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Singh D. Revolutionizing Lung Cancer Treatment: Innovative CRISPR-Cas9 Delivery Strategies. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:129. [PMID: 38844700 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02834-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung carcinoma, including both non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), remains a significant global health challenge due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. The objsective of this review is to meticulously examine the current advancements and strategies in the delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology for the treatment of lung carcinoma. This technology heralds a new era in molecular biology, offering unprecedented precision in genomic modifications. However, its therapeutic potential is contingent upon the development of effective delivery mechanisms that ensure the efficient and specific transport of gene-editing tools to tumor cells. We explore a variety of delivery approaches, such as viral vectors, lipid-based nanoparticles, and physical methods, highlighting their respective advantages, limitations, and recent breakthroughs. This review also delves into the translational and clinical significance of these strategies, discussing preclinical and clinical studies that investigate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of CRISPR-Cas9 delivery for lung carcinoma. By scrutinizing the landscape of ongoing clinical trials and offering translational perspectives, we aim to elucidate the current state and future directions of this rapidly evolving field. The review is structured to first introduce the problem and significance of lung carcinoma, followed by an overview of CRISPR-Cas9 technology, a detailed examination of delivery strategies, and an analysis of clinical applications and regulatory considerations. Our discussion concludes with future perspectives and challenges, such as optimizing delivery strategies, enhancing specificity, mitigating immunogenicity concerns, and addressing regulatory issues. This comprehensive overview seeks to provide insights into the potential of CRISPR-Cas9 as a revolutionary approach for targeted therapies and personalized medicine in lung carcinoma, emphasizing the importance of delivery strategy development in realizing the full potential of this groundbreaking technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilpreet Singh
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, India.
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, India.
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2
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Konkimalla A, Elmore Z, Konishi S, Macadlo L, Katsura H, Tata A, Asokan A, Tata PR. Efficient Adeno-associated Virus-mediated Transgenesis in Alveolar Stem Cells and Associated Niches. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 69:255-265. [PMID: 37315312 PMCID: PMC10503306 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0424ma] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted delivery of transgenes to tissue-resident stem cells and related niches offers avenues for interrogating pathways and editing endogenous alleles for therapeutic interventions. Here, we survey multiple adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes, administered via intranasal and retroorbital routes in mice, to target lung alveolar stem cell niches. We found that AAV5, AAV4, and AAV8 efficiently and preferentially transduce alveolar type-2 stem cells (AT2s), endothelial cells, and PDGFRA+ fibroblasts, respectively. Notably, some AAVs show different cell tropisms depending on the route of administration. Proof-of-concept experiments reveal the versatility of AAV5-mediated transgenesis for AT2-lineage labeling, clonal cell tracing after cell ablation, and conditional gene inactivation in both postnatal and adult mouse lungs in vivo. AAV6, but not AAV5, efficiently transduces both mouse and human AT2s in alveolar organoid cultures. Furthermore, AAV5 and AAV6 can be used to deliver guide RNAs and transgene cassettes for homologous recombination in vivo and ex vivo, respectively. Using this system coupled with clonal derivation of AT2 organoids, we demonstrate efficient and simultaneous editing of multiple loci, including targeted insertion of a payload cassette in AT2s. Taken together, our studies highlight the powerful utility of AAVs for interrogating alveolar stem cells and other specific cell types both in vivo and ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aravind Asokan
- Department of Surgery
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, and
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Purushothama Rao Tata
- Department of Cell Biology
- Duke Cancer Institute, and
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, and
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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3
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Dai L, Du L. Genes in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension and the most promising BMPR2 gene therapy. Front Genet 2022; 13:961848. [PMID: 36506323 PMCID: PMC9730536 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.961848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare but progressive and lethal vascular disease of diverse etiologies, mainly caused by proliferation of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells in the pulmonary artery, and fibroblasts, which ultimately leads to right-heart hypertrophy and cardiac failure. Recent genetic studies of childhood-onset PAH report that there is a greater genetic burden in children than in adults. Since the first-identified pathogenic gene of PAH, BMPR2, which encodes bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2, a receptor in the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, was discovered, novel causal genes have been identified and substantially sharpened our insights into the molecular genetics of childhood-onset PAH. Currently, some newly identified deleterious genetic variants in additional genes implicated in childhood-onset PAH, such as potassium channels (KCNK3) and transcription factors (TBX4 and SOX17), have been reported and have greatly updated our understanding of the disease mechanism. In this review, we summarized and discussed the advances of genetic variants underlying childhood-onset PAH susceptibility and potential mechanism, and the most promising BMPR2 gene therapy and gene delivery approaches to treat childhood-onset PAH in the future.
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Bisserier M, Sun XQ, Fazal S, Turnbull IC, Bonnet S, Hadri L. Novel Insights into the Therapeutic Potential of Lung-Targeted Gene Transfer in the Most Common Respiratory Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:984. [PMID: 35326434 PMCID: PMC8947048 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, a better understanding of the genetic and molecular alterations underlying several respiratory diseases has encouraged the development of new therapeutic strategies. Gene therapy offers new therapeutic alternatives for inherited and acquired diseases by delivering exogenous genetic materials into cells or tissues to restore physiological protein expression and/or activity. In this review, we review (1) different types of viral and non-viral vectors as well as gene-editing techniques; and (2) the application of gene therapy for the treatment of respiratory diseases and disorders, including pulmonary arterial hypertension, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, asthma, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, non-small-cell lung cancer, and COVID-19. Further, we also provide specific examples of lung-targeted therapies and discuss the major limitations of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Bisserier
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.B.); (S.F.); (I.C.T.)
| | - Xiao-Qing Sun
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Shahood Fazal
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.B.); (S.F.); (I.C.T.)
| | - Irene C. Turnbull
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.B.); (S.F.); (I.C.T.)
| | - Sébastien Bonnet
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Québec, QC G1V4G5, Canada;
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V4G5, Canada
| | - Lahouaria Hadri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.B.); (S.F.); (I.C.T.)
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5
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Liu J, Dean DA. Gene Therapy for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Front Physiol 2022; 12:786255. [PMID: 35111077 PMCID: PMC8801611 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.786255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating clinical syndrome that leads to acute respiratory failure and accounts for over 70,000 deaths per year in the United States alone, even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. While its molecular details have been teased apart and its pathophysiology largely established over the past 30 years, relatively few pharmacological advances in treatment have been made based on this knowledge. Indeed, mortality remains very close to what it was 30 years ago. As an alternative to traditional pharmacological approaches, gene therapy offers a highly controlled and targeted strategy to treat the disease at the molecular level. Although there is no single gene or combination of genes responsible for ARDS, there are a number of genes that can be targeted for upregulation or downregulation that could alleviate many of the symptoms and address the underlying mechanisms of this syndrome. This review will focus on the pathophysiology of ARDS and how gene therapy has been used for prevention and treatment. Strategies for gene delivery to the lung, such as barriers encountered during gene transfer, specific classes of genes that have been targeted, and the outcomes of these approaches on ARDS pathogenesis and resolution will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - David A. Dean
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: David A. Dean,
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6
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Hagino Y, Khalil IA, Kimura S, Kusumoto K, Harashima H. GALA-Modified Lipid Nanoparticles for the Targeted Delivery of Plasmid DNA to the Lungs. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:878-888. [PMID: 33492961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the development of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for the efficient and selective delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA) to the lungs. The GALA peptide was used as a ligand to target the lung endothelium and as an endosomal escape device. Transfection activity in the lungs was significantly improved when pDNA was encapsulated in double-coated LNPs. The inner coat was composed of dioleoylphsophoethanolamine and a stearylated octaarginine (STR-R8) peptide, while the outer coat was largely a cationic lipid, di-octadecenyl-trimethylammonium propane, mixed with YSK05, a pH-sensitive lipid, and cholesterol. Optimized amounts of YSK05 and GALA were used to achieve an efficient and lung-selective system. The optimized system produced a high gene expression level in the lungs (>107 RLU/mg protein) with high lung/liver and lung/spleen ratios. GALA/R8 modification and the double-coating design were indispensable for efficient gene expression in the lungs. Despite the fact that NPs prepared with 1-step or 2-step coating have the same lipid amount and composition and the same pDNA dose, the transfection activity was dramatically higher in the lungs in the case of 2-step coating. Surprisingly, 1-step or 2-step coatings had no effect on the amount of nanoparticles that were delivered to the lungs, suggesting that the double-coating strategy substantially improved the efficiency of gene expression at the intracellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Hagino
- Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Ikramy A Khalil
- Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Seigo Kimura
- Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kenji Kusumoto
- Formulation Research Laboratory, Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 224-2, Ebisuno, Hiraishi, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima 771-0194, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Harashima
- Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.,Laboratory for Molecular Design of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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7
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Kang MH, van Lieshout LP, Xu L, Domm JM, Vadivel A, Renesme L, Mühlfeld C, Hurskainen M, Mižíková I, Pei Y, van Vloten JP, Thomas SP, Milazzo C, Cyr-Depauw C, Whitsett JA, Nogee LM, Wootton SK, Thébaud B. A lung tropic AAV vector improves survival in a mouse model of surfactant B deficiency. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3929. [PMID: 32764559 PMCID: PMC7414154 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17577-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactant protein B (SP-B) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder that impairs surfactant homeostasis and manifests as lethal respiratory distress. A compelling argument exists for gene therapy to treat this disease, as de novo protein synthesis of SP-B in alveolar type 2 epithelial cells is required for proper surfactant production. Here we report a rationally designed adeno-associated virus (AAV) 6 capsid that demonstrates efficiency in lung epithelial cell transduction based on imaging and flow cytometry analysis. Intratracheal administration of this vector delivering murine or human proSFTPB cDNA into SP-B deficient mice restores surfactant homeostasis, prevents lung injury, and improves lung physiology. Untreated SP-B deficient mice develop fatal respiratory distress within two days. Gene therapy results in an improvement in median survival to greater than 200 days. This vector also transduces human lung tissue, demonstrating its potential for clinical translation against this lethal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin H Kang
- Sinclair Center for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Laura P van Lieshout
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Liqun Xu
- Sinclair Center for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jakob M Domm
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Arul Vadivel
- Sinclair Center for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Laurent Renesme
- Sinclair Center for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria Hurskainen
- Sinclair Center for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Ivana Mižíková
- Sinclair Center for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Yanlong Pei
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jacob P van Vloten
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Sylvia P Thomas
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Claudia Milazzo
- Sinclair Center for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Chanèle Cyr-Depauw
- Sinclair Center for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A Whitsett
- Divisions of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Lawrence M Nogee
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sarah K Wootton
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Sinclair Center for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
- Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) and CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada.
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8
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Lee AY, Cho MH, Kim S. Recent advances in aerosol gene delivery systems using non-viral vectors for lung cancer therapy. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2019; 16:757-772. [PMID: 31282221 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2019.1641083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer commonly occurs at a high incidence worldwide. Application of aerosol gene delivery systems using various kinds of vectors can improve the patient's quality of life by prolonging the survival rate. AREAS COVERED This review provides a recent update on aerosol gene delivery strategies using various kinds of vectors and gene-modification technologies. Peptide-mediated gene therapy achieves specific targeting of cells and highly improves efficacy. Promoter-operating expression and the CRISPR/Cas9 system are novel gene therapy strategies for effective lung cancer treatment. Furthermore, hybrid systems with a combination of vectors or drugs have been recently applied as new trends in gene therapy. EXPERT OPINION Although aerosol gene delivery has many advantages, physiological barriers in the lungs pose formidable challenges. Targeted gene delivery and gene-editing technology are promising strategies for lung cancer therapy. These strategies may allow the development of safety and high efficiency for clinical application. Recently, hybrid gene therapy combining novel and specific vectors has been developed as an advanced strategy. Although gene therapy for lung cancer is being actively researched, aerosol gene therapy strategies are currently lacking, and further studies on aerosol gene therapy are needed to treat lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah Young Lee
- a Center for Molecular Recognition Research, Materials and Life Science Research Division , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , Seoul , Korea
| | - Myung-Haing Cho
- b Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine , Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghwa Kim
- c Cancer Biology Laboratory , Institut Pasteur Korea , Seongnam-si , Korea
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9
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Newman SP. Delivering drugs to the lungs: The history of repurposing in the treatment of respiratory diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 133:5-18. [PMID: 29653129 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The repurposing of drug delivery by the pulmonary route has been applied to treatment and prophylaxis of an increasingly wide range of respiratory diseases. Repurposing has been most successful for the delivery of inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Repurposing utilizes the advantages that the pulmonary route offers in terms of more targeted delivery to the site of action, the use of smaller doses, and a lower incidence of side-effects. Success has been more variable for other drugs and treatment indications. Pulmonary delivery is now well established for delivery of inhaled antibiotics in cystic fibrosis (CF), and in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Other inhaled treatments such as those for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), lung transplant rejection or tuberculosis may also become routine. Repurposing has progressed in parallel with the development of new drugs, inhaler devices and formulations.
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10
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Sondhi D, Stiles KM, De BP, Crystal RG. Genetic Modification of the Lung Directed Toward Treatment of Human Disease. Hum Gene Ther 2017; 28:3-84. [PMID: 27927014 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic modification therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for many diseases of the lung intractable to other treatments. Lung gene therapy has been the subject of numerous preclinical animal experiments and human clinical trials, for targets including genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis and α1-antitrypsin deficiency, complex disorders such as asthma, allergy, and lung cancer, infections such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and Pseudomonas, as well as pulmonary arterial hypertension, transplant rejection, and lung injury. A variety of viral and non-viral vectors have been employed to overcome the many physical barriers to gene transfer imposed by lung anatomy and natural defenses. Beyond the treatment of lung diseases, the lung has the potential to be used as a metabolic factory for generating proteins for delivery to the circulation for treatment of systemic diseases. Although much has been learned through a myriad of experiments about the development of genetic modification of the lung, more work is still needed to improve the delivery vehicles and to overcome challenges such as entry barriers, persistent expression, specific cell targeting, and circumventing host anti-vector responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolan Sondhi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
| | - Katie M Stiles
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
| | - Bishnu P De
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
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11
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Lipka J, Semmler-Behnke M, Wenk A, Burkhardt J, Aigner A, Kreyling W. Biokinetic studies of non-complexed siRNA versus nano-sized PEI F25-LMW/siRNA polyplexes following intratracheal instillation into mice. Int J Pharm 2016; 500:227-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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12
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Badwaik V, Liu L, Gunasekera D, Kulkarni A, Thompson DH. Mechanistic Insight into Receptor-Mediated Delivery of Cationic-β-Cyclodextrin:Hyaluronic Acid-Adamantamethamidyl Host:Guest pDNA Nanoparticles to CD44(+) Cells. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:1176-84. [PMID: 26900622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Targeted delivery is a key element for improving the efficiency and safety of nonviral vectors for gene therapy. We have recently developed a CD44 receptor targeted, hyaluronic acid-adamantamethamidyl based pendant polymer system (HA-Ad), capable of forming complexes with cationic β-cyclodextrins (CD-PEI(+)) and pDNA. Complexes formed using these compounds (HA-Ad:CD-PEI(+):pDNA) display high water solubility, good transfection efficiency, and low cytotoxicity. Spatial and dynamic tracking of the transfection complexes by confocal microscopy and multicolor flow cytometry techniques was used to evaluate the target specificity, subcellular localization, and endosomal escape process. Our data shows that cells expressing the CD44 receptor undergo enhanced cellular uptake and transfection efficiency with HA-Ad:CD-PEI(+):pDNA complexes. This transfection system, comprised noncovalent assembly of cyclodextrin:adamantamethamidyl-modified hyaluronic acid via host:guest interactions to condense pDNA, is a potentially useful tool for targeted delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Badwaik
- Department of Chemistry and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University , 1203 West State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Linjia Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University , 1203 West State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Dinara Gunasekera
- Department of Chemistry and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University , 1203 West State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Aditya Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University , 1203 West State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - David H Thompson
- Department of Chemistry and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University , 1203 West State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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13
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Suk JS. Could recent advances in DNA-loaded nanoparticles lead to effective inhaled gene therapies? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:193-6. [PMID: 26783765 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Soo Suk
- The Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Smith Bldg Rm 6029, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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14
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Moon SK, Lim DJ. Intratympanic Gene Delivery of Antimicrobial Molecules in Otitis Media. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2015; 15:14. [PMID: 26130474 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-015-0517-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Otitis media (OM) in children is clinically important because of its detrimental effects on the development of language and motor coordination and is the most common reason for prescription of antibiotics. A recent bacteriological change in OM pathogens such as emergence of antibiotic resistance and vaccination-mediated pathogenic shift urges us to develop a new non-antibiotic strategy. The middle ear epithelium abundantly secretes a variety of antimicrobial molecules suppressing the viability of the common OM pathogens. Recently, we have demonstrated that the adenoviral vector is able to deliver the β-defensin 2 gene to the middle ear epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo, and adenovirus-mediated overexpression of β-defensin 2 is protective for experimental OM. There are many hurdles limiting successful clinical application of gene delivery to the respiratory epithelium of the tubotympanum; however, intratympanic gene therapy with β-defensin 2 is a promising alternative or adjuvant strategy for the management of OM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung K Moon
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 2100 W. 3rd Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90057, USA,
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Hibbitts A, O'Mahony AM, Forde E, Nolan L, Ogier J, Desgranges S, Darcy R, MacLoughlin R, O'Driscoll CM, Cryan SA. Early-stage development of novel cyclodextrin-siRNA nanocomplexes allows for successful postnebulization transfection of bronchial epithelial cells. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2015; 27:466-77. [PMID: 24665866 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2013.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to the lungs remains hampered by poor intracellular delivery, vector-mediated cytotoxicity, and an inability to withstand nebulization. Recently, a novel cyclodextrin (CD), SC12CDClickpropylamine, consisting of distinct lipophilic and cationic subunits, has been shown to transfect a number of cell types. However, the suitability of this vector for pulmonary siRNA delivery has not been assessed to date. To address this, a series of high-content analysis (HCA) and postnebulization assays were devised to determine the potential for CD-siRNA delivery to the lungs. METHODS SC12CDClickpropylamine-siRNA mass ratios (MRs) were examined for size and zeta potential. In-depth analysis of nanocomplex uptake and toxicity in Calu-3 bronchial epithelial cells was examined using IN Cell(®) HCA assays. Nebulized SC12CDClickpropylamine nanocomplexes were assessed for volumetric median diameter (VMD) and fine particle fraction (FPF) and compared with saline controls. Finally, postnebulization stability was determined by comparing luciferase knockdown elicited by SC12CDClickpropylamine nanocomplexes before and after nebulization. RESULTS SC12CDClickpropylamine-siRNA complexation formed cationic nanocomplexes of ≤200 nm in size depending on the medium and led to significantly higher levels of siRNA associated with Calu-3 cells compared with RNAiFect-siRNA-treated cells at all MRs (p<0.001, n=3×4), with evidence of toxicity only at MRs 50-100. Nebulization of SC12CDClickpropylamine nanocomplexes using the Aeroneb(®) Pro resulted in VMDs of ∼4 μm and FPFs of ∼57% at all MRs. SC12CDClickpropylamine-siRNA-mediated luciferase knockdown was found to be 39.8±3.6% at MR=20 before and 35.6±4.55% after nebulization, comparable to results observed using unnebulized commercial transfection reagent, RNAiFect. CONCLUSIONS SC12CDClickpropylamine nanocomplexes can be effectively nebulized for pulmonary delivery of siRNA using Aeroneb technology to mediate knockdown in airway cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study examining the suitability of SC12CDClickpropylamine-siRNA nanocomplexes for pulmonary delivery. Furthermore, this work provides an integrated nanomedicine-device combination for future in vitro and in vivo preclinical and clinical studies of inhaled siRNA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hibbitts
- 1 School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Dublin, Ireland
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16
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Di Gioia S, Trapani A, Castellani S, Carbone A, Belgiovine G, Craparo EF, Puglisi G, Cavallaro G, Trapani G, Conese M. Nanocomplexes for gene therapy of respiratory diseases: Targeting and overcoming the mucus barrier. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2015; 34:8-24. [PMID: 26192479 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy, i.e. the delivery and expression of therapeutic genes, holds great promise for congenital and acquired respiratory diseases. Non-viral vectors are less toxic and immunogenic than viral vectors, although they are characterized by lower efficiency. However, they have to overcome many barriers, including inflammatory and immune mediators and cells. The respiratory and airway epithelial cells, the main target of these vectors, are coated with a layer of mucus, which hampers the effective reaching of gene therapy vectors carrying either plasmid DNA or small interfering RNA. This barrier is thicker in many lung diseases, such as cystic fibrosis. This review summarizes the most important advancements in the field of non-viral vectors that have been achieved with the use of nanoparticulate (NP) systems, composed either of polymers or lipids, in the lung gene delivery. In particular, different strategies of targeting of respiratory and airway lung cells will be described. Then, we will focus on the two approaches that attempt to overcome the mucus barrier: coating of the nanoparticulate system with poly(ethylene glycol) and treatment with mucolytics. Our conclusions are: 1) Ligand and physical targeting can direct therapeutic gene expression in specific cell types in the respiratory tract; 2) Mucopenetrating NPs are endowed with promising features to be useful in treating respiratory diseases and should be now advanced in pre-clinical trials. Finally, we discuss the development of such polymer- and lipid-based NPs in the context of in vitro and in vivo disease models, such as lung cancer, as well as in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sante Di Gioia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale L. Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Adriana Trapani
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Castellani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale L. Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Annalucia Carbone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale L. Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; Medical Genetics Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 12, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliana Belgiovine
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale L. Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Fabiola Craparo
- Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Laboratory of Biocompatible Polymers, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Puglisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Gennara Cavallaro
- Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Laboratory of Biocompatible Polymers, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Trapani
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Conese
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale L. Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
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17
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Kettiger H, Schipanski A, Wick P, Huwyler J. Engineered nanomaterial uptake and tissue distribution: from cell to organism. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:3255-69. [PMID: 24023514 PMCID: PMC3767489 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s49770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Improved understanding of interactions between nanoparticles and biological systems is needed to develop safety standards and to design new generations of nanomaterials. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of cellular uptake of engineered nanoparticles, their intracellular fate, and their distribution within an organism. We have reviewed the available literature on the uptake and disposition of engineered nanoparticles. Special emphasis was placed on the analysis of experimental systems and their limitations with respect to their usefulness to predict the in vivo situation. The available literature confirms the need to study particle characteristics in an environment that simulates the situation encountered in biological systems. Phenomena such as protein binding and opsonization are of prime importance since they may have a strong impact on cellular internalization, biodistribution, and immunogenicity of nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo. Extrapolation from in vitro results to the in vivo situation in the whole organism remains a challenge. However, improved understanding of physicochemical properties of engineered nanoparticles and their influence on biological systems facilitates the design of nanomaterials that are safe, well tolerated, and suitable for diagnostic or therapeutic use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Kettiger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Angela Schipanski
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Materials-Biology Interactions, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Peter Wick
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Materials-Biology Interactions, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Huwyler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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18
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Ruge CA, Kirch J, Lehr CM. Pulmonary drug delivery: from generating aerosols to overcoming biological barriers-therapeutic possibilities and technological challenges. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2013; 1:402-13. [PMID: 24429205 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(13)70072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Research in pulmonary drug delivery has focused mainly on new particle or device technologies to improve the aerosol generation and pulmonary deposition of inhaled drugs. Although substantial progress has been made in this respect, no significant advances have been made that would lead pulmonary drug delivery beyond the treatment of some respiratory diseases. One main reason for this stagnation is the still very scarce knowledge about the fate of inhaled drug or carrier particles after deposition in the lungs. Improvement of the aerosol component alone is no longer sufficient for therapeutic success of inhalation drugs; a paradigm shift is needed, with an increased focus on the pulmonary barriers to drug delivery. In this Review, we discuss some pathophysiological disorders that could benefit from better control of the processes after aerosol deposition, and pharmaceutical approaches to achieve improved absorption across the alveolar epithelium, prolonged pulmonary clearance, and targeted delivery to specific cells or tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Ruge
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany; Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, LabEx, LERMIT, University Paris-Sud, Paris, France
| | - Julian Kirch
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany; Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
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19
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Hasenpusch G, Geiger J, Wagner K, Mykhaylyk O, Wiekhorst F, Trahms L, Heidsieck A, Gleich B, Bergemann C, Aneja MK, Rudolph C. Magnetized Aerosols Comprising Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Improve Targeted Drug and Gene Delivery to the Lung. Pharm Res 2012; 29:1308-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-012-0682-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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20
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Al-Qadi S, Grenha A, Remuñán-López C. Chitosan and its derivatives as nanocarriers for siRNA delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(12)50003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Beck-Broichsitter M, Merkel OM, Kissel T. Controlled pulmonary drug and gene delivery using polymeric nano-carriers. J Control Release 2011; 161:214-24. [PMID: 22192571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary drug and gene delivery to the lung represents a non-invasive avenue for local and systemic therapies. However, the respiratory tract provides substantial barriers that need to be overcome for successful pulmonary application. In this regard, micro- and nano-sized particles offer novel concepts for the development of optimized therapeutic tools in pulmonary research. Polymeric nano-carriers are generally preferred as controlled pulmonary delivery systems due to prolonged retention in the lung. Specific manipulation of nano-carrier characteristics enables the design of "intelligent" carriers specific for modulation of the duration and intensity of pharmacological effects. New formulations should be tested for pulmonary absorption and distribution using more advanced ex vivo and in vivo models. The delivery of nano-carriers to the air-space enables a detailed characterization of the interaction between the carrier vehicle and the natural pulmonary environment. In summary, polymeric nanoparticles seem to be especially promising as controlled delivery systems and represent a solid basis for future advancement for pulmonary delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Beck-Broichsitter
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmacy, Philipps-Universität, Ketzerbach 63, D-35037 Marburg, Germany
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22
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Merkel OM, Zheng M, Debus H, Kissel T. Pulmonary gene delivery using polymeric nonviral vectors. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 23:3-20. [PMID: 21999216 DOI: 10.1021/bc200296q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary delivery provides an easy and well tolerated means of access for the administration of biomacromolecules to the pulmonary epithelium and could therefore be an attractive approach for local and systemic therapies. A growing number of reports, which are summarized in this review, mirror the viability of pulmonary gene delivery. Special attention has been paid to the biological barriers in the lung that must be overcome for successful delivery, and which can be divided into anatomic, physical, immunologic, and metabolic barriers. In light of these barriers, successful nonviral polymer-based formulations of therapeutic genes are presented depending on the chemical nature of the polymer. In addition to polyethyleneimine-based nonviral vectors, which have been most intensively studied for pulmonary gene delivery in the past, other polymeric, dendritic, and targeted materials are also described here, including novel and biodegradable polymers. As new materials need in vitro or ex vivo testing before in vivo application, sophisticated models for all three approaches have been illustrated. Although pulmonary siRNA delivery enjoys popularity in clinical trials, pulmonary gene delivery has so far not been translated into clinical applications. With this review, potential hurdles are demonstrated, but novel approaches that may lead to optimized systems are described as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M Merkel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmacy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Ketzerbach 63, Marburg, Germany
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23
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Hasenpusch G, Pfeifer C, Aneja MK, Wagner K, Reinhardt D, Gilon M, Ohana P, Hochberg A, Rudolph C. Aerosolized BC-819 inhibits primary but not secondary lung cancer growth. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20760. [PMID: 21687669 PMCID: PMC3110766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous efforts, drug based treatments for patients suffering from lung cancer remains poor. As a promising alternative, we investigated the therapeutic potential of BC-819 for the treatment of lung cancer in mouse tumor models. BC-819 is a novel plasmid DNA which encodes for the A-fragment of Diphtheria toxin and has previously been shown to successfully inhibit tumor growth in human clinical study of bladder carcinoma. In a first set of experiments, we examined in vitro efficacy of BC-819 in human lung cancer cell-lines NCI-H460, NCI-H358 and A549, which revealed >90% reduction of cell growth. In vivo efficacy was examined in an orthotopic mouse xenograft lung cancer model and in a lung metastasis model using luminescent A549-C8-luc adenocarcinoma cells. These cells resulted in peri- and intra-bronchiolar tumors upon intrabronchial application and parenchymal tumors upon intravenous injection, respectively. Mice suffering from these lung tumors were treated with BC-819, complexed to branched polyethylenimine (PEI) and aerosolized to the mice once per week for a period of 10 weeks. Using this regimen, growth of intrabronchially induced lung tumors was significantly inhibited (p = 0.01), whereas no effect could be observed in mice suffering from lung metastasis. In summary, we suggest that aerosolized PEI/BC-819 is capable of reducing growth only in tumors arising from the luminal part of the airways and are therefore directly accessible for inhaled BC-819.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günther Hasenpusch
- Department of Pediatrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Corinna Pfeifer
- Department of Pediatrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Manish Kumar Aneja
- Department of Pediatrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Kai Wagner
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dietrich Reinhardt
- Department of Pediatrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Michal Gilon
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Patricia Ohana
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Avraham Hochberg
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Carsten Rudolph
- Department of Pediatrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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24
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Smyth HD, Hickey AJ. Pulmonary Delivery of Plasmid DNA for Disease Prevention and Therapy. CONTROLLED PULMONARY DRUG DELIVERY 2011. [PMCID: PMC7122476 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-9745-6_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
For gene delivery to the lung, the challenges are high, but successful treatment of cystic fibrosis or achieving immunity against the global infectious diseases provide an allure that cannot be ignored. This chapter summarizes and reviews nonviral DNA delivery for both gene therapy and DNA vaccination in the lung. Aerosolization of DNA is evaluated, and the stability during this process is discussed. Carriers for DNA are then discussed including lipoplexes and polyplexes, with a particular focus on systems that achieve good transfection and minimize potential toxicity. Then principles of DNA vaccination are introduced, and the advantages of pulmonary vaccination are discussed. Finally, the transport of plasmid DNA vaccines into the lungs is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh D.C. Smyth
- , Pharmaceutics Division - PHR 4.214, University of Texas, University Station 1, Austin, 78712 USA
| | - Anthony J. Hickey
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599 North Carolina USA
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