1
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Soares R, Lourenço DM, Mota IF, Sebastião AM, Xapelli S, Morais VA. Lineage-specific changes in mitochondrial properties during neural stem cell differentiation. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302473. [PMID: 38664022 PMCID: PMC11045976 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) reside in discrete regions of the adult mammalian brain where they can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Several studies suggest that mitochondria have a major role in regulating NSC fate. Here, we evaluated mitochondrial properties throughout NSC differentiation and in lineage-specific cells. For this, we used the neurosphere assay model to isolate, expand, and differentiate mouse subventricular zone postnatal NSCs. We found that the levels of proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion (Mitofusin [Mfn] 1 and Mfn 2) increased, whereas proteins involved in fission (dynamin-related protein 1 [DRP1]) decreased along differentiation. Importantly, changes in mitochondrial dynamics correlated with distinct patterns of mitochondrial morphology in each lineage. Particularly, we found that the number of branched and unbranched mitochondria increased during astroglial and neuronal differentiation, whereas the area occupied by mitochondrial structures significantly reduced with oligodendrocyte maturation. In addition, comparing the three lineages, neurons revealed to be the most energetically flexible, whereas astrocytes presented the highest ATP content. Our work identified putative mitochondrial targets to enhance lineage-directed differentiation of mouse subventricular zone-derived NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Soares
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular | João Lobo Antunes (iMM|JLA), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diogo M Lourenço
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular | João Lobo Antunes (iMM|JLA), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isa F Mota
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular | João Lobo Antunes (iMM|JLA), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana M Sebastião
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular | João Lobo Antunes (iMM|JLA), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara Xapelli
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular | João Lobo Antunes (iMM|JLA), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vanessa A Morais
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular | João Lobo Antunes (iMM|JLA), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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2
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Pachetti M, Palandri A, de Castro Reis F, Recupero L, Ballerini L. Exploring Ca 2+ Dynamics in Myelinating Oligodendrocytes through rAAV-Mediated jGCaMP8s Expression in Developing Spinal Cord Organ Cultures. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0540-23.2024. [PMID: 38744490 PMCID: PMC11151195 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0540-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes, the myelin-producing glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS), crucially contribute to myelination and circuit function. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that intracellular calcium (Ca2+) dynamics in oligodendrocytes mediates activity-dependent and activity-independent myelination. Unraveling how myelinating oligodendrocytes orchestrate and integrate Ca2+ signals, particularly in relation to axonal firing, is crucial for gaining insights into their role in the CNS development and function, both in health and disease. In this framework, we used the recombinant adeno-associated virus/Olig001 capsid variant to express the genetically encoded Ca2+ indicator jGCaMP8s, under the control of the myelin basic protein promoter. In our study, this tool exhibits excellent tropism and selectivity for myelinating and mature oligodendrocytes, and it allows monitoring Ca2+ activity in myelin-forming cells, both in isolated primary cultures and organotypic spinal cord explants. By live imaging of myelin Ca2+ events in oligodendrocytes within organ cultures, we observed a rapid decline in the amplitude and duration of Ca2+ events across different in vitro developmental stages. Active myelin sheath remodeling and growth are modulated at the level of myelin-axon interface through Ca2+ signaling, and, during early myelination in organ cultures, this phase is finely tuned by the firing of axon action potentials. In the later stages of myelination, Ca2+ events in mature oligodendrocytes no longer display such a modulation, underscoring the involvement of complex Ca2+ signaling in CNS myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pachetti
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste 34146, Italy
| | - Anabela Palandri
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste 34146, Italy
| | | | - Luca Recupero
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste 34146, Italy
| | - Laura Ballerini
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste 34146, Italy
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3
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Pernin F, Cui QL, Mohammadnia A, Fernandes MGF, Hall JA, Srour M, Dudley RWR, Zandee SEJ, Klement W, Prat A, Salapa HE, Levin MC, Moore GRW, Kennedy TE, Vande Velde C, Antel JP. Regulation of stress granule formation in human oligodendrocytes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1524. [PMID: 38374028 PMCID: PMC10876533 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45746-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte (OL) injury and subsequent loss is a pathologic hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS). Stress granules (SGs) are membrane-less organelles containing mRNAs stalled in translation and considered as participants of the cellular response to stress. Here we show SGs in OLs in active and inactive areas of MS lesions as well as in normal-appearing white matter. In cultures of primary human adult brain derived OLs, metabolic stress conditions induce transient SG formation in these cells. Combining pro-inflammatory cytokines, which alone do not induce SG formation, with metabolic stress results in persistence of SGs. Unlike sodium arsenite, metabolic stress induced SG formation is not blocked by the integrated stress response inhibitor. Glycolytic inhibition also induces persistent SGs indicating the dependence of SG formation and disassembly on the energetic glycolytic properties of human OLs. We conclude that SG persistence in OLs in MS reflects their response to a combination of metabolic stress and pro-inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Pernin
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Qiao-Ling Cui
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Milton G F Fernandes
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jeffery A Hall
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Myriam Srour
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Roy W R Dudley
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stephanie E J Zandee
- Centre de Recherche Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Wendy Klement
- Centre de Recherche Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Centre de Recherche Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hannah E Salapa
- Cameco Multiple Sclerosis Neuroscience Research Center, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Michael C Levin
- Cameco Multiple Sclerosis Neuroscience Research Center, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - G R Wayne Moore
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Timothy E Kennedy
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Jack P Antel
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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4
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Jamann H, Desu HL, Cui QL, Halaweh A, Tastet O, Klement W, Zandee S, Pernin F, Mamane VH, Ouédraogo O, Daigneault A, Sidibé H, Millette F, Peelen E, Dhaeze T, Hoornaert C, Rébillard RM, Thai K, Grasmuck C, Vande Velde C, Prat A, Arbour N, Stratton JA, Antel J, Larochelle C. ALCAM on human oligodendrocytes mediates CD4 T cell adhesion. Brain 2024; 147:147-162. [PMID: 37640028 PMCID: PMC10766241 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic neuroinflammatory disorder characterized by demyelination, oligodendrocyte damage/loss and neuroaxonal injury in the context of immune cell infiltration in the CNS. No neuroprotective therapy is available to promote the survival of oligodendrocytes and protect their myelin processes in immune-mediated demyelinating diseases. Pro-inflammatory CD4 Th17 cells can interact with oligodendrocytes in multiple sclerosis and its animal model, causing injury to myelinating processes and cell death through direct contact. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the close contact and subsequent detrimental interaction of Th17 cells with oligodendrocytes remain unclear. In this study we used single cell RNA sequencing, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence studies on CNS tissue from multiple sclerosis subjects, its animal model and controls to characterize the expression of cell adhesion molecules by mature oligodendrocytes. We found that a significant proportion of human and murine mature oligodendrocytes express melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) and activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) in multiple sclerosis, in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and in controls, although their regulation differs between human and mouse. We observed that exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines or to human activated T cells are associated with a marked downregulation of the expression of MCAM but not of ALCAM at the surface of human primary oligodendrocytes. Furthermore, we used in vitro live imaging, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry to determine the contribution of these molecules to Th17-polarized cell adhesion and cytotoxicity towards human oligodendrocytes. Silencing and blocking ALCAM but not MCAM limited prolonged interactions between human primary oligodendrocytes and Th17-polarized cells, resulting in decreased adhesion of Th17-polarized cells to oligodendrocytes and conferring significant protection of oligodendrocytic processes. In conclusion, we showed that human oligodendrocytes express MCAM and ALCAM, which are differently modulated by inflammation and T cell contact. We found that ALCAM is a ligand for Th17-polarized cells, contributing to their capacity to adhere and induce damage to human oligodendrocytes, and therefore could represent a relevant target for neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Jamann
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Haritha L Desu
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Qiao-Ling Cui
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Alexandre Halaweh
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H2X 3E4, Canada
| | - Olivier Tastet
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Wendy Klement
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Stephanie Zandee
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Florian Pernin
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Victoria H Mamane
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Oumarou Ouédraogo
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H2X 3E4, Canada
| | - Audrey Daigneault
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Hadjara Sidibé
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Florence Millette
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Evelyn Peelen
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Tessa Dhaeze
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Chloé Hoornaert
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Rose-Marie Rébillard
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Karine Thai
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Camille Grasmuck
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Christine Vande Velde
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Nathalie Arbour
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Jo Anne Stratton
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Jack Antel
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Catherine Larochelle
- Neuroimmunology unit, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4, Canada
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5
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Sajad M, Zahoor I, Rashid F, Cerghet M, Rattan R, Giri S. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase-Dependent Metabolic Programming Affects the Oligodendrocyte Maturation and Remyelination. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:397-410. [PMID: 37620688 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03546-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic needs of the premature/premyelinating oligodendrocytes (pre-OLs) and mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) are distinct. The metabolic control of oligodendrocyte maturation from the pre-OLs to the OLs is not fully understood. Here, we show that the terminal maturation and higher mitochondrial respiration in the OLs is an integrated process controlled through pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (Pdh). Combined bioenergetics and metabolic studies show that OLs show elevated mitochondrial respiration than the pre-OLs. Our signaling studies show that the increased mitochondrial respiration activity in the OLs is mediated by the activation of Pdh due to inhibition of the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1 (Pdhk1) that phosphorylates and inhibits Pdh activity. Accordingly, when Pdhk1 is directly expressed in the pre-OLs, they fail to mature into the OLs. While Pdh converts pyruvate into the acetyl-CoA by its oxidative decarboxylation, our study shows that Pdh-dependent acetyl-CoA generation from pyruvate contributes to the acetylation of the bHLH family transcription factor, oligodendrocyte transcription factor 1 (Olig1) which is known to be involved in the OL maturation. Pdh inhibition via direct expression of Pdhk1 in the pre-OLs blocks the Olig1-acetylation and OL maturation. Using the cuprizone model of demyelination, we show that Pdh is deactivated during the demyelination phase, which is however reversed in the remyelination phase upon cuprizone withdrawal. In addition, Pdh activity status correlates with the Olig1-acetylation status in the cuprizone model. Hence, the Pdh metabolic node activation allows a robust mitochondrial respiration and activation of a molecular program necessary for the terminal maturation of oligodendrocytes. Our findings open a new dialogue in the developmental biology that links cellular development and metabolism. These findings have far-reaching implications in the development of therapies for a variety of demyelinating disorders including multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sajad
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
| | - Insha Zahoor
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Faraz Rashid
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Mirela Cerghet
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Ramandeep Rattan
- Gynecologic Oncology and Developmental Therapeutics Research Program, Henry Ford Health Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Shailendra Giri
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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6
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Bame X, Hill RA. Mitochondrial network reorganization and transient expansion during oligodendrocyte generation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.05.570104. [PMID: 38106204 PMCID: PMC10723275 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.05.570104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) give rise to myelinating oligodendrocytes of the central nervous system. This process persists throughout life and is essential for recovery from neurodegeneration. To better understand the cellular checkpoints that occur during oligodendrogenesis, we determined the mitochondrial distribution and morphometrics across the oligodendrocyte lineage in mouse and human cerebral cortex. During oligodendrocyte generation, mitochondrial content expanded concurrently with a change in subcellular partitioning towards the distal processes. These changes were followed by an abrupt loss of mitochondria in the oligodendrocyte processes and myelin, coinciding with sheath compaction. This reorganization and extensive expansion and depletion took 3 days. Oligodendrocyte mitochondria were stationary over days while OPC mitochondrial motility was modulated by animal arousal state within minutes. Aged OPCs also displayed decreased mitochondrial size, content, and motility. Thus, mitochondrial dynamics are linked to oligodendrocyte generation, dynamically modified by their local microenvironment, and altered in the aging brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xhoela Bame
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Robert A Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
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7
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Benarroch E. What Are the Roles of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells in Normal and Pathologic Conditions? Neurology 2023; 101:958-965. [PMID: 37985182 PMCID: PMC10663025 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000208000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
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8
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Javanbakht P, Yazdi FR, Taghizadeh F, Khadivi F, Hamidabadi HG, Kashani IR, Zarini D, Mojaverrostami S. Quercetin as a possible complementary therapy in multiple sclerosis: Anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and remyelination potential properties. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21741. [PMID: 37954351 PMCID: PMC10638059 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) which causes various symptoms such as fatigue, dyscoordination weakness and visual weakness. The intricacy of the immune system and obscure etiology are the main reasons for the lack of a definite treatment for MS. Oxidative stress is one of the most important key factors in MS pathogenesis. It can enhance inflammation, neurodegeneration and autoimmune-mediated processes, which can lead to excessive demyelination and axonal disruption. Recently, promising effects of Quercetin as a non-pharmacological anti-oxidant therapy have been reported in preclinical studies of MS disease. In this review, we provide a compendium of preclinical and clinical studies that have investigated the effects of Quercetin on MS disease to evaluate its potential utility as a complementary therapy in MS. Quercetin treatment in MS disease not only protects the CNS against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, but it also declines the demyelination process and promotes remyelination potential. The present study clarifies the reported knowledge on the beneficial effects of Quercetin against MS, with future implication as a neuroprotective complementary therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Javanbakht
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzane Rezaei Yazdi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Taghizadeh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Khadivi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hatef Ghasemi Hamidabadi
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Iraj Ragerdi Kashani
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Zarini
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Mojaverrostami
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Li W, Wu M, Li Y, Shen J. Reactive nitrogen species as therapeutic targets for autophagy/mitophagy modulation to relieve neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis: Potential application for drug discovery. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:37-51. [PMID: 37532065 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disease with limited therapeutic effects, eventually developing into handicap. Seeking novel therapeutic strategies for MS is timely important. Active autophagy/mitophagy could mediate neurodegeneration, while its roles in MS remain controversial. To elucidate the exact roles of autophagy/mitophagy and reveal its in-depth regulatory mechanisms, we conduct a systematic literature study and analyze the factors that might be responsible for divergent results obtained. The dynamic change levels of autophagy/mitophagy appear to be a determining factor for final neuron fate during MS pathology. Excessive neuronal autophagy/mitophagy contributes to neurodegeneration after disease onset at the active MS phase. Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) serve as key regulators for redox-related modifications and participate in autophagy/mitophagy modulation in MS. Nitric oxide (•NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-), two representative RNS, could nitrate or nitrosate Drp1/parkin/PINK1 pathway, activating excessive mitophagy and aggravating neuronal injury. Targeting RNS-mediated excessive autophagy/mitophagy could be a promising strategy for developing novel anti-MS drugs. In this review, we highlight the important roles of RNS-mediated autophagy/mitophagy in neuronal injury and review the potential therapeutic compounds with the bioactivities of inhibiting RNS-mediated autophagy/mitophagy activation and attenuating MS progression. Overall, we conclude that reactive nitrogen species could be promising therapeutic targets to regulate autophagy/mitophagy for multiple sclerosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Meiling Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yuzhen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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10
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Suhail H, Nematullah M, Rashid F, Sajad M, Fatma M, Singh J, Zahoor I, Cheung WL, Tiwari N, Ayasolla K, Kumar A, Hoda N, Rattan R, Giri S. An early glycolysis burst in microglia regulates mitochondrial dysfunction in oligodendrocytes under neuroinflammation. iScience 2023; 26:107921. [PMID: 37841597 PMCID: PMC10568429 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism and energy processes governing oligodendrocyte function during neuroinflammatory disease are of great interest. However, how varied cellular environments affect oligodendrocyte activity during neuroinflammation is unknown. We demonstrate that activated microglial energy metabolism controls oligodendrocyte mitochondrial respiration and activity. Lipopolysaccharide/interferon gamma promote glycolysis and decrease mitochondrial respiration and myelin protein synthesis in rat brain glial cells. Enriched microglia showed an early burst in glycolysis. In microglia-conditioned medium, oligodendrocytes did not respire and expressed less myelin. SCENITH revealed metabolic derangement in microglia and O4-positive oligodendrocytes in endotoxemia and experimental autoimmune encephalitogenic models. The early burst of glycolysis in microglia was mediated by PDPK1 and protein kinase B/AKT signaling. We found that microglia-produced NO and itaconate, a tricarboxylic acid bifurcated metabolite, reduced mitochondrial respiration in oligodendrocytes. During inflammation, we discovered a signaling pathway in microglia that could be used as a therapeutic target to restore mitochondrial function in oligodendrocytes and induce remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Suhail
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | | | - Faraz Rashid
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Mir Sajad
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Mena Fatma
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Jaspreet Singh
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Insha Zahoor
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Wing Lee Cheung
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Nivedita Tiwari
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Kameshwar Ayasolla
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Ophthalmology/Kresge Eye Institute, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Nasrul Hoda
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Ramandeep Rattan
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Shailendra Giri
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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11
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Narine M, Azmi MA, Umali M, Volz A, Colognato H. The AMPK activator metformin improves recovery from demyelination by shifting oligodendrocyte bioenergetics and accelerating OPC differentiation. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1254303. [PMID: 37904733 PMCID: PMC10613472 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1254303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease characterized by immune-mediated destruction of myelinating oligodendroglia in the central nervous system. Loss of myelin leads to neurological dysfunction and, if myelin repair fails, neurodegeneration of the denuded axons. Virtually all treatments for MS act by suppressing immune function, but do not alter myelin repair outcomes or long-term disability. Excitingly, the diabetes drug metformin, a potent activator of the cellular "energy sensor" AMPK complex, has recently been reported to enhance recovery from demyelination. In aged mice, metformin can restore responsiveness of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) to pro-differentiation cues, enhancing their ability to differentiate and thus repair myelin. However, metformin's influence on young oligodendroglia remains poorly understood. Here we investigated metformin's effect on the temporal dynamics of differentiation and metabolism in young, healthy oligodendroglia and in oligodendroglia following myelin damage in young adult mice. Our findings reveal that metformin accelerates early stages of myelin repair following cuprizone-induced myelin damage. Metformin treatment of both isolated OPCs and oligodendrocytes altered cellular bioenergetics, but in distinct ways, suppressing oxidative phosphorylation and enhancing glycolysis in OPCs, but enhancing oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis in both immature and mature oligodendrocytes. In addition, metformin accelerated the differentiation of OPCs to oligodendrocytes in an AMPK-dependent manner that was also dependent on metformin's ability to modulate cell metabolism. In summary, metformin dramatically alters metabolism and accelerates oligodendroglial differentiation both in health and following myelin damage. This finding broadens our knowledge of metformin's potential to promote myelin repair in MS and in other diseases with myelin loss or altered myelination dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanlall Narine
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Program in Neurosciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Maryam A. Azmi
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Martin Umali
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Ashley Volz
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Holly Colognato
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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12
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Walther J, Kirsch EM, Hellwig L, Schmerbeck SS, Holloway PM, Buchan AM, Mergenthaler P. Reinventing the Penumbra - the Emerging Clockwork of a Multi-modal Mechanistic Paradigm. Transl Stroke Res 2023; 14:643-666. [PMID: 36219377 PMCID: PMC10444697 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The concept of the ischemic penumbra was originally defined as the area around a necrotic stroke core and seen as the tissue at imminent risk of further damage. Today, the penumbra is generally considered as time-sensitive hypoperfused brain tissue with decreased oxygen and glucose availability, salvageable tissue as treated by intervention, and the potential target for neuroprotection in focal stroke. The original concept entailed electrical failure and potassium release but one short of neuronal cell death and was based on experimental stroke models, later confirmed in clinical imaging studies. However, even though the basic mechanisms have translated well, conferring brain protection, and improving neurological outcome after stroke based on the pathophysiological mechanisms in the penumbra has yet to be achieved. Recent findings shape the modern understanding of the penumbra revealing a plethora of molecular and cellular pathophysiological mechanisms. We now propose a new model of the penumbra, one which we hope will lay the foundation for future translational success. We focus on the availability of glucose, the brain's central source of energy, and bioenergetic failure as core pathophysiological concepts. We discuss the relation of mitochondrial function in different cell types to bioenergetics and apoptotic cell death mechanisms, autophagy, and neuroinflammation, to glucose metabolism in what is a dynamic ischemic penumbra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Walther
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elena Marie Kirsch
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lina Hellwig
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah S Schmerbeck
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul M Holloway
- Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Alastair M Buchan
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
| | - Philipp Mergenthaler
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
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13
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Yao L, Bojic D, Liu M. Applications and safety of gold nanoparticles as therapeutic devices in clinical trials. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:960-967. [PMID: 37842655 PMCID: PMC10568098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Use of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in medicine is an emerging field of translational research with vast clinical implications and exciting therapeutic potential. However, the safety of using GNPs in human subjects is an important question that remains unanswered. This study reviews over 20 clinical trials focused on GNP safety and aims to summarize all the clinical studies, completed and ongoing, to identify whether GNPs are safe to use in humans as a therapeutic platform. In these studies, GNPs were implemented as drug delivery devices, for photothermal therapy, and utilized for their intrinsic therapeutic effects by various routes of delivery. These studies revealed no major safety concerns with the use of GNPs; however, the number of trials and total patient number remains limited. Multi-dose, multi-center blinded trials are required to deepen our understanding of the use of GNPs in clinical settings to facilitate translation of this novel, multifaceted therapeutic device. Expanding clinical trials will require collaboration between clinicians, scientists, and biotechnology companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leeann Yao
- Latner Thoracic Surgical Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Dejan Bojic
- Latner Thoracic Surgical Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgical Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Medicine and Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
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14
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López-Muguruza E, Matute C. Alterations of Oligodendrocyte and Myelin Energy Metabolism in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12912. [PMID: 37629092 PMCID: PMC10454078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by demyelination and neurodegeneration. Oligodendrocytes play a vital role in maintaining the integrity of myelin, the protective sheath around nerve fibres essential for efficient signal transmission. However, in MS, oligodendrocytes become dysfunctional, leading to myelin damage and axonal degeneration. Emerging evidence suggests that metabolic changes, including mitochondrial dysfunction and alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism, contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of MS. Mitochondrial dysfunction is observed in both immune cells and oligodendrocytes within the CNS of MS patients. Impaired mitochondrial function leads to energy deficits, affecting crucial processes such as impulse transmission and axonal transport, ultimately contributing to neurodegeneration. Moreover, mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), exacerbating myelin damage and inflammation. Altered glucose metabolism affects the energy supply required for oligodendrocyte function and myelin synthesis. Dysregulated lipid metabolism results in changes to the composition of myelin, affecting its stability and integrity. Importantly, low levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids in MS are associated with upregulated lipid metabolism and enhanced glucose catabolism. Understanding the intricate relationship between these mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapies to preserve myelin and promote neurological recovery in individuals with MS. Addressing these metabolic aspects may offer new insights into potential therapeutic strategies to halt disease progression and improve the quality of life for MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eneritz López-Muguruza
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Matute
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Atkinson KC, Osunde M, Tiwari-Woodruff SK. The complexities of investigating mitochondria dynamics in multiple sclerosis and mouse models of MS. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1144896. [PMID: 37559701 PMCID: PMC10409489 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1144896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating, degenerating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that is accompanied by mitochondria energy production failure. A loss of myelin paired with a deficit in energy production can contribute to further neurodegeneration and disability in patients in MS. Mitochondria are essential organelles that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via oxidative phosphorylation in all cells in the CNS, including neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and immune cells. In the context of demyelinating diseases, mitochondria have been shown to alter their morphology and undergo an initial increase in metabolic demand. This is followed by mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency and abnormalities in mitochondrial transport that contribute to progressive neurodegeneration and irreversible disability. The current methodologies to study mitochondria are limiting and are capable of providing only a partial snapshot of the true mitochondria activity at a particular timepoint during disease. Mitochondrial functional studies are mostly performed in cell culture or whole brain tissue, which prevents understanding of mitochondrial pathology in distinct cell types in vivo. A true understanding of cell-specific mitochondrial pathophysiology of MS in mouse models is required. Cell-specific mitochondria morphology, mitochondria motility, and ATP production studies in animal models of MS will help us understand the role of mitochondria in the normal and diseased CNS. In this review, we present currently used methods to investigate mitochondria function in MS mouse models and discuss the current advantages and caveats with using each technique. In addition, we present recently developed mitochondria transgenic mouse lines expressing Cre under the control of CNS specific promoters to relate mitochondria to disease in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seema K. Tiwari-Woodruff
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
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16
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Fernandes MGF, Mohammadnia A, Pernin F, Schmitz-Gielsdorf LE, Hodgins C, Cui QL, Yaqubi M, Blain M, Hall J, Dudley R, Srour M, Zandee SEJ, Klement W, Prat A, Stratton JA, Rodriguez M, Kuhlmann T, Moore W, Kennedy TE, Antel JP. Mechanisms of metabolic stress induced cell death of human oligodendrocytes: relevance for progressive multiple sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:108. [PMID: 37408029 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01601-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte (OL) injury and loss are central features of evolving lesions in multiple sclerosis. Potential causative mechanisms of OL loss include metabolic stress within the lesion microenvironment. Here we use the injury response of primary human OLs (hOLs) to metabolic stress (reduced glucose/nutrients) in vitro to help define the basis for the in situ features of OLs in cases of MS. Under metabolic stress in vitro, we detected reduction in ATP levels per cell that precede changes in survival. Autophagy was initially activated, although ATP levels were not altered by inhibitors (chloroquine) or activators (Torin-1). Prolonged stress resulted in autophagy failure, documented by non-fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. Consistent with our in vitro results, we detected higher expression of LC3, a marker of autophagosomes in OLs, in MS lesions compared to controls. Both in vitro and in situ, we observe a reduction in nuclear size of remaining OLs. Prolonged stress resulted in increased ROS and cleavage of spectrin, a target of Ca2+-dependent proteases. Cell death was however not prevented by inhibitors of ferroptosis or MPT-driven necrosis, the regulated cell death (RCD) pathways most likely to be activated by metabolic stress. hOLs have decreased expression of VDAC1, VDAC2, and of genes regulating iron accumulation and cyclophilin. RNA sequencing analyses did not identify activation of these RCD pathways in vitro or in MS cases. We conclude that this distinct response of hOLs, including resistance to RCD, reflects the combined impact of autophagy failure, increased ROS, and calcium influx, resulting in metabolic collapse and degeneration of cellular structural integrity. Defining the basis of OL injury and death provides guidance for development of neuro-protective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Guilherme Forestieri Fernandes
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Abdulshakour Mohammadnia
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Florian Pernin
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | | | - Caroline Hodgins
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Qiao-Ling Cui
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Moein Yaqubi
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Manon Blain
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Jeffery Hall
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University Health Centre, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Roy Dudley
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Montreal Children's Hospital, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Myriam Srour
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Montreal Children's Hospital, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Stephanie E J Zandee
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger- Gaudry, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Wendy Klement
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger- Gaudry, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger- Gaudry, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Jo Anne Stratton
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Moses Rodriguez
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Foundation, 1216 2nd St SW, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA
| | - Tanja Kuhlmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Wayne Moore
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Timothy E Kennedy
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Jack P Antel
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
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17
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Yi C, Verkhratsky A, Niu J. Pathological potential of oligodendrocyte precursor cells: terra incognita. Trends Neurosci 2023:S0166-2236(23)00103-0. [PMID: 37183154 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Adult oligodendrocyte precursor cells (aOPCs), transformed from fetal OPCs, are idiosyncratic neuroglia of the central nervous system (CNS) that are distinct in many ways from other glial cells. OPCs have been classically studied in the context of their remyelinating capacity. Recent studies, however, revealed that aOPCs not only contribute to post-lesional remyelination but also play diverse crucial roles in multiple neurological diseases. In this review we briefly present the physiology of aOPCs and summarize current knowledge of the beneficial and detrimental roles of aOPCs in different CNS diseases. We discuss unique features of aOPC death, reactivity, and changes during senescence, as well as aOPC interactions with other glial cells and pathological remodeling during disease. Finally, we outline future perspectives for the study of aOPCs in brain pathologies which may instigate the development of aOPC-targeting therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenju Yi
- Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Active Substance Screening and Translational Research, Shenzhen 518107, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Achucarro Centre for Neuroscience, Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), Bilbao 48011, Spain; Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-01102 Vilnius, Lithuania; Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Jianqin Niu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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18
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Glial Cell Metabolic Profile Upon Iron Deficiency: Oligodendroglial and Astroglial Casualties of Bioenergetic Adjustments. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1949-1963. [PMID: 36595194 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03149-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) represents one of the most prevalent nutritional deficits, affecting almost two billion people worldwide. Gestational iron deprivation induces hypomyelination due to oligodendroglial maturation deficiencies and is thus a useful experimental model to analyze oligodendrocyte (OLG) requirements to progress to a mature myelinating state. A previous proteomic study in the adult ID brain by our group demonstrated a pattern of dysregulated proteins involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and mitochondrial dysfunction. The aim of the present report was to assess bioenergetics metabolism in primary cultures of OLGs and astrocytes (ASTs) from control and ID newborns, on the hypothesis that the regulation of cell metabolism correlates with cell maturation. Oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rates were measured using a Seahorse extracellular flux analyzer. ID OLGs and ASTs both exhibited decreased spare respiratory capacity, which indicates that ID effectively induces mitochondrial dysfunction. A decrease in glycogen granules was observed in ID ASTs, and an increase in ROS production was detected in ID OLGs. Immunolabeling of structural proteins showed that mitochondrial number and size were increased in ID OLGs, while an increased number of smaller mitochondria was observed in ID ASTs. These results reflect an unfavorable bioenergetic scenario in which ID OLGs fail to progress to a myelinating state, and indicate that the regulation of cell metabolism may impact cell fate decisions and maturation.
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19
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Gil M, Gama V. Emerging mitochondrial-mediated mechanisms involved in oligodendrocyte development. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:354-366. [PMID: 36461887 PMCID: PMC9851982 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating glia of the central nervous system and are generated after oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) transition into pre-oligodendrocytes and then into myelinating oligodendrocytes. Myelin is essential for proper signal transmission within the nervous system and axonal metabolic support. Although the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that support the differentiation, survival, integration, and subsequent myelination of appropriate axons have been well investigated, little is known about how mitochondria-related pathways such as mitochondrial dynamics, bioenergetics, and apoptosis finely tune these developmental events. Previous findings suggest that changes to mitochondrial morphology act as an upstream regulatory mechanism of neural stem cell (NSC) fate decisions. Whether a similar mechanism is engaged during OPC differentiation has yet to be elucidated. Maintenance of mitochondrial dynamics is vital for regulating cellular bioenergetics, functional mitochondrial networks, and the ability of cells to distribute mitochondria to subcellular locations, such as the growing processes of oligodendrocytes. Myelination is an energy-consuming event, thus, understanding the interplay between mitochondrial dynamics, metabolism, and apoptosis will provide further insight into mechanisms that mediate oligodendrocyte development in healthy and disease states. Here we will provide a concise overview of oligodendrocyte development and discuss the potential contribution of mitochondrial mitochondrial-mediated mechanisms to oligodendrocyte bioenergetics and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gil
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - V Gama
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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20
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Locatelli G, Marques-Ferreira F, Katsoulas A, Kalaitzaki V, Krueger M, Ingold-Heppner B, Walthert S, Sankowski R, Prazeres da Costa O, Dolga A, Huber M, Gold M, Culmsee C, Waisman A, Bechmann I, Milchevskaya V, Prinz M, Tresch A, Becher B, Buch T. IGF1R expression by adult oligodendrocytes is not required in the steady-state but supports neuroinflammation. Glia 2023; 71:616-632. [PMID: 36394300 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the central nervous system (CNS), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) regulates myelination by oligodendrocyte (ODC) precursor cells and shows anti-apoptotic properties in neuronal cells in different in vitro and in vivo systems. Previous work also suggests that IGF-1 protects ODCs from cell death and enhances remyelination in models of toxin-induced and autoimmune demyelination. However, since evidence remains controversial, the therapeutic potential of IGF-1 in demyelinating CNS conditions is unclear. To finally shed light on the function of IGF1-signaling for ODCs, we deleted insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) specifically in mature ODCs of the mouse. We found that ODC survival and myelin status were unaffected by the absence of IGF1R until 15 months of age, indicating that IGF-1 signaling does not play a major role in post-mitotic ODCs during homeostasis. Notably, the absence of IGF1R did neither affect ODC survival nor myelin status upon cuprizone intoxication or induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), models for toxic and autoimmune demyelination, respectively. Surprisingly, however, the absence of IGF1R from ODCs protected against clinical neuroinflammation in the EAE model. Together, our data indicate that IGF-1 signaling is not required for the function and survival of mature ODCs in steady-state and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Locatelli
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich.,Theodor Kocher Institute, University Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Antonis Katsoulas
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, Zurich
| | | | - Martin Krueger
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Barbara Ingold-Heppner
- Institute of Pathology, Campus Mitte, Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Roman Sankowski
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Olivia Prazeres da Costa
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Amalia Dolga
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Magdalena Huber
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Maike Gold
- Department of Neurology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Bechmann
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vladislava Milchevskaya
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Achim Tresch
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Burkhard Becher
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich
| | - Thorsten Buch
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich.,Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, Zurich.,Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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21
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Molina-Gonzalez I, Miron VE, Antel JP. Chronic oligodendrocyte injury in central nervous system pathologies. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1274. [PMID: 36402839 PMCID: PMC9675815 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04248-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelin, the membrane surrounding neuronal axons, is critical for central nervous system (CNS) function. Injury to myelin-forming oligodendrocytes (OL) in chronic neurological diseases (e.g. multiple sclerosis) ranges from sublethal to lethal, leading to OL dysfunction and myelin pathology, and consequent deleterious impacts on axonal health that drive clinical impairments. This is regulated by intrinsic factors such as heterogeneity and age, and extrinsic cellular and molecular interactions. Here, we discuss the responses of OLs to injury, and perspectives for therapeutic targeting. We put forward that targeting mature OL health in neurological disease is a promising therapeutic strategy to support CNS function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Molina-Gonzalez
- grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute at The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland UK ,grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Chancellor’s Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland UK ,grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland UK
| | - Veronique E. Miron
- grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute at The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland UK ,grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Chancellor’s Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland UK ,grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland UK ,grid.415502.7Barlo Multiple Sclerosis Centre and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jack P. Antel
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
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22
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Hametner S, Silvaieh S, Thurnher M, Dal-Bianco A, Cetin H, Ponleitner M, Zebenholzer K, Pemp B, Trattnig S, Rössler K, Berger T, Lassmann H, Hainfellner JA, Bsteh G. A case of primary optic pathway demyelination caused by oncocytic oligodendrogliopathy of unknown origin. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2022; 10:160. [DOI: 10.1186/s40478-022-01462-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractWe report the case of a 22-year-old woman presenting with an acute onset of dizziness, gait dysbalance and blurred vision. Magnetic resonance imaging included 3 Tesla and 7 Tesla imaging and revealed a T2-hyperintense, T1-hypointense, non-contrast-enhancing lesion strictly confined to the white matter affecting the right optic radiation. An extensive ophthalmologic examination yielded mild quadrantanopia but no signs of optic neuropathy. The lesion was biopsied. The neuropathological evaluation revealed a demyelinating lesion with marked tissue vacuolization and granular myelin disintegration accompanied by mild T cell infiltration and a notable absence of myelin uptake by macrophages. Oligodendrocytes were strikingly enlarged, displaying oncocytic characteristics and showed cytoplasmic accumulation of mitochondria, which had mildly abnormal morphology on electron microscopy. The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis was excluded. Harding's disease, a variant of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, was then suspected. However, neither PCR for relevant mutations nor whole exome sequencing yielded known pathogenetic mutations in the patient's genome. We present a pattern of demyelinating tissue injury of unknown etiology with an oncocytic change of oligodendrocytes and a lack of adequate phagocytic response by macrophages, which to the best of our knowledge, has not been described before.
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23
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Titus HE, Xu H, Robinson AP, Patel PA, Chen Y, Fantini D, Eaton V, Karl M, Garrison ED, Rose IVL, Chiang MY, Podojil JR, Balabanov R, Liddelow SA, Miller RH, Popko B, Miller SD. Repurposing the cardiac glycoside digoxin to stimulate myelin regeneration in chemically-induced and immune-mediated mouse models of multiple sclerosis. Glia 2022; 70:1950-1970. [PMID: 35809238 PMCID: PMC9378523 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. The ideal MS therapy would both specifically inhibit the underlying autoimmune response and promote repair/regeneration of myelin as well as maintenance of axonal integrity. Currently approved MS therapies consist of non-specific immunosuppressive molecules/antibodies which block activation or CNS homing of autoreactive T cells, but there are no approved therapies for stimulation of remyelination nor maintenance of axonal integrity. In an effort to repurpose an FDA-approved medication for myelin repair, we chose to examine the effectiveness of digoxin, a cardiac glycoside (Na+ /K+ ATPase inhibitor), originally identified as pro-myelinating in an in vitro screen. We found that digoxin regulated multiple genes in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) essential for oligodendrocyte (OL) differentiation in vitro, promoted OL differentiation both in vitro and in vivo in female naïve C57BL/6J (B6) mice, and stimulated recovery of myelinated axons in B6 mice following demyelination in the corpus callosum induced by cuprizone and spinal cord demyelination induced by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), respectively. More relevant to treatment of MS, we show that digoxin treatment of mice with established MOG35-55 -induced Th1/Th17-mediated chronic EAE combined with tolerance induced by the i.v. infusion of biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles coupled with MOG35-55 (PLG-MOG35-55 ) completely ameliorated clinical disease symptoms and stimulated recovery of OL lineage cell numbers. These findings provide critical pre-clinical evidence supporting future clinical trials of myelin-specific tolerance with myelin repair/regeneration drugs, such as digoxin, in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley E. Titus
- Department of Microbiology‐Immunology and the Interdepartmental Immunobiology CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Huan Xu
- NeurologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Andrew P. Robinson
- Department of Microbiology‐Immunology and the Interdepartmental Immunobiology CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Priyam A. Patel
- Quantitative Data Science Core Center for Genetic MedicineNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Yanan Chen
- NeurologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Damiano Fantini
- UrologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Valerie Eaton
- Department of Microbiology‐Immunology and the Interdepartmental Immunobiology CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Molly Karl
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyThe George Washington University School of Medicine and Health SciencesWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Eric D. Garrison
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyThe George Washington University School of Medicine and Health SciencesWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Indigo V. L. Rose
- Neuroscience Institute and Departments of Neuroscience, & Physiology, and OphthalmologyNew York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Ming Yi Chiang
- Department of Microbiology‐Immunology and the Interdepartmental Immunobiology CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Joseph R. Podojil
- Department of Microbiology‐Immunology and the Interdepartmental Immunobiology CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Cour Pharmaceutical Development CompanyNorthbrookIllinoisUSA
| | - Roumen Balabanov
- NeurologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Shane A. Liddelow
- Neuroscience Institute and Departments of Neuroscience, & Physiology, and OphthalmologyNew York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Robert H. Miller
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyThe George Washington University School of Medicine and Health SciencesWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Brian Popko
- NeurologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Stephen D. Miller
- Department of Microbiology‐Immunology and the Interdepartmental Immunobiology CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
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24
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Pro-Inflammatory and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of the Non-Protein Amino Acid L-Azetidine-2-Carboxylic Acid in BV2 Microglial Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4500-4516. [PMID: 36286023 PMCID: PMC9600089 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44100308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (AZE) is a toxic non-protein coding amino acid (npAA) that is highly abundant in sugar and table beets. Due to its structural similarity with the amino acid L-proline, AZE can evade the editing process during protein assembly in eukaryotic cells and be misincorporated into L-proline-rich proteins, potentially causing protein misfolding and other detrimental effects to cells. In this study, we sought to determine if AZE treatment triggered pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic responses in BV2 microglial cells. BV2 microglial cells exposed to AZE at increasing concentrations (0−2000 µM) at 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h were assayed for cell viability (MTT) and nitric oxide release (Griess assay). Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) staining was used to assess apoptosis. Real-time qPCR, Western blot and immunocytochemistry were used to interrogate relevant pro- and anti-inflammatory and other molecular targets of cell survival response. AZE (at concentrations > 1000 µM) significantly reduced cell viability, increased BAX/Bcl2 ratio and caused cell death. Results were mirrored by a robust increase in nitric oxide release, percentage of activated/polarised cells and expression of pro-inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, NOS2, CD68 and MHC-2a). Additionally, we found that AZE induced the expression of the extracellular matrix degrading enzyme matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), two critical regulators of microglial motility and structural plasticity. Collectively, these data indicate that AZE-induced toxicity is associated with increased pro-inflammatory activity and reduced survival in BV2 microglia. This evidence may prompt for an increased monitoring of AZE consumption by humans.
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25
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Marangon D, Audano M, Pedretti S, Fumagalli M, Mitro N, Lecca D, Caruso D, Abbracchio MP. Rewiring of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Induced by G Protein-Coupled Receptor 17 Silencing Enables the Transition of Oligodendrocyte Progenitors to Myelinating Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152369. [PMID: 35954217 PMCID: PMC9368002 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the mature central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocytes (OLs) provide support and insulation to axons thanks to the production of a myelin sheath. During their maturation to myelinating cells, OLs require energy and building blocks for lipids, which implies a great investment of energy fuels and molecular sources of carbon. The oligodendroglial G protein-coupled receptor 17 (GPR17) has emerged as a key player in OL maturation; it reaches maximal expression in pre-OLs, but then it has to be internalized to allow terminal maturation. In this study, we aim at elucidating the role of physiological GPR17 downregulation in OL metabolism by applying transcriptomics, metabolomics and lipidomics on differentiating OLs. After GPR17 silencing, we found a significant increase in mature OL markers and alteration of several genes involved in glucose metabolism and lipid biosynthesis. We also observed an increased release of lactate, which is partially responsible for the maturation boost induced by GPR17 downregulation. Concomitantly, GPR17 depletion also changed the kinetics of specific myelin lipid classes. Globally, this study unveils a functional link between GPR17 expression, lactate release and myelin composition, and suggests that innovative interventions targeting GPR17 may help to foster endogenous myelination in demyelinating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Marangon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Matteo Audano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.A.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (N.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Silvia Pedretti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.A.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (N.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Marta Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.A.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (N.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Nico Mitro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.A.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (N.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Davide Lecca
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.A.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (N.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Maria P. Abbracchio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (D.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-5031-8304
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26
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Liu C, Lu Y, Chen J, Qiu W, Zhan Y, Liu Z. Basal metabolic rate and risk of multiple sclerosis: a Mendelian randomization study. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1855-1861. [PMID: 35543713 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00973-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
To determine the relationship between basal metabolic rate (BMR) and multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility, we analyzed genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics data from the International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium on a total of 115,803 participants of European descent, including 47,429 patients with MS and 68,374 controls. We selected 378 independent genetic variants strongly associated with BMR in a GWAS involving 454,874 participants as instrumental variables to examine a potential causal relationship between BMR and MS. A genetically predicted higher BMR was associated with a greater risk of MS (odds ratio [OR]: 1.283 per one standard deviation increase in BMR, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.108-1.486, P = 0.001). Moreover, we used the lasso method to eliminate heterogeneity (Q statistic = 384.58, P = 0.370). There was no pleiotropy in our study and no bias was found in the sensitivity analysis using the leave-one-out test. We provide novel evidence that a higher BMR is an independent causal risk factor in the development of MS. Further work is warranted to elucidate the potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaxin Lu
- Clinical Data Centre, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Clinical Data Centre, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqiang Zhan
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17 177, Stockholm, Sweden.
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 89 081, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Zifeng Liu
- Clinical Data Centre, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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27
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Bierhansl L, Hartung HP, Aktas O, Ruck T, Roden M, Meuth SG. Thinking outside the box: non-canonical targets in multiple sclerosis. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2022; 21:578-600. [PMID: 35668103 PMCID: PMC9169033 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system that causes demyelination, axonal degeneration and astrogliosis, resulting in progressive neurological disability. Fuelled by an evolving understanding of MS immunopathogenesis, the range of available immunotherapies for clinical use has expanded over the past two decades. However, MS remains an incurable disease and even targeted immunotherapies often fail to control insidious disease progression, indicating the need for new and exceptional therapeutic options beyond the established immunological landscape. In this Review, we highlight such non-canonical targets in preclinical MS research with a focus on five highly promising areas: oligodendrocytes; the blood-brain barrier; metabolites and cellular metabolism; the coagulation system; and tolerance induction. Recent findings in these areas may guide the field towards novel targets for future therapeutic approaches in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bierhansl
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Orhan Aktas
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Ruck
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center of Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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28
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Zha Z, Liu S, Liu Y, Li C, Wang L. Potential Utility of Natural Products against Oxidative Stress in Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081495. [PMID: 36009214 PMCID: PMC9404913 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by immune cell infiltration, demyelination and axonal injury. Oxidative stress-induced inflammatory response, especially the destructive effect of immune cell-derived free radicals on neurons and oligodendrocytes, is crucial in the onset and progression of MS. Therefore, targeting oxidative stress-related processes may be a promising preventive and therapeutic strategy for MS. Animal models, especially rodent models, can be used to explore the in vivo molecular mechanisms of MS considering their similarity to the pathological processes and clinical signs of MS in humans and the significant oxidative damage observed within their CNS. Consequently, these models have been used widely in pre-clinical studies of oxidative stress in MS. To date, many natural products have been shown to exert antioxidant effects to attenuate the CNS damage in animal models of MS. This review summarized several common rodent models of MS and their association with oxidative stress. In addition, this review provides a comprehensive and concise overview of previously reported natural antioxidant products in inhibiting the progression of MS.
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29
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Steudler J, Ecott T, Ivan DC, Bouillet E, Walthert S, Berve K, Dick TP, Engelhardt B, Locatelli G. Autoimmune neuroinflammation triggers mitochondrial oxidation in oligodendrocytes. Glia 2022; 70:2045-2061. [PMID: 35762739 PMCID: PMC9546135 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes (ODCs) are myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS) supporting neuronal survival. Oxidants and mitochondrial dysfunction have been suggested as the main causes of ODC damage during neuroinflammation as observed in multiple sclerosis (MS). Nonetheless, the dynamics of this process remain unclear, thus hindering the design of neuroprotective therapeutic strategies. To decipher the spatio-temporal pattern of oxidative damage and dysfunction of ODC mitochondria in vivo, we created a novel mouse model in which ODCs selectively express the ratiometric H2 O2 biosensor mito-roGFP2-Orp1 allowing for quantification of redox changes in their mitochondria. Using 2-photon imaging of the exposed spinal cord, we observed significant mitochondrial oxidation in ODCs upon induction of the MS model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). This redox change became already apparent during the preclinical phase of EAE prior to CNS infiltration of inflammatory cells. Upon clinical EAE development, mitochondria oxidation remained detectable and was associated with a significant impairment in organelle density and morphology. These alterations correlated with the proximity of ODCs to inflammatory lesions containing activated microglia/macrophages. During the chronic progression of EAE, ODC mitochondria maintained an altered morphology, but their oxidant levels decreased to levels observed in healthy mice. Taken together, our study implicates oxidative stress in ODC mitochondria as a novel pre-clinical sign of MS-like inflammation and demonstrates that evolving redox and morphological changes in mitochondria accompany ODC dysfunction during neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Steudler
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Timothy Ecott
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniela C Ivan
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elisa Bouillet
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Kristina Berve
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tobias P Dick
- Division of Redox Regulation, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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30
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Narine M, Colognato H. Current Insights Into Oligodendrocyte Metabolism and Its Power to Sculpt the Myelin Landscape. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:892968. [PMID: 35573837 PMCID: PMC9097137 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.892968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Once believed to be part of the nervenkitt or “nerve glue” network in the central nervous system (CNS), oligodendroglial cells now have established roles in key neurological functions such as myelination, neuroprotection, and motor learning. More recently, oligodendroglia has become the subject of intense investigations aimed at understanding the contributions of its energetics to CNS physiology and pathology. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of oligodendroglial metabolism in regulating key stages of oligodendroglial development and health, its role in providing energy to neighboring cells such as neurons, as well as how alterations in oligodendroglial bioenergetics contribute to disease states. Importantly, we highlight how certain inputs can regulate oligodendroglial metabolism, including extrinsic and intrinsic mediators of cellular signaling, pharmacological compounds, and even dietary interventions. Lastly, we discuss emerging studies aimed at discovering the therapeutic potential of targeting components within oligodendroglial bioenergetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanlall Narine
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Department of Neurobiology, & Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Holly Colognato
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Holly Colognato
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Jamann H, Cui QL, Desu HL, Pernin F, Tastet O, Halaweh A, Farzam-kia N, Mamane VH, Ouédraogo O, Cleret-Buhot A, Daigneault A, Balthazard R, Klement W, Lemaître F, Arbour N, Antel J, Stratton JA, Larochelle C. Contact-Dependent Granzyme B-Mediated Cytotoxicity of Th17-Polarized Cells Toward Human Oligodendrocytes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:850616. [PMID: 35479072 PMCID: PMC9035748 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.850616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by the loss of myelin and of myelin-producing oligodendrocytes (OLs) in the central nervous system (CNS). Pro-inflammatory CD4+ Th17 cells are considered pathogenic in MS and are harmful to OLs. We investigated the mechanisms driving human CD4+ T cell-mediated OL cell death. Using fluorescent and brightfield in vitro live imaging, we found that compared to Th2-polarized cells, Th17-polarized cells show greater interactions with primary human OLs and human oligodendrocytic cell line MO3.13, displaying longer duration of contact, lower mean speed, and higher rate of vesicle-like structure formation at the sites of contact. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we assessed the transcriptomic profile of primary human OLs and Th17-polarized cells in direct contact or separated by an insert. We showed that upon close interaction, OLs upregulate the expression of mRNA coding for chemokines and antioxidant/anti-apoptotic molecules, while Th17-polarized cells upregulate the expression of mRNA coding for chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17A, IFN-γ, and granzyme B. We found that secretion of CCL3, CXCL10, IFN-γ, TNFα, and granzyme B is induced upon direct contact in cocultures of human Th17-polarized cells with human OLs. In addition, we validated by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence that granzyme B levels are upregulated in Th17-polarized compared to Th2-polarized cells and are even higher in Th17-polarized cells upon direct contact with OLs or MO3.13 cells compared to Th17-polarized cells separated from OLs by an insert. Moreover, granzyme B is detected in OLs and MO3.13 cells following direct contact with Th17-polarized cells, suggesting the release of granzyme B from Th17-polarized cells into OLs/MO3.13 cells. To confirm granzyme B–mediated cytotoxicity toward OLs, we showed that recombinant human granzyme B can induce OLs and MO3.13 cell death. Furthermore, pretreatment of Th17-polarized cells with a reversible granzyme B blocker (Ac-IEPD-CHO) or a natural granzyme B blocker (serpina3N) improved survival of MO3.13 cells upon coculture with Th17 cells. In conclusion, we showed that human Th17-polarized cells form biologically significant contacts with human OLs and exert direct toxicity by releasing granzyme B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Jamann
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Qiao-Ling Cui
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Haritha L. Desu
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Florian Pernin
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Tastet
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Halaweh
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Negar Farzam-kia
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Victoria Hannah Mamane
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Oumarou Ouédraogo
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Aurélie Cleret-Buhot
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Audrey Daigneault
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Renaud Balthazard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Wendy Klement
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Florent Lemaître
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Arbour
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jack Antel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jo Anne Stratton
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Larochelle
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Catherine Larochelle,
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Zhao JW, Wang DX, Ma XR, Dong ZJ, Wu JB, Wang F, Wu Y. Impaired metabolism of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and axons in demyelinated lesion and in the aged CNS. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 64:102205. [PMID: 35344763 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The key pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS) comprises demyelination, axonal damage, and neuronal loss, and when MS develops into the progressive phase it is essentially untreatable. Identifying new targets in both axons and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and rejuvenating the aged OPCs holds promise for this unmet medical need. We summarize here the recent evidence showing that mitochondria in both axons and OPCs are impaired, and lipid metabolism of OPCs within demyelinated lesion and in the aged CNS is disturbed. Given that emerging evidence shows that rewiring cellular metabolism regulates stem cell aging, to protect axons from degeneration and promote differentiation of OPCs, we propose that restoring the impaired metabolism of both OPCs and axons in the aged CNS in a synergistic way could be a promising strategy to enhance remyelination in the aged CNS, leading to novel drug-based approaches to treat the progressive phase of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wei Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, System Medicine Research Center, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Cryo-Electron Microscope Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Di-Xian Wang
- Department of Pathology and Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, System Medicine Research Center, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Ma
- Department of Pathology and Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, System Medicine Research Center, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Dong
- Department of Pathology and Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, System Medicine Research Center, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian-Bin Wu
- Department of Pathology and Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, System Medicine Research Center, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Pathology and Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, System Medicine Research Center, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Pathology and Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, System Medicine Research Center, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Long JY, Wang XJ, Li XY, Kong XH, Yang G, Zhang D, Yang YT, Shi Z, Ma XP. Spinal Microglia and Astrocytes: Two Key Players in Chronic Visceral Pain Pathogenesis. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:545-551. [PMID: 34797501 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03486-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic visceral pain (CVP) is one of the common symptoms of many diseases triggered by underlying diseases of the internal organs of the human body. Its causes include vascular mechanisms, mechanical factors, persistent inflammation, and unexplained functional mechanisms. Although the pathogenesis is unclear, more and more research has begun to shift from the neuronal aspect to the glial cells in recent years. Some data highlight that the spinal glial cells, particularly the microglia and astrocytes, play an essential role in CVP. Based on this, we highlight the mechanisms of microglia and astrocytes in CVP concerning the release of cytokines, chemokines, and neuroactive substances and alterations in intracellular signaling pathways during the process. Finally, because CVP is widespread in various diseases, we present future perspectives targeting microglia and astrocytes for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yi Long
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, No.650 South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xue-Jun Wang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, No.650 South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Li
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, No.650 South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xie-He Kong
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, No.650 South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, No.650 South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, No.650 South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yan-Ting Yang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, No.650 South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Zheng Shi
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, No.650 South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Ma
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, No.650 South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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Vellosillo L, Pascual-Guerra J, Muñoz MP, Rodríguez-Navarro JA, González-Nieto D, Barrio LC, Lobo MDVT, Paíno CL. Oligodendroglia Generated From Adult Rat Adipose Tissue by Direct Cell Conversion. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:741499. [PMID: 35223826 PMCID: PMC8873586 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.741499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Obtaining oligodendroglial cells from dispensable tissues would be of great interest for autologous or immunocompatible cell replacement therapy in demyelinating diseases, as well as for studying myelin-related pathologies or testing therapeutic approaches in culture. We evaluated the feasibility of generating oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) from adult rat adipose tissue by expressing genes encoding transcription factors involved in oligodendroglial development. Adipose-derived mesenchymal cells were lentivirally transduced with tetracycline-inducible Sox10, Olig2, Zfp536, and/or Nkx6.1 transgenes. Immunostaining with the OPC-specific O4 monoclonal antibody was used to mark oligodendroglial induction. O4- and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG)-positive cells emerged after 3 weeks when using the Sox10 + Olig2 + Zfp536 combination, followed in the ensuing weeks by GFAP-, O1 antigen-, p75NTR (low-affinity NGF receptor)-, and myelin proteins-positive cells. The O4+ cell population progressively expanded, eventually constituting more than 70% of cells in culture by 5 months. Sox10 transgene expression was essential for generating O4+ cells but was insufficient for inducing a full oligodendroglial phenotype. Converted cells required continuous transgene expression to maintain their glial phenotype. Some vestigial characteristics of mesenchymal cells were maintained after conversion. Growth factor withdrawal and triiodothyronine (T3) supplementation generated mature oligodendroglial phenotypes, while FBS supplementation produced GFAP+- and p75NTR+-rich cultures. Converted cells also showed functional characteristics of neural-derived OPCs, such as the expression of AMPA, NMDA, kainate, and dopaminergic receptors, as well as similar metabolic responses to differentiation-inducing drugs. When co-cultured with rat dorsal root ganglion neurons, the converted cells differentiated and ensheathed multiple axons. We propose that functional oligodendroglia can be efficiently generated from adult rat mesenchymal cells by direct phenotypic conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Vellosillo
- Servicio de Neurobiología-Investigación, IRYCIS, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politécnica, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Pascual-Guerra
- Servicio de Neurobiología-Investigación, IRYCIS, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Paz Muñoz
- Servicio de Neurobiología-Investigación, IRYCIS, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Rodríguez-Navarro
- Servicio de Neurobiología-Investigación, IRYCIS, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Luis Carlos Barrio
- Unidad de Neurología Experimental, IRYCIS, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria del Val Toledo Lobo
- Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, IRYCIS, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Carlos Luis Paíno
- Servicio de Neurobiología-Investigación, IRYCIS, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politécnica, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Carlos Luis Paíno,
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Mayorga-Weber G, Rivera FJ, Castro MA. Neuron-glia (mis)interactions in brain energy metabolism during aging. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:835-854. [PMID: 35085408 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Life expectancy in humans is increasing, resulting in a growing aging population, that is accompanied by an increased disposition to develop cognitive deterioration. Hypometabolism is one of the multiple factors related to inefficient brain function during aging. This review emphasizes the metabolic interactions between glial cells (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia) and neurons, particularly, during aging. Glial cells provide support and protection to neurons allowing adequate synaptic activity. We address metabolic coupling from the expression of transporters, availability of substrates, metabolic pathways, and mitochondrial activity. In aging, the main metabolic exchange machinery is altered with inefficient levels of nutrients and detrimental mitochondrial activity that results in high reactive oxygen species levels and reduced ATP production, generating a highly inflammatory environment that favors deregulated cell death. Here, we provide an overview of the glial-to-neuron mechanisms, from the molecular components to the cell types, emphasizing aging as the crucial risk factor for developing neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Mayorga-Weber
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Francisco J Rivera
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Maite A Castro
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Janelia Research Campus, HHMI, Ashburn, VA, USA
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Li H, Chen Y, Niu J, Yi C. New insights into the immunologic role of oligodendrocyte lineage cells in demyelination diseases. J Biomed Res 2022; 36:343-352. [PMID: 35578762 PMCID: PMC9548433 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.36.20220016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte lineage cells (OL-lineage cells) are a cell population that are crucial for mammalian central nervous system (CNS) myelination. OL-lineage cells go through developmental stages, initially differentiating into oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), before becoming immature oligodendrocytes, then mature oligodendrocytes (OLs). While the main function of cell lineage is in myelin formation, and increasing number of studies have turned to explore the immunological characteristics of these cells. Initially, these studies focused on discovering how OPCs and OLs are affected by the immune system, and then, how these immunological changes influence the myelination process. However, recent studies have uncovered another feature of OL-lineage cells in our immune systems. It would appear that OL-lineage cells also express immunological factors such as cytokines and chemokines in response to immune activation, and the expression of these factors changes under various pathologic conditions. Evidence suggests that OL-lineage cells actually modulate immune functions. Indeed, OL-lineage cells appear to play both "victim" and "agent" in the CNS which raises a number of questions. Here, we summarize immunologic changes in OL-lineage cells and their effects, as well as consider OL-lineage cell changes which influence immune cells under pathological conditions. We also describe some of the underlying mechanisms of these changes and their effects. Finally, we describe several studies which use OL-lineage cells as immunotherapeutic targets for demyelination diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Research Centre, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Research Centre, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jianqin Niu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Jianqin Niu, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Main street, Chongqing 400038, China. Tel: +86-13668016001, E-mail:
| | - Chenju Yi
- Research Centre, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Chenju Yi, Research Centre, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 628 Zhenyuan Road, Guangming (New) District, Shenzhen 518107, China. Tel: +86-13419189905, E-mail:
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Luo JXX, Cui QL, Yaqubi M, Hall JA, Dudley R, Srour M, Addour N, Jamann H, Larochelle C, Blain M, Healy LM, Stratton JA, Sonnen JA, Kennedy TE, Antel JP. Human oligodendrocyte myelination potential; relation to age and differentiation. Ann Neurol 2021; 91:178-191. [PMID: 34952986 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myelin regeneration in the human central nervous system relies on progenitor cells within the tissue parenchyma, with possible contribution from previously myelinating oligodendrocytes. In multiple sclerosis, a demyelinating disorder, variables affecting remyelination efficiency include age, severity of initial injury, and progenitor cell properties. Our aim was to investigate the effects of age and differentiation on the myelination potential of human oligodendrocyte lineage cells. METHODS We derived viable primary oligodendrocyte lineage cells from surgical resections of pediatric and adult brain tissue. Ensheathment capacity using nanofiber assays and transcriptomic profiles from RNA sequencing were compared between A2B5+ antibody-selected progenitors and mature oligodendrocytes (non-selected cells). RESULTS We demonstrate that pediatric progenitor and mature cells ensheathed nanofibers more robustly than did adult progenitor and mature cells respectively. Within both age groups, the percentage of fibers ensheathed and ensheathment length per fiber were greater for A2B5+ progenitors. Gene expression of oligodendrocyte progenitor markers PDGFRA and PTPRZ1 were higher in A2B5+ vs A2B5- cells and in pediatric A2B5+ vs adult A2B5+ cells. p38 MAP kinases and actin cytoskeleton-associated pathways were upregulated in pediatric cells; both have been shown to regulate OL process outgrowth. Significant upregulation of "cell senescence" genes was detected in pediatric samples; this could reflect their role in development and the increased susceptibility of pediatric oligodendrocytes to activating cell death responses to stress. INTERPRETATION Our findings identify specific biological pathways relevant to myelination that are differentially enriched in human pediatric and adult oligodendrocyte lineage cells and suggest potential targets for remyelination enhancing therapies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Xiao Xuan Luo
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Qiao-Ling Cui
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Moein Yaqubi
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Jeffery A Hall
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGill University Health Centre and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Roy Dudley
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Myriam Srour
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Nassima Addour
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Hélène Jamann
- Department of Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Catherine Larochelle
- Department of Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Manon Blain
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Luke M Healy
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Jo Anne Stratton
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Joshua A Sonnen
- Department of Neuropathology, Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Timothy E Kennedy
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Jack P Antel
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
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Cairns J, Vavasour IM, Traboulsee A, Carruthers R, Kolind SH, Li DKB, Moore GRW, Laule C. Diffusely abnormal white matter in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimaging 2021; 32:5-16. [PMID: 34752664 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MRI enables detailed in vivo depiction of multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology. Localized areas of MS damage, commonly referred to as lesions, or plaques, have been a focus of clinical and research MRI studies for over four decades. A nonplaque MRI abnormality which is present in at least 25% of MS patients but has received far less attention is diffusely abnormal white matter (DAWM). DAWM has poorly defined boundaries and a signal intensity that is between normal-appearing white matter and classic lesions on proton density and T2 -weighted images. All clinical phenotypes of MS demonstrate DAWM, including clinically isolated syndrome, where DAWM is associated with higher lesion volume, reduced brain volume, and earlier conversion to MS. Advanced MRI metric abnormalities in DAWM tend to be greater than those in NAWM, but not as severe as focal lesions, with myelin, axons, and water-related changes commonly reported. Histological studies demonstrate a primary lipid abnormality in DAWM, with some axonal damage and lesser involvement of myelin proteins. This review provides an overview of DAWM identification, summarizes in vivo and postmortem observations, and comments on potential pathophysiological mechanisms, which may underlie DAWM in MS. Given the prevalence and potential clinical impact of DAWM, the number of imaging studies focusing on DAWM is insufficient. Characterization of DAWM significance and microstructure would benefit from larger longitudinal and additional quantitative imaging efforts. Revisiting data from previous studies that included proton density and T2 imaging would enable retrospective DAWM identification and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Cairns
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Irene M Vavasour
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Anthony Traboulsee
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Robert Carruthers
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Shannon H Kolind
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - David K B Li
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - G R Wayne Moore
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Cornelia Laule
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Jeffries MA, McLane LE, Khandker L, Mather ML, Evangelou AV, Kantak D, Bourne JN, Macklin WB, Wood TL. mTOR Signaling Regulates Metabolic Function in Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells and Promotes Efficient Brain Remyelination in the Cuprizone Model. J Neurosci 2021; 41:8321-8337. [PMID: 34417330 PMCID: PMC8496195 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1377-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, primary loss of myelin and subsequent neuronal degeneration throughout the CNS impair patient functionality. While the importance of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling during developmental myelination is known, no studies have yet directly examined the function of mTOR signaling specifically in the oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage during remyelination. Here, we conditionally deleted Mtor from adult oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) using Ng2-CreERT in male adult mice to test its function in new OLs responsible for remyelination. During early remyelination after cuprizone-induced demyelination, mice lacking mTOR in adult OPCs had unchanged OL numbers but thinner myelin. Myelin thickness recovered by late-stage repair, suggesting a delay in myelin production when Mtor is deleted from adult OPCs. Surprisingly, loss of mTOR in OPCs had no effect on efficiency of remyelination after lysophosphatidylcholine lesions in either the spinal cord or corpus callosum, suggesting that mTOR signaling functions specifically in a pathway dysregulated by cuprizone to promote remyelination efficiency. We further determined that cuprizone and inhibition of mTOR cooperatively compromise metabolic function in primary rat OLs undergoing differentiation. Together, our results support the conclusion that mTOR signaling in OPCs is required to overcome the metabolic dysfunction in the cuprizone-demyelinated adult brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Impaired remyelination by oligodendrocytes contributes to the progressive pathology in multiple sclerosis, so it is critical to identify mechanisms of improving remyelination. The goal of this study was to examine mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in remyelination. Here, we provide evidence that mTOR signaling promotes efficient remyelination of the brain after cuprizone-mediated demyelination but has no effect on remyelination after lysophosphatidylcholine demyelination in the spinal cord or brain. We also present novel data revealing that mTOR inhibition and cuprizone treatment additively affect the metabolic profile of differentiating oligodendrocytes, supporting a mechanism for the observed remyelination delay. These data suggest that altered metabolic function may underlie failure of remyelination in multiple sclerosis lesions and that mTOR signaling may be of therapeutic potential for promoting remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa A Jeffries
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Lauren E McLane
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Luipa Khandker
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Marie L Mather
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Angelina V Evangelou
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Divyangi Kantak
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Jennifer N Bourne
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Wendy B Macklin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Teresa L Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
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Ravi AK, Muthukrishnan SK. Combination of Probiotics and Natural Compounds to Treat Multiple Sclerosis via Warburg Effect. Adv Pharm Bull 2021; 12:515-523. [PMID: 35935051 PMCID: PMC9348531 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2022.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). It is an auto-immune disorder. Its usual symptoms are unique to each person. In MS lesions vast fractions of pyruvate molecules are instantly transformed into lactate. This reprogramming mechanism of glycolysis is known as the Warburg effect. MS has no efficient treatment yet. Hence, there is a requirement for profitable immunomodulatory agents in MS. Probiotics perform as an immunomodulator because they regulate the host’s immune responses. Its efficacy gets enhanced for an extended period when it combines with prebiotics. In this review, we focus on the metabolic alterations behind the MS lesions via the Warburg effect, and also suggesting, the combined efficacy of prebiotics and probiotics for the effective treatment of MS without side effects. The Warburg effect mechanism intensifies the infiltration of activated T-cells and B-cells into the CNS. It provokes the inflammation process on the myelin sheath. The infiltration of immune cells can be inhibited by the combination therapy of probiotics and prebiotics. By this review, we can recommend that the idea of this combinational therapy can do miracles in the treatment of MS in the future.
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Mitochondria in Myelinating Oligodendrocytes: Slow and Out of Breath? Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11060359. [PMID: 34198810 PMCID: PMC8226700 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11060359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelin is a lipid-rich membrane that wraps around axons and facilitates rapid action potential propagation. In the brain, myelin is synthesized and maintained by oligodendrocytes. These cells have a high metabolic demand that requires mitochondrial ATP production during the process of myelination, but they rely less on mitochondrial respiration after myelination is complete. Mitochondria change in morphology and distribution during oligodendrocyte development. Furthermore, the morphology and dynamic properties of mitochondria in mature oligodendrocytes seem different from any other brain cell. Here, we first give a brief introduction to oligodendrocyte biology and function. We then review the current knowledge on oligodendrocyte metabolism and discuss how the available data on mitochondrial morphology and mobility as well as transcriptome and proteome studies can shed light on the metabolic properties of oligodendrocytes.
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Spaas J, van Veggel L, Schepers M, Tiane A, van Horssen J, Wilson DM, Moya PR, Piccart E, Hellings N, Eijnde BO, Derave W, Schreiber R, Vanmierlo T. Oxidative stress and impaired oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation in neurological disorders. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4615-4637. [PMID: 33751149 PMCID: PMC8195802 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03802-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) account for 5% of the resident parenchymal central nervous system glial cells. OPCs are not only a back-up for the loss of oligodendrocytes that occurs due to brain injury or inflammation-induced demyelination (remyelination) but are also pivotal in plastic processes such as learning and memory (adaptive myelination). OPC differentiation into mature myelinating oligodendrocytes is controlled by a complex transcriptional network and depends on high metabolic and mitochondrial demand. Mounting evidence shows that OPC dysfunction, culminating in the lack of OPC differentiation, mediates the progression of neurodegenerative disorders such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Importantly, neurodegeneration is characterised by oxidative and carbonyl stress, which may primarily affect OPC plasticity due to the high metabolic demand and a limited antioxidant capacity associated with this cell type. The underlying mechanisms of how oxidative/carbonyl stress disrupt OPC differentiation remain enigmatic and a focus of current research efforts. This review proposes a role for oxidative/carbonyl stress in interfering with the transcriptional and metabolic changes required for OPC differentiation. In particular, oligodendrocyte (epi)genetics, cellular defence and repair responses, mitochondrial signalling and respiration, and lipid metabolism represent key mechanisms how oxidative/carbonyl stress may hamper OPC differentiation in neurodegenerative disorders. Understanding how oxidative/carbonyl stress impacts OPC function may pave the way for future OPC-targeted treatment strategies in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Spaas
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt-Pelt, Belgium
- BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieve van Veggel
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt-Pelt, Belgium
- BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division of Translational Neuroscience, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa Schepers
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt-Pelt, Belgium
- BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division of Translational Neuroscience, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Assia Tiane
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt-Pelt, Belgium
- BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division of Translational Neuroscience, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jack van Horssen
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt-Pelt, Belgium
- BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David M Wilson
- BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Pablo R Moya
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Fisiología, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Elisabeth Piccart
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt-Pelt, Belgium
- BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Niels Hellings
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt-Pelt, Belgium
- BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Bert O Eijnde
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt-Pelt, Belgium
- BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, SMRC-Sportsmedical Research Center, BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Wim Derave
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rudy Schreiber
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division of Translational Neuroscience, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Vanmierlo
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt-Pelt, Belgium.
- BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division of Translational Neuroscience, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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43
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The Distribution of GPR17-Expressing Cells Correlates with White Matter Inflammation Status in Brain Tissues of Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094574. [PMID: 33925469 PMCID: PMC8123849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In multiple sclerosis (MS), oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are recruited to the site of injury to remyelinate damaged axons; however, in patients this process is often ineffective due to defects in OPC maturation. The membrane receptor GPR17 timely regulates the early stages of OPC differentiation; however, after reaching its highest levels in immature oligodendrocytes, it has to be downregulated to allow terminal maturation. Since, in several animal models of disease GPR17 is upregulated, the aim of this work was to characterize GPR17 alterations in MS patients. We developed immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence procedures for the detection of GPR17 in human tissues and stained post-mortem MS brain lesions from patients with secondary progressive MS and control subjects. The inflammatory activity in each lesion was evaluated by immunohistochemistry for the myelin protein MOG and the HLA antigen to classify them as active, chronic inactive or chronic active. Hence, we assessed the distribution of GPR17-positive cells in these lesions compared to normal appearing white matter (NAWM) and white matter (WM) of control subjects. Our data have shown a marked increase of GPR17-expressing oligodendroglial cells accumulating at NAWM, in which moderate inflammation was also found. Furthermore, we identified two distinct subpopulations of GPR17-expressing oligodendroglial cells, characterized by either ramified or rounded morphology, that differently populate the WM of healthy controls and MS patients. We concluded that the coordinated presence of GPR17 in OPCs at the lesion sites and inflamed NAWM areas suggests that GPR17 could be exploited to support endogenous remyelination through advanced pharmacological approaches.
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Tepavčević V. Oligodendroglial Energy Metabolism and (re)Myelination. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:238. [PMID: 33805670 PMCID: PMC7998845 DOI: 10.3390/life11030238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) myelin has a crucial role in accelerating the propagation of action potentials and providing trophic support to the axons. Defective myelination and lack of myelin regeneration following demyelination can both lead to axonal pathology and neurodegeneration. Energy deficit has been evoked as an important contributor to various CNS disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Thus, dysregulation of energy homeostasis in oligodendroglia may be an important contributor to myelin dysfunction and lack of repair observed in the disease. This article will focus on energy metabolism pathways in oligodendroglial cells and highlight differences dependent on the maturation stage of the cell. In addition, it will emphasize that the use of alternative energy sources by oligodendroglia may be required to save glucose for functions that cannot be fulfilled by other metabolites, thus ensuring sufficient energy input for both myelin synthesis and trophic support to the axons. Finally, it will point out that neuropathological findings in a subtype of MS lesions likely reflect defective oligodendroglial energy homeostasis in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanja Tepavčević
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country, Parque Cientifico de la UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Edificio Sede, Planta 3, 48940 Leioa, Spain
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45
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Age-related injury responses of human oligodendrocytes to metabolic insults: link to BCL-2 and autophagy pathways. Commun Biol 2021; 4:20. [PMID: 33398046 PMCID: PMC7782481 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01557-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelin destruction and oligodendrocyte (OL) death consequent to metabolic stress is a feature of CNS disorders across the age spectrum. Using cells derived from surgically resected tissue, we demonstrate that young (<age 5) pediatric-aged sample OLs are more resistant to in-vitro metabolic injury than fetal O4+ progenitor cells, but more susceptible to cell death and apoptosis than adult-derived OLs. Pediatric but not adult OLs show measurable levels of TUNEL+ cells, a feature of the fetal cell response. The ratio of anti- vs pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family genes are increased in adult vs pediatric (<age 5) mature OLs and in more mature OL lineage cells. Lysosomal gene expression was increased in adult and pediatric compared to fetal OL lineage cells. Cell death of OLs was increased by inhibiting pro-apoptotic BCL-2 gene and autophagy activity. These distinct age-related injury responses should be considered in designing therapies aimed at reducing myelin injury.
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46
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Gil A, Martín-Montañez E, Valverde N, Lara E, Boraldi F, Claros S, Romero-Zerbo SY, Fernández O, Pavia J, Garcia-Fernandez M. Neuronal Metabolism and Neuroprotection: Neuroprotective Effect of Fingolimod on Menadione-Induced Mitochondrial Damage. Cells 2020; 10:cells10010034. [PMID: 33383658 PMCID: PMC7824129 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Imbalance in the oxidative status in neurons, along with mitochondrial damage, are common characteristics in some neurodegenerative diseases. The maintenance in energy production is crucial to face and recover from oxidative damage, and the preservation of different sources of energy production is essential to preserve neuronal function. Fingolimod phosphate is a drug with neuroprotective and antioxidant actions, used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. This work was performed in a model of oxidative damage on neuronal cell cultures exposed to menadione in the presence or absence of fingolimod phosphate. We studied the mitochondrial function, antioxidant enzymes, protein nitrosylation, and several pathways related with glucose metabolism and glycolytic and pentose phosphate in neuronal cells cultures. Our results showed that menadione produces a decrease in mitochondrial function, an imbalance in antioxidant enzymes, and an increase in nitrosylated proteins with a decrease in glycolysis and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. All these effects were counteracted when fingolimod phosphate was present in the incubation media. These effects were mediated, at least in part, by the interaction of this drug with its specific S1P receptors. These actions would make this drug a potential tool in the treatment of neurodegenerative processes, either to slow progression or alleviate symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gil
- Department of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Malaga University, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (A.G.); (E.M.-M.); (O.F.)
| | - Elisa Martín-Montañez
- Department of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Malaga University, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (A.G.); (E.M.-M.); (O.F.)
- Neuroscience Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga University Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (N.V.); (E.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Nadia Valverde
- Neuroscience Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga University Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (N.V.); (E.L.); (S.C.)
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Malaga University, 29010 Malaga, Spain;
| | - Estrella Lara
- Neuroscience Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga University Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (N.V.); (E.L.); (S.C.)
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Malaga University, 29010 Malaga, Spain;
| | - Federica Boraldi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Silvia Claros
- Neuroscience Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga University Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (N.V.); (E.L.); (S.C.)
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Malaga University, 29010 Malaga, Spain;
| | | | - Oscar Fernández
- Department of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Malaga University, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (A.G.); (E.M.-M.); (O.F.)
- Neuroscience Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga University Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (N.V.); (E.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Jose Pavia
- Department of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Malaga University, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (A.G.); (E.M.-M.); (O.F.)
- Neuroscience Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga University Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (N.V.); (E.L.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (M.G.-F.)
| | - Maria Garcia-Fernandez
- Neuroscience Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga University Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (N.V.); (E.L.); (S.C.)
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Malaga University, 29010 Malaga, Spain;
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (M.G.-F.)
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Zhang X, Wang R, Hu D, Sun X, Fujioka H, Lundberg K, Chan ER, Wang Q, Xu R, Flanagan ME, Pieper AA, Qi X. Oligodendroglial glycolytic stress triggers inflammasome activation and neuropathology in Alzheimer's disease. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/49/eabb8680. [PMID: 33277246 PMCID: PMC7717916 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb8680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Myelin degeneration and white matter loss resulting from oligodendrocyte (OL) death are early events in Alzheimer's disease (AD) that lead to cognitive deficits; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we find that mature OLs in both AD patients and an AD mouse model undergo NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)-dependent Gasdermin D-associated inflammatory injury, concomitant with demyelination and axonal degeneration. The mature OL-specific knockdown of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1; a mitochondrial fission guanosine triphosphatase) abolishes NLRP3 inflammasome activation, corrects myelin loss, and improves cognitive ability in AD mice. Drp1 hyperactivation in mature OLs induces a glycolytic defect in AD models by inhibiting hexokinase 1 (HK1; a mitochondrial enzyme that initiates glycolysis), which triggers NLRP3-associated inflammation. These findings suggest that OL glycolytic deficiency plays a causal role in AD development. The Drp1-HK1-NLRP3 signaling axis may be a key mechanism and therapeutic target for white matter degeneration in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Rihua Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Hisashi Fujioka
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Kathleen Lundberg
- Center for Proteomics and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ernest R Chan
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Quanqiu Wang
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Rong Xu
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Margaret E Flanagan
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Andrew A Pieper
- Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Psychiatry Case Western Reserve University, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Louis Stokes Cleveland VAMC, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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48
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Park SJ, Choi JW. Brain energy metabolism and multiple sclerosis: progress and prospects. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:1017-1030. [PMID: 33119885 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01278-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease accompanied with nerve pain and paralysis. Although various pathogenic causes of MS have been suggested, including genetic and environmental factors, how MS occurs remains unclear. Moreover, MS should be diagnosed based on clinical experiences because of no disease-specific biomarker and currently available treatments for MS just can reduce relapsing frequency or severity with little effects on disease disability. Therefore, more efforts are required to identify pathophysiology of MS and diagnosis markers. Recent evidence indicates another aspect of MS pathogenesis, energy failure in the central nervous system (CNS). For instance, inflammation that is a characteristic MS symptom and occurs frequently in the CNS of MS patients can result into energy failure in mitochondria and cytosol. Indeed, metabolomics studies for MS have reported energy failure in oxidative phosphorylation and alteration of aerobic glycolysis. Therefore, studies on the metabolism in the CNS may provide another insight for understanding complexity of MS and pathogenesis, which would facilitate the discovery of promising strategies for developing therapeutics to treat MS. This review will provide an overview on recent progress of metabolomic studies for MS, with a focus on the fluctuation of energy metabolism in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jean Park
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21936, Korea.
| | - Ji Woong Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21936, Korea.
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Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators and Oligodendroglial Cells: Beyond Immunomodulation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207537. [PMID: 33066042 PMCID: PMC7588977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by demyelination, axonal loss, and synaptic impairment in the central nervous system (CNS). The available therapies aim to reduce the severity of the pathology during the early inflammatory stages, but they are not effective in the chronic stage of the disease. In this phase, failure in endogenous remyelination is associated with the impairment of oligodendrocytes progenitor cells (OPCs) to migrate and differentiate into mature myelinating oligodendrocytes. Therefore, stimulating differentiation of OPCs into myelinating oligodendrocytes has become one of the main goals of new therapeutic approaches for MS. Different disease-modifying therapies targeting sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) have been approved or are being developed to treat MS. Besides their immunomodulatory effects, growing evidence suggests that targeting S1PRs modulates mechanisms beyond immunomodulation, such as remyelination. In this context, this review focuses on the current understanding of S1PR modulators and their direct effect on OPCs and oligodendrocytes.
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Nakamura DS, Lin YH, Khan D, Gothié JDM, de Faria O, Dixon JA, McBride HM, Antel JP, Kennedy TE. Mitochondrial dynamics and bioenergetics regulated by netrin-1 in oligodendrocytes. Glia 2020; 69:392-412. [PMID: 32910475 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that produce energy and molecular precursors that are essential for myelin synthesis. Unlike in neurons, mitochondria in oligodendrocytes increase intracellular movement in response to glutamatergic activation and are more susceptible to oxidative stress than in astrocytes or microglia. The signaling pathways that regulate these cell type-specific mitochondrial responses in oligodendrocytes are not understood. Here, we visualized mitochondria migrating through thin cytoplasmic channels crossing myelin basic protein-positive compacted membranes and localized within paranodal loop cytoplasm. We hypothesized that local extracellular enrichment of netrin-1 might regulate the recruitment and function of paranodal proteins and organelles, including mitochondria. We identified rapid recruitment of mitochondria and paranodal proteins, including neurofascin 155 (NF155) and the netrin receptor deleted in colorectal carcinoma (DCC), to sites of contact between oligodendrocytes and netrin-1-coated microbeads in vitro. We provide evidence that Src-family kinase activation and Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibition downstream of netrin-1 induces mitochondrial elongation, hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial inner membrane, and increases glycolysis. Our findings identify a signaling mechanism in oligodendrocytes that is sufficient to locally recruit paranodal proteins and regulate the subcellular localization, morphology, and function of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane S Nakamura
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yun Hsuan Lin
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Damla Khan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-David M Gothié
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Omar de Faria
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - James A Dixon
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Heidi M McBride
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jack P Antel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Timothy E Kennedy
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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