1
|
Avarlaid A, Falkenberg K, Lehe K, Mudò G, Belluardo N, Di Liberto V, Frinchi M, Tuvikene J, Timmusk T. An upstream enhancer and MEF2 transcription factors fine-tune the regulation of the Bdnf gene in cortical and hippocampal neurons. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107411. [PMID: 38796067 PMCID: PMC11234010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The myocyte enhancer factor (MEF2) family of transcription factors, originally discovered for its pivotal role in muscle development and function, has emerged as an essential regulator in various aspects of brain development and neuronal plasticity. The MEF2 transcription factors are known to regulate numerous important genes in the nervous system, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a small secreted neurotrophin responsible for promoting the survival, growth, and differentiation of neurons. The expression of the Bdnf gene is spatiotemporally controlled by various transcription factors binding to both its proximal and distal regulatory regions. While previous studies have investigated the connection between MEF2 transcription factors and Bdnf, the endogenous function of MEF2 factors in the transcriptional regulation of Bdnf remains largely unknown. Here, we aimed to deepen the knowledge of MEF2 transcription factors and their role in the regulation of Bdnf comparatively in rat cortical and hippocampal neurons. As a result, we demonstrate that the MEF2 transcription factor-dependent enhancer located at -4.8 kb from the Bdnf gene regulates the endogenous expression of Bdnf in hippocampal neurons. In addition, we confirm neuronal activity-dependent activation of the -4.8 kb enhancer in vivo. Finally, we show that specific MEF2 family transcription factors have unique roles in the regulation of Bdnf, with the specific function varying based on the particular brain region and stimuli. Altogether, we present MEF2 family transcription factors as crucial regulators of Bdnf expression, fine-tuning Bdnf expression through both distal and proximal regulatory regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annela Avarlaid
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Kaisa Falkenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Karin Lehe
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Giuseppa Mudò
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Natale Belluardo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Liberto
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Monica Frinchi
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Jürgen Tuvikene
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia; Protobios LLC, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Tõnis Timmusk
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia; Protobios LLC, Tallinn, Estonia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pratt HE, Andrews G, Shedd N, Phalke N, Li T, Pampari A, Jensen M, Wen C, Consortium P, Gandal MJ, Geschwind DH, Gerstein M, Moore J, Kundaje A, Colubri A, Weng Z. Using a comprehensive atlas and predictive models to reveal the complexity and evolution of brain-active regulatory elements. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj4452. [PMID: 38781344 PMCID: PMC11114231 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj4452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Most genetic variants associated with psychiatric disorders are located in noncoding regions of the genome. To investigate their functional implications, we integrate epigenetic data from the PsychENCODE Consortium and other published sources to construct a comprehensive atlas of candidate brain cis-regulatory elements. Using deep learning, we model these elements' sequence syntax and predict how binding sites for lineage-specific transcription factors contribute to cell type-specific gene regulation in various types of glia and neurons. The elements' evolutionary history suggests that new regulatory information in the brain emerges primarily via smaller sequence mutations within conserved mammalian elements rather than entirely new human- or primate-specific sequences. However, primate-specific candidate elements, particularly those active during fetal brain development and in excitatory neurons and astrocytes, are implicated in the heritability of brain-related human traits. Additionally, we introduce PsychSCREEN, a web-based platform offering interactive visualization of PsychENCODE-generated genetic and epigenetic data from diverse brain cell types in individuals with psychiatric disorders and healthy controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry E. Pratt
- Department of Genomics and Computational Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Gregory Andrews
- Department of Genomics and Computational Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Nicole Shedd
- Department of Genomics and Computational Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Nishigandha Phalke
- Department of Genomics and Computational Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Tongxin Li
- Department of Genomics and Computational Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Khoury College of Computer Science, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anusri Pampari
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Jensen
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Cindy Wen
- Interdepartmental Program in Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Michael J. Gandal
- Interdepartmental Program in Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel H. Geschwind
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Institute of Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mark Gerstein
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jill Moore
- Department of Genomics and Computational Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Anshul Kundaje
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Andrés Colubri
- Department of Genomics and Computational Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Zhiping Weng
- Department of Genomics and Computational Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bach SV, Bauman AJ, Hosein D, Tuscher JJ, Ianov L, Greathouse KM, Henderson BW, Herskowitz JH, Martinowich K, Day JJ. Distinct roles of Bdnf I and Bdnf IV transcript variant expression in hippocampal neurons. Hippocampus 2024; 34:218-229. [PMID: 38362938 PMCID: PMC11039386 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) plays a critical role in brain development, dendritic growth, synaptic plasticity, as well as learning and memory. The rodent Bdnf gene contains nine 5' non-coding exons (I-IXa), which are spliced to a common 3' coding exon (IX). Transcription of individual Bdnf variants, which all encode the same BDNF protein, is initiated at unique promoters upstream of each non-coding exon, enabling precise spatiotemporal and activity-dependent regulation of Bdnf expression. Although prior evidence suggests that Bdnf transcripts containing exon I (Bdnf I) or exon IV (Bdnf IV) are uniquely regulated by neuronal activity, the functional significance of different Bdnf transcript variants remains unclear. To investigate functional roles of activity-dependent Bdnf I and IV transcripts, we used a CRISPR activation system in which catalytically dead Cas9 fused to a transcriptional activator (VPR) is targeted to individual Bdnf promoters with single guide RNAs, resulting in transcript-specific Bdnf upregulation. Bdnf I upregulation is associated with gene expression changes linked to dendritic growth, while Bdnf IV upregulation is associated with genes that regulate protein catabolism. Upregulation of Bdnf I, but not Bdnf IV, increased mushroom spine density, volume, length, and head diameter, and also produced more complex dendritic arbors in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. In contrast, upregulation of Bdnf IV, but not Bdnf I, in the rat hippocampus attenuated contextual fear expression. Our data suggest that while Bdnf I and IV are both activity-dependent, BDNF produced from these promoters may serve unique cellular, synaptic, and behavioral functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana V. Bach
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Allison J. Bauman
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Darya Hosein
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jennifer J. Tuscher
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Lara Ianov
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kelsey M. Greathouse
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Benjamin W. Henderson
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jeremy H. Herskowitz
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Keri Martinowich
- The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jeremy J. Day
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Avarlaid A, Esvald E, Koppel I, Parkman A, Zhuravskaya A, Makeyev EV, Tuvikene J, Timmusk T. An 840 kb distant upstream enhancer is a crucial regulator of catecholamine-dependent expression of the Bdnf gene in astrocytes. Glia 2024; 72:90-110. [PMID: 37632136 PMCID: PMC10952894 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a fundamental role in the developing and adult nervous system, contributing to neuronal survival, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity. Dysregulation of BDNF synthesis, secretion or signaling has been associated with many neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders. Although the transcriptional regulation of the Bdnf gene has been extensively studied in neurons, less is known about the regulation and function of BDNF in non-neuronal cells. The most abundant type of non-neuronal cells in the brain, astrocytes, express BDNF in response to catecholamines. However, genetic elements responsible for this regulation have not been identified. Here, we investigated four potential Bdnf enhancer regions and based on reporter gene assays, CRISPR/Cas9 engineering and CAPTURE-3C-sequencing we conclude that a region 840 kb upstream of the Bdnf gene regulates catecholamine-dependent expression of Bdnf in rodent astrocytes. We also provide evidence that this regulation is mediated by CREB and AP1 family transcription factors. This is the first report of an enhancer coordinating the transcription of Bdnf gene in non-neuronal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annela Avarlaid
- Department of Chemistry and BiotechnologyTallinn University of TechnologyTallinnEstonia
| | - Eli‐Eelika Esvald
- Department of Chemistry and BiotechnologyTallinn University of TechnologyTallinnEstonia
- Protobios LLCTallinnEstonia
| | - Indrek Koppel
- Department of Chemistry and BiotechnologyTallinn University of TechnologyTallinnEstonia
| | - Annabel Parkman
- Department of Chemistry and BiotechnologyTallinn University of TechnologyTallinnEstonia
| | - Anna Zhuravskaya
- Centre for Developmental NeurobiologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Jürgen Tuvikene
- Department of Chemistry and BiotechnologyTallinn University of TechnologyTallinnEstonia
- Protobios LLCTallinnEstonia
| | - Tõnis Timmusk
- Department of Chemistry and BiotechnologyTallinn University of TechnologyTallinnEstonia
- Protobios LLCTallinnEstonia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim J, He MJ, Widmann AK, Lee FS. The role of neurotrophic factors in novel, rapid psychiatric treatments. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:227-245. [PMID: 37673965 PMCID: PMC10700398 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01717-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophic factors are a family of growth factors that modulate cellular growth, survival, and differentiation. For many decades, it has been generally believed that a lack of neurotrophic support led to the decreased neuronal synaptic plasticity, death, and loss of non-neuronal supportive cells seen in neuropsychiatric disorders. Traditional psychiatric medications that lead to immediate increases in neurotransmitter levels at the synapse have been shown also to elevate synaptic neurotrophic levels over weeks, correlating with the time course of the therapeutic effects of these drugs. Recent advances in psychiatric treatments, such as ketamine and psychedelics, have shown a much faster onset of therapeutic effects (within minutes to hours). They have also been shown to lead to a rapid release of neurotrophins into the synapse. This has spurred a significant shift in understanding the role of neurotrophins and how the receptor tyrosine kinases that bind neurotrophins may work in concert with other signaling systems. In this review, this renewed understanding of synaptic receptor signaling interactions and the clinical implications of this mechanistic insight will be discussed within the larger context of the well-established roles of neurotrophic factors in psychiatric disorders and treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Michelle J He
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Alina K Widmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Francis S Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
He L, Mo X, He L, Ma Q, Cai L, Zheng Y, Huang L, Lin X, Wu M, Ding W, Zhou C, Zhang JC, Hashimoto K, Yao W, Chen JX. The role of BDNF transcription in the antidepressant-like effects of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid in a chronic social defeat stress model. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 132:155332. [PMID: 38851983 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xiaoyaosan (XYS), a traditional Chinese medicine formulation, has been used in the treatment of depression. However, no studies have yet identified the active compounds responsible for its antidepressant effects in the brain. STUDY DESIGN We investigated the antidepressants effects of XYS and identified 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18β-GA) as the primary compound present in the brain following XYS injection. Furthermore, we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the antidepressant-like effects of both XYS and 18β-GA. METHODS To investigate the antidepressant-like effects of XYS and elucidate the associated molecular mechanisms, we employed various methodologies, including cell cultures, the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model, behavioral tests, immunoprecipitation, quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays, Western blotting assays, luciferase assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays, immunofluorescence staining, and dendritic spine analysis. RESULTS We identified 18β-GA as the primary compound in the brain following XYS injection. In vitro, 18β-GA was found to bind with ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase), subsequently activating ERK kinase activity toward both c-Jun and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). Moreover, 18β-GA activated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) transcription by stimulating nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), c-Jun, and CREB, while also inhibiting methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) both in vitro and in vivo. Chronic intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of 18β-GA exhibited prophylactic antidepressant-like effects in a CSDS model, primarily by activating BDNF transcription in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Interestingly, a single i.p. injection of 18β-GA produced rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects in CSDS-susceptible mice by engaging the BDNF-tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) signaling pathway in the mPFC. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the activation of BDNF transcription in the mPFC underlies the antidepressant-like effects of 18β-GA, a key component of XYS in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lujuan He
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Mo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Liangliang He
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Qingyu Ma
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Lili Cai
- Department of Mental Rehabilitation, Mental Hospital of Guangzhou Civil Affairs Bureau, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Lixuan Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Xuanyu Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Mansi Wu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Wanzhao Ding
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Chan Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Ji-Chun Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Wei Yao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| | - Jia-Xu Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bach SV, Bauman AJ, Hosein D, Tuscher JJ, Ianov L, Greathouse KM, Henderson BW, Herskowitz JH, Martinowich K, Day JJ. Distinct roles of Bdnf I and Bdnf IV transcript variant expression in hippocampal neurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.05.535694. [PMID: 37066216 PMCID: PMC10104043 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.05.535694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) plays a critical role in brain development, dendritic growth, synaptic plasticity, as well as learning and memory. The rodent Bdnf gene contains nine 5' non-coding exons (I-IXa), which are spliced to a common 3' coding exon (IX). Transcription of individual Bdnf variants, which all encode the same BDNF protein, is initiated at unique promoters upstream of each non-coding exon, enabling precise spatiotemporal and activity-dependent regulation of Bdnf expression. Although prior evidence suggests that Bdnf transcripts containing exon I (Bdnf I) or exon IV (Bdnf IV) are uniquely regulated by neuronal activity, the functional significance of different Bdnf transcript variants remains unclear. To investigate functional roles of activity-dependent Bdnf I and IV transcripts, we used a CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) system in which catalytically-dead Cas9 (dCas9) fused to a transcriptional activator (VPR) is targeted to individual Bdnf promoters with single guide RNAs (sgRNAs), resulting in transcript-specific Bdnf upregulation. Bdnf I upregulation is associated with gene expression changes linked to dendritic growth, while Bdnf IV upregulation is associated with genes that regulate protein catabolism. Upregulation of Bdnf I, but not Bdnf IV, increased mushroom spine density, volume, length, and head diameter, and also produced more complex dendritic arbors in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. In contrast, upregulation of Bdnf IV, but not Bdnf I, in the rat hippocampus attenuated contextual fear expression. Our data suggest that while Bdnf I and IV are both activity-dependent, BDNF produced from these promoters may serve unique cellular, synaptic, and behavioral functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana V. Bach
- The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Allison J. Bauman
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Darya Hosein
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jennifer J. Tuscher
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Lara Ianov
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kelsey M. Greathouse
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Benjamin W. Henderson
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jeremy H. Herskowitz
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Keri Martinowich
- The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jeremy J. Day
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ballesio A, Zagaria A, Curti DG, Moran R, Goadsby PJ, Rosenzweig I, Lombardo C. Peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in insomnia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 67:101738. [PMID: 36577338 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is associated with emotional and cognitive functioning, and it is considered a transdiagnostic biomarker for mental disorders. Literature on insomnia related BDNF changes yielded contrasting results and it has never been synthetized using meta-analysis. To fill this gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies examining the levels of peripheric BDNF in individuals with insomnia and healthy controls using the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Medline, PsycINFO and CINAHL were searched up to Nov 2022. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Eight studies reported sufficient data for meta-analysis. Random-effects models showed lower BDNF in subjects with insomnia (n = 446) than in controls (n = 706) (Hedge's g = -0.86, 95% CI: -1.39 to -0.32, p = .002). Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis confirmed that the pooled effect size was robust and not driven by any single study. However, given the small sample size, the cross-sectional nature of the measurement, and the high heterogeneity of included data, the results should be cautiously interpreted. Progress in the study of BDNF in insomnia is clinically relevant to better understand the mechanisms that may explain the relationship between disturbed sleep and mental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ballesio
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Zagaria
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rosalyn Moran
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, UK
| | - Peter J Goadsby
- NIHR-Wellcome Trust King's Clinical Research Facility, King's College London UK
| | - Ivana Rosenzweig
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK; Sleep Disorders Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Matsubayashi J, Kawaguchi Y, Kawakami Y, Takei K. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) induces antagonistic action to Nogo signaling by the upregulation of lateral olfactory tract usher substance (LOTUS) expression. J Neurochem 2023; 164:29-43. [PMID: 36448220 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) have limited capacity for axonal regeneration after trauma and neurological disorders due to an endogenous nonpermissive environment for axon regrowth in the CNS. Lateral olfactory tract usher substance (LOTUS) contributes to axonal tract formation in the developing brain and axonal regeneration in the adult brain as an endogenous Nogo receptor-1 (NgR1) antagonist. However, how LOTUS expression is regulated remains unclarified. This study examined molecular mechanism of regulation in LOTUS expression and found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) increased LOTUS expression in cultured hippocampal neurons. Exogenous application of BDNF increased LOTUS expression at both mRNA and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. We also found that pharmacological inhibition with K252a and gene knockdown by siRNA of tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), BDNF receptor suppressed BDNF-induced increase in LOTUS expression. Further pharmacological analysis of the TrkB signaling pathway revealed that BDNF increased LOTUS expression through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) cascades, but not phospholipase C-γ (PLCγ) cascade. Additionally, treatment with c-AMP response element binding protein (CREB) inhibitor partially suppressed BDNF-induced LOTUS expression. Finally, neurite outgrowth assay in cultured hippocampal neurons revealed that BDNF treatment-induced antagonism for NgR1 by up-regulating LOTUS expression. These findings suggest that BDNF may acts as a positive regulator of LOTUS expression through the TrkB signaling, thereby inducing an antagonistic action for NgR1 function by up-regulating LOTUS expression. Also, BDNF may synergistically affect axon regrowth through the upregulation of LOTUS expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junpei Matsubayashi
- Molecular Medical Bioscience Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawaguchi
- Molecular Medical Bioscience Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawakami
- Molecular Medical Bioscience Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Anesthesiology, National Center for Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Kohtaro Takei
- Molecular Medical Bioscience Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Differential Regulation of the BDNF Gene in Cortical and Hippocampal Neurons. J Neurosci 2022; 42:9110-9128. [PMID: 36316156 PMCID: PMC9761680 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2535-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a widely expressed neurotrophin that supports the survival, differentiation, and signaling of various neuronal populations. Although it has been well described that expression of BDNF is strongly regulated by neuronal activity, little is known whether regulation of BDNF expression is similar in different brain regions. Here, we focused on this fundamental question using neuronal populations obtained from rat cerebral cortices and hippocampi of both sexes. First, we thoroughly characterized the role of the best-described regulators of BDNF gene - cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) family transcription factors, and show that activity-dependent BDNF expression depends more on CREB and the coactivators CREB binding protein (CBP) and CREB-regulated transcriptional coactivator 1 (CRTC1) in cortical than in hippocampal neurons. Our data also reveal an important role of CREB in the early induction of BDNF mRNA expression after neuronal activity and only modest contribution after prolonged neuronal activity. We further corroborated our findings at BDNF protein level. To determine the transcription factors regulating BDNF expression in these rat brain regions in addition to CREB family, we used in vitro DNA pulldown assay coupled with mass spectrometry, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and bioinformatics, and propose a number of neurodevelopmentally important transcription factors, such as FOXP1, SATB2, RAI1, BCL11A, and TCF4 as brain region-specific regulators of BDNF expression. Together, our data reveal complicated brain region-specific fine-tuning of BDNF expression.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT To date, majority of the research has focused on the regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain but much less is known whether the regulation of BDNF expression is universal in different brain regions and neuronal populations. Here, we report that the best described regulators of BDNF gene from the cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) transcription factor family have a more profound role in the activity-dependent regulation of BDNF in cortex than in hippocampus. Our results indicate a brain region-specific fine tuning of BDNF expression. Moreover, we have used unbiased determination of novel regulators of the BDNF gene and report a number of neurodevelopmentally important transcription factors as novel potential regulators of the BDNF expression.
Collapse
|
11
|
Effects of Subchronic Aluminum Exposure on Learning, Memory, and Neurotrophic Factors in Rats. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:2046-2060. [PMID: 36342585 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00599-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is a neurotoxin that gradually accumulates in the brain in human life, resulting in oxidative brain injury related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other diseases. In this study, the learning and memory of rats exposed to different aluminum concentrations (0.0 g/L, 2.0 g/L, 4.0 g/L, and 8.0 g/L) were studied, and the learning and memory of rats were observed by shuttle box experiment. With hematoxylin and eosin staining, Western blot, immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR, the morphology of nerve cells in the hippocampus of rat brain were observed, and the levels of activator protein-1 (AP-1) gene and protein, nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-3 (NT3), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene and protein level, etc. The experimental results showed that subchronic aluminum exposure damaged learning and memory in rats. The cognitive function damage in rats was more evident after increasing the aluminum intake dose. The more aluminum intake, the more pronounced the histological changes in the hippocampus will be. The expression level and protein content of neurotrophic factors in the hippocampus of rats showed a negative correlation with aluminum intake. In this experiment, we explored the mechanism of aluminum exposure in learning and memory disorders, and provided some data reference for further elucidation of the damage mechanism of aluminum on the nervous system and subsequent preventive measures.
Collapse
|
12
|
Manuel M, Tan KB, Kozic Z, Molinek M, Marcos TS, Razak MFA, Dobolyi D, Dobie R, Henderson BEP, Henderson NC, Chan WK, Daw MI, Mason JO, Price DJ. Pax6 limits the competence of developing cerebral cortical cells to respond to inductive intercellular signals. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001563. [PMID: 36067211 PMCID: PMC9481180 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of stable specialized cell types in multicellular organisms relies on mechanisms controlling inductive intercellular signals and the competence of cells to respond to such signals. In developing cerebral cortex, progenitors generate only glutamatergic excitatory neurons despite being exposed to signals with the potential to initiate the production of other neuronal types, suggesting that their competence is limited. Here, we tested the hypothesis that this limitation is due to their expression of transcription factor Pax6. We used bulk and single-cell RNAseq to show that conditional cortex-specific Pax6 deletion from the onset of cortical neurogenesis allowed some progenitors to generate abnormal lineages resembling those normally found outside the cortex. Analysis of selected gene expression showed that the changes occurred in specific spatiotemporal patterns. We then compared the responses of control and Pax6-deleted cortical cells to in vivo and in vitro manipulations of extracellular signals. We found that Pax6 loss increased cortical progenitors’ competence to generate inappropriate lineages in response to extracellular factors normally present in developing cortex, including the morphogens Shh and Bmp4. Regional variation in the levels of these factors could explain spatiotemporal patterns of fate change following Pax6 deletion in vivo. We propose that Pax6’s main role in developing cortical cells is to minimize the risk of their development being derailed by the potential side effects of morphogens engaged contemporaneously in other essential functions. The development of stable specialized cell types in multicellular organisms relies on mechanisms controlling inductive intercellular signals and the competence of cells to respond. This study shows that cortical development is stabilized by the protective actions of the transcription factor Pax6, which adjusts the ability of cortical cells to respond to potentially destabilizing signals present in their local environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martine Manuel
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kai Boon Tan
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Zrinko Kozic
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Molinek
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Tiago Sena Marcos
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Maizatul Fazilah Abd Razak
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Dániel Dobolyi
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Dobie
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Beth E. P. Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Neil C. Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Wai Kit Chan
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Michael I. Daw
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - John O. Mason
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Price
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Costa RO, Martins LF, Tahiri E, Duarte CB. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-induced regulation of RNA metabolism in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2022; 13:e1713. [PMID: 35075821 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays multiple roles in the nervous system, including in neuronal development, in long-term synaptic potentiation in different brain regions, and in neuronal survival. Alterations in these regulatory mechanisms account for several diseases of the nervous system. The synaptic effects of BDNF mediated by activation of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptors are partly mediated by stimulation of local protein synthesis which is now considered a ubiquitous feature in both presynaptic and postsynaptic compartments of the neuron. The capacity to locally synthesize proteins is of great relevance at several neuronal developmental stages, including during neurite development, synapse formation, and stabilization. The available evidence shows that the effects of BDNF-TrkB signaling on local protein synthesis regulate the structure and function of the developing and mature synapses. While a large number of studies have illustrated a wide range of effects of BDNF on the postsynaptic proteome, a growing number of studies also point to presynaptic effects of the neurotrophin in the local regulation of the protein composition at the presynaptic level. Here, we will review the latest evidence on the role of BDNF in local protein synthesis, comparing the effects on the presynaptic and postsynaptic compartments. Additionally, we overview the relevance of BDNF-associated local protein synthesis in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity, at the presynaptic and postsynaptic compartments, and their relevance in terms of disease. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications RNA Export and Localization > RNA Localization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui O Costa
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís F Martins
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuel Tahiri
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos B Duarte
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ibarra IL, Ratnu VS, Gordillo L, Hwang IY, Mariani L, Weinand K, Hammarén HM, Heck J, Bulyk ML, Savitski MM, Zaugg JB, Noh KM. Comparative chromatin accessibility upon BDNF stimulation delineates neuronal regulatory elements. Mol Syst Biol 2022; 18:e10473. [PMID: 35996956 PMCID: PMC9396287 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202110473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal stimulation induced by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) triggers gene expression, which is crucial for neuronal survival, differentiation, synaptic plasticity, memory formation, and neurocognitive health. However, its role in chromatin regulation is unclear. Here, using temporal profiling of chromatin accessibility and transcription in mouse primary cortical neurons upon either BDNF stimulation or depolarization (KCl), we identify features that define BDNF-specific chromatin-to-gene expression programs. Enhancer activation is an early event in the regulatory control of BDNF-treated neurons, where the bZIP motif-binding Fos protein pioneered chromatin opening and cooperated with co-regulatory transcription factors (Homeobox, EGRs, and CTCF) to induce transcription. Deleting cis-regulatory sequences affect BDNF-mediated Arc expression, a regulator of synaptic plasticity. BDNF-induced accessible regions are linked to preferential exon usage by neurodevelopmental disorder-related genes and the heritability of neuronal complex traits, which were validated in human iPSC-derived neurons. Thus, we provide a comprehensive view of BDNF-mediated genome regulatory features using comparative genomic approaches to dissect mammalian neuronal stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio L Ibarra
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Collaboration for Joint PhD Degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Vikram S Ratnu
- Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucia Gordillo
- Faculty of Biosciences, Collaboration for Joint PhD Degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - In-Young Hwang
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Luca Mariani
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn Weinand
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Henrik M Hammarén
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Heck
- Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martha L Bulyk
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mikhail M Savitski
- Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Judith B Zaugg
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kyung-Min Noh
- Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hossain MS, Mawatari S, Fujino T. Plasmalogens, the Vinyl Ether-Linked Glycerophospholipids, Enhance Learning and Memory by Regulating Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:828282. [PMID: 35223852 PMCID: PMC8864319 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.828282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmalogens (Pls), a kind of glycerophospholipids, have shown potent biological effects but their role in hippocampus-dependent memory remained mostly elusive. Here, we first report Pls can enhance endogenous expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) in the hippocampus and promotes neurogenesis associated with improvement of learning and memory in mice. Genomic and proteomic studies revealed that Pls enhanced recruitment of CREB transcription factor onto the murine Bdnf promoter region via upregulating ERK-Akt signaling pathways in neuronal cells. Reduction of endogenous Pls in murine hippocampus significantly reduced learning and memory associated with the reduction of memory-related protein expression, suggesting that Pls can regulate memory-related gene expression in the hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiro Mawatari
- Institute of Rheological Functions of Food, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang X, Yang Y, Xiao A, Zhang N, Miao M, Wang Z, Han J, Wen M. A comparative study of the effect of a gentle ketogenic diet containing medium-chain or long-chain triglycerides on chronic sleep deprivation-induced cognitive deficiency. Food Funct 2022; 13:2283-2294. [PMID: 35141738 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04087a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The ketogenic diet (KD) is well known for its neuroprotective effect, but little is known about its prophylactic efficacy against chronic sleep deprivation (SD) induced cognitive deficiency. An emerging study indicated that ferroptosis plays an important role in neurologic diseases but has been rarely reported in chronic SD. Here, we investigated the prophylactic effects of a medium-chain triglyceride-enriched KD (MKD) and a long-chain triglyceride-enriched KD (LKD) on cognitive deficiency and revealed the underlying mechanism focused on ferroptosis in chronic SD model mice. The results showed that the MKD exhibited stronger effects than the LKD on improving cognitive deficiency via suppressing ferroptosis and improving synaptic plasticity. Further mechanism results indicated that MKD produced higher Sirt3 protein levels than LKD, which probably contributed to the synergistic effect of beta hydroxybutyric acid and decanoic acid. Our finds provide novel evidence for the KD as a safe and feasible dietary intervention to prevent chronic SD-induced cognitive deficiency, and suggest a better choice of medium-chain fatty acid-enriched KD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Wang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
| | - Yueqi Yang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
| | - Aiai Xiao
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
| | - Ning Zhang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
| | - Mingyong Miao
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The College of Basic Medical Sciences, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhengping Wang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China. .,Liaocheng High-Tech Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Jun Han
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China. .,Liaocheng High-Tech Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Min Wen
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Knipper M, Singer W, Schwabe K, Hagberg GE, Li Hegner Y, Rüttiger L, Braun C, Land R. Disturbed Balance of Inhibitory Signaling Links Hearing Loss and Cognition. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 15:785603. [PMID: 35069123 PMCID: PMC8770933 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.785603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal hyperexcitability in the central auditory pathway linked to reduced inhibitory activity is associated with numerous forms of hearing loss, including noise damage, age-dependent hearing loss, and deafness, as well as tinnitus or auditory processing deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In most cases, the reduced central inhibitory activity and the accompanying hyperexcitability are interpreted as an active compensatory response to the absence of synaptic activity, linked to increased central neural gain control (increased output activity relative to reduced input). We here suggest that hyperexcitability also could be related to an immaturity or impairment of tonic inhibitory strength that typically develops in an activity-dependent process in the ascending auditory pathway with auditory experience. In these cases, high-SR auditory nerve fibers, which are critical for the shortest latencies and lowest sound thresholds, may have either not matured (possibly in congenital deafness or autism) or are dysfunctional (possibly after sudden, stressful auditory trauma or age-dependent hearing loss linked with cognitive decline). Fast auditory processing deficits can occur despite maintained basal hearing. In that case, tonic inhibitory strength is reduced in ascending auditory nuclei, and fast inhibitory parvalbumin positive interneuron (PV-IN) dendrites are diminished in auditory and frontal brain regions. This leads to deficits in central neural gain control linked to hippocampal LTP/LTD deficiencies, cognitive deficits, and unbalanced extra-hypothalamic stress control. Under these conditions, a diminished inhibitory strength may weaken local neuronal coupling to homeostatic vascular responses required for the metabolic support of auditory adjustment processes. We emphasize the need to distinguish these two states of excitatory/inhibitory imbalance in hearing disorders: (i) Under conditions of preserved fast auditory processing and sustained tonic inhibitory strength, an excitatory/inhibitory imbalance following auditory deprivation can maintain precise hearing through a memory linked, transient disinhibition that leads to enhanced spiking fidelity (central neural gain⇑) (ii) Under conditions of critically diminished fast auditory processing and reduced tonic inhibitory strength, hyperexcitability can be part of an increased synchronization over a broader frequency range, linked to reduced spiking reliability (central neural gain⇓). This latter stage mutually reinforces diminished metabolic support for auditory adjustment processes, increasing the risks for canonical dementia syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Knipper
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Center (THRC), Molecular Physiology of Hearing, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Marlies Knipper,
| | - Wibke Singer
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Center (THRC), Molecular Physiology of Hearing, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schwabe
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Gisela E. Hagberg
- Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University Hospital Tübingen (UKT), Tübingen, Germany
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yiwen Li Hegner
- MEG Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center of Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Rüttiger
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Center (THRC), Molecular Physiology of Hearing, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Braun
- MEG Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center of Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Land
- Department of Experimental Otology, Institute for Audioneurotechnology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Thapliyal S, Arendt KL, Lau AG, Chen L. Retinoic acid-gated BDNF synthesis in neuronal dendrites drives presynaptic homeostatic plasticity. eLife 2022; 11:79863. [PMID: 36515276 PMCID: PMC9797192 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostatic synaptic plasticity is a non-Hebbian synaptic mechanism that adjusts synaptic strength to maintain network stability while achieving optimal information processing. Among the molecular mediators shown to regulate this form of plasticity, synaptic signaling through retinoic acid (RA) and its receptor, RARα, has been shown to be critically involved in the homeostatic adjustment of synaptic transmission in both hippocampus and sensory cortices. In this study, we explore the molecular mechanism through which postsynaptic RA and RARα regulates presynaptic neurotransmitter release during prolonged synaptic inactivity at mouse glutamatertic synapses. We show that RARα binds to a subset of dendritically sorted brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) mRNA splice isoforms and represses their translation. The RA-mediated translational de-repression of postsynaptic BDNF results in the retrograde activation of presynaptic tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptors, facilitating presynaptic homeostatic compensation through enhanced presynaptic release. Together, our study illustrates an RA-mediated retrograde synaptic signaling pathway through which postsynaptic protein synthesis during synaptic inactivity drives compensatory changes at the presynaptic site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Thapliyal
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Kristin L Arendt
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Anthony G Lau
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Lu Chen
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li C, Meng F, Lei Y, Liu J, Liu J, Zhang J, Liu F, Liu C, Guo M, Lu XY. Leptin regulates exon-specific transcription of the Bdnf gene via epigenetic modifications mediated by an AKT/p300 HAT cascade. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:3701-3722. [PMID: 33106599 PMCID: PMC8550971 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-00922-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone with pleiotropic functions affecting appetite and mood. While leptin's role in the regulation of appetite has been extensively studied in hypothalamic neurons, its function in the hippocampus, where it regulates mood-related behaviors, is poorly understood. Here, we show that the leptin receptor (LepRb) colocalizes with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a key player in the pathophysiology of major depression and the action of antidepressants, in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Leptin treatment increases, whereas deficiency of leptin or leptin receptors decreases, total Bdnf mRNA levels, with distinct expression profiles of specific exons, in the hippocampus. Epigenetic analyses reveal that histone modifications, but not DNA methylation, underlie exon-specific transcription of the Bdnf gene induced by leptin. This is mediated by stimulation of AKT signaling, which in turn activates histone acetyltransferase p300 (p300 HAT), leading to changes in histone H3 acetylation and methylation at specific Bdnf promoters. Furthermore, deletion of Bdnf in the dentate gyrus, or specifically in LepRb-expressing neurons, abolishes the antidepressant-like effects of leptin. These findings indicate that leptin, acting via an AKT-p300 HAT epigenetic cascade, induces exon-specific Bdnf expression, which in turn is indispensable for leptin-induced antidepressant-like effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, China.
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Fantao Meng
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Yun Lei
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Jingyan Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Cuilan Liu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xin-Yun Lu
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mizobuchi H, Yamamoto K, Yamashita M, Inagawa H, Kohchi C, Soma GI. Prevention of streptozotocin‑induced Neuro‑2a cell death by C8‑B4 microglia transformed with repetitive low‑dose lipopolysaccharide. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:687. [PMID: 34328201 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes‑associated neuronal dysfunction (DAND) is one of the serious complications of diabetes, but there is currently no remedy for it. Streptozotocin [2‑deoxy‑2‑(3‑methy1‑3‑nitrosoureido) D‑glucopyranose; STZ] is one of the most well‑established diabetes inducers and has been used in vivo and in vitro DAND models. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate that C8‑B4 microglia transformed by the stimulus of repetitive low‑dose lipopolysaccharide (LPSx3‑microglia) prevent STZ‑induced Neuro‑2a neuronal cell death in vitro. The ELISA results showed that neurotrophin‑4/5 (NT‑4/5) secretion was promoted in LPSx3‑microglia and the cell viability assay with trypan blue staining revealed that the culture supernatant of LPSx3‑microglia prevented STZ‑induced neuronal cell death. In addition, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR showed that neurons treated with the culture supernatant of LPSx3‑microglia promoted the gene expression of B‑cell lymphoma‑extra large and glucose‑dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor. Furthermore, the inhibition of tyrosine kinase receptor B, a receptor of NT‑4/5, suppressed the neuroprotective effect of LPSx3‑microglia. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that LPSx3‑microglia prevent STZ‑induced neuronal death and that NT‑4/5 may be involved in the neuroprotective mechanism of LPSx3‑microglia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Mizobuchi
- Control of Innate Immunity, Collaborative Innovation Partnership, Takamatsu‑shi, Kagawa 761‑0301, Japan
| | - Kazushi Yamamoto
- Control of Innate Immunity, Collaborative Innovation Partnership, Takamatsu‑shi, Kagawa 761‑0301, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamashita
- Control of Innate Immunity, Collaborative Innovation Partnership, Takamatsu‑shi, Kagawa 761‑0301, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Inagawa
- Control of Innate Immunity, Collaborative Innovation Partnership, Takamatsu‑shi, Kagawa 761‑0301, Japan
| | - Chie Kohchi
- Control of Innate Immunity, Collaborative Innovation Partnership, Takamatsu‑shi, Kagawa 761‑0301, Japan
| | - Gen-Ichiro Soma
- Control of Innate Immunity, Collaborative Innovation Partnership, Takamatsu‑shi, Kagawa 761‑0301, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Shavakandi SM, Ranjbaran M, Nabavizadeh F, Vali R, Sehati F, Ashabi G. Dimethyl fumarate protects the aged brain following chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-related ischemia in rats in Nrf2-dependent manner. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:2100-2110. [PMID: 34148507 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1940429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
It has been stated that chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) markedly prompts neuronal damage and affects cognition. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activator, represents a class of molecules exhibiting neuroprotection. We explored the effect of DMF on CCH using a model of permanent left common carotid occlusion. The left common carotid artery was occluded and then DMF (100mg.kg-1) was orally administrated three times per week for four consecutive weeks. Behavioral rests, PET imaging and Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, were examined and also, the hippocampal level of inflammatory, Nrf2 antioxidant, neuronal plasticity and apoptotic factors were determined using Western blot analysis and related ELISA kits. The neurological deficit scores were significantly reduced in the treatment group compared with the CCH group (P<0.001). DMF decreased the novel object recognition index (NOR) compared with the CCH group, while CCH + DMF increased the NOR compared with the CCH group (P<0.001). CCH + DMF reduces the ratio of Bax/Bcl2 and capase-3 activity in comparison to the CCH group (P<0.001). Treatment with DMF increased Nrf2, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase-1 and Heme oxygenase-1 and decreased Tumor necrosis factor α and Nuclear factor-κB density compared with the CCH group (P<0.001). A significant increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and c-fos was found in DMF-treated rats compared with the CCH group (P<0.001). Also, retinoic acid inhibits Nrf2 activation via DMF and increases inflammatory factors in hypoperfused rats' hippocampus compared with the CCH group (P<0.001). Long-term DMF treatment induces the Nrf2 pathway and has beneficial effects on memory and motility in CCH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mina Ranjbaran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nabavizadeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Vali
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Sehati
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghorbangol Ashabi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liaw J, Hsieh WH, Chiou SH, Huang YS, Chang SF. Assessment of the Oral Delivery of a Myelin Basic Protein Gene Promoter with Antiapoptotic bcl-x L (pMBP-bcl-x L) DNA by Cyclic Peptide Nanotubes with Two Aspect Ratios and Its Biodistribution in the Brain and Spinal Cord. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:2556-2573. [PMID: 34110176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyclo-(D-Trp-Tyr) peptide nanotubes (PNTs) were reported to be potential carriers for oral gene delivery in our previous study; however, the effect of the aspect ratio (AR) of these PNTs on gene delivery in vivo could affect penetration or interception in biological environments. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of cyclo-(D-Trp-Tyr) PNTs with two ARs as carriers for oral pMBP-bcl-xL-hRluc delivery to the spinal cord to treat spinal cord injury (SCI). We evaluated the biodistribution of oligodendrocyte (OLG)-specific myelin basic protein gene promoter-driven antiapoptotic DNA (pMBP-bcl-xL) to the brain and spinal cord delivered with cyclo-(D-Trp-Tyr) PNTs with large (L) and small (S) PNTs with two ARs. After complex formation, the length, width, and AR of the L-PNTs/DNA were 77.86 ± 3.30, 6.51 ± 0.28, and 13.75 ± 7.29 μm, respectively, and the length and width of the S-PNTs/DNA were 1.17 ± 0.52 and 0.17 ± 0.05 μm, respectively, giving an AR of 7.12 ± 3.17 as detected by scanning electron microscopy. Each of these three parameters exhibited significant differences (p < 0.05) between L-PNTs/DNA and S-PNTs/DNA. However, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between the L-PNTs and S-PNTs for either their DNA encapsulation efficiency (29.72 ± 14.19 and 34.31 ± 16.78%, respectively) or loading efficiency (5.15 ± 2.58 and 5.95 ± 2.91%). The results of the in vitro analysis showed that the S-PNT/DNA complexes had a significantly higher DNA release rate and DNA permeation in the duodenum than the L-PNT/DNA complexes. Using Cy5 and TM-rhodamine to individually and chemically conjugate the PNTs with plasmid DNA, we observed, using laser confocal microscopy, that the PNTs and DNA colocalized in complexes. We further confirmed the complexation between DNA and the PNTs using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Data from an in vivo imaging system (IVIS) showed that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in PNT distribution between L-PNTs/DNA and S-PNTs/DNA within 4 h. However, the S-PNT/DNA group had a significantly higher DNA distribution (p < 0.05) in several organs, including the ilium, heart, lungs, spleen, kidneys, testes, brain, and spinal cord. Finally, we determined the bcl-xL protein expression levels in the brain and spinal cord regions for the L-PNT/DNA and S-PNT/DNA complex formulations. These results suggested that either L-PNTs or S-PNTs may be used as potential carriers for oral gene delivery to treat SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahorng Liaw
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsien Hsieh
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsun Chiou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shwu-Fen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gascon S, Jann J, Langlois-Blais C, Plourde M, Lavoie C, Faucheux N. Peptides Derived from Growth Factors to Treat Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116071. [PMID: 34199883 PMCID: PMC8200100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive neuron losses in memory-related brain structures. The classical features of AD are a dysregulation of the cholinergic system, the accumulation of amyloid plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles. Unfortunately, current treatments are unable to cure or even delay the progression of the disease. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies have emerged, such as the exogenous administration of neurotrophic factors (e.g., NGF and BDNF) that are deficient or dysregulated in AD. However, their low capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier and their exorbitant cost currently limit their use. To overcome these limitations, short peptides mimicking the binding receptor sites of these growth factors have been developed. Such peptides can target selective signaling pathways involved in neuron survival, differentiation, and/or maintenance. This review focuses on growth factors and their derived peptides as potential treatment for AD. It describes (1) the physiological functions of growth factors in the brain, their neuronal signaling pathways, and alteration in AD; (2) the strategies to develop peptides derived from growth factor and their capacity to mimic the role of native proteins; and (3) new advancements and potential in using these molecules as therapeutic treatments for AD, as well as their limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Gascon
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, 2500 Boulevard Université, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada; (S.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Jessica Jann
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, 2500 Boulevard Université, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada; (S.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Chloé Langlois-Blais
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada;
| | - Mélanie Plourde
- Centre de Recherche sur le Vieillissement, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et Services Sociaux de l’Estrie–Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1G 1B1, Canada;
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Christine Lavoie
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada;
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, 3001 12th Avenue, N., Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (N.F.); Tel.: +1-819-821-8000 (ext. 72732) (C.L.); +1-819-821-8000 (ext. 61343) (N.F.)
| | - Nathalie Faucheux
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, 2500 Boulevard Université, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada; (S.G.); (J.J.)
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, 3001 12th Avenue, N., Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (N.F.); Tel.: +1-819-821-8000 (ext. 72732) (C.L.); +1-819-821-8000 (ext. 61343) (N.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sarkar B, Ma X, Agas A, Siddiqui Z, Iglesias-Montoro P, Nguyen PK, Kim KK, Haorah J, Kumar VA. In vivo Neuroprotective Effect of a Self-assembled Peptide Hydrogel. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2021; 408:127295. [PMID: 37842134 PMCID: PMC10571100 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.127295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with poor intrinsic healing responses and long-term cognitive decline. A major pathological outcome of TBI is acute glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity (GME) experienced by neurons. Short peptides based on the neuroprotective extracellular glycoprotein ependymin have shown the ability to slow down the effect of GME - however, such short peptides tend to diffuse away from target sites after in vivo delivery. We have designed a self-assembling peptide containing an ependymin mimic that can form nanofibrous matrices. The peptide was evaluated in situ to assess neuroprotective utility after an acute fluidpercussion injury. This biomimetic matrix can conform to the intracranial damaged site after delivery, due its shear-responsive rheological properties. We demonstrated the potential efficacy of the peptide for supporting neuronal survival in vitro and in vivo. Our study demonstrates the potential of these implantable acellular hydrogels for managing the acute (up to 7 days) pathophysiological sequelae after traumatic brain injury. Further work is needed to evaluate less invasive administrative routes and long-term functional and behavioral improvements after injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biplab Sarkar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Xiaotang Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Agnieszka Agas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Zain Siddiqui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | | | - Peter K. Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Ka Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - James Haorah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Vivek A. Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tuvikene J, Esvald EE, Rähni A, Uustalu K, Zhuravskaya A, Avarlaid A, Makeyev EV, Timmusk T. Intronic enhancer region governs transcript-specific Bdnf expression in rodent neurons. eLife 2021; 10:65161. [PMID: 33560226 PMCID: PMC7891933 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) controls the survival, growth, and function of neurons both during the development and in the adult nervous system. Bdnf is transcribed from several distinct promoters generating transcripts with alternative 5' exons. Bdnf transcripts initiated at the first cluster of exons have been associated with the regulation of body weight and various aspects of social behavior, but the mechanisms driving the expression of these transcripts have remained poorly understood. Here, we identify an evolutionarily conserved intronic enhancer region inside the Bdnf gene that regulates both basal and stimulus-dependent expression of the Bdnf transcripts starting from the first cluster of 5' exons in mouse and rat neurons. We further uncover a functional E-box element in the enhancer region, linking the expression of Bdnf and various pro-neural basic helix–loop–helix transcription factors. Collectively, our results shed new light on the cell-type- and stimulus-specific regulation of the important neurotrophic factor BDNF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Tuvikene
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia.,Protobios LLC, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Eli-Eelika Esvald
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia.,Protobios LLC, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Annika Rähni
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kaie Uustalu
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Anna Zhuravskaya
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annela Avarlaid
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Eugene V Makeyev
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tõnis Timmusk
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia.,Protobios LLC, Tallinn, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang F, Xie N, Zhou J, Dai M, Zhang Q, Hardiman PJ, Qu F. Molecular mechanisms underlying altered neurobehavioural development of female offspring of mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome: FOS-mediated regulation of neurotrophins in placenta. EBioMedicine 2020; 60:102993. [PMID: 32949999 PMCID: PMC7501055 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explored the mechanisms underlying altered neurobehavioural development of female offspring born to mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS In total, 20 women with PCOS and 32 healthy women who underwent caesarean deliveries with a single female foetus were recruited. Infants were assessed with Dubowitz scoring. Swan71 cell line with stable FOS overexpression was used to verify the regulatory effects of FOS on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) expression. Learning and memory in female first-generation (F1) and second-generation (F2) offspring in a rat model of PCOS was tested using the Morris water maze at puberty and adulthood. Transcriptome analysis of pubertal hippocampi and hypothalami of female F1 offspring was conducted. FINDINGS Total score and behaviour subscales of Dubowitz scoring were significantly lower in female infants of women with PCOS. FOS and NGF protein levels were downregulated in placental villi of the PCOS group. FOS played a key role in BDNF inhibition and enhancing NGF in Swan71 cells. PCOS female F1 rats exhibited lower target crossing times during puberty when compared to controls. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant changes in hippocampal and hypothalamic neuronal pathways in female F1 rats at puberty. INTERPRETATION FOS regulation of neurotrophins in the placenta negatively affects neurobehavioural development of female offspring of PCOS mothers. FUNDING This study was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1004900 to F.Q. and F.W.) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81874480 to F.Q.; 81873837 to F.W.).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Wang
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Ningning Xie
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jue Zhou
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Minchen Dai
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Paul J Hardiman
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Fan Qu
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China; Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang D, Li H, Du X, Zhou J, Yuan L, Ren H, Yang X, Zhang G, Chen X. Circulating Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Antioxidant Enzymes Activities, and Mitochondrial DNA in Bipolar Disorder: An Exploratory Report. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:514658. [PMID: 33061913 PMCID: PMC7518036 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.514658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Accumulated evidence indicates that neurotrophin deregulations, oxidative stress injury, and mitochondrial dysfunction have been involved in bipolar disorder (BD); however, their real roles in BD are unclear. Investing the possible interaction between three systems is worthwhile understanding this complex process. METHODS We measured plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level, leukocytes mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), and activities of antioxidant enzymes in BD patients (n = 97) and healthy controls (n = 31). Analysis of variance and linear regression analyses were performed to explore the interaction between mtDNAcn, antioxidant enzymes, and BDNF. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, there were significant decreases of glutathione peroxidase activity, BDNF levels, and mtDNA content, significant increases of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity among BD patients (all p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed MnSOD activity had a moderate effect on BDNF (beta = 0.23, t = 8.5, p = 0.001). Copper zinc SOD and total SOD activity were significantly correlated with Hamilton Depression Scale scores in depressive patients (r = -0.38, p = 0.013; r = -0.35, p = 0.022). Unexpectedly, we observed no significant correlation between mtDNA content and BDNF in BD patients (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The findings coincide with our hypothesis that abnormal antioxidant enzymes, mtDNAcn, and peripheral BDNF may be involved in the course of BD. There were significant correlations between peripheral BDNF, antioxidant enzyme activities and mtDNAcn, suggesting that oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and BDNF may influence each other in BD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Suzhou Mental Health Center, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, the Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Du
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Suzhou Mental Health Center, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, the Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Health Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liu Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Health Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Honghong Ren
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Health Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaonan Yang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Suzhou Mental Health Center, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, the Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guangya Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Suzhou Mental Health Center, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, the Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Health Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ly C, Greb AC, Vargas MV, Duim WC, Grodzki ACG, Lein PJ, Olson DE. Transient Stimulation with Psychoplastogens Is Sufficient to Initiate Neuronal Growth. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 4:452-460. [PMID: 33860174 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cortical neuron atrophy is a hallmark of depression and includes neurite retraction, dendritic spine loss, and decreased synaptic density. Psychoplastogens, small molecules capable of rapidly promoting cortical neuron growth, have been hypothesized to produce long-lasting positive effects on behavior by rectifying these deleterious structural and functional changes. Here we demonstrate that ketamine and LSD, psychoplastogens from two structurally distinct chemical classes, promote sustained growth of cortical neurons after only short periods of stimulation. Furthermore, we show that psychoplastogen-induced cortical neuron growth can be divided into two distinct epochs: an initial stimulation phase requiring TrkB activation and a growth period involving sustained mTOR and AMPA receptor activation. Our results provide important temporal details concerning the molecular mechanisms by which next-generation antidepressants produce persistent changes in cortical neuron structure, and they suggest that rapidly excreted psychoplastogens might still be effective neurotherapeutics with unique advantages over compounds like ketamine and LSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Calvin Ly
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, Davis 95616, United States
| | - Alexandra C Greb
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, Davis 95616, United States
| | - Maxemiliano V Vargas
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95618, United States
| | - Whitney C Duim
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, Davis 95616, United States
| | - Ana Cristina G Grodzki
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - David E Olson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, Davis 95616, United States.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, 2700 Stockton Boulevard, Suite 2102, Sacramento, California 95817, United States.,Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, 1544 Newton Ct, Davis, California 95618, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Moro A, van Woerden GM, Toonen RF, Verhage M. CaMKII controls neuromodulation via neuropeptide gene expression and axonal targeting of neuropeptide vesicles. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000826. [PMID: 32776935 PMCID: PMC7447270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) regulates synaptic plasticity in multiple ways, supposedly including the secretion of neuromodulators like brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Here, we show that neuromodulator secretion is indeed reduced in mouse α- and βCaMKII-deficient (αβCaMKII double-knockout [DKO]) hippocampal neurons. However, this was not due to reduced secretion efficiency or neuromodulator vesicle transport but to 40% reduced neuromodulator levels at synapses and 50% reduced delivery of new neuromodulator vesicles to axons. αβCaMKII depletion drastically reduced neuromodulator expression. Blocking BDNF secretion or BDNF scavenging in wild-type neurons produced a similar reduction. Reduced neuromodulator expression in αβCaMKII DKO neurons was restored by active βCaMKII but not inactive βCaMKII or αCaMKII, and by CaMKII downstream effectors that promote cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation. These data indicate that CaMKII regulates neuromodulation in a feedback loop coupling neuromodulator secretion to βCaMKII- and CREB-dependent neuromodulator expression and axonal targeting, but CaMKIIs are dispensable for the secretion process itself.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Moro
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Geeske M. van Woerden
- Department of Neuroscience, ENCORE Expertise Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ruud F. Toonen
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Verhage
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Drinking Pattern in Intermittent Access Two-Bottle-Choice Paradigm in Male Wistar Rats Is Associated with Exon-Specific BDNF Expression in the Hippocampus During Early Abstinence. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:262-275. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01645-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
31
|
Donepezil attenuates vascular dementia in rats through increasing BDNF induced by reducing HDAC6 nuclear translocation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:588-598. [PMID: 31913348 PMCID: PMC7470853 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-019-0334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VD) is the second most common dementia disease after Alzheimer's diseases (AD) in the world. Donepezil is used to treat mild to moderate AD, and it has been shown to treat cognitive impairment and memory deficits caused by VD. However, the action mechanism of donepezil against VD has not been clarified. In this study, a bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) model was established in rats to simulate the pathology of VD. Two weeks after the surgery, the rats were administered donepezil (10 mg · kg-1 · d-1, ig) for 3 weeks, and then subjected to behavioral tests. We showed that donepezil treatment significantly improved the performance of BCCAO rats in Morris Water Mazes test and Step-down test. Furthermore, we showed that donepezil treatment significantly attenuated neurodegeneration and restored the synapse dendritic spines density in cortex and hippocampus. We revealed that donepezil treatment significantly increased BDNF expression in cortex and hippocampus. Interestingly, donepezil treatment significantly decreased nuclear translocation of HDAC6 and the binding between HDAC6 and BDNF promoter IV in cortex, but not in the hippocampus. The attenuated neurodegeneration by donepezil in cortex and hippocampus might due to the reduced ROS levels and increased phosphorylation of AMPK, whereas increased phosphorylation of AKT was only detected in cortex. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that donepezil attenuates neurodegeneration in cortex and hippocampus via increasing BDNF expression; the regulation of donepezil on HDAC6 occurred in cortex, but not in the hippocampus. This study further clarifies the pharmacological mechanism of donepezil, while also emphasizes the promising epigenetic regulation of HDAC6.
Collapse
|
32
|
Fingolimod Modulates Dendritic Architecture in a BDNF-Dependent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093079. [PMID: 32349283 PMCID: PMC7247704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays crucial roles in both the developing and mature brain. Moreover, alterations in BDNF levels are correlated with the cognitive impairment observed in several neurological diseases. Among the different therapeutic strategies developed to improve endogenous BDNF levels is the administration of the BDNF-inducing drug Fingolimod, an agonist of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor. Fingolimod treatment was shown to rescue diverse symptoms associated with several neurological conditions (i.e., Alzheimer disease, Rett syndrome). However, the cellular mechanisms through which Fingolimod mediates its BDNF-dependent therapeutic effects remain unclear. We show that Fingolimod regulates the dendritic architecture, dendritic spine density and morphology of healthy mature primary hippocampal neurons. Moreover, the application of Fingolimod upregulates the expression of activity-related proteins c-Fos and pERK1/2 in these cells. Importantly, we show that BDNF release is required for these actions of Fingolimod. As alterations in neuronal structure underlie cognitive impairment, we tested whether Fingolimod application might prevent the abnormalities in neuronal structure typical of two neurodevelopmental disorders, namely Rett syndrome and Cdk5 deficiency disorder. We found a significant rescue in the neurite architecture of developing cortical neurons from Mecp2 and Cdkl5 mutant mice. Our study provides insights into understanding the BDNF-dependent therapeutic actions of Fingolimod.
Collapse
|
33
|
Autophagy lipidation machinery regulates axonal microtubule dynamics but is dispensable for survival of mammalian neurons. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1535. [PMID: 32210230 PMCID: PMC7093409 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons maintain axonal homeostasis via employing a unique organization of the microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton, which supports axonal morphology and provides tracks for intracellular transport. Abnormal MT-based trafficking hallmarks the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases, but the exact mechanism regulating MT dynamics in axons remains enigmatic. Here we report on a regulation of MT dynamics by AuTophaGy(ATG)-related proteins, which previously have been linked to the autophagy pathway. We find that ATG proteins required for LC3 lipid conjugation are dispensable for survival of excitatory neurons and instead regulate MT stability via controlling the abundance of the MT-binding protein CLASP2. This function of ATGs is independent of their role in autophagy and requires the active zone protein ELKS1. Our results highlight a non-canonical role of ATG proteins in neurons and suggest that pharmacological activation of autophagy may not only promote the degradation of cytoplasmic material, but also impair axonal integrity via altering MT stability. In neurons, the microtubule cytoskeleton provides support and directionality of axons. Here, the authors report that microtubule dynamics in axons may be regulated by the autophagy proteins (ATGs) independently of their known role in autophagy.
Collapse
|
34
|
Esvald EE, Tuvikene J, Sirp A, Patil S, Bramham CR, Timmusk T. CREB Family Transcription Factors Are Major Mediators of BDNF Transcriptional Autoregulation in Cortical Neurons. J Neurosci 2020; 40:1405-1426. [PMID: 31915257 PMCID: PMC7044735 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0367-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BDNF signaling via its transmembrane receptor TrkB has an important role in neuronal survival, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity. Remarkably, BDNF is capable of modulating its own expression levels in neurons, forming a transcriptional positive feedback loop. In the current study, we have investigated this phenomenon in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons using overexpression of dominant-negative forms of several transcription factors, including CREB, ATF2, C/EBP, USF, and NFAT. We show that CREB family transcription factors, together with the coactivator CBP/p300, but not the CRTC family, are the main regulators of rat BDNF gene expression after TrkB signaling. CREB family transcription factors are required for the early induction of all the major BDNF transcripts, whereas CREB itself directly binds only to BDNF promoter IV, is phosphorylated in response to BDNF-TrkB signaling, and activates transcription from BDNF promoter IV by recruiting CBP. Our complementary reporter assays with BDNF promoter constructs indicate that the regulation of BDNF by CREB family after BDNF-TrkB signaling is generally conserved between rat and human. However, we demonstrate that a nonconserved functional cAMP-responsive element in BDNF promoter IXa in humans renders the human promoter responsive to BDNF-TrkB-CREB signaling, whereas the rat ortholog is unresponsive. Finally, we show that extensive BDNF transcriptional autoregulation, encompassing all major BDNF transcripts, occurs also in vivo in the adult rat hippocampus during BDNF-induced LTP. Collectively, these results improve the understanding of the intricate mechanism of BDNF transcriptional autoregulation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Deeper understanding of stimulus-specific regulation of BDNF gene expression is essential to precisely adjust BDNF levels that are dysregulated in various neurological disorders. Here, we have elucidated the molecular mechanisms behind TrkB signaling-dependent BDNF mRNA induction and show that CREB family transcription factors are the main regulators of BDNF gene expression after TrkB signaling. Our results suggest that BDNF-TrkB signaling may induce BDNF gene expression in a distinct manner compared with neuronal activity. Moreover, our data suggest the existence of a stimulus-specific distal enhancer modulating BDNF gene expression.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/physiology
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/biosynthesis
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Cerebral Cortex/cytology
- Cerebral Cortex/metabolism
- Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/physiology
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/biosynthesis
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics
- Feedback, Physiological
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation/genetics
- Genes, Dominant
- Genes, Reporter
- Genes, Synthetic
- Hippocampus/cytology
- Hippocampus/metabolism
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/physiology
- Male
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/biosynthesis
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/physiology
- Neurons/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, trkB/physiology
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- Response Elements
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Species Specificity
- Transcription, Genetic/genetics
- Transduction, Genetic
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eli-Eelika Esvald
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn 12618, Estonia,
- Protobios LLC, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Jürgen Tuvikene
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
- Protobios LLC, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Alex Sirp
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Sudarshan Patil
- Department of Biomedicine and KG Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, 5009 Bergen, Norway, and
| | - Clive R Bramham
- Department of Biomedicine and KG Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, 5009 Bergen, Norway, and
| | - Tõnis Timmusk
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn 12618, Estonia,
- Protobios LLC, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chen Y, Xie HQ, Sha R, Xu T, Zhang S, Fu H, Xia Y, Liu Y, Xu L, Zhao B. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and up-regulation of neurofilament expression in neuronal cells: Evaluation of AhR and MAPK pathways. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 134:105193. [PMID: 31775093 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dioxin exposure is reported to affect nervous system development and increase the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Generally, dioxin exerts its neurotoxicity via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Neurofilament (NF) light (NFL) protein is a biomarker for both neuronal differentiation and neurodegeneration and its expression is controlled by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. However, the effects of dioxin on NFL expression and involved mechanisms are incompletely understood. We aimed to investigate the effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on NFL expression and elucidate the underlining signaling pathways and their potential crosstalk, specifically between MAPK and AhR pathway. We employed primary cultured rat cortical neurons to evaluate the effect of TCDD exposure on NFL expression. We also used nerve growth factor (NGF)-treated PC12 cells with specific inhibitors to investigate the involvement of and potential crosstalk between the MAPK pathway and the AhR pathway in mediating the effects of TCDD on NFL expression. After TCDD exposure, NFL mRNA and protein levels were upregulated in cultured neurons. NFL protein was preferentially found in the cell body compared with neurites of the cultured neurons. In PC12 cells, TCDD enhanced both NGF-induced NFL expression and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38. The addition of MAPK-pathway inhibitors (PD98059 and SB230580) partially blocked the TCDD-induced NFL upregulation. CH223191, an AhR antagonist, reversed the upregulation of NFL and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 induced by TCDD. This study demonstrated TCDD-induced upregulation of NFL in cultured neurons, with protein retained in the cell body. TCDD action was dependent on activation of AhR and MAPK, while crosstalk was found between these two signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Heidi Qunhui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Rui Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Tuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Songyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hualing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yingjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yiyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chottekalapanda RU, Kalik S, Gresack J, Ayala A, Gao M, Wang W, Meller S, Aly A, Schaefer A, Greengard P. AP-1 controls the p11-dependent antidepressant response. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:1364-1381. [PMID: 32439846 PMCID: PMC7303013 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0767-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most widely prescribed drugs for mood disorders. While the mechanism of SSRI action is still unknown, SSRIs are thought to exert therapeutic effects by elevating extracellular serotonin levels in the brain, and remodel the structural and functional alterations dysregulated during depression. To determine their precise mode of action, we tested whether such neuroadaptive processes are modulated by regulation of specific gene expression programs. Here we identify a transcriptional program regulated by activator protein-1 (AP-1) complex, formed by c-Fos and c-Jun that is selectively activated prior to the onset of the chronic SSRI response. The AP-1 transcriptional program modulates the expression of key neuronal remodeling genes, including S100a10 (p11), linking neuronal plasticity to the antidepressant response. We find that AP-1 function is required for the antidepressant effect in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrate how neurochemical pathways of BDNF and FGF2, through the MAPK, PI3K, and JNK cascades, regulate AP-1 function to mediate the beneficial effects of the antidepressant response. Here we put forth a sequential molecular network to track the antidepressant response and provide a new avenue that could be used to accelerate or potentiate antidepressant responses by triggering neuroplasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Revathy U. Chottekalapanda
- 0000 0001 2166 1519grid.134907.8Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Salina Kalik
- 0000 0001 2166 1519grid.134907.8Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Jodi Gresack
- 0000 0001 2166 1519grid.134907.8Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Alyssa Ayala
- 0000 0001 2166 1519grid.134907.8Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Melanie Gao
- 0000 0001 2166 1519grid.134907.8Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Wei Wang
- 0000 0001 2166 1519grid.134907.8Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Sarah Meller
- 0000 0001 2166 1519grid.134907.8Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Ammar Aly
- 0000 0001 2166 1519grid.134907.8Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Anne Schaefer
- 0000 0001 0670 2351grid.59734.3cFriedman Brain Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Paul Greengard
- 0000 0001 2166 1519grid.134907.8Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rudlong J, Cheng A, Johnson GVW. The role of transglutaminase 2 in mediating glial cell function and pathophysiology in the central nervous system. Anal Biochem 2019; 591:113556. [PMID: 31866289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.113556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitously expressed transglutaminase 2 (TG2) has diverse functions in virtually all cell types, with its role depending not only on cell type, but also on specific subcellular localization. In the central nervous system (CNS) different types of glial cells, such as astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes and their precursor cells (OPCs), play pivotal supportive functions. This review is focused on what is currently known about the role of TG2 in each type of glial cell, in the context of normal function and pathophysiology. For example, astrocytic TG2 facilitates their migration and proliferation, but hinders their ability to protect neurons after CNS injury. The review also examines the interactions between glial cell types, and how TG2 in one cell type may affect another, as well as implications for specific TG2 populations as therapeutic targets in CNS pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Rudlong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and the Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA
| | - Anson Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and the Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA
| | - Gail V W Johnson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and the Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
KLF2 protects BV2 microglial cells against oxygen and glucose deprivation injury by modulating BDNF/TrkB pathway. Gene 2019; 735:144277. [PMID: 31821872 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia injury is common in cerebral ischemic disease, and treatment options remain limited. Krueppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) is reported to negatively regulate inflammation in several ischemic diseases. Our study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanism of KLF2 in BV2 microglial cells exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). We first found decreased KLF2 and toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/TLR4 in these cells. OGD also led to decrease in cell viability and increase in LDH release, apoptosis, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and caspase3/9 expression, as well as production of inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and TLR2/TLR4. To examine KLF2's effects on these OGD effects, we infected BV2 microglial cells with an ad-KLF2 or negative control vector, and we found that KLF2 reversed all of the effects of OGD exposure. Furthermore, KLF2 significantly increased levels of BDNF and TrkB in these cells, but these effects were blocked by K252a, a BDNF/TrkB inhibitor. K252a also decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis, inflammatory factors, ROS production, and TLR2/TLR4 expression in OGD-exposed BV2 cells that were treated with KLF2, were implying that K252a could reverse the effects of KLF2 on these cells. Taken together, our study results indicate that KLF2 may protect BV2 microglial cells against OGD injury by activating the BDNF/TrkB pathway.
Collapse
|
39
|
Tran C, Heng B, Teo JD, Humphrey SJ, Qi Y, Couttas TA, Stefen H, Brettle M, Fath T, Guillemin GJ, Don AS. Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes. J Neurochem 2019; 153:173-188. [PMID: 31742704 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is an essential lipid metabolite that signals through a family of five G protein-coupled receptors, S1PR1-S1PR5, to regulate cell physiology. The multiple sclerosis drug Fingolimod (FTY720) is a potent S1P receptor agonist that causes peripheral lymphopenia. Recent research has demonstrated direct neuroprotective properties of FTY720 in several neurodegenerative paradigms; however, neuroprotective properties of the native ligand S1P have not been established. We aimed to establish the significance of neurotrophic factor up-regulation by S1P for neuroprotection, comparing S1P with FTY720. S1P induced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB), and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HBEGF) gene expression in primary human and murine astrocytes, but not in neurons, and to a much greater extent than FTY720. Accordingly, S1P but not FTY720 protected cultured neurons against excitotoxic cell death in a primary murine neuron-glia coculture model, and a neutralizing antibody to LIF blocked this S1P-mediated neuroprotection. Antagonists of S1PR1 and S1PR2 both inhibited S1P-mediated neurotrophic gene induction in human astrocytes, indicating that simultaneous activation of both receptors is required. S1PR2 signaling was transduced through Gα13 and the small GTPase Rho, and was necessary for the up-regulation and activation of the transcription factors FOS and JUN, which regulate LIF, BDNF, and HBEGF transcription. In summary, we show that S1P protects hippocampal neurons against excitotoxic cell death through up-regulation of neurotrophic gene expression, particularly LIF, in astrocytes. This up-regulation requires both S1PR1 and S1PR2 signaling. FTY720 does not activate S1PR2, explaining its relative inefficacy compared to S1P.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Collin Tran
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Benjamin Heng
- MND Research Centre, Neuroinflammation group, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan D Teo
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Sean J Humphrey
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Yanfei Qi
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Timothy A Couttas
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Holly Stefen
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Merryn Brettle
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas Fath
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- MND Research Centre, Neuroinflammation group, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony S Don
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zheng P, Chen X, Xie J, Chen X, Lin S, Ye L, Chen L, Lin J, Yu X, Zheng M. Capn4 is induced by and required for Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 promotion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis through ERK/AP-1 signaling. Cancer Sci 2019; 111:72-83. [PMID: 31691433 PMCID: PMC6942433 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Capn4, also known as CapnS1, is a member of the calpain family, which plays a crucial role in maintaining the activity and function of calpain. We previously reported that Capn4 also plays an essential role in the migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells through regulation of (MMP‐2) by nuclear factor‐kappa B activation. Epstein‐Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is closely related to the malignant functions of NPC; however, the relationship between LMP1 and Capn4 in NPC remain unclear. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the level of LMP1 and Capn4 expression was high in both primary and metastatic NPC tissues, with a significantly positive correlation. We further found that LMP1 was able to upregulate the Capn4 promoter in a dose‐dependent way through the C‐terminal activation region (CTAR)1 and CTAR2 domains to activate AP‐1. Moreover, we also found that LMP1 activated AP‐1 through ERK/JNK phosphorylation. These findings indicate that Capn4 coordination with LMP1 promotes actin rearrangement and, ultimately, cellular migration. These results show that Capn4 coordination with LMP1 enhances NPC migration by increasing actin rearrangement involving ERK/JNK/AP‐1 signaling. Therapeutically, additional and more specific LMP1 and Capn4 targeted inhibitors could be exploited to treat NPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peichan Zheng
- Fujian Center for Safety Evaluation of New Drug, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The 900th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianqin Xie
- Fujian Center for Safety Evaluation of New Drug, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The 900th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Lin
- Fujian Center for Safety Evaluation of New Drug, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lixiang Ye
- Fujian Center for Safety Evaluation of New Drug, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lingfan Chen
- Fujian Center for Safety Evaluation of New Drug, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Fujian Center for Safety Evaluation of New Drug, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiangbin Yu
- Fujian Center for Safety Evaluation of New Drug, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hixson KM, Cogswell M, Brooks-Kayal AR, Russek SJ. Evidence for a non-canonical JAK/STAT signaling pathway in the synthesis of the brain's major ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:677. [PMID: 31455240 PMCID: PMC6712773 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a major signaling molecule that the brain uses to control a vast network of intracellular cascades fundamental to properties of learning and memory, and cognition. While much is known about BDNF signaling in the healthy nervous system where it controls the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and cyclic-AMP pathways, less is known about its role in multiple brain disorders where it contributes to the dysregulated neuroplasticity seen in epilepsy and traumatic brain injury (TBI). We previously found that neurons respond to prolonged BDNF exposure (both in vivo (in models of epilepsy and TBI) and in vitro (in BDNF treated primary neuronal cultures)) by activating the Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway. This pathway is best known for its association with inflammatory cytokines in non-neuronal cells. RESULTS Here, using deep RNA-sequencing of neurons exposed to BDNF in the presence and absence of well characterized JAK/STAT inhibitors, and without non-neuronal cells, we determine the BDNF transcriptome that is specifically regulated by agents that inhibit JAK/STAT signaling. Surprisingly, the BDNF-induced JAK/STAT transcriptome contains ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors coming from all the major classes expressed in the brain, along with key modulators of synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, and axonal remodeling. Analysis of this dataset has revealed a unique non-canonical mechanism of JAK/STATs in neurons as differential gene expression mediated by STAT3 is not solely dependent upon phosphorylation at residue 705 and may involve a BDNF-induced interaction of STAT3 with Heterochromatin Protein 1 alpha (HP1α). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the neuronal BDNF-induced JAK/STAT pathway involves more than STAT3 phosphorylation at 705, providing the first evidence for a non-canonical mechanism that may involve HP1α. Our analysis reveals that JAK/STAT signaling regulates many of the genes associated with epilepsy syndromes where BDNF levels are markedly elevated. Uncovering the mechanism of this novel form of BDNF signaling in the brain may provide a new direction for epilepsy therapeutics and open a window into the complex mechanisms of STAT3 transcriptional regulation in neurological disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M. Hixson
- Laboratory of Translational Epilepsy, Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston, USA
- Graduate Program for Neuroscience (GPN), Boston University (BU), Boston, USA
| | - Meaghan Cogswell
- Laboratory of Translational Epilepsy, Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston, USA
| | - Amy R. Brooks-Kayal
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
| | - Shelley J. Russek
- Laboratory of Translational Epilepsy, Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston, USA
- Graduate Program for Neuroscience (GPN), Boston University (BU), Boston, USA
- Department of Biology, Boston University (BU), Boston, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kucera J, Ruda-Kucerova J, Zlamal F, Kuruczova D, Babinska Z, Tomandl J, Tomandlova M, Bienertova-Vasku J. Oral administration of BDNF and/or GDNF normalizes serum BDNF level in the olfactory bulbectomized rats: A proof of concept study. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:669-675. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
43
|
Taal K, Tuvikene J, Rullinkov G, Piirsoo M, Sepp M, Neuman T, Tamme R, Timmusk T. Neuralized family member NEURL1 is a ubiquitin ligase for the cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase 9A. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7104. [PMID: 31068605 PMCID: PMC6506465 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43069-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuralized functions as a positive regulator of the Notch pathway by promoting ubiquitination of Notch ligands via its E3 ligase activity, resulting in their efficient endocytosis and signaling. Using a yeast two-hybrid screen, we have identified a cGMP-hydrolysing phosphodiesterase, PDE9A, as a novel interactor and substrate of Neuralized E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (NEURL1). We confirmed this interaction with co-immunoprecipitation experiments and show that both Neuralized Homology Repeat domains of NEURL1 can interact with PDE9A. We also demonstrate that NEURL1 can promote polyubiquitination of PDE9A that leads to its proteasome-mediated degradation mainly via lysine residue K27 of ubiquitin. Our results suggest that NEURL1 acts as a novel regulator of protein levels of PDE9A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kati Taal
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Jürgen Tuvikene
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Grete Rullinkov
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Marko Piirsoo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.,Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari Sepp
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.,Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Richard Tamme
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Tõnis Timmusk
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
AS1949490, an inhibitor of 5′-lipid phosphatase SHIP2, promotes protein kinase C-dependent stabilization of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in cultured cortical neurons. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 851:69-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
45
|
Guida N, Valsecchi V, Laudati G, Serani A, Mascolo L, Molinaro P, Montuori P, Di Renzo G, Canzoniero LM, Formisano L. The miR206-JunD Circuit Mediates the Neurotoxic Effect of Methylmercury in Cortical Neurons. Toxicol Sci 2019. [PMID: 29522201 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) causes neuronal death through different pathways. Particularly, we found that in cortical neurons it increased the expression of Repressor Element-1 Silencing Transcription Factor (REST), histone deacetylase (HDAC)4, Specificity Protein (Sp)1, Sp4, and reduced the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Herein, in rat cortical neurons we investigated whether microRNA (miR)206 can modulate MeHg-induced cell death by regulating REST/HDAC4/Sp1/Sp4/BDNF axis. MeHg (1 µM) reduced miR206 expression after both 12 and 24 h and miR206 transfection prevented MeHg-induced neuronal death. Furthermore, miR206 reverted MeHg-induced REST and Sp4 increase and BDNF reduction at gene and protein level, and reverted HDAC4 protein increase, but not HDAC4 mRNA upregulation. Moreover, since no miR206 seed sequences were identified in the 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) of REST and SP4, we investigated the role of JunD, that presents a consensus motif on REST, Sp4, and BDNF promoters. Indeed, MeHg increased JunD mRNA and protein levels, and JunD knockdown counteracted MeHg-induced REST, Sp4 increase, but not BDNF reduction. Furthermore, we identified a miR206 binding site in the 3'-UTR of JunD mRNA (miR206/JunD) and mutagenesis of miR206/JunD site reverted JunD luciferase activity reduction induced by miR206. Finally, miR206 prevented MeHg-increased JunD binding to REST and Sp4 promoters, and MeHg-reduced BDNF expression was determined by the increase of HDAC4 binding on BDNF promoter IV. Collectively, these results suggest that miR206 downregulation induced by MeHg exposure determines an upregulation of HDAC4, that in turn downregulated BDNF, and the activation of JunD that, by binding REST and Sp4 gene promoters, increased their expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valeria Valsecchi
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giusy Laudati
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy.,Division of Pharmacology, Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Angelo Serani
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Mascolo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Molinaro
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Montuori
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Di Renzo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Lorella M Canzoniero
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy.,Division of Pharmacology, Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Luigi Formisano
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy.,Division of Pharmacology, Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Nguyen Nguyen HT, Kato H, Sato H, Yamaza H, Sakai Y, Ohga S, Nonaka K, Masuda K. Positive effect of exogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor on impaired neurite development and mitochondrial function in dopaminergic neurons derived from dental pulp stem cells from children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:1048-1054. [PMID: 31010680 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders and is characterized by impaired attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. While multiple etiologies are implicated in ADHD, its underlying mechanism(s) remain unclear. Although previous studies have suggested dysregulation of dopaminergic signals, mitochondria, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in ADHD, few studies have reported these associations directly. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) can efficiently differentiate into dopaminergic neurons (DNs) and are thus a useful disease-specific cellular model for the study of neurodevelopmental disorders associated with DN dysfunction. This study aimed to elucidate the relationships between DNs, mitochondria, and BDNF in ADHD by analyzing DNs differentiated from SHED obtained from three boys with ADHD and comparing them to those from three typically developing boys. In the absence of exogenous BDNF in the cell culture media, DNs derived from boys with ADHD (ADHD-DNs) exhibited impaired neurite outgrowth and branching, decreased mitochondrial mass in neurites, and abnormal intracellular ATP levels. In addition, BDNF mRNA was significantly decreased in ADHD-DNs. Supplementation with BDNF, however, significantly improved neurite development and mitochondrial function in ADHD-DNs. These results suggest that ADHD-DNs may have impaired neurite development and mitochondrial function associated with insufficient production of BDNF, which may be improved by exogenous BDNF supplementation. Findings such as these, from patient-derived SHED, may contribute to the future development of treatment strategies for aberrant dopaminergic signaling, mitochondrial functioning, and BDNF levels implicated in ADHD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huong Thi Nguyen Nguyen
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth & Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth & Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Sato
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth & Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Haruyoshi Yamaza
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth & Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasunari Sakai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shouichi Ohga
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nonaka
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth & Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keiji Masuda
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth & Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Annunziato KM, Jantzen CE, Gronske MC, Cooper KR. Subtle morphometric, behavioral and gene expression effects in larval zebrafish exposed to PFHxA, PFHxS and 6:2 FTOH. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 208:126-137. [PMID: 30669116 PMCID: PMC6396680 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies of perfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) have focused on the toxicity of long chain PFASs, such as PFOS or PFOA, which have been demonstrated to cause an array of developmental and behavioral effects. However, less is known about low molecular weight PFASs and alternatives. This study examined the morphometric and behavioral effects in zebrafish following developmental exposures of C6 PFASs: perfluorohexanoic acid, PFHxA, perfluorohexane sulfonate, PFHxS, and 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol, 6:2 FTOH. Embryos were exposed to 0.02-20 μM concentrations of these compounds from the high stage (˜3 h post fertilization, hpf) until 120 hpf. Morphometric and gene expression endpoints were examined at 120 hpf. Genes selected for analysis were previously shown to be altered in zebrafish developmentally exposed to PFOS and PFOA. Additionally, exposed larvae were transferred to clean water and reared until 14 days post fertilization, dpf, when behavioral assays were completed and morphometric endpoints examined. While PFHxA was found to be the most acutely toxic at 120 hpf, few morphometric effects were observed. Gene expression was the most sensitive endpoint with significant increased tgfb1a, bdnf, and ap1s1 expression observed with PFHxA exposure. PFHxS exposure produced morphometric effects in the larvae, specifically increased length and yolk sac area at 2 and 20 μM. This phenotype persisted to the 14 dpf time point, where these larvae additionally displayed decreased distance traveled and crosses through the center of the arena of the behavioral assay. Exposure to 6:2 FTOH caused no morphometric effects at 120 hpf, and this compound was the least acutely toxic. However, expression of both tgfb1a and bdnf were increased by greater than 2 fold change at this time point. Effects also persisted to 14 dpf where a significant increase in distance traveled and velocity were observed in the behavioral assay. This study demonstrates effects on behavioral, morphometric and gene expression endpoints with developmental PFHxA, PFHxS, and 6:2 FTOH exposures in zebrafish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate M Annunziato
- Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Carrie E Jantzen
- Department of Environmental Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Melissa C Gronske
- Department of Animal Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Keith R Cooper
- Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Department of Environmental Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Department of Animal Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
NDRG4 prevents cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting neuronal apoptosis. Genes Dis 2019; 6:448-454. [PMID: 31832525 PMCID: PMC6888726 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is a major cause of mortality and long-term morbidity worldwide. NDRG4 has been shown to protect against cerebral ischemia, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here we found that NDRG4 expression was decreased in the brain tissues of ischemia/reperfusion (IR) rats, indicating increased apoptosis rates among cerebral cells. NDRG4 restoration via an adenovirus significantly attenuated cerebral infarct sizes and impairments in IR rats. Furthermore, adenovirus-mediated NDRG4 inhibited cell apoptosis in the brains of IR rats and regulated the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, and c-Fos. Moreover, we found that NDRG4 increased expression of BDNF, which is strongly related to cerebral ischemia and cellular apoptosis. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that NDRG4 protects cerebral IR injury by inhibiting cell apoptosis and regulates cerebral cell apoptosis by increasing BDNF expression. These results suggest that NDRG4 may be a therapeutic target for IR treatment.
Collapse
|
49
|
Sharma A, Muresanu DF, Ozkizilcik A, Tian ZR, Lafuente JV, Manzhulo I, Mössler H, Sharma HS. Sleep deprivation exacerbates concussive head injury induced brain pathology: Neuroprotective effects of nanowired delivery of cerebrolysin with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2019; 245:1-55. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
50
|
Chen H, Amazit L, Lombès M, Le Menuet D. Crosstalk Between Glucocorticoid Receptor and Early-growth Response Protein 1 Accounts for Repression of Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Transcript 4 Expression. Neuroscience 2018; 399:12-27. [PMID: 30578973 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key player in brain functions such as synaptic plasticity, stress, and behavior. Its gene structure in rodents contains 8 untranslated exons (I to VIII) whose expression is finely regulated and which spliced onto a common and unique translated exon IX. Altered Bdnf expression is associated with many pathologies such as depression, Alzheimer's disease and addiction. Through binding to glucocorticoid receptor (GR), glucocorticoids play a pivotal role for stress responses, mood and neuronal plasticity. We recently showed in neuronal primary culture and in the immortalized neuronal-like BZ cells that GR repressed Bdnf expression, notably the bdnf exon IV containing mRNA isoform (Bdnf4) via GR binding to a short 275-bp sequence of Bdnf promoter. Herein, we demonstrate by transient transfection experiments and mutagenesis in BZ cells that GR interacts with an early growth response protein 1 (EGR1) response element (EGR-RE) located in the transcription start site of Bdnf exon IV promoter. Using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, we find that both GR and EGR1 bind to this promoter sequence in a glucocorticoid-dependent manner and demonstrate by co-immunoprecipitation that GR and EGR1 are interacting physically. Interestingly, EGR1 has been widely characterized as a regulator of brain plasticity. In conclusion, we deciphered a mechanism by which GR downregulates Bdnf expression, identifying a novel functional crosstalk between glucocorticoid pathways, immediate early growth response proteins and Bdnf. As all these factors are well-recognized germane for brain pathophysiology, these findings may have significant implications in neurosciences as well as in therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Inserm 1185, Fac Med Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Larbi Amazit
- UMS-32, Institut Biomédical de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marc Lombès
- Inserm 1185, Fac Med Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Le Kremlin Bicêtre F-94275, France
| | - Damien Le Menuet
- Inserm 1185, Fac Med Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
| |
Collapse
|