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Kadieva D, Ulanov M, Shestakova A, Agranovich O, Blank IB, Gallo F. Neurostructural Consequences of Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy in Childhood. Neurosci Insights 2024; 19:26331055241278950. [PMID: 39280332 PMCID: PMC11393803 DOI: 10.1177/26331055241278950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP) is a condition impairing limb function caused by birth injury. In 20 to 30% of cases, severe OBPP can cause life constraints in feeding, grooming, and clothing tasks. Objective The present study, using voxel- and surface-based morphometry (VBM and SBM), examined the brain structure of pediatric OBPP patients to better understand the effects of this peripheral motor deficit on early brain development. Methods Thirty-six T1-weighted images of 18 patients (2-17 years old, mean age = 11.3, 8 females) and 18 healthy controls (2-17 years old, mean age = 10.1, 8 females) were collected for this study. MRI data were processed and analyzed using the Statistical Parametric Mapping 12 (SPM12) toolbox. The custom pediatric tissue probability map was created with the CerebroMatic (COM) toolbox. The results were considered significant if they survived whole-brain family-wise error correction (P < .05). Results We have found differences in grey matter volumes in the bilateral anterior hippocampus (left P < .001 and right P = .01) and left cerebellum exterior (Crus I) (P < .001). We have also found differences in cortical thickness in the bilateral parahippocampal gyri (left P = .001 and right P = .005) and right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) (P < .001). Conclusions These structural differences might be linked to the altered environmental adaptation that children with OBPP face due to their primary motor deficit. Our findings hint at a complex interplay between motor capabilities, brain structure development, and cognitive functions. However, more research combining neuroimaging, behavioral, cognitive, and clinical data is needed to support stronger conclusions on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dzerassa Kadieva
- Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Maxim Ulanov
- Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Shestakova
- Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Agranovich
- Federal State Budgetary Institution the Turner Scientific Research Institute for Children's Orthopedics under the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Isak B Blank
- Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Federico Gallo
- Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Ren H, Li Z, Li J, Zhou J, He Y, Li C, Wang Q, Chen X, Tang J. Correlation Between Cortical Thickness Abnormalities of the Olfactory Sulcus and Olfactory Identification Disorder and Persistent Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Chinese Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2024; 50:1232-1242. [PMID: 38577952 PMCID: PMC11349016 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Persistent auditory verbal hallucinations (pAVHs) and olfactory identification impairment are common in schizophrenia (SCZ), but the neuroimaging mechanisms underlying both pAVHs and olfactory identification impairment are unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether pAVHs and olfactory identification impairment in SCZ patients are associated with changes in cortical thickness. STUDY DESIGN In this study, cortical thickness was investigated in 78 SCZ patients with pAVHs (pAVH group), 58 SCZ patients without AVHs (non-AVH group), and 83 healthy controls (HC group) using 3T magnetic resonance imaging. The severity of pAVHs was assessed by the Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale. Olfactory identification deficits were assessed using the Odor Stick Identification Test for Japanese (OSIT-J). In addition, the relationship between the severity of pAVHs and olfactory identification disorder and cortical thickness abnormalities was determined. STUDY RESULTS Significant reductions in cortical thickness were observed in the right medial orbital sulcus (olfactory sulcus) and right orbital sulcus (H-shaped sulcus) in the pAVH group compared to both the non-AVH and HC groups (P < .003, Bonferroni correction). Furthermore, the severity of pAVHs was found to be negatively correlated with the reduction in cortical thickness in the olfactory sulcus and H-shaped sulcus. Additionally, a decrease in cortical thickness in the olfactory sulcus showed a positive correlation with the OSIT-J scores (P < .05, false discovery rate correction). CONCLUSIONS Cortical thickness abnormalities in the olfactory sulcus may be a common neuroimaging mechanism for pAVHs and olfactory identification deficits in SCZ patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Ren
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zongchang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinguang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chunwang Li
- Department of Radiology, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Wang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinsong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hunan Provincial Brain Hospital (The second people's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, China
- Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, China
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Yang Y, Fu S, Jiang G, Xu G, Tian J, Ma X. Functional connectivity changes of the hippocampal subregions in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis. Brain Imaging Behav 2024; 18:686-697. [PMID: 38363500 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-024-00852-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The hippocampus plays an important role in the pathophysiological mechanism of Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis. Nevertheless, the connection between the resting-state activity of the hippocampal subregions and neuropsychiatric disorders in patients remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the changes in functional connectivity (FC) in the hippocampal subregions of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and its association with clinical symptoms and cognitive performance. Twenty-three patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and 23 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. All participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans and completed clinical cognitive scales. Based on the Brainnetome Atlas, the rostral (anterior) and caudal (posterior) hippocampi of both the left and right hemispheres were selected as regions of interest (ROIs) for FC analysis. First, a one-sample t-test was used to observe the whole-brain connectivity distribution of hippocampal subregions within the patient and HC groups at a threshold of p < 0.05. The two-sample t-test was used to compare the differences in hippocampal ROIs connectivity between groups, followed by a partial correlation analysis between the FC values of brain regions with statistical differences and clinical variables. This study observed that the distribution of whole-brain functional connectivity in the rostral and caudal hippocampi aligned with the connectivity differences between the anterior and posterior hippocampi. Compared to the HC group, the patients showed significantly decreased FC between the bilateral rostral hippocampus and the left inferior orbitofrontal gyrus and between the right rostral hippocampus and the right cerebellum. However, a significant increase in FC was observed between the right rostral hippocampus and left superior temporal gyrus, the left caudal hippocampus and right superior frontal gyrus, and the right caudal hippocampus and left gyrus rectus. Partial correlation analysis showed that FC between the left inferior orbitofrontal gyrus and the right rostral hippocampus was significantly negatively correlated with the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test (BVMT) scores. The FC between the right rostral hippocampus and the left superior temporal gyrus was negatively correlated with BVMT scores. FC abnormalities in the hippocampal subregions of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were associated with cognitive impairment, emotional changes, and seizures. These results may help explain the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical manifestations of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and NMDAR dysfunction-related diseases such as schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Yang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medial University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong province, PR China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Road Xingang, Guangzhou, 510317, P. R. China
| | - Shishun Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Road Xingang, Guangzhou, 510317, P. R. China
| | - Guihua Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Road Xingang, Guangzhou, 510317, P. R. China
| | - Guang Xu
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No.466 Road Xingang, Guangzhou, 510317, P. R. China
| | - Junzhang Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Road Xingang, Guangzhou, 510317, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaofen Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Road Xingang, Guangzhou, 510317, P. R. China.
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Wei M, Yang L, Su F, Liu Y, Zhao X, Luo L, Sun X, Liu S, Dong Z, Zhang Y, Shi YS, Liang J, Zhang C. ABHD6 drives endocytosis of AMPA receptors to regulate synaptic plasticity and learning flexibility. Prog Neurobiol 2024; 233:102559. [PMID: 38159878 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Trafficking of α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptors (AMPARs), mediated by AMPAR interacting proteins, enabled neurons to maintain tuning capabilities at rest or active state. α/β-Hydrolase domain-containing 6 (ABHD6), an endocannabinoid hydrolase, was an AMPAR auxiliary subunit found to negatively regulate the surface delivery of AMPARs. While ABHD6 was found to prevent AMPAR tetramerization in endoplasmic reticulum, ABHD6 was also reported to localize at postsynaptic site. Yet, the role of ABHD6 interacting with AMPAR at postsynaptic site, and the physiological significance of ABHD6 regulating AMPAR trafficking remains elusive. Here, we generated the ABHD6 knockout (ABHD6KO) mice and found that deletion of ABHD6 selectively enhanced AMPAR-mediated basal synaptic responses and the surface expression of postsynaptic AMPARs. Furthermore, we found that loss of ABHD6 impaired hippocampal long-term depression (LTD) and synaptic downscaling in hippocampal synapses. AMPAR internalization assays revealed that ABHD6 was essential for neuronal activity-dependent endocytosis of surface AMPARs, which is independent of ABHD6's hydrolase activity. The defects of AMPAR endocytosis and LTD are expressed as deficits in learning flexibility in ABHD6KO mice. Collectively, we demonstrated that ABHD6 is an endocytic accessory protein promoting AMPAR endocytosis, thereby contributes to the formation of LTD, synaptic downscaling and reversal learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengping Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; State Key Laboratory of Neurology and Oncology Drug Development, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; State Key Laboratory of Neurology and Oncology Drug Development, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Feng Su
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ying Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; State Key Laboratory of Neurology and Oncology Drug Development, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lin Luo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; State Key Laboratory of Neurology and Oncology Drug Development, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xinyue Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; State Key Laboratory of Neurology and Oncology Drug Development, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Sen Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; State Key Laboratory of Neurology and Oncology Drug Development, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhaoqi Dong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Key Lab for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Health Commission of the PR China, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research at PKU, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yun Stone Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Jing Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; State Key Laboratory of Neurology and Oncology Drug Development, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China.
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Mellios N, Papageorgiou G, Gorgievski V, Maxson G, Hernandez M, Otero M, Varangis M, Dell'Orco M, Perrone-Bizzozero N, Tzavara E. Regulation of neuronal circHomer1 biogenesis by PKA/CREB/ERK-mediated pathways and effects of glutamate and dopamine receptor blockade. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3547375. [PMID: 38260249 PMCID: PMC10802743 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3547375/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
There are currently only very few efficacious drug treatments for SCZ and BD, none of which can significantly ameliorate cognitive symptoms. Thus, further research is needed in elucidating molecular pathways linked to cognitive function and antipsychotic treatment. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable brain-enriched non-coding RNAs, derived from the covalent back-splicing of precursor mRNA molecules. CircHomer1 is a neuronal-enriched, activity-dependent circRNA, derived from the precursor of the long HOMER1B mRNA isoform, which is significantly downregulated in the prefrontal cortex of subjects with psychosis and is able to regulate cognitive function. Even though its relevance to psychiatric disorders and its role in brain function and synaptic plasticity have been well established, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that underlie circHomer1 biogenesis in response to neuronal activity and psychiatric drug treatment. Here we suggest that the RNA-binding protein (RBP) FUS positively regulates neuronal circHomer1 expression. Furthermore, we show that the MEK/ERK and PKA/CREB pathways positively regulate neuronal circHomer1 expression, as well as promote the transcription of Fus and Eif4a3, another RBP previously shown to activate circHomer1 biogenesis. We then demonstrate via both in vitro and in vivo studies that NMDA and mGluR5 receptors are upstream modulators of circHomer1 expression. Lastly, we report that in vivo D2R antagonism increases circHomer1 expression, whereas 5HT2AR blockade reduces circHomer1 levels in multiple brain regions. Taken together, this study allows us to gain novel insights into the molecular circuits that underlie the biogenesis of a psychiatric disease-associated circRNA.
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Li WX, Yuan J, Han F, Zhou LX, Ni J, Yao M, Zhang SY, Jin ZY, Cui LY, Zhai FF, Zhu YC. White matter and gray matter changes related to cognition in community populations. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1065245. [PMID: 36967830 PMCID: PMC10036909 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1065245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveFurther studies are needed to improve the understanding of the pathological process underlying cognitive impairments. The purpose of this study is to investigate the global and topographic changes of white matter integrity and cortical structure related to cognitive impairments in a community-based population.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis was performed based on 995 subjects (aged 56.8 ± 9.1 years, 34.8% males) from the Shunyi study, a community-dwelling cohort. Cognitive status was accessed by a series of neurocognitive tests including Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), category Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), Digit Span Test (DST), and Trail Making Tests A and B (TMT-A and TMT-B). Structural and diffusional MRI data were acquired. White matter integrity was assessed using fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD). Cortical surface area, thickness, and volume were measured using Freesurfer. Probabilistic tractography was further conducted to track the white matter fibers connecting to the cortical regions related to cognition. General linear models were used to investigate the association between brain structure and cognition.ResultsGlobal mean FA and MD were significantly associated with performances in VFT (FA, β 0.119, p < 0.001; MD, β −0.128, p < 0.001). Global cortical surface area, thickness, and volume were not related to cognitive scores. In tract-based spatial statistics analysis, disruptive white matter integrity was related to cognition impairment, mainly in visuomotor processing speed, semantic memory, and executive function (TMT-A and VFT), rather than verbal short-term memory and working memory (DST). In the whole brain vertex-wise analysis, surface area in the left orbitofrontal cortex, right posterior-dorsal part of the cingulate gyrus, and left central sulcus were positively associated with MMSE and MoCA scores, and the association were independent of the connecting white matter tract.ConclusionDisrupted white matter integrity and regional cortical surface area were related to cognition in community-dwelling populations. The associations of cortical surface area and cognition were independent of the connecting white matter tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xin Li
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Xin Zhou
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Yang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Jin
- Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ying Cui
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei-Fei Zhai
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Fei-Fei Zhai,
| | - Yi-Cheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Yi-Cheng Zhu,
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Tanguy D, Rametti-Lacroux A, Bouzigues A, Saracino D, Le Ber I, Godefroy V, Morandi X, Jannin P, Levy R, Batrancourt B, Migliaccio R, Azuar C, Dubois B, Lecouturier K, Araujo CM, Janvier E, Jourdain A, Rametti-Lacroux A, Coriou S, Brochard VB, Gaudebout C, Ferrand-Verdejo J, Bonnefous L, Pochan-Leva F, Jeanne L, Joulié M, Provost M, Renaud R, Hachemi S, Guillemot V, Bendetowicz D, Carle G, Socha J, Pineau F, Marin F, Liu Y, Mullot P, Mousli A, Blossier A, Visentin G, Tanguy D, Godefroy V, Sezer I, Boucly M, Cabrol-Douat B, Odobez R, Marque C, Tessereau-Barbot D, Raud A, Funkiewiez A, Chamayou C, Cognat E, Le Bozec M, Bouzigues A, Le Du V, Bombois S, Simard C, Fulcheri P, Guitton H, Peltier C, Lejeune FX, Jorgensen L, Mariani LL, Corvol JC, Valero-Cabre A, Garcin B, Volle E, Le Ber I, Migliaccio R, Levy R. Behavioural disinhibition in frontotemporal dementia investigated within an ecological framework. Cortex 2023; 160:152-166. [PMID: 36658040 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Disinhibition is a core symptom in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) particularly affecting the daily lives of both patients and caregivers. Yet, characterisation of inhibition disorders is still unclear and management options of these disorders are limited. Questionnaires currently used to investigate behavioural disinhibition do not differentiate between several subtypes of disinhibition, encompass observation biases and lack of ecological validity. In the present work, we explored disinhibition in an original semi-ecological situation, by distinguishing three categories of disinhibition: compulsivity, impulsivity and social disinhibition. First, we measured prevalence and frequency of these disorders in 23 bvFTD patients and 24 healthy controls (HC) in order to identify the phenotypical heterogeneity of disinhibition. Then, we examined the relationships between these metrics, the neuropsychological scores and the behavioural states to propose a more comprehensive view of these neuropsychiatric manifestations. Finally, we studied the context of occurrence of these disorders by investigating environmental factors potentially promoting or reducing them. As expected, we found that patients were more compulsive, impulsive and socially disinhibited than HC. We found that 48% of patients presented compulsivity (e.g., repetitive actions), 48% impulsivity (e.g., oral production) and 100% of the patients group showed social disinhibition (e.g., disregards for rules or investigator). Compulsivity was negatively related with emotions recognition. BvFTD patients were less active if not encouraged in an activity, and their social disinhibition decreased as activity increased. Finally, impulsivity and social disinhibition decreased when patients were asked to focus on a task. Summarising, this study underlines the importance to differentiate subtypes of disinhibition as well as the setting in which they are exhibited, and points to stimulating area for non-pharmacological management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Tanguy
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, FrontLab, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI - UMR 1099, Rennes, France
| | - Armelle Rametti-Lacroux
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, FrontLab, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Arabella Bouzigues
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, FrontLab, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Dario Saracino
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, FrontLab, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtriѐre, Department of Neurology, IM2A, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Le Ber
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, FrontLab, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtriѐre, Department of Neurology, IM2A, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Godefroy
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, FrontLab, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Morandi
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI - UMR 1099, Rennes, France
| | - Pierre Jannin
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI - UMR 1099, Rennes, France
| | - Richard Levy
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, FrontLab, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI - UMR 1099, Rennes, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtriѐre, Department of Neurology, IM2A, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Batrancourt
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, FrontLab, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
| | - Raffaella Migliaccio
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, FrontLab, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtriѐre, Department of Neurology, IM2A, Paris, France.
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Bates MLS, Arner JR, Curtis AL, Valentino R, Bhatnagar S. Sex-specific alterations in corticotropin-releasing factor regulation of coerulear-cortical network activity. Neuropharmacology 2023; 223:109317. [PMID: 36334761 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The locus coeruleus (LC)-norepinephrine system is a stress responsive system that regulates arousal and cognitive functions through extensive projections, including to the prefrontal cortex. LC-cortical circuits are activated by stressors, and this activation is thought to contribute to stress-induced impairments in executive function. Because corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a mediator of stress-induced LC activation, we examined the effects of CRF administered into the LC of male and female rats on network activity of two functionally distinct regions of the PFC, the medial PFC (mPFC) and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Network activity, measured as local field potentials, was recorded in awake animals before and after intra-LC infusion of aCSF or CRF (2 or 20 ng). CRF had qualitatively distinct effects on network activity in males and females with respect to dose, region and timecourse. CRF (20 ng) produced a prominent theta oscillation (7-9 Hz) selectively in female rats shortly after LC infusion and 20 min later. In contrast, in male rats, CRF (2 and 20 ng) decreased the amplitude of power in the 4-6 Hz range in the mPFC 10 min after injection. Lastly, CRF (20 ng) increased mPFC-OFC coherence in females and decreased mPFC-OFC coherence in males. In sum, these results show sex differences in CRF modulation of the LC-norepinephrine system that regulates prefrontal cortical networks, which may underlie sex differences in cognitive and behavioral responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Shawn Bates
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Chico, 400 W. First St, Chico, CA, 95929, USA
| | - Jay R Arner
- Division of Stress Neurobiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Andre L Curtis
- Division of Stress Neurobiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Rita Valentino
- Division of Stress Neurobiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Seema Bhatnagar
- Division of Stress Neurobiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA.
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9
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Soler-Gutiérrez AM, Pérez-González JC, Mayas J. Evidence of emotion dysregulation as a core symptom of adult ADHD: A systematic review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280131. [PMID: 36608036 PMCID: PMC9821724 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder, with an onset in childhood, that accompanies the person throughout their life, with prevalence between 3 and 5% in adults. Recent studies point towards a fourth core symptom of the disorder related to the emotional information processing that would explain the repercussions that ADHD has on the social, academic, and professional life of the people affected. This review aims to describe emotion dysregulation features as well as the brain activity associated in adults with ADHD. A search of the scientific literature was launched in specialized databases: PsycInfo, Medline, Eric, PsycArticle, Psicodoc and Scopus, following PRISMA guidelines. Twenty-two articles met the inclusion criteria: (a) an ADHD clinical diagnosis, (b) participants over 18 years old, (c) emotion regulation measurement, (d) empirical studies, and (c) in English. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies included, they were classified into three sections: measures and features of emotion regulation (ER) in people with ADHD, neurological and psychophysiological activity related to ER, and treatments. The studies found that meet the selection criteria are scarce and very heterogeneous both in aims and in sample features. Adults with ADHD show a more frequent use of non-adaptive emotion regulation strategies compared to people without ADHD symptoms. Moreover, emotion dysregulation was associated with symptom severity, executive functioning, psychiatric comorbidities, and even with criminal conviction. Different patterns of brain activity were observed when people with and without ADHD were compared. These results may suggest that psychopharmacological treatments as well as behavioral therapies could be useful tools for improving emotional difficulties in adult ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-María Soler-Gutiérrez
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Internacional de Doctorado de la UNED (EIDUNED), Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Julia Mayas
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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10
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Ye F, Du L, Liu B, Gao X, Yang A, Liu D, Chen Y, Lv K, Xu P, Chen Y, Liu J, Zhang L, Li S, Shmuel A, Zhang Q, Ma G. Application of pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging in children with autism spectrum disorders. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1045585. [PMID: 36425476 PMCID: PMC9680558 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1045585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin Labeling (pCASL) perfusion imaging allows non-invasive quantification of regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) as part of a multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol. This study aimed to compare regional CBF in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) individuals with their age-matched typically developing (TD) children using pCASL perfusion imaging. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 17 individuals with ASD and 13 TD children. All participants underwent pCASL examination on a 3.0 T MRI scanner. Children in two groups were assessed for clinical characteristics and developmental profiles using Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Gesell development diagnosis scale (GDDS), respectively. We compared CBF in different cerebral regions of ASD and TD children. We also assessed the association between CBF and clinical characteristics/developmental profile. Results Compared with TD children, individuals with ASD demonstrated a reduction in CBF in the left frontal lobe, the bilateral parietal lobes, and the bilateral temporal lobes. Within the ASD group, CBF was significantly higher in the right parietal lobe than in the left side. Correlation analysis of behavior characteristics and CBF in different regions showed a positive correlation between body and object domain scores on the ABC and CBF of the bilateral occipital lobes, and separately, between language domain scores and CBF of the left frontal lobe. The score of the social and self-help domain was negatively correlated with the CBF of the left frontal lobe, the left parietal lobe, and the left temporal lobe. Conclusion Cerebral blood flow was found to be negatively correlated with scores in the social and self-help domain, and positively correlated with those in the body and object domain, indicating that CBF values are a potential MRI-based biomarker of disease severity in ASD patients. The findings may provide novel insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Du
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Peking University, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinying Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Aocai Yang
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Die Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kuan Lv
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanmei Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lipeng Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shijun Li
- Department of Radiology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Amir Shmuel
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Qi Zhang,
| | - Guolin Ma
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guolin Ma,
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11
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Zhu XW, Zhang LL, Zhu ZM, Wang LY, Ding ZX, Fang XM. Altered intrinsic brain activity and connectivity in unaffected parents of individuals with autism spectrum disorder: a resting-state fMRI study. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:997150. [PMID: 36248683 PMCID: PMC9563234 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.997150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a juvenile onset neurodevelopmental disorder with social impairment and stereotyped behavior as the main symptoms. Unaffected relatives may also exhibit similar ASD features due to genetic factors. Although previous studies have demonstrated atypical brain morphological features as well as task-state brain function abnormalities in unaffected parents with ASD children, it remains unclear the pattern of brain function in the resting state. Methods: A total of 42 unaffected parents of ASD children (pASD) and 39 age-, sex-, and handedness-matched controls were enrolled. Multiple resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) analyzing methods were applied, including amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), degree centrality (DC), and functional connectivity (FC), to reveal the functional abnormalities of unaffected parents in ASD-related brain regions. Spearman Rho correlation analysis between imaging metric values and the severity of ASD traits were evaluated as well. Results: ALFF, ReHo, and DC methods all revealed abnormal brain regions in the pASD group, such as the left medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) and rectal gyrus (ROI-1), bilateral supplementary motor area (ROI-2), right caudate nucleus head and right amygdala/para-hippocampal gyrus (ROI-3). FC decreasing was observed between ROI-1 and right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), ROI-2, and bilateral precuneus. FC enhancing was observed between ROI-3 and right anterior cerebellar lobe, left medial temporal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, left medial frontal gyrus, left precentral gyrus, right postcentral gyrus in pASD. In addition, ALFF values in ROI-1, DC values in ROI-3 were positively correlated with AQ scores in pASD (ρ1 = 0.298, P1 = 0.007; ρ2 = 0.220, P2 = 0.040), while FC values between ROI-1 and right ACC were negatively correlated with AQ scores (ρ3 = −0.334, P3 = 0.002). Conclusion: rsfMRI metrics could be used as biomarkers to reveal the underlying neurobiological feature of ASD for unaffected parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Wen Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Li Zhang
- Department of Child Health Care, Wuxi Children’s Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Zong-Ming Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Luo-Yu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Xiang Ding
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhong-Xiang Ding Xiang-Ming Fang
| | - Xiang-Ming Fang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Zhong-Xiang Ding Xiang-Ming Fang
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12
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Vilca LW. The moderating role of sex in the relationship between executive functions and academic procrastination in undergraduate students. Front Psychol 2022; 13:928425. [PMID: 36072020 PMCID: PMC9444057 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.928425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to determine if sex plays a moderating role in the relationship between executive functions and academic procrastination in 106 university students of both genders (28.3% male and 71.7% female) between the ages of 18 and 30 years (M = 19.7; SD = 2.7). The Academic Procrastination Scale and the Neuropsychological Battery of Executive Functions and Frontal Lobes (BANFE-2) were used to measure the variables. The results of the study showed that the degree of prediction of the tasks linked to the orbitomedial cortex (involves the orbitofrontal cortex [OFC] and the medial prefrontal cortex [mPFC]) on academic procrastination is significantly moderated by the sex of the university students (β3 = 0.53; p < 0.01). For men, the estimated effect of the tasks linked to the orbitomedial cortex on the degree of academic procrastination is −0.81. For women, the estimated effect of the tasks linked to the orbitomedial cortex on the degree of academic procrastination is −0.28. In addition, it was shown that sex does not play a moderating role in the relationship between the tasks linked to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and academic procrastination (β3 = 0.12; p > 0.05). It was also determined that sex does not play a moderating role in the relationship between the tasks linked to the anterior prefrontal cortex (aPFC) and academic procrastination (β3 = 0.05; p > 0.05). It is concluded that only the executive functions associated with the orbitomedial cortex are moderated by the sex of the university students, where the impact of the tasks linked to the orbitomedial cortex on academic procrastination in men is significantly greater than in women.
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13
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Pan N, Wang S, Qin K, Li L, Chen Y, Zhang X, Lai H, Suo X, Long Y, Yu Y, Ji S, Radua J, Sweeney JA, Gong Q. Common and Distinct Neural Patterns of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder: A Multimodal Functional and Structural Meta-analysis. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022:S2451-9022(22)00147-1. [PMID: 35714858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) have partially overlapping symptom profiles and are highly comorbid in adults. However, whether the behavioral similarities correspond to shared neurobiological substrates is not known. METHODS An overlapping meta-analysis of 58 ADHD and 66 BPD whole-brain articles incorporating observations from 3401 adult patients and 3238 healthy participants was performed by seed-based d mapping. Brain maps were subjected to meta-analytic connectivity modeling and data-driven functional decoding analyses to identify associated neural circuit alterations and relations to behavioral dimensions. RESULTS Both groups exhibited hypoactivated abnormalities in the left inferior parietal lobule, and altered clusters of the bilateral superior temporal gyrus were disjunctive in ADHD and BPD. No overlapping structural abnormalities were found. Multimodal alterations of ADHD were located in the right putamen and of BPD in the left orbitofrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS The transdiagnostic neural bases of ADHD and BPD in temporoparietal circuitry may underlie overlapping problems of behavioral control, while disorder-specific substrates in frontostriatal circuitry may account for their distinguishing features in motor and emotion domains, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanfang Pan
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Kun Qin
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Lai
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueling Suo
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yajing Long
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifan Yu
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyu Ji
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John A Sweeney
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, China.
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14
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Tanguy D, Batrancourt B, Estudillo-Romero A, Baxter JSH, Le Ber I, Bouzigues A, Godefroy V, Funkiewiez A, Chamayou C, Volle E, Saracino D, Rametti-Lacroux A, Morandi X, Jannin P, Levy R, Migliaccio R. An ecological approach to identify distinct neural correlates of disinhibition in frontotemporal dementia. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 35:103079. [PMID: 35700600 PMCID: PMC9194654 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Disinhibition is a core symptom of many neurodegenerative diseases, particularly frontotemporal dementia, and is a major cause of stress for caregivers. While a distinction between behavioural and cognitive disinhibition is common, an operational definition of behavioural disinhibition is still missing. Furthermore, conventional assessment of behavioural disinhibition, based on questionnaires completed by the caregivers, often lacks ecological validity. Therefore, their neuroanatomical correlates are non-univocal. In the present work, we used an original behavioural approach in a semi-ecological situation to assess two specific dimensions of behavioural disinhibition: compulsivity and social disinhibition. First, we investigated disinhibition profile in patients compared to controls. Then, to validate our approach, compulsivity and social disinhibition scores were correlated with classic cognitive tests measuring disinhibition (Hayling Test) and social cognition (mini-Social cognition & Emotional Assessment). Finally, we disentangled the anatomical networks underlying these two subtypes of behavioural disinhibition, taking in account the grey (voxel-based morphometry) and white matter (diffusion tensor imaging tractography). We included 17 behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia patients and 18 healthy controls. We identified patients as more compulsive and socially disinhibited than controls. We found that behavioural metrics in the semi-ecological task were related to cognitive performance: compulsivity correlated with the Hayling test and both compulsivity and social disinhibition were associated with the emotion recognition test. Based on voxel-based morphometry and tractography, compulsivity correlated with atrophy in the bilateral orbitofrontal cortex, the right temporal region and subcortical structures, as well as with alterations of the bilateral cingulum and uncinate fasciculus, the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus and the right arcuate fasciculus. Thus, the network of regions related to compulsivity matched the "semantic appraisal" network. Social disinhibition was associated with bilateral frontal atrophy and impairments in the forceps minor, the bilateral cingulum and the left uncinate fasciculus, regions corresponding to the frontal component of the "salience" network. Summarizing, this study validates our semi-ecological approach, through the identification of two subtypes of behavioural disinhibition, and highlights different neural networks underlying compulsivity and social disinhibition. Taken together, these findings are promising for clinical practice by providing a better characterisation of inhibition disorders, promoting their detection and consequently a more adapted management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Tanguy
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI - UMR 1099, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Bénédicte Batrancourt
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | - John S H Baxter
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI - UMR 1099, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Isabelle Le Ber
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, IM2A, Paris, France
| | - Arabella Bouzigues
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Godefroy
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Funkiewiez
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, IM2A, Paris, France
| | - Céline Chamayou
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, IM2A, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Volle
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Dario Saracino
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, IM2A, Paris, France
| | - Armelle Rametti-Lacroux
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Morandi
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI - UMR 1099, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Pierre Jannin
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI - UMR 1099, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Richard Levy
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, IM2A, Paris, France
| | - Raffaella Migliaccio
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, IM2A, Paris, France.
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15
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Challakere Ramaswamy VM, Schofield PW. Olfaction and Executive Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review. Front Psychol 2022; 13:871391. [PMID: 35615205 PMCID: PMC9125097 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.871391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective tests of olfaction are widely available to aid in the assessment of olfaction. Their clearest role is in the characterization of olfactory changes, either reported by or suspected in a patient. There is a rapidly growing literature concerned with the association of olfactory changes with certain neuropsychiatric conditions and the use of olfactory testing to supplement conventional assessments in clinical and research practice is evolving. Neural pathways important for olfactory processing overlap extensively with pathways important for cognitive functioning, and especially those important for executive functioning, many of which are concentrated in the frontal lobes. Previous work has identified associations between performance on certain olfactory tests (most frequently olfactory identification) and executive functioning and behavioral measures (e.g. of impulsivity). More recently, similar associations have also been identified in non-clinical samples, raising new questions as to the utility of olfactory test scores as proxy measures for non-olfactory phenomena. In this systemic review, we sought to identify studies, both clinical and non-clinical, that investigated the associations of olfaction with performance on tasks sensitive to frontal lobe functioning. Our search criteria led to the identification of 70 studies published in English. We examined in detail and tabulated the data from these studies, highlighted each study's key findings, and critically evaluated these studies. We use the results of this review to reflect on some of the current and future challenges concerning the use of olfactory testing in clinical neuropsychiatric practice and research and speculate on the potential benefits of administering phonemic fluency in combination with olfactory testing to enhance its predictive value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudeva Murthy Challakere Ramaswamy
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Vasudeva Murthy Challakere Ramaswamy
| | - Peter William Schofield
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Neuropsychiatry Service, Hunter New England Mental Health, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
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16
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Sato A, Tominaga K, Iwatani Y, Kato Y, Wataya-Kaneda M, Makita K, Nemoto K, Taniike M, Kagitani-Shimono K. Abnormal White Matter Microstructure in the Limbic System Is Associated With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex-Associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Front Neurol 2022; 13:782479. [PMID: 35359647 PMCID: PMC8963953 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.782479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disease that arises from TSC1 or TSC2 abnormalities and induces the overactivation of the mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin pathways. The neurological symptoms of TSC include epilepsy and tuberous sclerosis complex-associated neuropsychiatric disorders (TAND). Although TAND affects TSC patients' quality of life, the specific region in the brain associated with TAND remains unknown. We examined the association between white matter microstructural abnormalities and TAND, using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).MethodsA total of 19 subjects with TSC and 24 age-matched control subjects were enrolled. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) were performed to assess group differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) between the TSC and control groups. Atlas-based association analysis was performed to reveal TAND-related white matter in subjects with TSC. Multiple linear regression was performed to evaluate the association between TAND and the DTI parameters; FA and mean diffusivity in seven target regions and projection fibers.ResultsThe TBSS showed significantly reduced FA in the right hemisphere and particularly in the inferior frontal occipital fasciculus (IFOF), inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), uncinate fasciculus (UF), and genu of corpus callosum (CC) in the TSC group relative to the control group. In the association analysis, intellectual disability was widely associated with all target regions. In contrast, behavioral problems and autistic features were associated with the limbic system white matter and anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC) and CC.ConclusionThe disruption of white matter integrity may induce underconnectivity between cortical and subcortical regions. These findings suggest that TANDs are not the result of an abnormality in a specific brain region, but rather caused by connectivity dysfunction as a network disorder. This study indicates that abnormal white matter connectivity including the limbic system is relevant to TAND. The analysis of brain and behavior relationship is a feasible approach to reveal TAND related white matter and neural networks. TAND should be carefully assessed and treated at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Sato
- United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Tominaga
- United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Iwatani
- United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoko Kato
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Wataya-Kaneda
- Division of Health Science, Department of Neurocutaneous Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kai Makita
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nemoto
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masako Taniike
- United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kuriko Kagitani-Shimono
- United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kuriko Kagitani-Shimono
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17
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Zhao L, Xue SW, Sun YK, Lan Z, Zhang Z, Xue Y, Wang X, Jin Y. Altered dynamic functional connectivity of insular subregions could predict symptom severity of male patients with autism spectrum disorder. J Affect Disord 2022; 299:504-512. [PMID: 34953921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social communication and restricted or repetitive patterns of behavior. This disorder was characterized by widespread abnormalities involving distributed brain networks. As one such key network node, the insular cortex has been regarded as a research focus of ASD neuropathology. The insula is a functionally complex brain structure. However, it is not fully clear if dynamic characteristics of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) signals in insular heterogeneous could be used to depict abnormalities in ASD. To address this question, we investigated dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) of 12 insular subregions. Data were obtained from 44 individuals with ASD and 65 typically developing age-matched controls (TDC). We assessed dFC by sliding-window method and quantified its temporal variability. Multivariable linear regression models were constructed to determine whether dFC support complementary information about symptom severity of individuals with ASD rather than static functional connectivity (sFC). The results showed that individuals with ASD exhibited dFC and sFC alterations in distinct insular subregions. Some brain regions showed only abnormal dFC but not sFC with insular subregions. These abnormal dFC could significantly predict the symptom severity of individuals with ASD. Our findings might advance our knowledge about the potential of insular heterogeneity and dynamic characteristics in understanding the neuropathology mechanism of ASD and in developing neuroimaging biomarkers for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, No.2318, Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Shao-Wei Xue
- Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, No.2318, Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Yun-Kai Sun
- Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, No.2318, Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zhihui Lan
- Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, No.2318, Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou 311121, China; Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ziqi Zhang
- Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yichen Xue
- Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, No.2318, Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yuxin Jin
- Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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18
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Hartogsveld B, Quaedflieg CWEM, van Ruitenbeek P, Smeets T. Decreased putamen activation in balancing goal-directed and habitual behavior in binge eating disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 136:105596. [PMID: 34839081 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute stress is associated with a shift from goal-directed to habitual behavior. This stress-induced preference for habitual behavior has been suggested as a potential mechanism by which binge eating disorder (BED) patients succumb to eating large amounts of high-caloric foods in an uncontrolled manner (i.e., binge episodes). While in healthy subjects the balance between goal-directed and habitual behavior is subserved by the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), insular cortex, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior caudate nucleus, and posterior putamen, the brain mechanism that underlies this (possibly amplified) stress-induced behavioral shift in BED patients is currently unknown. In the current study, 76 participants (38 BED, 38 healthy controls (HCs)) learned six stimulus-response-outcome associations in a well-established instrumental learning task. Subsequently, three outcomes were selectively devalued, after which participants underwent either a stress induction procedure (Maastricht Acute Stress Test; MAST) or a no-stress control procedure. Next, the balance between goal-directed and habitual behavior was assessed during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Findings show that the balance between goal-directed and habitual behavior was associated with activity in the ACC, insula, and OFC in no-stress HCs. Although stress and BED did not modulate the balance between goal-directed and habitual behavior, BED participants displayed a smaller difference in putamen activation between trials probing goal-directed and habitual behavior compared with HCs when using a ROI approach. We conclude that putamen activity differences between BED and HC could reflect changes in monitoring of response accuracy or reward value, albeit perhaps not sufficiently to induce a measurable shift from goal-directed to habitual behavior. Future research could clarify potential boundary conditions of stress-induced shifts in instrumental behavior in BED patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hartogsveld
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
| | - C W E M Quaedflieg
- Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - P van Ruitenbeek
- Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - T Smeets
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands; CoRPS - Center of Research on Psychological and Somatic disorders, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, The Netherlands
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19
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Liang D, Xia S, Zhang X, Zhang W. Analysis of Brain Functional Connectivity Neural Circuits in Children With Autism Based on Persistent Homology. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:745671. [PMID: 34588970 PMCID: PMC8473898 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.745671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder with a complex and unknown etiology. Statistics demonstrate that the number of people diagnosed with ASD is increasing in countries around the world. Currently, although many neuroimaging studies indicate that ASD is characterized by abnormal functional connectivity (FC) patterns within brain networks rather than local functional or structural abnormalities, the FC characteristics of ASD are still poorly understood. In this study, a Vietoris-Rips (VR) complex filtration model of the brain functional network was established by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data of children aged 6–13 years old [including 54 ASD patients and 52 typical development (TD) controls] from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) public database. VR complex filtration barcodes are calculated by using persistent homology to describe the changes in the FC neural circuits of brain networks. The number of FC neural circuits with different length ranges at different threshold values is calculated by using the barcodes, the different brain regions participating in FC neural circuits are discussed, and the connectivity characteristics of brain FC neural circuits in the two groups are compared and analyzed. Our results show that the number of FC neural circuits with lengths of 8–12 is significantly decreased in the ASD group compared with the TD control group at threshold values of 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9, and there is no significant difference in the number of FC neural circuits with lengths of 4–7 and 13–16 and lengths 16. When the thresholds are 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9, the number of FC neural circuits in some brain regions, such as the right orbital part of the superior frontal gyrus, the left supplementary motor area, the left hippocampus, and the right caudate nucleus, involved in the study is significantly decreased in the ASD group compared with the TD control group. The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences in the FC neural circuits of brain networks in the ASD group compared with the TD control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liang
- School of Science, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
| | - Shengxiang Xia
- School of Science, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianfu Zhang
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Science, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
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20
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Zhang D, Huang X, Mao C, Chen Y, Miao Z, Liu C, Xu C, Wu X, Yin X. Assessment of normalized cerebral blood flow and its connectivity with migraines without aura during interictal periods by arterial spin labeling. J Headache Pain 2021; 22:72. [PMID: 34261444 PMCID: PMC8278584 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-021-01282-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine constitutes a global health burden, and its pathophysiology is not well-understood; research evaluating cerebral perfusion and altered blood flow between brain areas using non-invasive imaging techniques, such as arterial spin labeling, have been scarce. This study aimed to assess cerebral blood flow (CBF) and its connectivity of migraine. METHODS This study enrolled 40 patients with episodic migraine without aura (MwoA), as well as 42 healthy patients as control (HC). Two groups of normalized CBF and CBF connectivity were compared, and the relationship between CBF variation and clinical scale assessment was further evaluated. RESULTS In comparison to HC subjects, MwoA patients exhibited higher CBF in the right middle frontal orbital gyrus (ORBmid.R) and the right middle frontal gyrus, while that in Vermis_6 declined. The increased CBF of ORBmid.R was positively correlated with both the Visual Light Sensitivity Questionnaire-8 (VLSQ-8) and the monthly attack frequency score. In MwoA, significantly decreased CBF connectivity was detected between ORBmid.R and the left superior frontal gyrus, the right putamen, the right caudate, as well as the right angular gyrus. In addition, increased CBF connectivity was observed between the left calcarine cortex and ORBmid.R. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that migraine patients exhibit abnormalities in regional CBF and feature CBF connection defects at the resting state. The affected areas involve information perception, information integration, and emotional, pain and visual processing. Our findings might provide important clues for the pathophysiology of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaobin Huang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cunnan Mao
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengfei Miao
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunmei Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenjie Xu
- Department of Pain Treatment, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinying Wu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xindao Yin
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China.
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21
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Gao S, Chen J, Xu Y, Liu S, Lu C, Guan Y, Yang X. Altered Structural and Functional Connectivity Contribute to Rapid Ejaculation: Insights from a Multimodal Neuroimaging Study. Neuroscience 2021; 471:93-101. [PMID: 34216696 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about how the aberrant structural and functional connectivity relates to the rapid ejaculation. Data of diffusion tensor imaging and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging were acquired from 32 PE patients and 38 healthy controls (HCs). Firstly, we investigated the structural connectivity (SC) disruptions of PE patients using the method of graph theoretical analysis. Brain regions with impaired nodal strength were then defined as regions of interest (ROI). Secondly, the corresponding functional connectivity (FC) changes were explored. Finally, the correlation analyses were performed between brain areas with abnormal connectivity and clinical characteristics. Structural analysis revealed that PE patients had increased nodal strength in the right superior frontal gyrus (dorsolateral), left middle frontal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus (medial), right superior frontal gyrus (medial orbital) and decreased nodal strength in the left amygdala. FC analysis revealed that PE patients had decreased FC values in the default mode network, visual recognition network and subcortical network, as well as increased FC values in the attention network. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed that the nodal strength of right superior frontal gyrus (dorsolateral) was negatively associated with the intra-vaginal ejaculation latency, while FC values between the left middle frontal gyrus and middle occipital gyrus were positively related to the total scores of the premature ejaculation diagnostic tool (PEDT). Our results indicated that PE might be associated with the abnormal SC of areas in the prefrontal-amygdala pathway and aberrant FC in certain functional brain networks, especially in default mode network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songzhan Gao
- Department of Andrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianhuai Chen
- Department of Andrology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Andrology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaowei Liu
- Department of Radiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Radiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yichun Guan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Xianfeng Yang
- Department of Andrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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22
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Oleson EB, Hamilton LR, Gomez DM. Cannabinoid Modulation of Dopamine Release During Motivation, Periodic Reinforcement, Exploratory Behavior, Habit Formation, and Attention. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2021; 13:660218. [PMID: 34177546 PMCID: PMC8222827 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2021.660218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivational and attentional processes energize action sequences to facilitate evolutionary competition and promote behavioral fitness. Decades of neuropharmacology, electrophysiology and electrochemistry research indicate that the mesocorticolimbic DA pathway modulates both motivation and attention. More recently, it was realized that mesocorticolimbic DA function is tightly regulated by the brain's endocannabinoid system and greatly influenced by exogenous cannabinoids-which have been harnessed by humanity for medicinal, ritualistic, and recreational uses for 12,000 years. Exogenous cannabinoids, like the primary psychoactive component of cannabis, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, produce their effects by acting at binding sites for naturally occurring endocannabinoids. The brain's endocannabinoid system consists of two G-protein coupled receptors, endogenous lipid ligands for these receptor targets, and several synthetic and metabolic enzymes involved in their production and degradation. Emerging evidence indicates that the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol is necessary to observe concurrent increases in DA release and motivated behavior. And the historical pharmacology literature indicates a role for cannabinoid signaling in both motivational and attentional processes. While both types of behaviors have been scrutinized under manipulation by either DA or cannabinoid agents, there is considerably less insight into prospective interactions between these two important signaling systems. This review attempts to summate the relevance of cannabinoid modulation of DA release during operant tasks designed to investigate either motivational or attentional control of behavior. We first describe how cannabinoids influence DA release and goal-directed action under a variety of reinforcement contingencies. Then we consider the role that endocannabinoids might play in switching an animal's motivation from a goal-directed action to the search for an alternative outcome, in addition to the formation of long-term habits. Finally, dissociable features of attentional behavior using both the 5-choice serial reaction time task and the attentional set-shifting task are discussed along with their distinct influences by DA and cannabinoids. We end with discussing potential targets for further research regarding DA-cannabinoid interactions within key substrates involved in motivation and attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik B. Oleson
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Lindsey R. Hamilton
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Devan M. Gomez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Pan N, Wang S, Zhao Y, Lai H, Qin K, Li J, Biswal BB, Sweeney JA, Gong Q. Brain gray matter structures associated with trait impulsivity: A systematic review and voxel-based meta-analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:2214-2235. [PMID: 33599347 PMCID: PMC8046062 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Trait impulsivity is a multifaceted personality characteristic that contributes to maladaptive life outcomes. Although a growing body of neuroimaging studies have investigated the structural correlates of trait impulsivity, the findings remain highly inconsistent and heterogeneous. Herein, we performed a systematic review to depict an integrated delineation of gray matter (GM) substrates of trait impulsivity and a meta-analysis to examine concurrence across previous whole-brain voxel-based morphometry studies. The systematic review summarized the diverse findings in GM morphometry in the past literature, and the quantitative meta-analysis revealed impulsivity-related volumetric GM alterations in prefrontal, temporal, and parietal cortices. In addition, we identified the modulatory effects of age and gender in impulsivity-GM volume associations. The present study advances understanding of brain GM morphometry features underlying trait impulsivity. The findings may have practical implications in the clinical diagnosis of and intervention for impulsivity-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanfang Pan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Research Unit of PsychoradiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesChengduChina
- Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Song Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Research Unit of PsychoradiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesChengduChina
- Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yajun Zhao
- School of Education and PsychologySouthwest Minzu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Han Lai
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Research Unit of PsychoradiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesChengduChina
- Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Kun Qin
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Research Unit of PsychoradiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesChengduChina
- Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jingguang Li
- College of Teacher EducationDali UniversityDaliChina
| | - Bharat B. Biswal
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNew JerseyUSA
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for NeuroinformationUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
| | - John A. Sweeney
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Research Unit of PsychoradiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesChengduChina
- Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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24
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Freitas LGA, Liverani MC, Siffredi V, Schnider A, Borradori Tolsa C, Ha-Vinh Leuchter R, Van De Ville D, Hüppi PS. Altered orbitofrontal activation in preterm-born young adolescents during performance of a reality filtering task. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2021; 30:102668. [PMID: 34215142 PMCID: PMC8102802 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth is one of the main causes for neurodevelopmental problems, and has been associated with a wide range of impairments in cognitive functions including executive functions and memory. One of the factors contributing to these adverse outcomes is the intrinsic vulnerability of the premature brain. Neuroimaging studies have highlighted structural and functional alterations in several brain regions in preterm individuals across lifetime. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is crucial for a multitude of complex and adaptive behaviours, and its structure is particularly affected by premature birth. Nevertheless, studies on the functional impact of prematurity on the OFC are still missing. Orbitofrontal Reality filtering (ORFi) refers to the ability to distinguish if a thought is relevant to present reality or not. It can be tested using a continuous recognition task and is mediated by the OFC in adults and typically developing young adolescents. Therefore, the ORFi task was used to investigate whether OFC functioning is affected by prematurity. We compared the neural correlates of ORFi in 35 young adolescents born preterm (below 32 weeks of gestation) and aged 10 to 14 years with 25 full term-born controls. Our findings indicate that OFC activation was required only in the full-term group, whereas preterm young adolescents did not involve OFC in processing the ORFi task, despite being able to correctly perform it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena G A Freitas
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Chiara Liverani
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Siffredi
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Armin Schnider
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurorehabilitation, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Borradori Tolsa
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Russia Ha-Vinh Leuchter
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Petra S Hüppi
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Campos EMN, Rodrigues LD, Oliveira LF, Dos Santos JCC. Dementia and cognitive impairment in adults as sequels of HSV-1-related encephalitis: a review. Dement Neuropsychol 2021; 15:164-172. [PMID: 34345357 PMCID: PMC8283880 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-020002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the variety of mechanisms of Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) contamination and its broad invasive potential of the nervous system, a life-long latent infection is established. Infected adult individuals may be susceptible to viral reactivation when under the influence of multiple stressors, especially regarding immunocompromised patients. This guides a series of neuroinflammatory events on the cerebral cortex, culminating, rarely, in encephalitis and cytotoxic / vasogenic brain edema. A sum of studies of such processes provides an explanation, even though not yet completely clarified, on how the clinical evolution to cognitive impairment and dementia might be enabled. In addition, it is of extreme importance to recognize the current dementia and cognitive deficit worldwide panorama. The aim of this literature review is to elucidate the available data upon the pathophysiology of HSV-1 infection as well as to describe the clinical panorama of the referred afflictions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laís Damasceno Rodrigues
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro Freitas Oliveira
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Júlio César Claudino Dos Santos
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Faculty of Medicine, Christus University Center, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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UYGUR AB. KUMAR OYNAMA BOZUKLUĞUNUN DAVRANIŞSAL İNHİBİSYON-AKTİVASYON SİSTEMLERİ ve SOSYODEMOGRAFiK ETKENLER ile İLİŞKİSİ. KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNIVERSITESI TIP FAKÜLTESI DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.17517/ksutfd.862992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Petitet P, Scholl J, Attaallah B, Drew D, Manohar S, Husain M. The relationship between apathy and impulsivity in large population samples. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4830. [PMID: 33649399 PMCID: PMC7921138 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84364-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Apathy and impulsivity are debilitating conditions associated with many neuropsychiatric conditions, and expressed to variable degrees in healthy people. While some theories suggest that they lie at different ends of a continuum, others suggest their possible co-existence. Surprisingly little is known, however, about their empirical association in the general population. Here, gathering data from six large studies (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$n = 3755$$\end{document}n=3755), we investigated the relationship between measures of apathy and impulsivity in young adults. The questionnaires included commonly used self-assessment tools—Apathy Evaluation Scale, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and UPPS-P Scale—as well as a more recent addition, the Apathy Motivation Index (AMI). Remarkably, across datasets and assessment tools, global measures of apathy and impulsivity correlated positively. However, analysis of sub-scale scores revealed a more complex relationship. Although most dimensions correlated positively with one another, there were two important exceptions revealed using the AMI scale. Social apathy was mostly negatively correlated with impulsive behaviour, and emotional apathy was orthogonal to all other sub-domains. These results suggest that at a global level, apathy and impulsivity do not exist at distinct ends of a continuum. Instead, paradoxically, they most often co-exist in young adults. Processes underlying social and emotional apathy, however, appear to be different and dissociable from behavioural apathy and impulsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Petitet
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK.
| | - Jacqueline Scholl
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Bahaaeddin Attaallah
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Daniel Drew
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Sanjay Manohar
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK.,Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Masud Husain
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK.,Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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28
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Anhedonia as a Potential Risk Factor of Alzheimer's Disease in a Community-Dwelling Elderly Sample: Results from the ZARADEMP Project. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041370. [PMID: 33546118 PMCID: PMC7913238 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
(1) Introduction: Dementia is a major public health problem, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent subtype. Clarifying the potential risk factors is necessary in order to improve dementia-prevention strategies and quality of life. Here, our purpose was to investigate the role of the absence of hedonic tone; anhedonia, understood as the reduction on previous enjoyable daily activities, which occasionally is underdetected and underdiagnosed; and the risk of developing AD in a cognitively unimpaired and non-depressed population sample. (2) Method: We used data from the Zaragoza Dementia and Depression (ZARADEMP) project, a longitudinal epidemiological study on dementia and depression. After excluding subjects with dementia, a sample of 2830 dwellers aged ≥65 years was followed for 4.5 years. The geriatric mental state examination was used to identify cases of anhedonia. AD was diagnosed by a panel of research psychiatrists according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria. A multivariate survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression model were performed, and the analysis was controlled by an analysis for the presence of clinically significant depression. (3) Results: We found a significant association between anhedonia cases and AD risk in the univariate analysis (hazard ratio (HR): 2.37; 95% CI: 1.04-5.40). This association persisted more strongly in the fully adjusted model. (4) Conclusions: Identifying cognitively intact individuals with anhedonia is a priority to implement preventive strategies that could delay the progression of cognitive and functional impairment in subjects at risk of AD.
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29
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Kaufman EA, Meddaoui B. Identity pathology and borderline personality disorder: an empirical overview. Curr Opin Psychol 2020; 37:82-88. [PMID: 32932110 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pathological identity-related functioning is a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD) that is grievously underrepresented in the empirical literature. Burgeoning evidence indicates that identity pathology is multifaceted, influenced by transactions between social and endogenous processes, and associated with a wide variety of maladaptive outcomes. Although historically defined by patterns of instability (e.g. frequent and rapid changes to career goals, religious beliefs, core values, friend groups, etc.), accumulating research indicates that identity pathology also manifests as distress and functional impairment related to excessive rigidity (i.e. unrelenting negative self-evaluations; overidentification with a restricted role or group membership) and/or incongruous behavior (i.e. simultaneously holding discordant beliefs/values/attitudes, actions that are grossly contradictory with values, incoherent sense of self, etc.). Despite the complex nature of this construct, and its centrality to BPD, researchers often assess identity pathology indirectly, inadequately, or fail to measure it entirely. In this article, we briefly describe how identity pathology may fit into etiological models of BPD, highlight emerging themes from recent research, and identify important gaps in our knowledge. We also discuss limitations associated with current assessment practices, recommend alternatives, and articulate a research agenda for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin A Kaufman
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, 361 Windermere Road, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.
| | - Brianna Meddaoui
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, 361 Windermere Road, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
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30
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Liu J, Zhang B, Wilson G, Kong J. New Perspective for Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Site Selection in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Based on Meta- and Functional Connectivity Analyses. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:228. [PMID: 31551754 PMCID: PMC6736566 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been widely used to treat mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, there exists no consensus on the best stimulation sites. Objective To explore potential stimulation locations for NIBS treatment in patients with MCI, combining meta- and resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) analyses. Methods The meta-analysis was conducted to identify brain regions associated with MCI. Regions of interest (ROIs) were extracted based on this meta-analysis. The rsFC analysis was applied to 45 MCI patients to determine brain surface regions that are functionally connected with the above ROIs. Results We found that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) were the overlapping brain regions between our results and those of previous studies. In addition, we recommend that the temporoparietal junction (including the angular gyrus), which was found in both the meta- and rsFC analysis, should be considered in NIBS treatment of MCI. Furthermore, the bilateral orbital prefrontal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, medial superior frontal gyrus, and right inferior occipital gyrus may be potential brain stimulation sites for NIBS treatment of MCI. Conclusion Our results provide several potential sites for NIBS, such as the DLFPC and IFG, and may shed light on the locations of NIBS sites in the treatment of patients with MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- Author Affiliations: UC San Francisco; University of Southern California; UC San Francisco University of Southern California Mayo Clinic, Rochester Mayo Clinic, Rochester; UC Berkeley; U Pennsylvania; USC; UC Davis; Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School Indiana University Washington University St. Louis University of Pennsylvania; Prevent Alzheimer's Disease 2020 (Chair) Siemens; Alzheimer's Association University of Pittsburgh Washington University St. Louis Cornell University; Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University; AD Drug Discovery Foundation; Acumen Pharmaceuticals; Washington University St. Louis; Northwestern University; National Institute of Mental Health; Brown University; Eli Lilly (Chair); BWH/HMS (Chair); University of Washington (Chair); Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI) University of Southern California; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC Davis (Core PI); UC Davis; UC San Diego; Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI); Mayo Clinic, Rochester; University of London; UCLA School of Medicine; UCSF MRI; UC Davis; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; UC Berkeley (Core PI); University of Michigan; University of Utah; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; University of Pittsburgh; UC Berkeley; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; USC (Core PI); USC; USC; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC Irvine; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC San Francisco; UC San Diego; Prevent Alzheimer's Disease 2020; UC San Diego; National Institute on Aging; UC San Francisco; Brown University; National Institute of Mental Health; Cornell University; Johns Hopkins University; Richard Frank Consulting; Prevent Alzheimer's Disease 2020; National Institute on Aging; Oregon Health & Science University; University of Southern California; University of California - San Diego; University of Michigan; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Baylor College of Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; Washington University, St. Louis; University of Alabama - Birmingham; Mount Sinai School of Medicine; Rush University Medical Center; Wien Center; Johns Hopkins University; New York University; Duke University Medical Center; University of Pennsylvania; University of Kentucky; University of Pittsburgh; University of Rochester Medical Center; University of California, Irvine; University of Texas Southwestern Medical School; Emory University; University of Kansas, Medical Center; University of California, Los Angeles; Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville; Indiana University; Yale University School of Medicine; McGill Univ., Montreal-Jewish General Hospital; Sunnybrook Health Sciences, Ontario; U.B.C. Clinic for AD & Related Disorders; Cognitive Neurology - St. Joseph's, Ontario; Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health; Northwestern University; Premiere Research Inst (Palm Beach Neurology); Georgetown University Medical Center; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Stanford University; Banner Sun Health Research Institute; Boston University; Howard University; Case Western Reserve University; University of California, Davis - Sacramento; Neurological Care of CNY; Parkwood Hospital; University of Wisconsin; University of California, Irvine - BIC; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Dent Neurologic Institute; Ohio State University; Albany Medical College; Hartford Hospital, Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center; Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center; Wake Forest University Health Sciences; Rhode Island Hospital; Butler Hospital; UC San Francisco; Medical University South Carolina; St. Joseph's Health Care; Nathan Kline Institute; University of Iowa College of Medicine; Cornell University; University of South Florida: USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute; University of California, San Francisco; University of Southern California; UC San Francisco; University of Southern California; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Brigham and Women's Hospital/ Harvard Medical School; UC Davis; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; UC Berkeley; Washington University St. Louis; Indiana University; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; USC; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; UC San Francisco; Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University; BWH/HMS (Chair); University of Washington (Chair); Core PI; Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI); University of Southern California; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Francisco; UC San Francisco; UC San Francisco; UC Davis (Core PI); UC San Diego; Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI); Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; UC Berkeley (Core PI); University of Michigan; University of Utah; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; UC Berkeley; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; USC (Core PI); USC; USC; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC Irvine; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC San Francisco; Department of Defense (retired); University of Southern California; University of California, San Diego; Columbia University Medical Center; Rush University Medical Center; Wien Center; Duke University Medical Center; University of Rochester Medical Center; University of California, Irvine; Medical University South Carolina; Premiere Research Inst (Palm Beach Neurology); University of California, San Francisco; Georgetown University Medical Center; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Banner Sun Health Research Institute; Howard University; University of Wisconsin; University of Washington; Stanford University; Cornell University.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Binlong Zhang
- Author Affiliations: UC San Francisco; University of Southern California; UC San Francisco University of Southern California Mayo Clinic, Rochester Mayo Clinic, Rochester; UC Berkeley; U Pennsylvania; USC; UC Davis; Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School Indiana University Washington University St. Louis University of Pennsylvania; Prevent Alzheimer's Disease 2020 (Chair) Siemens; Alzheimer's Association University of Pittsburgh Washington University St. Louis Cornell University; Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University; AD Drug Discovery Foundation; Acumen Pharmaceuticals; Washington University St. Louis; Northwestern University; National Institute of Mental Health; Brown University; Eli Lilly (Chair); BWH/HMS (Chair); University of Washington (Chair); Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI) University of Southern California; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC Davis (Core PI); UC Davis; UC San Diego; Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI); Mayo Clinic, Rochester; University of London; UCLA School of Medicine; UCSF MRI; UC Davis; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; UC Berkeley (Core PI); University of Michigan; University of Utah; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; University of Pittsburgh; UC Berkeley; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; USC (Core PI); USC; USC; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC Irvine; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC San Francisco; UC San Diego; Prevent Alzheimer's Disease 2020; UC San Diego; National Institute on Aging; UC San Francisco; Brown University; National Institute of Mental Health; Cornell University; Johns Hopkins University; Richard Frank Consulting; Prevent Alzheimer's Disease 2020; National Institute on Aging; Oregon Health & Science University; University of Southern California; University of California - San Diego; University of Michigan; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Baylor College of Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; Washington University, St. Louis; University of Alabama - Birmingham; Mount Sinai School of Medicine; Rush University Medical Center; Wien Center; Johns Hopkins University; New York University; Duke University Medical Center; University of Pennsylvania; University of Kentucky; University of Pittsburgh; University of Rochester Medical Center; University of California, Irvine; University of Texas Southwestern Medical School; Emory University; University of Kansas, Medical Center; University of California, Los Angeles; Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville; Indiana University; Yale University School of Medicine; McGill Univ., Montreal-Jewish General Hospital; Sunnybrook Health Sciences, Ontario; U.B.C. Clinic for AD & Related Disorders; Cognitive Neurology - St. Joseph's, Ontario; Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health; Northwestern University; Premiere Research Inst (Palm Beach Neurology); Georgetown University Medical Center; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Stanford University; Banner Sun Health Research Institute; Boston University; Howard University; Case Western Reserve University; University of California, Davis - Sacramento; Neurological Care of CNY; Parkwood Hospital; University of Wisconsin; University of California, Irvine - BIC; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Dent Neurologic Institute; Ohio State University; Albany Medical College; Hartford Hospital, Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center; Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center; Wake Forest University Health Sciences; Rhode Island Hospital; Butler Hospital; UC San Francisco; Medical University South Carolina; St. Joseph's Health Care; Nathan Kline Institute; University of Iowa College of Medicine; Cornell University; University of South Florida: USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute; University of California, San Francisco; University of Southern California; UC San Francisco; University of Southern California; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Brigham and Women's Hospital/ Harvard Medical School; UC Davis; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; UC Berkeley; Washington University St. Louis; Indiana University; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; USC; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; UC San Francisco; Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University; BWH/HMS (Chair); University of Washington (Chair); Core PI; Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI); University of Southern California; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Francisco; UC San Francisco; UC San Francisco; UC Davis (Core PI); UC San Diego; Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI); Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; UC Berkeley (Core PI); University of Michigan; University of Utah; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; UC Berkeley; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; USC (Core PI); USC; USC; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC Irvine; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC San Francisco; Department of Defense (retired); University of Southern California; University of California, San Diego; Columbia University Medical Center; Rush University Medical Center; Wien Center; Duke University Medical Center; University of Rochester Medical Center; University of California, Irvine; Medical University South Carolina; Premiere Research Inst (Palm Beach Neurology); University of California, San Francisco; Georgetown University Medical Center; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Banner Sun Health Research Institute; Howard University; University of Wisconsin; University of Washington; Stanford University; Cornell University.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Georgia Wilson
- Author Affiliations: UC San Francisco; University of Southern California; UC San Francisco University of Southern California Mayo Clinic, Rochester Mayo Clinic, Rochester; UC Berkeley; U Pennsylvania; USC; UC Davis; Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School Indiana University Washington University St. Louis University of Pennsylvania; Prevent Alzheimer's Disease 2020 (Chair) Siemens; Alzheimer's Association University of Pittsburgh Washington University St. Louis Cornell University; Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University; AD Drug Discovery Foundation; Acumen Pharmaceuticals; Washington University St. Louis; Northwestern University; National Institute of Mental Health; Brown University; Eli Lilly (Chair); BWH/HMS (Chair); University of Washington (Chair); Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI) University of Southern California; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC Davis (Core PI); UC Davis; UC San Diego; Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI); Mayo Clinic, Rochester; University of London; UCLA School of Medicine; UCSF MRI; UC Davis; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; UC Berkeley (Core PI); University of Michigan; University of Utah; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; University of Pittsburgh; UC Berkeley; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; USC (Core PI); USC; USC; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC Irvine; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC San Francisco; UC San Diego; Prevent Alzheimer's Disease 2020; UC San Diego; National Institute on Aging; UC San Francisco; Brown University; National Institute of Mental Health; Cornell University; Johns Hopkins University; Richard Frank Consulting; Prevent Alzheimer's Disease 2020; National Institute on Aging; Oregon Health & Science University; University of Southern California; University of California - San Diego; University of Michigan; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Baylor College of Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; Washington University, St. Louis; University of Alabama - Birmingham; Mount Sinai School of Medicine; Rush University Medical Center; Wien Center; Johns Hopkins University; New York University; Duke University Medical Center; University of Pennsylvania; University of Kentucky; University of Pittsburgh; University of Rochester Medical Center; University of California, Irvine; University of Texas Southwestern Medical School; Emory University; University of Kansas, Medical Center; University of California, Los Angeles; Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville; Indiana University; Yale University School of Medicine; McGill Univ., Montreal-Jewish General Hospital; Sunnybrook Health Sciences, Ontario; U.B.C. Clinic for AD & Related Disorders; Cognitive Neurology - St. Joseph's, Ontario; Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health; Northwestern University; Premiere Research Inst (Palm Beach Neurology); Georgetown University Medical Center; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Stanford University; Banner Sun Health Research Institute; Boston University; Howard University; Case Western Reserve University; University of California, Davis - Sacramento; Neurological Care of CNY; Parkwood Hospital; University of Wisconsin; University of California, Irvine - BIC; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Dent Neurologic Institute; Ohio State University; Albany Medical College; Hartford Hospital, Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center; Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center; Wake Forest University Health Sciences; Rhode Island Hospital; Butler Hospital; UC San Francisco; Medical University South Carolina; St. Joseph's Health Care; Nathan Kline Institute; University of Iowa College of Medicine; Cornell University; University of South Florida: USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute; University of California, San Francisco; University of Southern California; UC San Francisco; University of Southern California; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Brigham and Women's Hospital/ Harvard Medical School; UC Davis; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; UC Berkeley; Washington University St. Louis; Indiana University; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; USC; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; UC San Francisco; Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University; BWH/HMS (Chair); University of Washington (Chair); Core PI; Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI); University of Southern California; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Francisco; UC San Francisco; UC San Francisco; UC Davis (Core PI); UC San Diego; Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI); Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; UC Berkeley (Core PI); University of Michigan; University of Utah; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; UC Berkeley; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; USC (Core PI); USC; USC; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC Irvine; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC San Francisco; Department of Defense (retired); University of Southern California; University of California, San Diego; Columbia University Medical Center; Rush University Medical Center; Wien Center; Duke University Medical Center; University of Rochester Medical Center; University of California, Irvine; Medical University South Carolina; Premiere Research Inst (Palm Beach Neurology); University of California, San Francisco; Georgetown University Medical Center; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Banner Sun Health Research Institute; Howard University; University of Wisconsin; University of Washington; Stanford University; Cornell University.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jian Kong
- Author Affiliations: UC San Francisco; University of Southern California; UC San Francisco University of Southern California Mayo Clinic, Rochester Mayo Clinic, Rochester; UC Berkeley; U Pennsylvania; USC; UC Davis; Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School Indiana University Washington University St. Louis University of Pennsylvania; Prevent Alzheimer's Disease 2020 (Chair) Siemens; Alzheimer's Association University of Pittsburgh Washington University St. Louis Cornell University; Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University; AD Drug Discovery Foundation; Acumen Pharmaceuticals; Washington University St. Louis; Northwestern University; National Institute of Mental Health; Brown University; Eli Lilly (Chair); BWH/HMS (Chair); University of Washington (Chair); Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI) University of Southern California; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC Davis (Core PI); UC Davis; UC San Diego; Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI); Mayo Clinic, Rochester; University of London; UCLA School of Medicine; UCSF MRI; UC Davis; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; UC Berkeley (Core PI); University of Michigan; University of Utah; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; University of Pittsburgh; UC Berkeley; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; UPenn School of Medicine; USC (Core PI); USC; USC; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC Irvine; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC San Francisco; UC San Diego; Prevent Alzheimer's Disease 2020; UC San Diego; National Institute on Aging; UC San Francisco; Brown University; National Institute of Mental Health; Cornell University; Johns Hopkins University; Richard Frank Consulting; Prevent Alzheimer's Disease 2020; National Institute on Aging; Oregon Health & Science University; University of Southern California; University of California - San Diego; University of Michigan; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Baylor College of Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; Washington University, St. Louis; University of Alabama - Birmingham; Mount Sinai School of Medicine; Rush University Medical Center; Wien Center; Johns Hopkins University; New York University; Duke University Medical Center; University of Pennsylvania; University of Kentucky; University of Pittsburgh; University of Rochester Medical Center; University of California, Irvine; University of Texas Southwestern Medical School; Emory University; University of Kansas, Medical Center; University of California, Los Angeles; Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville; Indiana University; Yale University School of Medicine; McGill Univ., Montreal-Jewish General Hospital; Sunnybrook Health Sciences, Ontario; U.B.C. Clinic for AD & Related Disorders; Cognitive Neurology - St. Joseph's, Ontario; Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health; Northwestern University; Premiere Research Inst (Palm Beach Neurology); Georgetown University Medical Center; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Stanford University; Banner Sun Health Research Institute; Boston University; Howard University; Case Western Reserve University; University of California, Davis - Sacramento; Neurological Care of CNY; Parkwood Hospital; University of Wisconsin; University of California, Irvine - BIC; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Dent Neurologic Institute; Ohio State University; Albany Medical College; Hartford Hospital, Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center; Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center; Wake Forest University Health Sciences; Rhode Island Hospital; Butler Hospital; UC San Francisco; Medical University South Carolina; St. Joseph's Health Care; Nathan Kline Institute; University of Iowa College of Medicine; Cornell University; University of South Florida: USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute; University of California, San Francisco; University of Southern California; UC San Francisco; University of Southern California; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Brigham and Women's Hospital/ Harvard Medical School; UC Davis; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; UC Berkeley; Washington University St. Louis; Indiana University; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; USC; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; UC San Francisco; Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University; BWH/HMS (Chair); University of Washington (Chair); Core PI; Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI); University of Southern California; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Diego; UC San Francisco; UC San Francisco; UC San Francisco; UC Davis (Core PI); UC San Diego; Mayo Clinic, Rochester (Core PI); Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; UC Berkeley (Core PI); University of Michigan; University of Utah; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Banner Alzheimer's Institute; UC Berkeley; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Washington University St. Louis; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; Perelman School of Medicine, UPenn; USC (Core PI); USC; USC; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC Irvine; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; Indiana University; UC San Francisco; Department of Defense (retired); University of Southern California; University of California, San Diego; Columbia University Medical Center; Rush University Medical Center; Wien Center; Duke University Medical Center; University of Rochester Medical Center; University of California, Irvine; Medical University South Carolina; Premiere Research Inst (Palm Beach Neurology); University of California, San Francisco; Georgetown University Medical Center; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Banner Sun Health Research Institute; Howard University; University of Wisconsin; University of Washington; Stanford University; Cornell University.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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31
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Eddy CM. What Do You Have in Mind? Measures to Assess Mental State Reasoning in Neuropsychiatric Populations. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:425. [PMID: 31354534 PMCID: PMC6636467 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Social interaction is closely associated with both functional capacity and well-being. Previous research has not only revealed evidence of social dysfunction in individuals with a wide range of psychiatric and neurological disorders but also generated an abundance of potential measures for assessing social cognition. This review explores the most popular measures used within neuropsychiatric populations to investigate the ability to recognize or reason about the mental states of others. Measures are also critically analyzed in terms of strengths and limitations to aid task selection in future clinical studies. The most frequently applied assessment tools use verbal, visual or audiovisual forms of presentation and assess recognition of mental states from facial features, self-rated empathy, the understanding of other's cognitive mental states such as beliefs and intentions, or the ability to combine knowledge of other's thoughts and emotions in order to understand subtle communications or socially inappropriate behavior. Key weaknesses of previous research include limited investigation of relationships with clinical symptoms, and underutilization of measures of everyday social functioning that offer a useful counterpart to traditional "lab" tasks. Future studies should aim to carefully select measures not only based on the range of skills to be assessed but also taking into account potential difficulties with interpretation and the need to gain insight into the application of social cognitive skills as well as ability per se. Some of the best measures include those with well-matched control trials (e.g., Yoni Task) or those that restrict the influence of verbal deficits (e.g., intentions comic strip task), elicit spontaneous mentalizing (e.g., Animations Task), and possess greater ecological validity (e.g., Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition). Social cognitive research within psychiatric populations will be further enhanced through the development of more closely matched control tasks, and the exploration of relationships between task performance, medication, strategy use, and broader emotional and motor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare M. Eddy
- Research and Innovation, BSMHFT National Centre for Mental Health, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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32
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Delvecchio G, Mandolini GM, Arighi A, Prunas C, Mauri CM, Pietroboni AM, Marotta G, Cinnante CM, Triulzi FM, Galimberti D, Scarpini E, Altamura AC, Brambilla P. Structural and metabolic cerebral alterations between elderly bipolar disorder and behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia: A combined MRI-PET study. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2019; 53:413-423. [PMID: 30545239 DOI: 10.1177/0004867418815976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elderly bipolar disorder (BD) and behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) may exhibit similar symptoms and both disorders are characterized by selective abnormalities in cortical and subcortical regions that are associated with cognitive and emotional impairments. We aimed to investigate common and distinct neural substrates of BD and bvFTD by coupling, for the first time, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) techniques. METHODS 3-Tesla MRI and 18 fluorodeoxyglucose-PET scans were acquired for 16 elderly BD patients, 23 bvFTD patients with mild cognitive impairments and 68 healthy controls (48 for PET and 20 for MRI analyses). RESULTS BD and bvFTD patients exhibit a different localization of grey matter reductions in the lateral prefrontal cortex, with the first group showing grey matter decrease in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and the latter group showing grey matter reductions in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as well as unique grey matter and metabolic alterations within the orbitofrontal cortex. The bvFTD group also displayed unique volumetric shrinkage in regions within the temporo-parietal network together with greater metabolic impairments within the temporal cortex and more extensive volumetric and metabolic abnormalities within the limbic lobe. Finally, while the BD group showed greater grey matter volumes in caudate nucleus, bvFTD subjects displayed lower metabolism. CONCLUSION This MRI-PET study explored, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, structural and functional abnormalities in bvFTD and elderly BD patients, with the final aim of identifying the specific biological signature of these disorders, which might have important implications not only in prevention but also in differential diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Delvecchio
- 1 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Mario Mandolini
- 1 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,2 Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Arighi
- 1 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,2 Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,3 'Dino Ferrari' Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Prunas
- 1 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,2 Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Massimo Mauri
- 2 Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna M Pietroboni
- 1 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,2 Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,3 'Dino Ferrari' Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Marotta
- 2 Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Maria Cinnante
- 2 Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Maria Triulzi
- 1 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,2 Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- 1 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,2 Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,3 'Dino Ferrari' Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Elio Scarpini
- 1 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,2 Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,3 'Dino Ferrari' Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Alfredo Carlo Altamura
- 1 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,2 Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- 1 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,4 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
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33
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Schofield PW, Doty RL. The influence of head injury on olfactory and gustatory function. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2019; 164:409-429. [PMID: 31604560 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63855-7.00023-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Head injury, particularly that resulting in brain injury, is a significant public health concern. For example, annual incidence rates of traumatic brain injury, a common consequence of head injury, range from 54 to 60 million people worldwide, including 2.2-3.6 million people whose trauma is moderate to severe. Trauma to the face and brain, including blast injuries common in modern warfare, can result in alterations in the ability to both smell and taste. In the case of smell, these include total loss of function (anosmia), decreased sensitivity (hyposmia), alterations in odor quality (dysosmia), and hallucination (phantosmia). Although taste dysfunction, i.e., altered perception of such basic taste-bud-mediated sensations as sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and savory (umami), can be similarly influenced by head trauma, the effects are typically more subtle and less studied. The present review provides an up-to-date assessment of what is known about the impact of head injury on quantitative measures of taste and smell function, including the influences of severity, type of injury, location of insults, prognosis, and approaches to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Schofield
- Neuropsychiatry Service, Hunter New England Local Health District and Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
| | - Richard L Doty
- Smell and Taste Center and Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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34
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Kaufman EA, Crowell SE. Biological and Behavioral Mechanisms of Identity Pathology Development: An Integrative Review. REVIEW OF GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1037/gpr0000138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although identity disturbance is a transdiagnostic mental health problem, modern explanatory models for its emergence are limited. To date, the social, developmental, clinical, and neuropsychological literatures exploring identity processes are also largely disconnected. Existing theories have laid the foundation for understanding important components of identity pathology, yet many overlook biological, behavioral, and interactive processes by which these difficulties may emerge. In this integrative review, we explore how broad transdiagnostic vulnerabilities for psychopathology and more specific risky behavioral processes may reciprocally interact and be refined over time into an identity disturbance profile. Our primary purpose is to review behavioral and biosocial theories and derive a testable conceptual framework for how identity disturbance emerges over the course of development. We aim to describe and integrate several disparate lines of theory and research in order to illuminate potential etiological pathways to identity pathology.
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35
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Bell AH, Bultitude JH. Methods matter: A primer on permanent and reversible interference techniques in animals for investigators of human neuropsychology. Neuropsychologia 2018; 115:211-219. [PMID: 28943365 PMCID: PMC6018620 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The study of patients with brain lesions has contributed greatly to our understanding of the biological bases of human cognition, but this approach also has several unavoidable limitations. Research that uses animal models complements and extends human neuropsychology by addressing many of these limitations. In this review, we provide an overview of permanent and reversible animal lesion techniques for researchers of human neuropsychology, with the aim of highlighting how these methods provide a valuable adjunct to behavioural, neuroimaging, physiological, and clinical investigations in humans. Research in animals has provided important lessons about how the limitations of one or more techniques, or differences in their mechanism of action, has impacted upon the understanding of brain organisation and function. These cautionary tales highlight the importance of striving for a thorough understanding of how any intereference technique works (whether in animal or human), and for how to best use animal research to clarify the precise mechanisms underlying temporary lesion methods in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H Bell
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Janet H Bultitude
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; Centre for Pain Research, University of Bath, Bath, UK; The Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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36
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McCormick C, Ciaramelli E, De Luca F, Maguire EA. Comparing and Contrasting the Cognitive Effects of Hippocampal and Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Damage: A Review of Human Lesion Studies. Neuroscience 2018; 374:295-318. [PMID: 28827088 PMCID: PMC6053620 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The hippocampus and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) are closely connected brain regions whose functions are still debated. In order to offer a fresh perspective on understanding the contributions of these two brain regions to cognition, in this review we considered cognitive tasks that usually elicit deficits in hippocampal-damaged patients (e.g., autobiographical memory retrieval), and examined the performance of vmPFC-lesioned patients on these tasks. We then took cognitive tasks where performance is typically compromised following vmPFC damage (e.g., decision making), and looked at how these are affected by hippocampal lesions. Three salient motifs emerged. First, there are surprising gaps in our knowledge about how hippocampal and vmPFC patients perform on tasks typically associated with the other group. Second, while hippocampal or vmPFC damage seems to adversely affect performance on so-called hippocampal tasks, the performance of hippocampal and vmPFC patients clearly diverges on classic vmPFC tasks. Third, although performance appears analogous on hippocampal tasks, on closer inspection, there are significant disparities between hippocampal and vmPFC patients. Based on these findings, we suggest a tentative hierarchical model to explain the functions of the hippocampus and vmPFC. We propose that the vmPFC initiates the construction of mental scenes by coordinating the curation of relevant elements from neocortical areas, which are then funneled into the hippocampus to build a scene. The vmPFC then engages in iterative re-initiation via feedback loops with neocortex and hippocampus to facilitate the flow and integration of the multiple scenes that comprise the coherent unfolding of an extended mental event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia McCormick
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Elisa Ciaramelli
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Centro studi e ricerche di Neuroscienze Cognitive, Cesena, Italy
| | - Flavia De Luca
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Centro studi e ricerche di Neuroscienze Cognitive, Cesena, Italy
| | - Eleanor A Maguire
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
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Broadwater MA, Lee SH, Yu Y, Zhu H, Crews FT, Robinson DL, Shih YYI. Adolescent alcohol exposure decreases frontostriatal resting-state functional connectivity in adulthood. Addict Biol 2018; 23:810-823. [PMID: 28691248 PMCID: PMC5760482 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Connectivity of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) matures through adolescence, coinciding with emergence of adult executive function and top-down inhibitory control over behavior. Alcohol exposure during this critical period of brain maturation may affect development of PFC and frontolimbic connectivity. Adult rats exposed to adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE; 5 g/kg ethanol, 25 percent v/v in water, intragastrically, 2-day-on, 2-day-off, postnatal day 25-54) or water control underwent resting-state functional MRI to test the hypothesis that AIE induces persistent changes in frontolimbic functional connectivity under baseline and acute alcohol conditions (2 g/kg ethanol or saline, intraperitoneally administered during scanning). Data were acquired on a Bruker 9.4-T MR scanner with rats under dexmedetomidine sedation in combination with isoflurane. Frontolimbic network regions-of-interest for data analysis included PFC [prelimbic (PrL), infralimbic (IL), and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) portions], nucleus accumbens (NAc), caudate putamen (CPu), dorsal hippocampus, ventral tegmental area, amygdala, and somatosensory forelimb used as a control region. AIE decreased baseline resting-state connectivity between PFC subregions (PrL-IL and IL-OFC) and between PFC-striatal regions (PrL-NAc, IL-CPu, IL-NAc, OFC-CPu, and OFC-NAc). Acute ethanol induced negative blood-oxygen-level-dependent changes within all regions of interest examined, along with significant increases in functional connectivity in control, but not AIE animals. Together, these data support the hypothesis that binge-like adolescent alcohol exposure causes persistent decreases in baseline frontolimbic (particularly frontostriatal) connectivity and alters sensitivity to acute ethanol-induced increases in functional connectivity in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Research Imaging Center and Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Statistics and Operations, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Research Imaging Center and Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hongtu Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Research Imaging Center and Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Fulton T. Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Donita L. Robinson
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Research Imaging Center and Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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38
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Sperdin HF, Coito A, Kojovic N, Rihs TA, Jan RK, Franchini M, Plomp G, Vulliemoz S, Eliez S, Michel CM, Schaer M. Early alterations of social brain networks in young children with autism. eLife 2018; 7:31670. [PMID: 29482718 PMCID: PMC5828667 DOI: 10.7554/elife.31670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Social impairments are a hallmark of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), but empirical evidence for early brain network alterations in response to social stimuli is scant in ASD. We recorded the gaze patterns and brain activity of toddlers with ASD and their typically developing peers while they explored dynamic social scenes. Directed functional connectivity analyses based on electrical source imaging revealed frequency specific network atypicalities in the theta and alpha frequency bands, manifesting as alterations in both the driving and the connections from key nodes of the social brain associated with autism. Analyses of brain-behavioural relationships within the ASD group suggested that compensatory mechanisms from dorsomedial frontal, inferior temporal and insular cortical regions were associated with less atypical gaze patterns and lower clinical impairment. Our results provide strong evidence that directed functional connectivity alterations of social brain networks is a core component of atypical brain development at early stages of ASD. Newborns are attracted to voices, faces and social gestures. Paying attention to these social cues in everyday life helps infants and young children learn how to interact with others. During this period of development, a network of connections forms between different parts of the brain that helps children to understand other people’s social behaviors. During their first year of life, infants who later develop autism spectrum disorders (ASD) pay less attention to social cues. This early indifference to these important signals leads to social deficits in children with ASD. They are less able to understand other people’s behaviors or engage in typical social interactions. It’s not yet clear why children with ASD are less attuned to social cues. But is likely that the development of brain networks essential for understanding social behavior suffers as a result. Studying how such networks develop in typical very young children and those with ASD may help scientist learn more. Now, Sperdin et al. confirm there are differences in the social brain-networks of very young children with ASD compared with their typical peers. In the experiment, 3-year-old children with ASD and without watched videos of other children playing, while Sperdin et al. recorded what they looked at and what happened in their brains. Eyemovements were measured with a tracker, and the brain activity was recorded using an electroencephalogram (EEG), which uses sensors placed on the scalp to measure electrical signals. What children with ASD looked at was different than their typical peers, and these differences corresponded with alterations in the brain networks that process social information. Children with ASD who had less severe symptoms had stronger activity in these brain networks. What they looked at also was more similar to typical children. This suggests less severely affected children with ASD may be able to compensate that way. Identifying ASD-like behaviors and brain differences early in life may help scientists to better understand what causes the condition. It may also help clinicians provide more individualized therapies early in life when the brain is most adaptable. Long-term studies of these brain-network differences in children with ASD are necessary to better understand how therapies can influence these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Franz Sperdin
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ana Coito
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nada Kojovic
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tonia Anahi Rihs
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Reem Kais Jan
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Martina Franchini
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gijs Plomp
- Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Serge Vulliemoz
- EEG and Epilepsy Unit, Neurology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Martin Michel
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie Schaer
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Fettes P, Schulze L, Downar J. Cortico-Striatal-Thalamic Loop Circuits of the Orbitofrontal Cortex: Promising Therapeutic Targets in Psychiatric Illness. Front Syst Neurosci 2017; 11:25. [PMID: 28496402 PMCID: PMC5406748 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2017.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticostriatal circuits through the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) play key roles in complex human behaviors such as evaluation, affect regulation and reward-based decision-making. Importantly, the medial and lateral OFC (mOFC and lOFC) circuits have functionally and anatomically distinct connectivity profiles which differentially contribute to the various aspects of goal-directed behavior. OFC corticostriatal circuits have been consistently implicated across a wide range of psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and substance use disorders (SUDs). Furthermore, psychiatric disorders related to OFC corticostriatal dysfunction can be addressed via conventional and novel neurostimulatory techniques, including deep brain stimulation (DBS), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Such techniques elicit changes in OFC corticostriatal activity, resulting in changes in clinical symptomatology. Here we review the available literature regarding how disturbances in mOFC and lOFC corticostriatal functioning may lead to psychiatric symptomatology in the aforementioned disorders, and how psychiatric treatments may exert their therapeutic effect by rectifying abnormal OFC corticostriatal activity. First, we review the role of OFC corticostriatal circuits in reward-guided learning, decision-making, affect regulation and reappraisal. Second, we discuss the role of OFC corticostriatal circuit dysfunction across a wide range of psychiatric disorders. Third, we review available evidence that the therapeutic mechanisms of various neuromodulation techniques may directly involve rectifying abnormal activity in mOFC and lOFC corticostriatal circuits. Finally, we examine the potential of future applications of therapeutic brain stimulation targeted at OFC circuitry; specifically, the role of OFC brain stimulation in the growing field of individually-tailored therapies and personalized medicine in psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Fettes
- Institute of Medical Science, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Schulze
- Institute of Medical Science, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan Downar
- Institute of Medical Science, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health NetworkToronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada.,MRI-Guided rTMS Clinic, University Health NetworkToronto, ON, Canada
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40
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De Guzman E, Ament A. Neurobehavioral Management of Traumatic Brain Injury in the Critical Care Setting: An Update. Crit Care Clin 2017; 33:423-440. [PMID: 28601130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccc.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an alteration in brain function, or other evidence of brain pathology, caused by an external force. TBI is a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Post-traumatic amnesia, or the interval from injury until the patient is oriented and able to form and later recall new memories, is an important index of TBI severity and functional outcome. This article will discuss the updates in the epidemiology, definition and classification, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of common acute neuropsychiatric sequelae of traumatic brain injury that the critical care specialist may encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Earl De Guzman
- Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Andrea Ament
- Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
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Jin L, Yang X, Liu P, Sun J, Chen F, Xu Z, Qin W, Tian J. Dynamic abnormalities of spontaneous brain activity in women with primary dysmenorrhea. J Pain Res 2017; 10:699-707. [PMID: 28392711 PMCID: PMC5373826 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s121286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the regional spontaneous brain activity changes in primary dysmenorrhea (PD) patients in different phases of the menstrual cycle by regional homogeneity (ReHo) analysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-three PD patients and 32 healthy controls (HCs) separately received resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging during menstrual phase and follicular phase (non-menstrual phase). Cox retrospective symptom scale (RSS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were applied to assess related symptoms and emotions. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the two groups in demographic data. The PD patients obtained higher RSS score, SAS score and SDS score than HCs. Compared with HCs, the ReHo values of the PD patients were increased in left midbrain and hippocampus, right posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), insula and middle temporal cortex (MTC) and decreased in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in menstrual phase. In non-menstrual phase, enhanced ReHo values were found in bilateral S1 and precuneus, left S2 and MTC, and reduced ReHo values were observed in left mPFC and orbital frontal cortex. RSS score positively correlated with ReHo values of midbrain and negatively correlated with mPFC and PCC. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that PD is accompanied by dynamic regional spontaneous activity changes across the menstrual cycle, and the altered regions were involved in descending pain modulation, default mode network and sensory modulation. These abnormal activations might contribute to maintain the menstrual pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingmin Jin
- Sleep and Neuroimage Group, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi
| | - Xuejuan Yang
- Sleep and Neuroimage Group, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi
| | - Peng Liu
- Sleep and Neuroimage Group, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi
| | - Jinbo Sun
- Sleep and Neuroimage Group, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi
| | - Fei Chen
- Sleep and Neuroimage Group, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi
| | - Ziliang Xu
- Sleep and Neuroimage Group, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi
| | - Wei Qin
- Sleep and Neuroimage Group, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi
| | - Jie Tian
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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