66, -0.59 respectively (all P values < 0.001). APCI could explain international variation of LE, IMR and U5MR. The associations between APCI and LE, IMR, U5MR were independent of per capita GDP and climatic factors. We consider APCI to be a good indicator for air pollution control efficacy given its relation to important population health indicators. Our findings provide a new metric to interpret health inequity across the globe from the point of climate change and air pollution control efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Han
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264003, PR China; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Rongbin Xu
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Yajuan Zhang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, PR China
| | - Wenhua Yu
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Zhongwen Zhang
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264003, PR China
| | - Lidia Morawska
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - Jane Heyworth
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- School of Population Health, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Morgan
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Guy Marks
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2170, Australia
| | - Michael Abramson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Liwei Sun
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264003, PR China
| | - Shanshan Li
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
| | - Yuming Guo
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264003, PR China; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
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15
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Chapman JL, Hoyos CM, Killick R, Sutherland K, Cistulli PA, Zwar N, Yee BJ, Marks G, Grunstein RR, Wong KKH. Development and validation of a model for diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea in primary care. Respirology 2021; 26:989-996. [PMID: 34342088 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Use of in-laboratory polysomnography (PSG) to diagnose obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is cost and resource intensive. Questionnaires, physical measurements and home monitors have been studied as potential simpler alternatives. This study aimed to develop a diagnostic model for OSA for use in primary care. METHODS Primary care practitioners were trained to recognize symptoms of sleep apnoea and recruited patients based on the clinical need to investigate OSA. Assessment was by symptom questionnaires, anthropomorphic measurements, digital facial photography, and a single-channel nasal flow monitor (Flow Wizard©, DiagnoseIT, Sydney, Australia) worn at home for 3 nights. The in-laboratory PSG was the reference test, with OSA defined as apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) ≥10 events/h. RESULTS In the model development phase, 25 primary care practitioners studied 315 patients in whom they suspected OSA, of which 57% had AHI≥10 and 22% had AHI≥30. Published OSA questionnaires provided low to moderate prediction of OSA (area under the curve [AUC] 0.53-0.73). The nasal flow monitor alone yielded high accuracy for predicting OSA with AUC of 0.87. Sensitivity was 0.87 and specificity 0.77 at a threshold respiratory event index (REI) of 18 events/h. A model adding age, gender, symptoms and BMI to the nasal flow monitor REI only modestly improved OSA prediction (AUC 0.89), with similar AUC (0.88) confirmed in the validation population of 114 patients. CONCLUSION Sleep apnoea can be diagnosed in the primary care setting with a combination of clinical judgement and portable monitor test outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia L Chapman
- Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Psychology and Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Camilla M Hoyos
- Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Psychology and Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roo Killick
- Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kate Sutherland
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter A Cistulli
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nick Zwar
- Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brendon J Yee
- Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Guy Marks
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ronald R Grunstein
- Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre-Royal Prince Alfred Clinic, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Keith K H Wong
- Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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16
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Duong TMN, Le TV, Tran KLH, Nguyen PT, Nguyen BPT, Nguyen TA, Nguyen HLP, Nguyen BNT, Fisher MC, Rhodes J, Marks G, Fox GJ, Chen SCA, Walsh MG, Barrs VR, Talbot J, Halliday CL, Sorrell TC, Day JN, Beardsley J. Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus is highly prevalent in the environment of Vietnam, with marked variability by land use type. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:7632-7642. [PMID: 34232541 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Azole-resistant environmental Aspergillus fumigatus presents a threat to public health but the extent of this threat in Southeast Asia is poorly described. We conducted environmental surveillance in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam, collecting air and ground samples across key land-use types, and determined antifungal susceptibilities of Aspergillus section Fumigati (ASF) isolates and azole concentrations in soils. Of 119 ASF isolates, 55% were resistant (or non-wild type) to itraconazole, 65% to posaconazole and 50% to voriconazole. Azole resistance was more frequent in A. fumigatus sensu stricto isolates (95%) than other ASF species (32%). Resistant isolates and agricultural azole residues were overrepresented in samples from cultivated land. cyp51A gene sequence analysis showed 38/56 resistant A. fumigatus sensu stricto isolates carried known resistance mutations, with TR34 /L98H most frequent (34/38).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tra-My N Duong
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145, Australia.,Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Van Le
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Khanh-Linh H Tran
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Thu-Anh Nguyen
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | | | - Bich-Ngoc T Nguyen
- National Lung Hospital, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam.,Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Matthew C Fisher
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Johanna Rhodes
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Guy Marks
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Greg J Fox
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145, Australia.,Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Sharon C-A Chen
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145, Australia.,Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, 2145, Australia
| | - Michael G Walsh
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145, Australia.,Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145, Australia
| | - Vanessa R Barrs
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145, Australia.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Jessica Talbot
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145, Australia
| | - Catriona L Halliday
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145, Australia.,Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, 2145, Australia
| | - Tania C Sorrell
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145, Australia.,Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145, Australia.,Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Sydney, 2145, Australia
| | - Jeremy N Day
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Justin Beardsley
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145, Australia.,Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam.,Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145, Australia.,Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Sydney, 2145, Australia
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17
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Ewald B, Knibbs L, Marks G. Opportunity to reduce paediatric asthma in New South Wales through nitrogen dioxide control. Aust N Z J Public Health 2021; 45:400-402. [PMID: 34097338 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.13111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main sources of nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), road vehicles and electricity generation, are currently in a period of technological change. We assessed the number of cases of childhood asthma in New South Wales that could be avoided by lowering exposure to NO2 by 25% from current levels. METHODS Health impact assessment calculations for each of the 128 local government areas were based on the population of children aged 2 to 14, the prevalence of asthma derived from the 2017 NSW health survey, NO2 exposure from a land-use regression model using satellite data, and risk estimates derived from two meta-analyses and one Australian study. RESULTS A 25% reduction in NO2 below current exposure would lead to between 2,597 and 12,286 fewer children with asthma in NSW. The wide range in these estimates reflects the variation in concentration-response functions used. CONCLUSIONS Even the lowest of these estimates would be a worthwhile reduction in this common childhood illness. Implications for public health: A 25% reduction in NO2 is ambitious, but it is achievable through improved vehicle exhaust standards, increasing electric vehicle numbers, and reform of the electricity sector. Current Australian ambient air quality standards for annual NO2 should be revised downwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Ewald
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales
| | - Luke Knibbs
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland
| | - Guy Marks
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales.,Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Science, Liverpool, New South Wales
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18
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19
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Morawska L, Allen J, Bahnfleth W, Bluyssen PM, Boerstra A, Buonanno G, Cao J, Dancer SJ, Floto A, Franchimon F, Greenhalgh T, Haworth C, Hogeling J, Isaxon C, Jimenez JL, Kurnitski J, Li Y, Loomans M, Marks G, Marr LC, Mazzarella L, Melikov AK, Miller S, Milton DK, Nazaroff W, Nielsen PV, Noakes C, Peccia J, Prather K, Querol X, Sekhar C, Seppänen O, Tanabe SI, Tang JW, Tellier R, Tham KW, Wargocki P, Wierzbicka A, Yao M. A paradigm shift to combat indoor respiratory infection. Science 2021; 372:689-691. [PMID: 33986171 DOI: 10.1126/science.abg2025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Allen
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | | | | | - Atze Boerstra
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | | | - Junji Cao
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | | | - Andres Floto
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | | | | | | | - Jaap Hogeling
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | | | | | | | - Yuguo Li
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | | | - Guy Marks
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | - Linsey C Marr
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | | | | | - Shelly Miller
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | | | | | | | | | - Jordan Peccia
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | - Kim Prather
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | - Xavier Querol
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | | | - Olli Seppänen
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | | | - Julian W Tang
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | | | - Kwok Wai Tham
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
| | | | | | - Maosheng Yao
- Affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials
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20
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Burney P, Patel J, Minelli C, Gnatiuc L, Amaral AFS, Kocabaş A, Cherkaski HH, Gulsvik A, Nielsen R, Bateman E, Jithoo A, Mortimer K, Sooronbaev TM, Lawin H, Nejjari C, Elbiaze M, El Rhazi K, Zheng JP, Ran P, Welte T, Obaseki D, Erhabor G, Elsony A, Osman NB, Ahmed R, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka E, Mejza F, Mannino DM, Bárbara C, Wouters EFM, Idolor LF, Loh LC, Rashid A, Juvekar S, Gislason T, Al Ghobain M, Studnicka M, Harrabi I, Denguezli M, Koul PA, Jenkins C, Marks G, Jõgi R, Hafizi H, Janson C, Tan WC, Aquart-Stewart A, Mbatchou B, Nafees A, Gunasekera K, Seemungal T, Padukudru Anand M, Enright P, Vollmer WM, Blangiardo M, Elfadaly FG, Buist AS. Prevalence and Population Attributable Risk for Chronic Airflow Obstruction in a Large Multinational Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 203:1353-1365. [PMID: 33171069 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202005-1990oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The Global Burden of Disease programme identified smoking, and ambient and household air pollution as the main drivers of death and disability from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Objective: To estimate the attributable risk of chronic airflow obstruction (CAO), a quantifiable characteristic of COPD, due to several risk factors. Methods: The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study is a cross-sectional study of adults, aged≥40, in a globally distributed sample of 41 urban and rural sites. Based on data from 28,459 participants, we estimated the prevalence of CAO, defined as a post-bronchodilator one-second forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity ratio < lower limit of normal, and the relative risks associated with different risk factors. Local RR were estimated using a Bayesian hierarchical model borrowing information from across sites. From these RR and the prevalence of risk factors, we estimated local Population Attributable Risks (PAR). Measurements and Main Results: Mean prevalence of CAO was 11.2% in men and 8.6% in women. Mean PAR for smoking was 5.1% in men and 2.2% in women. The next most influential risk factors were poor education levels, working in a dusty job for ≥10 years, low body mass index (BMI), and a history of tuberculosis. The risk of CAO attributable to the different risk factors varied across sites. Conclusions: While smoking remains the most important risk factor for CAO, in some areas poor education, low BMI and passive smoking are of greater importance. Dusty occupations and tuberculosis are important risk factors at some sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Burney
- Imperial College, Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Jaymini Patel
- Imperial College London, NHLI - Respiratory Epidemiology, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Cosetta Minelli
- Imperial College, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Louisa Gnatiuc
- University of Oxford, 6396, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - André F S Amaral
- Imperial College London, 4615, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
| | - Ali Kocabaş
- Cukurova Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 63988, Pulmonary Disease, Adana, Turkey
| | | | - Amund Gulsvik
- University of Bergen, 1658, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Anamika Jithoo
- University of Cape Town Lung Institute, 108145, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kevin Mortimer
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Respiratory Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | | | - Hervé Lawin
- University of Abomey-Calavi, 107790, Unit of Teaching and Research in Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Chakib Nejjari
- Laboratoire d'épidémiologie, Recherche Clinique et Santé Communautaire, Fes, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Elbiaze
- Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie de Fes Bibliotheque, 548123, Fes, Morocco
| | - Karima El Rhazi
- Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie de Fes Bibliotheque, 548123, Fes, Morocco
| | - Jin-Ping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pixin Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tobias Welte
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Direktor der Abteilung Pneumologie, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Filip Mejza
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, 49573, Krakow, Poland
| | - David M Mannino
- Medical Expert at GlaxoSmithKline, Lexington, Kentucky, United States.,University of Ketucky, Epidemiology , Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Cristina Bárbara
- Hospital Pulido Valente, 70896, Unidade de Técnicas Invasivas Pneumológicas, Pneumologia II, Lisboa, Portugal.,Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Medicina, 37811, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Li-Cher Loh
- Penang Medical College, 26696, Georgetown, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rashid
- Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland and University College Dublin, Malaysia Campus, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | | - Imed Harrabi
- Faculty of Medicine, Sousse, Tunisia, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Meriam Denguezli
- Universite de Sousse Faculte de Medecine de Sousse, 280226, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Parvaiz A Koul
- Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, 29078, Internal Medicine, Srinagar, India
| | | | - Guy Marks
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Campertown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rain Jõgi
- Foundation Tartu University Clinics, Lung Clinic, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Christer Janson
- Uppsala Uiversity, Dep of Respiratory Medicine, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Wan C Tan
- Univ British Columbia, icapture center, vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Terry Seemungal
- University of the West Indies, Clinical Medical Sciences, Champs Fleurs, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Mahesh Padukudru Anand
- JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, JSS Medical College, , Mysore, India
| | - Paul Enright
- University of Arizona, Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | | | - Marta Blangiardo
- Imperial College London School of Public Health, 156430, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Fadlalla G Elfadaly
- The Open University, 5488, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - A Sonia Buist
- Oregon Health Sciences University, Medicine / Pulmonary & Critical Care, Portland, Oregon, United States
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21
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Brew B, Gibberd A, Marks G, Strobel N, Allen W, Jorm L, Chambers G, Eades S, Mcnamara B. Late Breaking Abstract - Identifying preventable early risk factors for asthma in Indigenous children: a population cohort study in Western Australia. Epidemiology 2020. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.4638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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22
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Morawska L, Tang JW, Bahnfleth W, Bluyssen PM, Boerstra A, Buonanno G, Cao J, Dancer S, Floto A, Franchimon F, Haworth C, Hogeling J, Isaxon C, Jimenez JL, Kurnitski J, Li Y, Loomans M, Marks G, Marr LC, Mazzarella L, Melikov AK, Miller S, Milton DK, Nazaroff W, Nielsen PV, Noakes C, Peccia J, Querol X, Sekhar C, Seppänen O, Tanabe SI, Tellier R, Tham KW, Wargocki P, Wierzbicka A, Yao M. How can airborne transmission of COVID-19 indoors be minimised? Environ Int 2020; 142:105832. [PMID: 32521345 PMCID: PMC7250761 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 544] [Impact Index Per Article: 136.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
During the rapid rise in COVID-19 illnesses and deaths globally, and notwithstanding recommended precautions, questions are voiced about routes of transmission for this pandemic disease. Inhaling small airborne droplets is probable as a third route of infection, in addition to more widely recognized transmission via larger respiratory droplets and direct contact with infected people or contaminated surfaces. While uncertainties remain regarding the relative contributions of the different transmission pathways, we argue that existing evidence is sufficiently strong to warrant engineering controls targeting airborne transmission as part of an overall strategy to limit infection risk indoors. Appropriate building engineering controls include sufficient and effective ventilation, possibly enhanced by particle filtration and air disinfection, avoiding air recirculation and avoiding overcrowding. Often, such measures can be easily implemented and without much cost, but if only they are recognised as significant in contributing to infection control goals. We believe that the use of engineering controls in public buildings, including hospitals, shops, offices, schools, kindergartens, libraries, restaurants, cruise ships, elevators, conference rooms or public transport, in parallel with effective application of other controls (including isolation and quarantine, social distancing and hand hygiene), would be an additional important measure globally to reduce the likelihood of transmission and thereby protect healthcare workers, patients and the general public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Morawska
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Heath (ILAQH), WHO Collaborating Centre for Air Quality and Health, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Julian W Tang
- Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - William Bahnfleth
- Department of Architectural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, USA
| | - Philomena M Bluyssen
- Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - Atze Boerstra
- REHVA (Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Associations), BBA Binnenmilieu, the Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Buonanno
- Department if Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Junji Cao
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Beijing, China
| | - Stephanie Dancer
- Edinburgh Napier University and NHS Lanarkshire, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Andres Floto
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Charles Haworth
- Cambridge Centre for Lung Infection, Royal Papworth Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jaap Hogeling
- International Standards at ISSO, ISSO International Project, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jose L Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry, and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - Jarek Kurnitski
- REHVA Technology and Research Committee, Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia
| | - Yuguo Li
- Department of Mechancal Engineering, Hong Kong University, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marcel Loomans
- Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), the Netherlands
| | - Guy Marks
- Centre for Air quality Research and evaluation (CAR), University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | - Arsen Krikor Melikov
- International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy, Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Shelly Miller
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - Donald K Milton
- Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, USA
| | - William Nazaroff
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Peter V Nielsen
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Catherine Noakes
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Xavier Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Department of Geosciences, Spanish National Research Council, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chandra Sekhar
- Department of Building, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Kwok Wai Tham
- Department of Building, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pawel Wargocki
- International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy, Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
| | | | - Maosheng Yao
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Scott E, Kubiak M, Needleman S, Marks G, Smith K, Prentice M. The Shift Towards Digital Appointments: the Response to COVID-19 Affecting Uro-Oncology. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2020; 33:e84. [PMID: 32773160 PMCID: PMC7392077 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Scott
- Oncology Department, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M Kubiak
- Oncology Department, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S Needleman
- Oncology Department, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - G Marks
- Oncology Department, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - K Smith
- Oncology Department, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M Prentice
- Oncology Department, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiris Vardoulakis
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Guy Marks
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Woolcock Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael J Abramson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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25
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Wei X, Marks G. Tobacco control. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 24:263. [PMID: 32228750 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.20.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- X Wei
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - G Marks
- Faculty of Medicine, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, NSW, Australia, ,
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26
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Lu P, Zhang Y, Lin J, Xia G, Zhang W, Knibbs LD, Morgan GG, Jalaludin B, Marks G, Abramson M, Li S, Guo Y. Multi-city study on air pollution and hospital outpatient visits for asthma in China. Environ Pollut 2020; 257:113638. [PMID: 31812526 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proportion of asthma patients with mild to moderate exacerbations is far greater than the number who experience episodes that are severe enough to require emergency room visits or hospital admission. However the routinely collected data from hospitals is absent in the past. OBJECTIVE To evaluate associations between short-term exposures to air pollutants and hospital outpatient visits for asthma in China. METHODS We obtained data for 143,057 asthma outpatient visits from the largest hospitals in 17 Chinese cities, between Jan 01 2013 and Dec 31 2015. We used daily concentrations of air pollutants measured by the China National Environmental Monitoring Centre. We used a time-stratified case-crossover design, and fitted conditional logistic regression models to determine the associations. RESULTS Particulate matter ≤10μm in diameter (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were associated with increased risks of hospital outpatient visits for asthma on the same day, while the effects were delayed for particulate matter ≤2.5μm in diameter (PM2.5) and sulphur dioxide (SO2). For the cumulative effect model at lag05 days, 10 μg/m3 increase in air pollutants concentrations were correlated with hospital outpatient visits for asthma with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals 1.004 (1.000-1.008) for PM2.5, 1.005 (1.002-1.008) for PM10, 1.030 (1.021-1.040) for NO2, and 1.015 (1.008-1.021) for SO2. Almost one in nine (10.9%; 7.7, 13.9%) hospital outpatient visits for asthma were attributable to NO2. CONCLUSION Short-term exposures to PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and SO2 were associated with hospital outpatient visits for asthma in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yongming Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangtao Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Guoxin Xia
- School of Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Center for Disease Surveillance and Research, Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Luke D Knibbs
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Geoffrey G Morgan
- School of Public Health, University Centre for Rural Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Guy Marks
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Abramson
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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27
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Marks G, Ampon R, Poulos L, Reddel H. Incidence and remission of asthma in Australian children: findings from a population cohort. Epidemiology 2019. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Marks G. Causal inference studies: improving the quality of evidence. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018; 22:1389. [DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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29
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Pavord ID, Beasley R, Agusti A, Anderson GP, Bel E, Brusselle G, Cullinan P, Custovic A, Ducharme FM, Fahy JV, Frey U, Gibson P, Heaney LG, Holt PG, Humbert M, Lloyd CM, Marks G, Martinez FD, Sly PD, von Mutius E, Wenzel S, Zar HJ, Bush A. After asthma: redefining airways diseases. Lancet 2018; 391:350-400. [PMID: 28911920 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30879-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 648] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian D Pavord
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK.
| | - Richard Beasley
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Alvar Agusti
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gary P Anderson
- Lung Health Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Bel
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Guy Brusselle
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Departments of Epidemiology and Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Paul Cullinan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | | | - Francine M Ducharme
- Departments of Paediatrics and Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - John V Fahy
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Urs Frey
- University Children's Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Gibson
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Liam G Heaney
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Patrick G Holt
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Marc Humbert
- L'Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France; Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Paris, France; INSERM UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Paris, France
| | - Clare M Lloyd
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Guy Marks
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fernando D Martinez
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ, USA
| | - Peter D Sly
- Department of Children's Health and Environment, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Centre for Children's Health Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Erika von Mutius
- Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Sally Wenzel
- University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Heather J Zar
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross Children's Hospital and Medical Research Council Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andy Bush
- Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
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30
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Bowatte G, Lodge C, Knibbs L, Lowe A, Erbas B, Dennekamp M, Perret J, Giles G, Jalaludin B, Marks G, Abramson M, Walters H, Dharmage S. The role of TRAP exposure in the development and persistence of asthma and low lung function. Epidemiology 2017. [DOI: 10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.pa3511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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31
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Gibson PG, Reddel H, McDonald VM, Marks G, Jenkins C, Gillman A, Upham J, Sutherland M, Rimmer J, Thien F, Katsoulotos GP, Cook M, Yang I, Katelaris C, Bowler S, Langton D, Robinson P, Wright C, Yozghatlian V, Burgess S, Sivakumaran P, Jaffe A, Bowden J, Wark PAB, Yan KY, Kritikos V, Peters M, Hew M, Aminazad A, Bint M, Guo M. Effectiveness and response predictors of omalizumab in a severe allergic asthma population with a high prevalence of comorbidities: the Australian Xolair Registry. Intern Med J 2017; 46:1054-62. [PMID: 27350385 DOI: 10.1111/imj.13166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe asthma is a high impact disease. Omalizumab targets the allergic inflammatory pathway; however, effectiveness data in a population with significant comorbidities are limited. AIMS To describe severe allergic asthma, omalizumab treatment outcomes and predictors of response among the Australian Xolair Registry participants. METHODS A web-based post-marketing surveillance registry was established to characterise the use, effectiveness and adverse effects of omalizumab (Xolair) for severe allergic asthma. RESULTS Participants (n = 192) (mean age 51 years, 118 female) with severe allergic asthma from 21 clinics in Australia were assessed, and 180 received omalizumab therapy. They had poor asthma control (Asthma Control Questionnaire, ACQ-5, mean score 3.56) and significant quality of life impairment (Asthma-related Quality of Life Questionnaire score 3.57), and 52% were using daily oral corticosteroid (OCS). Overall, 95% had one or more comorbidities (rhinitis 48%, obesity 45%, cardiovascular disease 23%). The omalizumab responder rate, assessed by an improvement of at least 0.5 in ACQ-5, was high at 83%. OCS use was significantly reduced. The response in participants with comorbid obesity and cardiovascular disease was similar to those without these conditions. Baseline ACQ-5 ≥ 2.0 (P = 0.002) and older age (P = 0.05) predicted the magnitude of change in ACQ-5 in response to omalizumab. Drug-related adverse events included anaphylactoid reactions (n = 4), headache (n = 2) and chest pains (n = 1). CONCLUSION Australian patients with severe allergic asthma report a high disease burden and have extensive comorbidity. Symptomatic response to omalizumab was high despite significant comorbid disease. Omalizumab is an effective targeted therapy for severe allergic asthma with comorbidity in a real-life setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Gibson
- Centre for Healthy Lungs, Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - H Reddel
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,University of Sydney, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - V M McDonald
- Centre for Healthy Lungs, Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - G Marks
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Jenkins
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Gillman
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Upham
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - M Sutherland
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Rimmer
- St Vincent's Clinic, Campbelltown Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - F Thien
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - G P Katsoulotos
- St George Specialist Centre, Campbelltown Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Cook
- Department of Immunology, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - I Yang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - C Katelaris
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Campbelltown Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Bowler
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Mater Adult Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - D Langton
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - P Robinson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Wright
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nambour Hospital, Nambour, Queensland, Australia
| | - V Yozghatlian
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, St George Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Burgess
- QLD Children's Lung and Sleep Specialists, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - P Sivakumaran
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gold Coast District Hospital, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - A Jaffe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Bowden
- Department of Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - P A B Wark
- Centre for Healthy Lungs, Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K Y Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - V Kritikos
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Peters
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Hew
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Aminazad
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Bint
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nambour Hospital, Nambour, Queensland, Australia
| | - M Guo
- Clinical Management, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Marks G, Swannie H, Thompson A. Dosing of cisplatin in chemoradiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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33
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Perret JL, Bowatte G, Lodge CJ, Knibbs LD, Gurrin LC, Kandane-Rathnayake R, Johns DP, Lowe AJ, Burgess JA, Thompson BR, Thomas PS, Wood-Baker R, Morrison S, Giles GG, Marks G, Markos J, Tang MLK, Abramson MJ, Walters EH, Matheson MC, Dharmage SC. The Dose-Response Association between Nitrogen Dioxide Exposure and Serum Interleukin-6 Concentrations. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18051015. [PMID: 28481326 PMCID: PMC5454928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is an integral part of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and air pollution is associated with cardiorespiratory mortality, yet the interrelationships are not fully defined. We examined associations between nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure (as a marker of traffic-related air pollution) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and investigated effect modification and mediation by post-bronchodilator airflow obstruction (post-BD-AO) and cardiovascular risk. Data from middle-aged participants in the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study (TAHS, n = 1389) were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression, using serum interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as the outcome. Mean annual NO2 exposure was estimated at residential addresses using a validated satellite-based land-use regression model. Post-BD-AO was defined by post-BD forced expiratory ratio (FEV1/FVC) < lower limit of normal, and cardiovascular risk by a history of either cerebrovascular or ischaemic heart disease. We found a positive association with increasing serum IL-6 concentration (geometric mean 1.20 (95% CI: 1.1 to 1.3, p = 0.001) per quartile increase in NO2). This was predominantly a direct relationship, with little evidence for either effect modification or mediation via post-BD-AO, or for the small subgroup who reported cardiovascular events. However, there was some evidence consistent with serum IL-6 being on the causal pathway between NO2 and cardiovascular risk. These findings raise the possibility that the interplay between air pollution and systemic inflammation may differ between post-BD airflow obstruction and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Perret
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep (IBAS), Heidelberg, Melbourne, Victoria 3084, Australia.
| | - Gayan Bowatte
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Caroline J Lodge
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Luke D Knibbs
- School of Public Health, the University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia.
| | - Lyle C Gurrin
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Rangi Kandane-Rathnayake
- School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
| | - David P Johns
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
- "Breathe Well" Center of Research Excellence for Chronic Respiratory Disease and Lung Ageing, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7005, Australia.
| | - Adrian J Lowe
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - John A Burgess
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Bruce R Thompson
- Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, the Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
| | - Paul S Thomas
- Prince of Wales' Hospital Clinical School and School of Medicine Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Richard Wood-Baker
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
| | - Stephen Morrison
- Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiological Center, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria 3053, Australia.
| | - Guy Marks
- South West Sydney Clinical School, the University of NSW, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia.
| | - James Markos
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.
| | - Mimi L K Tang
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
- Allergy and Immune Disorders, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
- Department of Paediatrics, the University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Michael J Abramson
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
| | - E Haydn Walters
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
- "Breathe Well" Center of Research Excellence for Chronic Respiratory Disease and Lung Ageing, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7005, Australia.
| | - Melanie C Matheson
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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Barraclough J, Garden F, Toelle B, Marks G, Cowell C, Ayer J, Celermajer D. Determinants of BMI and Effects on Cardiovascular (CV) Risk Factors in a Community Based Sample of Adolescents. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Getahun H, Matteelli A, Abubakar I, Aziz MA, Baddeley A, Barreira D, Den Boon S, Borroto Gutierrez SM, Bruchfeld J, Burhan E, Cavalcante S, Cedillos R, Chaisson R, Chee CBE, Chesire L, Corbett E, Dara M, Denholm J, de Vries G, Falzon D, Ford N, Gale-Rowe M, Gilpin C, Girardi E, Go UY, Govindasamy D, D Grant A, Grzemska M, Harris R, Horsburgh CR, Ismayilov A, Jaramillo E, Kik S, Kranzer K, Lienhardt C, LoBue P, Lönnroth K, Marks G, Menzies D, Migliori GB, Mosca D, Mukadi YD, Mwinga A, Nelson L, Nishikiori N, Oordt-Speets A, Rangaka MX, Reis A, Rotz L, Sandgren A, Sañé Schepisi M, Schünemann HJ, Sharma SK, Sotgiu G, Stagg HR, Sterling TR, Tayeb T, Uplekar M, van der Werf MJ, Vandevelde W, van Kessel F, van't Hoog A, Varma JK, Vezhnina N, Voniatis C, Vonk Noordegraaf-Schouten M, Weil D, Weyer K, Wilkinson RJ, Yoshiyama T, Zellweger JP, Raviglione M. Management of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: WHO guidelines for low tuberculosis burden countries. Eur Respir J 2015; 46:1563-76. [PMID: 26405286 PMCID: PMC4664608 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01245-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 377] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is characterised by the presence of immune responses to previously acquired Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection without clinical evidence of active tuberculosis (TB). Here we report evidence-based guidelines from the World Health Organization for a public health approach to the management of LTBI in high risk individuals in countries with high or middle upper income and TB incidence of <100 per 100 000 per year. The guidelines strongly recommend systematic testing and treatment of LTBI in people living with HIV, adult and child contacts of pulmonary TB cases, patients initiating anti-tumour necrosis factor treatment, patients receiving dialysis, patients preparing for organ or haematological transplantation, and patients with silicosis. In prisoners, healthcare workers, immigrants from high TB burden countries, homeless persons and illicit drug users, systematic testing and treatment of LTBI is conditionally recommended, according to TB epidemiology and resource availability. Either commercial interferon-gamma release assays or Mantoux tuberculin skin testing could be used to test for LTBI. Chest radiography should be performed before LTBI treatment to rule out active TB disease. Recommended treatment regimens for LTBI include: 6 or 9 month isoniazid; 12 week rifapentine plus isoniazid; 3-4 month isoniazid plus rifampicin; or 3-4 month rifampicin alone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Matteelli
- The Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ibrahim Abubakar
- Dept of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, UK Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Mohamed Abdel Aziz
- World Health Organization, Regional Office for Eastern Mediterranean, Egypt
| | - Annabel Baddeley
- The Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Judith Bruchfeld
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Dept of Medicine, Karolinska Institute Solna and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erlina Burhan
- Dept of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia and Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Solange Cavalcante
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Richard Chaisson
- Center for TB Research, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Masoud Dara
- World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, Denmark
| | | | | | - Dennis Falzon
- The Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nathan Ford
- Dept of HIV and Global Hepatitis Programme, World Health Organization, Switzerland
| | | | - Chris Gilpin
- The Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Girardi
- Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
| | - Un-Yeong Go
- Dept of HIV/AIDS and TB Control Korea, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Republic of Korea
| | - Darshini Govindasamy
- Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, South Africa
| | - Alison D Grant
- Dept of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | - C Robert Horsburgh
- Dept of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ernesto Jaramillo
- The Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Kik
- McGill International TB Centre, and Dept of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Katharina Kranzer
- Dept of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | - Knut Lönnroth
- The Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland Dept of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Guy Marks
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research University of Sydney and UNSW Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dick Menzies
- McGill International TB Centre, and Dept of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Davide Mosca
- Migration Health Department, International Organization of Migration, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ya Diul Mukadi
- Infectious Disease Division, Bureau for Global Health, US Agency for International Development, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Lisa Nelson
- Dept of HIV and Global Hepatitis Programme, World Health Organization, Switzerland
| | - Nobuyuki Nishikiori
- World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Western Pacific, Philippines
| | | | - Molebogeng Xheedha Rangaka
- Dept of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, UK Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andreas Reis
- Knowledge, Ethics and Research Department, World Health Organization, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Rotz
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA
| | - Andreas Sandgren
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Holger J Schünemann
- Dept of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Dept of Medicine, GRADE Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helen R Stagg
- Dept of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Tamara Tayeb
- National TB Programme, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mukund Uplekar
- The Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Femke van Kessel
- Pallas Health Research and Consultancy BV, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna van't Hoog
- Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Dept of Global Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jay K Varma
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA
| | | | | | | | - Diana Weil
- The Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karin Weyer
- The Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Robert John Wilkinson
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa Francis Crick Institute Mill Hill Laboratory, Dept of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Takashi Yoshiyama
- Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Mario Raviglione
- The Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Bissell K, Viney K, Brostrom R, Gounder S, Khogali M, Kishore K, Kool B, Kumar AMV, Manzi M, Marais B, Marks G, Linh NN, Ram S, Reid S, Roseveare C, Tayler-Smith K, Van den Bergh R, Harries AD. Building operational research capacity in the Pacific. Public Health Action 2015; 4:S2-S13. [PMID: 26477282 DOI: 10.5588/pha.13.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Operational research (OR) in public health aims to investigate strategies, interventions, tools or knowledge that can enhance the quality, coverage, effectiveness or performance of health systems. Attention has recently been drawn to the lack of OR capacity in public health programmes throughout the Pacific Islands, despite considerable investment in implementation. This lack of ongoing and critical reflection may prevent health programme staff from understanding why programme objectives are not being fully achieved, and hinder long-term gains in public health. The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union) has been collaborating with Pacific agencies to conduct OR courses based on the training model developed by The Union and Médecins Sans Frontières Brussels-Luxembourg in 2009. The first of these commenced in 2011 in collaboration with the Fiji National University, the Fiji Ministry of Health, the World Health Organization and other partners. The Union and the Secretariat of the Pacific Community organised a second course for participants from other Pacific Island countries and territories in 2012, and an additional course for Fijian participants commenced in 2013. Twelve participants enrolled in each of the three courses. Of the two courses completed by end 2013, 18 of 24 participants completed their OR and submitted papers by the course deadline, and 17 papers have been published to date. This article describes the context, process and outputs of the Pacific courses, as well as innovations, adaptations and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bissell
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union), Paris, France ; School of Population Health, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - K Viney
- Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - R Brostrom
- Division of TB Elimination, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - S Gounder
- National Tuberculosis Programme, Fiji Ministry of Health, Suva, Fiji
| | - M Khogali
- Operational Centre Brussels, Medical Department, Operational Research Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, MSF-Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - K Kishore
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji
| | - B Kool
- School of Population Health, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - A M V Kumar
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, South-East Asia Regional Office, New Delhi, India
| | - M Manzi
- Operational Centre Brussels, Medical Department, Operational Research Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, MSF-Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - B Marais
- Marie Bashir Institute for Emerging Infections and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - G Marks
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - N N Linh
- Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland ; Division of Pacific Technical Support, WHO Representative Office in the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
| | - S Ram
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji
| | - S Reid
- Australian Centre for International and Tropical Health, School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - C Roseveare
- Regional Public Health, Hutt Valley District Health Board, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
| | - K Tayler-Smith
- Operational Centre Brussels, Medical Department, Operational Research Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, MSF-Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - R Van den Bergh
- Operational Centre Brussels, Medical Department, Operational Research Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, MSF-Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - A D Harries
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union), Paris, France ; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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D'Amato G, Holgate ST, Pawankar R, Ledford DK, Cecchi L, Al-Ahmad M, Al-Enezi F, Al-Muhsen S, Ansotegui I, Baena-Cagnani CE, Baker DJ, Bayram H, Bergmann KC, Boulet LP, Buters JTM, D'Amato M, Dorsano S, Douwes J, Finlay SE, Garrasi D, Gómez M, Haahtela T, Halwani R, Hassani Y, Mahboub B, Marks G, Michelozzi P, Montagni M, Nunes C, Oh JJW, Popov TA, Portnoy J, Ridolo E, Rosário N, Rottem M, Sánchez-Borges M, Sibanda E, Sienra-Monge JJ, Vitale C, Annesi-Maesano I. Meteorological conditions, climate change, new emerging factors, and asthma and related allergic disorders. A statement of the World Allergy Organization. World Allergy Organ J 2015; 8:25. [PMID: 26207160 PMCID: PMC4499913 DOI: 10.1186/s40413-015-0073-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of allergic airway diseases such as asthma and rhinitis has increased dramatically to epidemic proportions worldwide. Besides air pollution from industry derived emissions and motor vehicles, the rising trend can only be explained by gross changes in the environments where we live. The world economy has been transformed over the last 25 years with developing countries being at the core of these changes. Around the planet, in both developed and developing countries, environments are undergoing profound changes. Many of these changes are considered to have negative effects on respiratory health and to enhance the frequency and severity of respiratory diseases such as asthma in the general population. Increased concentrations of greenhouse gases, and especially carbon dioxide (CO2), in the atmosphere have already warmed the planet substantially, causing more severe and prolonged heat waves, variability in temperature, increased air pollution, forest fires, droughts, and floods – all of which can put the respiratory health of the public at risk. These changes in climate and air quality have a measurable impact not only on the morbidity but also the mortality of patients with asthma and other respiratory diseases. The massive increase in emissions of air pollutants due to economic and industrial growth in the last century has made air quality an environmental problem of the first order in a large number of regions of the world. A body of evidence suggests that major changes to our world are occurring and involve the atmosphere and its associated climate. These changes, including global warming induced by human activity, have an impact on the biosphere, biodiversity, and the human environment. Mitigating this huge health impact and reversing the effects of these changes are major challenges. This statement of the World Allergy Organization (WAO) raises the importance of this health hazard and highlights the facts on climate-related health impacts, including: deaths and acute morbidity due to heat waves and extreme meteorological events; increased frequency of acute cardio-respiratory events due to higher concentrations of ground level ozone; changes in the frequency of respiratory diseases due to trans-boundary particle pollution; altered spatial and temporal distribution of allergens (pollens, molds, and mites); and some infectious disease vectors. According to this report, these impacts will not only affect those with current asthma but also increase the incidence and prevalence of allergic respiratory conditions and of asthma. The effects of climate change on respiratory allergy are still not well defined, and more studies addressing this topic are needed. Global warming is expected to affect the start, duration, and intensity of the pollen season on the one hand, and the rate of asthma exacerbations due to air pollution, respiratory infections, and/or cold air inhalation, and other conditions on the other hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro D'Amato
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Division of Pneumology and Allergology, High Specialty Hospital "A. Cardarelli" Napoli, Italy, University of Naples Medical School, Via Rione Sirignano, 10, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Stephen T Holgate
- Southampton General Hospital, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Ruby Pawankar
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dennis K Ledford
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Lorenzo Cecchi
- Interdepartmental Centre of Bioclimatology, University of Florence Allergy and Clinical Immunology Section, Azienda Sanitaria di Prato, Italy
| | - Mona Al-Ahmad
- Department of Allergy, Al-Rashid Center, Ministry of Health, Khobar, Kuwait
| | - Fatma Al-Enezi
- Al-Rashid Allergy and Respiratory Center, Khobar, Kuwait
| | - Saleh Al-Muhsen
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ignacio Ansotegui
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Hospital Quirón Bizkaia, Erandio, Spain
| | - Carlos E Baena-Cagnani
- Centre for Research in Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - David J Baker
- Emeritus Consultant Anaesthesiologist, SAMU de Paris, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Hasan Bayram
- Department of Chest Diseases, Respiratory Research Laboratory, Allergy Division, School of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, Şehitkamil/Gaziantep, 27310 Turkey
| | | | - Louis-Philippe Boulet
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, 2725 chemin Sainte-Foy, Quebec City, G1V 4G5 Canada
| | - Jeroen T M Buters
- ZAUM - Center of Allergy and Environment, Helmholtz Zentrum München/Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria D'Amato
- University of Naples, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Naples, Italy
| | - Sofia Dorsano
- World Allergy Organization, Milwaukee, Wisconsin United States
| | - Jeroen Douwes
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Elise Finlay
- Consultant in Emergency Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Donata Garrasi
- Development Assistance Committee, Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France
| | | | - Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O.Box 2925, Postal Code 11461 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youssouf Hassani
- Epidemiology of Respiratory and Allergic Disease Department, UMR-S, Institute Pierre Louis of Epidemiology and Public Health, INSERM Medical School Saint-Antoine, UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Basam Mahboub
- University of Sharjah, and, Rashid Hospital DHA, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Guy Marks
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, UNSW, Australia and Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paola Michelozzi
- Dipartimento Epidemiologia Regione Lazio, UOC Epidemiologia Ambientale, Roma, Italy
| | - Marcello Montagni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Carlos Nunes
- Center of Allergy of Algarve, Hospital Particular do Algarve, Particular do Algarve, Brasil
| | - Jay Jae-Won Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Todor A Popov
- Clinic of Allergy and Asthma, Medical University in Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jay Portnoy
- Children's Mercy Hospitals & Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri USA
| | - Erminia Ridolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Nelson Rosário
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Parana, Rua Tte. João Gomes da Silva 226, 80810-100 Curitiba, PR Brazil
| | - Menachem Rottem
- Allergy Asthma and Immunology, Emek Medical Center, Afula, and the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Elopy Sibanda
- Asthma, Allergy and Immune Dysfunction Clinic, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Juan José Sienra-Monge
- Allergy and Immunology Department, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, SSA, México City, Mexico
| | - Carolina Vitale
- University of Naples, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Naples, Italy
| | - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
- Epidemiology of Respiratory and Allergic Disease Department (EPAR), Institute Pierre Louis of Epidemiology and Public Health, UMR-S 1136, INSERM, Paris, France ; UPMC, Sorbonne Universités, Medical School Saint-Antoine, 803-804-806, 8 etage/Floor 27, Rue Chaligny, CEDEX 12, 75571 Paris, France
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Gupta RP, Perez-Padilla R, Marks G, Vollmer W, Menezes A, Burney P. Summarising published results from spirometric surveys of COPD: the problem of inconsistent definitions. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2015; 18:998-1003. [PMID: 25199020 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING The use of different spirometric definitions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has made an informative review of the available prevalence surveys impossible. OBJECTIVE To derive adjustment factors that allow the comparison of studies using different spirometric criteria. METHODS Pre- and post-bronchodilator one-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) values were taken from the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) survey in 16 centres. Using a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio less than the lower limit of normal (LLN) as our reference prevalence, we calculated simple multiplicative adjustments to transform other reported prevalence estimates to reference values. These adjustments were then tested on independent data sets from six further BOLD centres and five centres from the PLATINO study, a Latin American survey on obstructive lung disease. RESULTS Prevalence estimates based on pre-bronchodilator fixed-ratio measurements were 5-25% higher than reference values, and were strongly positively biased with age and prevalence level. Applying simple adjustments provided prevalence estimates that were almost unbiased and within 5% of the reference values. CONCLUSIONS Using the BOLD data, we have been able to estimate COPD prevalences based on post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < LLN by adjusting estimates based on other common definitions, enabling more meaningful comparisons of published findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Gupta
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - R Perez-Padilla
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - G Marks
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - W Vollmer
- Kaiser-Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - A Menezes
- Post-Graduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - P Burney
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
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Barraclough J, Skilton M, Nakhla S, Toelle B, Marks G, Celermajer D. Telomere length in early childhood predicts carotid intima-media thickness in adolescence - the CardioCAPS study. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cai Y, Cai X, Qasem A, Melki C, Butlin M, Ayer J, O’Meagher S, Toelle B, Marks G, Alvolio A, Celermajer D, Skilton M. Central blood pressure can be validly assessed from radial pulse waveforms in growing children – a longitudinal study. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Burney P, Jithoo A, Kato B, Janson C, Mannino D, Niżankowska-Mogilnicka E, Studnicka M, Tan W, Bateman E, Koçabas A, Vollmer WM, Gislason T, Marks G, Koul PA, Harrabi I, Gnatiuc L, Buist S. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mortality and prevalence: the associations with smoking and poverty--a BOLD analysis. Thorax 2014; 69:465-73. [PMID: 24353008 PMCID: PMC3995258 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a commonly reported cause of death and associated with smoking. However, COPD mortality is high in poor countries with low smoking rates. Spirometric restriction predicts mortality better than airflow obstruction, suggesting that the prevalence of restriction could explain mortality rates attributed to COPD. We have studied associations between mortality from COPD and low lung function, and between both lung function and death rates and cigarette consumption and gross national income per capita (GNI). METHODS National COPD mortality rates were regressed against the prevalence of airflow obstruction and spirometric restriction in 22 Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study sites and against GNI, and national smoking prevalence. The prevalence of airflow obstruction and spirometric restriction in the BOLD sites were regressed against GNI and mean pack years smoked. RESULTS National COPD mortality rates were more strongly associated with spirometric restriction in the BOLD sites (<60 years: men rs=0.73, p=0.0001; women rs=0.90, p<0.0001; 60+ years: men rs=0.63, p=0.0022; women rs=0.37, p=0.1) than obstruction (<60 years: men rs=0.28, p=0.20; women rs=0.17, p<0.46; 60+ years: men rs=0.28, p=0.23; women rs=0.22, p=0.33). Obstruction increased with mean pack years smoked, but COPD mortality fell with increased cigarette consumption and rose rapidly as GNI fell below US$15 000. Prevalence of restriction was not associated with smoking but also increased rapidly as GNI fell below US$15 000. CONCLUSIONS Smoking remains the single most important cause of obstruction but a high prevalence of restriction associated with poverty could explain the high 'COPD' mortality in poor countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Burney
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Anamika Jithoo
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Bernet Kato
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | - Michael Studnicka
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Wan Tan
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eric Bateman
- University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ali Koçabas
- Cukurova University School of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | | | | | - Guy Marks
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Parvaiz A Koul
- Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | | | - Louisa Gnatiuc
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Sonia Buist
- Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Burney P, Kato B, Janson C, Mannino D, Studnicka M, Tan W, Bateman E, Koçabas A, Vollmer WM, Gislason T, Marks G, Koul PA, Gnatiuc L, Buist S. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mortality and prevalence: the associations with smoking and poverty: a BOLD analysis--authors' reply. Thorax 2014; 69:869-70. [PMID: 24789424 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-205474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Burney
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Bernet Kato
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David Mannino
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Michael Studnicka
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Wan Tan
- James Hogg Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eric Bateman
- Division of Pulmonology, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ali Koçabas
- Department of Chest Diseases, Cukurova University School of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | | | | | - Guy Marks
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Parvaiz A Koul
- Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Louisa Gnatiuc
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Sonia Buist
- Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Zheng M, Allman-Farinelli M, Heitmann BL, Toelle B, Marks G, Cowell C, Rangan A. Liquid versus solid energy intake in relation to body composition among Australian children. J Hum Nutr Diet 2014; 28 Suppl 2:70-9. [PMID: 24548259 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The debate about whether energy consumed in liquid form is more obesogenic than energy consumed in solid form remains equivocal. We aimed to evaluate the effects of liquid versus solid energy intake and different beverage types on changes in childhood adiposity. METHODS Our analyses included 8-year-old Australian children (n = 158) participating in the Childhood Asthma Prevention Study. Dietary information was collected using three 24-h recalls at age 9 years. Multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate the effects of liquid versus solid energy intake and different beverage types on changes in body mass index (BMI) Z-score from ages 8 to 11.5 years (△BMIz(8-11.5y)) and percentage body fat (%BF) at age 11.5 years (%BF(11.5y)). Substitution models were used to evaluate the effects of substituting other beverage types for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). RESULTS Liquid energy intake (1 MJ day(-1)) was more closely associated with both △BMIz(8-11.5y) (β = 0.23, P = 0.02) and %BF(11.5y) (β = 2.31%, P = 0.01) than solid energy intake (△BMIz(8-11.5y): β = 0.12, P = 0.01 and %BF(11.5y): β = 0.80%, P = 0.07). SSB consumption (100 g day(-1)) was directly associated with △BMIz(8-11.5y) (β = 0.08, P = 0.02) and %BF(11.5y) (β = 0.92%, P = 0.004),whereas diet drinks (100 g day(-1) ) were inversely associated with △BMIz(8-11.5y) (β = 0.18, P = 0.02). Substitution of 100 g of SSB by 100 g of water or diet drink, but not other beverages, was inversely associated with both △BMIz(8-11.5y) and %BF(11.5y) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that liquid energy is more obesogenic than solid energy. In particular, SSB, but not other beverage types, are a significant predictor of childhood adiposity and replacing SSB with water can have long-term beneficial effects on childhood adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zheng
- School of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Cai Y, Qasem A, Skilton M, Ayer J, Butlin M, Avolio A, Celemajor D, Marks G. 2.4 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ADULT TRANSFER FUNCTION DERIVED CENTRAL AORTIC SYSTOLIC PRESSURE AND MEASURED SYSTOLIC PRESSURE IN THE HEALTHY CHILDREN POPULATION. Artery Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.artres.2014.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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DeNittis A, Marks J, Frenkel J, Zeger E, Marks G. Treatment of Distal Rectal Cancer With Preoperative Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) Combined With Chemotherapy and Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery: 5 Year Results of 12 Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Janson C, Marks G, Buist S, Gnatiuc L, Gislason T, McBurnie MA, Nielsen R, Studnicka M, Toelle B, Benediktsdottir B, Burney P. The impact of COPD on health status: findings from the BOLD study. Eur Respir J 2013; 42:1472-83. [PMID: 23722617 PMCID: PMC3844139 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00153712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on health status in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) populations. We conducted a cross-sectional, general population-based survey in 11 985 subjects from 17 countries. We measured spirometric lung function and assessed health status using the Short Form 12 questionnaire. The physical and mental health component scores were calculated. Subjects with COPD (post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity <0.70, n = 2269) had lower physical component scores (44±10 versus 48±10 units, p<0.0001) and mental health component scores (51±10 versus 52±10 units, p = 0.005) than subjects without COPD. The effect of reported heart disease, hypertension and diabetes on physical health component scores (-3 to -4 units) was considerably less than the effect of COPD Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease grade 3 (-8 units) or 4 (-11 units). Dyspnoea was the most important determinant of a low physical and mental health component scores. In addition, lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s, chronic cough, chronic phlegm and the presence of comorbidities were all associated with a lower physical health component score. COPD is associated with poorer health status but the effect is stronger on the physical than the mental aspects of health status. Severe COPD has a greater negative impact on health status than self-reported cardiovascular disease and diabetes. COPD is related to worse health status: impairment is greater than in self-reported cardiovascular diseases or diabeteshttp://ow.ly/p1cIx
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Affiliation(s)
- Christer Janson
- Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Sullivan T, Ayer J, Harmer J, Toelle B, Marks G, Celermajer D, Skilton M. Weight Gain in Infancy is a Sex-Specific Determinant of Arterial Adventitial Thickness in Later Childhood. Heart Lung Circ 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2013.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Marks G. The role of the Journal in fulfilling The Union's mission and pursuing its vision [Editorial]. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guy Marks
- Editor-in-Chief, Lung Disease, International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
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