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Kiper K, Mild B, Chen J, Yuan C, Wells EM, Zheng W, Freeman JL. Cerebral Vascular Toxicity after Developmental Exposure to Arsenic (As) and Lead (Pb) Mixtures. TOXICS 2024; 12:624. [PMID: 39330552 PMCID: PMC11435665 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12090624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) are environmental pollutants found in common sites linked to similar adverse health effects. This study determined driving factors of neurotoxicity on the developing cerebral vasculature with As and Pb mixture exposures. Cerebral vascular toxicity was evaluated at mixture concentrations of As and Pb representing human exposures levels (10 or 100 parts per billion; ppb; µg/L) in developing zebrafish by assessing behavior, morphology, and gene expression. In the visual motor response assay, hyperactivity was observed in all three outcomes in dark phases in larvae with exposure (1-120 h post fertilization, hpf) to 10 ppb As, 10 ppb Pb, or 10 ppb mix treatment. Time spent moving exhibited hyperactivity in dark phases for 100 ppb As and 100 ppb mix treatment groups only. A decreased brain length and ratio of brain length to total length in the 10 ppb mix group was measured with no alterations in other treatment groups or other endpoints (i.e., total larval length, head length, or head width). Alternatively, measurements of cerebral vasculature in the midbrain and cerebellum uncovered decreased total vascularization at 72 hpf in all treatment groups in the mesencephalon and in all treatment groups, except the 100 ppb Pb and 10 ppb As groups, in the cerebellum. In addition, decreased sprouting and branching occurred in the mesencephalon, while only decreased branching was measured in the cerebellum. The 10 ppb Pb group showed several cerebral vasculature modifications that were aligned with a specific gene expression alteration pattern different from other treatment groups. Additionally, the 100 ppb As group drove gene alterations, along with several other endpoints, for changes observed in the 100 ppb mix treatment group. Perturbations assessed in this study displayed non-linear concentration-responses, which are important to consider in environmental health outcomes for As and Pb neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keturah Kiper
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Breeann Mild
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jenny Chen
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Chongli Yuan
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Ellen M. Wells
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Živančević K, Baralić K, Vukelić D, Marić Đ, Kotur-Stevuljević J, Ivanišević J, Savić M, Batinić B, Janković R, Djordjevic AB, Miljaković EA, Ćurčić M, Bulat Z, Antonijević B, Đukić-Ćosić D. Neurotoxic effects of low dose ranges of environmental metal mixture in a rat model: The benchmark approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118680. [PMID: 38561120 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Metals exert detrimental effects on various systems within the body, including the nervous system. Nevertheless, the dose-response relationship concerning the administration of low doses of metal mixtures remains inadequately explored. The assessment of neurotoxic effects of lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic mixture (MIX) administered at low dose ranges, was conducted using an in vivo approach. A subacute study was conducted on a rat model consisting of a control and five treatment groups subjected to oral exposure with gradually increasing doses (from MIX 1 to MIX 5). The results indicated that behavioural patterns in an already developed nervous system displayed a reduced susceptibility to the metal mixture exposure with tendency of higher doses to alter short term memory. However, the vulnerability of the mature brain to even minimal amounts of the investigated metal mixture was evident, particularly in the context of oxidative stress. Moreover, the study highlights superoxide dismutase's sensitivity as an early-stage neurotoxicity marker, as indicated by dose-dependent induction of oxidative stress in the brain revealed through Benchmark analysis. The narrowest Benchmark Dose Interval (BMDI) for superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (1e-06 - 3.18e-05 mg As/kg b.w./day) indicates that arsenic may dictate the alterations in SOD activity when co-exposed with the other examined metals. The predicted Benchmark doses for oxidative stress parameters were very low, supporting "no-threshold" concept. Histopathological alterations were most severe in the groups treated with higher doses of metal mixture. Similarly, the brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease significant in higher doses, while BMDI suggested Cd as the main contributor in the examined metal mixture. These findings imply varying susceptibility of neurotoxic endpoints to different doses of environmentally relevant metal mixtures, advocating for risk assessment and regulatory measures to address metal pollution and enhance remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Živančević
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Toxicological Risk Assessment Center, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia; University of Belgrade - Faculty of Biology, Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry "Ivan Djaja", Department of General Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Laser Microscopy, Studentski trg 16, 11158, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Katarina Baralić
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Toxicological Risk Assessment Center, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Vukelić
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Toxicological Risk Assessment Center, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đurđica Marić
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Toxicological Risk Assessment Center, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Ivanišević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Savić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Batinić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Physiology, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Radmila Janković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, dr Subotića 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Toxicological Risk Assessment Center, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Evica Antonijević Miljaković
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Toxicological Risk Assessment Center, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marijana Ćurčić
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Toxicological Risk Assessment Center, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorica Bulat
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Toxicological Risk Assessment Center, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Antonijević
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Toxicological Risk Assessment Center, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Đukić-Ćosić
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Toxicological Risk Assessment Center, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
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Caetano ELA, Frattes CDC, Segato TCM, Leite FG, Pickler TB, de Oliveira Junior JM, Jozala AF, Grotto D. Protective effect of Agaricus bisporus mushroom against maternal and fetal damage induced by lead administration during pregnancy in rats. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:1424-1437. [PMID: 37421350 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lead (Pb) is a toxic pollutant, which can affect different tissues of the human body. The use of natural elements, as medicinal mushroom can reduce the toxic effects of Pb. OBJECTIVE We evaluated, through preclinical tests, the oral co exposures to mushroom Agaricus bisporus (Ab) by gavage and Pb in drinking water, and the capability of Ab be a protective agent for both pregnant rats and their fetuses. METHODS Female Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 5/group): Group I-Control; Group II-Ab 100 mg/kg; Group III-Pb 100 mg/L; Group IV-Ab +Pb -100 mg/kg +100 mg/L. Exposure was performed until the 19th day of gestation. On the 20th day, pregnant rats were euthanized, and the outcomes evaluated were weight gain; hematological profile; biochemical markers; oxidative stress markers; reproductive capacity; and embryo fetal development. RESULTS The characterization of mushrooms reveals them to be a valuable source of nutrients. However, Pb ingestion resulted in reduced weight gain and negative impacts on hematological and biochemical parameters. Fortunately, co administration of mushrooms helped to mitigate these negative effects and promote recovery. The mushroom also showed antioxidant activity, improving parameters of oxidative stress. In addition, Ab partially recovered the damage in fetal morphology and bone parameters. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that the co administration of Ab improved the toxicity caused by Pb, and the mushroom could be used as a natural alternative as a protective/chelator agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fernanda Gomes Leite
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Toxicologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Essential Trace Elements Prevent the Impairment in the Retention Memory, Cerebral Cortex, and Cerebellum Damage in Male Rats Exposed to Quaternary Metal Mixture by Up-regulation, of Heme Oxygynase-1 and Down-regulation of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2-NOs Signaling Pathways. Neuroscience 2023; 512:70-84. [PMID: 36646412 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we examined adverse effects of metals and metalloids in the Cerebral cortex (CC) and Cerebellum (CE). Group 1 comprised from the controls while other four groups of male Wistar rats were treated with following pattern: Group II (Heavy Metal Mixture HMM only: PbCl2, 20 mg·kg-1; CdCl2, 1.61 mg·kg-1; HgCl2, 0.40 mg·kg-1, and NaAsO3,10 mg·kg-1), Groups III (HMM + ZnCl2); Group IV (HMM + Na2SeO3) and Group V (HMM + ZnCl2 + Na2SeO3) for 60 days per os. HMM promoted oxidative stress in the CC and CE of treated rats compared to controls; moreover, exposure to HMM led to increased activity of the AChE and pro-inflammatory cytokines; also, HMM promoted accumulation of caspase 3 and other transcriptional factors such as Nrf2 and decreased levels of Hmox-1. Essential metals reduced increased bioaccumulation of Pb, Cd, As and Hg in CC and CE caused by HMM exposure. Also, all mentioned adverse effects were diminished by essential metals treatment (Se and Zn). HMM exposed rats had considerably less escape dormancy than controls. Histopathological analysis revealed moderate cell loss at the intermediate (Purkinje cell) and granular layer. Zinc and selenium supplementations could reverse adverse effects of heavy metals at various cellular levels in neurons.
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No association between prenatal lead exposure and neurodevelopment during early childhood in the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15305. [PMID: 36097036 PMCID: PMC9468004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19509-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with the relatively well-investigated effects of childhood exposure to lead on neurocognitive deficits, those of prenatal exposure remain relatively inconclusive. We aimed to investigate the association between prenatal blood lead levels and neurodevelopmental delay during the first three years of life. From a prospective cohort of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, we analyzed a total of 80,759 children. The exposure factors were prenatal lead concentrations measured from maternal whole blood in the second/third trimesters and umbilical cord blood at birth. Neurodevelopment was assessed at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months old using a screening tool, the Ages and Stages Questionnaires, third edition (ASQ). The outcome measures were any suspected neurodevelopmental delay (sNDD) identified via the ASQ during the first (sNDD-1Y), second (sNDD-2Y), and third (sNDD-3Y) years of life. sNDD-1Y, 2Y, and 3Y were identified in 18.0%, 16.2%, and 17.2% of children, respectively. The geometric means of blood lead concentration in this study were much lower (0.62 μg/dL in maternal blood and 0.50 μg/dL in cord blood) than previously investigated levels. Multivariable regression models revealed that there were no associations between maternal blood lead and sNDD-1Y and 2Y and between cord blood lead and sNDD-1Y, 2Y, and 3Y. Although a higher maternal blood lead was associated with a reduced risk of sNDD-3Y (adjusted relative risk: 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.75–0.94, per 1 increase in common logarithm of lead concentration), there were no dose–response relationships in the analysis using quintiles of lead concentrations. Using a large-scale data set, the present study demonstrated no convincing evidence for an inverse association between levels of prenatal blood lead and neurodevelopment in early childhood. Longitudinal measurements of prenatal and postnatal lead levels are needed to understand the relationship between lead exposure and neurocognitive development.
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Dinçkol Ö, Fuentes B, Tartaglione AM, Pino A, Calamandrei G, Ricceri L. Low-Level Lead Exposure During Development Differentially Affects Neurobehavioral responses in Male and Female Mouse Offspring: A Longitudinal Study. Neurotoxicology 2022; 91:188-199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Bandaru LJM, Ayyalasomayajula N, Murumulla L, Challa S. Mechanisms associated with the dysregulation of mitochondrial function due to lead exposure and possible implications on the development of Alzheimer's disease. Biometals 2022; 35:1-25. [PMID: 35048237 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-021-00360-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a multimedia contaminant with various pathophysiological consequences, including cognitive decline and neural abnormalities. Recent findings have reported an association of Pb toxicity with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies have revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction is a pathological characteristic of AD. According to toxicology reports, Pb promotes mitochondrial oxidative stress by lowering complex III activity in the electron transport chain, boosting reactive oxygen species formation, and reducing the cell's antioxidant defence system. Here, we review recent advances in the role of mitochondria in Pb-induced AD pathology, as well as the mechanisms associated with the mitochondrial dysfunction, such as the depolarisation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening; mitochondrial biogenesis, bioenergetics and mitochondrial dynamics alterations; and mitophagy and apoptosis. We also discuss possible therapeutic options for mitochondrial-targeted neurodegenerative disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Jaya Madhuri Bandaru
- Department of Cell Biology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Neelima Ayyalasomayajula
- Department of Cell Biology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Lokesh Murumulla
- Department of Cell Biology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Suresh Challa
- Department of Cell Biology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.
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Evaluation of Analytes Characterized with Potential Protective Action after Rat Exposure to Lead. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082163. [PMID: 33918725 PMCID: PMC8069014 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) was revealed for its role as a neurodevelopmental toxin. The determination of neurotransmitters (NTs) in particular brain regions could ameliorate the precise description and optimization of therapeutic protocols able to restore the harmony of signaling pathways in nervous and immune systems. The determination of selected analytes from the group of NTs based on the liquid chromatography (LC)-based method was carried out to illustrate the changes of amino acid (AA) and biogenic amine (BA) profiles observed in chosen immune and nervous systems rat tissues after Pb intoxication. Also, a protective combination of AA was proposed to correct the changes caused by Pb intoxication. After the administration of Pb, changes were observed in all organs studied and were characterized by a fluctuation of NT concentrations in immune and nervous systems (hypothalamus samples). Using a protective mixture of bioactive compounds prevented numerous changes in the balance of NT. The combined analysis of the immune and nervous system while the normalizing effect of curative agents on the level of differentially secreted NTs and AA is studied could present a new approach to the harmonization of those two essential systems after Pb intoxication.
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Vorhees CV, Williams MT, Hawkey AB, Levin ED. Translating Neurobehavioral Toxicity Across Species From Zebrafish to Rats to Humans: Implications for Risk Assessment. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2021; 3:629229. [PMID: 35295117 PMCID: PMC8915800 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.629229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a spectrum of approaches to neurotoxicological science from high-throughput in vitro cell-based assays, through a variety of experimental animal models to human epidemiological and clinical studies. Each level of analysis has its own advantages and limitations. Experimental animal models give essential information for neurobehavioral toxicology, providing cause-and-effect information regarding risks of neurobehavioral dysfunction caused by toxicant exposure. Human epidemiological and clinical studies give the closest information to characterizing human risk, but without randomized treatment of subjects to different toxicant doses can only give information about association between toxicant exposure and neurobehavioral impairment. In vitro methods give much needed high throughput for many chemicals and mixtures but cannot provide information about toxicant impacts on behavioral function. Crucial to the utility of experimental animal model studies is cross-species translation. This is vital for both risk assessment and mechanistic determination. Interspecies extrapolation is important to characterize from experimental animal models to humans and between different experimental animal models. This article reviews the literature concerning extrapolation of neurobehavioral toxicology from established rat models to humans and from zebrafish a newer experimental model to rats. The functions covered include locomotor activity, emotion, and cognition and the neurotoxicants covered include pesticides, metals, drugs of abuse, flame retardants and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. With more complete understanding of the strengths and limitations of interspecies translation, we can better use animal models to protect humans from neurobehavioral toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles V. Vorhees
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Michael T. Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Andrew B. Hawkey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Edward D. Levin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
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Neurobehavioral effects of acute and chronic lead exposure in a desert rodent Meriones shawi: Involvement of serotonin and dopamine. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 102:101689. [PMID: 31580902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2019.101689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a non physiological metal that has been implicated in toxic processes affecting several organs and biological systems, including the central nervous system. Several studies have focused on changes in lead-associated neurobehavioral and neurochemical alterations that occur due to Pb exposure. The present study evaluates the effects of acute and chronic Pb acetate exposure on serotoninergic and dopaminergic systems within the dorsal raphe nucleus, regarding motor activity and anxiety behaviours. Experiments were carried out on adult male Meriones shawi exposed to acute lead acetate intoxication (25 mg/kg b.w., 3 i.p. injections) or to a chronic lead exposure (0,5%) in drinking water from intrauterine age to adult age. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that both acute and chronic lead exposure increased anti-serotonin (anti-5HT) and tyrosine hydroxylase (anti-TH) immuno-reactivities in the dorsal raphe nucleus. In parallel, our results demonstrated that a long term Pb-exposure, but not an acute lead intoxication, induced behavioural alterations including, hyperactivity (open field test), and anxiogenic like-effects. Such neurobehavioral impairments induced by Pb-exposure in Meriones shawi may be related to dopaminergic and serotoninergic injuries identified in the dorsal raphe nucleus.
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Taylor CM, Doerner R, Northstone K, Kordas K. Dietary Patterns Are Not Consistently Associated with Variability in Blood Lead Concentrations in Pregnant British Women. J Nutr 2019; 149:1027-1036. [PMID: 31149708 PMCID: PMC6543203 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During pregnancy lead crosses the placenta freely and can have adverse effects on the fetus, with the potential for lifelong impact on the child. Identification of dietary patterns and food groups in relation to measures of lead status could provide a more useful alternative to nutrient-specific advice to minimize fetal lead exposure. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate whether dietary patterns and food groups are associated with blood lead concentration (B-Pb) in pregnancy. DESIGN Whole blood samples were collected at a median of 11 wk gestation (IQR 9-13 wk) from women enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children birth cohort study, and analyzed for lead. Dietary pattern scores were derived from principal components analysis of a food-frequency questionnaire (32 wk gestation). Associations of dietary pattern scores (quartiles), and of food groups (frequency of consumption), with the likelihood of B-Pb ≥5 µg/dL identified with adjusted logistic regression (n = 2167 complete cases). RESULTS There was a negative association between the "confectionery" dietary pattern and the likelihood of B-Pb ≥5 µg/dL (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.94) in an adjusted model. There were no associations with other dietary patterns. There was a positive association between the food group "all leafy green and green vegetables" and the likelihood of B-Pb ≥5 µg/dL (OR 1.45; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.01). Conversely, the food group "cakes and biscuits" was negatively associated (OR 0.63; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.93). After multiple imputation, there was a positive association of the "healthy" diet pattern and no association of the "confectionery" pattern. CONCLUSIONS We found limited evidence of an association between women's typical diet and B-Pb during pregnancy. Our findings do not indicate need to revise dietary guidance for pregnant women, who are advised to adopt a healthy diet in pregnancy, with a variety of foods consumed in moderation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M Taylor
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK
| | - Rita Doerner
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK
| | | | - Katarzyna Kordas
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
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Tamegart L, Abbaoui A, El Khiat A, Bouyatas MM, Gamrani H. Altered nigrostriatal dopaminergic and noradrenergic system prompted by systemic lead toxicity versus a treatment by curcumin-III in the desert rodent Meriones shawi. C R Biol 2019; 342:192-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Enhanced remedial effects for vitamin D3 and calcium co-supplementation against pre-existing lead nephrotoxicity in mice: The roles of renal calcium homeostatic molecules. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:512-524. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Tamegart L, Abbaoui A, Makbal R, Zroudi M, Bouizgarne B, Bouyatas MM, Gamrani H. Crocus sativus restores dopaminergic and noradrenergic damages induced by lead in Meriones shawi: A possible link with Parkinson's disease. Acta Histochem 2019; 121:171-181. [PMID: 30573341 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a metal element released into the atmosphere and a major source of environmental contamination. The accumulation and concentration of this metal in a food web may lead to the intoxication of the body, more precisely, the nervous system (NS). In addition, Pb-exposure can cause structural and functional disruption of the NS. Studies have shown that Pb-exposure could be a risk factor in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). The latter is related to dopaminergic deficiency that may be triggered by genetic and environmental factors such as Pb intoxication. In this study, we have evaluated, in one hand, the neurotoxic effect of Pb (25 mg / kg B.W i.p) for three consecutive days on dopaminergic system and locomotor performance in Merione shawi. In the other hand, the possible restorative potential of C. sativus (CS) (50 mg / kg BW) by oral gavage. The immunohistochemical approach has revealed that Pb-intoxicated Meriones show a significant increase of Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) levels within the Substantia Nigra compacta (SNc), Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA), Locus Coeruleus (LC), Dorsal Striatum (DS) and Medial Forebrain Bundle (MFB), unlike the control meriones, a group intoxicated and treated with Crocus sativus hydroethanolic extract (CSHEE) and treated group by CSHEE. Treatment with CSHEE, has shown a real potential to prevent all Pb-induced damages. In fact, restores the TH levels by 92%, 90%, 88%, 90% and 93% in SNc, VTA, LC, DS and MFB respectively, similarly, locomotor activity dysfunction in Pb-intoxicaed meriones was reinstated by 90%. In this study, we have revealed a new pharmacological potential of Crocus sativus that can be used as a neuroprotective product for neurodegenerative disorders, especially, which implying dopaminergic and noradrenergic injuries, like PD, trigged by heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lahcen Tamegart
- Cadi Ayyad University, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Environment Unit, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Abdellatif Abbaoui
- Cadi Ayyad University, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Environment Unit, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Rachida Makbal
- Cadi Ayyad University, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Zroudi
- Cadi Ayyad University, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Environment Unit, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Brahim Bouizgarne
- Ibn Zohr University, Faculty of Sciences, Plant and Soil microbiology, Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Morocco
| | - My Mustapha Bouyatas
- Cadi Ayyad University, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Environment Unit, Marrakesh, Morocco; Cadi Ayyad University, Multidisciplinary Faculty of Safi, Department of Biology, Morocco
| | - Halima Gamrani
- Cadi Ayyad University, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Environment Unit, Marrakesh, Morocco.
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15
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Saritha S, Davuljigari CB, Kumar KP, Reddy GR. Effects of combined arsenic and lead exposure on the brain monoaminergic system and behavioral functions in rats: Reversal effect of MiADMSA. Toxicol Ind Health 2018; 35:89-108. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233718814990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of monoisoamyldimercaptosuccinic acid (MiADMSA) against individual and combined effects of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) on the monoaminergic system and behavioral functions in rats. Pregnant rats were exposed to sodium metaarsenite (50 ppm) and lead acetate (0.2%) individually and in combination (As = 25 ppm + Pb = 0.1%) via drinking water from gestation day (GD) 6 to postnatal day (PND) 21. MiADMSA (50 mg/kg body weight) was given orally through gavage for 3 consecutive days to pups from PND 18 to PND 20. The results showed increases in synaptosomal epinephrine, dopamine, and norepinephrine levels with individual metal exposures and decreases with combined exposure to As and Pb in the cortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus in PND 21, PND 28, and 3 months age-group rats. We found decreased activity of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase in the selected brain regions following individual and combined exposures to Pb and As. In addition, rats treated with Pb and As alone or in combination showed significant deficits in open-field behavior, grip strength, locomotor activity, and exploratory behavior at PND 28 and 3 months of age. However, MiADMSA administration showed reversal effects against the As- and/or Pb-induced impairments in the monoaminergic system as well as in behavioral functions of rats. Our data demonstrated that the mixture of Pb and As induced synergistic toxicity to developing brain leading to impairments in neurobehavioral functions and also suggest therapeutic efficacy of MiADMSA against Pb- and/or As-induced developmental neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saritha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - K Praveen Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - G Rajrami Reddy
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
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16
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Polanska K, Hanke W, Pawlas N, Wesolowska E, Jankowska A, Jagodic M, Mazej D, Dominowska J, Grzesiak M, Mirabella F, Chiarotti F, Calamandrei G. Sex-Dependent Impact of Low-Level Lead Exposure during Prenatal Period on Child Psychomotor Functions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102263. [PMID: 30332762 PMCID: PMC6210236 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The impact of exposure to lead on child neurodevelopment has been well established. However, sex differences in vulnerability are still not fully explained. We aimed at evaluating the effect of a low-level lead exposure, as measured between 20 to 24 weeks of pregnancy and in cord blood, on developmental scores up to 24 months of age in 402 children from the Polish Mother and Child Cohort (REPRO_PL). Additionally, sex-dependent susceptibility to lead at this very early stage of psychomotor development was assessed. The blood lead levels were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In order to estimate the children’s neurodevelopment, the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development was applied. The geometric mean (GM) for blood lead level during 20–24 weeks of pregnancy was 0.99 ± 0.15 µg/dL and, in the cord blood, it was 0.96 ± 0.16 µg/dL. There was no statistically significant impact of lead exposure during prenatal period on the girls’ psychomotor abilities. Among the boys, we observed lower scores for cognitive functions, along with increasing cord blood lead levels (β = −2.07; p = 0.04), whereas the results for the language and motor abilities were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Our findings show that fetal exposure to very low lead levels might affect early cognitive domain, with boys being more susceptible than girls. Education on health, higher public awareness, as well as intervention programs, along with relevant regulations, are still needed to reduce risks for the vulnerable population subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Polanska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Hanke
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Natalia Pawlas
- Chair and Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, School of Medicine with Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, 41 808 Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Wesolowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Jankowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Marta Jagodic
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Darja Mazej
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Jolanta Dominowska
- Department of Teaching Midwifery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Grzesiak
- Obstetrics, Perinatology and Gynecology Department, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Fiorino Mirabella
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Flavia Chiarotti
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Gemma Calamandrei
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
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17
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Zhou CC, Gao ZY, Wang J, Wu MQ, Hu S, Chen F, Liu JX, Pan H, Yan CH. Lead exposure induces Alzheimers’s disease (AD)-like pathology and disturbes cholesterol metabolism in the young rat brain. Toxicol Lett 2018; 296:173-183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Continuous Exposure to Inorganic Mercury Affects Neurobehavioral and Physiological Parameters in Mice. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 66:291-305. [PMID: 30251082 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Contamination with mercury is a real health issue for humans with physiological consequences. The main objective of the present study was to assess the neurotoxicological effect of inorganic mercury: HgCl2. For this, adult mice were exposed prenatally, postnatally, and during the adult period to a low level of the metal, and their behavior and antioxidant status were analyzed. First, we showed that mercury concentrations in brain tissue of treated animals showed significant bioaccumulation, which resulted in behavioral deficits in adult mice. Thus, the treated mice developed an anxiogenic state, as evidenced by open field and elevated plus maze tests. This anxiety-like behavior was accompanied by a decrease in social behavior. Furthermore, an impairment of memory in these treated mice was detected in the object recognition and Y-maze tests. The enzymatic activity of the antioxidant system was assessed in eight brain structures, including the cerebral cortex, olfactory bulb, hippocampus, hypothalamus, mesencephalon, pons, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata. The results show that chronic exposure to HgCl2 caused alterations in the activity of catalase, thioredoxin reductase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione S-transferase, accompanied by peroxidation of membrane lipids, indicating a disturbance in intracellular redox homeostasis with subsequent increased intracellular oxidative stress. These changes in oxidative stress were concomitant with a redistribution of essential heavy metals, i.e., iron, copper, zinc, and magnesium, in the brain as a possible response to homeostatic dysfunction following chronic exposure. The alterations observed in overall oxidative stress could constitute the basis of the anxiety-like state and the neurocognitive disorders observed.
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Lin CH, Hsu YT, Yen CC, Chen HH, Tseng CJ, Lo YK, Chan JYH. Association between heavy metal levels and acute ischemic stroke. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:49. [PMID: 29801491 PMCID: PMC5970463 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0446-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies have examined the relationship between the amounts of heavy metal and stroke incidence. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between levels of heavy metals, including Pb, Hg, As, and Cd, in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods We selected patients with first-ever AIS onset within 1 week as our study group. Healthy controls were participants without a history of stroke or chronic disease, except hypertension. The serum levels of Pb, Hg, As, and Cd in participants in the experimental and control groups were determined. All participants received a 1-g infusion of edetate calcium disodium (EDTA). Urine specimens were collected for 24 h after EDTA infusion and measured for heavy metal levels. Results In total, 33 patients with AIS and 39 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The major findings were as follows: (1) The stroke group had a significantly lower level of serum Hg (6.4 ± 4.3 μg/L vs. 9.8 ± 7.0 μg/L, P = 0.032, OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.81–0.99) and a lower level of urine Hg (0.7 ± 0.7 μg/L vs. 1.2 ± 0.6 μg/L, P = 0.006, OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.11–0.68) than the control group. (2) No significant difference in serum Pb (S-Pb), As (S-As), and Cd (S-Cd) levels and urine Pb (U-Pb), As (U-As) and Cd (U-Cd) levels was observed in either group. Conclusions Our study found low levels of serum and urine Hg in first-ever patients with AIS, providing new evidence of dysregulated heavy metals in patients with AIS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12929-018-0446-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Huang Lin
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yet-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Section of Neurology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Hsu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yet-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Section of Neurology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chung Yen
- Section of Neurology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hung Chen
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Jiunn Tseng
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuk-Keung Lo
- Section of Neurology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Julie Y H Chan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yet-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.
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20
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Lead Affects Vitamin D Metabolism in Rats. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10030264. [PMID: 29495376 PMCID: PMC5872682 DOI: 10.3390/nu10030264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A negative association between blood lead and vitamin D concentrations has been reported, however, experimental data on the effect of lead (Pb) on vitamin D metabolism is scarce. We investigated the effects of Pb on serum vitamin D metabolites, vitamin D activating enzymes and vitamin D receptor (VDR) in rats. Newborn Wistar rat pups were exposed to 0.2% Pb-acetate via their dams’ drinking water from post-natal day (PND) 1 to 21 and directly in drinking water until PND30. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was analyzed with LC-MS/MS and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D with an immunoassay. Tissue expression of vitamin D activating enzymes and VDR were measured by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was significantly decreased at both PND21 and PND30, whereas 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D was decreased (p < 0.05) only at PND21 in the Pb-exposed rats. Expression of renal 1-α-hydroxylase was decreased by Pb only at PND21 (p < 0.05) but the brain 1-α-hydroxylase was not affected. Hepatic 25-hydroxylase expression was significantly decreased at PND21 but significantly increased at PND30 by Pb exposure. VDR expression in the brain was increased at both PND21 and PND30 (p < 0.05). These results suggest that Pb interferes with vitamin D metabolism by affecting the expression of its metabolizing enzymes.
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21
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Glycogen metabolism in brain and neurons - astrocytes metabolic cooperation can be altered by pre- and neonatal lead (Pb) exposure. Toxicology 2017; 390:146-158. [PMID: 28916327 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is an environmental neurotoxin which particularly affects the developing brain but the molecular mechanism of its neurotoxicity still needs clarification. The aim of this paper was to examine whether pre- and neonatal exposure to Pb (concentration of Pb in rat offspring blood below the "threshold level") may affect the brain's energy metabolism in neurons and astrocytes via the amount of available glycogen. We investigated the glycogen concentration in the brain, as well as the expression of the key enzymes involved in glycogen metabolism in brain: glycogen synthase 1 (Gys1), glycogen phosphorylase (PYGM, an isoform active in astrocytes; and PYGB, an isoform active in neurons) and phosphorylase kinase β (PHKB). Moreover, the expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) was evaluated to analyze whether Pb poisoning during the early phase of life may affect the neuron-astrocytes' metabolic cooperation. This work shows for the first time that exposure to Pb in early life can impair brain energy metabolism by reducing the amount of glycogen and decreasing the rate of its metabolism. This reduction in brain glycogen level was accompanied by a decrease in Gys1 expression. We noted a reduction in the immunoreactivity and the gene expression of both PYGB and PYGM isoform, as well as an increase in the expression of PHKB in Pb-treated rats. Moreover, exposure to Pb induced decrease in connexin 43 immunoexpression in all the brain structures analyzed, both in astrocytes as well as in neurons. Our data suggests that exposure to Pb in the pre- and neonatal periods results in a decrease in the level of brain glycogen and a reduction in the rate of its metabolism, thereby reducing glucose availability, which as a further consequence may lead to the impairment of brain energy metabolism and the metabolic cooperation between neurons and astrocytes.
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22
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Taylor CM, Kordas K, Golding J, Emond AM. Effects of low-level prenatal lead exposure on child IQ at 4 and 8 years in a UK birth cohort study. Neurotoxicology 2017; 62:162-169. [PMID: 28687448 PMCID: PMC5630203 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The association between prenatal exposure to lead and deficits in offspring cognitive function is not well established. Our aim was to evaluate the association between prenatal lead exposure and child IQ at age 4 and 8 years in an observational birth cohort study. There was no association of prenatal lead exposure with child IQ at either 4 or 8 years old. There was a suggestion, however, that boys are more susceptible than girls to prenatal exposure to lead.
Background The association between childhood exposure to lead (Pb) and deficits in cognitive function is well established. The association with prenatal exposure, however, is not well understood, even though the potential adverse effects are equally important. Objectives To evaluate the association between low prenatal exposure to lead and IQ in children, to determine whether there were sex differences in the associations, and to evaluate the moderation effect of prenatal Pb exposure on child IQ. Methods Whole blood samples from pregnant women enrolled in ALSPAC (n = 4285) and from offspring at age 30 months (n = 235) were analysed for Pb. Associations between prenatal blood lead concentrations (B-Pb) and child IQ at age 4 and 8 years (WPPSI and WISC-III, respectively) were examined in adjusted regression models. Results There was no association of prenatal lead exposure with child IQ at 4 or 8 years old in adjusted regression models, and no moderation of the association between child B-Pb and IQ. However, there was a positive association for IQ at age 8 years in girls with a predicted increase in IQ (points) per 1 μg/dl of: verbal 0.71, performance 0.57, total 0.73. In boys, the coefficients tended to be negative (−0.15, −0.42 and −0.29 points, respectively). Conclusion Prenatal lead exposure was not associated with adverse effects on child IQ at age 4 or 8 years in this study. There was, however, some evidence to suggest that boys are more susceptible than girls to prenatal exposure to lead. Further investigation in other cohorts is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M Taylor
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, UK.
| | - Katarzyna Kordas
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jean Golding
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, UK
| | - Alan M Emond
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, UK
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23
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Benammi H, Erazi H, El Hiba O, Vinay L, Bras H, Viemari JC, Gamrani H. Disturbed sensorimotor and electrophysiological patterns in lead intoxicated rats during development are restored by curcumin I. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172715. [PMID: 28267745 PMCID: PMC5340392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead poisoning is one of the most significant health problem of environmental origin. It is known to cause different damages in the central and peripheral nervous system which could be represented by several neurophysiological and behavioral symptoms. In this study we firstly investigated the effect of lead prenatal exposure in rats to (3g/L), from neonatal to young age, on the motor/sensory performances, excitability of the spinal cord and gaits during development. Then we evaluated neuroprotective effects of curcumin I (Cur I) against lead neurotoxicity, by means of grasping and cliff avoidance tests to reveal the impairment of the sensorimotor functions in neonatal rats exposed prenatally to lead. In addition, extracellular recordings of motor output in spinal cord revealed an hyper-excitability of spinal networks in lead treated rats. The frequency of induced fictive locomotion was also increased in treated rats. At the young age, rats exhibited an impaired locomotor gait. All those abnormalities were attenuated by Cur I treatment at a dose of 16g/kg. Based on our finding, Cur I has shown features of a potent chemical compound able to restore the neuronal and the relative locomotor behaviors disturbances induced by lead intoxication. Therefore, this chemical can be recommended as a new therapeutic trial against lead induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind Benammi
- Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Environment Team, faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Hasna Erazi
- Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Environment Team, faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Omar El Hiba
- Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Environment Team, faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
- Department of Biology, faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, EL Jadida, Morocco
| | - Laurent Vinay
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7289, CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Hélène Bras
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7289, CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Charles Viemari
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7289, CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
- * E-mail: (HG); (JCV)
| | - Halima Gamrani
- Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Environment Team, faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
- * E-mail: (HG); (JCV)
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