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Salin P, Melon C, Chassain C, Gubellini P, Pages G, Pereira B, Le Fur Y, Durif F, Kerkerian-Le Goff L. Interhemispheric reactivity of the subthalamic nucleus sustains progressive dopamine neuron loss in asymmetrical parkinsonism. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 191:106398. [PMID: 38182075 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive and asymmetrical degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopamine neurons and the unilateral presentation of the motor symptoms at onset, contralateral to the most impaired hemisphere. We previously developed a rat PD model that mimics these typical features, based on unilateral injection of a substrate inhibitor of excitatory amino acid transporters, L-trans-pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylate (PDC), in the substantia nigra (SN). Here, we used this progressive model in a multilevel study (behavioral testing, in vivo 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, slice electrophysiology, immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization) to characterize the functional changes occurring in the cortico-basal ganglia-cortical network in an evolving asymmetrical neurodegeneration context and their possible contribution to the cell death progression. We focused on the corticostriatal input and the subthalamic nucleus (STN), two glutamate components with major implications in PD pathophysiology. In the striatum, glutamate and glutamine levels increased from presymptomatic stages in the PDC-injected hemisphere only, which also showed enhanced glutamatergic transmission and loss of plasticity at corticostriatal synapses assessed at symptomatic stage. Surprisingly, the contralateral STN showed earlier and stronger reactivity than the ipsilateral side (increased intraneuronal cytochrome oxidase subunit I mRNA levels; enhanced glutamate and glutamine concentrations). Moreover, its lesion at early presymptomatic stage halted the ongoing neurodegeneration in the PDC-injected SN and prevented the expression of motor asymmetry. These findings reveal the existence of endogenous interhemispheric processes linking the primary injured SN and the contralateral STN that could sustain progressive dopamine neuron loss, opening new perspectives for disease-modifying treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Salin
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | | | - Carine Chassain
- University of Clermont Auvergne, CHU, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRAE, AgroResonance Facility, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | | | - Guilhem Pages
- INRAE, AgroResonance Facility, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France; INRAE, UR QuaPA, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, Biostatisticis Unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yann Le Fur
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France
| | - Franck Durif
- University of Clermont Auvergne, CHU, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Bove F, Angeloni B, Sanginario P, Rossini PM, Calabresi P, Di Iorio R. Neuroplasticity in levodopa-induced dyskinesias: An overview on pathophysiology and therapeutic targets. Prog Neurobiol 2024; 232:102548. [PMID: 38040324 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) are a common complication in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). A complex cascade of electrophysiological and molecular events that induce aberrant plasticity in the cortico-basal ganglia system plays a key role in the pathophysiology of LIDs. In the striatum, multiple neurotransmitters regulate the different forms of physiological synaptic plasticity to provide it in a bidirectional and Hebbian manner. In PD, impairment of both long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) progresses with disease and dopaminergic denervation of striatum. The altered balance between LTP and LTD processes leads to unidirectional changes in plasticity that cause network dysregulation and the development of involuntary movements. These alterations have been documented, in both experimental models and PD patients, not only in deep brain structures but also at motor cortex. Invasive and non-invasive neuromodulation treatments, as deep brain stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, or transcranial direct current stimulation, may provide strategies to modulate the aberrant plasticity in the cortico-basal ganglia network of patients affected by LIDs, thus restoring normal neurophysiological functioning and treating dyskinesias. In this review, we discuss the evidence for neuroplasticity impairment in experimental PD models and in patients affected by LIDs, and potential neuromodulation strategies that may modulate aberrant plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bove
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetta Angeloni
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Sanginario
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Maria Rossini
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Di Iorio
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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Kochoian BA, Bure C, Papa SM. Targeting Striatal Glutamate and Phosphodiesterases to Control L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia. Cells 2023; 12:2754. [PMID: 38067182 PMCID: PMC10706484 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A large body of work during the past several decades has been focused on therapeutic strategies to control L-DOPA-induced dyskinesias (LIDs), common motor complications of long-term L-DOPA therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD). Yet, LIDs remain a clinical challenge for the management of patients with advanced disease. Glutamatergic dysregulation of striatal projection neurons (SPNs) appears to be a key contributor to altered motor responses to L-DOPA. Targeting striatal hyperactivity at the glutamatergic neurotransmission level led to significant preclinical and clinical trials of a variety of antiglutamatergic agents. In fact, the only FDA-approved treatment for LIDs is amantadine, a drug with NMDAR antagonistic actions. Still, novel agents with improved pharmacological profiles are needed for LID therapy. Recently other therapeutic targets to reduce dysregulated SPN activity at the signal transduction level have emerged. In particular, mechanisms regulating the levels of cyclic nucleotides play a major role in the transduction of dopamine signals in SPNs. The phosphodiesterases (PDEs), a large family of enzymes that degrade cyclic nucleotides in a specific manner, are of special interest. We will review the research for antiglutamatergic and PDE inhibition strategies in view of the future development of novel LID therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brik A. Kochoian
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (B.A.K.); (C.B.)
| | - Cassandra Bure
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (B.A.K.); (C.B.)
| | - Stella M. Papa
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (B.A.K.); (C.B.)
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
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4
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Itaconate Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Exerts Dopamine Neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease through Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12091255. [PMID: 36138991 PMCID: PMC9496935 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common age-associated neurodegenerative motor disorder, which is mainly caused by dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra. This study aimed to evaluate the function and the underlying molecular mechanism of itaconate in PD. PD models were established in vivo and in vitro using 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), respectively. Pole and rotarod tests were applied to evaluate the motor coordination of mice. The expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in MPTP-induced mice and the MPP+ revulsive PD cell model were detected using Western blotting and immunofluorescence. The inflammatory factors level was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The content of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in substantia nigra, striatum, and SH-SY5Y cells were analyzed. Moreover, the apoptosis of MPP+ revulsive SH-SY5Y cells was determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining and flow cytometry. The expression of apoptosis- and Nod-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-associated proteins was measured using Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Itaconate attenuated motor deficits of MPTP-induced PD mice. Itaconate inhibited dopamine neuronal damage, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and neuronal apoptosis in MPTP-caused PD mice and the MPP+ revulsive PD cell model. Additionally, itaconate notably repressed the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. This research demonstrated that itaconate could attenuate neuroinflammation and exert dopamine neuroprotection in PD through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Fieblinger T, Li C, Espa E, Cenci MA. Non-Apoptotic Caspase-3 Activation Mediates Early Synaptic Dysfunction of Indirect Pathway Neurons in the Parkinsonian Striatum. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105470. [PMID: 35628278 PMCID: PMC9141690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-apoptotic caspase-3 activation is critically involved in dendritic spine loss and synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease. It is, however, not known whether caspase-3 plays similar roles in other pathologies. Using a mouse model of clinically manifest Parkinson’s disease, we provide the first evidence that caspase-3 is transiently activated in the striatum shortly after the degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic projections. This caspase-3 activation concurs with a rapid loss of dendritic spines and deficits in synaptic long-term depression (LTD) in striatal projection neurons forming the indirect pathway. Interestingly, systemic treatment with a caspase inhibitor prevents both the spine pruning and the deficit of indirect pathway LTD without interfering with the ongoing dopaminergic degeneration. Taken together, our data identify transient and non-apoptotic caspase activation as a critical event in the early plastic changes of indirect pathway neurons following dopamine denervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Fieblinger
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden; (C.L.); (E.E.)
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute for Synaptic Physiology, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (T.F.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Chang Li
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden; (C.L.); (E.E.)
| | - Elena Espa
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden; (C.L.); (E.E.)
| | - M. Angela Cenci
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden; (C.L.); (E.E.)
- Correspondence: (T.F.); (M.A.C.)
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6
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Bove F, Calabresi P. Plasticity, genetics, and epigenetics in l-dopa-induced dyskinesias. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 184:167-184. [PMID: 35034732 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819410-2.00009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
l-Dopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) are a frequent complication in l-dopa-treated patients affected by Parkinson's disease (PD). In the last years, several progresses in the knowledge of LIDs mechanisms have led to the identification of several molecular and electrophysiologic events. A complex cascade of intracellular events underlies the pathophysiology of LIDs, and, among these, aberrant plasticity in the cortico-basal ganglia system, at striatal and cortical level, plays a key role. Furthermore, several recent studies have investigated genetic susceptibility and epigenetic modifications in LIDs pathophysiology that might have future relevance in clinical practice and pharmacologic research. These progresses might lead to the development of specific strategies not only to treat, but also to prevent or delay the development of LIDs in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bove
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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7
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Mancini A, Ghiglieri V, Parnetti L, Calabresi P, Di Filippo M. Neuro-Immune Cross-Talk in the Striatum: From Basal Ganglia Physiology to Circuit Dysfunction. Front Immunol 2021; 12:644294. [PMID: 33953715 PMCID: PMC8091963 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.644294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The basal ganglia network is represented by an interconnected group of subcortical nuclei traditionally thought to play a crucial role in motor learning and movement execution. During the last decades, knowledge about basal ganglia physiology significantly evolved and this network is now considered as a key regulator of important cognitive and emotional processes. Accordingly, the disruption of basal ganglia network dynamics represents a crucial pathogenic factor in many neurological and psychiatric disorders. The striatum is the input station of the circuit. Thanks to the synaptic properties of striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and their ability to express synaptic plasticity, the striatum exerts a fundamental integrative and filtering role in the basal ganglia network, influencing the functional output of the whole circuit. Although it is currently established that the immune system is able to regulate neuronal transmission and plasticity in specific cortical areas, the role played by immune molecules and immune/glial cells in the modulation of intra-striatal connections and basal ganglia activity still needs to be clarified. In this manuscript, we review the available evidence of immune-based regulation of synaptic activity in the striatum, also discussing how an abnormal immune activation in this region could be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and degenerative central nervous system (CNS) diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mancini
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Section of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Di Filippo
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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8
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Wang ZJ, Yasuhara T. An Examination of Mobile Spinal Cord Stimulators on Treating Parkinson Disease. Brain Circ 2021; 7:8-12. [PMID: 34084970 PMCID: PMC8057101 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_6_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In animal models of Parkinson disease (PD), spinal cord stimulation (SCS) exhibits neuroprotective effects. Recent advancements in SCS technology, most importantly mobile stimulators, allow for the conventional limitations of SCS such as limited stimulation time and restricted animal movements to be bypassed, offering potential avenues for improved clinical translation to PD patients. Small devices that could deliver continuous SCS to freely moving parkinsonian rats were shown to significantly improve behavior, preserve neurons and fibers in the substantia Nigra/striatum, reduce microglia infiltration, and increase laminin-positive area of the cerebral cortex. Through possible anti-inflammatory and angiogenic mechanisms, it has been demonstrated that there are behavioral and histological benefits to continuous SCS in a time-dependent manner. This review will discuss the benefits of this technology as well as focus on the limitations of current animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Jie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Takao Yasuhara
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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9
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Speranza L, di Porzio U, Viggiano D, de Donato A, Volpicelli F. Dopamine: The Neuromodulator of Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity, Reward and Movement Control. Cells 2021; 10:735. [PMID: 33810328 PMCID: PMC8066851 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a key neurotransmitter involved in multiple physiological functions including motor control, modulation of affective and emotional states, reward mechanisms, reinforcement of behavior, and selected higher cognitive functions. Dysfunction in dopaminergic transmission is recognized as a core alteration in several devastating neurological and psychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD), schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and addiction. Here we will discuss the current insights on the role of DA in motor control and reward learning mechanisms and its involvement in the modulation of synaptic dynamics through different pathways. In particular, we will consider the role of DA as neuromodulator of two forms of synaptic plasticity, known as long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) in several cortical and subcortical areas. Finally, we will delineate how the effect of DA on dendritic spines places this molecule at the interface between the motor and the cognitive systems. Specifically, we will be focusing on PD, vascular dementia, and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Speranza
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Umberto di Porzio
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati Traverso”, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Viggiano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Genetic Research Institute “Gaetano Salvatore”, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, IT and Biogem S.c.a.r.l., 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy; (D.V.); (A.d.D.)
| | - Antonio de Donato
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Genetic Research Institute “Gaetano Salvatore”, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, IT and Biogem S.c.a.r.l., 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy; (D.V.); (A.d.D.)
| | - Floriana Volpicelli
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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Campanelli F, Laricchiuta D, Natale G, Marino G, Calabrese V, Picconi B, Petrosini L, Calabresi P, Ghiglieri V. Long-Term Shaping of Corticostriatal Synaptic Activity by Acute Fasting. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041916. [PMID: 33671915 PMCID: PMC7918979 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Food restriction is a robust nongenic, nonsurgical and nonpharmacologic intervention known to improve health and extend lifespan in various species. Food is considered the most essential and frequently consumed natural reward, and current observations have demonstrated homeostatic responses and neuroadaptations to sustained intermittent or chronic deprivation. Results obtained to date indicate that food deprivation affects glutamatergic synapses, favoring the insertion of GluA2-lacking α-Ammino-3-idrossi-5-Metil-4-idrossazol-Propionic Acid receptors (AMPARs) in postsynaptic membranes. Despite an increasing number of studies pointing towards specific changes in response to dietary restrictions in brain regions, such as the nucleus accumbens and hippocampus, none have investigated the long-term effects of such practice in the dorsal striatum. This basal ganglia nucleus is involved in habit formation and in eating behavior, especially that based on dopaminergic control of motivation for food in both humans and animals. Here, we explored whether we could retrieve long-term signs of changes in AMPARs subunit composition in dorsal striatal neurons of mice acutely deprived for 12 hours/day for two consecutive days by analyzing glutamatergic neurotransmission and the principal forms of dopamine and glutamate-dependent synaptic plasticity. Overall, our data show that a moderate food deprivation in experimental animals is a salient event mirrored by a series of neuroadaptations and suggest that dietary restriction may be determinant in shaping striatal synaptic plasticity in the physiological state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Campanelli
- Dipartmento di Medicina, Università di Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (F.C.); (G.N.); (G.M.); (V.C.)
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Daniela Laricchiuta
- Laboratorio di Neurofisiologia Sperimentale e del Comportamento, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia c/o CERC, 00143 Rome, Italy; (D.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Giuseppina Natale
- Dipartmento di Medicina, Università di Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (F.C.); (G.N.); (G.M.); (V.C.)
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gioia Marino
- Dipartmento di Medicina, Università di Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (F.C.); (G.N.); (G.M.); (V.C.)
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Valeria Calabrese
- Dipartmento di Medicina, Università di Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (F.C.); (G.N.); (G.M.); (V.C.)
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome 00176, Italy;
| | - Barbara Picconi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome 00176, Italy;
- Università Telematica San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Petrosini
- Laboratorio di Neurofisiologia Sperimentale e del Comportamento, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia c/o CERC, 00143 Rome, Italy; (D.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Clinica Neurologica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Ghiglieri
- Laboratorio di Neurofisiologia Sperimentale e del Comportamento, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia c/o CERC, 00143 Rome, Italy; (D.L.); (L.P.)
- Università Telematica San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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11
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Marrocco J, Verhaeghe R, Bucci D, Di Menna L, Traficante A, Bouwalerh H, Van Camp G, Ghiglieri V, Picconi B, Calabresi P, Ravasi L, Cisani F, Bagheri F, Pittaluga A, Bruno V, Battaglia G, Morley-Fletcher S, Nicoletti F, Maccari S. Maternal stress programs accelerated aging of the basal ganglia motor system in offspring. Neurobiol Stress 2020; 13:100265. [PMID: 33344718 PMCID: PMC7739146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2020.100265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-life stress involved in the programming of stress-related illnesses can have a toxic influence on the functioning of the nigrostriatal motor system during aging. We examined the effects of perinatal stress (PRS) on the neurochemical, electrophysiological, histological, neuroimaging, and behavioral correlates of striatal motor function in adult (4 months of age) and old (21 months of age) male rats. Adult PRS offspring rats showed reduced dopamine (DA) release in the striatum associated with reductions in tyrosine hydroxylase-positive (TH+) cells and DA transporter (DAT) levels, with no loss of striatal dopaminergic terminals as assessed by positron emission tomography analysis with fluorine-18-l-dihydroxyphenylalanine. Striatal levels of DA and its metabolites were increased in PRS rats. In contrast, D2 DA receptor signaling was reduced and A2A adenosine receptor signaling was increased in the striatum of adult PRS rats. This indicated enhanced activity of the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia motor circuit. Adult PRS rats also showed poorer performance in the grip strength test and motor learning tasks. The aged PRS rats also showed a persistent reduction in striatal DA release and defective motor skills in the pasta matrix and ladder rung walking tests. In addition, the old rats showed large increases in the levels of SNAP-25 and synaptophysin, which are synaptic vesicle-related proteins in the striatum, and in the PRS group only, reductions in Syntaxin-1 and Rab3a protein levels were observed. Our findings indicated that the age-dependent threshold for motor dysfunction was lowered in PRS rats. This area of research is underdeveloped, and our study suggests that early-life stress can contribute to an increased understanding of how aging diseases are programmed in early-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Marrocco
- Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, 10065, NY, USA
| | - Remy Verhaeghe
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Domenico Bucci
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Luisa Di Menna
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Hammou Bouwalerh
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.,International Associated Laboratory (LIA) "Perinatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases": University of Lille - CNRS, UMR 8576, Sapienza University of Rome and IRCCS Neuromed, Italy
| | - Gilles Van Camp
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.,International Associated Laboratory (LIA) "Perinatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases": University of Lille - CNRS, UMR 8576, Sapienza University of Rome and IRCCS Neuromed, Italy
| | - Veronica Ghiglieri
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Laboratory of Neurophysiology, via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64, 00143, Rome, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Barbara Picconi
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurophysiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Piazzale Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Ravasi
- EA1046, IMPRT-IFR114, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Francesca Cisani
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.,Dept. of Pharmacology, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Excellence for Biochemical Research (CEBR), University of Genova, Italy
| | - Farzaneh Bagheri
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.,School of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Anna Pittaluga
- Dept. of Pharmacology, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Excellence for Biochemical Research (CEBR), University of Genova, Italy.,IRCCS San Martino Hospital Genova Italy, Italy
| | - Valeria Bruno
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy.,Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", University Sapienza of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy.,Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", University Sapienza of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Morley-Fletcher
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.,International Associated Laboratory (LIA) "Perinatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases": University of Lille - CNRS, UMR 8576, Sapienza University of Rome and IRCCS Neuromed, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy.,Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", University Sapienza of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Maccari
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.,Science and Medical - Surgical Biotechnology, University Sapienza of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
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12
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Blázquez C, Ruiz-Calvo A, Bajo-Grañeras R, Baufreton JM, Resel E, Varilh M, Pagano Zottola AC, Mariani Y, Cannich A, Rodríguez-Navarro JA, Marsicano G, Galve-Roperh I, Bellocchio L, Guzmán M. Inhibition of striatonigral autophagy as a link between cannabinoid intoxication and impairment of motor coordination. eLife 2020; 9:56811. [PMID: 32773031 PMCID: PMC7417168 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of cannabis is rapidly expanding worldwide. Thus, innovative studies aimed to identify, understand and potentially reduce cannabis-evoked harms are warranted. Here, we found that Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the psychoactive ingredient of cannabis, disrupts autophagy selectively in the striatum, a brain area that controls motor behavior, both in vitro and in vivo. Boosting autophagy, either pharmacologically (with temsirolimus) or by dietary intervention (with trehalose), rescued the Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced impairment of motor coordination in mice. The combination of conditional knockout mouse models and viral vector-mediated autophagy-modulating strategies in vivo showed that cannabinoid CB1 receptors located on neurons belonging to the direct (striatonigral) pathway are required for the motor-impairing activity of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol by inhibiting local autophagy. Taken together, these findings identify inhibition of autophagy as an unprecedented mechanistic link between cannabinoids and motor performance, and suggest that activators of autophagy might be considered as potential therapeutic tools to treat specific cannabinoid-evoked behavioral alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Blázquez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Ruiz-Calvo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Bajo-Grañeras
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jérôme M Baufreton
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and University of Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Bordeaux, France
| | - Eva Resel
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marjorie Varilh
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) and University of Bordeaux, NeuroCentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Antonio C Pagano Zottola
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) and University of Bordeaux, NeuroCentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yamuna Mariani
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) and University of Bordeaux, NeuroCentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Astrid Cannich
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) and University of Bordeaux, NeuroCentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Giovanni Marsicano
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) and University of Bordeaux, NeuroCentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ismael Galve-Roperh
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luigi Bellocchio
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) and University of Bordeaux, NeuroCentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Manuel Guzmán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
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13
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Kuwahara K, Sasaki T, Yasuhara T, Kameda M, Okazaki Y, Hosomoto K, Kin I, Okazaki M, Yabuno S, Kawauchi S, Tomita Y, Umakoshi M, Kin K, Morimoto J, Lee JY, Tajiri N, Borlongan CV, Date I. Long-Term Continuous Cervical Spinal Cord Stimulation Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in Experimental Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:164. [PMID: 32612523 PMCID: PMC7309445 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) exerts neuroprotective effects in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD). Conventional stimulation techniques entail limited stimulation time and restricted movement of animals, warranting the need for optimizing the SCS regimen to address the progressive nature of the disease and to improve its clinical translation to PD patients. OBJECTIVE Recognizing the limitations of conventional stimulation, we now investigated the effects of continuous SCS in freely moving parkinsonian rats. METHODS We developed a small device that could deliver continuous SCS. At the start of the experiment, thirty female Sprague-Dawley rats received the dopamine (DA)-depleting neurotoxin, 6-hydroxydopamine, into the right striatum. The SCS device was fixed below the shoulder area of the back of the animal, and a line from this device was passed under the skin to an electrode that was then implanted epidurally over the dorsal column. The rats were divided into three groups: control, 8-h stimulation, and 24-h stimulation, and behaviorally tested then euthanized for immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS The 8- and 24-h stimulation groups displayed significant behavioral improvement compared to the control group. Both SCS-stimulated groups exhibited significantly preserved tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive fibers and neurons in the striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), respectively, compared to the control group. Notably, the 24-h stimulation group showed significantly pronounced preservation of the striatal TH-positive fibers compared to the 8-h stimulation group. Moreover, the 24-h group demonstrated significantly reduced number of microglia in the striatum and SNc and increased laminin-positive area of the cerebral cortex compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the behavioral and histological benefits of continuous SCS in a time-dependent manner in freely moving PD animals, possibly mediated by anti-inflammatory and angiogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Kuwahara
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sasaki
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takao Yasuhara
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kameda
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yosuke Okazaki
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kakeru Hosomoto
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ittetsu Kin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mihoko Okazaki
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoru Yabuno
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kawauchi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yousuke Tomita
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Michiari Umakoshi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kyohei Kin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun Morimoto
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jea-Young Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Naoki Tajiri
- Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Cesar V. Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Isao Date
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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14
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Astrocyte Signaling Gates Long-Term Depression at Corticostriatal Synapses of the Direct Pathway. J Neurosci 2020; 40:5757-5768. [PMID: 32541069 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2369-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive research into understanding synaptic mechanisms of striatal plasticity, the functional role played by astrocytes in this region remains to be fully elucidated. It was recently demonstrated that high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of cortical inputs induced long-term depression (LTD) mediated by adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) activation at corticostriatal synapses of the direct pathway [cortico-striatal projection neuron (dSPN)] in the dorsolateral striatum (DLS). Because astrocyte-derived adenosine has been shown to regulate synaptic transmission in several brain areas, we investigated whether this form of neuron-astrocyte signaling contributes to synaptic plasticity in the DLS of male and female mice. We found that cortical HFS increases calcium (Ca2+) levels in striatal astrocytes through activation of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 (mGluR5) signaling and that this astrocyte-mediated response is necessary for A1R-mediated LTD. Consistent with this, astrocyte activation with Gq designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) induced A1R-mediated synaptic depression at cortico-dSPN synapses. Together, these results indicate that astrocytes are integral elements of striatal A1R-mediated LTD.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Abnormal striatal circuit function is implicated in several disorders such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. Thus, there is a need to better understand the mechanisms supporting proper striatal activity. While extensive work has revealed the many important contributions from neurons in striatal function, far less is known about the role of astrocytes in this brain area. We show that long-term depression (LTD) at corticostriatal synapses of the direct pathway is not strictly a neuronal phenomenon; astrocytes respond to corticostriatal stimulation and this astrocyte response is necessary for LTD. This research adds to the accumulating evidence that astrocytes are active and integral players in synaptic communication, and that neuron-astrocyte interactions are key cellular processes involved in brain function.
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15
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Li W, Pozzo-Miller L. Dysfunction of the corticostriatal pathway in autism spectrum disorders. J Neurosci Res 2019; 98:2130-2147. [PMID: 31758607 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The corticostriatal pathway that carries sensory, motor, and limbic information to the striatum plays a critical role in motor control, action selection, and reward. Dysfunction of this pathway is associated with many neurological and psychiatric disorders. Corticostriatal synapses have unique features in their cortical origins and striatal targets. In this review, we first describe axonal growth and synaptogenesis in the corticostriatal pathway during development, and then summarize the current understanding of the molecular bases of synaptic transmission and plasticity at mature corticostriatal synapses. Genes associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been implicated in axonal growth abnormalities, imbalance of the synaptic excitation/inhibition ratio, and altered long-term synaptic plasticity in the corticostriatal pathway. Here, we review a number of ASD-associated high-confidence genes, including FMR1, KMT2A, GRIN2B, SCN2A, NLGN1, NLGN3, MET, CNTNAP2, FOXP2, TSHZ3, SHANK3, PTEN, CHD8, MECP2, DYRK1A, RELN, FOXP1, SYNGAP1, and NRXN, and discuss their relevance to proper corticostriatal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lucas Pozzo-Miller
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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16
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Yu-Taeger L, Ott T, Bonsi P, Tomczak C, Wassouf Z, Martella G, Sciamanna G, Imbriani P, Ponterio G, Tassone A, Schulze-Hentrich JM, Goodchild R, Riess O, Pisani A, Grundmann-Hauser K, Nguyen HP. Impaired dopamine- and adenosine-mediated signaling and plasticity in a novel rodent model for DYT25 dystonia. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 134:104634. [PMID: 31678405 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystonia is a neurological movement disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent involuntary muscle contractions. Loss-of-function mutations in the GNAL gene have been identified to be the cause of "isolated" dystonia DYT25. The GNAL gene encodes for the guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha (Gαolf), which is mainly expressed in the olfactory bulb and the striatum and functions as a modulator during neurotransmission coupling with D1R and A2AR. Previously, heterozygous Gαolf -deficient mice (Gnal+/-) have been generated and showed a mild phenotype at basal condition. In contrast, homozygous deletion of Gnal in mice (Gnal-/-) resulted in a significantly reduced survival rate. In this study, using the CRISPR-Cas9 system we generated and characterized heterozygous Gnal knockout rats (Gnal+/-) with a 13 base pair deletion in the first exon of the rat Gnal splicing variant 2, a major isoform in both human and rat striatum. Gnal+/- rats showed early-onset phenotypes associated with impaired dopamine transmission, including reduction in locomotor activity, deficits in rotarod performance and an abnormal motor skill learning ability. At cellular and molecular level, we found down-regulated Arc expression, increased cell surface distribution of AMPA receptors, and the loss of D2R-dependent corticostriatal long-term depression (LTD) in Gnal+/- rats. Based on the evidence that D2R activity is normally inhibited by adenosine A2ARs, co-localized on the same population of striatal neurons, we show that blockade of A2ARs restores physiological LTD. This animal model may be a valuable tool for investigating Gαolf function and finding a suitable treatment for dystonia associated with deficient dopamine transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Yu-Taeger
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases (ZSE), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Ott
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Core Facility Transgenic Animals, University Clinics Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Paola Bonsi
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Celina Tomczak
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases (ZSE), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Zinah Wassouf
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases (ZSE), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Giuseppina Martella
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata,Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sciamanna
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata,Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Imbriani
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata,Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Ponterio
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata,Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tassone
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata,Rome, Italy
| | - Julia M Schulze-Hentrich
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases (ZSE), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rose Goodchild
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Dept. Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olaf Riess
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases (ZSE), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata,Rome, Italy
| | - Kathrin Grundmann-Hauser
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases (ZSE), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Huu Phuc Nguyen
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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17
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Krajeski RN, Macey-Dare A, van Heusden F, Ebrahimjee F, Ellender TJ. Dynamic postnatal development of the cellular and circuit properties of striatal D1 and D2 spiny projection neurons. J Physiol 2019; 597:5265-5293. [PMID: 31531863 PMCID: PMC6900874 DOI: 10.1113/jp278416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Imbalances in the activity of the D1-expressing direct pathway and D2-expressing indirect pathway striatal projection neurons (SPNs) are thought to contribute to many basal ganglia disorders, including early-onset neurodevelopmental disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and Tourette's syndrome. This study provides the first detailed quantitative investigation of development of D1 and D2 SPNs, including their cellular properties and connectivity within neural circuits, during the first postnatal weeks. This period is highly dynamic with many properties changing, but it is possible to make three main observations: many aspects of D1 and D2 SPNs progressively mature in parallel; there are notable exceptions when they diverge; and many of the defining properties of mature striatal SPNs and circuits are already established by the first and second postnatal weeks, suggesting guidance through intrinsic developmental programmes. These findings provide an experimental framework for future studies of striatal development in both health and disease. ABSTRACT Many basal ganglia neurodevelopmental disorders are thought to result from imbalances in the activity of the D1-expressing direct pathway and D2-expressing indirect pathway striatal projection neurons (SPNs). Insight into these disorders is reliant on our understanding of normal D1 and D2 SPN development. Here we provide the first detailed study and quantification of the striatal cellular and circuit changes occurring for both D1 and D2 SPNs in the first postnatal weeks using in vitro whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology. Characterization of their intrinsic electrophysiological and morphological properties, the excitatory long-range inputs coming from cortex and thalamus, as well their local gap junction and inhibitory synaptic connections reveals this period to be highly dynamic with numerous properties changing. However it is possible to make three main observations. Firstly, many aspects of SPNs mature in parallel, including intrinsic membrane properties, increases in dendritic arbours and spine densities, general synaptic inputs and expression of specific glutamate receptors. Secondly, there are notable exceptions, including a transient stronger thalamic innervation of D2 SPNs and stronger cortical NMDA receptor-mediated inputs to D1 SPNs, both in the second postnatal week. Thirdly, many of the defining properties of mature D1 and D2 SPNs and striatal circuits are already established by the first and second postnatal weeks, including different electrophysiological properties as well as biased local inhibitory connections between SPNs, suggesting this is guided through intrinsic developmental programmes. Together these findings provide an experimental framework for future studies of D1 and D2 SPN development in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan N Krajeski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Anežka Macey-Dare
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Fran van Heusden
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Farid Ebrahimjee
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Tommas J Ellender
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
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18
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Ghiglieri V, Campanelli F, Marino G, Natale G, Picconi B, Calabresi P. Corticostriatal synaptic plasticity alterations in the R6/1 transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease. J Neurosci Res 2019; 97:1655-1664. [PMID: 31498496 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a genetic neurodegenerative condition characterized by abnormal dopamine (DA)-glutamate interactions, severe alterations in motor control, and reduced behavioral flexibility. Experimental models of disease show that during symptomatic phases, HD shares with other hyperkinetic disorders the loss of synaptic depotentiation in the striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs). Here we test the hypothesis that corticostriatal long-term depression (LTD), a well-conserved synaptic scaling down response to environmental stimuli, is also altered in symptomatic male R6/1 mice, a HD model with gradual development of symptoms. In vitro patch-clamp and intracellular recordings of corticostriatal slices from R6/1 mice confirm that, similar to other models characterized by hyperkinesia and striatal DA D1 receptor pathway dysregulation, once long-term potentiation (LTP) is induced, synaptic depotentiation is lost. Our new observations show that activity-dependent LTD was abolished in SPNs of mutant mice. In an experimental condition in which N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are normally not recruited, in vitro bath application of DA revealed an abnormal response of D1 receptors that caused a shift in synaptic plasticity direction resulting in an NMDA-dependent LTP. Our results demonstrate that corticostriatal LTD is lost in R6/1 mouse model and confirm the role of aberrant DA-glutamate interactions in the alterations of synaptic scaling down associated with HD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ghiglieri
- Dipartimento di Filosofia, Scienze sociali, umane e della formazione, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Laboratorio di Neurofisiologia, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gioia Marino
- Laboratorio di Neurofisiologia, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Natale
- Laboratorio di Neurofisiologia, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Picconi
- Università Telematica San Raffaele, Rome, Italy.,Laboratorio di Neurofisiologia Sperimentale, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Laboratorio di Neurofisiologia, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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19
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Chabbert D, Caubit X, Roubertoux PL, Carlier M, Habermann B, Jacq B, Salin P, Metwaly M, Frahm C, Fatmi A, Garratt AN, Severac D, Dubois E, Kerkerian-Le Goff L, Fasano L, Gubellini P. Postnatal Tshz3 Deletion Drives Altered Corticostriatal Function and Autism Spectrum Disorder-like Behavior. Biol Psychiatry 2019; 86:274-285. [PMID: 31060802 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.03.974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterozygous deletion of the TSHZ3 gene, encoding for the teashirt zinc-finger homeobox family member 3 (TSHZ3) transcription factor that is highly expressed in cortical projection neurons (CPNs), has been linked to an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) syndrome. Similarly, mice with Tshz3 haploinsufficiency show ASD-like behavior, paralleled by molecular changes in CPNs and corticostriatal synaptic dysfunctions. Here, we aimed at gaining more insight into "when" and "where" TSHZ3 is required for the proper development of the brain, and its deficiency crucial for developing this ASD syndrome. METHODS We generated and characterized a novel mouse model of conditional Tshz3 deletion, obtained by crossing Tshz3flox/flox with CaMKIIalpha-Cre mice, in which Tshz3 is deleted in CPNs from postnatal day 2 to 3 onward. We characterized these mice by a multilevel approach combining genetics, cell biology, electrophysiology, behavioral testing, and bioinformatics. RESULTS These conditional Tshz3 knockout mice exhibit altered cortical expression of more than 1000 genes, ∼50% of which have their human orthologue involved in ASD, in particular genes encoding for glutamatergic synapse components. Consistently, we detected electrophysiological and synaptic changes in CPNs and impaired corticostriatal transmission and plasticity. Furthermore, these mice showed strong ASD-like behavioral deficits. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals a crucial postnatal role of TSHZ3 in the development and functioning of the corticostriatal circuitry and provides evidence that dysfunction in these circuits might be determinant for ASD pathogenesis. Our conditional Tshz3 knockout mouse constitutes a novel ASD model, opening the possibility for an early postnatal therapeutic window for the syndrome linked to TSHZ3 haploinsufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bianca Habermann
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, TAGC, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Jacq
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Salin
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Ahmed Fatmi
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Alistair N Garratt
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Center for Anatomy, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dany Severac
- Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, MGX, Montpellier, France
| | - Emeric Dubois
- Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, MGX, Montpellier, France
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20
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Lee JY, Tuazon JP, Ehrhart J, Sanberg PR, Borlongan CV. Gutting the brain of inflammation: A key role of gut microbiome in human umbilical cord blood plasma therapy in Parkinson's disease model. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:5466-5474. [PMID: 31148353 PMCID: PMC6653272 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Current therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD), including L‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (L‐DOPA), and clinical trials investigating dopaminergic cell transplants, have generated mixed results with the eventual induction of dyskinetic side effects. Although human umbilical cord blood (hUCB) stem/progenitor cells present with no or minimal capacity of differentiation into mature dopaminergic neurons, their transplantation significantly attenuates parkinsonian symptoms likely via bystander effects, specifically stem cell graft‐mediated secretion of growth factors, anti‐inflammatory cytokines, or synaptic function altogether promoting brain repair. Recognizing this non‐cell replacement mechanism, we examined here the effects of intravenously transplanted combination of hUCB‐derived plasma into the 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)‐induced rat model of PD. Animals received repeated dosing of either hUCB‐derived plasma or vehicle at 3, 5 and 10 days after induction into MPTP lesion, then behaviourally and immunohistochemically evaluated over 56 days post‐lesion. Compared to vehicle treatment, transplantation with hUCB‐derived plasma significantly improved motor function, gut motility and dopaminergic neuronal survival in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), which coincided with reduced pro‐inflammatory cytokines in both the SNpc and the intestinal mucosa and dampened inflammation‐associated gut microbiota. These novel data directly implicate a key pathological crosstalk between gut and brain ushering a new avenue of therapeutically targeting the gut microbiome with hUCB‐derived stem cells and plasma for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jea-Young Lee
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Julian P Tuazon
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Paul R Sanberg
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Psychiatry, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Cesario V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
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21
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Giordano N, Iemolo A, Mancini M, Cacace F, De Risi M, Latagliata EC, Ghiglieri V, Bellenchi GC, Puglisi-Allegra S, Calabresi P, Picconi B, De Leonibus E. Motor learning and metaplasticity in striatal neurons: relevance for Parkinson's disease. Brain 2019; 141:505-520. [PMID: 29281030 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nigro-striatal dopamine transmission is central to a wide range of neuronal functions, including skill learning, which is disrupted in several pathologies such as Parkinson's disease. The synaptic plasticity mechanisms, by which initial motor learning is stored for long time periods in striatal neurons, to then be gradually optimized upon subsequent training, remain unexplored. Addressing this issue is crucial to identify the synaptic and molecular mechanisms involved in striatal-dependent learning impairment in Parkinson's disease. In this study, we took advantage of interindividual differences between outbred rodents in reaching plateau performance in the rotarod incremental motor learning protocol, to study striatal synaptic plasticity ex vivo. We then assessed how this process is modulated by dopamine receptors and the dopamine active transporter, and whether it is impaired by overexpression of human α-synuclein in the mesencephalon; the latter is a progressive animal model of Parkinson's disease. We found that the initial acquisition of motor learning induced a dopamine active transporter and D1 receptors mediated long-term potentiation, under a protocol of long-term depression in striatal medium spiny neurons. This effect disappeared in animals reaching performance plateau. Overexpression of human α-synuclein reduced striatal dopamine active transporter levels, impaired motor learning, and prevented the learning-induced long-term potentiation, before the appearance of dopamine neuronal loss. Our findings provide evidence of a reorganization of cellular plasticity within the dorsolateral striatum that is mediated by dopamine receptors and dopamine active transporter during the acquisition of a skill. This newly identified mechanism of cellular memory is a form of metaplasticity that is disrupted in the early stage of synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease, and that might be relevant for other striatal pathologies, such as drug abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Giordano
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Telethon Foundation, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Attilio Iemolo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Mancini
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Cacace
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria De Risi
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Telethon Foundation, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Emanuele Claudio Latagliata
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Ghiglieri
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Philosophy, Human, Social and Educational Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gian Carlo Bellenchi
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Puglisi-Allegra
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Neurology Unit, University of Perugia, S. Andrea delle Fratte, Perugia, Italy
| | - Barbara Picconi
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elvira De Leonibus
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Telethon Foundation, Pozzuoli, Italy
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22
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Du Y, Graves SM. Spiny Projection Neuron Dynamics in Toxin and Transgenic Models of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neural Circuits 2019; 13:17. [PMID: 30930753 PMCID: PMC6428770 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2019.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder that results from the progressive degeneration of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) dopamine (DA) neurons. As a consequence of SNc degeneration, the striatum undergoes DA depletion causing the emergence of motor symptoms such as resting tremor, bradykinesia, postural instability and rigidity. The primary cell type in the striatum is the spiny projection neuron (SPN), which can be divided into two subpopulations, the direct and indirect pathway; the direct pathway innervates the substantia nigra pars reticulata and internal segment of the globus pallidus whereas the indirect pathway innervates the external segment of the globus pallidus. Proper control of movement requires a delicate balance between the two pathways; in PD dysfunction occurs in both cell types and impairments in synaptic plasticity are found in transgenic and toxin rodent models of PD. However, it is difficult to ascertain how the striatum adapts during different stages of PD, particularly during premotor stages. In the natural evolution of PD, patients experience years of degeneration before motor symptoms arise. To model premotor PD, partial lesion rodents and transgenic mice demonstrating progressive nigral degeneration have been and will continue to be assets to the field. Although, rodent models emulating premotor PD are not fully asymptomatic; modest reductions in striatal DA result in cognitive impairments. This mini review article gives a brief summary of SPN dynamics in animal models of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijuan Du
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Steven M Graves
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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23
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Neuhofer D, Lassalle O, Manzoni OJ. Muscarinic M1 Receptor Modulation of Synaptic Plasticity in Nucleus Accumbens of Wild-Type and Fragile X Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:2233-2240. [PMID: 29486555 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated how metabotropic acetylcholine receptors control excitatory synaptic plasticity in the mouse nucleus accumbens core. Pharmacological and genetic approaches revealed that M1 mAChRs (muscarinic acetylcholine receptors) trigger multiple and interacting forms of synaptic plasticity. As previously described in the dorsal striatum, moderate pharmacological activation of M1 mAChR potentiated postsynaptic NMDARs. The M1-potentiation of NMDAR masked a previously unknown coincident TRPV1-mediated long-term depression (LTD). In addition, strong pharmacological activation of M1 mAChR induced canonical retrograde LTD, mediated by presynaptic CB1R. In the fmr1-/y mouse model of Fragile X, we found that CB1R but not TRPV1 M1-LTD was impaired. Finally, pharmacological blockade of the degradation of anandamide and 2-arachidonylglycerol, the two principal endocannabinoids restored fmr1-/y LTD to wild-type levels. These findings shed new light on the complex influence of acetylcholine on excitatory synapses in the nucleus accumbens core and identify new substrates of the synaptic deficits of Fragile X.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Neuhofer
- INMED, INSERM
U901, 13273 Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, 13007 Marseille, France
- Université
de Aix-Marseille, UMR S901, 13273 Marseille, France
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
| | - Olivier Lassalle
- INMED, INSERM
U901, 13273 Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, 13007 Marseille, France
- Université
de Aix-Marseille, UMR S901, 13273 Marseille, France
| | - Olivier J. Manzoni
- INMED, INSERM
U901, 13273 Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, 13007 Marseille, France
- Université
de Aix-Marseille, UMR S901, 13273 Marseille, France
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24
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Augustin SM, Lovinger DM. Functional Relevance of Endocannabinoid-Dependent Synaptic Plasticity in the Central Nervous System. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:2146-2161. [PMID: 29400439 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling system plays a key role in short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity in brain regions involved in various neural functions ranging from action selection to appetite control. This review will explore the role of eCBs in shaping neural circuit function to regulate behaviors. In particular, we will discuss the behavioral consequences of eCB mediated long-term synaptic plasticity in different brain regions. This review brings together evidence from in vitro and ex vivo studies and points out the need for more in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana M. Augustin
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - David M. Lovinger
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
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25
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Augustin SM, Chancey JH, Lovinger DM. Dual Dopaminergic Regulation of Corticostriatal Plasticity by Cholinergic Interneurons and Indirect Pathway Medium Spiny Neurons. Cell Rep 2018; 24:2883-2893. [PMID: 30208314 PMCID: PMC6182771 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocannabinoid (eCB)-mediated long-term depression (LTD) requires dopamine (DA) D2 receptors (D2Rs) for eCB mobilization. The cellular locus of the D2Rs involved in LTD induction remains highly debated. We directly examined the role in LTD induction of D2Rs expressed by striatal cholinergic interneurons (Chls) and indirect pathway medium spiny neurons (iMSNs) using neuron-specific targeted deletion of D2Rs. Deletion of Chl-D2Rs (Chl-Drd2KO) impaired LTD induction in both subtypes of MSNs. LTD induction was restored in the Chl-Drd2KO mice by an M1-selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. In contrast, after the deletion of iMSN-D2Rs (iMSN-Drd2KO), LTD induction was intact in MSNs. Separate interrogation of direct pathway and iMSNs revealed a deficit in LTD induction only at synapses onto iMSNs that lack D2Rs. LTD induction in iMSNs was restored by D2R agonist application. Our findings suggest that Chl D2Rs strongly modulate LTD induction in MSNs, with iMSN-D2Rs having a weaker, iMSN-specific, modulatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana M Augustin
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Jessica H Chancey
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - David M Lovinger
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
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26
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Gorodetski L, Zeira R, Lavian H, Korngreen A. Long-term plasticity of glutamatergic input from the subthalamic nucleus to the entopeduncular nucleus. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:2139-2151. [PMID: 30103273 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The hyperdirect pathway of the basal ganglia bypasses the striatum, and delivers cortical information directly to the subthalamic nucleus (STN). In rodents, the STN excites the two output nuclei of the basal ganglia, the entopeduncular nucleus (EP) and the substantia nigra reticulata (SNr). Thus, during hyperdirect pathway activation, the STN drives EP firing inhibiting the thalamus. We hypothesized that STN activity could induce long-term changes to the STN->EP synapse. To test this hypothesis, we recorded in the whole-cell mode from neurons in the EP in acute brain slices from rats while electrically stimulating the STN. Repetitive pre-synaptic stimulation generated modest long-term depression (LTD) in the STN->EP synapse. However, pairing EP firing with STN stimulation generated robust LTD that manifested for pre-before post-as well as for post- before pre-synaptic pairing. This LTD was highly sensitive to the time difference and was not detected at a time delay of 10 ms. To investigate whether post-synaptic calcium levels were important for LTD induction, we made dendritic recordings from EP neurons that revealed action potential back-propagation and dendritic calcium transients. Buffering the dendritic calcium concentration in the EP neurons with EGTA generated long term potentiation instead of LTD. Finally, mild LTD could be induced by post-synaptic activity alone that was blocked by an endocannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor blocker. These results thus suggest there may be an adaptive mechanism for buffering the impact of the hyperdirect pathway on basal ganglia output which could contribute to the de-correlation of STN and EP firing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilach Gorodetski
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Reut Zeira
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Hagar Lavian
- The Leslie and Susan Gonda Interdisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Alon Korngreen
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Leslie and Susan Gonda Interdisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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27
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Ruiz-Calvo A, Maroto IB, Bajo-Grañeras R, Chiarlone A, Gaudioso Á, Ferrero JJ, Resel E, Sánchez-Prieto J, Rodríguez-Navarro JA, Marsicano G, Galve-Roperh I, Bellocchio L, Guzmán M. Pathway-Specific Control of Striatal Neuron Vulnerability by Corticostriatal Cannabinoid CB1 Receptors. Cereb Cortex 2018; 28:307-322. [PMID: 29121220 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of neurons within the striatum are GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs), which receive glutamatergic input from the cortex and thalamus, and form two major efferent pathways: the direct pathway, expressing dopamine D1 receptor (D1R-MSNs), and the indirect pathway, expressing dopamine D2 receptor (D2R-MSNs). While molecular mechanisms of MSN degeneration have been identified in animal models of striatal damage, the molecular factors that dictate a selective vulnerability of D1R-MSNs or D2R-MSNs remain unknown. Here, we combined genetic, chemogenetic, and pharmacological strategies with behavioral and neurochemical analyses, and show that the pool of cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R) located on corticostriatal terminals efficiently safeguards D1R-MSNs, but not D2R-MSNs, from different insults. This cell-specific response relies on the regulation of glutamatergic signaling, and is independent from the CB1R-dependent control of astroglial activity in the striatum. These findings define cortical CB1R as a pivotal synaptic player in dictating a differential vulnerability of D1R-MSNs versus D2R-MSNs, and increase our understanding of the role of coordinated cannabinergic-glutamatergic signaling in establishing corticostriatal circuits and its dysregulation in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ruiz-Calvo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene B Maroto
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Bajo-Grañeras
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Chiarlone
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Gaudioso
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - José J Ferrero
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Resel
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Sánchez-Prieto
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Giovanni Marsicano
- INSERM and University of Bordeaux, NeuroCentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Ismael Galve-Roperh
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luigi Bellocchio
- INSERM and University of Bordeaux, NeuroCentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Manuel Guzmán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
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28
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Singh A, Jenkins MA, Burke KJ, Beck G, Jenkins A, Scimemi A, Traynelis SF, Papa SM. Glutamatergic Tuning of Hyperactive Striatal Projection Neurons Controls the Motor Response to Dopamine Replacement in Parkinsonian Primates. Cell Rep 2018; 22:941-952. [PMID: 29386136 PMCID: PMC5798888 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.12.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) loss in Parkinson's disease (PD) alters the function of striatal projection neurons (SPNs) and causes motor deficits, but DA replacement can induce further abnormalities. A key pathological change in animal models and patients is SPN hyperactivity; however, the role of glutamate in altered DA responses remains elusive. We tested the effect of locally applied AMPAR or NMDAR antagonists on glutamatergic signaling in SPNs of parkinsonian primates. Following a reduction in basal hyperactivity by antagonists at either receptor, DA inputs induced SPN firing changes that were stable during the entire motor response, in clear contrast with the typically unstable effects. The SPN activity reduction over an extended putamenal area controlled the release of involuntary movements in the "on" state and therefore improved motor responses to DA replacement. These results demonstrate the pathophysiological role of upregulated SPN activity and support strategies to reduce striatal glutamate signaling for PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Singh
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Meagan A Jenkins
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kenneth J Burke
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Goichi Beck
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Andrew Jenkins
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Annalisa Scimemi
- Department of Biology, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Stephen F Traynelis
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Stella M Papa
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
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Napoli E, Lippert T, Borlongan CV. Stem Cell Therapy: Repurposing Cell-Based Regenerative Medicine Beyond Cell Replacement. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1079:87-91. [PMID: 29480446 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells exhibit simple and naive cellular features, yet their exact purpose for regenerative medicine continues to elude even the most elegantly designed research paradigms from developmental biology to clinical therapeutics. Based on their capacity to divide indefinitely and their dynamic differentiation into any type of tissue, the advent of transplantable stem cells has offered a potential treatment for aging-related and injury-mediated diseases. Recent laboratory evidence has demonstrated that transplanted human neural stem cells facilitate endogenous reparative mechanisms by initiating multiple regenerative processes in the brain neurogenic areas. Within these highly proliferative niches reside a myriad of potent regenerative molecules, including anti-inflammatory cytokines, proteomes, and neurotrophic factors, altogether representing a biochemical cocktail vital for restoring brain function in the aging and diseased brain. Here, we advance the concept of therapeutically repurposing stem cells not towards cell replacement per se, but rather exploiting the cells' intrinsic properties to serve as the host brain regenerative catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Napoli
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Trenton Lippert
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.
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30
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Xia J, Meyers AM, Beeler JA. Chronic Nicotine Alters Corticostriatal Plasticity in the Striatopallidal Pathway Mediated By NR2B-Containing Silent Synapses. Neuropsychopharmacology 2017; 42:2314-2324. [PMID: 28462940 PMCID: PMC5645753 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2017.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States and success rates for quitting remain low. High relapse rates are attributed to pervasive nicotine-reinforced associative learning of incentive cues that is highly resistant to extinction. Why such learning is so persistent is poorly understood but may arise as a consequence of neuroadaptations in synaptic plasticity induced by chronic nicotine. We used whole-cell patch clamp recording to investigate the effect of chronic nicotine (cNIC) on synaptic plasticity in dopamine D2 receptor-expressing medium-spiny neurons in the indirect, striatopallidal pathway in dorsolateral striatum. Mice exposed to cNIC exhibited long-term potentiation in response to high-frequency stimulation instead of the expected depression. cNIC decreased baseline AMPA/NMDA ratio, arising from increased NMDA currents enriched in the NR2B subunit with a concomitant upregulation of NMDA-only, silent synapses. These data demonstrate that cNIC can increase silent synapses in MSNs, as observed with cocaine and opiates, and alter the regulation of corticostriatal plasticity. Prior work has characterized cocaine- and morphine-induced upregulation of silent synapses in the ventral striatum; we show it can occur in the dorsal striatum, a region associated with later stages of addiction, craving, and cue-induced relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxun Xia
- Department of Psychology, Queens College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - Allison M Meyers
- Department of Psychology, Queens College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - Jeff A Beeler
- Department of Psychology, Queens College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA,Department of Psychology, Queens College and The Graduate Center, CUNY, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, Queens, NY 11367, USA, Tel: +718 570 0517, Fax: +773 793 2588, E-mail:
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Nishijima H, Ueno T, Funamizu Y, Ueno S, Tomiyama M. Levodopa treatment and dendritic spine pathology. Mov Disord 2017; 33:877-888. [PMID: 28880414 PMCID: PMC6667906 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with the progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Levodopa is the most effective treatment for the motor symptoms of PD. However, chronic oral levodopa treatment can lead to various motor and nonmotor complications because of nonphysiological pulsatile dopaminergic stimulation in the brain. Examinations of autopsy cases with PD have revealed a decreased number of dendritic spines of striatal neurons. Animal models of PD have revealed altered density and morphology of dendritic spines of neurons in various brain regions after dopaminergic denervation or dopaminergic denervation plus levodopa treatment, indicating altered synaptic transmission. Recent studies using rodent models have reported dendritic spine head enlargement in the caudate‐putamen, nucleus accumbens, primary motor cortex, and prefrontal cortex in cases where chronic levodopa treatment following dopaminergic denervation induced dyskinesia‐like abnormal involuntary movement. Hypertrophy of spines results from insertion of alpha‐amino‐2,3‐dihydro‐5‐methyl‐3‐oxo‐4‐isoxazolepropanoic acid receptors into the postsynaptic membrane. Such spine enlargement indicates hypersensitivity of the synapse to excitatory inputs and is compatible with a lack of depotentiation, which is an electrophysiological hallmark of levodopa‐induced dyskinesia found in the corticostriatal synapses of dyskinetic animals and the motor cortex of dyskinetic PD patients. This synaptic plasticity may be one of the mechanisms underlying the priming of levodopa‐induced complications such as levodopa‐induced dyskinesia and dopamine dysregulation syndrome. Drugs that could potentially prevent spine enlargement, such as calcium channel blockers, N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor antagonists, alpha‐amino‐2,3‐dihydro‐5‐methyl‐3‐oxo‐4‐isoxazolepropanoic acid receptor antagonists, and metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists, are candidates for treatment of levodopa‐induced complications in PD. © 2017 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruo Nishijima
- Department of Neurology, Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan.,Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ueno
- Department of Neurology, Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan.,Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Yukihisa Funamizu
- Department of Neurology, Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan
| | - Shinya Ueno
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Masahiko Tomiyama
- Department of Neurology, Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan.,Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
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32
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Pathway- and Cell-Specific Kappa-Opioid Receptor Modulation of Excitation-Inhibition Balance Differentially Gates D1 and D2 Accumbens Neuron Activity. Neuron 2017; 93:147-163. [PMID: 28056342 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous dynorphin signaling via the kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) powerfully mediates negative affective states and stress reactivity. Excitatory inputs from the hippocampus and amygdala play a fundamental role in shaping the activity of both NAcc D1 and D2 MSNs, which encode positive and negative motivational valences, respectively. However, a circuit-based mechanism by which KOR modulation of excitation-inhibition balance modifies D1 and D2 MSN activity is lacking. Here, we provide a comprehensive synaptic framework wherein presynaptic KOR inhibition decreases the excitatory drive of D1 MSN activity by the amygdala, but not the hippocampus. Conversely, presynaptic inhibition by KORs of inhibitory synapses on D2 MSNs enhances integration of excitatory drive by the amygdala and hippocampus. In conclusion, we describe a circuit-based mechanism showing differential gating of afferent control of D1 and D2 MSN activity by KORs in a pathway-specific manner.
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33
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Napoli E. Endogenous repair mechanisms enhanced in Parkinson's disease following stem cell therapy. Brain Circ 2017; 3:163-166. [PMID: 30276319 PMCID: PMC6057692 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_22_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This mini-review highlights the innovative observation that transplanted human neural stem cells can bring about endogenous brain repair through the stimulation of multiple regenerative processes in the neurogenic area (i.e., subventricular zone [SVZ]) in an animal model of Parkinson's disease (PD). In addition, we convey that identifying anti-inflammatory cytokines, therapeutic proteomes, and neurotrophic factors within the SVZ may be essential to induce brain repair and behavioral recovery. This work opens up a new area of research for further understanding the pathology and treatment of PD. This paper is a review article. Referred literature in this paper has been listed in the references section. The datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are available online by searching various databases, including PubMed. Some original points in this article come from the laboratory practice in our research center and the authors’ experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Napoli
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, 95616 USA
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Abstract
The loss of nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) is the primary cause of motor dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD), but the underlying striatal mechanisms remain unclear. In spite of abundant literature portraying structural, biochemical and plasticity changes of striatal projection neurons (SPNs), in the past there has been a data vacuum from the natural human disease and its close model in non-human primates. Recently, single-cell recordings in advanced parkinsonian primates have generated new insights into the altered function of SPNs. Currently, there are also human data that provide direct evidence of profoundly dysregulated SPN activity in PD. Here, we review primate recordings that are impacting our understanding of the striatal dysfunction after DA loss, particularly through the analysis of physiologic correlates of parkinsonian motor behaviors. In contrast to recordings in rodents, data obtained in primates and patients demonstrate similar major abnormalities of the spontaneous SPN firing in the alert parkinsonian state. Furthermore, these studies also show altered SPN responses to DA replacement in the advanced parkinsonian state. Clearly, there is yet much to learn about the striatal discharges in PD, but studies using primate models are contributing unique information to advance our understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms.
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35
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Araque A, Castillo PE, Manzoni OJ, Tonini R. Synaptic functions of endocannabinoid signaling in health and disease. Neuropharmacology 2017. [PMID: 28625718 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endocannabinoids (eCBs) are a family of lipid molecules that act as key regulators of synaptic transmission and plasticity. They are synthetized "on demand" following physiological and/or pathological stimuli. Once released from postsynaptic neurons, eCBs typically act as retrograde messengers to activate presynaptic type 1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1) and induce short- or long-term depression of neurotransmitter release. Besides this canonical mechanism of action, recent findings have revealed a number of less conventional mechanisms by which eCBs regulate neural activity and synaptic function, suggesting that eCB-mediated plasticity is mechanistically more diverse than anticipated. These mechanisms include non-retrograde signaling, signaling via astrocytes, participation in long-term potentiation, and the involvement of mitochondrial CB1. Focusing on paradigmatic brain areas, such as hippocampus, striatum, and neocortex, we review typical and novel signaling mechanisms, and discuss the functional implications in normal brain function and brain diseases. In summary, eCB signaling may lead to different forms of synaptic plasticity through activation of a plethora of mechanisms, which provide further complexity to the functional consequences of eCB signaling. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled "A New Dawn in Cannabinoid Neurobiology".
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Araque
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Pablo E Castillo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Olivier J Manzoni
- Institut National de la Santé et et de la Recherche Médicale U901 Marseille, France, Université de la Méditerranée UMR S901 Aix-Marseille Marseille, France, INMED Marseille, France.
| | - Raffaella Tonini
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
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36
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Hawes SL, Salinas AG, Lovinger DM, Blackwell KT. Long-term plasticity of corticostriatal synapses is modulated by pathway-specific co-release of opioids through κ-opioid receptors. J Physiol 2017; 595:5637-5652. [PMID: 28449351 DOI: 10.1113/jp274190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Both endogenous opioids and opiate drugs of abuse modulate learning of habitual and goal-directed actions, and can also modify long-term plasticity of corticostriatal synapses. Striatal projection neurons of the direct pathway co-release the opioid neuropeptide dynorphin which can inhibit dopamine release via κ-opioid receptors. Theta-burst stimulation of corticostriatal fibres produces long-term potentiation (LTP) in striatal projection neurons when measured using whole-cell patch recording. Optogenetic activation of direct pathway striatal projection neurons inhibits LTP while reducing dopamine release. Because the endogenous release of opioids is activity dependent, this modulation of synaptic plasticity represents a negative feedback mechanism that may limit runaway enhancement of striatal neuron activity in response to drugs of abuse. ABSTRACT Synaptic plasticity in the striatum adjusts behaviour adaptively during skill learning, or maladaptively in the case of addiction. Just as dopamine plays a critical role in synaptic plasticity underlying normal skill learning and addiction, endogenous and exogenous opiates also modulate learning and addiction-related striatal plasticity. Though the role of opioid receptors in long-term depression in striatum has been characterized, their effect on long-term potentiation (LTP) remains unknown. In particular, direct pathway (dopamine D1 receptor-containing; D1R-) spiny projection neurons (SPNs) co-release the opioid neuropeptide dynorphin, which acts at presynaptic κ-opioid receptors (KORs) on dopaminergic afferents and can negatively regulate dopamine release. Therefore, we evaluated the interaction of co-released dynorphin and KOR on striatal LTP. We optogenetically facilitate the release of endogenous dynorphin from D1R-SPNs in brain slice while using whole-cell patch recording to measure changes in the synaptic response of SPNs following theta-burst stimulation (TBS) of cortical afferents. Our results demonstrate that TBS evokes corticostriatal LTP, and that optogenetic activation of D1R-SPNs during induction impairs LTP. Additional experiments demonstrate that optogenetic activation of D1R-SPNs reduces stimulation-evoked dopamine release and that bath application of a KOR antagonist provides full rescue of both LTP induction and dopamine release during optogenetic activation of D1R-SPNs. These results suggest that an increase in the opioid neuropeptide dynorphin is responsible for reduced TBS LTP and illustrate a physiological phenomenon whereby heightened D1R-SPN activity can regulate corticostriatal plasticity. Our findings have important implications for learning in addictive states marked by elevated direct pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Hawes
- George Mason University, Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, Fairfax, VA, 22030-4444, USA
| | - Armando G Salinas
- George Mason University, Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, Fairfax, VA, 22030-4444, USA.,Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, Section on Synaptic Pharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - David M Lovinger
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, Section on Synaptic Pharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Kim T Blackwell
- George Mason University, Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, Fairfax, VA, 22030-4444, USA
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Napoli E, Borlongan CV. Cell Therapy in Parkinson's Disease: Host Brain Repair Machinery Gets a Boost From Stem Cell Grafts. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1443-1445. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Napoli
- Department of Molecular Biosciences; University of California Davis; Davis California USA
| | - Cesar V. Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair; University of South Florida College of Medicine; Tampa Florida USA
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Rajan R, Popa T, Quartarone A, Ghilardi MF, Kishore A. Cortical plasticity and levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease: Connecting the dots in a multicomponent network. Clin Neurophysiol 2017; 128:992-999. [PMID: 28454042 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Levodopa-induced dyskinesias are motor complications following long term dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD). Impaired brain plasticity resulting in the creation of aberrant motor maps intended to encode normal voluntary movement is proposed to result in the development of dyskinesias. Traditionally, the various nodes in the motor network like the striato-cortical and the cerebello-thalamic loops were thought to function independent of each other with little communication among them. Anatomical evidence from primates revealed the existence of reciprocal loops between the basal ganglia and the cerebellum providing an anatomical basis for communication between the motor network loops. Dyskinetic PD patients reveal impaired brain plasticity within the motor cortex which may be modulated by cortico-cortical, cerebello-cortical or striato-cortical connections. In this article, we review the evidence for altered plasticity in the multicomponent motor network in the context of levodopa induced dyskinesias in PD. Current evidence suggests a pivotal role for the cerebellum in the larger motor network with the ability to integrate sensorimotor information and independently influence multiple nodes in this network. Targeting the cerebellum seems to be a justified approach for future interventions aimed at attenuating levodopa-induced dyskinesias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopa Rajan
- Comprehensive Care Center for Movement Disorders, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Kerala, India.
| | - Traian Popa
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, USA.
| | - Angelo Quartarone
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Via Palermo, Messina, Italy.
| | - Maria Felice Ghilardi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, City University of New York Medical School, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Asha Kishore
- Comprehensive Care Center for Movement Disorders, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Kerala, India.
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Human striatal recordings reveal abnormal discharge of projection neurons in Parkinson's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:9629-34. [PMID: 27503874 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1606792113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Circuitry models of Parkinson's disease (PD) are based on striatal dopamine loss and aberrant striatal inputs into the basal ganglia network. However, extrastriatal mechanisms have increasingly been the focus of attention, whereas the status of striatal discharges in the parkinsonian human brain remains conjectural. We now report the activity pattern of striatal projection neurons (SPNs) in patients with PD undergoing deep brain stimulation surgery, compared with patients with essential tremor (ET) and isolated dystonia (ID). The SPN activity in ET was very low (2.1 ± 0.1 Hz) and reminiscent of that found in normal animals. In contrast, SPNs in PD fired at much higher frequency (30.2 ± 1.2 Hz) and with abundant spike bursts. The difference between PD and ET was reproduced between 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated and normal nonhuman primates. The SPN activity was also increased in ID, but to a lower level compared with the hyperactivity observed in PD. These results provide direct evidence that the striatum contributes significantly altered signals to the network in patients with PD.
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40
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Tozzi A, de Iure A, Bagetta V, Tantucci M, Durante V, Quiroga-Varela A, Costa C, Di Filippo M, Ghiglieri V, Latagliata EC, Wegrzynowicz M, Decressac M, Giampà C, Dalley JW, Xia J, Gardoni F, Mellone M, El-Agnaf OM, Ardah MT, Puglisi-Allegra S, Björklund A, Spillantini MG, Picconi B, Calabresi P. Alpha-Synuclein Produces Early Behavioral Alterations via Striatal Cholinergic Synaptic Dysfunction by Interacting With GluN2D N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Subunit. Biol Psychiatry 2016; 79:402-414. [PMID: 26392130 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by massive degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons, dramatic motor and cognitive alterations, and presence of nigral Lewy bodies, whose main constituent is α-synuclein (α-syn). However, the synaptic mechanisms underlying behavioral and motor effects induced by early selective overexpression of nigral α-syn are still a matter of debate. METHODS We performed behavioral, molecular, and immunohistochemical analyses in two transgenic models of PD, mice transgenic for truncated human α-synuclein 1-120 and rats injected with the adeno-associated viral vector carrying wild-type human α-synuclein. We also investigated striatal synaptic plasticity by electrophysiological recordings from spiny projection neurons and cholinergic interneurons. RESULTS We found that overexpression of truncated or wild-type human α-syn causes partial reduction of striatal dopamine levels and selectively blocks the induction of long-term potentiation in striatal cholinergic interneurons, producing early memory and motor alterations. These effects were dependent on α-syn modulation of the GluN2D-expressing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in cholinergic interneurons. Acute in vitro application of human α-syn oligomers mimicked the synaptic effects observed ex vivo in PD models. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that striatal cholinergic dysfunction, induced by a direct interaction between α-syn and GluN2D-expressing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, represents a precocious biological marker of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Tozzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia; Fondazione Santa Lucia, Institutes for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Rome
| | - Antonio de Iure
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Neurological Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia
| | - Vincenza Bagetta
- Fondazione Santa Lucia, Institutes for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Rome
| | - Michela Tantucci
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Neurological Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia
| | - Valentina Durante
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Neurological Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia
| | - Ana Quiroga-Varela
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Neurological Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia
| | - Cinzia Costa
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Neurological Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia
| | - Massimiliano Di Filippo
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Neurological Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia
| | - Veronica Ghiglieri
- Fondazione Santa Lucia, Institutes for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Rome; Department of Philosophy, Human, Social, and Educational Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia
| | - Emanuele Claudio Latagliata
- Fondazione Santa Lucia, Institutes for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Rome; Department of Psychology, "Daniel Bovet" Centre, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Michal Wegrzynowicz
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mickael Decressac
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carmela Giampà
- Fondazione Santa Lucia, Institutes for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Rome
| | - Jeffrey W Dalley
- Department of Psychology and Department of Psychiatry, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jing Xia
- Department of Psychology and Department of Psychiatry, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fabrizio Gardoni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Mellone
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Omar Mukhtar El-Agnaf
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mustafa Taleb Ardah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Stefano Puglisi-Allegra
- Fondazione Santa Lucia, Institutes for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Rome; Department of Psychology, "Daniel Bovet" Centre, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Anders Björklund
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Grazia Spillantini
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Picconi
- Fondazione Santa Lucia, Institutes for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Rome
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Fondazione Santa Lucia, Institutes for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Rome; Department of Medicine, Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Neurological Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia.
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Calabresi P, Ghiglieri V, Mazzocchetti P, Corbelli I, Picconi B. Levodopa-induced plasticity: a double-edged sword in Parkinson's disease? Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2016; 370:rstb.2014.0184. [PMID: 26009763 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2014.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The long-term replacement therapy with the dopamine (DA) precursor 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine (L-DOPA) is a milestone in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Although this drug precursor can be metabolized into the active neurotransmitter DA throughout the brain, its therapeutic benefit is due to restoring extracellular DA levels within the dorsal striatum, which lacks endogenous DA as a consequence of the neurodegenerative process induced by the disease. In the early phases of PD, L-DOPA treatment is able to restore both long-term depression (LTD) and long-term potentiation (LTP), two major forms of corticostriatal synaptic plasticity that are altered by dopaminergic denervation. However, unlike physiological DA transmission, this therapeutic approach in the advanced phase of the disease leads to abnormal peaks of DA, non-synaptically released, which are supposed to trigger behavioural sensitization, namely L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. This condition is characterized by a loss of synaptic depotentiation, an inability to reverse previously induced LTP. In the advanced stages of PD, L-DOPA can also induce non-motor fluctuations with cognitive dysfunction and neuropsychiatric symptoms such as compulsive behaviours and impulse control disorders. Although the mechanisms underlying the role of L-DOPA in both motor and behavioural symptoms are still incompletely understood, recent data from electrophysiological and imaging studies have increased our understanding of the function of the brain areas involved and of the mechanisms implicated in both therapeutic and adverse actions of L-DOPA in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Calabresi
- Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia, S. Andrea delle Fratte, Via Gambuli, Perugia 06156, Italy Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, Rome 00143, Italy
| | - Veronica Ghiglieri
- Dipartimento di Filosofia, Scienze Sociali, Umane e della Formazione, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Piazza Ermini 1, Perugia 06123, Italy Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, Rome 00143, Italy
| | - Petra Mazzocchetti
- Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia, S. Andrea delle Fratte, Via Gambuli, Perugia 06156, Italy Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, Rome 00143, Italy
| | - Ilenia Corbelli
- Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia, S. Andrea delle Fratte, Via Gambuli, Perugia 06156, Italy
| | - Barbara Picconi
- Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, Rome 00143, Italy
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42
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Memantine alters striatal plasticity inducing a shift of synaptic responses toward long-term depression. Neuropharmacology 2016; 101:341-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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43
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Chassain C, Melon C, Salin P, Vitale F, Couraud S, Durif F, Kerkerian-Le Goff L, Gubellini P. Metabolic, synaptic and behavioral impact of 5-week chronic deep brain stimulation in hemiparkinsonian rats. J Neurochem 2015; 136:1004-16. [PMID: 26576509 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The long-term effects and action mechanisms of subthalamic nucleus (STN) high-frequency stimulation (HFS) for Parkinson's disease still remain poorly characterized, mainly due to the lack of experimental models relevant to clinical application. To address this issue, we performed a multilevel study in freely moving hemiparkinsonian rats undergoing 5-week chronic STN HFS, using a portable constant-current microstimulator. In vivo metabolic neuroimaging by (1) H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (11.7 T) showed that STN HFS normalized the tissue levels of the neurotransmission-related metabolites glutamate, glutamine and GABA in both the striatum and substantia nigra reticulata (SNr), which were significantly increased in hemiparkinsonian rats, but further decreased nigral GABA levels below control values; taurine levels, which were not affected in hemiparkinsonian rats, were significantly reduced. Slice electrophysiological recordings revealed that STN HFS was, uniquely among antiparkinsonian treatments, able to restore both forms of corticostriatal synaptic plasticity, i.e. long-term depression and potentiation, which were impaired in hemiparkinsonian rats. Behavior analysis (staircase test) showed a progressive recovery of motor skill during the stimulation period. Altogether, these data show that chronic STN HFS efficiently counteracts metabolic and synaptic defects due to dopaminergic lesion in both the striatum and SNr. Comparison of chronic STN HFS with acute and subchronic treatment further suggests that the long-term benefits of this treatment rely both on the maintenance of acute effects and on delayed actions on the basal ganglia network. We studied the effects of chronic (5 weeks) continuous subthalamic nucleus (STN) high-frequency stimulation (HFS) in hemiparkinsonian rats. The levels of glutamate and GABA in the striatum () and substantia nigra reticulata (SNr) (), measured by in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1) H-MRS), were increased by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion, which also disrupted corticostriatal synaptic plasticity () and impaired forepaw skill () in the staircase test. Five-week STN HFS normalized glutamate and GABA levels and restored both synaptic plasticity and motor function. A partial behavioral recovery was observed at 2-week STN HFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Chassain
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Clermont-Ferrand and Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christophe Melon
- Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM) UMR7288, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Salin
- Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM) UMR7288, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Flora Vitale
- Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM) UMR7288, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Sébastien Couraud
- Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM) UMR7288, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Franck Durif
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Clermont-Ferrand and Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lydia Kerkerian-Le Goff
- Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM) UMR7288, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Paolo Gubellini
- Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM) UMR7288, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Marseille, France
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44
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Trusel M, Cavaccini A, Gritti M, Greco B, Saintot PP, Nazzaro C, Cerovic M, Morella I, Brambilla R, Tonini R. Coordinated Regulation of Synaptic Plasticity at Striatopallidal and Striatonigral Neurons Orchestrates Motor Control. Cell Rep 2015; 13:1353-1365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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45
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Apuschkin M, Stilling S, Rahbek-Clemmensen T, Sørensen G, Fortin G, Herborg Hansen F, Eriksen J, Trudeau LE, Egerod K, Gether U, Rickhag M. A novel dopamine transporter transgenic mouse line for identification and purification of midbrain dopaminergic neurons reveals midbrain heterogeneity. Eur J Neurosci 2015; 42:2438-54. [PMID: 26286107 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Midbrain dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons are a heterogeneous cell group, composed of functionally distinct cell populations projecting to the basal ganglia, prefrontal cortex and limbic system. Despite their functional significance, the midbrain population of DAergic neurons is sparse, constituting only 20 000-30 000 neurons in mice, and development of novel tools to identify these cells is warranted. Here, a bacterial artificial chromosome mouse line [Dat1-enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP)] from the Gene Expression Nervous System Atlas (GENSAT) that expresses eGFP under control of the dopamine transporter (DAT) promoter was characterized. Confocal microscopy analysis of brain sections showed strong eGFP signal reporter in midbrain regions and striatal terminals that co-localized with the DAergic markers DAT and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). Thorough quantification of co-localization of the eGFP reporter signal with DAT and TH in the ventral midbrain showed that a vast majority of eGFP-expressing neurons are DAergic. Importantly, expression profiles also revealed DAergic heterogeneity when comparing substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area. Dat1-eGFP mice showed neither change in synaptosomal DA uptake nor altered levels of DAT and TH in both striatum and midbrain. No behavioural difference between Dat1-eGFP and wild-type was found, suggesting that the strain is not aberrant. Finally, cell populations highly enriched in DAergic neurons can be obtained from postnatal mice by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and the sorted neurons can be cultured in vitro. The current investigation demonstrates that eGFP expression in this mouse line is selective for DAergic neurons, suggesting that the Dat1-eGFP mouse strain constitutes a promising tool for delineating new aspects of DA biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Apuschkin
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Lundbeck Foundation Center for Biomembranes in Nanomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sara Stilling
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Lundbeck Foundation Center for Biomembranes in Nanomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Troels Rahbek-Clemmensen
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Lundbeck Foundation Center for Biomembranes in Nanomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gunnar Sørensen
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Lundbeck Foundation Center for Biomembranes in Nanomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Guillaume Fortin
- Department of Pharmacology and Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Freja Herborg Hansen
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Lundbeck Foundation Center for Biomembranes in Nanomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob Eriksen
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Lundbeck Foundation Center for Biomembranes in Nanomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louis-Eric Trudeau
- Department of Pharmacology and Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kristoffer Egerod
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Gether
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Lundbeck Foundation Center for Biomembranes in Nanomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mattias Rickhag
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Lundbeck Foundation Center for Biomembranes in Nanomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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46
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Ghiglieri V, Napolitano F, Pelosi B, Schepisi C, Migliarini S, Di Maio A, Pendolino V, Mancini M, Sciamanna G, Vitucci D, Maddaloni G, Giampà C, Errico F, Nisticò R, Pasqualetti M, Picconi B, Usiello A. Rhes influences striatal cAMP/PKA-dependent signaling and synaptic plasticity in a gender-sensitive fashion. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10933. [PMID: 26190541 PMCID: PMC4507147 DOI: 10.1038/srep10933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms of gender-specific synaptic plasticity in the striatum, a brain region that controls motor, cognitive and psychiatric functions, remain unclear. Here we report that Rhes, a GTPase enriched in medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of striatum, alters the striatal cAMP/PKA signaling cascade in a gender-specific manner. While Rhes knockout (KO) male mice, compared to wild-type (WT) mice, had a significant basal increase of cAMP/PKA signaling pathway, the Rhes KO females exhibited a much stronger response of this pathway, selectively under the conditions of dopamine/adenosine-related drug challenge. Corticostriatal LTP defects are exclusively found in A2AR/D2R-expressing MSNs of KO females, compared to KO males, an effect that is abolished by PKA inhibitors but not by the removal of circulating estrogens. This suggests that the synaptic alterations found in KO females could be triggered by an aberrant A2AR/cAMP/PKA activity, but not due to estrogen-mediated effect. Consistent with increased cAMP signaling, D1R-mediated motor stimulation, haloperidol-induced catalepsy and caffeine-evoked hyper-activity are robustly enhanced in Rhes KO females compared to mutant males. Thus Rhes, a thyroid hormone-target gene, plays a relevant role in gender-specific synaptic and behavioral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ghiglieri
- Department of Philosophy, Human, Social, and Educational Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Napolitano
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Schepisi
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Sciamanna
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Vitucci
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere DiSMeB, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Errico
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Robert Nisticò
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Pasqualetti
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Rovereto, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Usiello
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.,Department of Environmental Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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47
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Van der Schyf CJ. Rational drug discovery design approaches for treating Parkinson’s disease. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2015; 10:713-41. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2015.1041495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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48
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Dupuis JP, Bioulac BH, Baufreton J. Long-term depression at distinct glutamatergic synapses in the basal ganglia. Rev Neurosci 2015; 25:741-54. [PMID: 25046307 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2014-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Long-term adaptations of synaptic transmission are believed to be the cellular basis of information storage in the brain. In particular, long-term depression of excitatory neurotransmission has been under intense investigation since convergent lines of evidence support a crucial role for this process in learning and memory. Within the basal ganglia, a network of subcortical nuclei forming a key part of the extrapyramidal motor system, plasticity at excitatory synapses is essential to the regulation of motor, cognitive, and reward functions. The striatum, the main gateway of the basal ganglia, receives convergent excitatory inputs from cortical areas and transmits information to the network output structures and is a major site of activity-dependent plasticity. Indeed, long-term depression at cortico-striatal synapses modulates the transfer of information to basal ganglia output structures and affects voluntary movement execution. Cortico-striatal plasticity is thus considered as a cellular substrate for adaptive motor control. Downstream in this network, the subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra nuclei also receive glutamatergic innervation from the cortex and the subthalamic nucleus, respectively. Although these connections have been less investigated, recent studies have started to unravel the molecular mechanisms that contribute to adjustments in the strength of cortico-subthalamic and subthalamo-nigral transmissions, revealing that adaptations at these synapses governing the output of the network could also contribute to motor planning and execution. Here, we review our current understanding of long-term depression mechanisms at basal ganglia glutamatergic synapses and emphasize the common and unique plastic features observed at successive levels of the network in healthy and pathological conditions.
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49
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Wu YW, Kim JI, Tawfik VL, Lalchandani RR, Scherrer G, Ding JB. Input- and cell-type-specific endocannabinoid-dependent LTD in the striatum. Cell Rep 2014; 10:75-87. [PMID: 25543142 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in basal ganglia plasticity at the corticostriatal and thalamostriatal levels are required for motor learning. Endocannabinoid-dependent long-term depression (eCB-LTD) is known to be a dominant form of synaptic plasticity expressed at these glutamatergic inputs; however, whether eCB-LTD can be induced at all inputs on all striatal neurons is still debatable. Using region-specific Cre mouse lines combined with optogenetic techniques, we directly investigated and distinguished between corticostriatal and thalamostriatal projections. We found that eCB-LTD was successfully induced at corticostriatal synapses, independent of postsynaptic striatal spiny projection neuron (SPN) subtype. Conversely, eCB-LTD was only nominally present at thalamostriatal synapses. This dichotomy was attributable to the minimal expression of cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors on thalamostriatal terminals. Furthermore, coactivation of dopamine receptors on SPNs during LTD induction re-established SPN-subtype-dependent eCB-LTD. Altogether, our findings lay the groundwork for understanding corticostriatal and thalamostriatal synaptic plasticity and for striatal eCB-LTD in motor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Jae-Ick Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Vivianne L Tawfik
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Rupa R Lalchandani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Grégory Scherrer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Jun B Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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50
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Huang CC, Liang YC, Lee CC, Hsu KS. Cocaine Withdrawal Impairs mGluR5-Dependent Long-Term Depression in Nucleus Accumbens Shell Neurons of Both Direct and Indirect Pathways. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 52:1223-1233. [PMID: 25319571 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8926-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that animals withdrawn from repeated cocaine exposure exhibited a selective deficit in the ability to elicit metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5)-dependent long-term depression (LTD) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell. To determine whether such impairment occurs in the NAc in a cell-type-specific manner, we used bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) transgenic mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) under the control of gene regulatory elements for the dopamine D1 receptor (Drd1) or dopamine D2 receptor (Drd2) to identify distinct subpopulations of medium spiny neurons (MSNs). We found that bath application of group I mGluR agonist (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) reliably induced LTD in both NAc shell and core MSNs of wild-type, hemizygous Drd1-eGFP, and Drd2-eGFP mice. Confirming our previous results, cocaine withdrawal selectively impaired DHPG-LTD in NAc shell Drd1-expressing direct and Drd2-expressing indirect pathway MSNs. We also found that the expression of DHPG-LTD in NAc MSNs was not affected by the Ca(2+)-permeable α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor antagonist 1-naphthyl acetyl spermine. Furthermore, systemic administration of mGluR5-negative allosteric modulator fenobam before the daily injection of cocaine preserved mGluR5 function and significantly reduced the expression of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization. These results reveal that withdrawal from repeated cocaine exposure may result in the impairment of NAc mGluR5-LTD in a subregion- but not cell-type-specific manner and suggests that pharmacological antagonism of mGluR5 may represent a potential strategy for reducing cocaine-induced addictive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Chun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ching Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Che Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Sen Hsu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
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