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Hill RJ, Bona N, Smink J, Webb HK, Crisp A, Garaycoechea JI, Crossan GP. p53 regulates diverse tissue-specific outcomes to endogenous DNA damage in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2518. [PMID: 38514641 PMCID: PMC10957910 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46844-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA repair deficiency can lead to segmental phenotypes in humans and mice, in which certain tissues lose homeostasis while others remain seemingly unaffected. This may be due to different tissues facing varying levels of damage or having different reliance on specific DNA repair pathways. However, we find that the cellular response to DNA damage determines different tissue-specific outcomes. Here, we use a mouse model of the human XPF-ERCC1 progeroid syndrome (XFE) caused by loss of DNA repair. We find that p53, a central regulator of the cellular response to DNA damage, regulates tissue dysfunction in Ercc1-/- mice in different ways. We show that ablation of p53 rescues the loss of hematopoietic stem cells, and has no effect on kidney, germ cell or brain dysfunction, but exacerbates liver pathology and polyploidisation. Mechanistically, we find that p53 ablation led to the loss of cell-cycle regulation in the liver, with reduced p21 expression. Eventually, p16/Cdkn2a expression is induced, serving as a fail-safe brake to proliferation in the absence of the p53-p21 axis. Taken together, our data show that distinct and tissue-specific functions of p53, in response to DNA damage, play a crucial role in regulating tissue-specific phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross J Hill
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nazareno Bona
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, UK
| | - Job Smink
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hannah K Webb
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alastair Crisp
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, UK
| | - Juan I Garaycoechea
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Gerry P Crossan
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, UK.
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2
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Kaposzta Z, Czoch A, Mukli P, Stylianou O, Liu DH, Eke A, Racz FS. Fingerprints of decreased cognitive performance on fractal connectivity dynamics in healthy aging. GeroScience 2024; 46:713-736. [PMID: 38117421 PMCID: PMC10828149 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of brain functional connectivity (FC) could provide insight in how and why cognitive functions decline even in healthy aging (HA). Despite FC being established as fluctuating over time even in the resting state (RS), dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) studies involving healthy elderly individuals and assessing how these patterns relate to cognitive performance are yet scarce. In our recent study we showed that fractal temporal scaling of functional connections in RS is not only reduced in HA, but also predicts increased response latency and reduced task solving accuracy. However, in that work we did not address changes in the dynamics of fractal connectivity (FrC) strength itself and its plausible relationship with mental capabilities. Therefore, here we analyzed RS electroencephalography recordings of the same subject cohort as previously, consisting of 24 young and 19 healthy elderly individuals, who also completed 7 different cognitive tasks after data collection. Dynamic fractal connectivity (dFrC) analysis was carried out via sliding-window detrended cross-correlation analysis (DCCA). A machine learning method based on recursive feature elimination was employed to select the subset of connections most discriminative between the two age groups, identifying 56 connections that allowed for classifying participants with an accuracy surpassing 92%. Mean of DCCA was found generally increased, while temporal variability of FrC decreased in the elderly when compared to the young group. Finally, dFrC indices expressed an elaborate pattern of associations-assessed via Spearman correlation-with cognitive performance scores in both groups, linking fractal connectivity strength and variance to increased response latency and reduced accuracy in the elderly population. Our results provide further support for the relevance of FrC dynamics in understanding age-related cognitive decline and might help to identify potential targets for future intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zalan Kaposzta
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tuzolto Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Akos Czoch
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tuzolto Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Peter Mukli
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tuzolto Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orestis Stylianou
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tuzolto Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, University Hospital Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charité-University Hospital Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Deland Hu Liu
- Chandra Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Andras Eke
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tuzolto Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Frigyes Samuel Racz
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tuzolto Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
- Mulva Clinic for the Neurosciences, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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3
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Bae J, Logan PE, Acri DJ, Bharthur A, Nho K, Saykin AJ, Risacher SL, Nudelman K, Polsinelli AJ, Pentchev V, Kim J, Hammers DB, Apostolova LG. A simulative deep learning model of SNP interactions on chromosome 19 for predicting Alzheimer's disease risk and rates of disease progression. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:5690-5699. [PMID: 37409680 PMCID: PMC10770299 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying genetic patterns that contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is important not only for pre-symptomatic risk assessment but also for building personalized therapeutic strategies. METHODS We implemented a novel simulative deep learning model to chromosome 19 genetic data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and the Imaging and Genetic Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease datasets. The model quantified the contribution of each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and their epistatic impact on the likelihood of AD using the occlusion method. The top 35 AD-risk SNPs in chromosome 19 were identified, and their ability to predict the rate of AD progression was analyzed. RESULTS Rs561311966 (APOC1) and rs2229918 (ERCC1/CD3EAP) were recognized as the most powerful factors influencing AD risk. The top 35 chromosome 19 AD-risk SNPs were significant predictors of AD progression. DISCUSSION The model successfully estimated the contribution of AD-risk SNPs that account for AD progression at the individual level. This can help in building preventive precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyeong Bae
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Paige E. Logan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Dominic J. Acri
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Apoorva Bharthur
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Andrew J. Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Shannon L. Risacher
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Kelly Nudelman
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Angelina J. Polsinelli
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Valentin Pentchev
- Department of Information Technology, Indiana University Network Science Institute, Bloomington, IN, 47408, United States
| | - Jungsu Kim
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Dustin B. Hammers
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Liana G. Apostolova
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
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Li Y, Fan Q, Li F, Pang R, Chen C, Li P, Wang X, Xuan W, Yu W. The multifaceted roles of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in inflammatory responses - Potential target to regulate neuroinflammation in acute brain injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:8-17. [PMID: 37165649 PMCID: PMC10638996 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231171999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is one of the most important transcription factors that respond to and exert dual effects on inflammatory responses. Recently, the involvement of ATF3 in the neuroinflammatory response to acute brain injury (ABI) has been highlighted. It functions by regulating neuroimmune activation and the production of neuroinflammatory mediators. Notably, recent clinical evidence suggests that ATF3 may serve as a potential ideal biomarker of the long-term prognosis of ABI patients. This mini-review describes the essential inflammation modulatory roles of ATF3 in different disease contexts and summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of ATF3 in the ABI-induced neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuyue Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengshi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Pang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifeng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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5
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Mullis AS, Kaplan DL. Functional bioengineered tissue models of neurodegenerative diseases. Biomaterials 2023; 298:122143. [PMID: 37146365 PMCID: PMC10209845 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging-associated neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases remain poorly understood and no disease-modifying treatments exist despite decades of investigation. Predominant in vitro (e.g., 2D cell culture, organoids) and in vivo (e.g., mouse) models of these diseases are insufficient mimics of human brain tissue structure and function and of human neurodegenerative pathobiology, and have thus contributed to this collective translational failure. This has been a longstanding challenge in the field, and new strategies are required to address both fundamental and translational needs. Bioengineered tissue culture models constitute a class of promising alternatives, as they can overcome the low cell density, poor nutrient exchange, and long term culturability limitations of existing in vitro models. Further, they can reconstruct the structural, mechanical, and biochemical cues of native brain tissue, providing a better mimic of human brain tissues for in vitro pathobiological investigation and drug development. We discuss bioengineering techniques for the generation of these neurodegenerative tissue models, including biomaterials-, organoid-, and microfluidics-based approaches, and design considerations for their construction. To aid the development of the next generation of functional neurodegenerative disease models, we discuss approaches to incorporate greater cellular diversity and simulate aging processes within bioengineered brain tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S Mullis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA; Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
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6
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Rogers RS, Wang H, Durham TJ, Stefely JA, Owiti NA, Markhard AL, Sandler L, To TL, Mootha VK. Hypoxia extends lifespan and neurological function in a mouse model of aging. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002117. [PMID: 37220109 PMCID: PMC10204955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
There is widespread interest in identifying interventions that extend healthy lifespan. Chronic continuous hypoxia delays the onset of replicative senescence in cultured cells and extends lifespan in yeast, nematodes, and fruit flies. Here, we asked whether chronic continuous hypoxia is beneficial in mammalian aging. We utilized the Ercc1 Δ/- mouse model of accelerated aging given that these mice are born developmentally normal but exhibit anatomic, physiological, and biochemical features of aging across multiple organs. Importantly, they exhibit a shortened lifespan that is extended by dietary restriction, the most potent aging intervention across many organisms. We report that chronic continuous 11% oxygen commenced at 4 weeks of age extends lifespan by 50% and delays the onset of neurological debility in Ercc1 Δ/- mice. Chronic continuous hypoxia did not impact food intake and did not significantly affect markers of DNA damage or senescence, suggesting that hypoxia did not simply alleviate the proximal effects of the Ercc1 mutation, but rather acted downstream via unknown mechanisms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that "oxygen restriction" can extend lifespan in a mammalian model of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Rogers
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hong Wang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Timothy J Durham
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jonathan A Stefely
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Norah A Owiti
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Andrew L Markhard
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lev Sandler
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tsz-Leung To
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Vamsi K Mootha
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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7
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Birkisdóttir MB, Van’t Sant LJ, Brandt RMC, Barnhoorn S, Hoeijmakers JHJ, Vermeij WP, Jaarsma D. Purkinje-cell-specific DNA repair-deficient mice reveal that dietary restriction protects neurons by cell-intrinsic preservation of genomic health. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 14:1095801. [PMID: 36760711 PMCID: PMC9902592 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1095801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) is a universal anti-aging intervention, which reduces age-related nervous system pathologies and neurological decline. The degree to which the neuroprotective effect of DR operates by attenuating cell intrinsic degradative processes rather than influencing non-cell autonomous factors such as glial and vascular health or systemic inflammatory status is incompletely understood. Following up on our finding that DR has a remarkably large beneficial effect on nervous system pathology in whole-body DNA repair-deficient progeroid mice, we show here that DR also exerts strong neuroprotection in mouse models in which a single neuronal cell type, i.e., cerebellar Purkinje cells, experience genotoxic stress and consequent premature aging-like dysfunction. Purkinje cell specific hypomorphic and knock-out ERCC1 mice on DR retained 40 and 25% more neurons, respectively, with equal protection against P53 activation, and alike results from whole-body ERCC1-deficient mice. Our findings show that DR strongly reduces Purkinje cell death in our Purkinje cell-specific accelerated aging mouse model, indicating that DR protects Purkinje cells from intrinsic DNA-damage-driven neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Björk Birkisdóttir
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Renata M. C. Brandt
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander Barnhoorn
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan H. J. Hoeijmakers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands,Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands,Faculty of Medicine, CECAD, Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wilbert P. Vermeij
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Wilbert P. Vermeij, ✉
| | - Dick Jaarsma
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands,Dick Jaarsma, ✉
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8
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Zhang X, Liu Y, Huang M, Gunewardena S, Haeri M, Swerdlow RH, Wang N. Landscape of Double-Stranded DNA Breaks in Postmortem Brains from Alzheimer's Disease and Non-Demented Individuals. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:519-535. [PMID: 37334609 PMCID: PMC10357181 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains accumulate DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), which could contribute to neurodegeneration and dysfunction. The genomic distribution of AD brain DSBs is unclear. OBJECTIVE To map genome-wide DSB distributions in AD and age-matched control brains. METHODS We obtained autopsy brain tissue from 3 AD and 3 age-matched control individuals. The donors were men between the ages of 78 to 91. Nuclei extracted from frontal cortex tissue were subjected to Cleavage Under Targets & Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN) assay with an antibody against γH2AX, a marker of DSB formation. γH2AX-enriched chromatins were purified and analyzed via high-throughput genomic sequencing. RESULTS The AD brains contained 18 times more DSBs than the control brains and the pattern of AD DSBs differed from the control brain pattern. In conjunction with published genome, epigenome, and transcriptome analyses, our data revealed aberrant DSB formation correlates with AD-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms, increased chromatin accessibility, and upregulated gene expression. CONCLUSION Our data suggest in AD, an accumulation of DSBs at ectopic genomic loci could contribute to an aberrant upregulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Ming Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sumedha Gunewardena
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Mohammad Haeri
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Russell H. Swerdlow
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, Kansas City, KS, USA
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9
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Zhu L, Hassan SH, Gao X, Johnson JQ, Wang Y, Bregy MV, Wei Z, Chen J, Li P, Stetler RA. Neuron-targeted Knockout of APE1 Forces Premature Cognitive Impairment and Synaptic Dysfunction in Adult Mice. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1862-1874. [PMID: 36465182 PMCID: PMC9662274 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptable and consistent neural function relies at least in part on the ongoing repair of oxidative damage that can accumulate in the brain over a lifespan. To determine whether forebrain neuron-targeted knockout of AP endonuclease 1 (APE1), a critical enzyme in the base excision DNA repair pathway, contributes to neuronal impairments, we generated APE1 conditional knockout mice under the control of the CamKIIα promotor (APE1 cKO). Spatial learning and memory were tested using the Morris water maze. Synaptic markers, including synapsin, vGLUT, GABA1, and GAD were immunostained and quantified. Dendritic morphology and number were characterized using Golgi staining. Long-term potentiation (LTP) was measured in slices from the 6-month-old brain. APE1 cKO mice did not significantly differ from WT mice in the learning phase of the Morris water maze, but performed significantly worse during the memory phase of the Morris water maze. vGLUT, GABA1, and GAD immunostaining was significantly decreased in APE1 cKO mice without concomitant changes in the number of synapsin-positive structures, suggesting that neural networks may be impaired but not at the level of total presynaptic structures. Dendrites were reduced both in number and length of spines in APE1 cKO mice. APE1 cKO brain slices exhibited decreased LTP induction compared to WT brain slices. Together, these data indicate that the conditional loss of APE1 in forebrain neurons leads to a phenotype consistent with expedited brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhu
- 1Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorder & Recovery and Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sulaiman H Hassan
- 1Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorder & Recovery and Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- 2Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Xuguang Gao
- 1Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorder & Recovery and Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Joycelyn Q Johnson
- 1Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorder & Recovery and Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yangfan Wang
- 1Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorder & Recovery and Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - M Victoria Bregy
- 1Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorder & Recovery and Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Zhishuo Wei
- 1Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorder & Recovery and Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- 1Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorder & Recovery and Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- 2Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Peiying Li
- 1Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorder & Recovery and Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - R Anne Stetler
- 1Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorder & Recovery and Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- 2Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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10
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Association between ERCC1 Gene Polymorphism (rs11615) and Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis of Medical Image Fusion and Safety Applications. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9988513. [PMID: 36277013 PMCID: PMC9586779 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9988513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor of the colorectal mucosa epithelial tissue transformed. The fusion of data for medical imaging has become a central issue in such biomedical applications as image-guided surgery and radiotherapy. Currently, CRC has been one of the most threatening tumors affecting people's health worldwide. The excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) is a key enzyme for nucleotide excision repair (NER). Emerging epidemiological studies have indicated that the presence of colorectal cancer (CRC) may be relevant to the ERCC1 rs11615 genetic polymorphism. However, the results of ERCC1 rs11615 on CRC in these studies are controversial. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, and CBM databases for the effects of ERCC1 rs11615 variant on CRC development. There was no meta-analysis focused on the diagnosis of colorectal cancer with ERCC1 rs11615 variant. We creatively carried out a meta-analysis of nine case-control studies and used Stata (version 12.0) software to integrate the pooled odds ratios (ORs) corresponding to a 95% confidence interval (CI) of overall and subgroup analysis. Our results suggest that a significant correlation was observed between rs11615 and the susceptibility of CRC OR 95% CI = 1.13 (1.04-1.23) under an allele genetic model and OR 95% CI = 1.14 (1.01-1.30) under a dominant genetic model for overall CRC. Significant statistical difference was also noted in Asians rather than Caucasians based on the ethnicity subgroups. These results suggested that there is a certain association between rs11615 and the susceptibility of colorectal cancer in the Asian populations.
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11
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Advanced therapeutic strategies targeting microglia: beyond neuroinflammation. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:618-630. [PMID: 36166145 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01406-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
For a long time, microglia have been recognized as the main culprits of neuroinflammatory responses because they are primary phagocytes present in the parenchyma of the central nervous system (CNS). However, with the evolving concept of microglial biology, advanced and precise approaches, rather than the global inhibition of activated microglia, have been proposed in the management of neurological disorders. Yolk sac-derived resident microglia have heterogeneous composition according to brain region, sex, and diseases. They play a key role in the maintenance of CNS homeostasis and as primary phagocytes. The perturbation of microglia development can induce neurodevelopmental disorders. Microglia aggravate or alleviate neuroinflammation according to microenvironment and their spatiotemporal dynamics. They are long-lived cells and repopulate via their proliferation or external monocyte engraft. Based on this evolving concept, understanding advanced therapeutic strategies targeting microglia can give us an opportunity to discover novel therapies for neurological disorders.
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12
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Krokidis MG, Prasinou P, Efthimiadou EK, Boari A, Ferreri C, Chatgilialoglu C. Effects of Aging and Disease Conditions in Brain of Tumor-Bearing Mice: Evaluation of Purine DNA Damages and Fatty Acid Pool Changes. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1075. [PMID: 36008969 PMCID: PMC9405824 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The consequences of aging and disease conditions in tissues involve reactive oxygen species (ROS) and related molecular alterations of different cellular compartments. We compared a murine model of immunodeficient (SCID) xenografted young (4 weeks old) and old (17 weeks old) mice with corresponding controls without tumor implantation and carried out a compositional evaluation of brain tissue for changes in parallel DNA and lipids compartments. DNA damage was measured by four purine 5',8-cyclo-2'-deoxynucleosides, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG), and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyadenosine (8-oxo-dA). In brain lipids, the twelve most representative fatty acid levels, which were mostly obtained from the transformation of glycerophospholipids, were followed up during the aging and disease progressions. The progressive DNA damage due to age and tumoral conditions was confirmed by raised levels of 5'S-cdG and 5'S-cdA. In the brain, the remodeling involved a diminution of palmitic acid accompanied by an increase in arachidonic acid, along both age and tumor progressions, causing increases in the unsaturation index, the peroxidation index, and total TFA as indicators of increased oxidative and free radical reactivity. Our results contribute to the ongoing debate on the central role of DNA and genome instability in the aging process, and on the need for a holistic vision, which implies choosing the best biomarkers for such monitoring. Furthermore, our data highlight brain tissue for its lipid remodeling response and inflammatory signaling, which seem to prevail over the effects of DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios G. Krokidis
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 15310 Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Prasinou
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Eleni K. Efthimiadou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 15310 Athens, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Andrea Boari
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Carla Ferreri
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
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13
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Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been implicated in learning and memory, and their dysregulation has been linked to cognitive impairment in brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on HDAC1 and HDAC2, highlighting recent progress on their roles in regulating brain function through distinct mechanisms, including gene repression and DNA repair pathways. Moreover, we discuss evidence demonstrating how HDAC1 and HDAC2 could be modulated and their potential as targets to combat memory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chieh Pao
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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14
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Murphy ME, Narasimhan A, Adrian A, Kumar A, Green CL, Soto-Palma C, Henpita C, Camell C, Morrow CS, Yeh CY, Richardson CE, Hill CM, Moore DL, Lamming DW, McGregor ER, Simmons HA, Pak HH, Bai H, Denu JM, Clark J, Simcox J, Chittimalli K, Dahlquist K, Lee KA, Calubag M, Bouska M, Yousefzadeh MJ, Sonsalla M, Babygirija R, Yuan R, Tsuji T, Rhoads T, Menon V, Jarajapu YP, Zhu Y. Metabolism in the Midwest: research from the Midwest Aging Consortium at the 49 th Annual Meeting of the American Aging Association. GeroScience 2022; 44:39-52. [PMID: 34714522 PMCID: PMC8554732 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00479-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela E Murphy
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Akilavalli Narasimhan
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alexis Adrian
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- U54 George M. O'Brien Center for Benign Urology Research, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Ankur Kumar
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Cara L Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Carolina Soto-Palma
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chathurika Henpita
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christina Camell
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christopher S Morrow
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Chung-Yang Yeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Claire E Richardson
- Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Cristal M Hill
- Neurosignaling Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70809, USA
| | - Darcie L Moore
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Eric R McGregor
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Heather A Simmons
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53175, USA
| | - Heidi H Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - John M Denu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Josef Clark
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Judith Simcox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Kishore Chittimalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58105, USA
| | - Korbyn Dahlquist
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kyoo-A Lee
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mariah Calubag
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Mark Bouska
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Matthew J Yousefzadeh
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michelle Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Reji Babygirija
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Rong Yuan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62794, USA
| | - Tadataka Tsuji
- Section On Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Timothy Rhoads
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Vinal Menon
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yagna Pr Jarajapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58105, USA
| | - Yun Zhu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62794, USA.
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15
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Nwokwu CD, Xiao AY, Harrison L, Nestorova GG. Identification of microRNA-mRNA regulatory network associated with oxidative DNA damage in human astrocytes. ASN Neuro 2022; 14:17590914221101704. [PMID: 35570825 PMCID: PMC9118907 DOI: 10.1177/17590914221101704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The high lipid content of the brain, coupled with its heavy oxygen dependence and relatively weak antioxidant system, makes it highly susceptible to oxidative DNA damage that contributes to neurodegeneration. This study is aimed at identifying specific ROS-responsive miRNAs that modulate the expression and activity of the DNA repair proteins in human astrocytes, which could serve as potential biomarkers and lead to the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for neurological diseases. Oxidative DNA damage was established after treatment of human astrocytes with 10μM sodium dichromate for 16 h. Comet assay analysis indicated a significant increase in oxidized guanine lesions. RT-qPCR and ELISA assays confirmed that sodium dichromate reduced the mRNA and protein expression levels of the human base-excision repair enzyme, 8-deoxyguanosine DNA glycosylase 1 (hOGG1). Small RNAseq data were generated on an Ion Torrent™ system and the differentially expressed miRNAs were identified using Partek Flow® software. The biologically significant miRNAs were selected using miRNet 2.0. Oxidative-stress-induced DNA damage was associated with a significant decrease in miRNA expression: 231 downregulated miRNAs and 2 upregulated miRNAs (p < 0.05; >2-fold). In addition to identifying multiple miRNA-mRNA pairs involved in DNA repair processes, this study uncovered a novel miRNA-mRNA pair interaction: miR-1248:OGG1. Inhibition of miR-1248 via the transfection of its inhibitor restored the expression levels of hOGG1. Therefore, targeting the identified microRNA candidates could ameliorate the nuclear DNA damage caused by the brain's exposure to mutagens, reduce the incidence and improve the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Y. Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Lynn Harrison
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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16
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NEIL1 and NEIL2 DNA glycosylases modulate anxiety and learning in a cooperative manner in mice. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1354. [PMID: 34857879 PMCID: PMC8639745 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02864-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative DNA damage in the brain has been implicated in neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. DNA glycosylases initiate base excision repair (BER), the main pathway for oxidative DNA base lesion repair. NEIL1 and NEIL3 DNA glycosylases affect cognition in mice, while the role of NEIL2 remains unclear. Here, we investigate the impact of NEIL2 and its potential overlap with NEIL1 on behavior in knockout mouse models. Neil1-/-Neil2-/- mice display hyperactivity, reduced anxiety and improved learning. Hippocampal oxidative DNA base lesion levels are comparable between genotypes and no mutator phenotype is found. Thus, impaired canonical repair is not likely to explain the altered behavior. Electrophysiology suggests reduced axonal activation in the hippocampal CA1 region in Neil1-/-Neil2-/- mice and lack of NEIL1 and NEIL2 causes dysregulation of genes in CA1 relevant for synaptic function. We postulate a cooperative function of NEIL1 and NEIL2 in genome regulation, beyond canonical BER, modulating behavior in mice.
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17
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Schwab N, Leung E, Hazrati LN. Cellular Senescence in Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence and Perspectives. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:742632. [PMID: 34650425 PMCID: PMC8505896 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.742632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can lead to long-term neurological dysfunction and increase one's risk of neurodegenerative disease. Several repercussions of mTBI have been identified and well-studied, including neuroinflammation, gliosis, microgliosis, excitotoxicity, and proteinopathy – however the pathophysiological mechanisms activating these pathways after mTBI remains controversial and unclear. Emerging research suggests DNA damage-induced cellular senescence as a possible driver of mTBI-related sequalae. Cellular senescence is a state of chronic cell-cycle arrest and inflammation associated with physiological aging, mood disorders, dementia, and various neurodegenerative pathologies. This narrative review evaluates the existing studies which identify DNA damage or cellular senescence after TBI (including mild, moderate, and severe TBI) in both experimental animal models and human studies, and outlines how cellular senescence may functionally explain both the molecular and clinical manifestations of TBI. Studies on this subject clearly show accumulation of various forms of DNA damage (including oxidative damage, single-strand breaks, and double-strand breaks) and senescent cells after TBI, and indicate that cellular senescence may be an early event after TBI. Further studies are required to understand the role of sex, cell-type specific mechanisms, and temporal patterns, as senescence may be a pathway of interest to target for therapeutic purposes including prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Schwab
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emily Leung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lili-Naz Hazrati
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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18
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Ko H, Kim S, Kim K, Jung SH, Shim I, Cha S, Lee H, Kim B, Yoon J, Ha TH, Kwak S, Kang JM, Lee JY, Kim J, Park WY, Nho K, Kim DK, Myung W, Won HH. Genome-wide association study of occupational attainment as a proxy for cognitive reserve. Brain 2021; 145:1436-1448. [PMID: 34613391 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational attainment, which represents middle-age cognitive activities, is a known proxy marker of cognitive reserve for Alzheimer's disease. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous genetic variants and revealed the genetic architecture of educational attainment, another marker of cognitive reserve. However, the genetic architecture and heritability for occupational attainment remain elusive. We performed a large-scale GWAS of occupational attainment with 248,847 European individuals from the UK Biobank using the proportional odds logistic mixed model method. In this analysis, we defined occupational attainment using the classified job levels formulated in the UK Standard Occupational Classification system considering the individual professional skill and academic level. We identified 30 significant loci (P < 5 × 10-8); 12 were novel variants, unassociated with other traits. Among them, four lead variants were associated with genes expressed in brain tissues by expression quantitative trait loci mapping from 10 brain regions: rs13002946, rs3741368, rs11654986, and rs1627527. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability was estimated to be 8.5% (s.e. = 0.004) and partitioned heritability was enriched in the central nervous system and brain tissues. Genetic correlation analysis showed shared genetic backgrounds between occupational attainment and multiple traits, including education, intelligence, leisure activities, life satisfaction, and neuropsychiatric disorders. In two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, we demonstrated that high occupation levels were associated with reduced risk for Alzheimer's disease (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.65-0.92 in inverse variance weighted (IVW) method; OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.57-0.92 in the weighted median (WM) method). This causal relationship between occupational attainment and Alzheimer's disease was robust in additional sensitivity analysis that excluded potentially pleiotropic SNPs (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.57-0.91 in the IVW method; OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.53-0.97 in the WM method). Multivariable MR confirmed that occupational attainment had an independent effect on the risk for Alzheimer's disease even after taking educational attainment into account (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.54-0.95 in the IVW method; OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.48-0.97 in the WM method). Overall, our analyses provide insights into the genetic architecture of occupational attainment and demonstrate that occupational attainment is a potential causal protective factor for Alzheimer's disease as a proxy marker of cognitive reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwoong Ko
- Interdisciplinary Program in Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kiwon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Jung
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Injeong Shim
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soojin Cha
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyewon Lee
- Department of Health Administration and Management, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Beomsu Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joohyun Yoon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Tae Hyon Ha
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Seyul Kwak
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinho Kim
- Precision Medicine Center, Future Innovation Research Division, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Doh Kwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woojae Myung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hong-Hee Won
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Sharma S, Advani D, Das A, Malhotra N, Khosla A, Arora V, Jha A, Yadav M, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Pharmacological intervention in oxidative stress as a therapeutic target in neurological disorders. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 74:461-484. [PMID: 34050648 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress is a major cellular burden that triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants that modulate signalling mechanisms. Byproducts generated from this process govern the brain pathology and functions in various neurological diseases. As oxidative stress remains the key therapeutic target in neurological disease, it is necessary to explore the multiple routes that can significantly repair the damage caused due to ROS and consequently, neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase is the critical player of oxidative stress that can also be used as a therapeutic target to combat NDDs. KEY FINDINGS Several antioxidants signalling pathways are found to be associated with oxidative stress and show a protective effect against stressors by increasing the release of various cytoprotective enzymes and also exert anti-inflammatory response against this oxidative damage. These pathways along with antioxidants and reactive species can be the defined targets to eliminate or reduce the harmful effects of neurological diseases. SUMMARY Herein, we discussed the underlying mechanism and crucial role of antioxidants in therapeutics together with natural compounds as a pharmacological tool to combat the cellular deformities cascades caused due to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu Sharma
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Dia Advani
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Ankita Das
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Nishtha Malhotra
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Akanksha Khosla
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Vanshika Arora
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Ankita Jha
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Megha Yadav
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
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20
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van’t Sant LJ, White JJ, Hoeijmakers JHJ, Vermeij WP, Jaarsma D. In vivo 5-ethynyluridine (EU) labelling detects reduced transcription in Purkinje cell degeneration mouse mutants, but can itself induce neurodegeneration. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:94. [PMID: 34020718 PMCID: PMC8139001 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01200-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent staining of newly transcribed RNA via metabolic labelling with 5-ethynyluridine (EU) and click chemistry enables visualisation of changes in transcription, such as in conditions of cellular stress. Here, we tested whether EU labelling can be used to examine transcription in vivo in mouse models of nervous system disorders. We show that injection of EU directly into the cerebellum results in reproducible labelling of newly transcribed RNA in cerebellar neurons and glia, with cell type-specific differences in relative labelling intensities, such as Purkinje cells exhibiting the highest levels. We also observed EU-labelling accumulating into cytoplasmic inclusions, indicating that EU, like other modified uridines, may introduce non-physiological properties in labelled RNAs. Additionally, we found that EU induces Purkinje cell degeneration nine days after EU injection, suggesting that EU incorporation not only results in abnormal RNA transcripts, but also eventually becomes neurotoxic in highly transcriptionally-active neurons. However, short post-injection intervals of EU labelling in both a Purkinje cell-specific DNA repair-deficient mouse model and a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia 1 revealed reduced transcription in Purkinje cells compared to controls. We combined EU labelling with immunohistology to correlate altered EU staining with pathological markers, such as genotoxic signalling factors. These data indicate that the EU-labelling method provided here can be used to identify changes in transcription in vivo in nervous system disease models.
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21
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Zhang X, Heng Y, Kooistra SM, van Weering HRJ, Brummer ML, Gerrits E, Wesseling EM, Brouwer N, Nijboer TW, Dubbelaar ML, Boddeke EWGM, Eggen BJL. Intrinsic DNA damage repair deficiency results in progressive microglia loss and replacement. Glia 2021; 69:729-745. [PMID: 33068332 PMCID: PMC7821301 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The DNA excision repair protein Ercc1 is important for nucleotide excision, double strand DNA break, and interstrand DNA crosslink repair. In constitutive Ercc1-knockout mice, microglia display increased phagocytosis, proliferation and an enhanced responsiveness to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peripheral inflammation. However, the intrinsic effects of Ercc1-deficiency on microglia are unclear. In this study, Ercc1 was specifically deleted from Cx3cr1-expressing cells and changes in microglia morphology and immune responses at different times after deletion were determined. Microglia numbers were reduced with approximately 50% at 2-12 months after Ercc1 deletion. Larger and more ramified microglia were observed following Ercc1 deletion both in vivo and in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. Ercc1-deficient microglia were progressively lost, and during this period, microglia proliferation was transiently increased. Ercc1-deficient microglia were gradually replaced by nondeficient microglia carrying a functional Ercc1 allele. In contrast to constitutive Ercc1-deficient mice, microglia-specific deletion of Ercc1 did not induce microglia activation or increase their responsiveness to a systemic LPS challenge. Gene expression analysis suggested that Ercc1 deletion in microglia induced a transient aging signature, which was different from a priming or disease-associated microglia gene expression profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular NeurobiologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Yang Heng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular NeurobiologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Susanne M. Kooistra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular NeurobiologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Hilmar R. J. van Weering
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular NeurobiologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Maaike L. Brummer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular NeurobiologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Emma Gerrits
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular NeurobiologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Evelyn M. Wesseling
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular NeurobiologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Nieske Brouwer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular NeurobiologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Tjalling W. Nijboer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular NeurobiologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Marissa L. Dubbelaar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular NeurobiologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Erik W. G. M. Boddeke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular NeurobiologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- Center for Healthy Ageing, Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Bart J. L. Eggen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular NeurobiologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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22
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Birkisdóttir MB, Jaarsma D, Brandt RMC, Barnhoorn S, Vliet N, Imholz S, Oostrom CT, Nagarajah B, Portilla Fernández E, Roks AJM, Elgersma Y, Steeg H, Ferreira JA, Pennings JLA, Hoeijmakers JHJ, Vermeij WP, Dollé MET. Unlike dietary restriction, rapamycin fails to extend lifespan and reduce transcription stress in progeroid DNA repair-deficient mice. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13302. [PMID: 33484480 PMCID: PMC7884048 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) and rapamycin extend healthspan and life span across multiple species. We have recently shown that DR in progeroid DNA repair‐deficient mice dramatically extended healthspan and trippled life span. Here, we show that rapamycin, while significantly lowering mTOR signaling, failed to improve life span nor healthspan of DNA repair‐deficient Ercc1∆/− mice, contrary to DR tested in parallel. Rapamycin interventions focusing on dosage, gender, and timing all were unable to alter life span. Even genetically modifying mTOR signaling failed to increase life span of DNA repair‐deficient mice. The absence of effects by rapamycin on P53 in brain and transcription stress in liver is in sharp contrast with results obtained by DR, and appoints reducing DNA damage and transcription stress as an important mode of action of DR, lacking by rapamycin. Together, this indicates that mTOR inhibition does not mediate the beneficial effects of DR in progeroid mice, revealing that DR and rapamycin strongly differ in their modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- María B. Birkisdóttir
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Genome Instability and Nutrition ONCODE Institute Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Dick Jaarsma
- Department of Neuroscience Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | | | - Sander Barnhoorn
- Department of Molecular Genetics Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Vliet
- Department of Molecular Genetics Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Imholz
- Centre for Health Protection National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM Bilthoven The Netherlands
| | - Conny T. Oostrom
- Centre for Health Protection National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM Bilthoven The Netherlands
| | - Bhawani Nagarajah
- Centre for Health Protection National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM Bilthoven The Netherlands
| | - Eliana Portilla Fernández
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Anton J. M. Roks
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Ype Elgersma
- Department of Neuroscience Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Harry Steeg
- Centre for Health Protection National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM Bilthoven The Netherlands
| | - José A. Ferreira
- Department of Statistics, Informatics and Modelling National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM Bilthoven The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen L. A. Pennings
- Centre for Health Protection National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM Bilthoven The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. J. Hoeijmakers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Genome Instability and Nutrition ONCODE Institute Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands
- CECAD Forschungszentrum Köln Germany
| | - Wilbert P. Vermeij
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Genome Instability and Nutrition ONCODE Institute Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Martijn E. T. Dollé
- Centre for Health Protection National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM Bilthoven The Netherlands
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23
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Lovett ML, Nieland TJ, Dingle YTL, Kaplan DL. Innovations in 3-Dimensional Tissue Models of Human Brain Physiology and Diseases. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:1909146. [PMID: 34211358 PMCID: PMC8240470 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201909146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
3-dimensional (3D) laboratory tissue cultures have emerged as an alternative to traditional 2-dimensional (2D) culture systems that do not recapitulate native cell behavior. The discrepancy between in vivo and in vitro tissue-cell-molecular responses impedes understanding of human physiology in general and creates roadblocks for the discovery of therapeutic solutions. Two parallel approaches have emerged for the design of 3D culture systems. The first is biomedical engineering methodology, including bioengineered materials, bioprinting, microfluidics and bioreactors, used alone or in combination, to mimic the microenvironments of native tissues. The second approach is organoid technology, in which stem cells are exposed to chemical and/or biological cues to activate differentiation programs that are reminiscent of human (prenatal) development. This review article describes recent technological advances in engineering 3D cultures that more closely resemble the human brain. The contributions of in vitro 3D tissue culture systems to new insights in neurophysiology, neurological diseases and regenerative medicine are highlighted. Perspectives on designing improved tissue models of the human brain are offered, focusing on an integrative approach merging biomedical engineering tools with organoid biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L. Lovett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - Thomas J.F. Nieland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - Yu-Ting L. Dingle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
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24
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Thadathil N, Delotterie DF, Xiao J, Hori R, McDonald MP, Khan MM. DNA Double-Strand Break Accumulation in Alzheimer's Disease: Evidence from Experimental Models and Postmortem Human Brains. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 58:118-131. [PMID: 32895786 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02109-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that accounts for a majority of dementia cases. AD is characterized by progressive neuronal death associated with neuropathological lesions consisting of neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques. While the pathogenesis of AD has been widely investigated, significant gaps in our knowledge remain about the cellular and molecular mechanisms promoting AD. Recent studies have highlighted the role of DNA damage, particularly DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), in the progression of neuronal loss in a broad spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that accumulation of DNA DSB plays an important role in AD pathogenesis. To test our hypothesis, we examined DNA DSB expression and DNA repair function in the hippocampus of human AD and non-AD brains by immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and RT-qPCR. We observed increased DNA DSB accumulation and reduced DNA repair function in the hippocampus of AD brains compared to the non-AD control brains. Next, we found significantly increased levels of DNA DSB and altered levels of DNA repair proteins in the hippocampus of 5xFAD mice compared to non-transgenic mice. Interestingly, increased accumulation of DNA DSBs and altered DNA repair proteins were also observed in cellular models of AD. These findings provided compelling evidence that AD is associated with accumulation of DNA DSB and/or alteration in DSB repair proteins which may influence an important early part of the pathway toward neural damage and memory loss in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidheesh Thadathil
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 855 Monroe Avenue, 415 Link Building, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - David F Delotterie
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 855 Monroe Avenue, 415 Link Building, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xiao
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 855 Monroe Avenue, 415 Link Building, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Roderick Hori
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michael P McDonald
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 855 Monroe Avenue, 415 Link Building, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.,Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Mohammad Moshahid Khan
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 855 Monroe Avenue, 415 Link Building, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA. .,Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, Division of Rehabilitation Sciences and Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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25
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Local endothelial DNA repair deficiency causes aging-resembling endothelial-specific dysfunction. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:727-746. [PMID: 32202295 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We previously identified genomic instability as a causative factor for vascular aging. In the present study, we determined which vascular aging outcomes are due to local endothelial DNA damage, which was accomplished by genetic removal of ERCC1 (excision repair cross-complementation group 1) DNA repair in mice (EC-knockout (EC-KO) mice). EC-KO showed a progressive decrease in microvascular dilation of the skin, increased microvascular leakage in the kidney, decreased lung perfusion, and increased aortic stiffness compared with wild-type (WT). EC-KO showed expression of DNA damage and potential senescence marker p21 exclusively in the endothelium, as demonstrated in aorta. Also the kidney showed p21-positive cells. Vasodilator responses measured in organ baths were decreased in aorta, iliac and coronary artery EC-KO compared with WT, of which coronary artery was the earliest to be affected. Nitric oxide-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation was abolished in aorta and coronary artery, whereas endothelium-derived hyperpolarization and responses to exogenous nitric oxide (NO) were intact. EC-KO showed increased superoxide production compared with WT, as measured in lung tissue, rich in endothelial cells (ECs). Arterial systolic blood pressure (BP) was increased at 3 months, but normal at 5 months, at which age cardiac output (CO) was decreased. Since no further signs of cardiac dysfunction were detected, this decrease might be an adaptation to prevent an increase in BP. In summary, a selective DNA repair defect in the endothelium produces features of age-related endothelial dysfunction, largely attributed to loss of endothelium-derived NO. Increased superoxide generation might contribute to the observed changes affecting end organ perfusion, as demonstrated in kidney and lung.
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26
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Pao PC, Patnaik D, Watson LA, Gao F, Pan L, Wang J, Adaikkan C, Penney J, Cam HP, Huang WC, Pantano L, Lee A, Nott A, Phan TX, Gjoneska E, Elmsaouri S, Haggarty SJ, Tsai LH. HDAC1 modulates OGG1-initiated oxidative DNA damage repair in the aging brain and Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2484. [PMID: 32424276 PMCID: PMC7235043 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage contributes to brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the factors stimulating DNA repair to stave off functional decline remain obscure. We show that HDAC1 modulates OGG1-initated 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) repair in the brain. HDAC1-deficient mice display age-associated DNA damage accumulation and cognitive impairment. HDAC1 stimulates OGG1, a DNA glycosylase known to remove 8-oxoG lesions that are associated with transcriptional repression. HDAC1 deficiency causes impaired OGG1 activity, 8-oxoG accumulation at the promoters of genes critical for brain function, and transcriptional repression. Moreover, we observe elevated 8-oxoG along with reduced HDAC1 activity and downregulation of a similar gene set in the 5XFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Notably, pharmacological activation of HDAC1 alleviates the deleterious effects of 8-oxoG in aged wild-type and 5XFAD mice. Our work uncovers important roles for HDAC1 in 8-oxoG repair and highlights the therapeutic potential of HDAC1 activation to counter functional decline in brain aging and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chieh Pao
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Debasis Patnaik
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - L Ashley Watson
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Fan Gao
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Caltech Bioinformatics Resource Center at Beckman Institute of Caltech, Pasadena, CA, 91225, USA
| | - Ling Pan
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Chinnakkaruppan Adaikkan
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jay Penney
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Hugh P Cam
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Wen-Chin Huang
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Lorena Pantano
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Audrey Lee
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Alexi Nott
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Trongha X Phan
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Elizabeta Gjoneska
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Sara Elmsaouri
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Stephen J Haggarty
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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27
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Urulangodi M, Mohanty A. DNA damage response and repair pathway modulation by non-histone protein methylation: implications in neurodegeneration. J Cell Commun Signal 2020; 14:31-45. [PMID: 31749026 PMCID: PMC7176765 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-019-00538-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) have emerged to be combinatorial, essential mechanisms used by eukaryotic cells to regulate local chromatin structure, diversify and extend their protein functions and dynamically coordinate complex intracellular signalling processes. Most common types of PTMs include enzymatic addition of small chemical groups resulting in phosphorylation, glycosylation, poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, nitrosylation, methylation, acetylation or covalent attachment of complete proteins such as ubiquitin and SUMO. Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) and protein lysine methyltransferases (PKMTs) enzymes catalyse the methylation of arginine and lysine residues in target proteins, respectively. Rapid progress in quantitative proteomic analysis and functional assays have not only documented the methylation of histone proteins post-translationally but also identified their occurrence in non-histone proteins which dynamically regulate a plethora of cellular functions including DNA damage response and repair. Emerging advances have now revealed the role of both histone and non-histone methylations in the regulating the DNA damage response (DDR) proteins, thereby modulating the DNA repair pathways both in proliferating and post-mitotic neuronal cells. Defects in many cellular DNA repair processes have been found primarily manifested in neuronal tissues. Moreover, fine tuning of the dynamicity of methylation of non-histone proteins as well as the perturbations in this dynamic methylation processes have recently been implicated in neuronal genomic stability maintenance. Considering the impact of methylation on chromatin associated pathways, in this review we attempt to link the evidences in non-histone protein methylation and DDR with neurodegenerative research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusoodanan Urulangodi
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, PIN-695011, India.
| | - Abhishek Mohanty
- Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, PIN-110085, India.
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28
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Schwab N, Grenier K, Hazrati LN. DNA repair deficiency and senescence in concussed professional athletes involved in contact sports. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:182. [PMID: 31727161 PMCID: PMC6857343 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0822-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) leads to diverse symptoms including mood disorders, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. In some individuals, these symptoms become chronic and persist in the long-term and can confer an increased risk of neurodegenerative disease and dementia diagnosis later in life. Despite the severity of its consequences, the pathophysiological mechanism of mTBI remains unknown. In this post-mortem case series, we assessed DNA damage-induced cellular senescence pathways in 38 professional athletes with a history of repeated mTBI and ten controls with no mTBI history. We assessed clinical presentation, neuropathological changes, load of DNA damage, morphological markers of cellular senescence, and expression of genes involved in DNA damage signaling, DNA repair, and cellular senescence including the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Twenty-eight brains with past history of repeated mTBI history had DNA damage within ependymal cells, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. DNA damage burden was increased in brains with proteinopathy compared to those without. Cases also showed hallmark features of cellular senescence in glial cells including astrocytic swelling, beading of glial cell processes, loss of H3K27Me3 (trimethylation at lysine 27 of histone H3) and lamin B1 expression, and increased expression of cellular senescence and SASP pathways. Neurons showed a spectrum of changes including loss of emerin nuclear membrane expression, loss of Brahma-related gene-1 (BRG1 or SMARCA4) expression, loss of myelin basic protein (MBP) axonal expression, and translocation of intranuclear tau to the cytoplasm. Expression of DNA repair proteins was decreased in mTBI brains. mTBI brains showed substantial evidence of DNA damage and cellular senescence. Decreased expression of DNA repair genes suggests inefficient DNA repair pathways in this cohort, conferring susceptibly to cellular senescence and subsequent brain dysfunction after mTBI. We therefore suggest that brains of contact-sports athletes are characterized by deficient DNA repair and DNA damage-induced cellular senescence and propose that this may affect neurons and be the driver of brain dysfunction in mTBI, predisposing the progression to neurodegenerative diseases. This study provides novel targets for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and represents viable targets for future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Schwab
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karl Grenier
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Lili-Naz Hazrati
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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29
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Nyunt T, Britton M, Wanichthanarak K, Budamagunta M, Voss JC, Wilson DW, Rutledge JC, Aung HH. Mitochondrial oxidative stress-induced transcript variants of ATF3 mediate lipotoxic brain microvascular injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 143:25-46. [PMID: 31356870 PMCID: PMC6848793 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Elevation of blood triglycerides, primarily triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRL), is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and vascular dementia (VaD). Accumulating evidence indicates that both atherosclerosis and VaD are linked to vascular inflammation. However, the role of TGRL in vascular inflammation, which increases risk for VaD, remains largely unknown and its underlying mechanisms are still unclear. We strived to determine the effects of postprandial TGRL exposure on brain microvascular endothelial cells, the potential risk factor of vascular inflammation, resulting in VaD. We showed in Aung et al., J Lipid Res., 2016 that postprandial TGRL lipolysis products (TL) activate mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase the expression of the stress-responsive protein, activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), which injures human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) in vitro. In this study, we deployed high-throughput sequencing (HTS)-based RNA sequencing methods and mito stress and glycolytic rate assays with an Agilent Seahorse XF analyzer and profiled the differential expression of transcripts, constructed signaling pathways, and measured mitochondrial respiration, ATP production, proton leak, and glycolysis of HBMECs treated with TL. Conclusions: TL potentiate ROS by mitochondria which activate mitochondrial oxidative stress, decrease ATP production, increase mitochondrial proton leak and glycolysis rate, and mitochondria DNA damage. Additionally, CPT1A1 siRNA knockdown suppresses oxidative stress and prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and vascular inflammation in TL treated HBMECs. TL activates ATF3-MAPKinase, TNF, and NRF2 signaling pathways. Furthermore, the NRF2 signaling pathway which is upstream of the ATF3-MAPKinase signaling pathway, is also regulated by the mitochondrial oxidative stress. We are the first to report differential inflammatory characteristics of transcript variants 4 (ATF3-T4) and 5 (ATF3-T5) of the stress responsive gene ATF3 in HBMECs induced by postprandial TL. Specifically, our data indicates that ATF3-T4 predominantly regulates the TL-induced brain microvascular inflammation and TNF signaling. Both siRNAs of ATF3-T4 and ATF3-T5 suppress cells apoptosis and lipotoxic brain microvascular endothelial cells. These novel signaling pathways triggered by oxidative stress-responsive transcript variants, ATF3-T4 and ATF3-T5, in the brain microvascular inflammation induced by TGRL lipolysis products may contribute to pathophysiological processes of vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tun Nyunt
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Monica Britton
- Genome Center and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Kwanjeera Wanichthanarak
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Siriraj Metabolomics and Phenomics Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Madhu Budamagunta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - John C Voss
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Dennis W Wilson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - John C Rutledge
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Hnin H Aung
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Folgueras AR, Freitas-Rodríguez S, Velasco G, López-Otín C. Mouse Models to Disentangle the Hallmarks of Human Aging. Circ Res 2019; 123:905-924. [PMID: 30355076 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.312204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Model organisms have provided fundamental evidence that aging can be delayed and longevity extended. These findings gave rise to a new era in aging research aimed at elucidating the pathways and networks controlling this complex biological process. The identification of 9 hallmarks of aging has established a framework to evaluate the relative contribution of each hallmark and the interconnections among them. In this review, we revisit these hallmarks with the information obtained exclusively through the generation of genetically modified mouse models that have a significant impact on the aging process. We discuss within each hallmark those interventions that accelerate aging or that have been successful at increasing lifespan, with the final goal of identifying the most promising antiaging avenues based on the current knowledge provided by in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia R Folgueras
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sandra Freitas-Rodríguez
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
| | - Gloria Velasco
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos López-Otín
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
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Venkatramani A, Panda D. Regulation of neuronal microtubule dynamics by tau: Implications for tauopathies. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 133:473-483. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lin E, Kuo PH, Liu YL, Yang AC, Tsai SJ. Polymorphisms of the DNA repair gene EXO1 modulate cognitive aging in old adults in a Taiwanese population. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 78:1-6. [PMID: 30928815 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Evidence indicates that the age-related neuropathological mechanisms associated with DNA repair genes may contribute to cognitive aging and Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we hypothesize that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 155 DNA repair genes may be linked to cognitive aging independently and/or through complex interactions in an older Taiwanese population. A total of 3,730 Taiwanese subjects aged over 60 years from the Taiwan Biobank were analyzed. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was administered to all subjects, and MMSE scores were used to measure cognitive functions. Our data showed that out of 1,652 SNPs, the rs1776181 (P = 1.47 × 10-5), rs1776177 (P = 8.42 × 10-7), rs1635510 (P = 7.97 × 10-6), and rs2526698 (P = 7.06 × 10-6) SNPs in the EXO1 gene were associated with cognitive aging. The association with these SNP remained significant after performing Bonferroni correction. Additionally, we found that interactions between the EXO1 and RAD51C genes influenced cognitive aging (P = 0.002). Finally, we pinpointed the influence of interactions between EXO1 and physical activity (P < 0.001) as well as between DCLRE1C and physical activity (P < 0.001). Our study indicated that DNA repair genes may contribute to susceptibility in cognitive aging independently as well as through gene-gene and gene-physical interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA; Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Albert C Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chen FJ, Liu B, Wu Q, Liu J, Xu YY, Zhou SY, Shi JS. Icariin Delays Brain Aging in Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Prone 8 (SAMP8) Model via Inhibiting Autophagy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 369:121-128. [PMID: 30837279 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.253310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Icariin (ICA), a major flavonoid extracted from the Chinese tonic herb Epimedium, exerts beneficial effects in a variety of age-dependent diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the antiaging mechanisms remain unclear. The senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) model has been used to study age-related neurodegenerative changes associated with aging and the pathogenesis of AD. Hence, the current study was designed to examine the effect of ICA on age-related cognitive decline in SAMP8 mice and explore the role of autophagy in the ICA-mediated neuroprotection. SAMP8 mice were administered with ICA starting at 5 months of age, and the treatment lasted for 3 consecutive months. Morris water maze was used to evaluate cognitive function. The senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining was used to determine the number of senescence cells. The neuronal morphologic changes were examined via Nissl staining. The hippocampal neuronal ultrastructure was examined by transmission electron microscopy. The expression of autophagy protein was examined by Western blot. ICA-treated SAMP8 mice exhibited a robust improvement in spatial learning and memory function. Meanwhile, ICA reduced the number of senescence cells in the brains of SAMP8 mice, inhibited neuronal loss, and reversed neuronal structural changes in the hippocampi of SAMP8 mice. Moreover, ICA treatment also decreased the formation of autophagosomes in the hippocampus of SAMP8 mice, and reduced the expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3-II and p62. These results demonstrate that ICA possesses the ability to delay brain aging in SAMP8 mice, and the mechanisms are possibly mediated through the regulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Ju Chen
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Shan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
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Larsson L, Degens H, Li M, Salviati L, Lee YI, Thompson W, Kirkland JL, Sandri M. Sarcopenia: Aging-Related Loss of Muscle Mass and Function. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:427-511. [PMID: 30427277 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00061.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 767] [Impact Index Per Article: 153.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a loss of muscle mass and function in the elderly that reduces mobility, diminishes quality of life, and can lead to fall-related injuries, which require costly hospitalization and extended rehabilitation. This review focuses on the aging-related structural changes and mechanisms at cellular and subcellular levels underlying changes in the individual motor unit: specifically, the perikaryon of the α-motoneuron, its neuromuscular junction(s), and the muscle fibers that it innervates. Loss of muscle mass with aging, which is largely due to the progressive loss of motoneurons, is associated with reduced muscle fiber number and size. Muscle function progressively declines because motoneuron loss is not adequately compensated by reinnervation of muscle fibers by the remaining motoneurons. At the intracellular level, key factors are qualitative changes in posttranslational modifications of muscle proteins and the loss of coordinated control between contractile, mitochondrial, and sarcoplasmic reticulum protein expression. Quantitative and qualitative changes in skeletal muscle during the process of aging also have been implicated in the pathogenesis of acquired and hereditary neuromuscular disorders. In experimental models, specific intervention strategies have shown encouraging results on limiting deterioration of motor unit structure and function under conditions of impaired innervation. Translated to the clinic, if these or similar interventions, by saving muscle and improving mobility, could help alleviate sarcopenia in the elderly, there would be both great humanitarian benefits and large cost savings for health care systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Hans Degens
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Meishan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Young Il Lee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Wesley Thompson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - James L Kirkland
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
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Galal MK, Elleithy EMM, Abdrabou MI, Yasin NAE, Shaheen YM. Modulation of caspase-3 gene expression and protective effects of garlic and spirulina against CNS neurotoxicity induced by lead exposure in male rats. Neurotoxicology 2019; 72:15-28. [PMID: 30703413 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a ubiquitous environmental and industrial pollutant with worldwide health problems. The present study was designed to investigate the neurotoxic effects of Pb in albino rats and to evaluate the ameliorative role of garlic as well as Spirulina maxima against such toxic effects. Forty adult male rats were used in this investigation (10 rats/group). Group I: served as control, Group II: rats received lead acetate (100 mg/kg), Group III: rats received both lead acetate (100 mg/kg) and garlic (600 mg/kg) and Group IV: rats received both lead acetate (100 mg/kg) and spirulina (500 mg/kg) daily by oral gavage for one month. Exposure to Pb acetate adversely affected the measured acetyl cholinesterase enzyme activity, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation parameters as well as caspase-3 gene expression in brain tissue (cerebrum and cerebellum). Light and electron microscopical examination of the cerebrum and cerebellum showed various lesions after exposure to Pb which were confirmed by immunohistochemistry. On the other hand, administration of garlic and spirulina concomitantly with lead acetate ameliorated most of the undesirable effects. It could be concluded that, the adverse effects induced by lead acetate, were markedly ameliorated by co-treatment with S. maxima more than garlic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona K Galal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ebtihal M M Elleithy
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I Abdrabou
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Noha A E Yasin
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Youssef M Shaheen
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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36
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Pongpanich M, Patchsung M, Mutirangura A. Pathologic Replication-Independent Endogenous DNA Double-Strand Breaks Repair Defect in Chronological Aging Yeast. Front Genet 2018; 9:501. [PMID: 30410502 PMCID: PMC6209823 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduction of physiologic replication-independent endogenous DNA double strand breaks (Phy-RIND-EDSBs) in chronological aging yeast increases pathologic RIND-EDSBs (Path-RIND-EDSBs). Path-RIND-EDSBs can occur spontaneously in non-dividing cells without any inductive agents, and they must be repaired immediately otherwise their accumulation can lead to senescence. If yeasts have DSB repair defect, retention of Path-RIND-EDSBs can be found. Previously, we found that Path-RIND-EDSBs are not only produced but also retained in chronological aging yeast. Here, we evaluated if chronological aging yeasts have a DSB repair defect. We found a significant accumulation of Path-RIND-EDSBs around the same level in aging cells and caffeine treated cells and at a much higher level in the DSB repair mutant cells. Especially in the mutant, some unknown sequence was found inserted at the breaks. In addition, % difference of cell viability between HO induced and non-induced cells was significantly greater in aging cells. Our results suggested that RIND-EDSBs repair efficiency declines, but is not absent, in chronological aging yeast which might promote senescence phenotype. When a repair protein is deficient, an alternative pathway might be employed or an end modification process might occur as inserted sequences at the breaks were observed. Restoring repair defects might slow down the deterioration of cells from chronological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monnat Pongpanich
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Maturada Patchsung
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Mutirangura
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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37
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Sharma K, Darvas M, Keene CD, Niedernhofer LJ, Ladiges W. Modeling Alzheimer's disease in progeria mice. An age-related concept. PATHOBIOLOGY OF AGING & AGE RELATED DISEASES 2018; 8:1524815. [PMID: 30319737 PMCID: PMC6179061 DOI: 10.1080/20010001.2018.1524815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is expected to dramatically increase in older people worldwide. Efforts to find disease-modifying treatments have been largely unsuccessful because of the focus on disease-specific pathogenesis, and lack of animal models to study AD in the context of aging and age-related co-morbidities. The geroscience approach to studying AD would suggest that modulation of aging per se would be a useful strategy, but a mammalian model system that combines both aging and AD is not available. One approach to study old age and AD is to utilize murine models of progeroid syndrome, which can provide a number of advantages not only for basic aging biology but also for preclinical drug testing. A progeria background, such as the Ercc1 mutant mouse (Ercc1−/Δ), provides an aging component not seen in current murine models of AD that lack age-related co-morbidities typical of AD patients. Ercc1−/Δ mice experience the same types of stochastic endogenous DNA damage as WT mice, but accumulate lesions faster due to impaired DNA repair, which accelerates the normal aging process by 6-fold. These mice do not show frank AD pathology but represent a predisposed or hypersensitive environment for AD pathology, where pathogenic elements of AD can be introduced, either by crossing with well-established AD transgenic mouse lines, or transcranial stereotaxic delivery directly into the brain. Since Ercc1−/Δ mice age five to six times faster than WT mice, very rapid characterization and testing of therapeutic interventions is possible. Studies are urgently needed to capitalize on the highly informative potential of this novel AD mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Sharma
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Martin Darvas
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Warren Ladiges
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Khan MM, Xiao J, Patel D, LeDoux MS. DNA damage and neurodegenerative phenotypes in aged Ciz1 null mice. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 62:180-190. [PMID: 29154038 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cell-cycle dysfunction and faulty DNA repair are closely intertwined pathobiological processes that may contribute to several neurodegenerative disorders. CDKN1A interacting zinc finger protein 1 (CIZ1) plays a critical role in DNA replication and cell-cycle progression at the G1/S checkpoint. Germline or somatic variants in CIZ1 have been linked to several neural and extra-neural diseases. Recently, we showed that germline knockout of Ciz1 is associated with motor and hematological abnormalities in young adult mice. However, the effects of CIZ1 deficiency in much older mice may be more relevant to understanding age-related declines in cognitive and motor functioning and age-related neurologic disorders such as isolated dystonia and Alzheimer disease. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts from Ciz1-/- mice showed abnormal sensitivity to the effects of γ-irradiation with persistent DNA breaks, aberrant cell-cycle progression, and apoptosis. Aged (18-month-old) Ciz1-/- mice exhibited marked deficits in motor and cognitive functioning, and, in brain tissues, overt DNA damage, NF-κB upregulation, oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, inflammation, and cell death. These findings indicate that the deleterious effects of CIZ1 deficiency become more pronounced with aging and suggest that defects of cell-cycle control and associated DNA repair pathways in postmitotic neurons could contribute to global neurologic decline in elderly human populations. Accordingly, the G1/S cell-cycle checkpoint and associated DNA repair pathways may be targets for the prevention and treatment of age-related neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Moshahid Khan
- Departments of Neurology, and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xiao
- Departments of Neurology, and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Damini Patel
- Departments of Neurology, and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mark S LeDoux
- Departments of Neurology, and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Pai CS, Sharma PK, Huang HT, Loganathan S, Lin H, Hsu YL, Phasuk S, Liu IY. The Activating Transcription Factor 3 ( Atf3) Homozygous Knockout Mice Exhibit Enhanced Conditioned Fear and Down Regulation of Hippocampal GELSOLIN. Front Mol Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29515366 PMCID: PMC5826182 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic and molecular basis underlying fear memory formation is a key theme in anxiety disorder research. Because activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is induced under stress conditions and is highly expressed in the hippocampus, we hypothesize that ATF3 plays a role in fear memory formation. We used fear conditioning and various other paradigms to test Atf3 knockout mice and study the role of ATF3 in processing fear memory. The results demonstrated that the lack of ATF3 specifically enhanced the expression of fear memory, which was indicated by a higher incidence of the freeze response after fear conditioning, whereas the occurrence of spatial memory including Morris Water Maze and radial arm maze remained unchanged. The enhanced freezing behavior and normal spatial memory of the Atf3 knockout mice resembles the fear response and numbing symptoms often exhibited by patients affected with posttraumatic stress disorder. Additionally, we determined that after fear conditioning, dendritic spine density was increased, and expression of Gelsolin, the gene encoding a severing protein for actin polymerization, was down-regulated in the bilateral hippocampi of the Atf3 knockout mice. Taken together, our results suggest that ATF3 may suppress fear memory formation in mice directly or indirectly through mechanisms involving modulation of actin polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Sheng Pai
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pranao K Sharma
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Ting Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Heng Lin
- Department of Physiology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Luan Hsu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Sarayut Phasuk
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ingrid Y Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Impaired DNA damage response signaling by FUS-NLS mutations leads to neurodegeneration and FUS aggregate formation. Nat Commun 2018; 9:335. [PMID: 29362359 PMCID: PMC5780468 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02299-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most frequent motor neuron disease. Cytoplasmic fused in sarcoma (FUS) aggregates are pathological hallmarks of FUS-ALS. Proper shuttling between the nucleus and cytoplasm is essential for physiological cell function. However, the initial event in the pathophysiology of FUS-ALS remains enigmatic. Using human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSCs)-derived motor neurons (MNs), we show that impairment of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-dependent DNA damage response (DDR) signaling due to mutations in the FUS nuclear localization sequence (NLS) induces additional cytoplasmic FUS mislocalization which in turn results in neurodegeneration and FUS aggregate formation. Our work suggests that a key pathophysiologic event in ALS is upstream of aggregate formation. Targeting DDR signaling could lead to novel therapeutic routes for ameliorating ALS. Abnormal cytoplasmic aggregates of FUS are a hallmark of some forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, using neurons derived from patients with FUS-ALS, the authors demonstrate that impairment of PARP-dependent DNA damage signaling is an event that occurs upstream of neurodegeneration and cytoplasmic aggregate formation in FUS-ALS.
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Yang Z, Price NE, Johnson KM, Wang Y, Gates KS. Interstrand cross-links arising from strand breaks at true abasic sites in duplex DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:6275-6283. [PMID: 28531327 PMCID: PMC5499897 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Interstrand cross-links are exceptionally bioactive DNA lesions. Endogenous generation of interstrand cross-links in genomic DNA may contribute to aging, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Abasic (Ap) sites are common lesions in genomic DNA that readily undergo spontaneous and amine-catalyzed strand cleavage reactions that generate a 2,3-didehydro-2,3-dideoxyribose sugar remnant (3’ddR5p) at the 3’-terminus of the strand break. Interestingly, this strand scission process leaves an electrophilic α,β-unsaturated aldehyde residue embedded within the resulting nicked duplex. Here we present evidence that 3’ddR5p derivatives generated by spermine-catalyzed strand cleavage at Ap sites in duplex DNA can react with adenine residues on the opposing strand to generate a complex lesion consisting of an interstrand cross-link adjacent to a strand break. The cross-link blocks DNA replication by ϕ29 DNA polymerase, a highly processive polymerase enzyme that couples synthesis with strand displacement. This suggests that 3’ddR5p-derived cross-links have the potential to block critical cellular DNA transactions that require strand separation. LC-MS/MS methods developed herein provide powerful tools for studying the occurrence and properties of these cross-links in biochemical and biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, 125 Chemistry Building, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Nathan E Price
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0403, USA
| | - Kevin M Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, 125 Chemistry Building, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Yinsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0403, USA
| | - Kent S Gates
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, 125 Chemistry Building, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, 125 Chemistry Building, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Khan FA, Ali SO. Physiological Roles of DNA Double-Strand Breaks. J Nucleic Acids 2017; 2017:6439169. [PMID: 29181194 PMCID: PMC5664317 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6439169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic integrity is constantly threatened by sources of DNA damage, internal and external alike. Among the most cytotoxic lesions is the DNA double-strand break (DSB) which arises from the cleavage of both strands of the double helix. Cells boast a considerable set of defences to both prevent and repair these breaks and drugs which derail these processes represent an important category of anticancer therapeutics. And yet, bizarrely, cells deploy this very machinery for the intentional and calculated disruption of genomic integrity, harnessing potentially destructive DSBs in delicate genetic transactions. Under tight spatiotemporal regulation, DSBs serve as a tool for genetic modification, widely used across cellular biology to generate diverse functionalities, ranging from the fundamental upkeep of DNA replication, transcription, and the chromatin landscape to the diversification of immunity and the germline. Growing evidence points to a role of aberrant DSB physiology in human disease and an understanding of these processes may both inform the design of new therapeutic strategies and reduce off-target effects of existing drugs. Here, we review the wide-ranging roles of physiological DSBs and the emerging network of their multilateral regulation to consider how the cell is able to harness DNA breaks as a critical biochemical tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhaan A. Khan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Syed O. Ali
- School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK
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Lin H, Guo Y, Zheng Y, Zhao X, Cao Z, Rigdon SE, Xian H, Li X, Liu T, Xiao J, Zeng W, Weaver NL, Qian Z, Ma W, Wu F. Exposure to ambient PM 2.5 associated with overall and domain-specific disability among adults in six low- and middle-income countries. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 104:69-75. [PMID: 28453972 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to particulate matter pollution is associated with various cardiopulmonary diseases, which are closely related with disability. The direct relationship between air pollution and disability, however, has not been fully explored. METHODS We used data from 45,625 participants in the Study on global AGEing and adult health in six low- and middle-income countries. The 12-item version of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) was used to measure the disability with six domains (cognition, mobility, self-care, getting along, life activities, and participation in society). Participants' community addresses were used to estimate annual concentration of PM2.5 using satellite data. We used linear mixed models to examine the effects of PM2.5 on overall and domain-specific WHODAS scores. RESULTS Exposure to PM2.5 was significantly associated with greater disability score (a higher score implies a greater disability); each 10μg/m3 increase corresponded to 0.72 (95% CI: 0.22, 1.22) increase in overall disability score. Compared with low PM2.5 level (<14.33μg/m3), moderate (14.33-27.83μg/m3) and high exposure levels (>27.83μg/m3) were associated with 3.43 (95% CI: 1.43, 5.43) and 3.72 (95% CI: 1.59, 5.86) increase in disability scores. Among the six domains, cognition, mobility and getting along were found to be associated with PM2.5. Stratified analyses found that women and older subjects were more sensitive to this effect. CONCLUSION Exposure to ambient PM2.5 might be one risk factor of disability in the low- and middle-income countries, women and older adults are the vulnerable population; and among the six domains, cognition, mobility and getting along are more relevant to this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualiang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanfei Guo
- Shanghai Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Shanghai Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Steven E Rigdon
- Saint Louis University College for Public Health & Social Justice, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hong Xian
- Saint Louis University College for Public Health & Social Justice, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nancy L Weaver
- Saint Louis University College for Public Health & Social Justice, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - ZhengminMin Qian
- Saint Louis University College for Public Health & Social Justice, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Fan Wu
- Shanghai Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
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Potukuchi A, Addepally U, Sindhu K, Manchala R. Increased total DNA damage and oxidative stress in brain are associated with decreased longevity in high sucrose diet fed WNIN/Gr-Ob obese rats. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 21:648-656. [PMID: 28569623 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1332509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) are chronic nutrient-related disorders that occur together and pose a grave burden to society. They are among the most common causes of ageing and death. Obesity and T2D per se accelerate ageing albeit the underlying mechanisms are unclear yet. Also, it is not clear whether or not superimposing T2D on obesity accelerates ageing. Present study validated the hypothesis, 'super-imposing T2D on obesity accelerates ageing' in WNIN/Gr-Ob, the impaired glucose tolerant, obese rat as the model and evaluated probable underlying mechanisms. OBJECTIVES To estimate the survival analysis of WNIN/Gr-Ob rats induced with T2D. To determine the extent of DNA damage and oxidative stress in the brain, the master controller of the body, in WNIN/Gr-Ob rats with/without high sucrose induced T2D/aggravation of insulin resistance (IR) after 3 and 6 months of feeding. METHODS T2D was induced/IR was aggravated by feeding high sucrose diet (HSD) to 9-10 weeks old, male WNIN/Gr-Ob rats. Survival percentage was determined statistically by Kaplan-Meier estimator. Neuronal DNA damage was quantified by the Comet assay while the oxidative stress and antioxidant status were evaluated from the levels of malonaldialdehyde, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION HSD feeding decreased longevity of WNIN/Gr-Ob rats and was associated with significantly higher total neuronal DNA damage after three months of feeding but not later. In line with this was the increased neuronal oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation) and decreased antioxidant status (reduced glutathione and SOD activity) in HSD than Starch-based diet (SBD) fed rats. The results suggest that HSD feeding decreased the longevity of WNIN/Gr-Ob obese rats probably by increasing oxidative stress and aggravating IR, a condition that precedes T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Potukuchi
- a Endocrinology and Metabolism Division , National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) , Tarnaka, Hyderabad , 500007 , India
| | - Uma Addepally
- b Centre for Biotechnology, IST, JNTU (H) , Hyderabad , India
| | | | - Raghunath Manchala
- a Endocrinology and Metabolism Division , National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) , Tarnaka, Hyderabad , 500007 , India
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Langie SAS, Cameron KM, Ficz G, Oxley D, Tomaszewski B, Gorniak JP, Maas LM, Godschalk RWL, van Schooten FJ, Reik W, von Zglinicki T, Mathers JC. The Ageing Brain: Effects on DNA Repair and DNA Methylation in Mice. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:E75. [PMID: 28218666 PMCID: PMC5333064 DOI: 10.3390/genes8020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Base excision repair (BER) may become less effective with ageing resulting in accumulation of DNA lesions, genome instability and altered gene expression that contribute to age-related degenerative diseases. The brain is particularly vulnerable to the accumulation of DNA lesions; hence, proper functioning of DNA repair mechanisms is important for neuronal survival. Although the mechanism of age-related decline in DNA repair capacity is unknown, growing evidence suggests that epigenetic events (e.g., DNA methylation) contribute to the ageing process and may be functionally important through the regulation of the expression of DNA repair genes. We hypothesize that epigenetic mechanisms are involved in mediating the age-related decline in BER in the brain. Brains from male mice were isolated at 3-32 months of age. Pyrosequencing analyses revealed significantly increased Ogg1 methylation with ageing, which correlated inversely with Ogg1 expression. The reduced Ogg1 expression correlated with enhanced expression of methyl-CpG binding protein 2 and ten-eleven translocation enzyme 2. A significant inverse correlation between Neil1 methylation at CpG-site2 and expression was also observed. BER activity was significantly reduced and associated with increased 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine levels. These data indicate that Ogg1 and Neil1 expression can be epigenetically regulated, which may mediate the effects of ageing on DNA repair in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine A S Langie
- Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK.
| | - Kerry M Cameron
- The Ageing Biology Centre and Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK.
| | - Gabriella Ficz
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - David Oxley
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK.
| | - Bartłomiej Tomaszewski
- Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK.
| | - Joanna P Gorniak
- Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK.
| | - Lou M Maas
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Roger W L Godschalk
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Frederik J van Schooten
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Wolf Reik
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK.
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK.
| | - Thomas von Zglinicki
- The Ageing Biology Centre and Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK.
| | - John C Mathers
- Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK.
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Rekik K, Francés B, Valet P, Dray C, Florian C. Cognitive deficit in hippocampal-dependent tasks in Werner syndrome mouse model. Behav Brain Res 2017; 323:68-77. [PMID: 28119126 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian aging is often characterized by metabolic disturbances, cognitive declines and DNA repairs deficiency, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not well understood. Alterations in DNA repair can significantly exacerbate aging. Mammalian neuronal cells which accumulate unrepaired DNA damage over time could potentially lead to brain functions disorders. Focusing on the ATP-dependent RecQ-type DNA helicase, an enzyme involved in repair of double strand DNA, a mouse model of Werner syndrome (WS) had been proposed as a model of accelerated aging. Until now, no study has investigated the impact of this premature aging syndrome on learning and memory. Spatial memory and cognitive flexibility are particularly affected by the aging process in both men and rodents. Studies have shown that aged mice exhibited similar performance than young adult mice on non-hippocampus dependent memory whereas their performances were decreased in hippocampus-dependent tasks. In this study, we have submitted 3, 5 and 8 month-old WS mice to several behavioral paradigms to evaluate hippocampus-dependent (spatial object location, Morris water maze and fear conditioning) and non hippocampus-dependent (object recognition) memories. No effect on the locomotion activity and anxiety level has been observed in adult WS mice. Interestingly, the 8 month-old WS mice exhibit long-term memory impairment similar to aged mice, suggesting that adult WS mice do develop some aspects of cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaoula Rekik
- Université de Toulouse, France; Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), CNRS, UPS,118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Bernard Francés
- Université de Toulouse, France; Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), CNRS, UPS,118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Philippe Valet
- Université de Toulouse, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Cédric Dray
- Université de Toulouse, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Cédrick Florian
- Université de Toulouse, France; Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), CNRS, UPS,118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, Cedex 9, France.
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Hou Y, Song H, Croteau DL, Akbari M, Bohr VA. Genome instability in Alzheimer disease. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 161:83-94. [PMID: 27105872 PMCID: PMC5195918 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia. Autosomal dominant, familial AD (fAD) is very rare and caused by mutations in amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin-1 (PSEN-1), and presenilin-2 (PSEN-2) genes. The pathogenesis of sporadic AD (sAD) is more complex and variants of several genes are associated with an increased lifetime risk of AD. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA integrity is pivotal during neuronal development, maintenance and function. DNA damage and alterations in cellular DNA repair capacity have been implicated in the aging process and in age-associated neurodegenerative diseases, including AD. These findings are supported by research using animal models of AD and in DNA repair deficient animal models. In recent years, novel mechanisms linking DNA damage to neuronal dysfunction have been identified and have led to the development of noninvasive treatment strategies. Further investigations into the molecular mechanisms connecting DNA damage to AD pathology may help to develop novel treatment strategies for this debilitating disease. Here we provide an overview of the role of genome instability and DNA repair deficiency in AD pathology and discuss research strategies that include genome instability as a component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Hou
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Hyundong Song
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Deborah L Croteau
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Mansour Akbari
- Center for Healthy Aging, SUND, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Barzilai A, Schumacher B, Shiloh Y. Genome instability: Linking ageing and brain degeneration. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 161:4-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Yu Y, Cui Y, Niedernhofer LJ, Wang Y. Occurrence, Biological Consequences, and Human Health Relevance of Oxidative Stress-Induced DNA Damage. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:2008-2039. [PMID: 27989142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A variety of endogenous and exogenous agents can induce DNA damage and lead to genomic instability. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), an important class of DNA damaging agents, are constantly generated in cells as a consequence of endogenous metabolism, infection/inflammation, and/or exposure to environmental toxicants. A wide array of DNA lesions can be induced by ROS directly, including single-nucleobase lesions, tandem lesions, and hypochlorous acid (HOCl)/hypobromous acid (HOBr)-derived DNA adducts. ROS can also lead to lipid peroxidation, whose byproducts can also react with DNA to produce exocyclic DNA lesions. A combination of bioanalytical chemistry, synthetic organic chemistry, and molecular biology approaches have provided significant insights into the occurrence, repair, and biological consequences of oxidatively induced DNA lesions. The involvement of these lesions in the etiology of human diseases and aging was also investigated in the past several decades, suggesting that the oxidatively induced DNA adducts, especially bulky DNA lesions, may serve as biomarkers for exploring the role of oxidative stress in human diseases. The continuing development and improvement of LC-MS/MS coupled with the stable isotope-dilution method for DNA adduct quantification will further promote research about the clinical implications and diagnostic applications of oxidatively induced DNA adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute Florida , Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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