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Cao M, Gao Y. Mast cell stabilizers: from pathogenic roles to targeting therapies. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1418897. [PMID: 39148726 PMCID: PMC11324444 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1418897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are bone-marrow-derived haematopoietic cells that are widely distributed in human tissues. When activated, they will release tryptase, histamine and other mediators that play major roles in a diverse array of diseases/disorders, including allergies, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, cancers and even death. The multiple pathological effects of MCs have made their stabilizers a research hotspot for the treatment of related diseases. To date, the clinically available MC stabilizers are limited. Considering the rapidly increasing incidence rate and widespread prevalence of MC-related diseases, a comprehensive reference is needed for the clinicians or researchers to identify and choose efficacious MC stabilizers. This review analyzes the mechanism of MC activation, and summarizes the progress made so far in the development of MC stabilizers. MC stabilizers are classified by the action mechanism here, including acting on cell surface receptors, disturbing signal transduction pathways and interfering exocytosis systems. Particular emphasis is placed on the clinical applications and the future development direction of MC stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengda Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Yang S, Wahab S, Almoyad MAA, Chen Y, Kalam N, Khalid M. Discovery of promising B lymphocyte kinase inhibitors using structure-guided virtual screening. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:7054-7064. [PMID: 37688373 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2256397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosine-protein kinase BLK, also known as B-cell lymphocyte kinase (BLK), is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that is primarily expressed in B-cells. BLK plays a key role in B-cell signaling, particularly in B-cell development and maturation. The increased expression of BLK has been linked to various complex diseases, including autoimmune disorders, and specific malignancies of B cells, such as lymphomas and leukemias. Due to its significant involvement in B-cell signaling, BLK has emerged as a promising target for drug development, offering the potential for developing novel therapeutics to combat these diseases. Small molecule inhibitors of BLK hold great potential for therapeutic intervention; however, discovering potent and selective inhibitors remains challenging. Within this context, natural compounds hold significant potential as a valuable resource for discovering novel inhibitors of BLK. In the current study, a structure-based virtual screening of the IMPPAT 2 library was employed to identify promising candidates with potential as inhibitors of BLK. The control molecule for this study was the known BLK inhibitor, Dasatinib. After a multi-step filtering process, two molecules (Withanolide I and Mexogenin) demonstrated potential against BLK based on their superior binding affinity, ligand efficiency, and specific interaction. Interaction analysis of these compounds revealed several significant interactions with the active site residues of BLK. Both proposed molecules remained bound to the binding pocket of BLK, as indicated by the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study. Taken together, these findings provide valuable insights for guiding future research endeavors and translational efforts in developing therapeutics for different complex diseases, such as autoimmune disorders, lymphomas, and leukemias.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yang
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ali Abdullah Almoyad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yanxin Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nida Kalam
- School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Wu HT, Wu BX, Fang ZX, Wu Z, Hou YY, Deng Y, Cui YK, Liu J. Lomitapide repurposing for treatment of malignancies: A promising direction. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32998. [PMID: 38988566 PMCID: PMC11234027 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of novel drugs from basic science to clinical practice requires several years, much effort, and cost. Drug repurposing can promote the utilization of clinical drugs in cancer therapy. Recent studies have shown the potential effects of lomitapide on treating malignancies, which is currently used for the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia. We systematically review possible functions and mechanisms of lomitapide as an anti-tumor compound, regarding the aspects of apoptosis, autophagy, and metabolism of tumor cells, to support repurposing lomitapide for the clinical treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Tao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Bing-Xuan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Ze-Xuan Fang
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Physiology/Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Physiology/Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yan-Yu Hou
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Physiology/Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yu-Kun Cui
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Jing Liu
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Physiology/Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
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4
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Wang Z, Qu S, Yuan J, Tian W, Xu J, Tao R, Sun S, Lu T, Tang W, Zhu Y. Review and prospects of targeted therapies for Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK). Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 96:117514. [PMID: 37984216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase. The dysregulation of SYK is closely related to the occurrence and development of allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases and cancer. SYK has become an attractive target for drug discovery due to its important biological functions. This article reviews the biological function of SYK, the relationship between SYK and disease, and therapies targeting SYK. In addition, inspired by new technologies such as proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) and phosphatase recruiting chimeras (PHORCs), we propose the development of new therapeutic approaches for targeting SYK, such as SYK PROTACs and SYK PHORCs, which may overcome deficiencies of existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhao Wang
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Shu Qu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jiahao Yuan
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Wen Tian
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jinglei Xu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Rui Tao
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Shilong Sun
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Weifang Tang
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Yong Zhu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
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5
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Li M, Liu L, Ding B, Song X, Xia A, Han Y, Song Y, Wei X, Zhou H. Refractory/relapse thrombocytopenia in a patient with Evans' syndrome successfully treated with zanubrutinib. Br J Haematol 2022; 199:e37-e42. [PMID: 36223900 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Menguan Li
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Hemostasis and Thrombosis Diagnostic Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Hematology, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bingjie Ding
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Hemostasis and Thrombosis Diagnostic Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuewen Song
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Hemostasis and Thrombosis Diagnostic Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ao Xia
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Hemostasis and Thrombosis Diagnostic Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yongping Song
- Department of Hematology, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xudong Wei
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Hemostasis and Thrombosis Diagnostic Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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6
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Tang S, Yu Q, Ding C. Investigational spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitors for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:291-303. [PMID: 35130124 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2040014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are disorders induced by multiple inflammatory mediators, in which immune system attacks healthy tissues and triggers tissue injury. Targeted regulation of the activity of kinases that influence inflammation is one of the major therapies for ADs. Recently, investigational spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitors have shown encouraging results in the ADs therapy. AREAS COVERED This article provides a background on autoimmune diseases and provides an update on investigational SYK inhibitors. This literature review was conducted by searching publications about investigational Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of ADs from experimental to clinical studies. The search terms used were SYK inhibitors, R406, fostamatinib (R788), P505-15 (PRT062607), entospletinib (GS-9973), R112, lanraplenib (GS-9876), cerdulatinib, R343, BAY-61-3606, GSK compound 143 (GSK143), R211, SKI-G-618, SKI-O-85, ER-27319, YM193306, RO9021 in conjunction with autoimmune disease using electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE and Google Scholar. EXPERT OPINION SYK inhibitors are promising drugs with unique advantages and acceptable tolerability and safety for the treatment of ADs. However, the difficulties in developing highly selective SYK inhibitors and the unknown effects are challenges. Long term and real-world data are essential to determine the risk-benefit ratio and true role of SYK inhibitors in the therapy of ADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su'an Tang
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Centre of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghong Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changhai Ding
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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7
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Zhou S, Huang G. Some important inhibitors and mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 99:930-943. [PMID: 34942050 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease that seriously affects human health and quality of life, and it is one of the main causes of labor loss and disability. Many countries have listed rheumatoid arthritis as one of the national a key diseases to tackle. The pathogenesis of RA in humans is still unknown, and medical researchers believe that the pathogenesis of RA may be the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors. RA is an incurable condition that can only be controlled and treated with conventional drugs. In this paper, the pathologic features and pathogenesis of RA were introduced, and the research progress of new anti-rheumatoid arthritis chemical drugs in recent years was reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Zhou
- Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational College, Chongqing, 401228, China.,College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
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Qiu H, Ali Z, Bowlan J, Caldwell R, Gardberg A, Glaser N, Goutopoulos A, Head J, Johnson T, Maurer C, Georgi K, Grenningloh R, Fang Z, Morandi F, Rohdich F, Schmidt R, Follis AV, Sherer B. Discovery of Covalent Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors with Decreased CYP2C8 Inhibitory Activity. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3653-3662. [PMID: 34582626 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a member of the Tec kinase family that is expressed in cells of hematopoietic lineage. Evidence has shown that inhibition of BTK has clinical benefit for the treatment of a wide array of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Previously we reported the discovery of a novel nicotinamide selectivity pocket (SP) series of potent and selective covalent irreversible BTK inhibitors. The top molecule 1 of that series strongly inhibited CYP2C8 (IC50 =100 nM), which was attributed to the bridged linker group. However, our effort on the linker replacement turned out to be fruitless. With the study of the X-ray crystal structure of compound 1, we envisioned the opportunity of removal of this liability via transposition of the linker moiety in 1 from C6 to C5 position of the pyridine core. With this strategy, our optimization led to the discovery of a novel series, in which the top molecule 18 A displayed reduced CYP inhibitory activity and good potency. To further explore this new series, different warheads besides acrylamide, for example cyanamide, were also tested. However, this effort didn't lead to the discovery of molecules with better potency than 18 A. The loss of potency in those molecules could be related to the reduced reactivity of the warhead or reversible binding mode. Further profiling of 18 A disclosed that it had a strong hERG (human Ether-a-go-go Related Gene) inhibition, which could be related to the phenoxyphenyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiu
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | - Zahid Ali
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | - Julian Bowlan
- Repare Therapeutics, 1 Broadway, 15th Floor, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Richard Caldwell
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | - Anna Gardberg
- Constellation Pharmaceuticals, 215 First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Nina Glaser
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Andreas Goutopoulos
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | - Jared Head
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | - Theresa Johnson
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | | | - Katrin Georgi
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Roland Grenningloh
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | - Zhizhou Fang
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Federica Morandi
- Cellular Enzymology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Konzern-Hauptsitz, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Rohdich
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Ralf Schmidt
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Ariele Viacava Follis
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | - Brian Sherer
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
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Xie Z, Xiang C, Li X, Fan C, Chen T, Liu M, Ma Y, Bai F, Tang W, Hu Y. Discovery of Potent Antiallergic Agents Based on an o-Aminopyridinyl Alkynyl Scaffold. J Med Chem 2021; 64:13588-13603. [PMID: 34476950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Effective therapeutic agents are highly desired for immune-mediated allergic diseases. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship of an o-aminopyridinyl alkyne series as novel orally bioavailable antiallergic agents, which was identified through phenotypic screening. Compound optimization yielded a highly potent compound 36, which effectively suppressed mast cell degranulation in a dose-dependent manner (IC50, 2.54 nM for RBL-2H3 cells; 48.28 nM for peritoneal mast cells (PMCs)) with a good therapeutic index. It also regulated the activation of FcεRI-mediated downstream signaling proteins in IgE/Ag-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. In addition, 36 exhibited excellent in vivo pharmacokinetic properties and antiallergic efficacy in both passive systemic anaphylaxis (PSA) and house dust mite (HDM)-induced murine models of pulmonary allergic inflammation. Furthermore, preliminary analysis of the kinases profile identified Src-family kinases as potential targets for 36. Compound 36 may serve as a new valuable lead compound for future antiallergic drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 555 Zu-Chong-Zhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Caigui Xiang
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 555 Zu-Chong-Zhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen Fan
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Taiwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 555 Zu-Chong-Zhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Moting Liu
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yanjie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 555 Zu-Chong-Zhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fang Bai
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Youhong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 555 Zu-Chong-Zhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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Taghvaei S, Sabouni F, Minuchehr Z. Evidence of Omics, Immune Infiltration, and Pharmacogenomic for SENP1 in the Pan-Cancer Cohort. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:700454. [PMID: 34276383 PMCID: PMC8280523 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.700454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sentrin specific-protease 1 (SENP1) is a protein involved in deSUMOylation that is almost overexpressed in cancer. SENP1 has a determinative role in the activation of transcription programs in the innate immune responses and the development B of and C lymphocytes. We found, SENP1 possibly plays a critical role in immune infiltration and acts as an expression marker in PAAD, ESCA, and THYM. CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and macrophages were more key-related immune cells, indicating that SENP1 might be introduced as a potential target for cancer immunotherapy. We further showed that dysregulation of SENP1 is powerfully associated with decreased patient survival and clinical stage. Total SENP1 protein also increases in cancer. SENP1 is also controlled by transcription factors (TFs) CREB1, KDM5A, REST, and YY1 that regulates apoptosis, cell cycle, cell proliferation, invasion, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. These TFs were in a positive correlation with SENP1. MiR-138-5p, miR-129-1-3p, and miR-129-2-3p also inhibit tumorigenesis through targeting of SENP1. The SENP1 expression level positively correlated with the expression levels of UBN1, SP3, SAP130, NUP98, NUP153 in 32 tumor types. SENP1 and correlated and binding genes: SAP130, NUP98, and NUP153 activated cell cycle. Consistent with this finding, drug analysis was indicated SENP1 is sensitive to cell cycle, apoptosis, and RTK signaling regulators. In the end, SENP1 and its expression-correlated and functional binding genes were enriched in cell cycle, apoptosis, cellular response to DNA damage stimulus. We found that the cell cycle is the main way for tumorigenesis by SENP1. SENP1 attenuates the effect of inhibitory drugs on the cell cycle. We also introduced effective FDA-Approved drugs that can inhibit SENP1. Therefore in the treatments in which these drugs are used, SENP1 inhibition is a suitable approach. This study supplies a wide analysis of the SENP1 across The Cancer Genome Atlas (CGA) cancer types. These results suggest the potential roles of SENP1 as a biomarker for cancer. Since these drugs and the drugs that cause to resistance are applied to cancer treatment, then these two class drugs can use to inhibition of SENP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayye Taghvaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sabouni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zarrin Minuchehr
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Varshosaz J, Fardshouraki S, Mirian M, Safaeian L, Jandaghian S, Taymouri S. Encapsulation of Imatinib in Targeted KIT-5 Nanoparticles for Reducing its Cardiotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1966-1980. [PMID: 32560620 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200619174323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor drug used in lymphoblastic leukemia, has always had limitations due to its cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity side effects. The objective of this study is to develop a target-oriented drug carrier to minimize these adverse effects by the controlled release of the drug. METHODS KIT-5 nanoparticles were functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and conjugated to rituximab as the targeting agent for the CD20 positive receptors of the B-cells. Then they were loaded with imatinib and their physical properties were characterized. The cell cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was studied by MTT assay in Ramos (CD20 positive) and Jurkat cell lines (CD20 negative) and their cellular uptake was shown by fluorescence microscope. Wistar rats received an intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg of the free drug or targeted nanoparticles for 21 days. Then the level of aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured in serum of animals. The cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity of the drug were also studied by hematoxylin and eosin staining of the tissues. RESULTS The targeted nanoparticles of imatinib showed to be more cytotoxic to Ramos cells rather than Jurkat cells. The results of the biochemical analysis displayed a significant reduction in AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH levels in animals treated with targeted nanoparticles, compared to the free drug group. By comparison with the free imatinib, histopathological results represented less cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in the animals, which received the drug through the current designed delivery system. CONCLUSION The obtained results confirmed that the rituximab targeted KIT-5 nanoparticles are promising in the controlled release of imatinib and could decrease its cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaleh Varshosaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Fardshouraki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Mirian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Leila Safaeian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Office of Research and Development, Vice Chancellery for Food and Drug, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Setareh Jandaghian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Taymouri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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12
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Qiu H, Ali Z, Bender A, Caldwell R, Chen YY, Fang Z, Gardberg A, Glaser N, Goettsche A, Goutopoulos A, Grenningloh R, Hanschke B, Head J, Johnson T, Jones C, Jones R, Kulkarni S, Maurer C, Morandi F, Neagu C, Poetzsch S, Potnick J, Schmidt R, Roe K, Viacava Follis A, Wing C, Zhu X, Sherer B. Discovery of potent and selective reversible Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 40:116163. [PMID: 33932711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a cytoplasmic, non-receptor tyrosine kinase member of the TEC family of tyrosine kinases. Pre-clinical and clinical data have shown that targeting BTK can be used for the treatment for B-cell disorders. Here we disclose the discovery of a novel imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine series of potent, selective reversible BTK inhibitors through a rational design approach. From a starting hit molecule 1, medicinal chemistry optimization led to the development of a lead compound 30, which exhibited 58 nM BTK inhibitory potency in human whole blood and high kinome selectivity. Additionally, the compound demonstrated favorable pharmacokinetics (PK), and showed potent dose-dependent efficacy in a rat CIA model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiu
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1).
| | - Zahid Ali
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Andrew Bender
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Richard Caldwell
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Yi-Ying Chen
- Stoke Therapeutics, 45 Wiggins Ave, Bedford, MA 01730, USA
| | - Zhizhou Fang
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, Hessen, DE 64293, Germany
| | - Anna Gardberg
- Constellation Pharmaceuticals, 215 First St #200, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nina Glaser
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, Hessen, DE 64293, Germany
| | - Anja Goettsche
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, Hessen, DE 64293, Germany
| | - Andreas Goutopoulos
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Roland Grenningloh
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Bettina Hanschke
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, Hessen, DE 64293, Germany
| | - Jared Head
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Theresa Johnson
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Christopher Jones
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Reinaldo Jones
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Shashank Kulkarni
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Christine Maurer
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, Hessen, DE 64293, Germany
| | - Federica Morandi
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Grenzacherstrasse 124, Basel, Basel-Stadt, CH 4070, Switzerland
| | - Constantin Neagu
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Sven Poetzsch
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, Hessen, DE 64293, Germany
| | - Justin Potnick
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Ralf Schmidt
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Katherine Roe
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Ariele Viacava Follis
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Carolyn Wing
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
| | - Brian Sherer
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA(1)
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13
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Baek HS, Hong VS, Kim SH, Lee J, Kim S. KMU-1170, a Novel Multi-Protein Kinase Inhibitor, Suppresses Inflammatory Signal Transduction in THP-1 Cells and Human Osteoarthritic Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes by Suppressing Activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031194. [PMID: 33530480 PMCID: PMC7865241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases regulate protein phosphorylation, which are involved in fundamental cellular processes such as inflammatory response. In this study, we discovered a novel multi-protein kinase inhibitor, KMU-1170, a derivative of indolin-2-one, and investigated the mechanisms of its inflammation-inhibiting signaling in both THP-1 cells and human osteoarthritic fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). We demonstrated that in THP-1 cells, KMU-1170 inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and, furthermore, suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1, JNK, ERK, inhibitor of NF-κB kinase α/β (IKKα/β), and NF-κB p65 as well as nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. Moreover, KMU-1170 suppressed LPS-induced upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, and, notably, inhibited LPS-induced upregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in THP-1 cells. Importantly, KMU-1170 attenuated LPS-mediated inflammatory responses in human osteoarthritic FLS, such as the upregulation of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 and the phosphorylation of IKKα/β and NF-κB p65. Collectively, these results suggest that KMU-1170 inhibits inflammatory signal transduction and could be developed as a potential anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Suk Baek
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea;
| | | | - Sang Hyon Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea;
- Institute of Medical Science, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
| | - Jinho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (S.K.); Tel.: +82-53-580-5183 (J.L.); +82-53-258-7359 (S.K.); Fax: +82-050-4154-2213 (J.L.); +82-53-258-7355 (S.K.)
| | - Shin Kim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea;
- Institute of Medical Science, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (S.K.); Tel.: +82-53-580-5183 (J.L.); +82-53-258-7359 (S.K.); Fax: +82-050-4154-2213 (J.L.); +82-53-258-7355 (S.K.)
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14
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Saidu NEB, Bonini C, Dickinson A, Grce M, Inngjerdingen M, Koehl U, Toubert A, Zeiser R, Galimberti S. New Approaches for the Treatment of Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease: Current Status and Future Directions. Front Immunol 2020; 11:578314. [PMID: 33162993 PMCID: PMC7583636 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.578314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) is a severe complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation that affects various organs leading to a reduced quality of life. The condition often requires enduring immunosuppressive therapy, which can also lead to the development of severe side effects. Several approaches including small molecule inhibitors, antibodies, cytokines, and cellular therapies are now being developed for the treatment of cGvHD, and some of these therapies have been or are currently tested in clinical trials. In this review, we discuss these emerging therapies with particular emphasis on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). TKIs are a class of compounds that inhibits tyrosine kinases, thereby preventing the dissemination of growth signals and activation of key cellular proteins that are involved in cell growth and division. Because they have been shown to inhibit key kinases in both B cells and T cells that are involved in the pathophysiology of cGvHD, TKIs present new promising therapeutic approaches. Ibrutinib, a Bruton tyrosine kinase (Btk) inhibitor, has recently been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States for the treatment of adult patients with cGvHD after failure of first-line of systemic therapy. Also, Janus Associated Kinases (JAK1 and JAK2) inhibitors, such as itacitinib (JAK1) and ruxolitinib (JAK1 and 2), are promising in the treatment of cGvHD. Herein, we present the current status and future directions of the use of these new drugs with particular spotlight on their targeting of specific intracellular signal transduction cascades important for cGvHD, in order to shed some light on their possible mode of actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Edward Bennett Saidu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chiara Bonini
- Experimental Hematology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Anne Dickinson
- Haematological Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Magdalena Grce
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marit Inngjerdingen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulrike Koehl
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Immunology, University Leipzig and Fraunhofer IZI, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antoine Toubert
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Inserm U1160, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et d`Histocompatibilité, AP-HP, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sara Galimberti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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15
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Relation of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Overexpression to the Resistance to Apoptosis of Tumor B Cells in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082124. [PMID: 32751884 PMCID: PMC7465759 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The resistance to apoptosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells partly results from the deregulated production of survival signals from leukemic cells. Despite the development of new therapies in CLL, drug resistance and disease relapse still occur. Recently, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a secreted glycoprotein, has been suggested to have a critical role in the biology of tumors. Thus, we investigated the relevance of NGAL in CLL pathogenesis, analyzed the expression of its cellular receptor (NGAL-R) on malignant B cells and tested whether CLL cells are resistant to apoptosis through an autocrine process involving NGAL and NGAL-R. We observed that NGAL concentrations were elevated in the serum of CLL patients at diagnosis. After treatment (and regardless of the therapeutic regimen), serum NGAL levels normalized in CLL patients in remission but not in relapsed patients. In parallel, NGAL and NGAL-R were upregulated in leukemic cells from untreated CLL patients when compared to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and returned to basal levels in PBMCs from patients in remission. Cultured CLL cells released endogenous NGAL. Anti-NGAL-R antibodies enhanced NGAL-R+ leukemia cell death. Conversely, recombinant NGAL protected NGAL-R+ CLL cells against apoptosis by activating a STAT3/Mcl-1 signaling pathway. Our results suggest that NGAL and NGAL-R, overexpressed in untreated CLL, participate in the deregulation of the apoptotic machinery in CLL cells, and may be potential therapeutic clues for CLL treatment.
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16
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Ingawale DK, Mandlik SK. New insights into the novel anti-inflammatory mode of action of glucocorticoids. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:59-73. [PMID: 32070175 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1728765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a physiological intrinsic host response to injury meant for removal of noxious stimuli and maintenance of homeostasis. It is a defensive body mechanism that involves immune cells, blood vessels and molecular mediators of inflammation. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroidal hormones responsible for regulation of homeostatic and metabolic functions of body. Synthetic GCs are the most useful anti-inflammatory drugs used for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), allergies, multiple sclerosis, tendinitis, lupus, atopic dermatitis, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis whereas, the long term use of GCs are associated with many side effects. The anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive (desired) effects of GCs are usually mediated by transrepression mechanism whereas; the metabolic and toxic (undesired) effects are usually manifested by transactivation mechanism. Though GCs are most potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs, the common problem associated with their use is GC resistance. Several research studies are rising to comprehend these mechanisms, which would be helpful in improving the GC resistance in asthma and COPD patients. This review aims to focus on identification of new drug targets in inflammation which will be helpful in the resolution of inflammation. The ample understanding of GC mechanisms of action helps in the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune disease with reduced side effects and minimal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa K Ingawale
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, India
| | - Satish K Mandlik
- Department of Pharmacology, Sinhgad College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
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17
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Autoimmune Complications in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in the Era of Targeted Drugs. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020282. [PMID: 31979293 PMCID: PMC7072470 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune phenomena are frequently observed in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and are mainly attributable to underlying dysfunctions of the immune system. Autoimmune cytopenias (AIC) affect 4-7% of patients with CLL and mainly consist of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immune thrombocytopenia. Although less common, non-hematological autoimmune manifestations have also been reported. Treatment of CLL associated AIC should be primarily directed against the autoimmune phenomenon, and CLL specific therapy should be reserved to refractory cases or patients with additional signs of disease progression. New targeted drugs (ibrutinib, idelalisib and venetoclax) recently entered the therapeutic armamentarium of CLL, showing excellent results in terms of efficacy and became an alternative option to standard chemo-immunotherapy for the management of CLL associated AIC. However, the possible role of these drugs in inducing or exacerbating autoimmune phenomena still needs to be elucidated. In this article, we review currently available data concerning autoimmune phenomena in patients with CLL, particularly focusing on patients treated with ibrutinib, idelalisib, or venetoclax, and we discuss the possible role of these agents in the management of AIC.
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18
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Qiu H, Caldwell R, Liu-Bujalski L, Goutopoulos A, Jones R, Potnick J, Sherer B, Bender A, Grenningloh R, Xu D, Gardberg A, Mochalkin I, Johnson T, Viacava Follis A, Head J, Morandi F. Discovery of Affinity-Based Probes for Btk Occupancy Assays. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:217-223. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiu
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute; 45A Middlesex Turnpike Billerica MA 01821 USA
| | - Richard Caldwell
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute; 45A Middlesex Turnpike Billerica MA 01821 USA
| | - Lesley Liu-Bujalski
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute; 45A Middlesex Turnpike Billerica MA 01821 USA
| | - Andreas Goutopoulos
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute; 45A Middlesex Turnpike Billerica MA 01821 USA
| | - Reinaldo Jones
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute; 45A Middlesex Turnpike Billerica MA 01821 USA
| | - Justin Potnick
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute; 45A Middlesex Turnpike Billerica MA 01821 USA
| | - Brian Sherer
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute; 45A Middlesex Turnpike Billerica MA 01821 USA
| | - Andrew Bender
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute; 45A Middlesex Turnpike Billerica MA 01821 USA
| | - Roland Grenningloh
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute; 45A Middlesex Turnpike Billerica MA 01821 USA
| | - Daigen Xu
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute; 45A Middlesex Turnpike Billerica MA 01821 USA
| | - Anna Gardberg
- Constellation Pharmaceuticals; 215 First Street, Suite 200 Cambridge MA 02142 USA
| | - Igor Mochalkin
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute; 45A Middlesex Turnpike Billerica MA 01821 USA
| | - Theresa Johnson
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute; 45A Middlesex Turnpike Billerica MA 01821 USA
| | - Ariele Viacava Follis
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute; 45A Middlesex Turnpike Billerica MA 01821 USA
| | - Jared Head
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute; 45A Middlesex Turnpike Billerica MA 01821 USA
| | - Federica Morandi
- Cellular Enzymology; F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG; Konzern-Hauptsitz; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
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19
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Qiu H, Liu-Bujalski L, Caldwell RD, Viacava Follis A, Gardberg A, Goutopoulos A, Grenningloh R, Head J, Johnson T, Jones CC, Jones R, Mochalkin I, Morandi F, Neagu C, Potnick J, Sherer B. Optimization of the efflux ratio and permeability of covalent irreversible BTK inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:3307-3311. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Crawford JJ, Johnson AR, Misner DL, Belmont LD, Castanedo G, Choy R, Coraggio M, Dong L, Eigenbrot C, Erickson R, Ghilardi N, Hau J, Katewa A, Kohli PB, Lee W, Lubach JW, McKenzie BS, Ortwine DF, Schutt L, Tay S, Wei B, Reif K, Liu L, Wong H, Young WB. Discovery of GDC-0853: A Potent, Selective, and Noncovalent Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor in Early Clinical Development. J Med Chem 2018; 61:2227-2245. [PMID: 29457982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) is a nonreceptor cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase involved in B-cell and myeloid cell activation, downstream of B-cell and Fcγ receptors, respectively. Preclinical studies have indicated that inhibition of Btk activity might offer a potential therapy in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Here we disclose the discovery and preclinical characterization of a potent, selective, and noncovalent Btk inhibitor currently in clinical development. GDC-0853 (29) suppresses B cell- and myeloid cell-mediated components of disease and demonstrates dose-dependent activity in an in vivo rat model of inflammatory arthritis. It demonstrates highly favorable safety, pharmacokinetic (PK), and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles in preclinical and Phase 2 studies ongoing in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and chronic spontaneous urticaria. On the basis of its potency, selectivity, long target residence time, and noncovalent mode of inhibition, 29 has the potential to be a best-in-class Btk inhibitor for a wide range of immunological indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Crawford
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Adam R Johnson
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Dinah L Misner
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Lisa D Belmont
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Georgette Castanedo
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Regina Choy
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Melis Coraggio
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Liming Dong
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Charles Eigenbrot
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Rebecca Erickson
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Nico Ghilardi
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Jonathan Hau
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Arna Katewa
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Pawan Bir Kohli
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Wendy Lee
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Joseph W Lubach
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Brent S McKenzie
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Daniel F Ortwine
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Leah Schutt
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Suzanne Tay
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - BinQing Wei
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Karin Reif
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Lichuan Liu
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Harvey Wong
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Wendy B Young
- Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
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21
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Abstract
The development of therapies for the treatment of neurological cancer faces a number of major challenges including the synthesis of small molecule agents that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Given the likelihood that in many cases drug exposure will be lower in the CNS than in systemic circulation, it follows that strategies should be employed that can sustain target engagement at low drug concentration. Time dependent target occupancy is a function of both the drug and target concentration as well as the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters that describe the binding reaction coordinate, and sustained target occupancy can be achieved through structural modifications that increase target (re)binding and/or that decrease the rate of drug dissociation. The discovery and deployment of compounds with optimized kinetic effects requires information on the structure-kinetic relationships that modulate the kinetics of binding, and the molecular factors that control the translation of drug-target kinetics to time-dependent drug activity in the disease state. This Review first introduces the potential benefits of drug-target kinetics, such as the ability to delineate both thermodynamic and kinetic selectivity, and then describes factors, such as target vulnerability, that impact the utility of kinetic selectivity. The Review concludes with a description of a mechanistic PK/PD model that integrates drug-target kinetics into predictions of drug activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Tonge
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Departments of Chemistry and Radiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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22
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Guo L, Lin P, Xiong H, Tu S, Chen G. Molecular heterogeneity in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and its implications in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1869:85-96. [PMID: 29337112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over half of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) can be cured by standard R-CHOP treatment (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone). However, the remaining patients are refractory and ultimately succumb to progressive or relapsed disease. During the past decade, there has been significant progress in the understanding of molecular mechanisms in DLBCL, largely owing to collaborative efforts in large-scale gene expression profiling and deep sequencing, which have identified genetic alterations critical in lymphomagenesis through activation of key signaling transduction pathways in DLBCL. These discoveries have not only led to the development of targeted therapies, including several currently in clinical trials, but also laid a solid foundation for the future identification of more effective therapies for patients not curable by R-CHOP. This review summarizes the recent advances in our understanding of the molecular characterization and pathogenesis of DLBCL and new treatment directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingchuan Guo
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China.
| | - Pei Lin
- Department of Hematopathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Box 72, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Hui Xiong
- Shanghai Righton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, 1698 Wangyuan Road, Building 12, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Shichun Tu
- Shanghai Righton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, 1698 Wangyuan Road, Building 12, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China; Scintillon Institute for Biomedical and Bioenergy Research, 6888 Nancy Ridge Dr., San Diego, CA 92121, USA; Allele Biotechnology & Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 6404 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology of Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, 420 Fuma Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350014, China.
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23
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Akinfenwa PY, Bond WS, Ildefonso CJ, Hurwitz MY, Hurwitz RL. Versican G1 domain enhances adenoviral-mediated transgene expression and can be modulated by inhibitors of the Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT and Src family kinase pathways. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:14381-14390. [PMID: 28684419 PMCID: PMC5582833 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.773549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine the biochemical influences that may contribute to the success of gene therapy for ocular disorders, the role of versican, a vitreous component, in adenoviral-mediated transgene expression was examined. Versican is a large chondroitin sulfate-containing, hyaluronic acid-binding proteoglycan present in the extracellular matrix and in ocular vitreous body. Y79 retinoblastoma cells and CD44-negative SK-N-DZ neuroblastoma cells transduced with adenoviral vectors in the presence of versican respond with an activation of transgene expression. Proteolysis of versican generates a hyaluronan-binding G1 domain. The addition of recombinant versican G1 to SK-N-DZ cells results in a similar activation of transgene expression, and treatment with dasatinib, an inhibitor of Src family kinases, also mimics the effects of versican. Enhancement is accompanied by an increase in signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) phosphorylation and is abrogated by treatment with C188-9, a STAT3/5 inhibitor, or with ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase 1/2 (JAK1/2) inhibitor. These data implicate versican G1 in enhancing adenoviral vector transgene expression in a hyaluronic acid-CD44 independent manner that is down-regulated by inhibitors of the JAK/STAT pathway and enhanced by inhibitors of the Src kinase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Y Akinfenwa
- From the Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine.,the Departments of Pediatrics
| | - Wesley S Bond
- From the Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine.,the Departments of Pediatrics.,Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, and
| | - Cristhian J Ildefonso
- From the Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine.,the Departments of Pediatrics.,Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, and
| | - Mary Y Hurwitz
- the Departments of Pediatrics.,Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, and.,Center for Cell and Gene Therapy and
| | - Richard L Hurwitz
- From the Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, .,the Departments of Pediatrics.,Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, and.,Center for Cell and Gene Therapy and.,Molecular and Cellular Biology, and.,Ophthalmology Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
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24
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Oxindole-based SYK and JAK3 dual inhibitors for rheumatoid arthritis: designing, synthesis and biological evaluation. Future Med Chem 2017; 9:1193-1211. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Autoimmune disorders have complex pathophysiology and focus is laid on the development of multitargeted agents. Two well-established kinases: SYK and JAK3, were considered to design dual inhibitors as potential therapeutics using various molecular-modeling approaches. Mehodology: Pharmacophore models for SYK and JAK3 were generated using oxindole-based inhibitors. Furthermore, an in-house database was designed that was screened against the best selected models. The obtained hits were employed for docking analysis and subjected to MM-GBSA analysis and molecular dynamic simulation. Results: Top five oxindole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro SYK and JAK3 activity. The most active compound 4a was evaluated for in vivo antiarthritic activity. It showed significant anti-arthritic activity. Conclusion: Thus, the designed inhibitors resulted in potential therapeutic agents for rheumatoid arthritis.
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25
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Wang X, Barbosa J, Blomgren P, Bremer MC, Chen J, Crawford JJ, Deng W, Dong L, Eigenbrot C, Gallion S, Hau J, Hu H, Johnson AR, Katewa A, Kropf JE, Lee SH, Liu L, Lubach JW, Macaluso J, Maciejewski P, Mitchell SA, Ortwine DF, DiPaolo J, Reif K, Scheerens H, Schmitt A, Wong H, Xiong JM, Xu J, Zhao Z, Zhou F, Currie KS, Young WB. Discovery of Potent and Selective Tricyclic Inhibitors of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase with Improved Druglike Properties. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017. [PMID: 28626519 PMCID: PMC5467183 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
In our continued effort to discover
and develop best-in-class Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk) inhibitors
for the treatment of B-cell lymphomas, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic
lupus erythematosus, we devised a series of novel tricyclic compounds
that improved upon the druglike properties of our previous chemical
matter. Compounds exemplified by G-744 are highly potent,
selective for Btk, metabolically stable, well tolerated, and efficacious
in an animal model of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wang
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - James Barbosa
- Gilead
Sciences (formerly CGI Pharmaceuticals), 199 East Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Peter Blomgren
- Gilead
Sciences (formerly CGI Pharmaceuticals), 199 East Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Meire C. Bremer
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jacob Chen
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - James J. Crawford
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Wei Deng
- ChemPartner, No. 1 Building,
998 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China 201203
| | - Liming Dong
- ChemPartner, No. 1 Building,
998 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China 201203
| | - Charles Eigenbrot
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Steve Gallion
- Gilead
Sciences (formerly CGI Pharmaceuticals), 199 East Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Jonathon Hau
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Huiyong Hu
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Adam R. Johnson
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Arna Katewa
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jeffrey E. Kropf
- Gilead
Sciences (formerly CGI Pharmaceuticals), 199 East Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Seung H. Lee
- Gilead
Sciences (formerly CGI Pharmaceuticals), 199 East Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Lichuan Liu
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Joseph W. Lubach
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jen Macaluso
- Gilead
Sciences (formerly CGI Pharmaceuticals), 199 East Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Pat Maciejewski
- Gilead
Sciences (formerly CGI Pharmaceuticals), 199 East Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Scott A. Mitchell
- Gilead
Sciences (formerly CGI Pharmaceuticals), 199 East Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Daniel F. Ortwine
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Julie DiPaolo
- Gilead
Sciences (formerly CGI Pharmaceuticals), 199 East Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Karin Reif
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Heleen Scheerens
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Aaron Schmitt
- Gilead
Sciences (formerly CGI Pharmaceuticals), 199 East Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Harvey Wong
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jin-Ming Xiong
- Gilead
Sciences (formerly CGI Pharmaceuticals), 199 East Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Jianjun Xu
- Gilead
Sciences (formerly CGI Pharmaceuticals), 199 East Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Zhongdong Zhao
- Gilead
Sciences (formerly CGI Pharmaceuticals), 199 East Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Fusheng Zhou
- ChemPartner, No. 1 Building,
998 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China 201203
| | - Kevin S. Currie
- Gilead
Sciences (formerly CGI Pharmaceuticals), 199 East Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Wendy B. Young
- Genentech, Inc., Research and
Early Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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26
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Demirci FY, Wang X, Morris DL, Feingold E, Bernatsky S, Pineau C, Clarke A, Ramsey-Goldman R, Manzi S, Vyse TJ, Kamboh MI. Multiple signals at the extended 8p23 locus are associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus. J Med Genet 2017; 54:381-389. [PMID: 28289186 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-104247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility locus lies within a common inversion polymorphism region (encompassing 3.8 - 4.5 Mb) located at 8p23. Initially implicated genes included FAM167A-BLK and XKR6, of which BLK received major attention due to its known role in B-cell biology. Recently, additional SLE risk carried in non-inverted background was also reported. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS In this case -control study, we further investigated the 'extended' 8p23 locus (~ 4 Mb) where we observed multiple SLE signals and assessed these signals for their relation to the inversion affecting this region. The study involved a North American discovery data set (~ 1200 subjects) and a replication data set (> 10 000 subjects) comprising European-descent individuals. RESULTS Meta-analysis of 8p23 SNPs, with p < 0.05 in both data sets, identified 51 genome-wide significant SNPs (p < 5.0 × 10-8). While most of these SNPs were related to previously implicated signals (XKR6-FAM167A-BLK subregion), our results also revealed two 'new' SLE signals, including SGK223-CLDN23-MFHAS1 (6.06 × 10-9 ≤ meta p ≤ 4.88 × 10-8) and CTSB (meta p = 4.87 × 10-8) subregions that are located > 2 Mb upstream and ~ 0.3 Mb downstream from previously reported signals. Functional assessment of relevant SNPs indicated putative cis-effects on the expression of various genes at 8p23. Additional analyses in discovery sample, where the inversion genotypes were inferred, replicated the association of non-inverted status with SLE risk and suggested that a number of SLE risk alleles are predominantly carried in non-inverted background. CONCLUSIONS Our results implicate multiple (known+novel) SLE signals/genes at the extended 8p23 locus, beyond previously reported signals/genes, and suggest that this broad locus contributes to SLE risk through the effects of multiple genes/pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Yesim Demirci
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Xingbin Wang
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - David L Morris
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Sasha Bernatsky
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Christian Pineau
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ann Clarke
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman
- Division of Rheumatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - Susan Manzi
- Department of Medicine, Lupus Center of Excellence, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Timothy J Vyse
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - M I Kamboh
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
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27
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Kaur M, Silakari O. Ligand-based and e-pharmacophore modeling, 3D-QSAR and hierarchical virtual screening to identify dual inhibitors of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and janus kinase 3 (JAK3). J Biomol Struct Dyn 2016; 35:3043-3060. [PMID: 27678281 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2016.1240108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The clinical efficacy of multiple kinase inhibitors has caught the interest of Pharmaceutical and Biotech researchers to develop potential drugs with multi-kinase inhibitory activity for complex diseases. In the present work, we attempted to identify dual inhibitors of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and janus kinase 3 (JAK3), keys players in immune signaling, by developing ideal pharmacophores integrating Ligand-based pharmacophore models (LBPMs) and Structure-based pharmacophore models (SBPMs), thereby projecting the optimum pharmacophoric required for inhibition of both the kinases. The four point LBPM; ADPR.14 suggested the presence of one hydrogen bond acceptor, one hydrogen bond donor, one positive ionizable, and one ring aromatic feature for Syk inhibitory activity and AADH.54 proposed the necessity of two hydrogen bond acceptor, one hydrogen bond donor, and one hydrophobic feature for JAK3 inhibitory activity. To our interest, SBPMs identified additional ring aromatic features required for inhibition of both the kinases. For Syk inhibitory activity, the hydrogen bond acceptor feature indicated by LBPM was devoid of forming hydrogen bonding interaction with the hinge region amino acid residue (Ala451). Thus merging the information revealed by both LBPMs and SBPMs, ideal pharmacophore models i.e. ADPRR.14 (Syk) and AADHR.54 (JAK3) were generated. These models after rigorous statistical validation were used for screening of Asinex database. The systematic virtual screening protocol, including pharmacophore and docking-based screening, ADME property, and MM-GBSA energy calculations, retrieved final 10 hits as dual inhibitors of Syk and JAK3. Final 10 hits thus obtained can aid in the development of potential therapeutic agents for autoimmune disorders. Also the top two hits were evaluated against both the enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maninder Kaur
- a Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research , Punjabi University , Patiala , Punjab 147002 , India
| | - Om Silakari
- a Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research , Punjabi University , Patiala , Punjab 147002 , India
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28
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Laurenzana I, Caivano A, La Rocca F, Trino S, De Luca L, D'Alessio F, Schenone S, Falco G, Botta M, Del Vecchio L, Musto P. A Pyrazolo[3,4- d]pyrimidine Compound Reduces Cell Viability and Induces Apoptosis in Different Hematological Malignancies. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:416. [PMID: 27872592 PMCID: PMC5098387 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular targeted therapies are based upon drugs acting on tumors by interfering with specific targets involved in growth and spread of cancer. Many targeted therapies were approved by Food and Drug Administration as standard treatment, others were introduced into preclinical or clinical studies on hematological malignancies (HMs). The development of drug-resistance in some HMs and the lack of effective treatments in other ones emphasized the need for searching new molecular targets and therapeutic agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 4c pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine compound, a Src inhibitor, on lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms. Here, we demonstrated its ability to reduce cell viability, induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in lymphoid cell lines such as Jurkat, SKMM1, Derl-2/7, and myeloid cell lines, such as Jurl-MK1. Moreover, we reported a high expression of a Src kinase, Fyn, in these cell lines compared to healthy subjects. This study was a starting point to investigate 4c pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine compound as a drug for HMs and Src kinases as its potential molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Laurenzana
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS - Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), Rionero in Vulture Potenza, Italy
| | - Antonella Caivano
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS - Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), Rionero in Vulture Potenza, Italy
| | - Francesco La Rocca
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS - Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), Rionero in Vulture Potenza, Italy
| | - Stefania Trino
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS - Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), Rionero in Vulture Potenza, Italy
| | - Luciana De Luca
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS - Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), Rionero in Vulture Potenza, Italy
| | | | | | - Geppino Falco
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Botta
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena Siena, Italy
| | - Luigi Del Vecchio
- Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a.r.l., CEINGENapoli, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS - Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), Rionero in Vulture Potenza, Italy
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29
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Can G, Ayvaz S, Can H, Karaboğa İ, Demirtaş S, Akşit H, Yılmaz B, Korkmaz U, Kurt M, Karaca T. The efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib on colonic mucosal damage in murine model of colitis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2016; 40:504-16. [PMID: 26823039 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory condition of the colon in the gastrointestinal system. Currently, the most potent medications used for ulcerative colitis produce no response in 20-30% of cases. There is a need for more efficient and reliable medications. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have shown efficacy in some inflammatory diseases. Although dasatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, suppresses proinflammatory cytokines in colonic tissue, there are a few cases of hemorrhagic colitis with dasatinib. There is no study investigating the effect of dasatinib on experimental colitis. We aimed to investigate the effect of dasatinib in a colitis model induced with acetic acid in our study. METHODS In the study, 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly distributed into 4 groups of 6 rats each as control, dasatinib, colitis and dasatinib+colitis groups. For colitis induction, 4% acetic acid was used. Sacrificing of the rats was performed on the seventh day. Disease activity, morphologic and histological injury, superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde activity, TNFα and CD3 expression were assessed in colonic tissue. RESULTS Apart from malondialdehyde, significant difference in all parameters between the control and colitis groups was determined. Difference between the colitis and colitis+dasatinib groups was not significant in only weight loss and biochemical parameters. Though dasatinib does not fully resolve the changes in colitis, there was significant regression. CONCLUSIONS Dasatinib decreased the inflammation in a rodent model of colitis. It may be provide this effect by the suppression of TNFα. Dasatinib may be one of the treatment options for ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güray Can
- Department of Gastroenterology, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Gölköy, 14280 Bolu, Turkey.
| | - Süleyman Ayvaz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey.
| | - Hatice Can
- Department of Internal Medicine, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Bolu, Turkey.
| | - İhsan Karaboğa
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey.
| | - Selim Demirtaş
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Akşit
- Department of Biochemistry, Balıkesir University, Faculty of Veterinary, Balıkesir, Turkey.
| | - Bülent Yılmaz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Selçuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Uğur Korkmaz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Gölköy, 14280 Bolu, Turkey.
| | - Mevlüt Kurt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Gölköy, 14280 Bolu, Turkey.
| | - Turan Karaca
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey.
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30
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Nyhoff LE, Barron B, Johnson EM, Bonami RH, Maseda D, Fensterheim BA, Han W, Blackwell TS, Crofford LJ, Kendall PL. Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Deficiency Inhibits Autoimmune Arthritis in Mice but Fails to Block Immune Complex-Mediated Inflammatory Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2016; 68:1856-68. [PMID: 26945549 PMCID: PMC5668904 DOI: 10.1002/art.39657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a B cell signaling protein that also contributes to innate immunity. BTK inhibitors prevent autoimmune arthritis but have off-target effects, and the mechanisms of protection remain unknown. We undertook these studies using genetic deletion to investigate the role of BTK in adaptive and innate immune responses that drive inflammatory arthritis. METHODS BTK-deficient K/BxN mice were generated to study the role of BTK in a spontaneous model that requires both adaptive and innate immunity. The K/BxN serum-transfer model was used to bypass the adaptive system and elucidate the role of BTK in innate immune contributions to arthritis. RESULTS BTK deficiency conferred disease protection to K/BxN mice, confirming outcomes of BTK inhibitors. B lymphocytes were profoundly reduced, more than in other models of BTK deficiency. Subset analysis revealed loss of B cells at all developmental stages. Germinal center B cells were also decreased, with downstream effects on numbers of follicular helper T cells and greatly reduced autoantibodies. In contrast, total IgG was only mildly decreased. Strikingly, and in contrast to small molecule inhibitors, BTK deficiency had no effect in the serum-transfer model of arthritis. CONCLUSION BTK contributes to autoimmune arthritis primarily through its role in B cell signaling and not through innate immune components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay E. Nyhoff
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Bridgette Barron
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Elizabeth M. Johnson
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Rachel H. Bonami
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Damian Maseda
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Benjamin A. Fensterheim
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Wei Han
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Timothy S. Blackwell
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Leslie J. Crofford
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Peggy L. Kendall
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
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31
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Wang X, Wong J, Sevinsky CJ, Kokabee L, Khan F, Sun Y, Conklin DS. Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Prevent Therapeutic Escape in Breast Cancer Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:2198-208. [PMID: 27256378 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We have reported that a novel isoform of BTK (BTK-C) expressed in breast cancer protects these cells from apoptosis. In this study, we show that recently developed inhibitors of BTK, such as ibrutinib (PCI-32765), AVL-292, and CGI-1746, reduce breast cancer cell survival and prevent drug-resistant clones from arising. Ibrutinib treatment impacts HER2(+) breast cancer cell viability at lower concentrations than the established breast cancer therapeutic lapatinib. In addition to inhibiting BTK, ibrutinib, but not AVL-292 and CGI-1746, efficiently blocks the activation of EGFR, HER2, ErbB3, and ErbB4. Consequently, the activation of AKT and ERK signaling pathways are also blocked leading to a G1-S cell-cycle delay and increased apoptosis. Importantly, inhibition of BTK prevents activation of the AKT signaling pathway by NRG or EGF that has been shown to promote growth factor-driven lapatinib resistance in HER2(+) breast cancer cells. HER2(+) breast cancer cell proliferation is blocked by ibrutinib even in the presence of these factors. AVL-292, which has no effect on EGFR family activation, prevents NRG- and EGF-dependent growth factor-driven resistance to lapatinib in HER2(+) breast cancer cells. In vivo, ibrutinib inhibits HER2(+) xenograft tumor growth. Consistent with this, immunofluorescence analysis of xenograft tumors shows that ibrutinib reduces the phosphorylation of HER2, BTK, Akt, and Erk and histone H3 and increases cleaved caspase-3 signals. As BTK-C and HER2 are often coexpressed in human breast cancers, these observations indicate that BTK-C is a potential therapeutic target and that ibrutinib could be an effective drug especially for HER2(+) breast cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(9); 2198-208. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhui Wang
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Jason Wong
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Christopher J Sevinsky
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Leila Kokabee
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York. Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faiza Khan
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Yan Sun
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Douglas S Conklin
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York.
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Vitale C, Ahn IE, Sivina M, Ferrajoli A, Wierda WG, Estrov Z, Konoplev SN, Jain N, O'Brien S, Farooqui M, Keating MJ, Wiestner A, Burger JA. Autoimmune cytopenias in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with ibrutinib. Haematologica 2016; 101:e254-8. [PMID: 27013651 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2015.138289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Candida Vitale
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Inhye E Ahn
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mariela Sivina
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alessandra Ferrajoli
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - William G Wierda
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zeev Estrov
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sergej N Konoplev
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nitin Jain
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan O'Brien
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Mohammed Farooqui
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael J Keating
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adrian Wiestner
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jan A Burger
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Crofford LJ, Nyhoff LE, Sheehan JH, Kendall PL. The role of Bruton's tyrosine kinase in autoimmunity and implications for therapy. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2016; 12:763-73. [PMID: 26864273 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2016.1152888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) mediates B cell signaling and is also present in innate immune cells but not T cells. BTK propagates B cell receptor (BCR) responses to antigen-engagement as well as to stimulation via CD40, toll-like receptors (TLRs), Fc receptors (FCRs) and chemokine receptors. Importantly, BTK can modulate signaling, acting as a "rheostat" rather than an "on-off" switch; thus, overexpression leads to autoimmunity while decreased levels improve autoimmune disease outcomes. Autoreactive B cells depend upon BTK for survival to a greater degree than normal B cells, reflected as loss of autoantibodies with maintenance of total antibody levels when BTK is absent. This review describes contributions of BTK to immune tolerance, including studies testing BTK-inhibitors for treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie J Crofford
- a Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Medicine , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , TN , USA.,b Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , TN , USA
| | - Lindsay E Nyhoff
- b Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , TN , USA
| | - Jonathan H Sheehan
- c Center for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , TN , USA
| | - Peggy L Kendall
- b Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , TN , USA.,d Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , TN , USA
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Seyed MA, Jantan I, Bukhari SNA, Vijayaraghavan K. A Comprehensive Review on the Chemotherapeutic Potential of Piceatannol for Cancer Treatment, with Mechanistic Insights. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:725-37. [PMID: 26758628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a diverse class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth that constitutes the greatest cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite steady progress, the treatment modalities of cancer are still insufficient. Several new concepts have emerged for therapeutic intervention in malignant diseases with the goal of identifying specific targets and overcoming resistance against current cytotoxic therapies. Many studies have reported the remarkable and significant properties of dietary plant polyphenols such as curcumin, resveratrol, flavopiridol, indirubin, magnolol, piceatannol, parthenolide, epigallocatechin gallate, and cucurbitacin as anticancer agents known for their pleiotropic effects on cancer, immune cells, and inflammation. Piceatannol, an analogue and metabolite of resveratrol, is a natural stilbene commonly found in grape skins and wine. Compared to resveratrol, this molecule exhibits superior bioactivities as an inhibitor of COX-1/2 and the CSN-associated kinase. Piceatannol is thought to be a potent natural compound with many therapeutic effects, such as the prevention of hypercholesterolemia, arrhythmia, atherosclerosis, angiogenesis, and cardiovascular diseases. It also demonstrates vasorelaxation, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. This comprehensive review summarizes the current data regarding the mechanisms of action of piceatannol, its chemopreventive properties, and its possible therapeutic potential against various types of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ali Seyed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), The National University of Malaysia , Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman University , Seethakathi Estate, Vandalur, 600048 Chennai, India
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk , Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), The National University of Malaysia , Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), The National University of Malaysia , Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kavitha Vijayaraghavan
- School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman University , Seethakathi Estate, Vandalur, 600048 Chennai, India
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Young WB, Barbosa J, Blomgren P, Bremer MC, Crawford JJ, Dambach D, Eigenbrot C, Gallion S, Johnson AR, Kropf JE, Lee SH, Liu L, Lubach JW, Macaluso J, Maciejewski P, Mitchell SA, Ortwine DF, Di Paolo J, Reif K, Scheerens H, Schmitt A, Wang X, Wong H, Xiong JM, Xu J, Yu C, Zhao Z, Currie KS. Discovery of highly potent and selective Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors: Pyridazinone analogs with improved metabolic stability. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:575-579. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 7-substituted 3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-4-amines as potent Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:6250-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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McNally GA, Long JM, Brophy LR, Badillo MR. Ibrutinib: Implications for Use in the Treatment of Mantle Cell Lymphoma and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. J Adv Pract Oncol 2015; 6:420-31. [PMID: 27069735 PMCID: PMC4803460 DOI: 10.6004/jadpro.2015.6.5.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Anne McNally
- 1The Ohio State University-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; 2Whittingham Cancer Center, Norwalk Hospital, Norwalk, Connecticut; 3TriHealth Cancer Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio; 4MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jennifer M Long
- 1The Ohio State University-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; 2Whittingham Cancer Center, Norwalk Hospital, Norwalk, Connecticut; 3TriHealth Cancer Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio; 4MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lynne R Brophy
- 1The Ohio State University-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; 2Whittingham Cancer Center, Norwalk Hospital, Norwalk, Connecticut; 3TriHealth Cancer Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio; 4MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Maria R Badillo
- 1The Ohio State University-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; 2Whittingham Cancer Center, Norwalk Hospital, Norwalk, Connecticut; 3TriHealth Cancer Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio; 4MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Kaneshiro S, Ebina K, Shi K, Yoshida K, Otsuki D, Yoshikawa H, Higuchi C. Bruton tyrosine kinase (Btk) suppresses osteoblastic differentiation. J Bone Miner Metab 2015; 33:486-95. [PMID: 25230818 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-014-0612-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Tec family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases has been shown to play a key role in inflammation and bone destruction. Bruton tyrosine kinase (Btk) has been the most widely studied because of its critical role in B cells. Furthermore, recent evidence has demonstrated that blocking Btk signaling is effective in ameliorating lymphoma progression and experimental arthritis. The role of Btk in osteoblastic differentiation has not been well elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated the role of Btk in osteoblastic differentiation and investigated the effects of a Btk inhibitor on osteoblastic differentiation in mouse preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, primary calvarial osteoblasts, and bone marrow stromal ST2 cells. Btk expression was detected in all three cell lines. Btk inhibition stimulated mRNA expression of osteoblastic markers (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and osterix) and promoted mineralization of the extracellular matrix. In addition, Btk knockdown caused increased mRNA expression of osteoblastic markers. Furthermore, Btk inhibition suppressed the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), and protein kinase Cα (PKCα). Our results indicate that Btk may regulate osteoblastic differentiation through the MAPK, NFκB, and PKCα signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Kaneshiro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Kutsch N, Marks R, Ratei R, Held TK, Schmidt-Hieber M. Role of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Indolent and Other Mature B-Cell Neoplasms. Biomark Insights 2015; 10:15-23. [PMID: 26327780 PMCID: PMC4539014 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s22434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting tyrosine kinases represents a highly specific treatment approach for different malignancies. This also includes non-Hodgkin lymphoma since it is well known that these enzymes are frequently involved in the lymphomagenesis. Hereby, tyrosine kinases might either be dysregulated intrinsically or be activated within signal transduction pathways leading to tumor survival and growth. Among others, Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) is of particular interest as a potential therapeutic target. Btk is stimulated by B-cell receptor signaling and activates different transcription factors such as nuclear factor κB. The Btk inhibitor ibrutinib has been approved for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and mantle-cell lymphoma recently. Numerous clinical trials evaluating this agent in different combinations (eg, with rituximab or classical chemotherapeutic agents) as a treatment option for aggressive and indolent lymphoma are under way. Here, we summarize the role of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of indolent and other non-Hodgkin lymphomas (eg, mantle-cell lymphoma).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Kutsch
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Marks
- Clinic for Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Richard Ratei
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, HELIOS Clinic Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas K Held
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, HELIOS Clinic Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Schmidt-Hieber
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, HELIOS Clinic Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
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Robak P, Smolewski P, Robak T. Emerging immunological drugs for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2015; 20:423-47. [PMID: 26153226 DOI: 10.1517/14728214.2015.1046432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the last few years, several new immunological drugs, particularly monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), immunomodulatory drugs and B-cell receptor (BCR) pathway inhibitors have been developed and investigated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). This article summarizes recent discoveries regarding their mechanism of action, pharmacological properties, clinical activity and toxicity, as well as the emerging role of these agents in CLL. AREAS COVERED A literature review of mAbs, BCR pathway inhibitors and immunomodulating drugs was conducted of the MEDLINE database via PubMed for articles in English. Publications from 2000 through February 2015 were scrutinized. The search terms used were alemtuzumab, BI 836826, duvelisib ibrutinib, idelalisib, lenalidomide, monoclonal antibodies, MEDI-551, MOR208, obinutuzumab, ocaratuzumab, ofatumumab, ONO-4059, otlertuzumab, spebrutinib, veltuzumab and XmAb5574 in conjunction with CLL. Conference proceedings from the previous 5 years of the American Society of Hematology, European Hematology Association, American Society of Clinical Oncology, and ACR/ARHP Annual Scientific Meetings were searched manually. Additional relevant publications were obtained by reviewing the references from the chosen articles. EXPERT OPINION The use of mAbs, BCR inhibitors and immunomodulating drugs is a promising new strategy for chemotherapy-free treatment of CLL. However, definitive data from ongoing and future clinical trials will aid in better defining the status of immunological drugs in the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Robak
- a Medical University of Lodz, Departments of Experimental Hematology and Hematology, Copernicus Memorial Hospital , 93-510 Lodz, Ul. Ciolkowskiego 2, Poland +48 42 689 51 91 ; +48 42 689 51 92 ;
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Korycka-Wołowiec A, Wołowiec D, Robak T. Pharmacodynamic considerations of small molecule targeted therapy for treating B-cell malignancies in the elderly. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 11:1371-91. [DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2015.1055246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Zhao X, Xin M, Wang Y, Huang W, Jin Q, Tang F, Wu G, Zhao Y, Xiang H. Discovery of thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-4-amines as novel Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:6059-68. [PMID: 26277759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of BTK inhibitors bearing thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-4-amine framework as the core scaffold were designed, synthesized and well characterized. In this paper, twenty one compounds displayed variant inhibitory activities against BTK in vitro, and compound 14 g showed the most potent inhibitory activity against BTK enzyme, with the IC50 value of 12.8 nM. Moreover, compounds 14 g displayed relatively good kinase selectivity and was subsequently evaluated in vivo for profiling its PK properties. This work identified the thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-4-amine derivatives as novel BTK inhibitors and verified the value of thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-4-amine scaffold in drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinge Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuan Wu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Minhang Xin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuan Wu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Qiu Jin
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuan Wu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Feng Tang
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuan Wu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Gang Wu
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuan Wu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuan Wu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Hua Xiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Fabbro D, Cowan-Jacob SW, Moebitz H. Ten things you should know about protein kinases: IUPHAR Review 14. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:2675-700. [PMID: 25630872 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many human malignancies are associated with aberrant regulation of protein or lipid kinases due to mutations, chromosomal rearrangements and/or gene amplification. Protein and lipid kinases represent an important target class for treating human disorders. This review focus on 'the 10 things you should know about protein kinases and their inhibitors', including a short introduction on the history of protein kinases and their inhibitors and ending with a perspective on kinase drug discovery. Although the '10 things' have been, to a certain extent, chosen arbitrarily, they cover in a comprehensive way the past and present efforts in kinase drug discovery and summarize the status quo of the current kinase inhibitors as well as knowledge about kinase structure and binding modes. Besides describing the potentials of protein kinase inhibitors as drugs, this review also focus on their limitations, particularly on how to circumvent emerging resistance against kinase inhibitors in oncological indications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Henrik Moebitz
- Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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Guendel I, Iordanskiy S, Sampey GC, Van Duyne R, Calvert V, Petricoin E, Saifuddin M, Kehn-Hall K, Kashanchi F. Role of Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors in HIV-1-infected cells. J Neurovirol 2015; 21:257-75. [PMID: 25672887 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-015-0323-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Many cellular cofactors have been documented to be critical for various stages of viral replication. Using high-throughput proteomic assays, we have previously identified Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) as a host protein that was uniquely upregulated in the plasma membrane of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1)-infected T cells. Here, we have further characterized the BTK expression in HIV-1 infection and show that this cellular factor is specifically expressed in infected myeloid cells. Significant upregulation of the phosphorylated form of BTK was observed in infected cells. Using size exclusion chromatography, we found BTK to be virtually absent in the uninfected U937 cells; however, new BTK protein complexes were identified and distributed in both high molecular weight (∼600 kDa) and a small molecular weight complex (∼60-120 kDa) in the infected U1 cells. BTK levels were highest in cells either chronically expressing virus or induced/infected myeloid cells and that BTK translocated to the membrane following induction of the infected cells. BTK knockdown in HIV-1-infected cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA) resulted in selective death of infected, but not uninfected, cells. Using BTK-specific antibody and small-molecule inhibitors including LFM-A13 and a FDA-approved compound, ibrutinib (PCI-32765), we have found that HIV-1-infected cells are sensitive to apoptotic cell death and result in a decrease in virus production. Overall, our data suggests that HIV-1-infected cells are sensitive to treatments targeting BTK expressed in infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Guendel
- Department of Systems Biology, National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
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Zhao X, Xin M, Huang W, Ren Y, Jin Q, Tang F, Jiang H, Wang Y, Yang J, Mo S, Xiang H. Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 5-phenylpyridin-2(1H)-one derivatives as potent reversible Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:348-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Abstract
Chronic neuropathies are operationally classified as primarily demyelinating or axonal, on the basis of electrodiagnostic or pathological criteria. Demyelinating neuropathies are further classified as hereditary or acquired-this distinction is important, because the acquired neuropathies are immune-mediated and, thus, amenable to treatment. The acquired chronic demyelinating neuropathies include chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), neuropathy associated with monoclonal IgM antibodies to myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG; anti-MAG neuropathy), multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN), and POEMS syndrome. They have characteristic--though overlapping--clinical presentations, are mediated by distinct immune mechanisms, and respond to different therapies. CIDP is the default diagnosis if the neuropathy is demyelinating and no other cause is found. Anti-MAG neuropathy is diagnosed on the basis of the presence of anti-MAG antibodies, MMN is characterized by multifocal weakness and motor conduction blocks, and POEMS syndrome is associated with IgG or IgA λ-type monoclonal gammopathy and osteosclerotic myeloma. The correct diagnosis, however, can be difficult to make in patients with atypical or overlapping presentations, or nondefinitive laboratory studies. First-line treatments include intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), corticosteroids or plasmapheresis for CIDP; IVIg for MMN; rituximab for anti-MAG neuropathy; and irradiation or chemotherapy for POEMS syndrome. A correct diagnosis is required for choosing the appropriate treatment, with the aim of preventing progressive neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman Latov
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 1305 York Avenue, Suite 217, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Zhong Y, Byrd JC, Dubovsky JA. The B-cell receptor pathway: a critical component of healthy and malignant immune biology. Semin Hematol 2014; 51:206-18. [PMID: 25048784 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis and progression of normal B-cell development to malignant transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is still poorly understood and has hampered attempts to develop targeted therapeutics for this disease. The dependence of CLL cells on B-cell receptor signaling has fostered a new area of basic and therapeutic research interest. In particular, identification of the dependence of CLL cells on both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase delta and Bruton's tyrosine kinase signaling for survival and proliferation has come forth through well-performed preclinical studies and subsequent trials demonstrating dramatic efficacy. This review outlines essential components of B-cell receptor signaling and briefly addresses therapeutics that are emerging to target these in patients with CLL and related lymphoid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhong
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - John C Byrd
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Jason A Dubovsky
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
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Identification of protein kinase inhibitors with a selective negative effect on the viability of Epstein-Barr virus infected B cell lines. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95688. [PMID: 24759913 PMCID: PMC3997413 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus, which is causally associated with the development of several B lymphocytic malignancies that include Burkitt's lymphomas, Hodgkin's disease, AIDS and posttransplant associated lymphomas. The transforming activity of EBV is orchestrated by several latent viral proteins that mimic and modulate cellular growth promoting and antiapoptotic signaling pathways, which involve among others the activity of protein kinases. In an effort to identify small molecule inhibitors of the growth of EBV-transformed B lymphocytes a library of 254 kinase inhibitors was screened. This effort identified two tyrosine kinase inhibitors and two MEK inhibitors that compromised preferentially the viability of EBV-infected human B lymphocytes. Our findings highlight the possible dependence of EBV-infected B lymphocytes on specific kinase-regulated pathways underlining the potential for the development of small molecule-based therapeutics that could target selectively EBV-associated human B lymphocyte malignancies.
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Patterson H, Nibbs R, McInnes I, Siebert S. Protein kinase inhibitors in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 176:1-10. [PMID: 24313320 PMCID: PMC3958149 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases mediate protein phosphorylation, which is a fundamental component of cell signalling, with crucial roles in most signal transduction cascades: from controlling cell growth and proliferation to the initiation and regulation of immunological responses. Aberrant kinase activity is implicated in an increasing number of diseases, with more than 400 human diseases now linked either directly or indirectly to protein kinases. Protein kinases are therefore regarded as highly important drug targets, and are the subject of intensive research activity. The success of small molecule kinase inhibitors in the treatment of cancer, coupled with a greater understanding of inflammatory signalling cascades, has led to kinase inhibitors taking centre stage in the pursuit for new anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases. Herein we discuss the main classes of kinase inhibitors; namely Janus kinase (JAK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitors. We provide a mechanistic insight into how these inhibitors interfere with kinase signalling pathways and discuss the clinical successes and failures in the implementation of kinase-directed therapeutics in the context of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Patterson
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of GlasgowGlasgow, UK
| | - R Nibbs
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of GlasgowGlasgow, UK
| | - I McInnes
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of GlasgowGlasgow, UK
| | - S Siebert
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of GlasgowGlasgow, UK
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