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Hanif MA, Han JD, Kim SC, Hossen S, Kho KH. EF-Hand-Binding Secreted Protein Hdh-SMP5 Regulates Shell Biomineralization and Responses to Stress in Pacific Abalone, Haliotis discus hannai. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:10079-10096. [PMID: 38132475 PMCID: PMC10741955 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45120629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of a shell is a complex calcium metabolic process involving shell matrix proteins (SMPs). In this study, we describe the isolation, characterization, and expression of SMP5 and investigate its potential regulatory role in the shell biomineralization of Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai. The full-length Hdh-SMP5 cDNA contains 685 bp and encodes a polypeptide of 134 amino acids. Structurally, the Hdh-SMP5 protein belongs to the EF-hand-binding superfamily, which possesses three EF-hand Ca2+-binding regions and is rich in aspartic acid. The distinct clustering patterns in the phylogenetic tree indicate that the amino acid composition and structure of this protein may vary among different SMPs. During early development, significantly higher expression was observed in the trochophore and veliger stages. Hdh-SMP5 was also upregulated during shell biomineralization in Pacific abalone. Long periods of starvation cause Hdh-SMP5 expression to decrease. Furthermore, Hdh-SMP5 expression was observed to be significantly higher under thermal stress at temperatures of 15, 30, and 25 °C for durations of 6 h, 12 h, and 48 h, respectively. Our study is the first to characterize Hdh-SMP5 comprehensively and analyze its expression to elucidate its dynamic roles in ontogenetic development, shell biomineralization, and the response to starvation and thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abu Hanif
- Department of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea; (M.A.H.); (S.H.)
| | - Ji Do Han
- South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Yeosu 59780, Republic of Korea; (J.D.H.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Soo Cheol Kim
- South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Yeosu 59780, Republic of Korea; (J.D.H.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Shaharior Hossen
- Department of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea; (M.A.H.); (S.H.)
| | - Kang Hee Kho
- Department of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea; (M.A.H.); (S.H.)
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de Muizon CJ, Iandolo D, Nguyen DK, Al-Mourabit A, Rousseau M. Organic Matrix and Secondary Metabolites in Nacre. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 24:831-842. [PMID: 36057751 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nacre, also called mother-of-pearl, is a naturally occurring biomineral, largely studied by chemists, structural biologists, and physicists to understand its outstanding and diverse properties. Nacre is constituted of aragonite nanograins surrounded by organic matrix, and it has been established that the organic matrix is responsible for initiating and guiding the biomineralization process. The first challenge to study the organic matrix of nacre lays in its separation from the biomineral. Several extraction methods have been developed so far. They are categorized as either strong (e.g., decalcification) or soft (e.g., water, ethanol) and they allow specific extractions of targeted compounds. The structure of the nacreous organic matrix is complex, and it provides interesting clues to describe the mineralization process. Proteins, sugars, lipids, peptides, and other molecules have been identified and their role in mineralization investigated. Moreover, the organic matrix of nacre has shown interesting properties for human health. Several studies are investigating its activity on bone mineralization and its properties for skin care. In this review, we focus on the organic constituents, as lipids, sugars, and small metabolites which are less studied since present in small quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Capucine Jourdain de Muizon
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- STANSEA, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Donata Iandolo
- UMR5510 MATEIS, CNRS, University of Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Lyon, France
- U1059 INSERM - SAINBIOSE (SAnté INgéniérie BIOlogie St-Etienne) Campus Santé Innovation, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Dung Kim Nguyen
- U1059 INSERM - SAINBIOSE (SAnté INgéniérie BIOlogie St-Etienne) Campus Santé Innovation, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Ali Al-Mourabit
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marthe Rousseau
- UMR5510 MATEIS, CNRS, University of Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Lyon, France.
- U1059 INSERM - SAINBIOSE (SAnté INgéniérie BIOlogie St-Etienne) Campus Santé Innovation, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France.
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3
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Rivera-Pérez C, Arroyo-Loranca RG, Hernández-Saavedra NY. An acidic protein, Hf15, from Haliotis fulgens involved in biomineralization. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 272:111276. [PMID: 35853523 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biomineralization leads to the hardening of mineralized materials, such as the shell of Mollusk, to fulfill a wide range of functions, such as (but not limited to) skeletal support, protection of the soft tissues, navigation, etc. The study of the proteins responsible for this process, shell matrix proteins (SMPs), allows addressing questions related to structure-function relationship and to the mechanism of mineral formation, which is limited in gastropod species. In this study, a low molecular weight protein was isolated from the insoluble fraction after decalcification with acetic acid of the shell of Haliotis fulgens and, named Hf15. The unglycosylated protein has a theoretical molecular weight of 15 kDa, it possesses calcium and chiting binding properties. Hf15 can precipitate calcium carbonate in vitro in presence of different salts. Analysis by LC-MS of the five peptide sequences of Hf15 generated by trypsinization revealed that two peptides displayed homology to an uncharacterized protein 3-like from Haliotis rufescens, Haliotis asinia and H. sorenseni. The results obtained indicated that Hf15 is a novel SMP involved in shell mineralization in Haliotis fulgens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel G Arroyo-Loranca
- Fisheries Ecology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
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Nahi O, Broad A, Kulak AN, Freeman HM, Zhang S, Turner TD, Roach L, Darkins R, Ford IJ, Meldrum FC. Positively Charged Additives Facilitate Incorporation in Inorganic Single Crystals. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022; 34:4910-4923. [PMID: 35722202 PMCID: PMC9202304 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of guest additives within inorganic single crystals offers a unique strategy for creating nanocomposites with tailored properties. While anionic additives have been widely used to control the properties of crystals, their effective incorporation remains a key challenge. Here, we show that cationic additives are an excellent alternative for the synthesis of nanocomposites, where they are shown to deliver exceptional levels of incorporation of up to 70 wt % of positively charged amino acids, polymer particles, gold nanoparticles, and silver nanoclusters within inorganic single crystals. This high additive loading endows the nanocomposites with new functional properties, including plasmon coupling, bright fluorescence, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Cationic additives are also shown to outperform their acidic counterparts, where they are highly active in a wider range of crystal systems, owing to their outstanding colloidal stability in the crystallization media and strong affinity for the crystal surfaces. This work demonstrates that although often overlooked, cationic additives can make valuable crystallization additives to create composite materials with tailored composition-structure-property relationships. This versatile and straightforward approach advances the field of single-crystal composites and provides exciting prospects for the design and fabrication of new hybrid materials with tunable functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouassef Nahi
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Alexander Broad
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University College
London, Gower Street, London WC1E
6BT, U.K.
| | - Alexander N. Kulak
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Helen M. Freeman
- School
of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Shuheng Zhang
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Thomas D. Turner
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Lucien Roach
- Université
de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB,
UMR 5026, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Robert Darkins
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University College
London, Gower Street, London WC1E
6BT, U.K.
| | - Ian J. Ford
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University College
London, Gower Street, London WC1E
6BT, U.K.
| | - Fiona C. Meldrum
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
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Rivera-Pérez C, Hernández-Saavedra NY. Review: Post-translational modifications of marine shell matrix proteins. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 256:110641. [PMID: 34182126 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Shell matrix proteins (SMPs) are key components for the Mollusk shell biomineralization. SMPs function has been hypothesized in several proteins by bioinformatics analysis, and through in vitro crystallization assays. However, studies of the post-translational modifications (PTMs) of SMPs, which contribute to their structure and the function, are limited. This review provides the current status of the SMPs with the most common PTMs described (glycosylation, phosphorylation, and disulfide bond formation) and their role in shell biomineralization. Also, recent studies based on recombinant production of SMPs are discussed. Finally, recommendations for the study of SMPs and their PTMs are provided. The review showed that PTMs are widely distributed in SMPs, and their presence on SMPs may contribute to the modulation of their activity in some SMPs, contributing to the crystal growth formation and differentiation through different mechanisms, however, in a few cases the lack of the PTMs do not alter their inherent function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crisalejandra Rivera-Pérez
- CONACYT, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
| | - Norma Y Hernández-Saavedra
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz 23096, Baja California Sur, Mexico
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Yarra T, Ramesh K, Blaxter M, Hüning A, Melzner F, Clark MS. Transcriptomic analysis of shell repair and biomineralization in the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:437. [PMID: 34112105 PMCID: PMC8194122 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07751-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomineralization by molluscs involves regulated deposition of calcium carbonate crystals within a protein framework to produce complex biocomposite structures. Effective biomineralization is a key trait for aquaculture, and animal resilience under future climate change. While many enzymes and structural proteins have been identified from the shell and in mantle tissue, understanding biomieralization is impeded by a lack of fundamental knowledge of the genes and pathways involved. In adult bivalves, shells are secreted by the mantle tissue during growth, maintenance and repair, with the repair process, in particular, amenable to experimental dissection at the transcriptomic level in individual animals. RESULTS Gene expression dynamics were explored in the adult blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, during experimentally induced shell repair, using the two valves of each animal as a matched treatment-control pair. Gene expression was assessed using high-resolution RNA-Seq against a de novo assembled database of functionally annotated transcripts. A large number of differentially expressed transcripts were identified in the repair process. Analysis focused on genes encoding proteins and domains identified in shell biology, using a new database of proteins and domains previously implicated in biomineralization in mussels and other molluscs. The genes implicated in repair included many otherwise novel transcripts that encoded proteins with domains found in other shell matrix proteins, as well as genes previously associated with primary shell formation in larvae. Genes with roles in intracellular signalling and maintenance of membrane resting potential were among the loci implicated in the repair process. While haemocytes have been proposed to be actively involved in repair, no evidence was found for this in the M. edulis data. CONCLUSIONS The shell repair experimental model and a newly developed shell protein domain database efficiently identified transcripts involved in M. edulis shell production. In particular, the matched pair analysis allowed factoring out of much of the inherent high level of variability between individual mussels. This snapshot of the damage repair process identified a large number of genes putatively involved in biomineralization from initial signalling, through calcium mobilization to shell construction, providing many novel transcripts for future in-depth functional analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswi Yarra
- Ashworth Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Charlotte Auerbach Road, EH9 3FL, Edinburgh, UK
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, CB3 0ET, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kirti Ramesh
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mark Blaxter
- Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, Saffron Walden, UK
| | - Anne Hüning
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Frank Melzner
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Melody S Clark
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, CB3 0ET, Cambridge, UK.
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7
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Le Roy N, Stapane L, Gautron J, Hincke MT. Evolution of the Avian Eggshell Biomineralization Protein Toolkit - New Insights From Multi-Omics. Front Genet 2021; 12:672433. [PMID: 34046059 PMCID: PMC8144736 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.672433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The avian eggshell is a remarkable biomineral, which is essential for avian reproduction; its properties permit embryonic development in the desiccating terrestrial environment, and moreover, are critically important to preserve unfertilized egg quality for human consumption. This calcium carbonate (CaCO3) bioceramic is made of 95% calcite and 3.5% organic matrix; it protects the egg contents against microbial penetration and mechanical damage, allows gaseous exchange, and provides calcium for development of the embryonic skeleton. In vertebrates, eggshell occurs in the Sauropsida and in a lesser extent in Mammalia taxa; avian eggshell calcification is one of the fastest known CaCO3 biomineralization processes, and results in a material with excellent mechanical properties. Thus, its study has triggered a strong interest from the researcher community. The investigation of eggshell biomineralization in birds over the past decades has led to detailed characterization of its protein and mineral constituents. Recently, our understanding of this process has been significantly improved using high-throughput technologies (i.e., proteomics, transcriptomics, genomics, and bioinformatics). Presently, more or less complete eggshell proteomes are available for nine birds, and therefore, key proteins that comprise the eggshell biomineralization toolkit are beginning to be identified. In this article, we review current knowledge on organic matrix components from calcified eggshell. We use these data to analyze the evolution of selected matrix proteins and underline their role in the biological toolkit required for eggshell calcification in avian species. Amongst the panel of eggshell-associated proteins, key functional domains are present such as calcium-binding, vesicle-binding and protein-binding. These technical advances, combined with progress in mineral ultrastructure analyses, have opened the way for new hypotheses of mineral nucleation and crystal growth in formation of the avian eggshell, including transfer of amorphous CaCO3 in vesicles from uterine cells to the eggshell mineralization site. The enrichment of multi-omics datasets for bird species is critical to understand the evolutionary context for development of CaCO3 biomineralization in metazoans, leading to the acquisition of the robust eggshell in birds (and formerly dinosaurs).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maxwell T Hincke
- Department of Innovation in Medical Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Diversified Biomineralization Roles of Pteria penguin Pearl Shell Lectins as Matrix Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031081. [PMID: 33499178 PMCID: PMC7865697 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we isolated jacalin-related lectins termed PPL2, PPL3 (PPL3A, 3B and 3C) and PPL4 from the mantle secretory fluid of Pteria penguin (Mabe) pearl shell. They showed the sequence homology with the plant lectin family, jacalin-related β-prism fold lectins (JRLs). While PPL3s and PPL4 shared only 35%–50% homology to PPL2A, respectively, they exhibited unique carbohydrate binding properties based on the multiple glycan-binding profiling data sets from frontal affinity chromatography analysis. In this paper, we investigated biomineralization properties of these lectins and compared their biomineral functions. It was found that these lectins showed different effects on CaCO3 crystalization, respectively, although PPL3 and PPL2A showed similar carbohydrate binding specificities. PPL3 suppressed the crystal growth of CaCO3 calcite, while PPL2A increased the number of contact polycrystalline calcite composed of more than one crystal with various orientations. Furthermore, PPL4 alone showed no effect on CaCO3 crystalization; however, PPL4 regulated the size of crystals collaborated with N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and chitin oligomer, which are specific in recognizing carbohydrates for PPL4. These observations highlight the unique functions and molecular evolution of this lectin family involved in the mollusk shell formation.
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Jin C, Li JL, Liu XJ. Teosin, a novel basic shell matrix protein from Hyriopsis cumingii induces calcium carbonate polycrystal formation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 150:1229-1237. [PMID: 31743712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel matrix protein (teosin) was isolated from Hyriopsis cumingii. Gene expression analysis showed that teosin is mainly expressed in the mantle and blood, and a hybridization signal was found in dorsal epithelial cells of the mantle pallial by in situ hybridization. Moreover, teosin expression during pearl formation indicated its participation in initial nacreous layer biomineralization, and suppressing teosin expression resulted in irregular crystal morphology and disordered arrangement in RNAi assay. In vitro crystallization assays indicated teosin could increase the size of calcite. By turning the sample stage about 15°, we got the high-resolution TEM images of the crystals' edges. This is a novel method to observe the crystal which is over 200 nm under TEM. In the control experiment group, the calcite show the character of long range order. The calcite induced by teosin were composed of nano-grains, and the polycrystal character were confirmed by EDS. These results suggested that teosin is involved in regulating crystal morphology regulation and inducing polycrystal formation during nacreous-layer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Jin
- Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Jia-Le Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Xiao-Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Mechanical Properties of Nacre-Like Composites: A Bottom-Up Approach. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs4020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nacre is a highly organized hierarchical structure of the mineral and organic components at all scales down to the molecular-scale guided by organic molecules. The mechanical properties of the mineral component of nacre have been studied and well established for decades. In the present work, the shear modulus of the organic matrix of nacre was obtained using two of its important proteineous components, Perlucin and Lustrin A. The shear modulus value of the organic matrix was computed to be in the range of 1.25–1.45 GPa using atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Moreover, finite element (FE) simulations were conducted on the three-dimensional (3D) models of the nacre-like composite while varying the relative composition of mineral and organic constituents. The nacre-like composite models with 10–20% by volume of organic part estimated high toughness. The exact optimum value will depend on the mechanical properties of the organic matrix used in the synthesis of nacre-like material. The study is an advancement in the modeling of nacre, sheds light on macroscale properties of nacre-like composites, and opens up new avenues for continuum studies of nacre mechanics, including its mysterious toughening mechanism.
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Wieczorek E, Chitruń A, Ożyhar A. Destabilised human transthyretin shapes the morphology of calcium carbonate crystals. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1863:313-324. [PMID: 30394286 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human transthyretin (TTR) is a homotetramer that transports thyroid hormones and retinol in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid. TTR is also an intracellular protein found in tissues such as those in the brain, eye and pancreas. TTR is a nutrition marker, reflecting the health of the organism, and TTR levels are linked to the normal and diseased states of the body. The switch from a protective to a pathological role is attributed to the destabilisation of the TTR structure, which leads to tetramer dissociation and amyloid formation. Native and destabilised TTR have been associated with osteoarthritis and bone density in humans. Moreover, TTR is present in eggshell mammillary cones; therefore, we verified the putative TTR engagement in the process of mineral formation. Using an in vitro assay, we found that TTR affected calcium carbonate crystal growth and morphology, producing asymmetric crystals with a complex nanocrystalline composition. The crystals possessed rounded edges and corners and irregular etch pits, suggesting the selective inhibition of crystal growth and/or dissolution imposed by TTR. The occurrence of many porosities, fibrillary inclusions and amorphous precipitates suggested that destabilisation of the TTR structure is an important factor involved in the mineralisation process. Crystals grown in the presence of TTR exhibited the characteristic features of crystals controlled by biomineralisation-active proteins, suggesting novel functions of TTR in the mineral formation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Wieczorek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Anna Chitruń
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ożyhar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
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Van Wormhoudt A, del Río Portilla MÁ, Auzoux-Bordenave S. Gene structure and domain architecture in the biomineralizing protein Lustrin A from the abalone Haliotis rufescens. GENE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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13
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Mann K, Cerveau N, Gummich M, Fritz M, Mann M, Jackson DJ. In-depth proteomic analyses of Haliotis laevigata (greenlip abalone) nacre and prismatic organic shell matrix. Proteome Sci 2018; 16:11. [PMID: 29983641 PMCID: PMC6003135 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-018-0139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The shells of various Haliotis species have served as models of invertebrate biomineralization and physical shell properties for more than 20 years. A focus of this research has been the nacreous inner layer of the shell with its conspicuous arrangement of aragonite platelets, resembling in cross-section a brick-and-mortar wall. In comparison, the outer, less stable, calcitic prismatic layer has received much less attention. One of the first molluscan shell proteins to be characterized at the molecular level was Lustrin A, a component of the nacreous organic matrix of Haliotis rufescens. This was soon followed by the C-type lectin perlucin and the growth factor-binding perlustrin, both isolated from H. laevigata nacre, and the crystal growth-modulating AP7 and AP24, isolated from H. rufescens nacre. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics was subsequently applied to to Haliotis biomineralization research with the analysis of the H. asinina shell matrix and yielded 14 different shell-associated proteins. That study was the most comprehensive for a Haliotis species to date. Methods The shell proteomes of nacre and prismatic layer of the marine gastropod Haliotis laevigata were analyzed combining mass spectrometry-based proteomics and next generation sequencing. Results We identified 297 proteins from the nacreous shell layer and 350 proteins from the prismatic shell layer from the green lip abalone H. laevigata. Considering the overlap between the two sets we identified a total of 448 proteins. Fifty-one nacre proteins and 43 prismatic layer proteins were defined as major proteins based on their abundance at more than 0.2% of the total. The remaining proteins occurred at low abundance and may not play any significant role in shell fabrication. The overlap of major proteins between the two shell layers was 17, amounting to a total of 77 major proteins. Conclusions The H. laevigata shell proteome shares moderate sequence similarity at the protein level with other gastropod, bivalve and more distantly related invertebrate biomineralising proteomes. Features conserved in H. laevigata and other molluscan shell proteomes include short repetitive sequences of low complexity predicted to lack intrinsic three-dimensional structure, and domains such as tyrosinase, chitin-binding, and carbonic anhydrase. This catalogue of H. laevigata shell proteins represents the most comprehensive for a haliotid and should support future efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of shell assembly. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12953-018-0139-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlheinz Mann
- 1Abteilung Proteomics und Signaltransduktion, Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Nicolas Cerveau
- 2Department of Geobiology, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Goldschmidstr. 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Meike Gummich
- 3Universität Bremen, Institut für Biophysik, Otto Hahn Allee NW1, D-28334 Bremen, Germany
| | - Monika Fritz
- 3Universität Bremen, Institut für Biophysik, Otto Hahn Allee NW1, D-28334 Bremen, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- 1Abteilung Proteomics und Signaltransduktion, Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Daniel J Jackson
- 2Department of Geobiology, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Goldschmidstr. 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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14
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Gerhard EM, Wang W, Li C, Guo J, Ozbolat IT, Rahn KM, Armstrong AD, Xia J, Qian G, Yang J. Design strategies and applications of nacre-based biomaterials. Acta Biomater 2017; 54:21-34. [PMID: 28274766 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine relies heavily on materials capable of implantation without significant foreign body reactions and with the ability to promote tissue differentiation and regeneration. The field of bone tissue engineering in particular requires materials capable of providing enhanced mechanical properties and promoting osteogenic cell lineage commitment. While bone repair has long relied almost exclusively on inorganic, calcium phosphate ceramics such as hydroxyapatite and their composites or on non-degradable metals, the organically derived shell and pearl nacre generated by mollusks has emerged as a promising alternative. Nacre is a naturally occurring composite material composed of inorganic, calcium carbonate plates connected by a framework of organic molecules. Similar to mammalian bone, the highly organized microstructure of nacre endows the composite with superior mechanical properties while the organic phase contributes to significant bioactivity. Studies, both in vitro and in vivo, have demonstrated nacre's biocompatibility, biodegradability, and osteogenic potential, which are superior to pure inorganic minerals such as hydroxyapatite or non-degradable metals. Nacre can be used directly as a bulk implant or as part of a composite material when combined with polymers or other ceramics. While nacre has demonstrated its effectiveness in multiple cell culture and animal models, it remains a relatively underexplored biomaterial. This review introduces the formation, structure, and characteristics of nacre, and discusses the present and future uses of this biologically-derived material as a novel biomaterial for orthopedic and other tissue engineering applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Mussel derived nacre, a biological composite composed of mineralized calcium carbonate platelets and interplatelet protein components, has recently gained interest as a potential alternative ceramic material in orthopedic biomaterials, combining the integration and mechanical capabilities of calcium phosphates with increased bioactivity derived from proteins and biomolecules; however, there is limited awareness of this material's potential. Herein, we present, to our knowledge, the first comprehensive review of nacre as a biomaterial. Nacre is a highly promising yet overlooked biomaterial for orthopedic tissue engineering with great potential in a wide variety of material systems. It is our hope that publication of this article will lead to increased community awareness of the potential of nacre as a versatile, bioactive ceramic capable of improving bone tissue regeneration and will elicit increased research effort and innovation utilizing nacre.
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15
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Schauer KL, Grosell M. Fractionation of the Gulf toadfish intestinal precipitate organic matrix reveals potential functions of individual proteins. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2017; 208:35-45. [PMID: 28315772 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The regulatory mechanisms behind the production of CaCO3 in the marine teleost intestine are poorly studied despite being essential for osmoregulation and responsible for a conservatively estimated 3-15% of annual oceanic CaCO3 production. It has recently been reported that the intestinally derived precipitates produced by fish as a byproduct of their osmoregulatory strategy form in conjunction with a proteinaceous matrix containing nearly 150 unique proteins. The individual functions of these proteins have not been the subject of investigation until now. Here, organic matrix was extracted from precipitates produced by Gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta) and the matrix proteins were fractionated by their charge using strong anion exchange chromatography. The precipitation regulatory abilities of the individual fractions were then analyzed using a recently developed in vitro calcification assay, and the protein constituents of each fraction were determined by mass spectrometry. The different fractions were found to have differing effects on both the rate of carbonate mineral production, as well as the morphology of the crystals that form. Using data collected from the calcification assay as well as the mass spectrometry experiments, individual calcification promotional indices were calculated for each protein, giving the first insight into the functions each of these matrix proteins may play in regulating precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L Schauer
- Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149, USA.
| | - Martin Grosell
- Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149, USA.
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16
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Schauer KL, LeMoine CMR, Pelin A, Corradi N, Warren WC, Grosell M, McDonald MD. A proteinaceous organic matrix regulates carbonate mineral production in the marine teleost intestine. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34494. [PMID: 27694946 PMCID: PMC5046086 DOI: 10.1038/srep34494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine teleost fish produce CaCO3 in their intestine as part of their osmoregulatory strategy. This precipitation is critical for rehydration and survival of the largest vertebrate group on earth, yet the molecular mechanisms that regulate this reaction are unknown. Here, we isolate and characterize an organic matrix associated with the intestinal precipitates produced by Gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta). Toadfish precipitates were purified using two different methods, and the associated organic matrix was extracted. Greater than 150 proteins were identified in the isolated matrix by mass spectrometry and subsequent database searching using an O. beta transcriptomic sequence library produced here. Many of the identified proteins were enriched in the matrix compared to the intestinal fluid, and three showed no substantial homology to any previously characterized protein in the NCBI database. To test the functionality of the isolated matrix, a micro-modified in vitro calcification assay was designed, which revealed that low concentrations of isolated matrix substantially promoted CaCO3 production, where high concentrations showed an inhibitory effect. High concentrations of matrix also decreased the incorporation of magnesium into the forming mineral, potentially providing an explanation for the variability in magnesium content observed in precipitates produced by different fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L Schauer
- Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33149, USA
| | - Christophe M R LeMoine
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, R7A 6A9, Canada.,Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Adrian Pelin
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Nicolas Corradi
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Wesley C Warren
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Martin Grosell
- Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33149, USA
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17
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Kocot KM, Aguilera F, McDougall C, Jackson DJ, Degnan BM. Sea shell diversity and rapidly evolving secretomes: insights into the evolution of biomineralization. Front Zool 2016; 13:23. [PMID: 27279892 PMCID: PMC4897951 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-016-0155-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An external skeleton is an essential part of the body plan of many animals and is thought to be one of the key factors that enabled the great expansion in animal diversity and disparity during the Cambrian explosion. Molluscs are considered ideal to study the evolution of biomineralization because of their diversity of highly complex, robust and patterned shells. The molluscan shell forms externally at the interface of animal and environment, and involves controlled deposition of calcium carbonate within a framework of macromolecules that are secreted from the dorsal mantle epithelium. Despite its deep conservation within Mollusca, the mantle is capable of producing an incredible diversity of shell patterns, and macro- and micro-architectures. Here we review recent developments within the field of molluscan biomineralization, focusing on the genes expressed in the mantle that encode secreted proteins. The so-called mantle secretome appears to regulate shell deposition and patterning and in some cases becomes part of the shell matrix. Recent transcriptomic and proteomic studies have revealed marked differences in the mantle secretomes of even closely-related molluscs; these typically exceed expected differences based on characteristics of the external shell. All mantle secretomes surveyed to date include novel genes encoding lineage-restricted proteins and unique combinations of co-opted ancient genes. A surprisingly large proportion of both ancient and novel secreted proteins containing simple repetitive motifs or domains that are often modular in construction. These repetitive low complexity domains (RLCDs) appear to further promote the evolvability of the mantle secretome, resulting in domain shuffling, expansion and loss. RLCD families further evolve via slippage and other mechanisms associated with repetitive sequences. As analogous types of secreted proteins are expressed in biomineralizing tissues in other animals, insights into the evolution of the genes underlying molluscan shell formation may be applied more broadly to understanding the evolution of metazoan biomineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Kocot
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072 Australia.,Current address: Department of Biological Sciences and Alabama Museum of Natural History, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487 USA
| | - Felipe Aguilera
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072 Australia.,Current address: Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, Bergen, 5008 Norway
| | - Carmel McDougall
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Daniel J Jackson
- Department of Geobiology, Goldschmidtstr.3, Georg-August University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernard M Degnan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072 Australia
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18
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Cao C, Jiang J, Sun H, Huang Y, Tao F, Lian B. Carbonate Mineral Formation under the Influence of Limestone-Colonizing Actinobacteria: Morphology and Polymorphism. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:366. [PMID: 27148166 PMCID: PMC4834437 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms and their biomineralization processes are widespread in almost every environment on earth. In this work, Streptomyces luteogriseus DHS C014, a dominant lithophilous actinobacteria isolated from microbial mats on limestone rocks, was used to investigate its potential biomineralization to allow a better understanding of bacterial contributions to carbonate mineralization in nature. The ammonium carbonate free-drift method was used with mycelium pellets, culture supernatant, and spent culture of the strain. Mineralogical analyses showed that hexagonal prism calcite was only observed in the sub-surfaces of the mycelium pellets, which is a novel morphology mediated by microbes. Hemispheroidal vaterite appeared in the presence of spent culture, mainly because of the effects of soluble microbial products (SMP) during mineralization. When using the culture supernatant, doughnut-like vaterite was favored by actinobacterial mycelia, which has not yet been captured in previous studies. Our analyses suggested that the effects of mycelium pellets as a molecular template almost gained an advantage over SMP both in crystal nucleation and growth, having nothing to do with biological activity. It is thereby convinced that lithophilous actinobacteria, S. luteogriseus DHS C014, owing to its advantageous genetic metabolism and filamentous structure, showed good biomineralization abilities, maybe it would have geoactive potential for biogenic carbonate in local microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang, China; Institute of Geochemistry, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China; The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou, China
| | - Jihong Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou, China
| | - Henry Sun
- Division of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Desert Research Institute Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Faxiang Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang, China
| | - Bin Lian
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing, China
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Al Omari MMH, Rashid IS, Qinna NA, Jaber AM, Badwan AA. Calcium Carbonate. PROFILES OF DRUG SUBSTANCES, EXCIPIENTS, AND RELATED METHODOLOGY 2016; 41:31-132. [PMID: 26940168 DOI: 10.1016/bs.podrm.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the formula CaCO3 formed by three main elements: carbon, oxygen, and calcium. It is a common substance found in rocks in all parts of the world (most notably as limestone), and is the main component of shells of marine organisms, snails, coal balls, pearls, and eggshells. CaCO3 exists in different polymorphs, each with specific stability that depends on a diversity of variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M H Al Omari
- The Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Co., Amman, Jordan
| | - I S Rashid
- The Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Co., Amman, Jordan
| | | | - A M Jaber
- Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
| | - A A Badwan
- The Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Co., Amman, Jordan
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20
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So CR, Liu J, Fears KP, Leary DH, Golden JP, Wahl KJ. Self-Assembly of Protein Nanofibrils Orchestrates Calcite Step Movement through Selective Nonchiral Interactions. ACS NANO 2015; 9:5782-5791. [PMID: 25970003 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b01870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The recognition of atomically distinct surface features by adsorbed biomolecules is central to the formation of surface-templated peptide or protein nanostructures. On mineral surfaces such as calcite, biomolecular recognition of, and self-assembly on, distinct atomic kinks and steps could additionally orchestrate changes to the overall shape and symmetry of a bulk crystal. In this work, we show through in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) experiments that an acidic 20 kDa cement protein from the barnacle Megabalanus rosa (MRCP20) binds specifically to step edge atoms on {101̅4} calcite surfaces, remains bound and further assembles over time to form one-dimensional nanofibrils. Protein nanofibrils are continuous and organized at the nanoscale, exhibiting striations with a period of ca. 45 nm. These fibrils, templated by surface steps of a preferred geometry, in turn selectively dissolve underlying calcite features displaying the same atomic arrangement. To demonstrate this, we expose the protein solution to bare and fibril-associated rhombohedral etch pits to reveal that nanofibrils accelerate only the movement of fibril-forming steps when compared to undecorated steps exposed to the same solution conditions. Calcite mineralized in the presence of MRCP20 results in asymmetric crystals defined by frustrated faces with shared mirror symmetry, suggesting a similar step-selective behavior by MRCP20 in crystal growth. As shown here, selective surface interactions with step edge atoms lead to a cooperative regime of calcite modification, where templated long-range protein nanostructures shape crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R So
- †Chemistry Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Jinny Liu
- ‡Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Kenan P Fears
- †Chemistry Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Dagmar H Leary
- ‡Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Joel P Golden
- ‡Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Kathryn J Wahl
- †Chemistry Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
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21
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Splice variants of perlucin from Haliotis laevigata modulate the crystallisation of CaCO3. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97126. [PMID: 24824517 PMCID: PMC4019660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Perlucin is one of the proteins of the organic matrix of nacre (mother of pearl) playing an important role in biomineralisation. This nacreous layer can be predominately found in the mollusc lineages and is most intensively studied as a compound of the shell of the marine Australian abalone Haliotis laevigata. A more detailed analysis of Perlucin will elucidate some of the still unknown processes in the complex interplay of the organic/inorganic compounds involved in the formation of nacre as a very interesting composite material not only from a life science-based point of view. Within this study we discovered three unknown Perlucin splice variants of the Australian abalone H. laevigata. The amplified cDNAs vary from 562 to 815 base pairs and the resulting translation products differ predominantly in the absence or presence of a varying number of a 10 mer peptide C-terminal repeat. The splice variants could further be confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF MS) analysis as endogenous Perlucin, purified from decalcified abalone shell. Interestingly, we observed that the different variants expressed as maltose-binding protein (MBP) fusion proteins in E. coli showed strong differences in their influence on precipitating CaCO3 and that these differences might be due to a splice variant-specific formation of large protein aggregates influenced by the number of the 10 mer peptide repeats. Our results are evidence for a more complex situation with respect to Perlucin functional regulation by demonstrating that Perlucin splice variants modulate the crystallisation of calcium carbonate. The identification of differentially behaving Perlucin variants may open a completely new perspective for the field of nacre biomineralisation.
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22
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Gaume B, Denis F, Van Wormhoudt A, Huchette S, Jackson D, Avignon S, Auzoux-Bordenave S. Characterisation and expression of the biomineralising gene Lustrin A during shell formation of the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 169:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Miyamoto H, Endo H, Hashimoto N, limura K, Isowa Y, Kinoshita S, Kotaki T, Masaoka T, Miki T, Nakayama S, Nogawa C, Notazawa A, Ohmori F, Sarashina I, Suzuki M, Takagi R, Takahashi J, Takeuchi T, Yokoo N, Satoh N, Toyohara H, Miyashita T, Wada H, Samata T, Endo K, Nagasawa H, Asakawa S, Watabe S. The Diversity of Shell Matrix Proteins: Genome-Wide Investigation of the Pearl Oyster, Pinctada fucata. Zoolog Sci 2013; 30:801-16. [DOI: 10.2108/zsj.30.801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kinki University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa, Wakayama 649-6493, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Endo
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Kurin limura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yukinobu Isowa
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Kinoshita
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kotaki
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, The Graduate School of Environmental Health Sciences, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Masaoka
- National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Agency, 422-1, Hiruta, Tamaki, Mie 519-0423, Japan
| | - Takumi Miki
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Seiji Nakayama
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Chihiro Nogawa
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, The Graduate School of Environmental Health Sciences, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Atsuto Notazawa
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, The Graduate School of Environmental Health Sciences, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Fumito Ohmori
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Isao Sarashina
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ryousuke Takagi
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kinki University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa, Wakayama 649-6493, Japan
| | - Jun Takahashi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takeshi Takeuchi
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Naoki Yokoo
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Nori Satoh
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Toyohara
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Miyashita
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kinki University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa, Wakayama 649-6493, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Wada
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Samata
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, The Graduate School of Environmental Health Sciences, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Endo
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Nagasawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shuichi Asakawa
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shugo Watabe
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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24
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O'Neill M, Gaume B, Denis F, Auzoux-Bordenave S. Expression of biomineralisation genes in tissues and cultured cells of the abalone Haliotis tuberculata. Cytotechnology 2013; 65:737-47. [PMID: 23929462 PMCID: PMC3967616 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-013-9576-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mollusc shell biomineralisation involves a variety of organic macromolecules (matrix proteins and enzymes) that control calcium carbonate (CaCO3) deposition, growth of crystals, the selection of polymorph, and the microstructure of the shell. Since the mantle and the hemocytes play an important role in the control of shell formation, primary cell cultures have been developed to study the expression of three biomineralisation genes recently identified in the abalone Haliotis tuberculata: a matrix protein, Lustrin A, and two carbonic anhydrase enzymes. Mantle cells and hemocytes were successfully maintained in primary cultures and were evaluated for their viability and proliferation over time using a semi-automated assay (XTT). PCR and densitometric analysis were used to semi-quantify the gene expression and compare the level of expression in native tissues and cultured cells. The results demonstrated that the three genes of interest were being expressed in abalone tissues, with expression highest in the mantle and much lower in the hemocytes and the gills. Biomineralisation genes were also expressed significantly in mantle cells, confirming that primary cultures of target tissues are suitable models for in vitro investigation of matrix protein secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew O'Neill
- UMR BOREA (Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques) MNHN/CNRS-7208/IRD-207/UPMC, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Station de Biologie Marine, 29900, Concarneau, France
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25
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Falini G, Fermani S. The strategic role of adsorption phenomena in biomineralization. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.201200711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Falini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; - Alma Mater Studiorum Università; di Bologna - Via Selmi 2 I-40126 Bologna Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca in Scienze Ambientali (C.I.R.S.A.); Università di Bologna, via S. Alberto 163; I-48100 Ravenna Italy
| | - Simona Fermani
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; - Alma Mater Studiorum Università; di Bologna - Via Selmi 2 I-40126 Bologna Italy
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26
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Cusack M, Guo D, Chung P, Kamenos NA. Biomineral repair of abalone shell apertures. J Struct Biol 2013; 183:165-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Perovic I, Mandal T, Evans JS. A Pearl Protein Self-Assembles To Form Protein Complexes That Amplify Mineralization. Biochemistry 2013; 52:5696-703. [DOI: 10.1021/bi400808j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iva Perovic
- Laboratory for Chemical Physics,
Division of Basic Sciences and Craniofacial Biology, New York University, 345 E. 24th Street, NY, New York
10010, United States
| | - Trinanjana Mandal
- Department
of Chemistry and
the Molecular Design Institute, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003-6688, United
States
| | - John Spencer Evans
- Laboratory for Chemical Physics,
Division of Basic Sciences and Craniofacial Biology, New York University, 345 E. 24th Street, NY, New York
10010, United States
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28
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Abstract
In nature, mollusk shells have a role in protecting the soft body of the mollusk from predators and from the external environment, and the shells consist mainly of calcium carbonate and small amounts of organic matrices. Organic matrices in mollusk shells are thought to play key roles in shell formation. However, enough information has not been accumulated so far. High toughness and stiffness have been focused on as being adaptable to the development of organic–inorganic hybrid materials. Because mollusks can produce elaborate microstructures containing organic matrices under ambient conditions, the investigation of shell formation is expected to lead to the development of new inorganic–organic hybrid materials for various applications. In this review paper, we summarize the structures of mollusk shells and their process of formation, together with the analysis of various organic matrices related to shell calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Suzuki
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Nagasawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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29
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Suzuki M, Iwashima A, Kimura M, Kogure T, Nagasawa H. The molecular evolution of the pif family proteins in various species of mollusks. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2013; 15:145-58. [PMID: 22847736 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-012-9471-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Various novel proteins have been identified from many kinds of mollusk shells. Although such matrix proteins are believed to play important roles in the calcium carbonate crystal formation of shells, no common proteins that interact with calcium carbonate or that are involved in the molecular mechanisms behind shell formation have been identified. Pif consists of two proteins, Pif 80 and Pif 97, which are encoded by a single mRNA. Pif 80 was identified as a key acidic protein that regulates the formation of the nacreous layer in Pinctada fucata, while Pif 97 has von Willebrand factor type A (VWA) and chitin-binding domains. In this study, we identified Pif homologues from Pinctada margaritifera, Pinctada maxima, Pteria penguin, Mytilus galloprovincialis, and in the genome database of Lottia gigantea in order to compare their primary protein sequences. The VWA and chitin-binding domains are conserved in all Pif 97 homologues, whereas the amino acid sequences of the Pif 80 regions differ markedly among the species. Sequence alignment revealed the presence of a novel significantly conserved sequence between the chitin-binding domain and the C-terminus of Pif 97. Further examination of the Pif 80 regions suggested that they share a sequence that is similar to the laminin G domain. These results indicate that all Pif molecules in bivalves and gastropods may be derived from a common ancestral gene. These comparisons may shed light on the correlation between molecular evolution and morphology in mollusk shell microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Suzuki
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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30
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Launspach M, Rückmann K, Gummich M, Rademaker H, Doschke H, Radmacher M, Fritz M. Immobilisation and characterisation of the demineralised, fully hydrated organic matrix of nacre – An atomic force microscopy study. Micron 2012; 43:1351-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2012.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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31
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LE Roy N, Marie B, Gaume B, Guichard N, Delgado S, Zanella-Cléon I, Becchi M, Auzoux-Bordenave S, Sire JY, Marin F. Identification of two carbonic anhydrases in the mantle of the European Abalone Haliotis tuberculata (Gastropoda, Haliotidae): phylogenetic implications. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2012; 318:353-67. [PMID: 22711568 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) represent a diversified family of metalloenzymes that reversibly catalyze the hydration of carbon dioxide. They are involved in a wide range of functions, among which is the formation of CaCO(3) skeletons in metazoans. In the shell-forming mantle tissues of mollusks, the location of the CA catalytic activity is elusive and gives birth to contradicting views. In the present paper, using the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata, a key model gastropod in biomineralization studies, we identified and characterized two CAs (htCA1 and htCA2) that are specific of the shell-forming mantle tissue. We analyzed them in a phylogenetic context. Combining various approaches, including proteomics, activity tests, and in silico analyses, we showed that htCA1 is secreted but is not incorporated in the organic matrix of the abalone shell and that htCA2 is transmembrane. Together with previous studies dealing with molluskan CAs, our findings suggest two possible modes of action for shell mineralization: the first mode applies to, for example, the bivalves Unio pictorum and Pinctada fucata, and involves a true CA activity in their shell matrix; the second mode corresponds to, for example, the European abalone, and does not include CA activity in the shell matrix. Our work provides new insight on the diversity of the extracellular macromolecular tools used for shell biomineralization study in mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie LE Roy
- UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.
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32
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Bédouet L, Marie A, Berland S, Marie B, Auzoux-Bordenave S, Marin F, Milet C. Proteomic strategy for identifying mollusc shell proteins using mild chemical degradation and trypsin digestion of insoluble organic shell matrix: a pilot study on Haliotis tuberculata. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2012; 14:446-458. [PMID: 22160345 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-011-9425-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A successful strategy for the identification of shell proteins is based on proteomic analyses where soluble and insoluble fractions isolated from organic shell matrix are digested with trypsin with the aim of generating peptides, which are used to identify novel shell proteins contained in databases. However, using trypsin as a sole degradative agent is limited by the enzyme's cleavage specificity and is dependent upon the occurrence of lysine and arginine in the shell protein sequence. To bypass this limitation, we investigated the ability of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), a low-specificity chemical degradative agent, to generate clusters of analyzable peptides from organic shell matrix, suitable for database annotation. Acetic acid-insoluble fractions from Haliotis tuberculata shell were processed by trypsin followed by TFA digestion. The hydrolysates were used to annotate an expressed sequence tag library constructed from the mantle tissue of Haliotis asinina, a tropical abalone species. The characterization of sequences with repeat motifs featured in some of the shell matrix proteins benefited from TFA-induced serial cutting, which can result in peptide ladder series. Using the degradative specificities of TFA and trypsin, we were able to identify five novel shell proteins. This pilot study indicates that a mild chemical digestion of organic shell matrix combined with trypsin generates peptides suitable for proteomic analysis for better characterization of mollusc shell matrix proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Bédouet
- UMR BOREA (Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques), MNHN/CNRS 7208/IRD 207, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle CP 26, 43 rue Cuvier, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
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33
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Fang D, Pan C, Lin H, Lin Y, Zhang G, Wang H, He M, Xie L, Zhang R. Novel basic protein, PfN23, functions as key macromolecule during nacre formation. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:15776-85. [PMID: 22416139 PMCID: PMC3346131 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.341594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 02/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The fine microstructure of nacre (mother of pearl) illustrates the beauty of nature. Proteins found in nacre were believed to be "natural hands" that control nacre formation. In the classical view of nacre formation, nucleation of the main minerals, calcium carbonate, is induced on and by the acidic proteins in nacre. However, the basic proteins were not expected to be components of nacre. Here, we reported that a novel basic protein, PfN23, was a key accelerator in the control over crystal growth in nacre. The expression profile, in situ immunostaining, and in vitro immunodetection assays showed that PfN23 was localized within calcium carbonate crystals in the nacre. Knocking down the expression of PfN23 in adults via double-stranded RNA injection led to a disordered nacre surface in adults. Blocking the translation of PfN23 in embryos using morpholino oligomers led to the arrest of larval development. The in vitro crystallization assay showed that PfN23 increases the rate of calcium carbonate deposition and induced the formation of aragonite crystals with characteristics close to nacre. In addition, we constructed the peptides and truncations of different regions of this protein and found that the positively charged C-terminal region was a key region for the function of PfN23 Taken together, the basic protein PfN23 may be a key accelerator in the control of crystal growth in nacre. This provides a valuable balance to the classic view that acidic proteins control calcium carbonate deposition in nacre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Fang
- From the Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Cong Pan
- From the Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Huijuan Lin
- From the Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Ya Lin
- From the Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Guiyou Zhang
- From the Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, and
- Protein Science Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 and
| | - Hongzhong Wang
- From the Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, and
- Protein Science Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 and
| | - Maoxian He
- the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Liping Xie
- From the Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, and
- Protein Science Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 and
| | - Rongqing Zhang
- From the Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, and
- Protein Science Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 and
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34
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Amos FF, Ndao M, Ponce CB, Evans JS. A C-RING-like domain participates in protein self-assembly and mineral nucleation. Biochemistry 2011; 50:8880-7. [PMID: 21928802 DOI: 10.1021/bi201346d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AP7 is a nacre-associated protein of the mollusk shell that forms supramolecular assemblies that nucleate single-crystal aragonite in vitro. AP7 possesses two major sequence regions: a random coil 30-amino acid N-terminal domain (AP7N) and a partially disordered 36-amino acid C-terminal domain (AP7C) that exhibits imperfect sequence homology to the C subclass of the intracellular RING domain family. We report here new findings that implicate the C-RING domain in AP7-mediated supramolecular assembly and single-crystal mineral formation. AP7 protein spontaneously self-assembles over a pH range of 4-9 and is monomeric at pH >9.5. AP7N and AP7C both oligomerize over the pH range of 4-9, with the AP7C sequence closely resembling AP7 in terms of particle morphology and size. In vitro mineralization experiments demonstrate that both AP7N and AP7C form supramolecular assemblies that nucleate single-crystal calcium carbonates. Comparison of previously published nuclear magnetic resonance-based structures of AP7C and AP7N reveals the significant presence of complementary anionic-cationic electrostatic molecular surfaces on AP7C that are not found on AP7N, and this may explain the noted discrepancies between the two domains in terms of self-assembly and single-crystal nucleation. We conclude that the C-RING-like sequence is an important site for AP7 self-association and mineral nucleation, and this represents the first known instance of a RING-like sequence performing these functions within an extracellular protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fairland F Amos
- Laboratory for Chemical Physics, New York University, 345 East 24th Street, New York, New York 10010, USA
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35
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Suzuki M, Iwashima A, Tsutsui N, Ohira T, Kogure T, Nagasawa H. Identification and characterisation of a calcium carbonate-binding protein, blue mussel shell protein (BMSP), from the nacreous layer. Chembiochem 2011; 12:2478-87. [PMID: 21932217 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The nacreous layer of molluscan shells consists of a highly organised, layered structure comprising calcium carbonate aragonite crystals, each surrounded by an organic matrix. In the Japanese pearl oyster Pinctada fucata, the Pif protein from the nacreous layer functions in aragonite binding, and plays a key role in nacre formation. Here, we investigated whether the blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis also has a protein with similar functions in the nacreous layer. By using a calcium carbonate-binding assay, we identified the novel protein blue mussel shell protein (BMSP) 100 that can bind calcium carbonate crystals of both aragonite and calcite. When the entire sequence of a cDNA encoding BMSP 100 was determined, it was found that BMSP is a preproprotein consisting of a signal peptide and two proteins, BMSP 120 and BMSP 100. BMSP 120 contains four von Willebrand factor A (VWA) domains and one chitin-binding domain, thus suggesting that it has a role in maintaining structure within the matrix. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that BMSP 100 is present throughout the nacreous layer with dense localisation in the myostracum. Posttranslational modification analysis indicated that BMSP 100 is phosphorylated and glycosylated. These results suggest that there is a common molecular mechanism between P. fucata and M. galloprovincialis that underlies the nacreous layer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Suzuki
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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36
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Montagnani C, Marie B, Marin F, Belliard C, Riquet F, Tayalé A, Zanella-Cléon I, Fleury E, Gueguen Y, Piquemal D, Cochennec-Laureau N. Pmarg-pearlin is a matrix protein involved in nacre framework formation in the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera. Chembiochem 2011; 12:2033-43. [PMID: 21796751 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The shell of pearl oysters is organized in multiple layers of CaCO(3) crystallites packed together in an organic matrix. Relationships between the components of the organic matrix and mechanisms of nacre formation currently constitute the main focus of research into biomineralization. In this study, we characterized the pearlin protein from the oyster Pinctada margaritifera (Pmarg); this shares structural features with other members of a matrix protein family, N14/N16/pearlin. Pmarg pearlin exhibits calcium- and chitin-binding properties. Pmarg pearlin transcripts are distinctively localized in the mineralizing tissue responsible for nacre formation. More specifically, we demonstrate that Pmarg pearlin is localized within the interlamellar matrix of nacre aragonite tablets. Our results support recent models for multidomain matrix protein involvement in nacreous layer formation. We provide evidence here for the existence of a conserved family of nacre-associated proteins in Pteriidae, and reassess the evolutionarily conserved set of biomineralization genes related to nacre formation in this taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Montagnani
- Laboratoire Biotechnologie et Qualité de la Perle, Ifremer, Centre Océanologique du Pacifique, BP 7004, 98719 Taravao, Tahiti, French Polynesia.
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37
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Heinemann F, Gummich M, Radmacher M, Fritz M. Modification of CaCO3 precipitation rates by water-soluble nacre proteins. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2010.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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38
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Falini G, Sartor G, Fabbri D, Vergni P, Fermani S, Belcher AM, Stucky GD, Morse DE. The interstitial crystal-nucleating sheet in molluscan Haliotis rufescens shell: A bio-polymeric composite. J Struct Biol 2011; 173:128-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2010.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Revised: 08/02/2010] [Accepted: 08/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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39
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Heinemann F, Launspach M, Gries K, Fritz M. Gastropod nacre: Structure, properties and growth — Biological, chemical and physical basics. Biophys Chem 2011; 153:126-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2010.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Xie LP, Zhu FJ, Zhou YJ, Yang C, Zhang RQ. Molecular approaches to understand biomineralization of shell nacreous layer. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 52:331-352. [PMID: 21877272 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-21230-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The nacreous layer of molluskan shells, which consists of highly oriented aragonitic crystals and an organic matrix (including chitin and proteins), is a product of biomineralization. This paper briefly introduces the recent research advances on nacre biomineralization of shells from bivalves and gastropods, which mainly focus on analysis of the micro- and nano-structure and components of shell nacreous layers, and investigations of the characteristics and functions of matrix proteins from nacre. Matrix proteins not only participate in construction of the organic nacre framework, but also control the nucleation and growth of aragonitic crystals, as well as determine the polymorph specificity of calcium carbonate in nacre. Moreover, the inorganic aragonite phase also plays an active role in organizing nacre microstructure. Based on these studies, several models to illustrate the formation mechanism related to lamellar nacre in bivalves, and columnar nacre in gastropods are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Xie
- Protein Science Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China,
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41
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Xiao J, Yang S. Unveiling the critical process in which organic molecules control the polymorphism of magnesium-containing calcium carbonate: the early nucleation of amorphous precursors or the subsequent amorphous to crystalline transformations? CrystEngComm 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ce05472d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Marie B, Marie A, Jackson DJ, Dubost L, Degnan BM, Milet C, Marin F. Proteomic analysis of the organic matrix of the abalone Haliotis asinina calcified shell. Proteome Sci 2010; 8:54. [PMID: 21050442 PMCID: PMC2989941 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-8-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The formation of the molluscan shell is regulated to a large extent by a matrix of extracellular macromolecules that are secreted by the shell forming tissue, the mantle. This so called "calcifying matrix" is a complex mixture of proteins and glycoproteins that is assembled and occluded within the mineral phase during the calcification process. While the importance of the calcifying matrix to shell formation has long been appreciated, most of its protein components remain uncharacterised. Results Recent expressed sequence tag (EST) investigations of the mantle tissue from the tropical abalone (Haliotis asinina) provide an opportunity to further characterise the proteins in the shell by a proteomic approach. In this study, we have identified a total of 14 proteins from distinct calcified layers of the shell. Only two of these proteins have been previously characterised from abalone shells. Among the novel proteins are several glutamine- and methionine-rich motifs and hydrophobic glycine-, alanine- and acidic aspartate-rich domains. In addition, two of the new proteins contained Kunitz-like and WAP (whey acidic protein) protease inhibitor domains. Conclusion This is one of the first comprehensive proteomic study of a molluscan shell, and should provide a platform for further characterization of matrix protein functions and interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Marie
- UMR 5561 CNRS, Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France.
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43
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Metzler RA, Tribello GA, Parrinello M, Gilbert PUPA. Asprich Peptides Are Occluded in Calcite and Permanently Disorder Biomineral Crystals. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:11585-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ja103089r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Metzler
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, Computational Science, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich USI-Campus, Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, C-6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Gareth A. Tribello
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, Computational Science, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich USI-Campus, Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, C-6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Michele Parrinello
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, Computational Science, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich USI-Campus, Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, C-6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - P. U. P. A. Gilbert
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, Computational Science, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich USI-Campus, Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, C-6900 Lugano, Switzerland
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44
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Krattiger P, Nassif N, Völkel A, Mastai Y, Wennemers H, Cölfen H. Investigation of active crystal morphogenesis peptide sequences from peptide libraries by crystallization on peptide functionalized beads. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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45
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Amos FF, Ndao M, Evans JS. Evidence of Mineralization Activity and Supramolecular Assembly by the N-Terminal Sequence of ACCBP, a Biomineralization Protein That Is Homologous to the Acetylcholine Binding Protein Family. Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:3298-305. [DOI: 10.1021/bm900893f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fairland F. Amos
- Center for Biomolecular Materials Spectroscopy, Laboratory for Chemical Physics, New York University, 345 East 24th Street, New York, New York 10010
| | - Moise Ndao
- Center for Biomolecular Materials Spectroscopy, Laboratory for Chemical Physics, New York University, 345 East 24th Street, New York, New York 10010
| | - John Spencer Evans
- Center for Biomolecular Materials Spectroscopy, Laboratory for Chemical Physics, New York University, 345 East 24th Street, New York, New York 10010
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46
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WILLIAMS ELIZABETHA, DEGNAN BERNARDM, GUNTER HELEN, JACKSON DANIELJ, WOODCROFT BENJ, DEGNAN SANDIEM. Widespread transcriptional changes pre-empt the critical pelagic-benthic transition in the vetigastropodHaliotis asinina. Mol Ecol 2009; 18:1006-25. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.04078.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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47
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Amos FF, Evans JS. AP7, a Partially Disordered Pseudo C-RING Protein, Is Capable of Forming Stabilized Aragonite in Vitro. Biochemistry 2009; 48:1332-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bi802148r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fairland F. Amos
- Laboratory for Chemical Physics, New York University, 345 East 24th Street, New York, New York 10010
| | - John Spencer Evans
- Laboratory for Chemical Physics, New York University, 345 East 24th Street, New York, New York 10010
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48
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Qiu SR, Orme CA. Dynamics of Biomineral Formation at the Near-Molecular Level. Chem Rev 2008; 108:4784-822. [DOI: 10.1021/cr800322u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Roger Qiu
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Mailstop L-367, Livermore, California 94550
| | - Christine A. Orme
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Mailstop L-367, Livermore, California 94550
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49
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Cusack M, Freer A. Biomineralization: Elemental and Organic Influence in Carbonate Systems. Chem Rev 2008; 108:4433-54. [DOI: 10.1021/cr078270o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Cusack
- Department of Geographical & Earth Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - A. Freer
- Department of Geographical & Earth Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
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Evans JS. “Tuning in” to Mollusk Shell Nacre- and Prismatic-Associated Protein Terminal Sequences. Implications for Biomineralization and the Construction of High Performance Inorganic−Organic Composites. Chem Rev 2008; 108:4455-62. [DOI: 10.1021/cr078251e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John Spencer Evans
- Laboratory for Chemical Physics, Center for Biomolecular Materials Spectroscopy, New York University, 345 E. 24th Street, Room 1007, New York, New York, 10010
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