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AlAli MN, Zubaidi A, Traiki TAB, Alkhayal K, Sbaih M, Aldeghaither SK, Almugrin FF, Alshammari SA, Alswayyed M, Abdullah M. Appendiceal neoplasms in Saudi Arabia: prevalence and clinicopathological profile. Ann Saudi Med 2024; 44:255-263. [PMID: 39127899 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2024.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The appendix is a small organ with no particular known function. Primary appendiceal neoplasms (ANs) are rare. While the prevalence is increasing worldwide over the past two decades, no apparent increase in the prevalence of ANs has been reported in the Arabian Gulf States. Recently, a significant decline in the age at diagnosis of some types of ANs has been reported worldwide, with a female predominance. OBJECTIVES Evaluate the prevalence and clinicopathological characteristics of ANs within our institution in Saudi Arabia and compare them to limited existing studies from different regions as well as the Arabian Gulf States. DESIGN Retrospective cohort. SETTING Tertiary care center in Riyadh. PATIENTS AND METHODS All patients who underwent appendectomy and had the appendix submitted for histopathological evaluation between May 2015 and June 2020 were included to allow for a follow-up of 5 years or more at the time of data collection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Demographics, clinical presentations, surgical interventions, histopathological findings, complications, and recurrence rates. SAMPLE SIZE 25 AN patients. RESULTS Of 1110 patients, 25 had ANs (13 female and 12 male participants) with a mean (standard deviation) age of 54.6 (14.1) years. Only 40% presented with acute appendicitis, 64% had comorbidities, and less than 50% underwent laparoscopic appendectomy. Histopathologically, 72% were low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMNs). Complications were minimal grades (Clavien-Dindo classification), with 80% experiencing none. The mean hospital stay was 9.96 days. Local recurrence occurred in 8% of cases, and distant metastasis was documented in one adenocarcinoma case. However, the 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 88% and 80%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of ANs is increasing in Saudi Arabia with the higher prevalence of LAMNs. The pathological examination of the resected appendix played a pivotal role in the diagnosis of ANs. LIMITATIONS Data collected retrospectively, a single institution, and a small population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nabil AlAli
- From the Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- From the Department of Surgery, Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Zubaidi
- From the Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer A Bin Traiki
- From the Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khayal Alkhayal
- From the Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Sbaih
- From the Department of Surgery, Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Khalid Aldeghaither
- From the Department of Surgery, Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farah F Almugrin
- From the College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Abdullah Alshammari
- From the Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alswayyed
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Abdullah
- From the Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Elwali NE, AlShareef SM, Khamis AH, Elhassan MMA. Pancreatic cancer in Saudi Arabia (2005-2020): increasing trend. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:653. [PMID: 38811942 PMCID: PMC11134752 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12401-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, a highly fatal malignancy, has shown a global rise in the incidence and mortality rates. However, these rates vary significantly across different regions worldwide. This study aims to assess the incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer in Saudi Arabia. We collected the data from 16 annual cancer incidence reports in Saudi Arabia for the study period (2005-2020) and from the WHO's IARC Global Cancer Observatory website. Although the burden of pancreatic cancer in Saudi Arabia is relatively lower compared to global rates, the disease incidence has shown a steady increase over the study period, in addition to regional variations within the country. The disease predominantly affects the elderly population, aged 50 years and above in both genders, with males exhibiting higher rates than females. Further studies are required to identify the potential risk factors for pancreatic cancer in the Saudi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasr Eldin Elwali
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saad Mohammed AlShareef
- Department of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar H Khamis
- Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Moawia M A Elhassan
- Department of Oncology, University of Gezira, National Cancer Institute, Wad Medani, Sudan
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Omar MT, Al-Malki MH, Bindawas SM, Alnahdi AH, Aljehan GH, M Al-Omari BN, Alhammad SA. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Arabic version of McGill quality of life: revised questionnaire in the patients with cancer. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:1878-1887. [PMID: 37144328 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2207220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aims of this study were to translate and culturally adapt the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire-revised (MQOL-R) to modern standard Arabic and to examine its reliability, construct, and discriminative validity in Arab patients with cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Translation and cultural adaptation of the English MQOL-R to modern standard Arabic were performed according to international guidelines. For psychometric evaluation, 125 participants with cancer were selected and completed the MQOL-R along with Global Health Status/QoL and functional subscales of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status rating (ECOG-PS). The MQOL-R was tested for internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity. RESULTS The Arabic MQOL-R questionnaire had adequate internal consistency with Cronbach's alphas between 0.75 and 0.91. Test-retest reliability was very strong (ICC2.1 =0.91 to 0.96, p < 0.001). As hypothesized, the Arabic MQOL-R subscales demonstrated moderate to excellent correlation with functional subscales of EORTC QLQ-C30, and moderate to good correlation with Global health status/QoL. CONCLUSION The Arabic MQOL-R Questionnaire has adequate psychometric properties. Hence, it can be utilized in rehabilitation settings and research to measure health-related quality of life in the Arabic-speaking cancer population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ta Omar
- Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Majed Hassan Al-Malki
- Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
- Rehabilitation Department, Prince Mishari Bin Saoud Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M Bindawas
- Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Alnahdi
- Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaidaa H Aljehan
- Rehabilitation Department, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Badr Nasser M Al-Omari
- Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
- Rehabilitation Department, Prince Mishari Bin Saoud Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad A Alhammad
- Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Tayeb AF, Subahi FS, Al-Ghanmi AZ, Zehairy AA, Alyamani AS, Kano AA, Al-Jifree H, Alahmadi M, Aga SS, Mehros W. The Role of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Advanced Endometrial Cancer at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Saudi Arabia From 2010 to 2022. Cureus 2024; 16:e60752. [PMID: 38903372 PMCID: PMC11188001 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometrial cancer (EC) has multiple modalities of treatment including neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). There is limited research work conducted in Saudi Arabia that shows the benefits of using NACT, followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) for stages III-IV EC patients. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using NACT compared to other modalities of treatment in the last 11 years in Saudi Arabia. METHODS The data of the patients were collected retrospectively between 2010 and 2022 at Princess Noura Oncology Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The population was divided based on receiving NACT or taking other modalities for the purpose of assessing the mean survival time in both groups. Best-case and worst-case scenario models were used to illustrate the survival rate of both stages. RESULTS Forty patients with stages III-IV EC were included and grouped based on the treatment modality. Fourteen (35%) patients were receiving NACT followed by IDS compared with 26 (65%) patients who were using other modalities. In both stages III-IV patients, the mean survival time in the best-case scenario was 49 months in patients treated with NACT, and 82 months in patients who received other modalities. Regarding the worst-case scenario, the average survival time for patients treated with NACT was 22.89 months, which was significantly lower than the average survival time of 56.30 months for patients treated with other therapies. CONCLUSION In the worst-case scenario, advanced EC patients who underwent NACT had a lower mean survival time than other treatment modalities. However, using NACT is not connected to the outcome in the best-case scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah F Tayeb
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Fahad S Subahi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Ahmad Z Al-Ghanmi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Abdulrahman A Zehairy
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Abdullah S Alyamani
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Abdulaziz A Kano
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Hatim Al-Jifree
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Mawaddah Alahmadi
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Syed S Aga
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
- Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Wala Mehros
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
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Aga SS, Yasmeen N, Al-Mansour M, Khan MA, Nissar S, Khawaji B, Awadh A, Alasmari MM, Abushouk A. Knowledge, awareness and attitude towards breast cancer: Risk factors, signs and screening among Health and Allied students: A prospective study. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:1804-1824. [PMID: 38948630 PMCID: PMC11213396 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1720_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer in Saudi women. Therefore, understanding BC and its related risk factors, symptoms, and screening is critical for early detection and intervention. The current study was meant to explore the knowledge, awareness, and attitude (KAA) gap in BC: risk factors, symptoms, and screening. Material and Methods This cross-sectional investigation was carried out with Health Professions Students (HPS) using a predesigned and validated study questionnaire to examine HPS knowledge and attitudes concerning BC and associated risk factors, symptoms, and screening. Results A total of 277 female students responded to the survey. The frequency of correct answers for the BC knowledge questions varied from the lowest of 27.8% to the highest of 88.8%, with only 5 out of 15 questions (33.3%) answered correctly by more than 60% of the participants, displaying poor knowledge and awareness of BC. A majority (>60%) of the participants identified only 7 of the 18 risk factors of BC correctly, whereas 11 of the 13 early warning signs of BC were identified correctly by the majority (>60%) of the participants. Among the participants, only 26.4% were aware of the breast cancer screening center, but 94.6% of them agreed that early detection of breast cancer is important and 82.7% agreed to participate in the screening program if offered. Conclusion Participants' knowledge and awareness of BC were found to be relatively low; however, their attitudes towards BC screening were positive. As a result, it is critical to develop effective education programs, curricular activities, and awareness campaigns to address the lack of awareness of BC and to have an appropriate response to screening to reduce disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed S. Aga
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diseases and Diagnostics Division, Infinity Biochemistry Pvt. Ltd, Sajjad Abad, Chattabal, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Nusrath Yasmeen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Nursing, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubarak Al-Mansour
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Adult Medical Oncology, Princess Noorah Oncology Center, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad A. Khan
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saniya Nissar
- Molecular Diseases and Diagnostics Division, Infinity Biochemistry Pvt. Ltd, Sajjad Abad, Chattabal, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Bader Khawaji
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Awadh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moudi M. Alasmari
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Abushouk
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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AlSaied G, Lababidi H, AlHawdar T, AlZahrani S, AlMotairi A, AlMaani M. Outcome of Cancer Patients with an Unplanned Intensive Care Unit Admission: Predictors of Mortality and Long-term Survival. SAUDI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 12:153-161. [PMID: 38764561 PMCID: PMC11098267 DOI: 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_145_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Understanding the characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients with unplanned ICU admission is imperative for therapeutic decisions and prognostication purposes. Objective To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with hematological and non-hematological malignancies (NHM) who require unplanned ICU admission and to determine the predictors of mortality and long-term survival. Methods This retrospective study included all patients with cancer who had an unplanned ICU admission between 2011 and 2016 at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. The following variables were collected: age, gender, ICU length of stay (LOS), APACHE II score, type of malignancy, febrile neutropenia, source and time of admission, and need for mechanical ventilation (MV), renal replacement therapy (RRT), and treatment with vasopressors (VP). Predictors of mortality and survival rates at 28 days and 3, 6, and 12 months were calculated. Results The study included 410 cancer patients with 466 unplanned ICU admissions. Of these, 52% had NHM. The average LOS in the ICU was 9.6 days and the mean APACHE score was 21.9. MV was needed in 73% of the patients, RRT in 15%, and VP in 24%, while febrile neutropenia was present in 24%. There were statistically significant differences between survivors and non-survivors in the APACHE II score (17.7 ± 8.0 vs. 25.6 ± 9.2), MV use (52% vs. 92%), need for RRT (6% vs. 23%), VP use (42% vs. 85%), and presence of febrile neutropenia (18% vs. 30%). The predictors of mortality were need for MV (OR = 4.97), VP (OR = 3.43), RRT (OR = 3.31), and APACHE II score (OR = 1.10). Survival rates at 28 days, 3, 6, and 12 months were 52%, 28%, 22%, and 15%, respectively. Conclusion The survival rate of cancer patients with an unplanned admission to the ICU remains low. Predictors of mortality include need for MV, RRT, and VP and presence of febrile neutropenia. About 85% of cancer patients died within 1 year after ICU admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghiath AlSaied
- Department of Adult Critical Care, King Fahad Medical City, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hani Lababidi
- Department of Adult Critical Care, King Fahad Medical City, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Health Professions Education, MGH-Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taher AlHawdar
- Department of Adult Critical Care, King Fahad Medical City, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Saud AlZahrani
- Department of Adult Critical Care, King Fahad Medical City, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abdullah AlMotairi
- Department of Critical Care, Suleiman AlHabib Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad AlMaani
- Department of Adult Critical Care, King Fahad Medical City, Boston, MA, USA
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Almehizia AA, Aboulthana WM, Naglah AM, Hassan AS. In vitro biological studies and computational prediction-based analyses of pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine derivatives. RSC Adv 2024; 14:8397-8408. [PMID: 38476172 PMCID: PMC10928850 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00423j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a need for new pharmaceutical discoveries from bioactive nitrogenous derivatives due to the emergence of scourges, numerous pandemics, and diverse health problems. In this context, pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives 12a and 12b were synthesized and screened to evaluate their biological potentials in vitro as antioxidants, anti-diabetics, anti-Alzheimer's, anti-arthritics, and anti-cancer agents. Additionally, the computational pharmacokinetic and toxicity properties of the two pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines 12a and 12b were calculated and analyzed. The preliminary studies and results of this work represent the initial steps toward more advanced studies and define the bioactive chemical structure of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives with the goal of exploring new drugs to address numerous health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman A Almehizia
- Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael M Aboulthana
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre Dokki 12662 Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Naglah
- Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf S Hassan
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre Dokki 12622 Cairo Egypt
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Omer AAA, Bin Dayel SA, Hummedi ASA, Almuhaimed NIA. The epidemiological and clinicopathological features of breast cancer in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2024; 45:288-294. [PMID: 38438204 PMCID: PMC11115392 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.3.20230656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the epidemiological and clinicopathological features of breast cancer (BC) in Saudi Arabia to improve decisions regarding resource allocation, disease control, and management. METHODS We retrieved the records of all patients who presented with histologically proven BC at King Fahad Medical City between 2019 and 2020. The data were analyzed quantitatively, and the results were expressed as percentages and frequencies. RESULTS This study comprised 419 patients. The mean age was 50.13 (± 10.96) years. The majority of the patients were obese (56.6%), and approximately a quarter had a history of oral contraceptive pill use, breast biopsy, or an affected family member. Most cases were from the central region (80.1%), followed by the southern provinces (12.7%). Breast lumps were the most common complaint (89%), whereas hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the most common comorbidities. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common pathologic type (89.7%). Most patients presented with TNM stages II and III (55.2%), and 27.7% had metastasis. The main therapeutic modalities included radical mastectomy (63.8%), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (60.4%), and adjuvant radiotherapy (82.9%). CONCLUSION In Saudi Arabia, a trend of BC incidence migration towards older patients may be ensuing. However, prediction of an advanced and aggressive presentation requires the enhancement of screening programs and standardized protocols for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad AA. Omer
- From the Department of Surgery (Omer) and Department of Medicine (Bin Dayel), Faculty of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj; from the Department of Medical Oncology (Hummedi), King Fahad Medical City; and from the MRI Department (Almuhaimed), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Salman A. Bin Dayel
- From the Department of Surgery (Omer) and Department of Medicine (Bin Dayel), Faculty of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj; from the Department of Medical Oncology (Hummedi), King Fahad Medical City; and from the MRI Department (Almuhaimed), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali SA. Hummedi
- From the Department of Surgery (Omer) and Department of Medicine (Bin Dayel), Faculty of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj; from the Department of Medical Oncology (Hummedi), King Fahad Medical City; and from the MRI Department (Almuhaimed), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Noura IA. Almuhaimed
- From the Department of Surgery (Omer) and Department of Medicine (Bin Dayel), Faculty of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj; from the Department of Medical Oncology (Hummedi), King Fahad Medical City; and from the MRI Department (Almuhaimed), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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AlRabeeah SM, Alzahrani EM, Aldhahir AM, Siraj RA, Alqarni AA, AlDraiwiesh IA, Alqahtani AS, Almqati BS, Alharbi TG, Almuntashiri AA, Alghamdi SM, Aljohani FE, Almulhim MA, Alshehri AF, Naser AY, Alwafi H, Alobaidi NY, Hjazi AM, Alsulaimani MA, Oyelade T, Alahmari M, Alanazi TM, Almeshari MA, Alqahtani JS. A population-based study of 15,000 people on Knowledge and awareness of lung cancer symptoms and risk factors in Saudi Arabia. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1295847. [PMID: 38450193 PMCID: PMC10916300 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1295847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is currently the most fatal form of cancer worldwide, ranking as the fourth most prevalent type in Saudi Arabia, particularly among males. This trend is expected to increase with growing population, lifestyle changes, and aging population. Understanding the awareness of the Saudi population regarding the risk factors and symptoms of lung cancer is necessary to attenuate the predicted increase in cases. Method A cross-sectional, population-based survey was performed using a previously validated questionnaire (Lung CAM). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess variables associated with deficiency in knowledge and awareness of risk factors and symptoms of lung cancer. Results Majority of the 15,099 respondents were male (65%), aged between 18 and 30 years (53%), 50% of which were educated up to a bachelor's degree level. Overall awareness of lung cancer signs and symptoms was 53%, with painful cough and coughing up blood being the best-known symptoms. Conversely, persistent shoulder pain (44%) and clubbing fingers (47%) were the least known lung cancer symptoms. Also, 60% of the respondents showed low confidence in identifying the signs and symptoms of lung cancer. The overall awareness of the risk factors for lung cancer development was 74%, with first-hand (74%) and second-hand (68%) smoking being the most known risk factors. However, only ≤ 62% know the other non-smoking risk factors. Awareness of the risk factors and symptoms of lung cancer depended on age, gender, education, marital and employment status (p < 0.001). Conclusion Public awareness of the risk factors and symptoms of lung cancer in Saudi Arabia is inadequate and heavily dependent on education and socio-economic status. Awareness can be improved through campaigns to raise awareness about other lesser-known lung cancer risk factors and symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad M. AlRabeeah
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eidan M. Alzahrani
- Department of Physical Therapy, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah M. Aldhahir
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan A. Siraj
- Respiratory Therapy Department, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Alqarni
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A. AlDraiwiesh
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S. Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badr S. Almqati
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki G. Alharbi
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saeed M. Alghamdi
- Respiratory Care Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad E. Aljohani
- Pediatric Department, Khobar Governmental Hospital, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali F. Alshehri
- Preventive Medicine Department, Khobar Primary Health Care Centers, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah Y. Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hassan Alwafi
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nowaf Y. Alobaidi
- Respiratory Therapy Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mujahid A. Alsulaimani
- Basic Medical Unit, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tope Oyelade
- University College London (UCL) Division of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mushabbab Alahmari
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki M. Alanazi
- Respiratory Therapy Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Almeshari
- Rehabilitation Health Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jaber S. Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Aljawadi MH, Alkhudair N, Alrasheed M, Alsuhaibani AS, Alotaibi BJ, Almuqbil M, Alhammad AM, Arafah A, AlGahtani FH, Rehman MU. Understanding the Quality of Life Among Patients With Cancer in Saudi Arabia: Insights From a Cross-Sectional Study. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241263013. [PMID: 38870396 PMCID: PMC11179550 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241263013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer patients' quality of life (QoL) significantly influences treatment response and mortality rates. Understanding QoL domains among patients with cancer and what affects it can help create interventions that improve QoL and ease patients' experience. This study measures the OoL among patients with cancer and influencing factors. METHODS A prospective cross-sectional questionnaire-based study included cancer patients aged >18 currently receiving treatment. The questionnaire collected social and economic data, followed by the validated Arabic version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30). Means and standard deviations for described numeric variables and frequencies and percentages described categorical variables. Analysis of variance, F-tests, and P-values were reported. RESULTS Among 182 cancer patients, 60% were female. Younger patients exhibited higher QoL in physical and role functioning (P = .016 and .03) and experienced more significant financial impact (P = .0144). Females reported more adverse effects from cancer symptoms, including fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and pain (36.7% vs 25.5%, P = .005; 20.6% vs 11.5%, P = .0186; 34.7% vs 25.1%, P = .0281). Single patients had superior QoL in physical functioning compared to others (P = .0127). Patients traveling long distances were more likely to face adverse financial consequences (P = .007). Asthmatic patients exhibited lower QoL in physical, role, and cognitive functioning (72.3 vs 37.8, P = .0147; 76.4 vs 22.2, P = .0024; 84.7 vs 44.4, P = .0038) and reported increased dyspnea and appetite loss (16 vs 55.6 and 26.1 vs 66.7, both P < .05). CONCLUSION Factors influencing QoL in Saudi cancer patients include age, marital status, gender, hospital distance, and chronic conditions. Thus emphasizing the necessity for personalized care strategies to enhance outcomes and alleviate the overall burden of cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H Aljawadi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora Alkhudair
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan Alrasheed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz S Alsuhaibani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basil J Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Almuqbil
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Alhammad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azhar Arafah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farjah H AlGahtani
- Department of internal Medicine, King Saud University College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muneeb U Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Sayegh H, Al-Zadjali S, Al-Moundhri M. Analyzing Cancer Incidence Trends in Oman From 1996 to 2019: A Comprehensive Study of the National Cancer Annual Reports. JCO Glob Oncol 2024; 10:e2300337. [PMID: 38271648 PMCID: PMC10830084 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have reported that cancer incidence trends in Oman varied by tumor site and sex. No comprehensive analysis of all cancer sites had been reported. The objective of this study is to analyze cancer incidence trends in Oman and calculate the annual percent change (APC) in age-standardized rates (ASRs) for all-cancer and 61 individual cancer sites in Omani men and women from 1996 to 2019. METHODS We gathered incidence data from The Omani National Cancer Registry for all cancers combined and individual tumor sites. We estimated the APC using Poisson regression. RESULTS The cancer ASR in the Omani population increased by 23% (from 95/100,000 in 1996 to 117.2/100,000 in 2019), with the increase being more pronounced in females (48% v 7% in males). Among the male population, there was significant increase in the ASRs of colon, rectum, thyroid, and prostate cancers, with APCs of 6.92%, 4.24%, 4.19%, and 2.03%, respectively. Among females, all-cancer incidence showed significant increase (APC = 1.39%), and increasing trends were observed in uterine, colon, rectum, thyroid, and breast cancers (APCs = 7.57%, 7.08%, 5.19%, 5.16%, and 4.19%, respectively). CONCLUSION The ASR of all-cancer increased significantly in Omani women but not in men. Uterine cancer had the highest APC. Colorectal cancer and thyroid ASR increased in both males and females. Breast and prostate cancers showed increasing trends. Further research is needed to explore factors contributing to increasing cancer incidences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Al-Sayegh
- Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Center (SQCCCRC), Muscat, Oman
| | - Shoaib Al-Zadjali
- Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Center (SQCCCRC), Muscat, Oman
| | - Mansour Al-Moundhri
- Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Center (SQCCCRC), Muscat, Oman
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12
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Alabdulkader AM, Mustafa T, Almutailiq DA, Al-Maghrabi RA, Alzanadi RH, Almohsen DS, Alkaltham NK. Knowledge and barriers to screening for colorectal cancer among individuals aged 40 years or older visiting primary healthcare clinics in Al-Khobar, Eastern Province. J Family Community Med 2024; 31:25-35. [PMID: 38406224 PMCID: PMC10883426 DOI: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_291_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third as the most common cancer in the world and the 4th most common cause of deaths from cancer. In Saudi Arabia, CRC is the most common cancer in males and the third most common in females. Early screening reduces the risk of CRC and death. However, there is a lack of awareness of CRC screening in Saudi Arabia. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge, practices, and barriers to CRC screening using the Health Belief Model (HBM). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study enrolled Saudis aged 40 years or older visiting PHCCs in Al-Khobar. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire or a direct interview of the selected participants. Information sought included sociodemographics, past CRC screening, CRC knowledge, and HBM items. Data analysis was done using SPSS; the Chi-squared test and ANOVA were used to determine statistical significance. RESULTS A total of 206 of the individuals approached completed the questionnaire. The average age was 51.1 years, and 51% were males. Only 10% reported that a physician had provided information on CRC prevention or discussed/recommended screening for CRC, and 10% had undergone screening for CRC. Seventy-five percent of respondents had heard of CRC, and 74% said that CRC was preventable. Regarding the HBM, no significant difference in the mean scores for perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, self-efficacy, and benefits of CRC screening was found by age groups. The mean score for perceived severity was higher for females than males. About 60% of participants were extremely likely to have a screening test for CRC done on the day if recommended by the doctor. CONCLUSION The knowledge and awareness of CRC screening of the targeted sample is inadequate. Individuals with higher perceived susceptibility, severity of CRC, and perceived benefit of the screening tests were more willing to undergo the test. The highest perceived barrier was having no symptoms, and the lowest was "getting a stool test is too much of a hassle." These findings underline the importance of having a national screening program and campaigns to deal with the concerns of people and raise awareness of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assim M. Alabdulkader
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tajammal Mustafa
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Danah A. Almutailiq
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Razan A. Al-Maghrabi
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabab H. Alzanadi
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Danyah S. Almohsen
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nourah K. Alkaltham
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Qutob RA, Almehaidib IA, Alzahrani SS, Alabdulkarim SM, Abuhemid HA, Alassaf RA, Alaryni A, Alghamdi A, Alsolamy E, Bukhari A, Alotay AA, Alhajery MA, Alanazi A, Faqihi FA, Almaimani MK. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Patterns of Lung Cancer Screening Among Physicians in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e51842. [PMID: 38327913 PMCID: PMC10848281 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer remains the primary cause of death connected to cancer on a worldwide scale. Obtaining a deep understanding of the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior patterns of doctors is essential for developing successful strategies to improve lung cancer screening. This study aims to identify the attitudes, beliefs, referral practices, and knowledge of lung cancer screening among physicians in Saudi Arabia. METHODS An online survey was conducted from July to December 2023 to investigate the attitudes, beliefs, referral practices, and knowledge of lung cancer screening, and adherence to lung cancer screening recommendations among physicians in Saudi Arabia. Internal medicine, family medicine, and pulmonology physicians of all levels (consultants, senior registrars, and residents) who are currently practicing medicine in Saudi Arabia formed the study population. This study employed a previously developed questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors that indicate a better degree of knowledge and a positive attitude toward lung cancer screening. RESULTS This study involved a total of 96 physicians. The study participants demonstrated a significant degree of understanding regarding lung cancer screening, with an average knowledge score of 5.8 (SD: 1.7) out of 8, equivalent to 72.5% of the highest possible score. The accuracy rate for knowledge items varied from 44.8% to 91.7%. The study participants had a moderately favorable attitude toward lung cancer screening, as shown by a mean attitude score of 14.4 (SD: 3.7) out of a maximum possible score of 30, which corresponds to 48.0% of the highest achievable score. Around 36.5% of the survey participants reported engaging in the practice of discussing the results of lung cancer screening with patients. The primary obstacles frequently cited were challenges in patient scheduling, insufficient time to discuss lung cancer screening during clinic appointments, and patient refusal, constituting 59.4%, 53.1%, and 53.1% of the identified barriers, respectively. Physicians in Saudi Arabia, particularly those employed in private hospitals, demonstrated a higher level of knowledge of lung cancer screening compared to others (p < 0.05). In contrast, individuals with 11-15 years of experience were shown to have a 78.0% lower likelihood of being educated about lung cancer screening compared to their counterparts (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The study's results indicate that there is a need for the development of specialized educational initiatives aimed at Saudi Arabian physicians, particularly those with 11 to 15 years of experience who exhibit a limited understanding of lung cancer screening. Utilizing programs that provide continuing medical education would aid in their education. There is a need to facilitate communication between physicians and patients. It is critical to address the identified issues, such as streamlining the appointment scheduling process and ensuring patients have sufficient time during clinic visits. Furthermore, it is critical for the success of nationwide screening initiatives to foster collaboration between the public and private healthcare sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayan A Qutob
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Ibrahim Ali Almehaidib
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Sarah Saad Alzahrani
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Sara Mohammed Alabdulkarim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Haifa Abdulrahman Abuhemid
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Reema Abdulrahman Alassaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Abdullah Alaryni
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Abdullah Alghamdi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Eysa Alsolamy
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Abdullah Bukhari
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Abdulwahed Abdulaziz Alotay
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Mohammad A Alhajery
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Abdulrahman Alanazi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Fahad Ali Faqihi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Adult Critical Care Medicine, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group Holding Company, Riyadh, SAU
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Madkhali MA, Alhazmi E, Hakami F, Darraj H, Hamdi S, Hakami KM, Gadi WH, Sharahily RM, Hufaysi AH, Alhazmi L, Oraibi O, Alqassimi S, Mohrag M, Elmakki E. A Cross-Sectional Study on the Knowledge and Awareness of Lung Cancer and Screening in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:3857-3870. [PMID: 38076592 PMCID: PMC10710187 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s435129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer (LC) is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. With lung cancer often diagnosed at advanced stages, understanding the local population's awareness levels is crucial for designing effective preventive strategies. By identifying gaps in knowledge, the research aims to inform targeted health education efforts, optimize resource allocation, influence policy development, and contribute to the limited body of research on lung cancer awareness in the region, ultimately fostering improved public health outcomes. METHODS This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia, from July 2022 to June 2023, 671 participants over 18 years old, encompassing both genders, were gsurveyed. Data was collected through a questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics and LC-related awareness. SPSS 23 was used for analysis. Factors associated with knowledge scores were explored using independent t-tests and ANOVA, with the Tukey post-hoc test identifying specific group differences. RESULTS The study included 671 participants, most participants were between 18 and 35 years (73.5%), with 38.5% males and 61.5% females. Lung cancer (LC) awareness was high (95.1%), with 4.9% reporting a family history. Knowledge assessment revealed a mean score of 14.66, with 41.6% having low, 49.5% moderate, and 8.9% high knowledge levels. Correct responses were notable for recognizing LC as a common cancer, a leading cause of death, and associating smoking and shisha with risk. Symptoms were well identified. Screening awareness was at 63.5%, with 78.8% willing to undergo tests if at risk. Age, marital status, and occupation were associated with knowledge, while factors like gender, nationality, residency, education, income, and smoking status showed no significant associations. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that there are knowledge gaps related to LC and its screening in Jazan region in Saudi Arabia. Effective awareness programs targeting specific sociodemographic groups are needed to improve the early detection and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ali Madkhali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam Alhazmi
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Hakami
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussam Darraj
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Hamdi
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Wala H Gadi
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Luai Alhazmi
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Oraibi
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer Alqassimi
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa Mohrag
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Erwa Elmakki
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Ramadan M, Alhusseini N, Samhan L, Samhan S, Abbad T. Tobacco control policies implementation and future lung cancer incidence in Saudi Arabia. A population-based study. Prev Med Rep 2023; 36:102439. [PMID: 37810266 PMCID: PMC10556821 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the implementation of the monitor tobacco products and prevention package (MPOWER) in Saudi Arabia since 2011, the impact of the policy implantation on smoking prevalence and lung cancer incidence have not been evaluated. Objectives We aimed to estimate the potential reduction in future lung cancer incidence in Saudi Arabia that could be prevented if the highest level of tobacco control policies MPOWER score were implemented. Methods Population-based lung cancer incidence data was used to predict lung cancer incidence in Saudi Arabia up to year 2039. We used hypothetical smoking prevalence that would be expected if countries had applied the highest-level implementation of MPOWER tobacco control policies score. We used potential impact fraction on the hypothetical smoking prevalence data to estimate the potentially preventable lung cancer cases taking into account latency periods between changes in smoking prevalence and development of cancer risks. After the hypothesized highest level of MPOWER tobacco policies implementation. Results the national tobacco smoking prevalence has declined by 55% from 13.17% in 2020 to 5.91% in 2039. If the highest-level MPOWER is implanted, more than half the tobacco smoker rate will be reduced, and a total of 9783 lung cancer cases would be potentially prevented in 2039. Conclusion Further implementation of effective messages is needed to reduce tobacco-related cancers. By doing so, we can gain valuable insights into the impact of these policies on public health outcomes in the broader context of the region and identify potential areas for further improvement and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed Ramadan
- Population Health Research Section, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard, Health Affairs, P.O.BOX 9515, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noara Alhusseini
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lara Samhan
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Samhan
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tasnim Abbad
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Hanbazazh M, Samman A, Samargandy S, Al-Maghrabi J. Prognostic value of glucose transporter proteins-1 (GLUT1) in breast carcinoma. Libyan J Med 2023; 18:2283953. [PMID: 37988377 PMCID: PMC11018318 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2023.2283953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported increased glucose transporters (GLUT) expression in different cancer types, including breast cancer. The primary purpose of this study is to examine GLUT1 immunoexpression in breast cancer patients in Saudi Arabia and to determine its significance. The study examined the association between GLUT1 immunophenotype and the clinicopathological characteristics in breast cancer. GLUT1 expression was analyzed in retrospectively collected tissue samples (n = 578) from breast cancer patients using immunohistochemistry. A total of 311 (54%) of the cases expressed GLUT1 cytoplasmic immunohistochemical staining. In univariate analysis, we found a significant association between GLUT1 expression and high-grade tumors (p < 0.0001). Positive estrogen and progesterone receptor results predicted lower GLUT1 immunoexpression (p < 0.0001 for both). Vascular invasion showed a significant association with GLUT1 immunoexpression (p = 0.045). Our findings support that GLUT1 immunohistochemistry can be used as a marker to determine the grade and hormonal receptor status in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehenaz Hanbazazh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhadi Samman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Samargandy
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaudah Al-Maghrabi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Alkhudair N, Alhifany AA, Alsubaie B, Alshubaiki L, Alrajhi AM, alnuhait M. Assessing oncology providers attitudes and practices toward nonformulary drugs and mapping current obstacles in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101840. [PMID: 37961071 PMCID: PMC10638026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Formulary drug list is a continually updated list of medications routinely stocked by hospitals and other healthcare facilities and deemed effective, safe, and cost saving. Non-formulary drug (NFD) refers to medications not on the formulary, due to cost or lack of clinical data. This study aimed to examine the processing of NFD requests by oncology providers (OPs) in Saudi Arabia. Method A cross-sectional survey in Saudi oncology centers gathered perspectives of healthcare practitioners, mainly oncology pharmacists and physicians, on NFDs and request processes, aiming to understand variations, reasons for NFDs, and suggestions for an improved, unified NFDs request algorithm. Result A total of 93 physicians and pharmacists responded, 57 % were pharmacists, 43 % were physicians, and 94.6 % worked in the governmental sector. Around 31.2 % reported that it takes one week to receive a decision on their NFD request, while 28 % reported it takes two weeks to one month. Furthermore, 35.5 % of participants reported that the complete NFD process, from the initial order placement to the receipt of medications, spans a duration of 2-4 months, while 8.6 % noted a longer duration exceeding six months. The participants reported that the most common obstacles while requesting NFD were procurement delays and lengthy processing times. Additionally, 26.9 % agreed that formulary restrictions hindered medical care and 40.3 % reported delays in patient care. While 33.8 % were forced to use fewer effective options, and 22.1 % referred patients to palliative care. Conclusion The current practice of NFDs has negative consequences on cancer patient outcomes due to delays in patient care or the use of less effective drugs. Thus, we recommend having a national NFD access program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Alkhudair
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Alhifany
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basha Alsubaie
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leena Alshubaiki
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. Alrajhi
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlFaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed alnuhait
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Al-kahtani R, Mahmood N, Aamir S, Anjum Z. Visualizing breast cancer research trends in KSA: A bibliometric analysis. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2023; 18:1472-1479. [PMID: 37409243 PMCID: PMC10318506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Bibliometric analysis has emerged as a valuable method for identifying emerging areas in a given research field. Breast carcinoma has maintained a stable rank as the most common cancer affecting women worldwide. This study performed bibliometric profiling to shed light on breast cancer research conducted in KSA over the past two decades and to present the research output in the field of microRNAs (miRNA) in breast cancer in KSA. Methods The Web of Science (WoS) and PubMed databases were selected for data retrieval, because of their high coverage, inclusion of high impact journals and easy access to high quality publications. Data retrieval was performed on January 31, 2022. Data were analyzed with Incites from WoS, PubMed and VOSviewer software version 16.1.8. Results The most dynamic institutions, authors and active funding bodies were identified, and output on research in the field of miRNA was assessed. Bibliometric parameters including the number of publications and citation index were analyzed. A total of 3831 publications in the field were identified. A steep increase was observed in breast cancer research. The maximum number of publications was observed in 2021. King Saud University and King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre funded most of the projects and contributed the most publications. Visible progress was seen in research exploring the diagnostic and prognostic roles of mRNAs and their therapeutic potential in breast cancer. Conclusion Breast cancer research has attracted substantial attention, as reflected by a notable increase in scientific publications over the past two decades in KSA. The bibliometric parameters revealed crucial information regarding research contributions from various institutions and authors. In the field of miRNAs, notable research investment was observed, but a significant lacuna exists. This study provides a reference that may aid oncologists, researchers and policymakers in planning future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Al-kahtani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine at King Saud bin Abdulaziz, University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, KSA
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, KSA
| | - Nosheen Mahmood
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine at King Saud bin Abdulaziz, University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, KSA
| | - Saima Aamir
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine at King Saud bin Abdulaziz, University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, KSA
| | - Zahida Anjum
- College of Medicine at King Saud bin Abdulaziz, University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, KSA
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Taha M, Aldabali FOM, Alotaibi SH, Melybari RZ, Alqelaiti BA, Alderhami AM, Bajaber TA. Knowledge and Attitude of the General Population About Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) in the Western Region, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e44143. [PMID: 37753038 PMCID: PMC10518639 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order is a medical order issued by a doctor. It directs medical professionals to refrain from performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if a patient's breathing or heartbeat ceases. Patients can refuse CPR in an emergency if they have a DNR order. The DNR order includes precise directives about CPR. Instructions for extra therapies like nourishment, other drugs, or painkillers are not included. AIM The aim of the study is to learn more about the western region's general population's knowledge and attitudes toward DNR orders and identify any challenges that may arise when dealing with DNR patients. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 in the western region of Saudi Arabia. An online, self-administered questionnaire was distributed randomly from April 8, 2023 to June 6, 2023. The estimated sample size was 384, and 604 were the collected responses. RESULTS A total of 383 (63.4%) participants were females, and 221 (36.6%) were males. Regarding the knowledge and attitude of the general population about DNR orders in the western region of Saudi Arabia, 276 (45.7%) study participants had satisfactory knowledge and awareness, while 328 (54.3%) had inadequate knowledge. A total of 343 (56.8%) participants thought that DNR is important; 255 (42.2%) felt that the DNR has reduced the pain of their relatives, and 181 (30%) believed that it has reduced the stress felt by the patient's families. Of participants aged 20-30 years, 58.4% had satisfactory knowledge about DNR orders compared with those aged 50 and above; 76.1% of healthcare workers had satisfactory knowledge versus 26.5% of unemployed participants (P=.001). CONCLUSION We recommend increasing awareness and knowledge about DNR by conducting educational events about the concept and how to deal with patients who choose to acquire a DNR order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medhat Taha
- Department of Anatomy, Al-Qunfudah Medical College, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudah, SAU
| | | | - Solaf Hilal Alotaibi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
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Sultan L, de Jong N, Alsaywid BS, de Nooijer J. A Qualitative Study of Stakeholders' Perspectives of Implementing Interprofessional Shared Decision-Making Education in Palliative Care. Cureus 2023; 15:e44039. [PMID: 37638267 PMCID: PMC10448927 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Shared decision-making (SDM) in palliative care is a highly complex process that requires an interdisciplinary team. Interprofessional team members need education on how to facilitate discussion of patient/family wishes at the end of life in hospital settings. So far, interprofessional shared decision-making (IP-SDM) education frameworks have been used to a limited extent in the area of education on palliative care. The aim of this study was to explore policymakers', health professionals', faculty members', and students' perspectives on implementing an IP-SDM educational framework in palliative care to identify aspects that should be prioritized to further develop interprofessional education for SDM in palliative care. Methods We used the qualitative method to capture the micro, meso, and macro factors using Oandasan and Reeves' model for the implementation of IP-SDM education regarding palliative care. Data collection tools included in-depth, face-to-face interviews with individual policymakers and focus group interviews with health professionals, faculty members, and undergraduate health professionals. The interview guide explores the teaching of SDM in palliative care, factors that could facilitate or hinder the implementation of IP-SDM education for health professions students in palliative care, and interventions to facilitate the implementation of this approach. This study was conducted at the Oncology and Palliative Care Department at King Abdulaziz Medical City in the Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs and at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Results The results indicated a high demand for IP-SDM in palliative care. The findings revealed factors that can facilitate or hinder the implementation of IP-SDM education in palliative care for undergraduate health professions students that is going to the local community. Factors include culture, religion, gender, power issues, team hierarchy, and respect among team members. Also, our findings have revealed potential solutions to the hindering factors. Conclusions IP-SDM education in palliative care is a highly relevant topic for improving patient outcomes. However, it might be a complex process to implement, especially given the challenges of palliative care settings. We recommend starting such a course in the early clinical phases of undergraduate health professional education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lama Sultan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, SAU
- Department of Medicine, School of Health Professions Education, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, NLD
| | - Nynke de Jong
- Department of Health Services Research, School of Health Professions Education, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, NLD
| | - Basim S Alsaywid
- Directorate of Education and Research Skills, Saudi National Institute of Health, Riyadh, SAU
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology Section, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Jascha de Nooijer
- Department of Health Promotion, School of Health Professions Education, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, NLD
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Alnosayan H, Alharbi MA, Alharbi AH, Aloraini AS, Alfayyadh AM, Almansour M. Initial Outcomes of Freehand Transperineal Biopsies Regarding Diagnostic Value and Safety: An Early Experience at King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e39318. [PMID: 37351252 PMCID: PMC10282500 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is a common type of cancer in Saudi Arabia with a high incidence rate. Trans-rectal ultrasound guided prostatic biopsy (TRUSBx) has been the standard diagnostic study for prostate cancer since a landmark study in 1989 which showed that it is better than digitally directed biopsy sampling of the prostate. As an alternative to TRUSBx, transperineal biopsies (TPBx) have gained popularity as they give a higher accuracy rate and avoid many complications. A new study has been conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia to compare TRUSBx and TPBx showed that TPBx has a significantly higher detection rate of prostate cancer cases compared to TRUSBx (45.1% vs. 29.1%, p=0.003). The aim of this study is to determine the diagnostic value and safety of freehand transperineal prostate biopsy in patients with an elevated prostatic specific antigen (PSA) and/or abnormal digital rectal exam in King Fahad Specialist Hospital KFSH in Buraydah, Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. METHODS This is an observational retrospective study of all patients (n=39) who underwent transperineal biopsies at KFSH to assess the diagnostic value and safety of the procedure. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 70.3 (SD 10.1) years. The most commonly found diagnosis was adenocarcinoma (61.5%), and incidence of complications was detected in (5.1%) of the patients. CONCLUSION We concluded that the freehand technique TPBx has a high accuracy rate in detecting prostatic cancer. However, the learning curve could be a limiting factor in implementing it. Increasing the number of biopsies could positively affect diagnostic accuracy, especially with our low complication rate in this procedure. A low number of biopsies in the older age group can give an accurate result with a low risk of complications. Although template-guided TPBx and robot-guided TPBx are better options, the freehand technique represents a cost-effective and time-saving alternative. However, more studies are needed to compare the outcome of such a technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatim Alnosayan
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
| | - Mohannad A Alharbi
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
| | - Adel H Alharbi
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
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22
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Alqarni GS, Musslem MT, Alosaimi RM, Filfilan FF, Al Qarni AS, Rizk H. Awareness of and Attitude to Breast Self-Examination and Breast Cancer Among Females in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e36595. [PMID: 37095809 PMCID: PMC10122517 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common of all female cancers worldwide. A large percentage are diagnosed at a late stage, which can be related to awareness and knowledge deficiency. We aimed to assess the level of knowledge of and attitude to breast cancer and breast self-examination in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 392 women in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Using a non-probability sampling technique, a self-administered validated questionnaire was distributed via social media. Inclusion criteria were ages above 18 years old of all educational levels. Results Out of 392 participants, there were 146 in the age group of 19-25 (37.2%). Most of the participants are aware of breast cancer (94.9%). The mean knowledge score was 6.9 ± 3.36. Ninety-two percent (92%) of participants had poor knowledge. Most respondents reported that the main risk factor for breast cancer was family history (83.7%). About 37% believed that the purpose of the breast self-examination practice is advice from a health care professional followed by routine examination (37.3%). About 97% agreed that early detection of breast cancer increases the chance of recovery. Conclusion There is a lack of knowledge and awareness about the risk factors and symptoms of breast cancer. Despite a positive attitude toward breast self-examination, it is poorly practiced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ali S Al Qarni
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Hisham Rizk
- General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, SAU
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23
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Baeshen NA, Almulaiky YQ, Afifi M, Al-Farga A, Ali HA, Baeshen NN, Abomughaid MM, Abdelazim AM, Baeshen MN. GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds Extracted from Plant Rhazya stricta Using Various Solvents. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:960. [PMID: 36840308 PMCID: PMC9967519 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, human beings have traditionally employed many folkloric herbal resources as complementary and alternative remedies, and these remedies have played a pivotal role in modern medicines for many decades, as scientists have used them to develop drugs. We studied the effects of employing solvents with varying polarity on the yields of phytochemical components extracted from the plant Rhazya stricta. We used chloroform-methanol (1:1), methanol, ethanol, diethyl ether, and ethyl acetate as extraction solvents. The results showed that the efficiencies of the solvents at extracting phytochemical compounds were in this order: chloroform-methanol < ethanol < methanol < diethyl ether < ethyl acetate extract. The chloroform-methanol extract produced the highest concentration of phenolic and flavonoid contents among the five solvents tested (13.3 mg GAE/g DM and 5.43 CE/g DM). The yields of the extracted phytochemical compounds ranged from 47.55 to 6.05%. The results revealed that the properties of the extraction solvents considerably impacted the extraction yield and the phytochemical components of the R. stricta extract. Furthermore, compared with the other solvents, the chloroform-methanol extraction led to the highest yield (47.55%) and to more phytochemical substances being extracted. The aim of this study is to investigate the phytochemical compounds extracted from R. stricta with different solvents that have different polarities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabih A. Baeshen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yaaser Q. Almulaiky
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21921, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Taiz University, Taiz 3191, Yemen
| | - Mohamed Afifi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Al-Farga
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haytham A. Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseebh N. Baeshen
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Arts at Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mosleh M. Abomughaid
- Laboratory Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aaser M. Abdelazim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohammed N. Baeshen
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
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Shubayr N, Alashban Y. Estimation of radiation doses and lifetime attributable risk of radiation-induced cancer in the uterus and prostate from abdomen pelvis CT examinations. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1094328. [PMID: 36699908 PMCID: PMC9868812 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1094328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) scans are one of the most common radiation imaging modalities, and CT scans are rising steadily worldwide. CT has the potential to enhance radiography practice, but it also has the risk of drastically increasing patient doses. One CT procedure for the abdomen pelvis (AP) area can expose a patient's prostate or uterus to a substantial radiation dose, leading to concerns about radiation-induced cancer. This study aimed to estimate organ doses of the uterus and prostate and evaluate the lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer incidence and mortality resulting from AP CT examinations. This retrospective study included 665 patients, of which 380 (57%) were female, and 285 (43%) were male. Data were collected from the picture archiving and communication system for AP CT procedures and exposure parameter data. Organ doses for the uterus and prostate were calculated using National Cancer Institute CT (NCICT) software. Based on the risk models proposed by the BEIR VII report, the calculated organ doses were used to estimate the LAR of prostate and uterus cancer incidence and mortality due to radiation exposure from AP CT procedures. The mean effective dose resulting from AP CT for females and males was 5.76 ± 3.22 (range: 1.13-12.71 mSv) and 4.37 ± 1.66 mSv (range: 1.36-8.07 mSv), respectively. The mean organ dose to the uterus was 10.86 ± 6.09 mGy (range: 2.13-24.06 mGy). The mean organ dose to the prostate was 7.00 ± 2.66 mGy (range: 2.18-12.94 mGy). The LAR of uterus and prostate cancer incidence was 1.75 ± 1.19 cases and 2.24 ± 1.06 cases per 100,000 persons, respectively. The LAR of cancer mortality rates from uterus and prostate cancers were 0.36 ± 0.22 and 0.48 ± 0.18 cases per 100,000 persons, respectively. The LAR of prostate and uterus cancer occurrence and mortality from radiation doses with AP CT procedures was low but not trivial. Therefore, efforts should be made to lower patient doses while retaining image quality. Although the minimization of the patient's radiation dose must guide clinical practice, the estimated slight increase in risk could aid in easing fears regarding well-justified AP CT procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Shubayr
- Department of Diagnostic Radiography Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Nasser Shubayr ✉
| | - Yazeed Alashban
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Almutairi A, Almadhi F, Alhawshani T, Almishrafi S, Alharbi B. Practices of Cancer Screening for Average-Risk Cancer Patients Among Primary Healthcare Center Physicians in Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e33829. [PMID: 36819377 PMCID: PMC9930872 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cancer screening programs exist in Saudi Arabia for some types of cancers. However, data on primary healthcare center (PHC) physicians' practices in referring patients for screening tests or procedures remain unclear. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study was conducted with a self-reported survey that included 141 PHC physicians affiliated with the Ministry of Health in the Al-Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. The primary outcome was the practice of recommending to average-risk patients screening tests for different types of cancers including breast, colorectal, cervical, prostate, and lung, and testing if sociodemographic, specialty, job level, years of experience, a family history of cancer, and patients encountered per day affect their decisions. Secondary outcomes were the barriers perceived by physicians to recommending a screening test. p-value <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS The study included 141 respondents, of which 60.3% were males, and the mean age of the entire population was 35.7 ± 8.3 years. The rate of recommending cancer screening varied by the type of cancer, with screening for colorectal cancer being the most prominent (64.5%), followed by breast cancer (51.8%). Fear of finding cancer, poor patient compliance, and difficulty in scheduling the test were the most common patient, physician, and system-related barriers as perceived by PHC physicians. Male physicians were less likely to recommend patients for breast (0.10, 95%CI 0.04-0.23, p < 0.001) and cervical (0.26, 95%CI 0.08-0.78, p = 0.017) cancer screening. However, they were 3.74 times more likely to recommend prostate cancer screening (95%CI 1.20-11.68, p = 0.023) and 5.79 times more likely to request lung cancer screening (95%CI 1.27-26.39, p = 0.023). Level of education, specialty, and being a senior physician were factors associated with cervical cancer screening. Physicians who work in non-general practice specialties were more likely to recommend cervical cancer screening than those who work in general practice (95%CI 0.04-0.48, p = 0.002). Senior physicians such as registrars/senior registrars and consultants were more likely to request or recommend a patient for breast cancer screening (2.85, 95%CI 1.11-7.35) and cervical cancer screening (6.35, 95%CI 2.10-019.19). CONCLUSION Screenings for colorectal and breast cancer were the commonly recommended screening tests. Patients' fear of finding cancer, poor patient compliance, and delays or difficulty in scheduling the procedures were the commonly identified barriers as perceived by physicians that influenced physician decisions in referring patients for cancer screening. Our findings suggest that cancer screening rates may be improved by educating individuals on the benefit of early detection of cancers and providing assurance for them with regard to the availability of effective treatments. More research is needed on ways to overcome the obstacles physicians encounter and the outcomes of these measures with regard to improved screening practices.
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AlJaffar MA, Enani SS, Almadani AH, Albuqami FH, Alsaleh KA, Alosaimi FD. Determinants of quality of life of cancer patients at a tertiary care medical city in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1098176. [PMID: 36846221 PMCID: PMC9944126 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1098176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incidences of cancer are increasing at an unprecedented rate in Saudi Arabia, making it a major public health concern. Cancer patients are faced with physical, psychological, social, and economic challenges, all of which can impact quality of life (QoL). OBJECTIVES This study aims to explore the sociodemographic, psychological, clinical, cultural, and personal factors that could affect the overall QoL of cancer patients. METHODS A total of 276 cancer patients who attended the King Saud University Medical City's oncology outpatient clinics between January 2018 to December 2019 were included. QoL was assessed with the Arabic version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30. Psychosocial factors were assessed with several validated scales. RESULTS QoL was poorer among patients who were female (p = 0.001), have visited a psychiatrist (p = 0.028); were taking psychiatric medications (p = 0.022); and had experienced anxiety (p < 0.001), depression (p < 0.001), and distress (p < 0.001). The most used method to self-treat was Islamic Ruqya (spiritual healing; 48.6%), and the most often perceived cause for developing cancer was evil eye or magic (28.6%). Good QoL outcomes were associated with biological treatment (p = 0.034) and satisfaction with health care (p = 0.001). A regression analysis showed that female sex, depression, and dissatisfaction with health care were independently associated with poor QoL. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that several factors could influence cancer patients' QoL. For instance, female sex, depression, and dissatisfaction with health care were all predictors of poor QoL. Our findings support the need for more programs and interventions to improve the social services for cancer patients, along with the need to explore the social difficulties oncology patients face and address such obstacles through improving social services by expanding the scope of social workers' contribution. Larger multicenter longitudinal studies are warranted to examine the generalizability of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A AlJaffar
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Psychiatry, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sari S Enani
- Department of Psychiatry, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H Almadani
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Psychiatry, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fay H Albuqami
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Alsaleh
- Oncology Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad D Alosaimi
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Psychiatry, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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El-Seedi HR, Kotb SM, Musharraf SG, Shehata AA, Guo Z, Alsharif SM, Saeed A, Hamdi OAA, Tahir HE, Alnefaie R, Verpoorte R, Khalifa SAM. Saudi Arabian Plants: A Powerful Weapon against a Plethora of Diseases. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3436. [PMID: 36559548 PMCID: PMC9783889 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The kingdom of Saudi Arabia (SA) ranks fifth in Asia in terms of area. It features broad biodiversity, including interesting flora, and was the historical origin of Islam. It is endowed with a large variety of plants, including many herbs, shrubs, and trees. Many of these plants have a long history of use in traditional medicine. The aim of this review is to evaluate the present knowledge on the plants growing in SA regarding their pharmacological and biological activities and the identification of their bioactive compounds to determine which plants could be of interest for further studies. A systematic summary of the plants' history, distribution, various pharmacological activities, bioactive compounds, and clinical trials are presented in this paper to facilitate future exploration of their therapeutic potential. The literature was obtained from several scientific search engines, including Sci-Finder, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, MDPI, Wiley publications, and Springer Link. Plant names and their synonyms were validated by 'The Plant List' on 1 October 2021. SA is home to approximately 2247 plant species, including native and introduced plants that belong to 142 families and 837 genera. It shares the flora of three continents, with many unique features due to its extreme climate and geographical and geological conditions. As plants remain the leading supplier of new therapeutic agents to treat various ailments, Saudi Arabian plants may play a significant role in the fight against cancer, inflammation, and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. To date, 102 active compounds have been identified in plants from different sites in SA. Plants from the western and southwestern regions have been evaluated for various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, anti-glycation, and cytotoxic activities. The aerial parts of the plants, especially the leaves, have yielded most of the bioactive compounds. Most bioactivity tests involve in vitro assessments for the inhibition of the growth of tumour cell lines, and several compounds with in vitro antitumour activity have been reported. More in-depth studies to evaluate the mode of action of the compounds are necessary to pave the way for clinical trials. Ecological and taxonomical studies are needed to evaluate the flora of SA, and a plan for the conservation of wild plants should be implemented, including the management of the protection of endemic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 591, SE 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
| | - Safaa M. Kotb
- Department of Chemistry & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
| | - Syed G. Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Awad A. Shehata
- Avian and Rabbit Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Sultan M. Alsharif
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al Madinah 887, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Omer A. A. Hamdi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11115, Sudan
| | | | - Rasha Alnefaie
- Department of Biology, Faculity of Science, Al-Baha University, Albaha 65779, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rob Verpoorte
- Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Shaden A. M. Khalifa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Bamardouf NO, Khesfaty DM, Fatani MM, Alghamdi MK, Saharti SN. The Histopathological Patterns of Ovarian Neoplasms in Different Age Groups: A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Center. Cureus 2022; 14:e33092. [PMID: 36721593 PMCID: PMC9884105 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Ovarian cancer is one of the most prevalent neoplasms worldwide and it affects women of all ages. This study aimed to identify the common histopathological patterns of ovarian cancer among different age groups in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Methods This was a retrospective study that reviewed all ovarian specimens diagnosed as "ovarian tumors" by the Pathology Department from January 2016 to December 2020 at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia. The frequencies of ovarian neoplasm subtypes and their frequencies in different age groups were calculated. Results Out of 565 ovarian specimens studied, 63.2% were ovarian neoplasms while 36.8% were non-neoplastic functional cysts. Benign neoplasms 64.4% were more common than borderline 6.2% and malignant ones 29.4% in all age groups, except above the age of 60. Collectively as a category, surface epithelial neoplasms were the most common (59.4%). However, germ cell tumor in the form of mature cystic teratoma was the most common benign neoplasm 33.9% and the most common malignant was serous cystadenocarcinoma (40%). Conclusion Documenting new trends of histopathological patterns of ovarian neoplasms helps to detect variation among different age groups and to understand probable predisposing factors. This study found that the percentage of ovarian malignancy has increased over the years in the western region of Saudi Arabia. This signifies the need to increase awareness in order to achieve timely diagnosis and management.
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Tribulus terrestris Cytotoxicity against Breast Cancer MCF-7 and Lung Cancer A549 Cell Lines Is Mediated via Activation of Apoptosis, Caspase-3, DNA Degradation, and Suppressing Bcl-2 Activity. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9110383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this research was to use flow cytometry to gain mechanistic insights into the cytotoxic effects of Tribulus terrestris extracts on breast cancer (MCF7) and lung cancer (A549) cell lines. T. terrestris was extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus in a progressive process. GC–MS was used to establish the phytochemical constituents. The amounts of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the plant extracts were calculated using spectrophotometric analysis. The cytotoxicity of plant extracts was initially evaluated in non-malignant L929 cells, then in carcinogenic MCF-7 and A549 cell lines. Then, we performed an Annexin V assay, an anti-Bcl-2 assay, a Caspase-3 assay, and a DNA fragmentation (TUNEL) assay, using flow cytometry to investigate the underlying molecular processes. Based on the data, the methanolic extract of T. terrestris contained the highest amounts of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, with values of 169.87 µg GAE/g dwt and 160.12 µg QE/g dwt, respectively. Analysis by GC–MS revealed the presence of bioactive phytochemicals with proven cytotoxicity. Based on the MTT experiment, we determined that the IC50 values for the methanol extract’s effect on the viability of the MCF-7 and A549 cell lines were 218.19 and 179.62 µg/mL, respectively. The aqueous and methanol extracts were less cytotoxic when tested against the cancer-free L929 cell line (IC50 = 224.35 µg/mL). In both breast and lung cancer cells, the methanolic extract was found to activate caspase-3 and inhibit the Bcl-2 protein, resulting in early and late apoptosis and cell death via DNA damage. These findings point to cytotoxic effects of T. terrestris methanol extract against breast and lung cancer cell lines. Due to its potential as a source of anti-cancer chemotherapeutic medicines, T. terrestris warrants further investigation.
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Levetiracetam Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Chemobrain by Enhancing Cholinergic Transmission and Reducing Neuroinflammation Using an Experimental Rat Model and Molecular Docking Study. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217364. [PMID: 36364190 PMCID: PMC9653834 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (chemobrain) is a major complication that affects the prognosis of therapy. Our study evaluates the nootropic-like activity of levetiracetam (LEVE) against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced memory defects using in vivo and molecular modelling. Rats were treated with LEVE (100 and 200 mg/kg, 30 days) and chemobrain was induced by four doses of DOX (2 mg/kg, i.p.). Spatial memory parameters were evaluated using an elevated plus maze (EPM) and Y-maze. Additionally, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the neuroinflammatory biomarkers cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were analyzed using brain homogenate. PharmMapper was used for inverse docking and AutoDock Vina was used for molecular docking. LEVE treatment significantly diminished the DOX-induced memory impairment parameters in both the EPM and Y-maze. In addition, the drug treatment significantly reduced AChE, COX-2, PGE2, NF-κB, and TNF-α levels compared to DOX-treated animals. The inverse docking procedures resulted in the identification of AChE as the potential target. Further molecular modelling studies displayed interactions with residues Gly118, Gly119, and Ser200, critical for the hydrolysis of ACh. Analysis of the results suggested that administration of LEVE improved memory-related parameters in DOX-induced animals. The ‘nootropic-like’ activity could be related to diminished AChE and neuroinflammatory mediator levels.
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Horgan D, Mia R, Erhabor T, Hamdi Y, Dandara C, Lal JA, Fokom Domgue J, Ewumi O, Nyawira T, Meyer S, Kondji D, Francisco NM, Ikeda S, Chuah C, De Guzman R, Paul A, Reddy Nallamalla K, Park WY, Tripathi V, Tripathi R, Johns A, Singh MP, Phipps ME, Dube F, Whittaker K, Mukherji D, Rasheed HMA, Kozaric M, Pinto JA, Doral Stefani S, Augustovski F, Aponte Rueda ME, Fujita Alarcon R, Barrera-Saldana HA. Fighting Cancer around the World: A Framework for Action. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:2125. [PMID: 36360466 PMCID: PMC9690702 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10112125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tackling cancer is a major challenge right on the global level. Europe is only the tip of an iceberg of cancer around the world. Prosperous developed countries share the same problems besetting Europe-and the countries and regions with fewer resources and less propitious conditions are in many cases struggling often heroically against a growing tide of disease. This paper offers a view on these geographically wider, but essentially similar, challenges, and on the prospects for and barriers to better results in this ceaseless battle. A series of panels have been organized by the European Alliance for Personalised Medicine (EAPM) to identify different aspects of cancer care around the globe. There is significant diversity in key issues such as NGS, RWE, molecular diagnostics, and reimbursement in different regions. In all, it leads to disparities in access and diagnostics, patients' engagement, and efforts for a better understanding of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Horgan
- European Alliance for Personalised Medicine, 1040 Brussels, Belgium;
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India; (J.A.L.); (V.T.)
| | - Rizwana Mia
- Grants, Innovation & Product Development, South African Medical Research Council, Francie Van Zijl Drive, Parow Valley, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
| | - Tosan Erhabor
- Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria (MLSCN), Durumi, Abuja 900110, Nigeria;
| | - Yosr Hamdi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia;
- Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
| | - Jonathan A. Lal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India; (J.A.L.); (V.T.)
- Institute for Public Health Genomics, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joel Fokom Domgue
- Departments of Epidemiology, and Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Yaounde VF7W+4M9, Cameroon
| | - Oladimeji Ewumi
- Freelance Health Care, Life Sciences, Medical Artificial Intelligence Content Writer, Lagos 100253, Nigeria;
| | - Teresia Nyawira
- National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation in Kenya (NACOSTI), Nairobi 00100, Kenya;
| | | | - Dominique Kondji
- Health & Development Communication, Building Capacities for Better Health in Africa, Yaounde P.O. Box 2032, Cameroon;
| | - Ngiambudulu M. Francisco
- Grupo de Investigação Microbiana e Imunológica, Instituto Nacional de Investigação em Saúde (National Institute for Health Research), Luanda 3635, Angola;
| | - Sadakatsu Ikeda
- Department of Precision Cancer Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan;
| | - Chai Chuah
- Singularity University, P.O. Box 165, Gold Coast, QLD 4227, Australia;
| | - Roselle De Guzman
- Oncology and Pain Management Section, Manila Central University–Filemon D. Tanchoco Medical Foundation Hospital, Caloocan 1400, Philippines;
| | - Anupriya Paul
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India;
| | | | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea;
| | - Vijay Tripathi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India; (J.A.L.); (V.T.)
| | - Ravikant Tripathi
- Ministry of Labor, Health Department Government of India, New Delhi 110001, India;
| | - Amber Johns
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia;
| | - Mohan P. Singh
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India;
| | - Maude E. Phipps
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - France Dube
- Astra Zeneca, 1800 Concord Pike, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA;
| | | | - Deborah Mukherji
- Global Health Institute, American University of Beirut, Beirut VFXP+7QF, Lebanon;
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
| | | | - Marta Kozaric
- European Alliance for Personalised Medicine, 1040 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Joseph A. Pinto
- Centre for Basic and Translational Research, Auna Ideas, Lima 15036, Peru;
| | | | - Federico Augustovski
- Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics, Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1056ABH, Argentina;
| | | | - Ricardo Fujita Alarcon
- Centro de Genética y Biología Molecular, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Lima 15024, Peru;
| | - Hugo A. Barrera-Saldana
- Innbiogem SC/Vitagenesis SA at National Laboratory for Services of Research, Development, and Innovation for the Pharma and Biotech Industries (LANSEIDI) of CONACyT Vitaxentrum Group, Monterrey 64630, Mexico;
- Schools of Medicine and Biology, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 66451, Mexico
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Shubayr N, Khmees R, Alyami A, Majrashi N, Alomairy N, Abdelwahab S. Knowledge and Factors Associated with Breast Cancer Self-Screening Intention among Saudi Female College Students: Utilization of the Health Belief Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192013615. [PMID: 36294192 PMCID: PMC9603714 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) screening is vital, as it is linked to a greater likelihood of survival, more effective treatment, and better quality of life. One of the most extensively applied models for conceptualizing probable barriers and facilitators to the adoption of desired health behavior is the health belief model (HBM). This study aimed to assess the impact of health perception and knowledge on breast self-examination intention (BSE) using HBM. HBM measures specific factors (perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers, benefits, cues to action, and self-efficacy) that impact one's intention to use BSE. Data were collected from female undergraduate students (n = 680) using a cross-sectional design, stratified simple random sampling, and a self-administered structured online questionnaire. We used multivariable logistic regression to evaluate our assumptions for students who intended to self-examine for BC. For demographic factors, we modified the multivariate model. Most respondents (93%) were under the age of 24 years. Female students from health colleges (48.5%), in their fourth academic year (42.6%), and from the southern region (57.6%) accounted for the majority of the sample. Respondents with a family history of BC were 9.7% of the total. Categories for age, college, region, residency, and BSE intention showed significant differences in their average knowledge scores. The survey revealed that 72.4% were aware of abnormal breast changes. Three constructs of the health belief model (perceived benefit, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy) are good predictors of BSE intention. Theory-based behavioral change interventions are urgently required for students to improve their prevention practices. Furthermore, these interventions will be effective if they are designed to remove barriers to BSE intention, improve female students' self-efficacy, and enlighten them on the benefits of self-examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Shubayr
- Department of Diagnostic Radiography Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rola Khmees
- College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alyami
- Department of Diagnostic Radiography Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Majrashi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiography Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Alomairy
- Department of Diagnostic Radiography Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Siddig Abdelwahab
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Mansour R, Amarin JZ, Al-Ani A, Al-Hussaini M, Mansour A. Palestinian Patients with Cancer at King Hussein Cancer Center. Front Oncol 2022; 12:997492. [PMID: 36249061 PMCID: PMC9561845 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.997492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Palestinian Ministry of Health (MoH) routinely refers Palestinian patients with cancer to King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), the largest cancer center in the Middle East. Aims We aimed to describe the characteristics of Palestinian patients with cancer. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all Palestinian patients with cancer who were treated at KHCC during 2018 and 2019, of which demographic and clinical characteristics were presented. Results We initially started with 521 cases, out of which 41 (7.9%) cases were excluded due to misdiagnosis as malignant on pathology review. We included 480 patients with a confirmed diagnosed of cancer. Most patients were adults (88.8%) with a mean age of 50.0 ± 15.0 years ranging from 19 to 87 years. The most common cancer sites in adult men, who comprised 46.9% of the cohort were the hematolymphoid system (23.5%), followed by the digestive system (17.5%), and lung and pleura (11.5%). In women (53.1%), the most common cancer sites were the breast (46.0%), followed by the digestive system (15.0%), and the hematolymphoid system (10.2%). Children and adolescents accounted for 11.3% of the total cases, among which the hematolymphoid system was the most common cancer site (50%), followed by the brain (14.8%). About 36.0% of all patients presented with advanced-stage disease (i.e., distant metastasis). Conclusion The most common cancer sites in our cohort are generally similar to data from the Palestinian territories. Many patients presented with advanced-stage disease, which signals the need for awareness campaigns and screening programs. Benign tumors are misdiagnosed in many patients as cancer. The limited resources and facilities including human resources remain important challenges to the proper and timely diagnosis and management of cancer among Palestinians living in the Palestinian Territories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razan Mansour
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Justin Z. Amarin
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdallah Al-Ani
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Maysa Al-Hussaini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Asem Mansour
- Department of Radiology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
- *Correspondence: Asem Mansour,
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Clinicopathological Characteristics and Overall 5-Year Survival of Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Study. Med Sci (Basel) 2022; 10:medsci10030042. [PMID: 35997334 PMCID: PMC9396983 DOI: 10.3390/medsci10030042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death. We aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and 5-year survival in CRC. This retrospective study reviewed King Abdulaziz University Hospital records from 2009 to 2019. Tumor staging was performed using Dukes’ pathological classification. Additionally, we measured the frequency of qualitative data and performed the chi-square and Mann−Whitney U-tests. Kaplan−Meier analysis was performed to calculate overall survival. Of the 574 included patients (age (mean ± standard deviation), 55.51 ± 14.28 years), 43.2% were Saudis, and most were male (58.7%). The rectum was the most common location of CRC (30.8%); 33.1% of patients presented with abdominal pain. The dominant histological variant was mucinous adenocarcinoma (95.5%). Age at diagnosis was significantly associated with Dukes’ staging; 36.3% of individuals aged <50 years had Dukes’ D stage. The 5-year survival rate was 47.9%. Better survival was noted for those of Saudi nationality, those with Dukes’ A stage, and those who were overweight (51.6%, 56.3%, and 46.8%, respectively). Significantly better survival was seen in Saudi patients due to accessible healthcare and in overweight patients due to better treatment tolerance. The outcome of CRC was not related to sex or metformin use in patients with diabetes mellitus.
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Almugti HS, Shaiea MM, Alhammadi YM, Mawkili RA, Alemam S, Hamas RA, Jurebi AM, Alharthi SB, Al-Hazmi FI, Bali ME, Asiri HF, Al Jutayli MA, Almohaimeed FY, Owaisheer EM, Alaa Adeen AQM. Quality of Life and Needs Assessment of Cancer Patients’ Caregivers in the Saudi Culture. Cureus 2022; 14:e27591. [PMID: 36059332 PMCID: PMC9436481 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer is a chronic health condition that requires long-term treatment and care. Diagnosis of cancer is a family crisis that has a bad impact on patients and their caregivers, which can worsen the quality of life of the entire family members. It would be relevant to highlight the changes in the quality of life among cancer patients' caregivers within the Saudi culture to strengthen their involvement in the plan of treating cancer patients. Objective: To assess the needs and quality of life of Saudi cancer patients' caregivers by using the World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire WHOQOL-BREF and the Family Inventory of Needs (FIN) questionnaire for family caregivers. Materials and methods: Of 376 caregivers invited to participate, 270 (72%) accepted and completed the questionnaire. The study was carried out in outpatient clinics and oncology inpatient wards of Princess Noorah Oncology Center in King Abdul-Aziz Medical City Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Results: The study found that 53 % of Saudi caregivers reported a good quality of life in the following domains: psychological, social relationship, and environment. On the other hand, the lower quality of life scores were stated for the physical health domain in almost two third of participants (67 %). Poor quality of life was reported among the male caregivers of the older age group who had a lower level of education and had a short term of caring (fewer than 12 months). Regarding the need assessment, most of the 20 needs items were rated important and were related to patient care. Whereas, the least important needs were related to the caregivers' health. Conclusion:There was a significant association between quality of life scores and the demographic characteristics of the caregivers, addressing these factors in addition to the assessment of the caregivers' needs during medical care will provide holistically care for the patients and their caregivers to increase their quality of life.
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Almutairi MH, Alotaibi MM, Alonaizan R, Almutairi BO. Expression Profile of MAGE-B1 Gene and Its Hypomethylation Activation in Colon Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6066567. [PMID: 35937396 PMCID: PMC9348940 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6066567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-testis (CT) genes are typically expressed in the testes; however, they have been linked to aberrant expression in a variety of malignancies. MAGE-B family genes are an example of CT genes. Therefore, the overarching objective of this study was to examine the expressions of MAGE-B family genes in several patients with colon cancer (CC) to see if they might be employed as cancer biomarkers in the early phases of cancer detection and to improve treatment. In this investigation, RT-PCR was used to analyze MAGE-B family genes in neighboring normal colon (NC) tissue from 10 CC patients. In addition, the effect of DNA demethylation on the expression status of the MAGE-B1 gene was evaluated by RT-PCR in HCT116 and Caco-2 cells and by qRT-PCR for HCT116 only after treating both CC cell lines with varying concentrations of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (1.0, 5.0, and 10.0 μM) for 48 or 72 hours. All MAGE-B family genes except for MAGE-B1 showed weak bands in several samples of NC tissues: MAGE-B2, MAGE-B3, MAGE-B4, MAGE-B5, and MAGE-B6 genes were observed in 40%, 50%, 40%, 30%, and 60% of the NC samples, respectively. Nonetheless, they had strong bands in multiple samples of CC tissues, with 70%, 90%, 60%, 50%, and 90% of the CC samples, respectively. Interestingly, MAGE-B1 was detected in 60% of CC tissues but not in NC tissues, suggesting that it is a potential biomarker for early CC detection. MAGE-B1 expression was not observed in either untreated or DMSO-treated HCT116 cells after 48 or 72 hours of treatment. However, according to the RT-PCR and qRT-PCR results, the MAGE-B1 gene was overexpressed in the HCT116 cells treated with three different concentrations of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. This shows that demethylation plays a crucial role in MAGE-B1 expression activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhlid H. Almutairi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 2455, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona M. Alotaibi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 2455, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Alonaizan
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 2455, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader O. Almutairi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 2455, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Profile of Male Breast Cancer in Makkah Region of Saudi Arabia: A 4-Year Retrospective Analysis of Radiology and Histopathology. Int J Breast Cancer 2022; 2022:8831011. [PMID: 35784659 PMCID: PMC9242822 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8831011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mammography is a method widely used for the diagnosis of breast disorders in women and may help detect breast cancer in its early stages. Male breast cancer often remains undiagnosed or is poorly controlled until serious complications arise; therefore, the use of screening methods is needed to help with early diagnosis. Methods From a total of 1,667 registered mammography cases screened, 17 male breast disease cases were included in this study. Mammography and ultrasound data were analyzed by Statistical Package of Social Sciences v.22 (SPSS). Diagnosis was made following biopsy in suspicious cases, and histopathological and immunological findings of all such patients were obtained for final diagnosis. Results The mean age of the patients was 35 years (range, 14-70 years); 17.6% of the cases were aged 37 yrs, and 2 cases were aged 51 and 52 yrs. Of the 17 cases, 11 had breast lesions, and skin thickening was observed in only 1 case. The different patterns of lesions detected were asymmetry of the parenchyma, mastitis, and hamartoma (n = 1 each), malignant lesions (n = 2), and gynecomastia (n = 6). According to the BI-RADS categorization, 8 cases were benign, one case was probably benign, and 2 cases were likely malignant. In the 2 cases with malignant lesions, pathological diagnosis was made after hematoxylin and eosin and immunocytochemistry examination as invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of no special type (NST), grade II and grade III. Conclusions Most breast lesions in this study population were benign, while IDC was the most common malignancy encountered. Mammography is currently the most accurate and cost-effective method for detecting breast lesions. The findings of our study may help increase awareness of male breast cancer and encourage Saudi men at risk to perform self-breast exam and undergo routine breast screening.
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El Kareh A, Safi S, Kaady T, Hage SE, Mokled E, Assouad E, Snaifer E, Nader R. Ovarian cancer in Lebanese women: a 12-year comparative epidemiological study and trend analysis. Ecancermedicalscience 2022; 16:1409. [PMID: 36072232 PMCID: PMC9377821 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2022.1409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Over the last decade, Lebanon has experienced an increase in the rate of cancer patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the incidence rates of ovarian cancer in Lebanese women over a period of 12 years and to compare them to other countries. Methods Data were collected from the Lebanese National Cancer Registry for the time period 2005-2016 (inclusive). Data from other countries were retrieved from an online database 'Cancer Incidence in Five Continents'. The age-specific and age-standardised incidence rates (ASIR) were calculated and analysed using Joinpoint regression. Results Ovarian cancer ranked seventh among the commonest cancers in Lebanese women in the studied time frame. Approximately 189 new cases were reported every year, with an average age-standardised incidence rate of 7.88 (per 100,000 women). Ovarian cancer showed a significantly decreasing trend in the 12 years of study. Lebanon had one of the highest ASIR for ovarian cancer among regional countries and randomly selected countries. Conclusion Lebanon presented a high ASIR for ovarian cancer compared to regional countries, and was placed among the top ASIRs compared to countries worldwide. However, with the decreasing ovarian cancer trends, it is important to implement efficacious awareness in order to detect all OC cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio El Kareh
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
- Co-first authors
| | - Steven Safi
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
- Co-first authors
| | - Théa Kaady
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Said El Hage
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Elie Mokled
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Elise Assouad
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Elie Snaifer
- Saint Georges Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Snaifer Clinic, Cedim Center Abraj, Furn el Chebbak, Lebanon
| | - Reine Nader
- Middle East Institution of Health University Hospital, Bsalim, Lebanon
- Snaifer Clinic, Cedim Center Abraj, Furn el Chebbak, Lebanon
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Al‑Foheidi M, Albeshri A, Moamenkahan S, Abdullah A, Abualola M, Alharbi M, Refa A, Bayer A, Shaheen A, Aga S, Khan M, Al‑Mansour M, Ibrahim E. Combination of palbociclib with adjuvant endocrine therapy for treatment of hormone receptor‑positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2‑negative metastatic breast cancer: An experience at two cancer centers in Saudi Arabia. Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 17:119. [PMID: 35747598 PMCID: PMC9204325 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2022.2552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Meteb Al‑Foheidi
- Princess Noorah Oncology Center, National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Asem Albeshri
- Princess Noorah Oncology Center, National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Safwan Moamenkahan
- Princess Noorah Oncology Center, National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajid Abdullah
- Princess Noorah Oncology Center, National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhannad Abualola
- Princess Noorah Oncology Center, National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muath Alharbi
- Princess Noorah Oncology Center, National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Refa
- Oncology Center, International Medical Center, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Bayer
- Oncology Center, International Medical Center, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Shaheen
- Oncology Center, International Medical Center, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Aga
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubarak Al‑Mansour
- Princess Noorah Oncology Center, National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ezzeldin Ibrahim
- Oncology Center, International Medical Center, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Gadelkarim Ahmed H, El Hag ABM, Alanazi KK, Alkwai HM, Abdrhman AMA, Hassan AOA, Ginawi IAM, Elasbali AM, Sherfi H. Histopathologic metrics of breast tumors in Northern Saudi Arabia. ALL LIFE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2022.2082540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Gadelkarim Ahmed
- College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histopathology and Cytology, FMLS, University of Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Qurayyat, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham Sherfi
- Consultant Gastroenterologist & Hepatologist, Fedail Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan
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Al Essa M, Doubi A, Aldosari L, Alkhaldi A, Alzahrani M, Alsadi M, Alsalem A. Risk of thyroid carcinoma in patients treated surgically with assumed benign cytology in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA 2022; 42:237-242. [PMID: 35880364 PMCID: PMC9330754 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-n1903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Assidi M. High N-Cadherin Protein Expression in Ovarian Cancer Predicts Poor Survival and Triggers Cell Invasion. Front Oncol 2022; 12:870820. [PMID: 35574323 PMCID: PMC9096138 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.870820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is among the most lethal cancer among all gynaecological malignancies. Since most OC patients are diagnosed only at advanced stages mainly because of their imperceptible/nonspecific symptoms, survival rates are low. Therefore, more molecular biomarkers are needed to achieve more effective molecular stratification for better prognostic and theranostic outcomes. The cadherin family, particularly N-cadherin (N-CAD; also known as CDH2), is critical for cell-cell adhesion and epithelial- mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer. N-CAD protein has also been shown to be overexpressed in many advanced carcinomas. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression patterns of N-CAD protein, determine their correlations with the clinicopathological features of OC patients, and evaluate its prognostic value and involvement in EMT and metastasis. Protein expression of N-CAD was studied in 117 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks from patients diagnosed with OC using Tissue Microarray and immunohistochemistry techniques. The N-CAD protein was overexpressed in 58% of our OC cohort. Furthermore, its cytoplasmic overexpression was significantly correlated with tumor grade (p= 0.05), tumor subtype (p= 0.05), tumor necrosis (p= 0.01), and age at menarche (p= 0.002). Interestingly, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant correlation of disease-free survival (DFS) with OC patients with cytoplasmic N-CAD overexpression (p< 0.03, log rank). Patients with high N-CAD expression have approximately twice the recurrence rate at 5-year follow-up. The results of this study demonstrate a poor prognostic role of N-CAD overexpression in OC, which is reflected in higher recurrence and death rates of OC and its molecular contribution to EMT and distant metastasis. Therefore, OC patients with overexpressed N-CAD need to be monitored more frequently and closely. Further studies with larger patient cohorts are needed to validate these findings, demystify the role of N-CAD in OC pathophysiology, and further investigate its role as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Assidi
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Medical Laboratory Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Kabli AF, Miyajan KF, Alqurashi AS, Mandili AK, Mujahed RM, Hafiz BF, Mandora RM, Herabi AZ. Trends in the Incidence of Nasopharyngeal Cancer in Saudi Arabia Across One Decade (2007 to 2016). Cureus 2022; 14:e24732. [PMID: 35673310 PMCID: PMC9165725 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer is an ongoing global health concern; it is the greatest cause of mortality in the industrialized world and the second-highest cause of death in the developing world. This study aims to assess the incidence and geographic distribution of nasopharyngeal cancer between 2007 and 2016 in Saudi Arabia. Methods Data between 2007 and 2016 from Saudi Cancer Registry reports were collected in this study. These reports provide information on all cancer cases, including the age, sex, geographic location, and year of diagnosis for each patient. Result Between 2007 and 2016, the Saudi Cancer Registry identified 110,075 cancer cases in total. The mean age-standardized rate of all cancer types for women was 51.7 compared with 48.2 for men. The percentage of cases of nasopharyngeal cancers was 1.2% for women and 2.2% for men in 2007. This percentage decreased to 0.8% for women and increased to 2.7% for men in 2016 in comparison to all cancer cases. The curve for nasopharyngeal cancer of all cancer types for men and women correlated with rises and drops in men over the study period, and a minor decrease in women over time, until another rise in 2016. A positive correlation was observed between nasopharyngeal cancer incidence and age. The age-standardized rate data for nasopharyngeal cancer cases demonstrated a wide variation across Saudi regions. The age-standardized rate per 100,000 people from 2007 to 2016 ranged from 0.39 in Jazan to 1.92 in Qassim, with a national average of 1.06. Conclusion From 2007 to 2016, the overall trend of the age-standardized rate for men fluctuated while the female rate slightly dropped before rising again. On the contrary, the incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer varies by region in Saudi Arabia. Further study of this variation would help focus awareness campaigns on the most susceptible regions.
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Cancer-Testis Gene Biomarkers Discovered in Colon Cancer Patients. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050807. [PMID: 35627192 PMCID: PMC9141640 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In Saudi Arabia, colon cancer (CC) is the most prevalent cancer in men and the third most common cancer in women. Rather than being detected through screening programs, most CC cases are diagnosed mainly during clinical exams. Because of the slow growth of CC and its ability to be treated at an early stage, screening for CC can reduce the incidence of death and mortality. Consequently, there is an urgent need to identify a potential new cancer-specific biomarker for detecting early illness. Much research has been conducted on distinct antigen classes as potential new cancer-specific biomarkers for the early identification of malignancy. The cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are one such category of antigens, with protein presence largely normally confined to human germ line cells in the testis and aberrantly produced in some cancer cells. CTAs are potentially valuable for use as cancer biomarkers and in cancer therapeutics due to their distinctive expression pattern. The aim of this current study was to identify potential cancer-testis (CT) gene biomarkers in Saudi Arabian CC patients. In this study, a total of 20 matching CC and normal colon (NC) tissues were obtained from the Saudi population. Any genes that showed expression in CC tissues but not in matching NC tissues were subsequently verified for mRNA expression in eight breast and eight leukemia malignancies using RT-PCR to determine the specificity of any CC biomarkers. CTAG1A, SPZ1, LYZL6, SCP2D1, TEX33, and TKTL2 genes were expressed in varying numbers of CC tissues compared to no measurable expressions in all NC tissue specimens, making these genes suitable potential candidates for CC markers. The most frequently expressed CT genes in CC patients were CTAG1A (35%) and SCP2D1 (35%), followed by TKTL2 (25%), SPZ1 (20%), LYZL6 (15%), and TEX33 (5%). The LYZL6 gene shows a weak RT-PCR product in 25% of breast cancer (BC) patients but not in leukemia patients. The SCP2D1 gene appears to display expression in all leukemia patients but not in the BC patients. TKTL2 expression was also observed in 50% of leukemia samples but not in the BC samples. More experiments at the protein level and with a larger cohort of patients are required to evaluate this finding.
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Alshamsan B, Suleman K, Agha N, Abdelgawad MI, Alzahrani MJ, Elhassan T, Al-Tweigeri T, Ajarim D, Alsayed A. Association Between Obesity and Clinicopathological Profile of Patients with Newly Diagnosed Non-Metastatic Breast Cancer in Saudi Arabia. Int J Womens Health 2022; 14:373-384. [PMID: 35309953 PMCID: PMC8926012 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s343558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Obesity is prevalent in Saudi Arabia and is associated with adverse clinical features and poor breast cancer (BC) outcomes. We determined the distribution of body mass index (BMI) and evaluated its association with disease characteristics and outcomes in women with non-metastatic BC. Patients and Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database of consecutive patients treated for non-metastatic BC between 2002 and 2014. Patients were categorized into the following groups: underweight/normal weight (BMI <25 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2), and obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). Regression analysis was used to evaluate clinicopathological factors associated with BMI and clinical stage. Results A total of 2212 patients were enrolled. The median age was 45 years (interquartile range [IQR], 39–52 years), and the median BMI was 30 kg/m2 (IQR, 26–34 kg/m2). Most patients were premenopausal (63.6%), nearly half of the patients had stage III disease, and 11.2% were screen-detected. The prevalence of obesity was 53.4%, with a significant difference between the peri/premenopausal (49.4%) and postmenopausal (61.7%) groups (p < 0.001). Obese patients were more likely to be aged >40 years, be postmenopausal, have a history of oral contraceptive pills, have advanced-stage disease, and have undergone radiation therapy, and were less likely to have human epithelial growth factor 2 (HER2)+ disease than non-obese patients. Premenopausal obese women had fewer hormone receptor-positive and more triple-negative cancers than postmenopausal obese women did. Obesity, non-screening-detected BC, and HER+ status were independent prognostic factors for advanced-stage presentation. Conclusion The prevalence of obesity and its significant association with advanced BC justify the upscaling of screening services and instituting weight-reduction strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bader Alshamsan
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kausar Suleman
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naela Agha
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Marwa I Abdelgawad
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Clinical Oncology Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mashari J Alzahrani
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medicine, Medical Oncology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ONT, Canada
| | - Tusneem Elhassan
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taher Al-Tweigeri
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dahish Ajarim
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adher Alsayed
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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An Observational Cross-Sectional Study on Cancer Awareness and Beliefs about Carcinogens among Saudi Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052528. [PMID: 35270220 PMCID: PMC8909344 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Public knowledge about the risk factors of cancer is essential to ensure an effective prevention program. This study aims to explore the knowledge of the general Saudi population about cancer and carcinogens and to determine the misconceptions about carcinogens to help create appropriate evidence-based prevention awareness programs. A questionnaire of 63 questions related to biographic data, source of knowledge, risk factors, and the burden of cancer was distributed online. The internet was the most sought source for cancer-related information (75.2%). The inclusion of cancer-related subjects in the educational curriculum was believed to be the best way to educate children about cancer (48.4%). Knowledge about cancer risk factors was good overall for 10 out of the 27 risk factors assessed in the study, with cigarette smoking being the most well-known risk factor (91.5%), followed by hookah smoking (85.6%), and nuclear waste exposure (80%). However, only 16.3% of participants were aware of the risk associated with Oral Contraceptive Pills (OCPs), and less than half of the participants knew the risk associated with poor physical activity. About 45% (44.9%) believed that envy and spiritual causes are associated with cancer. Most of the study participants (70%) considered cancer to be a significant health issue in Saudi, mainly due to the increasing incidence rate (44%). Conclusion: This study showed a good level of awareness regarding cancer risk factors and environmental carcinogens, which could serve as a roadmap for future awareness programs and studies targeted at the knowledge of other risk factors for cancer.
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Halawi M. Incidence of Anemia among Female with Solid Tumors at Diagnosis in Jazan City Before Receiving Treatment. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2022.3.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Aseafan M, Devol E, AlAhwal M, Souissi R, Sindi R, AlEid H, Bazarbashi S. Population-based survival for cancer patients in Saudi Arabia for the years 2005-2009. Sci Rep 2022; 12:235. [PMID: 34997176 PMCID: PMC8742104 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Saudi Cancer Registry reported in 2007 the 5-year observed survival for the most common cancer sites for the years 1994-2004. In this report we looked at the cancer survival in the period 2005-2009 and evaluated the trend over the 15 years period from 1994 to 2009. Cases of the top 14 cancer sites reported by the population based Saudi Cancer Registry from 1 January 2005 to December 31, 2009, were submitted for survival analysis. The vital status of those patients was collected. Analysis of survival for the above period was compared with the prior reported 2 periods (1994-1999, 2000-2004). In addition, analysis was done according to age, sex, disease stage and the province. Data of 25,969 patients of the commonest cancer sites were submitted. Of those 14,146 patients (54%) had complete demographic data available and vital status was reported. Thyroid cancer had the highest 5- year observed survival of 94% (95% confidence interval (CI) 93-95%)), followed by Breast (72%, 95% CI 71-74%). In hematological malignancies, Hodgkin's Lymphoma had the highest 5-year survival of 86% (95% CI 84-88%). Survival rates has improved in most of the cancers sites for the studied periods except for lung, uterine and Hodgkin's lymphoma which plateaued. Our study confirms a steady improvement in the 5-year observed survival over time for the majority of cancers. Our survival data were comparable to western countries. This data should be used by policy makers to improve on cancer care in the kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Aseafan
- Section of Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Edward Devol
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud AlAhwal
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riad Souissi
- Research Department, Elm Company, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Sindi
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haya AlEid
- Department of Therapeutic Services, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shouki Bazarbashi
- Section of Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia.
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Jarb A, Aljuaid A, Alghamdi S, Almathami A, Altawili A, Alesawi A. Awareness about prostate cancer and its screening in Medina, Jeddah, and Makkah, Saudi Arabia population. Urol Ann 2022; 14:27-32. [PMID: 35197699 PMCID: PMC8815342 DOI: 10.4103/ua.ua_113_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a global burden on public health; it has been ranked as the second common cancer worldwide, with 1.3 million new cases in 2018. Developed countries have a higher incidence than in developing countries. Because of the lack of studies on PCa in Saudi Arabia, our study aims to measure the awareness about PCa and knowledge of PCa screening practices among men in Medina, Jeddah, and Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A cross-sectional study conducted among males in Medina, Jeddah, and Makkah, Saudi Arabia, from 2nd to 10th July 2020, using a validated questionnaire. The sample size was 1212 participants. Data collected through an online questionnaire. All data analyses performed using (SPSS) software, using the Chi-square test for bivariate analysis. All levels of significance were set at P < 0.05. Results: We collected 1212 completed surveys, with mean ages of 36 years (standard deviation ± 12.77). We found that 77% of participants heard about PCa, and 52.5% heard about PCa screening tests. This study showed that only 10.6% of all participants had good knowledge, 41.9% had fair knowledge, and 47.5% had poor knowledge. Only 3.9% of participants had experienced the prostate-specific antigen test. Conclusion: The study showed that the level of knowledge of PCa is low. Thus, community and individuals should collaborate to increase awareness by having more awareness campaigns, disseminating the information through the media, and encouraging men to do screening tests as indicated. In addition, including more Saudi Arabia cities in future studies is preferable to have more precise outcomes.
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Morcy HMH, Almatrafi NDA, Bedaiwi AAA, Almijlad AAM, Bedaiwi SKA, Alsharif NAN. Overview on Screening and Prevalence of Ovarian Neoplasms in Saudi Arabia. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/iya2q5gpf2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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