1
|
de Mey S, Dufait I, De Ridder M. Radioresistance of Human Cancers: Clinical Implications of Genetic Expression Signatures. Front Oncol 2021; 11:761901. [PMID: 34778082 PMCID: PMC8579106 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.761901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although radiotherapy is given to more than 50% of cancer patients, little progress has been made in identifying optimal radiotherapy - drug combinations to improve treatment efficacy. Using molecular data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we extracted a total of 1016 cancer patients that received radiotherapy. The patients were diagnosed with head-and-neck (HNSC - 294 patients), cervical (CESC - 166 patients) and breast (BRCA - 549 patients) cancer. We analyzed mRNA expression patterns of 50 hallmark gene sets of the MSigDB collection, which we divided in eight categories based on a shared biological or functional process. Tumor samples were split into upregulated, neutral or downregulated mRNA expression for all gene sets using a gene set analysis (GSEA) pre-ranked analysis and assessed for their clinical relevance. We found a prognostic association between three of the eight gene set categories (Radiobiological, Metabolism and Proliferation) and overall survival in all three cancer types. Furthermore, multiple single associations were revealed in the other categories considered. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first report suggesting clinical relevance of molecular characterization based on hallmark gene sets to refine radiation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sven de Mey
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inès Dufait
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mark De Ridder
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fairhurst RA, Knoepfel T, Buschmann N, Leblanc C, Mah R, Todorov M, Nimsgern P, Ripoche S, Niklaus M, Warin N, Luu VH, Madoerin M, Wirth J, Graus-Porta D, Weiss A, Kiffe M, Wartmann M, Kinyamu-Akunda J, Sterker D, Stamm C, Adler F, Buhles A, Schadt H, Couttet P, Blank J, Galuba I, Trappe J, Voshol J, Ostermann N, Zou C, Berghausen J, Del Rio Espinola A, Jahnke W, Furet P. Discovery of Roblitinib (FGF401) as a Reversible-Covalent Inhibitor of the Kinase Activity of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4. J Med Chem 2020; 63:12542-12573. [PMID: 32930584 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
FGF19 signaling through the FGFR4/β-klotho receptor complex has been shown to be a key driver of growth and survival in a subset of hepatocellular carcinomas, making selective FGFR4 inhibition an attractive treatment opportunity. A kinome-wide sequence alignment highlighted a poorly conserved cysteine residue within the FGFR4 ATP-binding site at position 552, two positions beyond the gate-keeper residue. Several strategies for targeting this cysteine to identify FGFR4 selective inhibitor starting points are summarized which made use of both rational and unbiased screening approaches. The optimization of a 2-formylquinoline amide hit series is described in which the aldehyde makes a hemithioacetal reversible-covalent interaction with cysteine 552. Key challenges addressed during the optimization are improving the FGFR4 potency, metabolic stability, and solubility leading ultimately to the highly selective first-in-class clinical candidate roblitinib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin A Fairhurst
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Knoepfel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Buschmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Leblanc
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Mah
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Milen Todorov
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Nimsgern
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastien Ripoche
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michel Niklaus
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Warin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Van Huy Luu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mario Madoerin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jasmin Wirth
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Diana Graus-Porta
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Weiss
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Kiffe
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Wartmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Dario Sterker
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christelle Stamm
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Flavia Adler
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Buhles
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heiko Schadt
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Couttet
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jutta Blank
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Inga Galuba
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Trappe
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Voshol
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nils Ostermann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chao Zou
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Berghausen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Wolfgang Jahnke
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Furet
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Eun HS, Cho SY, Lee BS, Kim S, Song IS, Chun K, Oh CH, Yeo MK, Kim SH, Kim KH. Cytochrome P450 4A11 expression in tumor cells: A favorable prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma patients. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:224-233. [PMID: 30069903 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Elevated cytochrome p450 (CYP) 4A gene expression has been linked to the aggravation of various cancers and affects various regulated metabolites. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the clinicopathological value of CYP4A has not yet been explored, although CYP4A is expressed at high levels in the liver. The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological value of CYP4A11 expression in HCC. METHODS We performed immunohistochemical analysis of CYP4A11 and correlated the results with clinicopathological features of HCC (n = 155). Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction against CYP4A11 and CYP4A22 were also performed for 15 and 20 pairs of fresh-frozen primary HCC and non-neoplastic liver tissue, respectively. Moreover, we analyzed the underlying mechanism by comparing the high and low CYP4A11 mRNA expression groups using gene set enrichment analysis. RESULTS CYP4A11 expression level was higher in non-neoplastic hepatocytes than those in HCC cells (P < 0.001), and CYP4A11 expression positively correlated with favorable prognostic factors, including tumor size, histological grade, and pathological tumor stage (P = 0.007, P = 0.005, and P = 0.007). Multivariate analysis revealed that CYP4A11 expression was an independent prognostic factor of overall and disease-free survival (P = 0.002 and P = 0.033). Based on gene set enrichment analysis, high CYP4A11 mRNA expression negatively correlated with the expression of cell cycle-related genes. CONCLUSION These findings support the notion that CYP4A11 expression is a favorable prognostic factor of HCC and suggest potential predictive diagnostic and prognostic roles of CYP4A11 expression in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk Soo Eun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Yeon Cho
- College of Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Byung Seok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sup Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Medical Science, Radiation Oncology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - In-Sang Song
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kwangsik Chun
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Cheong-Hae Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Yeo
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hartley G, Elmslie R, Murphy B, Hopkins L, Guth A, Dow S. Cancer stem cell populations in lymphoma in dogs and impact of cytotoxic chemotherapy. Vet Comp Oncol 2018; 17:69-79. [PMID: 30238600 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer relapse following chemotherapy has been attributed in part to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSC), which drive tumour growth and metastasis and are highly resistant to the effects of cytotoxic chemotherapy. As a result, treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy selects for drug-resistant CSC populations that eventually drive tumour recurrence. Little is known currently regarding the role of CSC in dogs with lymphoma, nor the impact of chemotherapy on CSC populations. Therefore, we prospectively quantitated CSC populations in dogs with B-cell (BCL) and T-cell lymphoma (TCL), using tumour aspirates and flow cytometric analysis with a panel of CSC markers. In addition, in vitro studies were carried out to determine the impact of chemotherapy resistance on the stem cell phenotype and stem cell properties of lymphoma cells. We found that the percentages of tumour cells expressing CSC markers were significantly increased in dogs with BCL, compared with B cells from normal lymph nodes. Similar findings were observed in dogs with TCL. In vitro studies revealed that lymphoma cells selected for resistance to CHOP chemotherapy had significantly upregulated expression of CSC markers, formed spheroids in culture more readily, and expressed significantly greater aldehyde dehydrogenase activity compared with chemotherapy-sensitive tumour cells. Similar results were observed in tumour samples dogs with relapsed BCL. These findings suggest that cytotoxic chemotherapy can lead to a relative enrichment of tumour cells with CSC properties, which may be associated with lymphoma recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Hartley
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Robyn Elmslie
- Veterinary Specialty and Emergency Hospital, Englewood, Colorado
| | - Brent Murphy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Leone Hopkins
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Amanda Guth
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Steven Dow
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
4-(3-Alkyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)-N-phenylbenzenesulfonamides as new antimitotic prodrugs activated by cytochrome P450 1A1 in breast cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:5045-5052. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
6
|
Downregulation of CYP2A6 and CYP2C8 in Tumor Tissues Is Linked to Worse Overall Survival and Recurrence-Free Survival from Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5859415. [PMID: 30148168 PMCID: PMC6083600 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5859415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the links between CYP450 family genes in tumor tissues and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) outcomes. Methods Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases GSE14520 and GSE36376 were used to identify differential expressed CYP450 genes between tumor and nontumor tissues and related to HCC clinicopathological features and survivals. Results Seven CYP450 genes including CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, and CYP4A11 were downregulated in tumor tissues, which were validated in both GSE14520 and GSE36376. HCC patients with CYP2A6 and CYP2C8 low levels in tumor tissues suffered from poorer overall survival (OS) compared to those with high CYP2A6 and CYP2C8 in GSE14520 profile (log ranks P = 0.01 and P = 0.006, respectively). In addition, HCC patients with lower CYP2A6 and CYP2C8 in tumors had worse recurrence-free survival (RFS) than those with higher CYP2A6 and CYP2C8 (log ranks P = 0.02 and P = 0.012, respectively). In GSE36376 validation dataset, HCC patients with lower CYP2A6 and CYP2C8 had worse OS and RFS than those with higher CYP2A6 and CYP2C8 (all P < 0.05), in line with results in GSE14520 dataset. Additionally, lower CYP2A6 and CYP2C8 are associated with advanced clinicopathological features including tumor staging, vascular invasion, intrahepatic metastasis, and high alpha fetoprotein (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Downregulation of CYP2A6 and CYP2C8 in tumor tissues links to poorer OS and RFS in HCC patients.
Collapse
|
7
|
Işcan M, Ada AO. Cytochrome P-450 Polymorphisms and Clinical Outcome in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Turk J Pharm Sci 2017; 14:319-323. [PMID: 32454631 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.28291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is an increasing worldwide public health problem. Most patients with lung cancer have non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These patients are mainly treated with standard platinum-based chemotherapy. Poor response and great inter-individual variety in treatment response occurs among these patients. There is accumulating evidence to support the hypothesis that genetic polymorphisms alter the drug response and survival. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes metabolize antineoplastic drugs and are involved in drug resistance. Polymorphic CYPs have altered enzyme activities and thus they may influence the response to chemotherapy and survival in patients with lung cancer. In the current review, recent findings with respect to the role of mainly CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 gene polymorphisms in response to chemotherapy and survival in patients with NSCLC have been provided, which could be useful for clinicians in the prognosis of these patients who are mainly treated with platinum-based chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mümtaz Işcan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Oğuz Ada
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Y, Steppi A, Zhou Y, Mao F, Miller PC, He MM, Zhao T, Sun Q, Zhang J. Tumoral expression of drug and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in breast cancer patients of different ethnicities with implications to personalized medicine. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4747. [PMID: 28684774 PMCID: PMC5500564 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04250-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (DXME) play important roles in drug responses and carcinogenesis. Recent studies have found that expression of DXME in cancer cells significantly affects drug clearance and the onset of drug resistance. In this study we compared the expression of DXME in breast tumor tissue samples from patients representing three ethnic groups: Caucasian Americans (CA), African Americans (AA), and Asian Americans (AS). We further combined DXME gene expression data with eQTL data from the GTEx project and with allele frequency data from the 1000 Genomes project to identify SNPs that may be associated with differential expression of DXME genes. We identified substantial differences among CA, AA, and AS populations in the expression of DXME genes and in activation of pathways involved in drug metabolism, including those involved in metabolizing chemotherapy drugs that are commonly used in the treatment of breast cancer. These data suggest that differential expression of DXME may associate with health disparities in breast cancer outcomes observed among these three ethnic groups. Our study suggests that development of personalized treatment strategies for breast cancer patients could be improved by considering both germline genotypes and tumor specific mutations and expression profiles related to DXME genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Albert Steppi
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Yidong Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Mao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Philip Craig Miller
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Max M He
- Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI, 54449, USA
- Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI, 54449, USA
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Department of Geography, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Karacaoğlan V, Ada AO, Bilgen S, Çetinkaya GT, Soydaş E, Kunak CS, Alpar SM, Gülhan M, Işcan M. Xenobiotic/drug metabolizing enzyme and TP53 polymorphisms and clinical outcome in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer patients. Turk J Med Sci 2017; 47:554-562. [PMID: 28425245 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1602-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The association between polymorphisms of xenobiotic/drug metabolizing enzymes and TP53 and response to chemotherapy and survival of patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are limited and inconclusive. In this study, CYP2E1*5B, CYP2E1*6, CYP2E1*7B, GSTO1 (A140D), and TP53 (Arg72Pro) polymorphisms and response to platinum-based chemotherapy and survival in 137 advanced stage NSCLC patients were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genetic polymorphism analyses were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) coupled with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTS The patients with TP53 Pro/Pro variant were more likely to be resistant to chemotherapy than those with Arg/Arg variants with marginal significance (P = 0.066). We also analyzed these gene variants in combination with CYP1A1 (Ile462Val), CYP1B1 (Asn453Ser), GSTM1, GSTP1 exon 5 (Ile105Val), and GSTP1 exon 6 (Ala114Val) and GSTT1 polymorphic genes that we have previously genotyped in the same patients (Ada et al., Neoplasma, 57, 512-527, 2010). The multivariate analysis revealed that adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of death of the combined variant genotypes of TP53 (Arg72Pro, Pro72Pro) and CYP1A1 (Ile462Val, Val462Val) increased significantly as compared to wild-type genotypes (HR, 6.03; 95% CI, 1.39-26.04, P = 0.016). CONCLUSION These results show that combined variant genotypes of TP53 (Arg72Pro, Pro72Pro) and CYP1A1 (Ile/Val, Val/Val) are associated with worsening of survival in NSCLC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Karacaoğlan
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.,Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Oğuz Ada
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serdar Bilgen
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Emre Soydaş
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Sibel Meryem Alpar
- Lokman Hekim Hospital, Sincan, Ankara, Turkey.,Atatürk Pulmonary Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Gülhan
- Department of Chest Diseases, Ridvan Ege Hospital, Ufuk University, Ankara, Turkey.,Atatürk Pulmonary Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mümtaz Işcan
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Guan X. Metabolic Activation and Drug Targeting. Drug Deliv 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118833322.ch17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
11
|
CYP3A5 mediates basal and acquired therapy resistance in different subtypes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Nat Med 2016; 22:278-87. [PMID: 26855150 PMCID: PMC4780258 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Although subtypes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were described, this malignancy is clinically still treated as a single disease. Here, we present patient-derived models representing the full spectrum of previously identified quasi-mesenchymal (QM-PDA), classical and exocrine-like PDAC subtypes, and identify two markers—HNF1A and KRT81—that enable stratification of tumors into different subtypes by immunohistochemistry. Individuals bearing tumors of these subtypes show significant differences in overall survival and their tumors differ in drug sensitivity, with the exocrine-like subtype being resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and paclitaxel. Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) metabolizes these compounds in tumors of the exocrine-like subtype, and pharmacological or shRNA-mediated CYP3A5 inhibition sensitizes tumor cells to these drugs. Whereas hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4A) controls basal expression of CYP3A5, drug-induced CYP3A5 upregulation is mediated by the nuclear receptor NR1I2. CYP3A5 also contributes to acquired drug resistance in QM-PDA and classical PDAC, and is highly expressed in several additional malignancies. These findings designate CYP3A5 as predictor of therapy response and as a tumor cell-autonomous detoxification mechanism that must be overcome to prevent drug resistance.
Collapse
|
12
|
Yan T, Lu L, Xie C, Chen J, Peng X, Zhu L, Wang Y, Li Q, Shi J, Zhou F, Hu M, Liu Z. Severely Impaired and Dysregulated Cytochrome P450 Expression and Activities in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Implications for Personalized Treatment in Patients. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:2874-86. [PMID: 26516155 PMCID: PMC4674380 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to systematically determine the activities and expressions of cytochrome P450s (CYP) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients to support their optimal use in personalized treatment of HCC. Activities of seven major drug-metabolizing CYP enzymes (CYP1A2, 2A6, 2C8, 2C9, 2D6, 2E1, and 3A4) were determined in tumors and pericarcinomatous tissues harvested from 26 patients with hepatitis B virus-positive HCC using probe substrates. Protein and mRNA levels of these CYPs were also measured using isotope label-free LC/MS-MS method and real-time PCR, respectively. Maximal metabolic velocity (Vmax) of CYP probe substrates was decreased by 2.5- to 30-fold in tumor microsomes, accompanied by a corresponding decrease in their protein and mRNA expression levels. However, Km values and turnover numbers of substrates in tumor microsomes were not changed. High correlations between activities and CYP protein levels were also observed, but the correlation between activities and mRNA levels was often poor. There was a major decrease in the degree of correlation in CYP expression in tumor tissues, suggesting that CYP expression levels are greatly disrupted by the tumorigenic process. Our unprecedented systemic study of the effects of HCC on CYPs demonstrated that activities of CYPs were seriously impaired and their expression patterns were severely altered by HCC. We proposed that determination of the CYP protein expression profile by LC/MS-MS in each patient is a promising approach that can be clinically used for individualized treatment of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongmeng Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Linlin Lu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cong Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiamei Chen
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Peng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Wang
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fuyuan Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas.
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Veterinary Oncology- A Review with an Emphasis on Canine Lymphoma. Vet Sci 2015; 2:150-184. [PMID: 29061939 PMCID: PMC5644636 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci2030150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance (DR) is the major limiting factor in the successful treatment of systemic neoplasia with cytotoxic chemotherapy. DR can be either intrinsic or acquired, and although the development and clinical implications are different, the underlying mechanisms are likely to be similar. Most causes for DR are pharmacodynamic in nature, result from adaptations within the tumor cell and include reduced drug uptake, increased drug efflux, changes in drug metabolism or drug target, increased capacity to repair drug-induced DNA damage or increased resistance to apoptosis. The role of active drug efflux transporters, and those of the ABC-transporter family in particular, have been studied extensively in human oncology and to a lesser extent in veterinary medicine. Methods reported to assess ABC-transporter status include detection of the actual protein (Western blot, immunohistochemistry), mRNA or ABC-transporter function. The three major ABC-transporters associated with DR in human oncology are ABCB1 or P-gp, ABCC1 or MRP1, and ABCG2 or BCRP, and have been demonstrated in canine cell lines, healthy dogs and dogs with cancer. Although this supports a causative role for these ABC-transporters in DR cytotoxic agents in the dog, the relative contribution to the clinical phenotype of DR in canine cancer remains an area of debate and requires further prospective studies.
Collapse
|
14
|
Augustin E, Niemira M, Hołownia A, Mazerska Z. CYP3A4-dependent cellular response does not relate to CYP3A4-catalysed metabolites of C-1748 and C-1305 acridine antitumor agents in HepG2 cells. Cell Biol Int 2014; 38:1291-303. [PMID: 24890801 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
High CYP3A4 expression sensitizes tumor cells to certain antitumor agents while for others it can lower their therapeutic efficacy. We have elucidated the influence of CYP3A4 overexpression on the cellular response induced by antitumor acridine derivatives, C-1305 and C-1748, in two hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines, Hep3A4 stably transfected with CYP3A4 isoenzyme, and HepC34 expressing empty vector. The compounds were selected considering their different chemical structures and different metabolic pathways seen earlier in human and rat liver microsomes C-1748 was transformed to several metabolites at a higher rate in Hep3A4 than in HepC34 cells. In contrast, C-1305 metabolism in Hep3A4 cells was unchanged compared to HepC34 cells, with each cell line producing a single metabolite of comparable concentration. C-1748 resulted in a progressive appearance of sub-G1 population to its high level in both cell lines. In turn, the sub-G1 fraction was dominated in CYP3A4-overexpressing cells following C-1305 exposure. Both compounds induced necrosis and to a lesser extent apoptosis, which were more pronounced in Hep3A4 than in wild-type cells. In conclusion, CYP3A4-overexpressing cells produce higher levels of C-1748 metabolites, but they do not affect the cellular responses to the drug. Conversely, cellular response was modulated following C-1305 treatment in CYP3A4-overexpressing cells, although metabolism of this drug was unaltered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Augustin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cerella C, Sobolewski C, Chateauvieux S, Henry E, Schnekenburger M, Ghelfi J, Dicato M, Diederich M. COX-2 inhibitors block chemotherapeutic agent-induced apoptosis prior to commitment in hematopoietic cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:1277-90. [PMID: 21745461 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic inhibitors of pro-inflammatory cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) possess multiple anti-cancer effects, including chemosensitization. These effects are not always linked to the inhibition of the COX-2 enzyme. Here we analyze the effects of three COX-2 enzyme inhibitors (nimesulide, NS-398 and celecoxib) on apoptosis in different hematopoietic cancer models. Surprisingly, COX-2 inhibitors strongly prevent apoptosis induced by a panel of chemotherapeutic agents. We selected U937 cells as a model of sensitive cells for further studies. Here, we provide evidence that the protective effect is COX-independent. No suppression of the low basal prostaglandin (PG)E(2) production may be observed upon treatment by COX-2 inhibitors. Besides, the non-active celecoxib analog 2,5-dimethyl-celecoxib is able to protect from apoptosis as well. We demonstrate early prevention of the stress-induced apoptotic signaling, prior to Bax/Bak activation. This preventive effect fits with an impairment of the ability of chemotherapeutic agents to trigger apoptogenic stress. Accordingly, etoposide-induced DNA damage is strongly attenuated in the presence of COX-2 inhibitors. In contrast, COX-2 inhibitors do not exert any anti-apoptotic activity when cells are challenged with physiological stimuli (anti-Fas, TNFα or Trail) or with hydrogen peroxide, which do not require internalization and/or are not targeted by chemoresistance proteins. Altogether, our findings show a differential off-target anti-apoptotic effect of COX-2 inhibitors on intrinsic vs. extrinsic apoptosis at the very early steps of intracellular signaling, prior to commitment. The results imply that an exacerbation of the chemoresistance phenomena may be implicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cerella
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhou F, Zhang J, Li P, Niu F, Wu X, Wang G, Roberts MS. Toward a new age of cellular pharmacokinetics in drug discovery. Drug Metab Rev 2011; 43:335-45. [PMID: 21395404 DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2011.560607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, and toxicology are the major determinants of the success or failure of candidates during drug development. Because inappropriate pharmacokinetics often leads to inefficacy, even toxicity, pharmacokinetics studies have been regarded as crucial components in drug preclinical and clinical research. However, new data increasingly reveal that drug concentrations in plasma or tissues cannot totally explain the efficacy of drug on the target organ. For most drugs that interact with targets localized in cells, intracellular penetration, accumulation, distribution, and elimination are important parameters governing the efficacy in the target cells. So, there is a pressing need to clarify the cellular pharmacokinetics and thus evaluate the efficacy of drugs in the target cells. This review provides a general overview regarding current knowledge about cellular pharmacokinetics in some specific cells and also summarizes the factors that can influence cellular pharmacokinetics. It concludes by discussing potential strategies for optimizing cellular pharmacokinetics and advocating that global cellular pharmacokinetics studies be conducted in future research toward improving drug efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Murray GI, Patimalla S, Stewart KN, Miller ID, Heys SD. Profiling the expression of cytochrome P450 in breast cancer. Histopathology 2010; 57:202-11. [PMID: 20716162 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2010.03606.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The cytochrome P450s (P450) are key oxidative enzymes that metabolize many carcinogens and anticancer drugs. Thus, these enzymes influence tumour development, tumour response to therapy and are putative tumour biomarkers. The aim was to define the P450 expression profile in breast cancer and establish the significance of P450 expression in this tumour type. METHODS AND RESULTS A tissue microarray containing 170 breast cancers of no special type was immunostained for a panel of 21 P450s. The highest percentage of strong immunopositivity in breast cancers was seen for CYP4X1 (50.8%), CYP2S1 (37.5%) and CYP2U1 (32.2%), while CYP2J (98.6%) and CYP3A43 (70.7%) were the P450s that most frequently displayed no immunoreactivity. CYP4V2 (P = 0.01), CYP4X1 (P = 0.01) and CYP4Z1 (P = 0.01) showed correlations with tumour grade. CYP1B1 (P = 0.001), CYP3A5 (P = 0.001) and CYP51 (P = 0.005) showed the most significant correlations with oestrogen receptor status. Correlations with survival were identified for CYP2S1 (P = 0.03), CYP3A4 (P = 0.025), CYP4V2 (P = 0.026) and CYP26A1 (P = 0.03), although none of these P450s was an independent marker of prognosis. CONCLUSIONS This study has defined the expression profile of cytochrome P450s in breast cancer and may offer their potential application as biomarkers to aid decisions regarding optimal adjuvant hormonal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graeme I Murray
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sugawara M, Okamoto K, Kadowaki T, Kusano K, Fukamizu A, Yoshimura T. Expressions of cytochrome P450, UDP-glucuronosyltranferase, and transporter genes in monolayer carcinoma cells change in subcutaneous tumors grown as xenografts in immunodeficient nude mice. Drug Metab Dispos 2009; 38:526-33. [PMID: 20007293 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.109.030668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human tumors grown as xenografts in immunodeficient nude mice are widely used to investigate the pharmacological activities of anticancer drugs. Drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters are expressed in tumor cell lines and changes in drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK)-related gene expression after inoculation of the tumor cell may affect the pharmacological activity of the drug under consideration. The aims of the current study were to characterize DMPK-related gene expression profiles and responses to typical cytochrome P450 inducers in monolayer carcinoma cells grown in tissue culture versus those inoculated into a xenograft model. We used the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line PLC/PRF/5 for this study and comprehensively assessed changes in DMPK-related gene expression by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction quantitation. CYP3A4 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A protein amounts were also analyzed by immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting. We found that the expression of many DMPK-related genes was elevated in the inoculated tumor compared with the monolayer carcinoma cells, indicating changes in their gene regulation pathways, presumably due to modulation of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. In addition, monolayer carcinoma versus inoculated tumor cells showed different responses to rifampicin, but similar responses to dexamethasone or 3-methylcholanthrene. These results suggest that inoculation of tumor cells results in the activation of drug metabolism and transport function, leading to changes in the responses to pregnane X receptor ligands and consequent discrepancies in the pharmacological activities between in vitro monolayer carcinoma cells and in vivo xenograft models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Sugawara
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|