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Hu X, Sui Y, Yang X, Yang Z, Wang Q, Yuan J, Li M, Ma X, Qiu C, Sun Q. Association of the High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein-to-Albumin Ratio with Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque: A Community-Based Cohort Study. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:4027-4036. [PMID: 38919510 PMCID: PMC11197952 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s464491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The inflammatory response is a pivotal factor in accelerating the progression of atherosclerosis. The high-sensitivity C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) has emerged as a novel marker of systemic inflammation. However, few studies have shown the CAR to be a promising prognostic marker for carotid atherosclerotic disease. This study aimed to analyse the predictive role of the CAR in carotid atherosclerotic disease. Methods This community-based cohort study recruited 2003 participants from the Rose asymptomatic IntraCranial Artery Stenosis (RICAS) study who were free of stroke or transient ischemic attack. Carotid atherosclerotic plaques and their stability were identified via carotid ultrasound. Logistic regression models were utilized to investigate the association between CAR and the presence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Results The prevalence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques was 38.79% in this study. After adjusting for clinical risk factors, including sex, age, dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), and smoking and drinking habits, a high CAR-level was independently associated with carotid plaque (odds ratio [OR] of upper: 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-1.90, P = 0.004; P for trend = 0.011). The highest CAR tertile was still significantly associated with carotid plaques among middle-aged (40-64 years) or female participants. Notably, an elevated CAR may be an independent risk factor for vulnerable carotid plaques (OR of upper: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.42-2.98, P < 0.001; P for trend <0.001). Conclusion A high CAR may be correlated with a high risk of carotid plaques, particularly among mildly aged adults (40-64 years) or females. Importantly, the CAR may be associated with vulnerable carotid plaques, suggesting that the CAR may be a new indicator for stroke prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanling Sui
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinhao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengyu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuting Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiehong Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Maoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengxuan Qiu
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qinjian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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Oranger A, Colaianni G, Ingravallo G, Scarcella VS, Faienza MF, Grano M, Colucci S, Brunetti G. LIGHT/TNFSF14 Affects Adipose Tissue Phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:716. [PMID: 38255789 PMCID: PMC10815871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
LIGHT/TNFSF14 is linked to several signaling pathways as a crucial member of a larger immunoregulatory network. It is primarily expressed in inflammatory effector cells, and high levels of LIGHT have been reported in obesity. Thus, with the aim of deepening the knowledge of the role of LIGHT on adipose tissue phenotype, we studied wild-type (WT), Tnfsf14-/-, Rag-/- and Rag-/Tnfsf14- (DKO) mice fed a normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HFD). Our results show that, although there is no significant weight gain between the mice with different genotypes, it is significant within each of them. We also detected an increase in visceral White Adipose Tissue (vWAT) weight in all mice fed HFD, together with the lowest levels of vWAT weight in Tnfsf14-/- and DKO mice fed ND with respect to the other strain. Inguinal WAT (iWAT) weight is significantly affected by genotype and HFD. The least amount of iWAT was detected in DKO mice fed ND. Histological analysis of vWAT showed that both the genotype and the diet significantly affect the adipocyte area, whereas the number is affected only by the genotype. In iWAT, the genotype and the diet significantly affect mean adipocyte area and number; interestingly, the area with the least adipocyte was detected in DKO mice fed ND, suggesting a potential browning effect due to the simultaneous lack of mature lymphocytes and LIGHT. Consistently, Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) staining of iWAT demonstrated that few positive brown adipocytes appeared in DKO mice. Furthermore, LIGHT deficiency is associated with greater levels of UCP1, highlighting the lack of its expression in Rag-/- mice. Liver examination showed that all mice fed HFD had a steatotic liver, but it was particularly evident for DKO mice. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the adipose tissue phenotype is affected by LIGHT levels but also much more by mature lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Oranger
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.O.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Graziana Colaianni
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.O.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.I.); (V.S.S.)
| | - Vincenza Sara Scarcella
- Section of Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.I.); (V.S.S.)
| | - Maria Felicia Faienza
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Grano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.O.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Silvia Colucci
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giacomina Brunetti
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
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Wang R, Zeng H, Xiao X, Zheng J, Ke N, Xie W, Lin Q, Zhang H. Identification of prognostic biomarkers of breast cancer based on the immune-related gene module. Autoimmunity 2023; 56:2244695. [PMID: 37584152 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2023.2244695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is highly malignant and its mortality rate remains high. The development of immunotherapy has gradually improved the prognosis and survival rate of patients. Therefore, identifying molecular markers concerned with BC immunity is of great importance for the treatment of this disease. The Cancer Genome Atlas-breast invasive carcinoma (TCGA-BRCA) was utilized as the training set while the BC expression dataset from the gene expression omnibus database was taken as the validation set here. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis combined with Pearson analysis and Tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER) was used to obtain immune cell-related hub gene module. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed on this module. Then, receiver operating characteristic curves combining Kaplan-Meier was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the model. Feature genes were screened and the independence of risk score was evaluated by univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. Differences in immune characteristics were analyzed via single-sample gene set enrichment analysis and CIBERSORT, and differences in gene mutation frequency were assessed via GenVisR analysis. Finally, the expression levels of prognostic feature genes in BC cells were validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). In this study, cell immune-related gene modules in TCGA-BRCA were successfully excavated, and a five-gene (TNFRSF14, NFKBIA, DLG3, IRF2, and CYP27A1) prognostic model was established. The prognostic model could effectively forecast the prognosis and survival rate of BC patients. The result showed that human leukocyte antigen-related proteins and macrophage M2 scores were remarkably highly expressed in the high-risk group, whereas CD8+ T cells, natural killer cells, M1, and other anti-tumor cells were lowly expressed. The model could be used as an independent prognostic factor to predict the prognosis of BC patients. The results of qRT-PCR validation were consistent with the results in the database, that is, except DLG3, the other four feature genes were lowly expressed in BC. The five-gene model established in this study can predict the prognostic and immune mode of BC patients effectively, which is anticipated to become a feasible molecular target for BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Wang
- Department of Basic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Huanhong Zeng
- Department of Basic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xueming Xiao
- Department of Basic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Junjie Zheng
- Department of Basic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Naizhuo Ke
- Department of Basic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenjun Xie
- Department of Basic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Department of Basic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Xu J, Qin S, Yi Y, Gao H, Liu X, Ma F, Guan M. Delving into the Heterogeneity of Different Breast Cancer Subtypes and the Prognostic Models Utilizing scRNA-Seq and Bulk RNA-Seq. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179936. [PMID: 36077333 PMCID: PMC9456551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women with high heterogeneity. The heterogeneity of cancer cells from different BC subtypes has not been thoroughly characterized and there is still no valid biomarker for predicting the prognosis of BC patients in clinical practice. Methods: Cancer cells were identified by calculating single cell copy number variation using the inferCNV algorithm. SCENIC was utilized to infer gene regulatory networks. CellPhoneDB software was used to analyze the intercellular communications in different cell types. Survival analysis, univariate Cox, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Cox analysis were used to construct subtype specific prognostic models. Results: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a higher proportion of cancer cells than subtypes of HER2+ BC and luminal BC, and the specifically upregulated genes of the TNBC subtype are associated with antioxidant and chemical stress resistance. Key transcription factors (TFs) of tumor cells for three subtypes varied, and most of the TF-target genes are specifically upregulated in corresponding BC subtypes. The intercellular communications mediated by different receptor–ligand pairs lead to an inflammatory response with different degrees in the three BC subtypes. We establish a prognostic model containing 10 genes (risk genes: ATP6AP1, RNF139, BASP1, ESR1 and TSKU; protective genes: RPL31, PAK1, STARD10, TFPI2 and SIAH2) for luminal BC, seven genes (risk genes: ACTR6 and C2orf76; protective genes: DIO2, DCXR, NDUFA8, SULT1A2 and AQP3) for HER2+ BC, and seven genes (risk genes: HPGD, CDC42 and PGK1; protective genes: SMYD3, LMO4, FABP7 and PRKRA) for TNBC. Three prognostic models can distinguish high-risk patients from low-risk patients and accurately predict patient prognosis. Conclusions: Comparative analysis of the three BC subtypes based on cancer cell heterogeneity in this study will be of great clinical significance for the diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy for BC patients.
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Li G, Sul OJ, Yu R, Choi HS. 7-Ketocholesterol-Induced Micro-RNA-107-5p Increases Number and Activity of Osteoclasts by Targeting MKP1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073697. [PMID: 35409056 PMCID: PMC8998300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts (OCs), which are responsible for bone resorption, play a critical role in cholesterol-induced bone loss and recent studies have suggested that various micro-RNAs (miRs) contribute to modulating OCs. We hypothesized that 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC), a metabolite responsible for cholesterol-induced bone loss, induces miR-107-5p, which affects OCs. Overexpression and knock-down of miR-107-5p were performed using miR-107-5p mimic and anti-miR-107-5p, respectively. The effects of miR-107-5p on OCs were analyzed by tartrate-resistant alkaline phosphatase staining, qPCR, and Western blot. MiR-107-5p was upregulated after 7-KC exposure in receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand-stimulated OCs. Furthermore, miR-107-5p upregulation was also observed in tibiae from an atherogenic diet-fed mice compared with mice fed with a normal diet. MiR-107-5p overexpression enhanced the area and number of OCs, whereas inhibiting the endogenous expression of miR-107-5p generated by 7-KC had the opposite effect. Among the possible candidates, mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1, a stress-responsive dual-specificity phosphatase that inactivates mitogen-activated protein kinase (MKP1), has been proven to be a target gene of miR-107-5p, as demonstrated by the direct interaction between miR-107-5p and the 3'-untranslated region of MKP1. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that 7-KC-induced miR-107-5p promotes differentiation and function of OCs by downregulating MKP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoen Li
- Department of Biological Sciences (BK21 Program), University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea; (G.L.); (O.-J.S.)
| | - Ok-Joo Sul
- Department of Biological Sciences (BK21 Program), University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea; (G.L.); (O.-J.S.)
| | - Rina Yu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea;
| | - Hye-Seon Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences (BK21 Program), University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea; (G.L.); (O.-J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-52-259-1545; Fax: +82-52-259-2740
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Sul OJ, Hyun HJ, Rajasekaran M, Suh JH, Choi HS. Estrogen enhances browning in adipose tissue by M2 macrophage polarization via heme oxygenase-1. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:1875-1888. [PMID: 32716106 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Loss of ovarian function results in increased fat mass, leading to the accumulation of adipose tissue macrophages that participate in chronic inflammation. We hypothesized that ovariectomy (OVX)-induced increases in body weight and fat mass are associated with decreased adipose tissue (AT) browning due to estrogen (E2 ) deficiency. In mice, OVX decreased AT browning along with increased body weight, fat mass, and size of lipid droplets 12 weeks after surgery. Exogenous E2 recovered the OVX-induced changes. AT browning was enhanced by M2 macrophages induced by exogenous E2. E2 -induced M2 polarization occurred due to the increased expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in macrophages, leading to decreased reactive oxygen species levels. Collectively, we demonstrated that E2 enhances AT browning via M2 polarization mediated by HO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok-Joo Sul
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Hyun
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea
| | | | - Jae-Hee Suh
- Department of Pathology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Hye-Seon Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea
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Tumor necrosis factor superfamily 14 is critical for the development of renal fibrosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:25469-25486. [PMID: 33231567 PMCID: PMC7803499 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Tumor necrosis factor superfamily protein 14 (TNFSF14) was recently identified as a risk factor in some fibrosis diseases. However, the role of TNFSF14 in renal fibrosis pathogenesis remains unknown. Results: It was found that TNFSF14 levels were significantly increased both in UUO-induced renal fibrotic mice and in patients with fibrotic nephropathy, compared with those in controls. Accordingly, Tnfsf14 deficiency led to a marked reduction in renal fibrosis lesions and inflammatory cytokines expression in the UUO mice. Furthermore, the levels of Sphk1, a critical molecule that causes fibrotic nephropathy, were remarkably reduced in Tnfsf14 KO mice with UUO surgery. In vitro recombinant TNFSF14 administration markedly up-regulated the expression of Sphk1 of primary mouse renal tubular epithelial cells (mTECs). Conclusion: TNFSF14 is a novel pro-fibrotic factor of renal fibrosis, for which TNFSF14 up-regulates Sphk1 expression, which may be the underlying mechanism of TNFSF14-mediated renal fibrosis. Methods: We investigated the effect of TNFSF14 on renal fibrosis and the relationship between TNFSF14 and pro-fibrotic factor sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1) by using the unilateral urethral obstruction (UUO)-induced mice renal fibrosis as a model and the specimen of patients with fibrosis nephropathy, by Masson trichrome staining, immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis.
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Ovariectomized rodents as a menopausal metabolic syndrome model. A minireview. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 475:261-276. [PMID: 32852713 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03879-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bilateral ovariectomy is the best characterized and the most reported animal model of human menopause. Ovariectomized rodents develop insulin resistance (IR) and visceral obesity, the main risk factors in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome (MS). These alterations are a consequence of hypoestrogenic status, which produces an augment of visceral fat, high testosterone levels (hyperandrogenism), as well as inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic complications, such as dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and endothelial dysfunction, among others. Clinical trials have reported that menopause per se increases the severity and incidence of MS, and causes the highest mortality due to cardiovascular disease in women. Despite all the evidence, there are no reports that clarify the influence of estrogenic deficiency as a cause of MS. In this review, we provide evidence that ovariectomized rodents can be used as a menopausal metabolic syndrome model for evaluating and discovering new, safe, and effective therapeutic approaches in the treatment of cardiometabolic complications associated to MS during menopause.
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Faienza MF, D'Amato G, Chiarito M, Colaianni G, Colucci S, Grano M, Corbo F, Brunetti G. Mechanisms Involved in Childhood Obesity-Related Bone Fragility. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:269. [PMID: 31130918 PMCID: PMC6509993 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is one of the major health problems in western countries. The excessive accumulation of adipose tissue causes inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunctions. Thus, obesity leads to the development of severe co-morbidities including type 2 diabetes mellitus, liver steatosis, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases which can develop early in life. Furthermore, obese children have low bone mineral density and a greater risk of osteoporosis and fractures. The knowledge about the interplay bone tissue and between adipose is still growing, although recent findings suggest that adipose tissue activity on bone can be fat-depot specific. Obesity is associated to a low-grade inflammation that alters the expression of adiponectin, leptin, IL-6, Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1), TRAIL, LIGHT/TNFSF14, OPG, and TNFα. These molecules can affect bone metabolism, thus resulting in osteoporosis. The purpose of this review was to deepen the cellular mechanisms by which obesity may facilitate osteoporosis and bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Felicia Faienza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Mariangela Chiarito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Graziana Colaianni
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Silvia Colucci
- Department of Basic and Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Grano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Filomena Corbo
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giacomina Brunetti
- Department of Basic and Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giacomina Brunetti
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Yousefvand S, Hamidi F, Zendehdel M, Parham A. Interaction of neuropeptide Y receptors (NPY1, NPY2 and NPY5) with somatostatin on somatostatin-induced feeding behaviour in neonatal chicken. Br Poult Sci 2018; 60:71-78. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2018.1547359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Yousefvand
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - F. Hamidi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - M. Zendehdel
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Parham
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Abildgaard J, Danielsen ER, Dorph E, Thomsen C, Juul A, Ewertsen C, Pedersen BK, Pedersen AT, Ploug T, Lindegaard B. Ectopic Lipid Deposition Is Associated With Insulin Resistance in Postmenopausal Women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:3394-3404. [PMID: 29889238 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Menopause is associated with an increased incidence of insulin resistance and diabetes. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the lipid deposition in liver and skeletal muscle and investigate the association with insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal and premenopausal women. DESIGN AND SETTING Single-center cross-sectional study of 55 healthy women between 45 and 60 years of age. We measured lipid deposition in the liver with magnetic resonance spectroscopy, intramuscular and intra-abdominal lipid deposition with MRI, body composition with a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan, and insulin sensitivity with the composite Matsuda Index. OUTCOME MEASURES We studied the association between fat distribution, ectopic lipid deposition, and insulin sensitivity in pre- and postmenopausal women. RESULTS Postmenopausal women had an increased lipid deposition in the liver [0.68% (0.44 to 0.99) vs 0.49% (0.38 to 0.64), P = 0.01] and skeletal muscle [3% (2 to 4) vs 2% (1 to 3), P = 0.001] and had a 28% lower Matsuda insulin sensitivity index during an oral glucose tolerance test (6.31 ± 3.48 vs 8.78 ± 4.67, P = 0.05) compared with premenopausal women. Total fat mass and leg fat mass were stronger predictors of ectopic lipid deposition, and visceral fat mass was a stronger predictor of both ectopic lipid deposition and insulin resistance in postmenopausal women compared with premenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS For a given subcutaneous and visceral fat depot size, postmenopausal women show increased ectopic lipid deposition and insulin resistance compared with premenopausal women. It is suggested that lipid deposition in liver and skeletal muscle may represent important mechanistic links between the changes in fat depots and the increased incidence of insulin resistance seen after menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Abildgaard
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Else Rubaek Danielsen
- Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emma Dorph
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Thomsen
- Department of Radiology, Sealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline Ewertsen
- Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bente Klarlund Pedersen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anette Tønnes Pedersen
- Department of Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thorkil Ploug
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Lindegaard
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
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Kou Y, Liu Q, Liu W, Sun H, Liang M, Kong F, Zhang B, Wei Y, Liu Z, Wang Y. LIGHT/TNFSF14 signaling attenuates beige fat biogenesis. FASEB J 2018; 33:1595-1604. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800792r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Kou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and MetabolismXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Qingya Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and MetabolismXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Laboratory of Infection and ImmunityDepartment of Pathogenic Biology and ImmunologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Wenli Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and MetabolismXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Laboratory of Infection and ImmunityDepartment of Pathogenic Biology and ImmunologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Hongxiang Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and MetabolismXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Laboratory of Infection and ImmunityDepartment of Pathogenic Biology and ImmunologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Ming Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and MetabolismXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Laboratory of Infection and ImmunityDepartment of Pathogenic Biology and ImmunologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Fanyun Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and MetabolismXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Laboratory of Infection and ImmunityDepartment of Pathogenic Biology and ImmunologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Bo Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and MetabolismXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Laboratory of Infection and ImmunityDepartment of Pathogenic Biology and ImmunologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Yanxia Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and MetabolismXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Laboratory of Infection and ImmunityDepartment of Pathogenic Biology and ImmunologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Zhuanzhuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and MetabolismXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Laboratory of Infection and ImmunityDepartment of Pathogenic Biology and ImmunologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Yugang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and MetabolismXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Laboratory of Infection and ImmunityDepartment of Pathogenic Biology and ImmunologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
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13
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Roy-O’Reilly M, McCullough LD. Age and Sex Are Critical Factors in Ischemic Stroke Pathology. Endocrinology 2018; 159:3120-3131. [PMID: 30010821 PMCID: PMC6963709 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a devastating brain injury resulting in high mortality and substantial loss of function. Understanding the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke risk, mortality, and functional loss is critical to the development of new therapies. Age and sex have a complex and interactive effect on ischemic stroke risk and pathophysiology. Aging is the strongest nonmodifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke, and aged stroke patients have higher mortality and morbidity and poorer functional recovery than their young counterparts. Importantly, patient age modifies the influence of patient sex in ischemic stroke. Early in life, the burden of ischemic stroke is higher in men, but stroke becomes more common and debilitating for women in elderly populations. The profound effects of sex and age on clinical ischemic stroke are mirrored in the results of experimental in vivo and in vitro studies. Here, we review current knowledge on the influence of age and sex in the incidence, mortality, and functional outcome of ischemic stroke in clinical populations. We also discuss the experimental evidence for sex and age differences in stroke pathophysiology and how a better understanding of these biological variables can improve clinical care and enhance development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan Roy-O’Reilly
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Louise D McCullough
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
- Correspondence: Louise D. McCullough, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, Texas 77030. E-mail:
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Shi F, Zhang Y, Qiu C, Xiong Y, Li M, Shan A, Yang Y, Li B. Effects of inhaled corticosteroids on the expression of TNF family molecules in murine model of allergic asthma. Exp Lung Res 2018; 43:301-310. [PMID: 29140131 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2017.1376129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor necrosis factor superfamily member LIGHT (the official gene symbol approved by NCBI Gene Database), an inflammatory factor secreted by T cells after allergen exposure, recently discovered to play crucial roles in asthmatic airway remodeling. However, it is unclear whether LIGHT could be controlled by inhaled corticosteroids, a key component of asthma management. This study was to investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of inhaled budesonide on the expressions of LIGHT and its receptors (LTβR and HVEM) of lung tissues in ovalbumin-sensitized mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-three BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the control, asthma model, and budesonide treatment groups (11 in each group). Mice were sensitized and challenged by OVA to develop mouse model of chronic asthma, and treated with aerosolized budesonide before OVA challenge. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lungs were obtained after the final OVA challenge. Protein and mRNA Levels of LIGHT, LTβR, and HVEM in the lungs were investigated by immunohistochemistry, image analysis, and real-time PCR. Expressions of IL-6 and IFN-γ in BALF were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Inhaled budesonide significantly reduced protein and mRNA levels of lung LIGHT, LTβR, and HVEM in asthmatic mice. Correspondingly, the number of eosinophils and neutrophils and IL-6 levels in BALF after budesonide treatment were found to be decreased, whereas the IFN-γ levels in BALF were increased. Moreover, the expressions of LIGHT and HVEM mRNA showed positive correlation with IL-6 levels in the treatment group. CONCLUSIONS Inhaled budesonide can down-regulate the expressions of LIGHT, LTβR, and HVEM in the lungs of asthmatic mice, and LIGHT/LTβR/HVEM interactions may be a potentially key target for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Shi
- a Emergency Department , Jinan University, The Second Clinical College , NO. 1017 Dongmen north Road, Shenzhen , China
| | - Yarui Zhang
- b Biomedical Research Institute , Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center , NO. 1120 Lianhua Road, Shenzhen , China
| | - Chen Qiu
- c Pulmonary Department , Jinan University, The Second Clinical College , NO. 1017 Dongmen north Road, Shenzhen , China
| | - Yi Xiong
- b Biomedical Research Institute , Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center , NO. 1120 Lianhua Road, Shenzhen , China
| | - Manhui Li
- b Biomedical Research Institute , Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center , NO. 1120 Lianhua Road, Shenzhen , China
| | - Aijun Shan
- a Emergency Department , Jinan University, The Second Clinical College , NO. 1017 Dongmen north Road, Shenzhen , China
| | - Ying Yang
- a Emergency Department , Jinan University, The Second Clinical College , NO. 1017 Dongmen north Road, Shenzhen , China
| | - Binbin Li
- a Emergency Department , Jinan University, The Second Clinical College , NO. 1017 Dongmen north Road, Shenzhen , China
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15
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Ahnstedt H, Roy-O'Reilly M, Spychala MS, Mobley AS, Bravo-Alegria J, Chauhan A, Aronowski J, Marrelli SP, McCullough LD. Sex Differences in Adipose Tissue CD8 + T Cells and Regulatory T Cells in Middle-Aged Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 9:659. [PMID: 29670627 PMCID: PMC5893719 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease has increased among middle-aged women in the United States, yet has declined in middle-aged men. In experimental stroke, middle-aged females have larger strokes and greater inflammation than age-matched males or younger females. The mechanism underlying this shift from an “ischemia-protected” to an “ischemia-sensitive” phenotype in aging females is unknown. One potential factor is an age-related increase in systemic factors that induce inflammation. Increased abdominal fat deposition is seen in women during middle age. Adipose tissue plays a key role in obesity-induced systemic inflammation, including increased pro-inflammatory cytokines. We hypothesized that age and sex differences in adipose immune cells promote an augmented pro-inflammatory milieu in middle-aged females driven by a balance shift between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory T cells. Abdominal adipose tissue immune cells from young (3–4 months) and middle-aged (15–16 months) male and female C57BL/6J mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. Plasma triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were determined with colorimetric assays. Middle-aged mice had higher adipose tissue mass compared to young mice. Lipid profiling showed no sex differences in TG and LDL, but middle-aged females had lower HDL (0.84 ± 0.07 μg/μl) than middle-aged males (1.35 ± 0.06 μg/μl). Flow cytometry data demonstrated an age-associated increase in adipose tissue CD8+ T cells that was augmented by female sex, with middle-aged females having a higher percentage of CD8+ cells (34.4 ± 3.2% of CD3+ T cells) than middle-aged males (24.4 ± 2.2%). This increase in CD8+ T-cell proportion was adipose tissue-specific, as this change was not observed in blood. Middle-aged females had higher numbers of activated (CD69+) CD8+ T cells than males. In addition, female CD8+ T cells produced higher levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and granzyme B ex vivo, and females had higher adipose levels of IFN-γ, RANTES and MIP-1β than middle-aged males. In parallel, females had lower levels of regulatory T cells (Tregs), an anti-inflammatory T-cell subtype, compared to age-matched males. In conclusion, middle-aged females have a detrimental combination of elevated pro-inflammatory T cells and decreased anti-inflammatory Tregs in adipose tissue, which may promote a pro-inflammatory milieu and contribute to increased cardiovascular disease burden in aging females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilda Ahnstedt
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Meaghan Roy-O'Reilly
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Monica S Spychala
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Alexis S Mobley
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Javiera Bravo-Alegria
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jaroslaw Aronowski
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sean P Marrelli
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Louise D McCullough
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
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16
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Choi EK, Rajasekaran M, Sul OJ, Joe Y, Chung HT, Yu R, Choi HS. Impaired insulin signaling upon loss of ovarian function is associated with a reduction of tristetraprolin and an increased stabilization of chemokine in adipose tissue. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 461:122-131. [PMID: 28887124 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Loss of ovarian function can activate inflammation and lead to insulin resistance (IR). IR is also a core feature of obesity and obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction. Tristetraprolin/zinc finger protein 36 (TTP) interferes with TNF-α production by destabilizing TNF-α mRNA, and mice deficient in TTP develop a complex syndrome of inflammatory disease (Carballo et al., 1998; Taylor et al., 1999). We hypothesized that ovariectomy (OVX) might also prime inflammation by reducing tristetraprolin/zinc finger protein 36 (TTP) levels. We used a mouse OVX model to study impaired insulin signaling due to loss of ovarian function by evaluating Akt activity upon insulin stimulus. Impaired insulin signaling was initially detected in adipose tissue (AT) at 4 weeks after OVX, and then spread to liver and muscle, finally resulting in systemic IR at 12 weeks after OVX. OVX decreased TTP protein levels and increased adipocyte size, oxidative stress, chemokine expression and fat mass in AT by 4 weeks after surgery. TTP deficiency due to TTP gene deletion induced aberrant insulin signaling and increased chemokine expression and macrophage numbers in AT but did not increase adipocyte size, oxidative stress, or fat mass, suggesting that it promotes insulin signaling by decreasing AT inflammation independent of oxidative stress and adiposity. OVX, like TTP deficiency, increased the stability of chemokine transcripts as assessed from their half-lives. Our data indicate that the impaired insulin signaling resulting from OVX is due to an OVX-induced reduction of TTP and the resulting stabilization of inflammatory chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyung Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, South Korea
| | - Monisha Rajasekaran
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, South Korea
| | - Ok-Joo Sul
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, South Korea
| | - Yeonsoo Joe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Taeg Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, South Korea
| | - Rina Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, South Korea
| | - Hye-Seon Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, South Korea.
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17
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The Role of Sex and Sex Hormones in Regulating Obesity-Induced Inflammation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1043:65-86. [PMID: 29224091 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-70178-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic and non-metabolic complications due to obesity are becoming more prevalent, yet our understanding of the mechanisms driving these is not. This is due to individual risk factor variability making it difficult to predict disease outcomes such as diabetes and insulin resistance. Gender is a critical factor in obesity outcomes with women having more adiposity but reduced metabolic complications compared to men. The role of immune system activation during obesity is an emerging field that links adiposity to metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, evidence from animal models suggests that sex differences exist in immune responses and, therefore, could be a possible mechanism leading to sex differences in metabolic disease. While there is still much to learn in the area of sex-differences research, this chapter will review the current knowledge and literature detailing the role of sex and sex hormones on adiposity and metabolically induced inflammation in obesity.
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18
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Iyengar NM, Morris PG, Zhou XK, Gucalp A, Giri D, Harbus MD, Falcone DJ, Krasne MD, Vahdat LT, Subbaramaiah K, Morrow M, Hudis CA, Dannenberg AJ. Menopause is a determinant of breast adipose inflammation. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2015; 8:349-58. [PMID: 25720743 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is recognized as a risk factor for the development of several malignancies. Local white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation, defined by the presence of dead or dying adipocytes encircled by macrophages that form crown-like structures (CLS), occurs in the breasts (CLS-B) of most overweight and obese women. Previously, we showed that the presence of CLS-B is associated with elevated tissue levels of proinflammatory mediators and aromatase, the rate-limiting enzyme for estrogen biosynthesis. The associated increased levels of aromatase in the breast provide a plausible mechanistic link between WAT inflammation and estrogen-dependent breast cancers. Thus, breast WAT inflammation could be relevant for explaining the high incidence of estrogen-dependent tumors with aging despite diminished circulating estrogen levels after menopause. To explore this possibility, we determined whether menopause in addition to body mass index (BMI) is associated with breast WAT inflammation among 237 prospectively enrolled women. The presence of CLS-B and its severity (CLS-B/cm(2)) as indicators of WAT inflammation correlated with menopausal status (P = 0.008 and P < 0.001) and BMI (P < 0.001 for both). In multivariable analyses adjusted for BMI, the postmenopausal state was independently associated with the presence (P = 0.03) and severity of breast WAT inflammation (P = 0.01). Mean adipocyte size increased in association with CLS-B (P < 0.001). Our findings demonstrate that breast WAT inflammation, which is associated with elevated aromatase levels, is increased in association with the postmenopausal state independent of BMI. Breast WAT inflammation, a process that can potentially be targeted, may help to explain the high incidence of estrogen-dependent tumors in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil M Iyengar
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Patrick G Morris
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Xi Kathy Zhou
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Ayca Gucalp
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Dilip Giri
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael D Harbus
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Domenick J Falcone
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Margaret D Krasne
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Linda T Vahdat
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Kotha Subbaramaiah
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Monica Morrow
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Clifford A Hudis
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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19
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Kim M, Neinast MD, Frank AP, Sun K, Park J, Zehr JA, Vishvanath L, Morselli E, Amelotte M, Palmer BF, Gupta RK, Scherer PE, Clegg DJ. ERα upregulates Phd3 to ameliorate HIF-1 induced fibrosis and inflammation in adipose tissue. Mol Metab 2014; 3:642-51. [PMID: 25161887 PMCID: PMC4142394 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1) promotes fibrosis and inflammation in adipose tissues, while estrogens and Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) have the opposite effect. Here we identify an Estrogen Response Element (ERE) in the promoter of Phd3, which is a negative regulatory enzyme of HIF-1, and we demonstrate HIF-1α is ubiquitinated following 17-β estradiol (E2)/ERα mediated Phd3 transcription. Manipulating ERα in vivo increases Phd3 transcription and reduces HIF-1 activity, while addition of PHD3 ameliorates adipose tissue fibrosis and inflammation. Our findings outline a novel regulatory relationship between E2/ERα, PHD3 and HIF-1 in adipose tissues, providing a mechanistic explanation for the protective effect of E2/ERα in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kim
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Michael D Neinast
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Aaron P Frank
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kai Sun
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA ; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST Street, Ulsan 689-798, South Korea
| | - Jordan A Zehr
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lavanya Vishvanath
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Eugenia Morselli
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mason Amelotte
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Biff F Palmer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rana K Gupta
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Deborah J Clegg
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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