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Regencia ZJG, Zhao W, Torres-Roja C, Jones BC, Baja ES. Association between lead and circulating markers of inflammation among traffic enforcers in Metro Manila, Philippines: the MMDA traffic enforcer's health study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:303-311. [PMID: 38351350 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-02044-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Several epidemiological studies have linked lead (Pb) exposure to induced oxidative stress and the promotion of inflammatory response. We performed a within-subjects study (repeated measures study) to evaluate the relationship between the concentration of blood lead (B-Pb) and toenail lead (T-Pb) and circulating markers of inflammation. METHODS We evaluated the associations between B-Pb concentrations and T-Pb concentrations and circulating markers of inflammation, soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (s-ICAM-1), soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (s-VCAM-1), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) on 158 traffic enforcers from the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA) traffic enforcer's health study. Linear mixed-effects models with random subject-specific intercepts were fitted to estimate the association between B-Pb and T-Pb exposure and circulating markers of inflammation, adjusting for confounding factors. RESULTS Traffic enforcers were middle-aged men (89.4%) with a mean age (± SD) of 37.1 years ± 8.9 years and had a total of 293 valid markers of inflammation measurements. B-Pb concentration was related to increased hs-CRP levels. A 10% increase in B-Pb was associated with a 5.7% increase in hs-CRP level [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.3-10.1]. However, B-Pb was not associated with s-ICAM-1 and s-VCAM-1. Furthermore, no associations were observed between T-Pb and all the circulating markers of inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Low-level B-Pb may increase hs-CRP among traffic enforcers. Moreover, the study suggests that Pb via the oxidative and inflammation pathways may have an essential role in the development of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, MMDA and the Department of Labor and Employment can use our study's findings as evidence to conduct routine screening of blood heavy metals, especially Pb, among MMDA and other traffic enforcers as part of their yearly medical examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zypher Jude G Regencia
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Room 103, Paz Mendoza Bldg., 547 Pedro Gil Street, 1000, Manila, Philippines
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Room 201, NIH Bldg., 623 Pedro Gil Street, Ermita, 1000, Manila, Philippines
| | - Wenyuan Zhao
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Carolina Torres-Roja
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Byron C Jones
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Emmanuel S Baja
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Room 103, Paz Mendoza Bldg., 547 Pedro Gil Street, 1000, Manila, Philippines.
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Room 201, NIH Bldg., 623 Pedro Gil Street, Ermita, 1000, Manila, Philippines.
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Immune Responses to COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Lead Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315003. [PMID: 36499330 PMCID: PMC9736384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Literature data regarding the response rate to COVID-19 vaccination in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients remain inconclusive. Furthermore, studies have reported a relationship between lead exposure and susceptibility to viral infections. This study examined immune responses to COVID-19 vaccines in patients with CKD and lead exposure. Between October and December 2021, 50 lead-exposed CKD patients received two doses of vaccination against COVID-19 at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Patients were stratified into two groups based on the median blood lead level (BLL): upper (≥1.30 μg/dL, n = 24) and lower (<1.30 μg/dL, n = 26) 50th percentile. The patients were aged 65.9 ± 11.8 years. CKD stages 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 accounted for 26.0%, 20.0%, 22.0%, 8.0% and 24.0% of the patients, respectively. Patients in the lower 50th percentile of BLL had a lower proportion of CKD stage 5 than patients in the upper 50th percentile BLL group (p = 0.047). The patients in the lower 50th percentile BLL group also received a higher proportion of messenger RNA vaccines and a lower proportion of adenovirus-vectored vaccines than the patients in the upper 50th percentile BLL group (p = 0.031). Notably, the neutralizing antibody titers were higher in the lower 50th percentile than in the upper 50th percentile BLL group. Furthermore, the circulating levels of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α were higher in the upper 50th percentile than in the lower 50th percentile BLL group. Therefore, it was concluded that lead-exposed CKD patients are characterized by an impaired immune response to COVID-19 vaccination with diminished neutralizing antibodies and augmented inflammatory reactions.
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Kalahasthi R, Nagaraju R, Balachandar R, Bagepally BS. Association between occupational lead exposure and immunotoxicity markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Toxicology 2022; 465:153047. [PMID: 34838595 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidences suggest the role of chronic lead (Pb) exposure in altering immunological parameters. Present study aimed to systematically review existing literature and synthesize quantitative evidence on the association between chronic Pb exposure and changes in immunological markers. Observational studies reporting immunological markers such as leukocyte derivative counts (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD45+, CD56+, lymphocyte, and total leukocyte), cytokine, Immunoglobulin (Igs), C-reactive protein (CRP) among Pb-exposed and unexposed controls were systematically searched from PubMed, Scopus and Embase digital databases from inception to January 2021. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were adhered during systematic review. Mean differences in the immunological markers between Pb-exposed and control groups were pooled using random-effects model. The heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran-Q test and I2 statistic. The review included forty studies reporting immunological markers in Pb-exposed and unexposed control groups. The occupational Pb-exposed group exhibited significantly higher BLL, impaired immunological markers, characterized by a marginal lowering in lymphocyte count, lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ ratio), IFN-γ and IgG levels, while CD8+, IgM, IgA, IgE, and cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α) exhibited a trend of higher values in comparison to the control group. Further, inflammatory marker viz., total leukocyte count was significantly higher among Pb-exposed. The included studies exhibited high levels of heterogeneity. In conclusion, Occupational Pb exposure alters the immunological markers such as the circulating cytokines and leukocyte counts. However, high-quality, multicentered studies are required to strengthen present observations and further understand the Pb's role on the immune system. Prospero Registration ID: CRD42021228252.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravibabu Kalahasthi
- Biochemistry, Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Raju Nagaraju
- Biochemistry, Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rakesh Balachandar
- Clinical Epidemiology, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Wyparło-Wszelaki M, Machoń-Grecka A, Wąsik M, Dobrakowski M. Critical aspects of the physiological interactions between lead and magnesium. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 36:e22964. [PMID: 34766669 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite technological progress, exposure to lead is an ongoing problem. There are many mechanisms governing the toxic effects of lead on the human body. One such mechanism involves the interaction of this xenobiotic with bivalent metal ions, including magnesium. Literature data suggest that the competition between these elements for binding sites at the molecular and cellular levels, as well as at the systemic level, may represent an important aspect of lead toxicity in the human body. This is especially clear in the context of oxidative stress, immune response, and gene expression modifications. This review aims to summarize current knowledge regarding these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wyparło-Wszelaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Anna Machoń-Grecka
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marta Wąsik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Institute of Medicine, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
| | - Michał Dobrakowski
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
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Nabil-Adam A, Shreadah MA. Ameliorative role of Ulva extract against heavy metal mixture-induced cardiovascular through oxidative/antioxidant pathways and inflammatory biomarkers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:27006-27024. [PMID: 33496951 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11994-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The current study investigates the therapeutic and curative effect of Ulva lactuca polyphenolic extract (ULPE) in general and particularly polyphenolics compounds against heavy metal mixture (HME). The toxicity behind heavy metal is due to oxidative stress resulted from heavy metals pollution or administration through contaminated food (vegetables, water, and fish). Heavy metal toxicity plays a major role in different cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study is aimed to examine the protective effect of ULPE against heavy metal mixture induced cardiovascular diseases through oxidative/antioxidant and inflammatory pathways. Sixty male rats (Sprague-Dawley) were assigned to six groups. Group I served as the control, group II served as the induced group receiving subcutaneously for 7 days 0.25 mg/100 gm body weight/day heavy metal mixtures (Equal concentration of Ni, Cd, Co and Hg chloride, and Pb acetate), group III received (i.p.) ULPE of dose 30 mg for 15 days, group IV served as the protected group pretreated with ULPE for 15 days as a protection dose, and then treated with the heavy metal-mixture, group V served as protected standard group pretreated with vitamin C (VitC ) (50 mg/Kg) and then treated with the heavy metal-mixture, and group VI served as standard group treated with VitC (50 mg/Kg). The main pathological changes within the heart revealed heart inflammation after heavy-metal mixtures administrations. On contrast to the protected group treated with ULPE (group IV), the protection group (group II) showed a significant increase in the antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory biomarker. The cardiovascular biomarkers (Troponin T, CRP, and BNP) showed similar attitude elevations in induction group and decreased greatly in protection and VitC group. The antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory activities of ULPE are a consequence of their higher polyphenolic contents as well as marine secondary metabolites which are confirmed using qualitative and quantitative analysis. From the current result, we concluded that ULPE possesses a cardiovascular protective agent as a result of highly contents of different bioactive secondary metabolites which have antioxidant as well as free-radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activates. Showed the mechanism of ULPE as cardioprotective against heavy metal mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Nabil-Adam
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural Products Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Shreadah
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural Products Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt
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Mourad BH. Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among Egyptian printing workers evidenced by using serum biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress, muscle injury, and collagen type I turnover. Toxicol Ind Health 2020; 37:9-22. [PMID: 33295250 DOI: 10.1177/0748233720977399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Printing workers experience a high rate of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study aims to determine the prevalence of MSDs, estimate serum biomarkers denoting musculoskeletal tissue changes, and determine some individual risk factors for MSDs among Egyptian printing workers. METHODS Eighty-five male printing workers and 90 male administrative employees (control group) were recruited from a printing press in Giza. A validated version of the standardized Nordic questionnaire was used. Serum biomarkers of inflammation (interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and C-reactive protein (CRP)), cell stress or injury (malondialdehyde (MDA) and creatine kinase skeletal muscle (CK-MM)), and collagen metabolism (collagen-I carboxy-terminal propeptide (PICP) and type-I collagen cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTx)) were measured for all participants. RESULTS This study showed a significant (p < 0.001) prevalence of the musculoskeletal symptoms (76.5%) and significant (p < 0.001) elevation in the levels of all measured biomarkers among the printing workers (means ± SD: IL-1α = 1.55 ± 0.9, IL-1β = 1.53 ± 0.87, IL-6 = 1.55 ± 0.85, TNF-α = 4.9 ± 2.25, CRP = 6.78 ± 3.07, MDA = 3.41 ± 1.29, CK-MM = 132.47 ± 69.01, PICP = 103.48 ± 36.44, and CTx = 0.47 ± 0.16) when compared with their controls (prevalence: 34.4%; means ± SD: IL-1α = 0.88 ± 0.61, IL-1β = 0.96 ± 0.72, IL-6 = 1.03 ± 0.75, TNF-α = 2.56 ± 1.99, CRP = 2.36 ± 1.1, MDA = 0.85 ± 0.21, CK-MM = 53.48 ± 33.05, PICP = 56.49 ± 9.05, and CTx = 0.31 ± 0.06). Also, significant (p < 0.001) positive strong associations were observed between age, body mass index (BMI), and the duration of employment with all measured biomarkers, where all correlation coefficients were >0.7. CONCLUSION Printing workers suffer a high prevalence of work-related MSDs that might be related to some individual factors (age, BMI, and duration of employment). Consequently, preventive ergonomic interventions should be applied. Further studies should be done to elucidate the link between tissue changes and detected biomarkers to follow the initiation and progression of MSDs and study the effectiveness of curative interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Hussein Mourad
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 63527Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Harris SM, Jin Y, Loch-Caruso R, Padilla IY, Meeker JD, Bakulski KM. Identification of environmental chemicals targeting miscarriage genes and pathways using the comparative toxicogenomics database. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 184:109259. [PMID: 32143025 PMCID: PMC7103533 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Miscarriage is a prevalent public health issue and many events occur before women are aware of their pregnancy, complicating research design. Thus, risk factors for miscarriage are critically understudied. Our goal was to identify environmental chemicals with a high number of interactions with miscarriage genes, based on known toxicogenomic responses. METHODS We used miscarriage (MeSH: D000022) and chemical gene lists from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database in human, mouse, and rat. We assessed enrichment for gene ontology biological processes among the miscarriage genes. We prioritized chemicals (n = 25) found at Superfund sites or in the blood or urine pregnant women. For chemical-disease gene sets of sufficient size (n = 13 chemicals, n = 20 comparisons), chi-squared enrichment tests and proportional reporting ratios (PRR) were calculated. We cross-validated enrichment results. RESULTS Miscarriage was annotated with 121 genes and overrepresented in inflammatory response (q = 0.001), collagen metabolic process (q = 1 × 10-13), cell death (q = 0.02), and vasculature development (q = 0.005) pathways. The number of unique genes annotated to a chemical ranged from 2 (bromacil) to 5607 (atrazine). In humans, all chemicals tested were highly enriched for miscarriage gene overlap (all p < 0.001; parathion PRR = 7, cadmium PRR = 6.5, lead PRR = 3.9, arsenic PRR = 3.5, atrazine PRR = 2.8). In mice, highest enrichment (p < 0.001) was observed for naphthalene (PRR = 16.1), cadmium (PRR = 12.8), arsenic (PRR = 11.6), and carbon tetrachloride (PRR = 7.7). In rats, we observed highest enrichment (p < 0.001) for cadmium (PRR = 8.7), carbon tetrachloride (PRR = 8.3), and dieldrin (PRR = 5.3). Our findings were robust to 1000 permutations each of variable gene set sizes. CONCLUSION We observed chemical gene sets (parathion, cadmium, naphthalene, carbon tetrachloride, arsenic, lead, dieldrin, and atrazine) were highly enriched for miscarriage genes. Exposures to chemicals linked to miscarriage, and thus linked to decreased probability of live birth, may limit the inclusion of fetuses susceptible to adverse birth outcomes in epidemiology studies. Our findings have critical public health implications for successful pregnancies and the interpretation of adverse impacts of environmental chemical exposures on pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Harris
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yuan Jin
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rita Loch-Caruso
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ingrid Y Padilla
- Department of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kelly M Bakulski
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Szlacheta Z, Wąsik M, Machoń-Grecka A, Kasperczyk A, Dobrakowski M, Bellanti F, Szlacheta P, Kasperczyk S. Potential Antioxidant Activity of Calcium and Selected Oxidative Stress Markers in Lead- and Cadmium-Exposed Workers. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8035631. [PMID: 33082913 PMCID: PMC7558770 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8035631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Occupational lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) exposure occurs during processing and casting of nonferrous metals such as zinc. In contrast to Pb and Cd, Ca is essential for living organisms due to its important role in a multitude of functions, from cell signaling to bone growth. Pb and Cd exposure affects calcium metabolism in various ways. The aim of this study was to investigate the blood levels of Pb, Cd, and Ca and the levels of selected oxidative stress biomarkers in workers exposed to Pb and Cd. Population groups included 264 male employees in a lead-zinc smelter. The study population was divided into two subgroups based on the median of Ca serum level (2.42 mmol/l): the low-Ca-level group (L-Ca group) and the high-Ca-level group (H-Ca group). Ca level was significantly higher in the H-Ca group than in the L-Ca group due to the study design (by 26%). The level of zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) was significantly higher in the L-Ca group than in the H-Ca group by 13%, while the blood lead levels (PbB) were similar in the examined groups. The level of cadmium (CdB) was significantly higher in the L-Ca group than in the H-Ca group by 33%. From oxidative stress markers in serum, only the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and ceruloplasmin (CER) were significantly higher in the L-Ca group than in the H-Ca group, by 12% and 4%, respectively. The correlation analysis showed negative correlations between Ca level and the levels of PbB, ZPP, CdB, and MDA. The presented results indicate that Ca level modulates the serum concentration of Cd and has an impact on Pb-induced impairment of heme synthesis. The higher Ca levels may lead to a decrease in the concentration of lipid peroxidation products. Moreover, serum calcium level seems to be able to modify the level of acute-phase proteins. Obtained results suggest that higher Ca level may be useful in reducing Cd level in occupationally exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Wąsik
- 2Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Institute of Medicine, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
| | - Anna Machoń-Grecka
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kasperczyk
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Michał Dobrakowski
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- 4Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Patryk Szlacheta
- 5Department of Toxicology and Health Protection, Faculty of Health Science in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
| | - Sławomir Kasperczyk
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
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Darwish WS, Chiba H, Elhelaly AE, Hui SP. Estimation of cadmium content in Egyptian foodstuffs: health risk assessment, biological responses of human HepG2 cells to food-relevant concentrations of cadmium, and protection trials using rosmarinic and ascorbic acids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:15443-15457. [PMID: 30941714 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04852-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant that can get entry into human body via ingestion of contaminated foods causing multiple organ damage. This study aimed at monitoring Cd residues in 20 foodstuffs of animal origin that are commonly consumed in Egypt. Health risk assessment was conducted via calculation of Cd dietary intakes and non-carcinogenic target hazard quotient. An in vitro approach was performed to investigate the constitutive effects of Cd on human hepatoma (HepG2) cells under food-relevant concentrations. Trials to reduce Cd-induced adverse effects on HepG2 cells were done using rosmarinic (RMA) and ascorbic acids (ASA). The achieved results indicated contamination of the tested foodstuffs with Cd at high levels with potential human health hazards. Cd at food-relevant concentrations caused significant cytotoxicity to HepG2 cells. This may be attributed to induction of oxidative stress and inflammation, as indicated by the overexpression of stress and inflammatory markers. At the same time, Cd downregulated xenobiotic transporters and upregulated the proliferation factors. Co-exposure of HepG2 cells to Cd and micronutrients such as RMA and ASA led to recovery of cells from the oxidative damage, and subsequently cell viability was strongly improved. RMA and ASA ameliorated the biological responses of HepG2 cells to Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wageh Sobhy Darwish
- Laboratory of Advanced Lipid Analysis, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
- Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Hitoshi Chiba
- Department of Nutrition, Sapporo University of Health Sciences, Nakanuma Nishi 4-2-1-15, Higashi Ku, Sapporo, 007-0894, Japan
| | - Abdelazim Elsayed Elhelaly
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
- Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Shu-Ping Hui
- Laboratory of Advanced Lipid Analysis, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
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The effects of occupational lead exposure on selected inflammatory biomarkers. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2019; 70:36-41. [PMID: 30956219 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2019-70-3214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In exposure to toxic metals such as lead, determining lead and cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α) is essential for early detection of diseases. The aim of this study was to develop an model for early detection of inflammation and onset of atherosclerosis in the absence of clinical findings in young workers, which could help physicians take timely an action and start treatment. This study included 49 metal workers exposed to lead occupationally and 50 unexposed administrative workers (controls) who underwent immunological analysis for cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α) and atherosclerosis markers (h-FABP and VCAM-1), toxicological analysis for lead, and routine biochemical analysis (ALT, AST, creatinine) at the Ankara Occupational and Environmental Diseases Hospital in 2017. Lead levels correlated with IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α (r=0.469, r=0.521 and r=0.279, respectively, p<0.01) but did not significantly affect h-FABP and VCAM-1 levels.
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