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Ye G, Sun X, Li J, Mai Y, Gao R, Zhang J. Secondary metabolites of mulberry leaves exert anti-lung cancer activity through regulating the PD-L1/PD-1 signaling pathway. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:100926. [PMID: 38974523 PMCID: PMC11226898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer ranks the top of malignancies that cause cancer-related deaths worldwide. The leaves of Morus alba L are traditional Chinese medicine widely applied in respiratory diseases. Our previous work has demonstrated the anti-lung cancer effect of secondary metabolites of mulberry leaf, but their mechanism of action has still not fully elucidated. We synthesized Moracin N (MAN)-Probe conjugated with alkyne to label lung cancer cells and identified protein targets by chemical proteomic analysis. MAN and its probe exerted similar growth-inhibitory effect on human lung cancer cells. Chemical proteomic results showed that MAN targeted the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) checkpoint pathway and T cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathway, indicating its immune-regulatory function. Cell-free surface plasmon resonance (SPR) results showed the direct interaction of MAN with PD-L1 protein. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated that MAN bound to E158 residue of PD-L1 protein. MAN downregulated the expression levels of PD-L1 in a time- and dose-dependent manner and disrupted the PD-L1/programmed death 1 (PD-1) binding, including other secondary metabolites of mulberry leaves Guangsangon E (GSE) and Chalcomoracin (CMR). Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) co-cultured with MAN-treated A549 cells, resulting in the increase of CD8+ GZMB+ T cells and the decrease of CD8+ PD-1+ T cells. It suggested that MAN exerts anti-cancer effect through blocking the PD-L1/PD-1 signaling. In vivo, MAN combined with anti-PD-1 antibody significantly inhibited lung cancer development and metastasis, indicating their synergistic effect. Taken together, secondary metabolites of mulberry leaves target the PD-L1/PD-1 signaling, enhance T cell-mediated immunity and inhibit the tumorigenesis of lung cancer. Their modulatory effect on tumor microenvironment makes them able to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Ye
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosisand Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Clinical Laboratory, Yuhuan City Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 317600, China
- Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosisand Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jiuzhou Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256600, China
| | - Yuanyuan Mai
- Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Ruilan Gao
- Institute of Hematology Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310060, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosisand Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
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Batiha GES, Al-Snafi AE, Thuwaini MM, Teibo JO, Shaheen HM, Akomolafe AP, Teibo TKA, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Garbeeb AI, Alexiou A, Papadakis M. Morus alba: a comprehensive phytochemical and pharmacological review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023:10.1007/s00210-023-02434-4. [PMID: 36877269 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02434-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Morus alba is a fast-growing shrub or medium-sized tree with a straight, cylindrical trunk. Medicinally, whole plants, leaves, fruits, branches, and roots have been employed. Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used to search for relevant material on the phytochemical components and pharmacologic and mechanism of action of the Morus alba. This was reviewed to assess important updates about Morus alba. The fruits of Morus alba have traditionally been used as an analgesic, anthelmintic, antibacterial, anti-rheumatic, diuretic, hypotensive, hypoglycemia, purgative, restorative, sedative tonic, and blood stimulant. Various plant parts were used as a cooling, sedating, diuretic, tonic, and astringent agent to treat nerve disorders. The plant contained tannins, steroids, phytosterols, sitosterol, glycosides, alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins, and amino acids, as well as saponins, triterpenes, phenolics, flavonoids, benzofuran derivatives, anthocyanins, anthraquinones, glycosides, vitamins, and minerals. Previous pharmacological research identified antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunological, analgesic, antipyretic, antioxidant, anti-cancer, antidiabetic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, cardiovascular, hypolipidemic, anti-obesity, dermatological, neurological, muscular, and protecting effects. This study looked at Morus alba's traditional uses, chemical components, and pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, El Beheira, Egypt.
| | - Ali Esmail Al-Snafi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, Iraq
| | - Mahdi M Thuwaini
- College of Medical and Healthy Techniques, Southern Technique University, Basra, Iraq
| | - John Oluwafemi Teibo
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão, Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Hazem M Shaheen
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, El Beheira, Egypt
| | | | - Titilade Kehinde Ayandeyi Teibo
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão PretoRibeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacologyand, Therapeutic Medicine, College of Medicine , Almustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Garbeeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacologyand, Therapeutic Medicine, College of Medicine , Almustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia.,AFNP Med, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
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Jeong UY, Jung J, Lee EB, Choi JH, Kim JS, Jang HH, Park SY, Lee SH. Antioxidant and Immune Stimulating Effects of Allium hookeri Extracts in the RAW 264.7 Cells and Immune-Depressed C57BL/6 Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101927. [PMID: 36290655 PMCID: PMC9598749 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the antioxidant and immune-enhancing effects of the extracts from Allium hookeri leaves and roots (AHL and AHR) in in vitro and in vivo models. Their antioxidant effects were determined by total phenolic content (TPC), DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. The immunomodulatory effects were evaluated by nitric oxide (NO) production and cytokine concentrations produced from RAW 264.7, and by serum IgA and IgG levels, cytokine levels, and NK cell activities in the immunosuppressed C57BL/6 mice. AHL and AHR extracts improved antioxidant activities and productions of NO and cytokines without cytotoxicity in the RAW 264.7 cells. AHL and AHR groups showed significantly higher serum IgA and IgG levels, Th1 cytokine concentrations, splenocyte proliferations, and NK cell activities than the NC group which was not treated with AHL or AHR extract. AHR extract showed higher values than AHL extract in the factors evaluated in this study. The results show that they have high antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects and can be used as novel potential therapeutic candidates to treat related diseases and to improve public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Un-Yul Jeong
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
| | - Jieun Jung
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
| | - Eun-Byeol Lee
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Choi
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
| | - Hwan-Hee Jang
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
| | - Sung-Hyen Lee
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-238-3681
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Wu S, Luo H, Zhong Z, Ai Y, Zhao Y, Liang Q, Wang Y. Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Quality Control of Xiasangju: A Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:930813. [PMID: 35814215 PMCID: PMC9259862 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.930813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
As a traditional Chinese herbal formula, Xiasangju (XSJ) is widely used in China for antipyresis and influenza treatment. However, XSJ still fails to have a comprehensive summary of the research progress in the last decade. This review summarizes the advanced research on the extraction process, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, and quality control of XSJ. Current research mainly focuses on quality control and the pharmacological effects of single herbs and active ingredients, but many pharmacological mechanisms of the formula are unclear. The development of active ingredients reflects the active characteristics of triterpenes, phenolic acids and flavonoids, but the hepatotoxicity of Prunella vulgaris L. has not been taken into account. XSJ has extensive historical practical experiences, while systematic clinical trials remain lacking. Therefore, it is necessary to study the active ingredients and define the mechanisms of XSJ to develop multiple applications, and further studies on the dose range between its hepatoprotective activity and hepatotoxicity are necessary to improve the safety of the clinical application. In this review, the current problems are discussed to facilitate the reference basis for the subsequent research on the development of XSJ and future application directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Wu
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Hua Luo
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yongjian Ai
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Beijing Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Yonghua Zhao, ; Qionglin Liang, ; Yitao Wang,
| | - Qionglin Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Beijing Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yonghua Zhao, ; Qionglin Liang, ; Yitao Wang,
| | - Yitao Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Yonghua Zhao, ; Qionglin Liang, ; Yitao Wang,
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Guo G, Kong Y, Su J, Wang G, Zhang M, Wang S, Song Z. Immunomodulatory activity of aqueous extract from Crassostrea sikamea in the splenocytes of Sprague-Dawley rats. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:813-821. [PMID: 35282010 PMCID: PMC8907723 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crassostrea sikamea (C. sikamea) is used as an important edible and medicinal seafood in China. In the present study, an aqueous extract of C. sikamea (AECs) was prepared, and its immunomodulatory effects on rat splenocytes were studied. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay revealed that AECs was able to promote splenocyte proliferation. Moreover, flow cytometry revealed that AECs treatment markedly altered the populations of splenic lymphocyte subtypes. Data from real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that AECs promoted the mRNA expression and secretion of TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, and IFN-γ. Mechanistically, p38 MAPK phosphorylation in splenocytes was significantly upregulated under AECs treatment and p38 MAPK inhibitor reversed the promoting effect of AECs on the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, our novel evidence suggests that AECs exhibits immunomodulatory activity in vitro, supporting the further application of C. sikamea as a potential functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein ScreeningSchool of Life SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Ying Kong
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicine ProductsNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Jie Su
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicine ProductsNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Geng Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein ScreeningSchool of Life SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Muqing Zhang
- School of Molecular & Cellular BiologyUniversity of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Shuyue Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein ScreeningSchool of Life SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicine ProductsNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Zhenbo Song
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicine ProductsNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
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Kim S, Lee CH, Yeo JY, Hwang KW, Park SY. Immunostimulatory activity of stem bark of Kalopanax pictus in RAW 264.7 macrophage. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kong Y, Wang LH, Liu L, Zheng LH, Bao YL, Liu XX, Wang SY, Song ZB. Immunomodulatory effects of flazin from Crassostrea sikamea on splenic lymphocytes of Sprague-Dawley rats. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:836-843. [PMID: 34844722 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60119-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Crassostrea sikamea (C.sikamea) is an important edible and medicinal seafood in China. In the present study, a compound named flazin was separated and identified from the ethyl acetate extract of C.sikamea (EAECs) for the first time. In addition, the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetra zolium (MTS) assay revealed that EAECs and flazin inhibited the transformation of splenic lymphocytes in vitro. Moreover, flazin (20 μg·mL-1) altered the populations of splenic lymphocyte subtypes. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that flazin suppressed the mRNA expression and secretion of TNF-α and IL-2, and reversed Concanavalin A (ConA)-induced mRNA up-regulation and protein secretion of TNF-α and IL-2. Western blot results showed that flazin reversed ConA-induced increases in p-ERK1/2 and p-p38 in splenocytes. In conclusion, flazin exhibits effective immunomodulatory function and may be useful for treating immune-related disorders, which indicates the application potential of C.sikamea as a functional food or immunomodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Kong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Li-Hua Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Lei Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicine Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Li-Hua Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicine Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Yong-Li Bao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicine Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Xiu-Xian Liu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shu-Yue Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicine Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Zhen-Bo Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicine Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China.
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Chang BY, Koo BS, Kim SY. Pharmacological Activities for Morus alba L., Focusing on the Immunostimulatory Property from the Fruit Aqueous Extract. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081966. [PMID: 34441742 PMCID: PMC8393821 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Depending on the extraction method, numerous compounds that have specific pharmacological effects can be obtained from M. alba L. There is a growing scientific interest in health problems related to aging. Efforts to develop safe immune-enhancing pharmaceuticals are increasing. This review aims to summarize and critically discuss the immunity enhancement effects and pharmaceutical efficacy of M. alba L. extracts. The scientific database search was conducted using Google Scholar, Web of Science, and PubMed until May 2021. Additional articles were identified and obtained from references in the retrieved articles. Ethanol or methanol extraction of various parts of M. alba L. identified a large amount of phenols and flavonoids, which are effective for immunosuppression, antioxidants, and cardiovascular diseases, and are antibacterial, and anticancer. Water extraction of M. alba L. enhanced the innate immune response based on immune cell activation. A polysaccharide and an alkaloid related to increased macrophage activity were isolated from M. alba L. fruit extracts. M. alba L. fruit water extracts primarily induced the production of pro-inflammatory substances, in model organisms, via TLR4 in immune cells. Water extracts have been shown to be effective in pathogen defense and tumor suppression by enhancing macrophage activity. Based on our literature review on the bioactivity of M. alba L. fruit extracts, particularly in relation to their immunity enhancement activity, we anticipate that M. alba-derived pharmaceuticals will have excellent potential in future medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yoon Chang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk, Iksan 54538, Korea;
| | - Bong-Seong Koo
- ForBioKorea Co., Ltd., Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 08592, Korea;
| | - Sung-Yeon Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk, Iksan 54538, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-850-6806
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Effects of mulberry (Morus alba L.) Leaf extracts on growth, immune response, and antioxidant functions in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This study evaluates how white mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf extracts affect the growth, antioxidant activity, and immune response in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Mulberry leaf extracts were obtained through aqueous extraction (AE) and ethanol extraction (EE). Powder of mulberry leaf (PML) was added directly to feed and compared with the effects of feeds supplemented with the different extracts. Fish were divided into eight groups for an 8-week feeding trial where they were fed the basal diet or supplementation with 10% PML, 10% AE, 20% AE, 40% AE, 10% EE, 20% EE, or 40% EE. The inclusion of mulberry leaf extract obtained with either method showed better effects on fish growth performance, antioxidant activities and acid phosphatase activity (ACP) in serum, immune cytokine expression, and intestinal morphology as compared with controls or fish fed the 10% PML diet. The specific growth rate was significantly higher in the 10% AE, 10% EE, and 20% EE groups compared with all other groups (P<0.05). Catalase activity was significantly greater in most groups fed an extract, and in the 10% PML group, when compared with controls. Similarly, ACP, interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-2 expression was significantly increased in groups fed an extract, and in the 10% PML group, when compared with controls (P<0.05). IL-1, IL-2, IL-10, and Toll-like receptor 2 expression was significantly greater in the 10% EE group than in the 10% PML and 10% AE groups (P<0.05). Villus length in the middle intestine was significantly increased in the 10% AE and 10% EE groups compared with controls and the 10% PML group (P<0.05). Thus, 10% mulberry leaf ethanol extract added to feed is recommended for enhancing the growth rate and health of cultured Nile tilapia.
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Sousa MGDC, Xavier PD, Cantuária APDC, Amorim IA, Almeida JA, Franco OL, Rezende TMB. Antimicrobial and immunomodulatory in vitro profile of double antibiotic paste. Int Endod J 2021; 54:1850-1860. [PMID: 34033685 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity of double antibiotic paste (DAP) in an in vitro infection model. METHODOLOGY The minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) and the antibiofilm activities (TTC assay) of DAP and its components (ciprofloxacin and metronidazole) were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis compared with triple antibiotic paste (TAP). The cellular viability of RAW 264.7 macrophages (24 and 72 h) and L929 fibroblasts (48 and 72 h) was evaluated by MTT. Furthermore, the production of TNF-α, IL-12, IL-6, IL-1α, IL-10 and NO (on RAW 264.7), besides IL-6, TGF-β and NO (on L929), stimulated with DAP in baseline and associated with heat-killed microbial-antigen conditions was measured by ELISA and Griess reaction. Data were analysed using the one-way ANOVA test with Bonferroni's corrections. RESULTS The MBC of pharmacopoeia DAP was similar to TAP for E. faecalis (0.25 μg. mL-1 ) and lower for S. aureus (DAP 1 μg. mL-1 and TAP 2 μg. mL-1 ; p < .001). Ciprofloxacin was the most effective antibiofilm drug from the pastes (35% of reduction for E. faecalis and S. aureus; p < .0001), and both pastes had a similar antibiofilm eradication against both biofilm species (29% and 35% for S. aureus and 76% and 85% for E. faecalis; p < .0001). DAP was cytotoxic against the tested cells. DAP significantly upregulated IL-1α (p < .001), IL-6 (p < .0001), TNF-α (p < .01) and IL-12 (p < .05; in the absence of antigens) and significantly reduced IL-6 (p < .0001; in the presence of HK-S. aureus) and IL-10 (p < .05; in the presence of both antigens) on macrophages. Furthermore, DAP upregulated IL-6 (p < .001) and NO (p < .05; in the absence of antigens), IL-6 (p < .001; in the presence of HK-S. aureus) and reduced NO (p < .001; in the presence of HK-S. aureus). CONCLUSIONS Double antibiotic paste and TAP had similar antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and E. faecalis. DAP upregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines mainly in the absence of antigens and had pro- and anti-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 macrophages and L929 fibroblasts in the presence of antigens involved in pulp infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício Gonçalves da Costa Sousa
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ingrid Aquino Amorim
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.,Curso de Odontologia, Centro Universitário Unieuro, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Jeeser Alves Almeida
- Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Octavio Luiz Franco
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.,Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.,S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Taia Maria Berto Rezende
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.,Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.,Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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11
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Neamat-Allah ANF, Mahmoud EA, Mahsoub Y. Effects of dietary white mulberry leaves on hemato-biochemical alterations, immunosuppression and oxidative stress induced by Aeromonas hydrophila in Oreochromis niloticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 108:147-156. [PMID: 33301933 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The present work was designed to assess the potential hemato-biochemical protective action, immunemodulatory and antioxidant conclusions of varied concentration of white mulberry Morus alba leaves (MAL) extract supplementation on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis .niloticus). A total two hundred and forty of O. niloticus were haphazardly sorted into four groups. The control (CT) group was fed on basal diet. A group MAL1, MAL3 and MAL5 was fed on 1, 3 and 5 g/kg MAL respectively for thirty days. On day thirty one, half of replicates in each group were challenged by 0.5 ml × 108Aeromonas hydrophila where, the residual replicates were kept without challenge. A. hydrophila challenged tilapias revealed anemia that alleviated by supplementation with 5 g/kg MAL also, recovers the shift of leucogram prompted by the challenge. Elevation of alkaline phosphatase, aminotransferases, lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde (ALP, ALT, AST, LDH and MDA) in CT, MAL1 and MAL3 in the challenged replicates respectively where within normal at MAL5. Supplementation with MAL5 showed more potent antioxidant and immune reaction than MAL1 and MAL3. There were a rapid increase of immunoglobulin M, lysozymes, nitric oxide, catalase and superoxide dismutase and their allied genes expression (IgM, CAT and SOD) in MAL groups with contrast in CT challenged groups. Where in challenged groups, there was suppression in genes expression of interleukins (8 and 1 beta) and interferon ɤ (IL8. IL-1β and INFɤ). Tilapias challenged by A. hydrophila unveiled plentiful surge in the percentage of mortality in CT challenged fish (80%), followed by the groups supplemented with MAL1 and MAL3 were (73.33%) where MAL5 was 20%. The mortalities have been halted from the 6th, 13th, 14th and 15th days in, MAL5, MAL3, MAL1, and CT correspondingly. These previous results could be fulfilled that using of MAL 5 g/kg protect tilapias from hemato-biochemical alterations and enhance its immune feedback, antioxidant defense and resistance against A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed N F Neamat-Allah
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 1 Al-Zeraa Street, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
| | - Essam A Mahmoud
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 1 Al-Zeraa Street, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Y Mahsoub
- Fish Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
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12
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Sousa MGC, Xavier PD, Cantuária APDC, Porcino RA, Almeida JA, Franco OL, Rezende TMB. Host defense peptide IDR-1002 associated with ciprofloxacin as a new antimicrobial and immunomodulatory strategy for dental pulp revascularization therapy. Microb Pathog 2020; 152:104634. [PMID: 33242643 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative therapies such as dental pulpal revascularization appear as an option for traumatized immature permanent teeth. However, the triple antibiotic paste - TAP (metronidazole, minocycline, and ciprofloxacin), used for these therapies, can generate cytotoxicity and dentin discoloration. In contrast, host defense peptides (HDPs) are promising antimicrobial and immunomodulatory biomolecules for dentistry. This study aimed to evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial activity (against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) and the immunomodulatory potential (by the evaluation of IL-1α, IL-6, IL-12, IL-10, TNF-α and NO, in RAW 264.7 macrophages and IL-6, TGF-β and NO, in L929 fibroblast) of synthetic peptides (DJK-6, IDR-1018, and IDR-1002), compared to TAP in an in vitro infection model containing heat-killed antigens from E. faecalis and S. aureus. Furthermore, the synergistic potential of ciprofloxacin and IDR-1002 was evaluated by checkerboard. Ciprofloxacin was the best antimicrobial of TAP, besides acting in synergism with IDR-1002. TAP was pro-inflammatory (p < 0.05), while the association of ciprofloxacin and IDR-1002 presented an anti-inflammatory profile mainly in the presence of both heat-killed antigens (p < 0.05). Based on these results, ciprofloxacin associated with IDR-1002 may demonstrate an efficient antimicrobial and immunomodulatory action in this in vitro model. Further in vivo studies may determine the real potential of this combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício Gonçalves C Sousa
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Patrícia D Xavier
- Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de C Cantuária
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Rayssa A Porcino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Jeeser A Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Octávio L Franco
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação Em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Taia Maria B Rezende
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
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13
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Huang ST, Lai HC, Lin YC, Huang WT, Hung HH, Ou SC, Lin HJ, Hung MC. Principles and treatment strategies for the use of Chinese herbal medicine in patients at different stages of coronavirus infection. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2010-2031. [PMID: 32774998 PMCID: PMC7407358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel, human-infecting β-coronavirus enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, similar to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) infection that emerged in November 2002. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the epidemic disease concepts of "febrile epidemics" (wenyi) or "warm diseases" (wenbing) are based on geographic and cultural aspects, and Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) played an important role in the treatment of epidemic diseases. CHM was widely used to treat patients suffered with SARS almost two decades ago during outbreak of SARS, with proven safety and potential benefits. TCM has also been widely used to treat cancer patients for a long history and much of them associate with immunomodulatory activity and are used to treat coronavirus-related diseases. We propose the use of CHM treatment principles for clinical practice, based on four main stages of COVID-19 infection: early, intermediate, severe, and convalescence. We suggest corresponding decoctions that exhibit antiviral activity and anti-inflammatory effects in the early stage of infection; preventing the disease from progressing from an intermediate to severe stage of infection; restoring normal lung function and improving consciousness in the severe stage; and ameliorating pulmonary and vascular injury in the convalescent stage. We summarize the pharmaceutical mechanisms of CHM for treating coronavirus via antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Teng Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical UniversityTainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chun Lai
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Te Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hsiu Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Chen Ou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
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14
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Kim JH, Kim YS, Choi JG, Li W, Lee EJ, Park JW, Song J, Chung HS. Kaempferol and Its Glycoside, Kaempferol 7-O-Rhamnoside, Inhibit PD-1/PD-L1 Interaction In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093239. [PMID: 32375257 PMCID: PMC7247329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaempferol (KO) and kaempferol 7-O-rhamnoside (KR) are natural products from various oriental herbs such as Geranii Herba. Previous studies have reported some biological activities of KO and KR; however, their effects on PD-1/PD-L1 interaction have not been reported yet. To elucidate their inhibitory activities on PD-1/PD-L1 protein–protein interaction (PPI), biochemical assays including competitive ELISA and biolayer interferometry (BLI) systems were performed. Cellular PD-1/PD-L1 blocking activity was measured in a co-culture system with PD-1 Jurkat and PD-L1/aAPC CHO-K1 cells by T-cell receptor (TCR) activation-induced nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)-luciferase reporter assay. The detailed binding mode of action was simulated by an in silico docking study and pharmacophore analysis. Competitive ELISA revealed that KO and its glycoside KR significantly inhibited PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. Cellular PD-1/PD-L1 blocking activity was monitored by KO and KR at non-cytotoxic concentration. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and biolayer interferometry (BLI) analysis suggested the binding affinity and direct inhibition of KR against PD-1/PD-L1. An in silico docking simulation determined the detailed mode of binding of KR to PD-1/PD-L1. Collectively, these results suggest that KR could be developed as a potent small molecule inhibitor for PD-1/PD-L1 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.H.K.); (Y.S.K.); (J.-G.C.); (W.L.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Young Soo Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.H.K.); (Y.S.K.); (J.-G.C.); (W.L.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Jang-Gi Choi
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.H.K.); (Y.S.K.); (J.-G.C.); (W.L.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Wei Li
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.H.K.); (Y.S.K.); (J.-G.C.); (W.L.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Eun Jin Lee
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.H.K.); (Y.S.K.); (J.-G.C.); (W.L.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Jin-Wan Park
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Korea; (J.-W.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Jaeyoung Song
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Korea; (J.-W.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Hwan-Suck Chung
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.H.K.); (Y.S.K.); (J.-G.C.); (W.L.); (E.J.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-940-3875
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15
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Dantas EMGL, Lima SMF, Cantuária APC, Amorim IA, Almeida JA, Cunha TF, Franco OL, Rezende TMB. Synergistic activity of chlorhexidine and synoeca-MP peptide against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16068-16079. [PMID: 30740688 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities and cytotoxicity of chlorhexidine (CHX) and synoeca-MP peptide alone or in combination against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antimicrobial property was evaluated by the determination of minimal inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and planktonic bacteria and biofilm inhibition. Immunomodulatory activity was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and nitric oxide production by the Griess reaction method. According to the results, synoeca-MP combined with CHX demonstrated antimicrobial effectiveness compared with its isolated use, in addition to immunomodulatory activity (upregulating MPC-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α and downregulating nitric oxide and interleukin-10). In this context, it is expected that the substances, together, could be capable of controlling bacterial infection and dissemination, besides potentiating macrophages' immune response against the studied microorganism. Moreover, reducing the CHX concentration by the addition of synoeca-MP peptide may, in a beneficial way, minimize the undesirable effects of both, CHX and synoeca-MP in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine M G L Dantas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.,Curso de Odontologia, Escola de Saúde, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Campus 1, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.,Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Escola de Saúde, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Campus Avançado Asa Norte, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Stella M F Lima
- Curso de Odontologia, Escola de Saúde, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Campus 1, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.,Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Escola de Saúde, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Campus Avançado Asa Norte, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula C Cantuária
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Ingrid A Amorim
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Escola de Saúde, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Campus Avançado Asa Norte, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Jeeser A Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tássio F Cunha
- Curso de Odontologia, Escola de Saúde, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Campus 1, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Octávio L Franco
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Escola de Saúde, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Campus Avançado Asa Norte, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.,Programa de Doutorado da Rede Centro-Oeste, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.,S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Taia M B Rezende
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.,Curso de Odontologia, Escola de Saúde, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Campus 1, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.,Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Escola de Saúde, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Campus Avançado Asa Norte, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
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16
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Auliafendri N, Rosidah, Yuandani, Suryani S, Satria D. The Immunomodulatory Activities of Picria Fel-Terrae Lour Herbs towards RAW 264.7 Cells. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:24-28. [PMID: 30740154 PMCID: PMC6352470 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate immunomodulatory activities of Picria fel-terrae Lour herbs extract against inflammatory biomarkers by conducting cell culture experiments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The herbs of Picria fel-terrae Lour were dried and extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, 96% ethanol, followed by evaporation and freeze-drying. Phytochemicals screening were analysed with thin layer chromatography method. Cell viability was assessed with MTT assay. The genes of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-6, interleukin (IL)-1β and inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS), Cyclooxygenase (COX-2) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages were analysed by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method. RESULTS: Phytochemicals screening showed the presence of steroids in n-hexane extract (ENPFH) and flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins in ethyl acetate (EEAPFH) and ethanol (EEPFH) extracts. The Viability of RAW 264.7 cell toward ENPFH, EEAPFH, and EEPFH (1-200 μgmL-1) showed no toxicity effects. At the gene level, ENPFH; EEAPFH; EEPFH decreased the gene expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS, and COX-2 which induced with LPS (1 μgmL-1). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that extracts of Picria fel-terrae Lour Herbs possesses immunomodulatory activities by inhibiting selected inflammatory biomarkers at the gene levels in LPS-induced macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novycha Auliafendri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Rosidah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Yuandani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Sri Suryani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Denny Satria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
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17
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Lee S, Kwon HK, Park H, Park Y. Solid–state fermentation of germinated black bean (Rhynchosia nulubilis) using Lactobacillus pentosus SC65 and its immunostimulatory effect. FOOD BIOSCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Identification of Anti-Melanogenesis Constituents from Morus alba L. Leaves. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102559. [PMID: 30297610 PMCID: PMC6222840 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The individual parts of Morus alba L. including root bark, branches, leaves, and fruits are used as a cosmetic ingredient in many Asian countries. This study identified several anti-melanogenesis constituents in a 70% ethanol extract of M. alba leaves. The ethyl acetate fraction of the initial ethanol extract decreased the activity of tyrosinase, a key enzyme in the synthetic pathway of melanin. Twelve compounds were isolated from this fraction and their structures were identified based on spectroscopic spectra. Then, the authors investigated the anti-melanogenesis effects of the isolated compounds in B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells. Compounds 3 and 8 significantly inhibited not only melanin production but also intracellular tyrosinase activity in alpha-melanocyte-stimulating-hormone (α-MSH)-induced B16-F10 cells in a dose-dependent manner. These same compounds also inhibited melanogenesis-related protein expression such as microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase, and tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1). Compound 3 modulated the cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) and p38 signaling pathways in α-MSH-activated B16-F10 melanoma cells, which resulted in the anti-melanogenesis effects. These results suggest that compound 3, isolated from M. alba leaves, could be used to inhibit melanin production via the regulation of melanogenesis-related protein expression.
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19
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Zhang J, Wang D, Wu Y, Li W, Hu Y, Zhao G, Fu C, Fu S, Zou L. Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles for Oral Delivery of Tartary Buckwheat Flavonoids. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:4923-4932. [PMID: 29696978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids rich in Tartary buckwheat (TBFs) are the acknowledged health-promoting substances, even with the low oral bioavailability due to its chemical instability in gastrointestinal tract and poor intestinal absorption. To obtain the enhanced oral delivery, TBFs, obtained by an environmentally friendly extraction strategy in advance with the amount of 7.66 ± 0.47 mg rutin/g, was incorporated in biocompatible lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs). Its high encapsulation efficiency of 96.4% ± 1.1%, narrow size distribution of 61.25 ± 1.83 nm with spherical shape, and good storage stability were observed. Compared to free TBFs, TBFs/LPNs exhibited higher antioxidant activity and significant suppression on the pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in RAW 264.7 macrophage. Moreover, the enhanced delivery of TBFs/LPNs was also embodied in the improved transmembrane transport in Caco-2 monolayer, suggesting its better intestinal absorption, and significantly immune-enhancing efficacy in immunosuppressed mice. These results demonstrated the new perspectives of Tartary buckwheat flavonoids-loaded nanosystem for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Zhang
- School of Pharmacy , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu 611137 , China
| | - Di Wang
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry , Dali University , Dali , Yunnan 671000 , China
| | - Yihan Wu
- School of Pharmacy , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu 611137 , China
| | | | | | | | - Chaomei Fu
- School of Pharmacy , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu 611137 , China
| | - Shu Fu
- School of Pharmacy , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu 611137 , China
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20
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Kwon DAH, Jeong JW, Choi EO, Lee HW, Lee KW, Kim KY, Kim SG, Hong SH, Kim GY, Park C, Hwang HJ, Son CG, Choi YH. Inhibitory effects on the production of inflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen species by Mori folium in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages and zebrafish. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018; 89:661-674. [PMID: 28562828 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mori folium, the leaf of Morus alba L. (Moraceae), has been traditionally used for various medicinal purposes from ancient times to the present. In this study, we examined the effects of water extract of Mori folium (WEMF) on the production of inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. Our data indicated that WEMF significantly suppressed the secretion of NO and PGE2 in RAW 264.7 macrophages without any significant cytotoxicity. The protective effects were accompanied by a marked reduction in their regulatory gene expression at the transcription level. WEMF attenuated LPS-induced intracellular ROS production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. It inhibited the nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor-kappa B p65 subunit and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, WEMF reduced LPS-induced NO production and ROS accumulation in zebrafish. Although more efforts are needed to fully understand the critical role of WEMF in the inhibition of inflammation, the findings of the present study may provide insights into the approaches for Mori folium as a potential therapeutic agent for inflammatory and antioxidant disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- DA Hye Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ok Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Marine Bio-industry Development Center, Bio-Port Korea INC, Gijang-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Kim
- Marine Bio-industry Development Center, Bio-Port Korea INC, Gijang-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Goo Kim
- Marine Bio-industry Development Center, Bio-Port Korea INC, Gijang-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences & Human Ecology, Dongeui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences & Human Ecology, Dongeui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Daejeon Oriental Hospital, Oriental Medical College, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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周 萍, 董 晓, 汤 平. [Sanggenon C induces apoptosis of prostate cancer PC3 cells by activating caspase 3 and caspase 9 pathways]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2017; 37:1206-1210. [PMID: 28951363 PMCID: PMC6765487 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.09.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Sanggenon C in inducing apoptosis of prostate cancer PC3 cell line and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS The proliferation of PC3 cells treated for 24 h with 1, 5, 20, 50, and 100 µmol/L sanggenon C or treated with 20 µmol/L Sanggenon C for 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h was evaluated using MTT assay. Flow cytometry was performed for analysis of apoptosis of PC3 cells after exposure to sanggenon C with different treatment protocols, and the activity of caspase 3 was detected using spectrofluorometry. The inhibitory effect of sanggenon C on PC3 cells pretreated with DMSO, z-DEVD-fmk, z-LEHD-fmk or z-IETD-fmk for 1 h was detected by MTT assay. RESULTS Sanggenon C inhibited the proliferation of PC3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05 except for 1 µmol/L group) with a 24-h IC50 of 18.76 µmol/L. Sanggenon C at 20 µmol/L caused inhibition rates of PC3 cells of 10.57%, 27.09%, 51.88%, 80.73% and 87.99% after treatment for 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively (P<0.05), and resulted in apoptosis rates of 7.43%, 20.91% and 37.56% at 12 h, 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Sanggenon C significantly increased caspase-3 activity in the cells, and its effect on PC3 cell proliferation was partially reversed by caspase 3 and caspase 9 inhibitors. CONCLUSION Sanggenon C can dose-dependently induce growth inhibition and apoptosis of PC3 cells possibly by activating caspase 9 and caspase 3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- 萍 周
- 广州医科大学 基础医学研究中心,广东 广州 511436Basic Medical Research Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436
| | - 晓先 董
- 广州医科大学 病理生理学教研室,广东 广州 511436Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - 平 汤
- 广州市第一人民医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510180Department of Urology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510180, China
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周 萍, 董 晓, 汤 平. [Sanggenon C induces apoptosis of prostate cancer PC3 cells by activating caspase 3 and caspase 9 pathways]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2017; 37:1206-1210. [PMID: 28951363 PMCID: PMC6765487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Sanggenon C in inducing apoptosis of prostate cancer PC3 cell line and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS The proliferation of PC3 cells treated for 24 h with 1, 5, 20, 50, and 100 µmol/L sanggenon C or treated with 20 µmol/L Sanggenon C for 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h was evaluated using MTT assay. Flow cytometry was performed for analysis of apoptosis of PC3 cells after exposure to sanggenon C with different treatment protocols, and the activity of caspase 3 was detected using spectrofluorometry. The inhibitory effect of sanggenon C on PC3 cells pretreated with DMSO, z-DEVD-fmk, z-LEHD-fmk or z-IETD-fmk for 1 h was detected by MTT assay. RESULTS Sanggenon C inhibited the proliferation of PC3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05 except for 1 µmol/L group) with a 24-h IC50 of 18.76 µmol/L. Sanggenon C at 20 µmol/L caused inhibition rates of PC3 cells of 10.57%, 27.09%, 51.88%, 80.73% and 87.99% after treatment for 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively (P<0.05), and resulted in apoptosis rates of 7.43%, 20.91% and 37.56% at 12 h, 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Sanggenon C significantly increased caspase-3 activity in the cells, and its effect on PC3 cell proliferation was partially reversed by caspase 3 and caspase 9 inhibitors. CONCLUSION Sanggenon C can dose-dependently induce growth inhibition and apoptosis of PC3 cells possibly by activating caspase 9 and caspase 3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- 萍 周
- 广州医科大学 基础医学研究中心,广东 广州 511436Basic Medical Research Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436
| | - 晓先 董
- 广州医科大学 病理生理学教研室,广东 广州 511436Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - 平 汤
- 广州市第一人民医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510180Department of Urology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510180, China
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