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Saljoughi S, Kalantar H, Azadnasab R, Khodayar MJ. Neuroprotective effects of dimethyl fumarate against manic-like behavior induced by ketamine in rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3007-3016. [PMID: 37103520 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02505-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Medications for treating bipolar disorder (BD) are limited and can cause side effects if used chronically. Therefore, efforts are being made to use new agents in the control and treatment of BD. Considering the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of dimethyl fumarate (DMF), this study was performed to examine the role of DMF on ketamine (KET)-induced manic-like behavior (MLB) in rats. Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into eight groups, including three groups of healthy rats: normal, lithium chloride (LiCl) (45 mg/kg, p.o.), and DMF (60 mg/kg, p.o.), and five groups of MLB rats: control, LiCl, and DMF (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg, p.o.), which received KET at a dose of 25 mg/kg, i.p. The levels of total sulfhydryl groups (total SH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HPC), were measured. DMF prevented hyperlocomotion (HLM) induced by KET. It was found that DMF could inhibit the increase in the levels of TBARS, NO, and TNF-α in the HPC and PFC of the brain. Furthermore, by examining the amount of total SH and the activity of SOD, GPx, and CAT, it was found that DMF could prevent the reduction of the level of each of them in the brain HPC and PFC. DMF pretreatment improved the symptoms of the KET model of mania by reducing HLM, oxidative stress, and modulating inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Saljoughi
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hadi Kalantar
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Azadnasab
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Khodayar
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Zhao J, Zhang R, Wang W, Jiang S, Liang H, Guo C, Qi J, Zeng H, Song H. Low-dose ketamine inhibits neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation in PC12 cells via α7nAChR mediated TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109880. [PMID: 36842233 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Ketamine is commonly used for sedation, analgesia and anesthetics. Much evidence has shown that it has an immune-regulatory effect. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway mediated by α7nAChR is a prominent target of anti-inflammatory therapy. However, whether ketamine suppresses inflammatory levels in nerve cells by activating α7nAChR remains unknown. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to establish the neuroinflammation model in PC12 cells in vitro, and α7nAChR siRNA was transfected into PC12 cells 30 min before LPS to inhibit gene expression of α7nAChR. PC12 cells were stimulated with LPS for 24 h, and the indicators were detected at 2 h after GTS-21 and ketamine were added. The results showed that LPS increased the proportion of PC12 cells apoptosis, activated TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, and increased the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Ketamine reduced the ratio of early apoptosis and late apoptosis of PC12, inhibited the entry of P65 into the nucleus, decreased the activation of TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB and improved neuroinflammation. However, the ameliorating effects of ketamine on neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation were inhibited in the α7nAChRi group. This indicated that α7nAChR played a key role in the anti-inflammatory process of ketamine. Low-dose ketamine inhibited TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB by activating the α7nAChR-mediated cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, thereby producing the protective effect on neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ruxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Huimei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Chen Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jingyi Qi
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Huan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Houhui Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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3
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Finamor F, Scarabelot VL, Medeiros LF, Stein DJ, da Silva MD, Callai E, Caumo W, de Souza A, Torres ILS. Involvement of GABAergic, glutamatergic, opioidergic, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor systems in the trigeminal neuropathic pain process. Neurosci Lett 2023; 793:136970. [PMID: 36402255 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Trigeminal neuropathic pain (TNP) is an intense pain condition characterized by hyperalgesia and allodynia; however, its neural mechanisms are not completely understood. Its management is complex, and studies that investigate its biochemical mechanisms are important for improving clinical approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the involvement of GABAergic, glutamatergic, and opioidergic systems and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in the TNP process in rats. TNP is induced by chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (CCI-ION). Nociceptive responses were evaluated using the facial von Frey test before and after the administration of GABAergic and opioidergic agonists and glutamatergic antagonists. The rats were divided into vehicle-treated control (C), sham-surgery (SS), and CCI-ION groups, and then subdivided into the vehicle (V)-treated SS-V and CCI-ION-V groups, SS-MK801 and CCI-ION-MK801, treated with the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor selective antagonist MK801; SS-PB and CCI-ION-PB, treated with phenobarbital; SS-BZD and CCI-ION-BZD, treated with diazepam; SS-MOR and CCI-ION-MOR, treated with morphine. BDNF levels were evaluated in the cerebral cortex, brainstem, trigeminal ganglion, infraorbital branch of the trigeminal nerve, and serum. CCI-ION induced facial mechanical hyperalgesia. Phenobarbital and morphine reversed the hyperalgesia induced by CCI-ION, and the CCI-BZD group had an increased nociceptive threshold until 60 min. CCI-ION-GLU increased the nociceptive threshold at 60 min. Cerebral cortex and brainstem BDNF levels increased in the CCI-ION and SS groups. Only the CCI group presented high levels of BDNF in the trigeminal ganglion. Our data suggest the involvement of GABAergic, glutamatergic, and opioidergic systems and peripheral BDNF in the TNP process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício Finamor
- Nucleus of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Leal Scarabelot
- Nucleus of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Liciane Fernandes Medeiros
- Nucleus of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade La Salle, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Dirson João Stein
- Nucleus of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Morgana Duarte da Silva
- Nucleus of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Etiane Callai
- Nucleus of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Wolnei Caumo
- Nucleus of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Andressa de Souza
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Iraci L S Torres
- Nucleus of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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4
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Kang MJY, Hawken E, Vazquez GH. The Mechanisms Behind Rapid Antidepressant Effects of Ketamine: A Systematic Review With a Focus on Molecular Neuroplasticity. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:860882. [PMID: 35546951 PMCID: PMC9082546 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.860882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of action underlying ketamine's rapid antidepressant effects in patients with depression, both suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD), including treatment resistant depression (TRD), remains unclear. Of the many speculated routes that ketamine may act through, restoring deficits in neuroplasticity may be the most parsimonious mechanism in both human patients and preclinical models of depression. Here, we conducted a literature search using PubMed for any reports of ketamine inducing neuroplasticity relevant to depression, to identify cellular and molecular events, relevant to neuroplasticity, immediately observed with rapid mood improvements in humans or antidepressant-like effects in animals. After screening reports using our inclusion/exclusion criteria, 139 publications with data from cell cultures, animal models, and patients with BD or MDD were included (registered on PROSPERO, ID: CRD42019123346). We found accumulating evidence to support that ketamine induces an increase in molecules involved in modulating neuroplasticity, and that these changes are paired with rapid antidepressant effects. Molecules or complexes of high interest include glutamate, AMPA receptors (AMPAR), mTOR, BDNF/TrkB, VGF, eEF2K, p70S6K, GSK-3, IGF2, Erk, and microRNAs. In summary, these studies suggest a robust relationship between improvements in mood, and ketamine-induced increases in molecular neuroplasticity, particularly regarding intracellular signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody J Y Kang
- Center of Neuroscience Studies (CNS), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Emily Hawken
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Providence Care Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Gustavo Hector Vazquez
- Center of Neuroscience Studies (CNS), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Providence Care Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada
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5
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de Araújo FYR, Chaves Filho AJM, Nunes AM, de Oliveira GV, Gomes PXL, Vasconcelos GS, Carletti J, de Moraes MO, de Moraes ME, Vasconcelos SMM, de Sousa FCF, de Lucena DF, Macedo DS. Involvement of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and BDNF up-regulating properties in the antipsychotic-like effect of the essential oil of Alpinia zerumbet in mice: a comparative study with olanzapine. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:2283-2297. [PMID: 34491479 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00821-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The current drug therapy for schizophrenia effectively treats acute psychosis and its recurrence; however, this mental disorder's cognitive and negative symptoms are still poorly controlled. Antipsychotics present important side effects, such as weight gain and extrapyramidal effects. The essential oil of Alpinia zerumbet (EOAZ) leaves presents potential antipsychotic properties that need further preclinical investigation. Here, we determined EAOZ effects in preventing and reversing schizophrenia-like symptoms (positive, negative, and cognitive) induced by ketamine (KET) repeated administration in mice and putative neurobiological mechanisms related to this effect. We conducted the behavioral evaluations of prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex (PPI), social interaction, and working memory (Y-maze task), and verified antioxidant (GSH, nitrite levels), anti-inflammatory [interleukin (IL)-6], and neurotrophic [brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)] effects of this oil in hippocampal tissue. The atypical antipsychotic olanzapine (OLZ) was used as standard drug therapy. EOAZ, similarly to OLZ, prevented and reversed most KET-induced schizophrenia-like behavioral alterations, i.e., sensorimotor gating deficits and social impairment. EOAZ had a modest effect on the prevention of KET-associated working memory deficit. Compared to OLZ, EOAZ showed a more favorable side effects profile, inducing less cataleptic and weight gain changes. EOAZ efficiently protected the hippocampus against KET-induced oxidative imbalance, IL-6 increments, and BDNF impairment. In conclusion, our data add more mechanistic evidence for the anti-schizophrenia effects of EOAZ, based on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and BDNF up-regulating actions. The absence of significant side effects observed in current antipsychotic drug therapy seems to be an essential benefit of the oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Yvelize Ramos de Araújo
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60431-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Adriano José Maia Chaves Filho
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60431-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Adriana Mary Nunes
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60431-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Gersilene Valente de Oliveira
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60431-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Xavier Lima Gomes
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60431-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Germana Silva Vasconcelos
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60431-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Carletti
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60431-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Manoel Odorico de Moraes
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Maria Elisabete de Moraes
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Drug Research and Development Center, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Silvânia Maria Mendes Vasconcelos
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60431-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Francisca Cléa Florenço de Sousa
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60431-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - David Freitas de Lucena
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60431-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Danielle S Macedo
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60431-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
- National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Venkataramaiah C, Payani S, Priya BL, Pradeepkiran JA. Therapeutic potentiality of a new flavonoid against ketamine induced glutamatergic dysregulation in schizophrenia: In vivo and in silico approach. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111453. [PMID: 34187143 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate and dopamine hypotheses are leading theories of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that dopaminergic and glutamatergic dysfunction is an underlying mechanism in schizophrenia. Since currently available antipsychotic drugs have significant untoward side effects, identification of new neuroprotective compounds from the medicinal plants may prove beneficial in neurodegenerative disorders. In our previous investigation we have isolated, characterized and reported a novel bioactive compound viz. 3-(3, 4-dimethoxy phenyl)-1-(4-methoxy phenyl) prop-2-en-1-one from the Celastrus paniculatus (CP) is used for the current clinical intervention of schizophrenia disease. The present study is mainly aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of the above bioactive compound against ketamine-induced schizophrenia with particular reference to glutamate metabolism using in vivo and in silico methods. The decrease in glutamine content and the activity levels of glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamine synthetase, and glutaminase in different regions of the rat brain suggests lowered oxidative deamination and lowered mobilization of glutamate towards glutamine formation during ketamine-induced schizophrenia. Pre-treatment with the plant compound reversed the alterations in glutamate metabolism and restored the normal glutamatergic neurotransmission akin to the reference drug, clozapine. In addition, the compound has shown strong interaction and exhibited the highest binding energies against selected NMDA receptors with the lowest inhibition constant than the reference drug. Recoveries of these parameters during anti-schizophrenic treatment suggest that administration of plant compound might offer neuroprotection by interrupting the pathological cascade of glutamatergic neurotransmission that occurs during schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chintha Venkataramaiah
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Venkateswara Vedic University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sholapuri Payani
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Bandila Lakshmi Priya
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Jangampalli Adi Pradeepkiran
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India; Deapartment of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University of Health Science Centre, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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7
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Chintha V, Wudayagiri R. Isolation and neuroprotective prospective of novel bioactive compound "3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one" against ketamine-induced cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: an experimental study. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:1352-1358. [PMID: 33415998 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1869968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
For the first time a new flavonoid compound is isolated from the seeds of Celastrus paniculatus (CP) using different chromatographic techniques and it's structure is predicted as "3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one" by employing various spectroscopic studies. The neuroprotective potential of this flavonoid was evaluated against ketamine-induced cognitive deficits with special reference to cholinergic system in vivo. The compound has exhibited significant neuroprotective property against ketamine-induced cholinergic alterations in different brain regions of rat which are restored to normal during the treatment with the compound on par with the reference compound, clozapine. Moreover, the isolated compound was found to be non-toxic to the animal during the treatment which indicates its safety in any human health related applications and can add value to the new drug development. In conclusion, this is the first study of new flavonoid compound of CP and its protective efficacy against schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkataramaiah Chintha
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Venkateswara Vedic University, Tirupati, India
| | - Rajendra Wudayagiri
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
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8
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Hutten NRPW, Mason NL, Dolder PC, Theunissen EL, Holze F, Liechti ME, Varghese N, Eckert A, Feilding A, Ramaekers JG, Kuypers KPC. Low Doses of LSD Acutely Increase BDNF Blood Plasma Levels in Healthy Volunteers. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 4:461-466. [PMID: 33860175 PMCID: PMC8033605 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
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Despite preclinical evidence for
psychedelic-induced neuroplasticity,
confirmation in humans is grossly lacking. Given the increased interest
in using low doses of psychedelics for psychiatric indications and
the importance of neuroplasticity in the therapeutic response, this
placebo-controlled within-subject study investigated the effect of
single low doses of LSD (5, 10, and 20 μg) on circulating BDNF
levels in healthy volunteers. Blood samples were collected every 2
h over 6 h, and BDNF levels were determined afterward in blood plasma
using ELISA. The findings demonstrated an increase in BDNF blood plasma
levels at 4 h (5 μg) and 6 h (5 and 20 μg) compared to
that for the placebo. The finding that LSD acutely increases BDNF
levels warrants studies in patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia R P W Hutten
- Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Natasha L Mason
- Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C Dolder
- Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Eef L Theunissen
- Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Friederike Holze
- Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel 4003, Switzerland
| | - Matthias E Liechti
- Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel 4003, Switzerland
| | - Nimmy Varghese
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Basel, Basel 4003, Switzerland
| | - Anne Eckert
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Basel, Basel 4003, Switzerland
| | - Amanda Feilding
- The Beckley Foundation, Beckley Park, Oxford OX3 9SY, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes G Ramaekers
- Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Kim P C Kuypers
- Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands
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Venkataramaiah C, Lakshmi Priya B, Rajendra W. Perturbations in the catecholamine metabolism and protective effect of "3-(3, 4-dimethoxy phenyl)-1-4(methoxy phenyl) prop-2-en-1-one" during ketamine-induced schizophrenia: an in vivo and in silico studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:3523-3532. [PMID: 32375600 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1765875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Different kinds of secondary metabolites present in the medicinal plants play an important role to alleviate different human ailments including neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, epilepsy and schizophrenia etc. Recently we have isolated and characterized a novel bioactive compound viz. 3-(3,4-dimethoxy phenyl)-1-4(methoxy phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one from the methanolic extract of Celastrus paniculatus (CP) which has been widely used for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The present investigation is mainly aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of the above bioactive compound against ketamine-induced schizophrenia with particular reference to catecholaminergic metabolism using in vivo and in silico methods. Ketamine-induced schizophrenia caused significant elevation in biogenic amines (epinephrine, nor epinephrine, dopamine and 5-HT) and monoamine oxidase activity levels which were restored to normal during the treatment with the bioactive compound akin to the reference compound, clozapine. In addition, the compound has shown highest binding score against all the biogenic amine receptors viz. D1, D2, D3, D4 and serotonin receptor, 5-HT2A with lowest inhibition constant values than the reference compound, clozapine. The present findings suggest that modulation of CNS monoamine neurotransmitter system might partly contribute to the impairments associated with schizophrenia and the plant compound alleviates the monoaminergic abnormalities associated with the neurological dysfunction.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chintha Venkataramaiah
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Venkateswara Vedic University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Bandila Lakshmi Priya
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Wudayagiri Rajendra
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
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10
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Venkataramaiah C. Modulations in the ATPases during ketamine-induced schizophrenia and regulatory effect of "3-(3, 4-dimethoxy phenyl) -1- (4-methoxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one": an in vivo and in silico studies. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 40:148-156. [PMID: 32009493 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1720242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a devastating illness and displays a wide range of psychotic symptoms. Accumulating evidence indicate impairment of bioenergetic pathways including energy storage and usage in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Although well-established synthetic drugs are being used for the management of schizophrenia, most of them have several adverse effects. Hence, natural products derived from medicinal plants represent a continuous major source for ethnomedicine-derived pharmaceuticals for different neurological disorders including schizophrenia. In the present study, we have investigated the neuroprotective effect of the novel bioactive compound i.e. "3-(3,4-dimethoxy phenyl) -1- (4-methoxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one" of Celastrus paniculata against ketamine-induced schizophrenia with particular reference to the activities of ATPase using in vivo and in silico methods. Ketamine-induced schizophrenia caused significant reduction in the activities of all three ATPases (Na+/K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+) in different regions of brain which reflects the decreased turnover of ATP, presumably due to the inhibition of oxidoreductase system and uncoupling of the same from the electron transport system. On par with the reference compound, clozapine, the activity levels of all three ATPases were restored to normal after pretreatment with the compound suggesting recovery of energy loss that was occurred during ketamine-induced schizophrenia. Besides, the compound has shown strong interaction and exhibited highest binding energies against all the three ATPases with a lowest inhibition constant value than the clozapine. The results of the present study clearly imply that the compound exhibit significant neuroprotective and antischizophrenic effect by modulating bioenergietic pathways that were altered during induced schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chintha Venkataramaiah
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
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11
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Li M, Xie A, Liu Y, Zeng Q, Huang S, Huang Q, Shao T, Chen X, Liao Z, Cai Y, Xiao Z, Zhang X, Shen H. Ketamine Administration Leads to Learning-Memory Dysfunction and Decreases Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Rats. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:576135. [PMID: 33088278 PMCID: PMC7544893 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.576135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effects of acute or chronic ketamine administration on learning and memory function as well as levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus and blood in order to explore the potential correlation between learning-memory dysfunction and ketamine. METHODS Rats were treated with 25 mg/kg ketamine for 3 d (n = 20) or 14 d (n = 20). Saline-treated rats were used as controls. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate spatial learning and memory after 10 d of withdrawal. The level of BDNF in serum and the hippocampus were measured by ELISA. RESULTS The number of platform crossings and residence time in the target platform quadrant were significantly reduced in ketamine 3 d and 14 d groups than in the saline controls (both p < 0.05). In addition, the average escape latency of ketamine 3 d and 14 d groups were significantly longer than that of the saline 3 d and 14 d groups (p < 0.0001), respectively. Further examination found that only serum samples from ketamine 14 d group showed significantly decreased BDNF level compared to that from saline 14 d groups (p < 0.05). However, no differences were detected in hippocampus samples. CONCLUSION Chronic ketamine exposure (25 mg/kg) causes spatial learning and memory deficits in SD rats, which may be associated with decreased serum BDNF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China.,Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Aiming Xie
- Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Neurology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shucai Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, China
| | - Qiuping Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Tianli Shao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenjiang Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Cai
- Department of Psychiatry, Geriatric and Somatic Diseases, Brain Hospital of Human Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Clinical College, Hunan Mental Behavior Disorder Research Center, Changsha, China
| | - Zhijie Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Hongxian Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
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12
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Wu C, Wang Y, He Y, Wu S, Xie Z, Zhang J, Shen J, Wang Z, He L. Sub-anesthetic and anesthetic ketamine produce different long-lasting behavioral phenotypes (24 h post-treatment) via inducing different brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression level in the hippocampus. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 167:107136. [PMID: 31812581 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and preclinical researches have shown that sub-anesthetic ketamine elicits sustained antidepressant effects for up to 1-2 weeks. Pharmacokinetics studies (t1/2 = 23 min) in mice showed no ketamine residue at 24 h after sub-anesthetic or anesthetic ketamine administration. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the mechanism underlying these different biological functions at 24 h after sub-anesthetic and anesthetic ketamine treatment. First, at the animal behavioral level, we found that sub-anesthetic ketamine induced antidepressant and anxiolytic effects while anesthetic ketamine induced depressive-like phenotypes and cognitive impairment. Second, we examined the correlation between behavior phenotype and protein expression, and found that the Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level is oppositely regulated by sub-anesthetic and anesthetic ketamine. Sub-anesthetic ketamine significantly increased the BDNF level, correlating to antidepressant effects; whereas anesthetic dose reduced BDNF expression in the hippocampus, correlating to depressive-like behaviors, anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive impairment. Third, the antidepressant effects of sub-anesthetic ketamine were prevented by pre-treatment of ANA-12, a Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) inhibitor. Thus, we conclude that BDNF may be the key factor underlying antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of sub-anesthetic ketamine at 24 h after treatment. These results may shed light on future studies and the development of long-lasting anti-depressant drugs and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Pharmacology, Topharman Shanghai Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yang He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Topharman Shanghai Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhifei Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Topharman Shanghai Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Topharman Shanghai Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jingshan Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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13
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Chaves VC, Soares MSP, Spohr L, Teixeira F, Vieira A, Constantino LS, Pizzol FD, Lencina CL, Spanevello RM, Freitas MP, Simões CMO, Reginatto FH, Stefanello FM. Blackberry extract improves behavioral and neurochemical dysfunctions in a ketamine-induced rat model of mania. Neurosci Lett 2019; 714:134566. [PMID: 31698027 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder is a chronic mood disorder characterized by episodes of mania and depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of blackberry extract on behavioral parameters, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in a ketamine-induced model of mania. Animals were pretreated with extract (200 mg/kg, once a day for 14 days), lithium chloride (45 mg/kg, twice a day for 14 days), or vehicle. Between the 8th and 14th days, the animals received an injection of ketamine (25 mg/kg) or vehicle. On the 15th day, thirty minutes after ketamine administration, the animals' locomotion was assessed using open-field apparatus. After the experiments, the animals were euthanized and cerebral structures were removed for neurochemical analyses. The results showed that ketamine treatment induced hyperlocomotion and oxidative damage in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum. In contrast, pretreatment with the extract or lithium was able to prevent hyperlocomotion and oxidative damage in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and striatum. In addition, IL-6 and IL-10 levels were increased by ketamine, while the extract prevented these effects in the cerebral cortex. Pretreatment with the extract was also effective in decreasing IL-6 and increasing the level of IL-10 in the striatum. In summary, our findings suggest that blackberry consumption could help prevent or reduce manic episodes, since this extract have demonstrated neuroprotective properties as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in the ketamine-induced mania model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor C Chaves
- Laboratório de Virologia Aplicada, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia & Biociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil
| | - Mayara S P Soares
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiza Spohr
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Teixeira
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Andriele Vieira
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, SC, Brazil
| | - Larissa S Constantino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal Pizzol
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Roselia M Spanevello
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus P Freitas
- Departamento de Educação Física, Faculdade Anhanguera de Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudia M O Simões
- Laboratório de Virologia Aplicada, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia & Biociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil
| | - Flávio H Reginatto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil
| | - Francieli M Stefanello
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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14
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Zhang M, Radford KD, Driscoll M, Purnomo S, Kim J, Choi KH. Effects of subanesthetic intravenous ketamine infusion on neuroplasticity-related proteins in the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus of Sprague-Dawley rats. IBRO Rep 2019; 6:87-94. [PMID: 30723838 PMCID: PMC6350099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketamine, a multimodal dissociative anesthetic, is a powerful analgesic administered following trauma due to its hemodynamic and respiratory stability. However, ketamine can cause hallucination and dissociation which may adversely impact traumatic memory after an injury. The effects of ketamine on proteins implicated in neural plasticity are unclear due to different doses, routes, and timing of drug administration in previous studies. Here, we investigated the effects of a single intravenous (IV) ketamine infusion on protein levels in three brain regions of rats. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats with indwelling IV catheters underwent an auditory fear conditioning (three pairings of tone and mild footshock 0.8 mA, 0.5 s) and received a high dose of IV ketamine (0 or 40 mg/kg/2 h) infusion (Experiment 1). In a follow-up study, animals received a low dose of IV ketamine (0 or 10 mg/kg/2 h) infusion (Experiment 2). Two hours after the infusion, brain tissue from the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), hippocampus, and amygdala were collected for western blot analyses. Protein levels of a transcription factor (c-Fos), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) were quantified in these regions. The 40 mg/kg ketamine infusion increased c-Fos levels in the mPFC and amygdala as well as pERK levels in the mPFC and hippocampus. The 10 mg/kg ketamine infusion increased BDNF levels in the amygdala, but decreased pERK levels in the mPFC and hippocampus. These findings suggest that a clinically relevant route of ketamine administration produces dose-dependent and brain region-specific effects on proteins involved in neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
| | - Kennett D. Radford
- Daniel K. Inouye Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
| | - Mercedes Driscoll
- National Capital Consortium Psychiatry Residency Program, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
| | - Salsabila Purnomo
- Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
| | - Jean Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
| | - Kwang H. Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
- Daniel K. Inouye Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
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15
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Depression-like state behavioural outputs may confer beneficial outcomes in risky environments. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3792. [PMID: 30846817 PMCID: PMC6405905 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40390-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent theories in evolutionary medicine have suggested that behavioural outputs associated with depression-like states (DLS) could be an adaptation to unpredictable and precarious situations. In animal models, DLS are often linked to diverse and unpredictable stressors or adverse experiences. Theoretically, there are a range of potential fitness benefits associated with behavioural inhibition (typical to DLS), as opposed to more active/aggressive responses to adverse or uncontrollable events. This stance of evolutionary medicine has to our knowledge not been tested empirically. Here we address a possible key benefit of behavioural inhibition in a comparative model for social stress (territorial rainbow trout). By treating fish with the fast-acting antidepressant ketamine, we reversed the behavioural inhibition (i.e. stimulated an increase in activity level) in subordinate fish. During confrontation with a previously unfamiliar larger, aggressive and dominant individual, this increase in activity led to higher amounts of received aggression compared to sham-treated subordinates. This suggests that the behavioural inhibition characterizing animal models of DLS is indeed an effective coping strategy that reduces the risk of injuries in vulnerable social situations.
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16
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Episodic-like memory impairment induced by sub-anaesthetic doses of ketamine. Behav Brain Res 2018; 359:165-171. [PMID: 30359643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Episodic-like memory refers to integration of where and when a certain event (what) happened. The glutamatergic neurotransmission, particularly AMPA and NMDA receptors, in the dorsal hippocampus mediates episodic recall. Ketamine is a non-competitive NMDA antagonist with effect on cognitive performance and plasticity. The goal of this study was to evaluate the acute action of ketamine on behavioural and neurochemical aspects of episodic-like memory (WWWhen/ELM task) through immediate-early gene expression (IEG), c-Fos, in the dorsal hippocampus. Animals received saline 0.9% or ketamine at 8 mg/kg or 15 mg/kg (i.p.) immediately after the second sample. Our data indicate that untreated and saline rats integrate the three elements of episodic-like memory. Conversely, animals treated with ketamine showed impairment of ELM formation. In addition, the highest dose of ketamine increased c-Fos expression in dorsal CA1 subregion when compared to saline rats. Our results indicate that the antagonism of NMDA concurrently impair ELM formation of all three aspects of ELM and increase neuronal activation in dorsal CA1.
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17
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Ahmed HI, Abdel-Sattar SA, Zaky HS. Vinpocetine halts ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like deficits in rats: impact on BDNF and GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 391:1327-1338. [PMID: 30083945 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1552-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
There are increasing evidences supporting the involvement of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in schizophrenia. Vinpocetine, a nootropic phosphodiesterase-1 inhibitor, was proven to possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials. This research aimed to reveal the likely protective features of vinpocetine against ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like deficits in rats. Additionally, the probable mechanisms contributing to this neuroprotection were also elucidated. Vinpocetine was given (20 mg/kg, i.p.) once a day for 14 days commencing 7 days before administrating ketamine (25 mg/kg i.p.). Risperidone was applied as a reference antipsychotic. Vinpocetine pre-treatment revealed a marked amendment in the hyperlocomotion, anxiety, and short-term memory deficits induced by ketamine in rats. In rats' hippocampus, ketamine induced a drastic increase in tissue levels of dopamine, lipid peroxidation, and pro-inflammatory cytokines along with a significant decrease in glutamate, GABA, SOD, and total anti-oxidant capacity. Also, ketamine induced a reduced level of BDNF together with the potentiation of GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway that led to the destruction of β-catenin. Pre-treatment of ketamine-challenged animals with vinpocetine significantly attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurotransmitter alterations. Vinpocetine also elevated BDNF expression and prevented ketamine-induced stimulation of the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling. This research presents enlightenments into the role of vinpocetine in schizophrenia. This role may be accomplished through its effect on oxidative stress, inflammation as well as modulating BDNF and the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebatalla I Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11754, Egypt.
| | - Somaia A Abdel-Sattar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11754, Egypt
| | - Heba S Zaky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11754, Egypt
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18
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Ben-Azu B, Aderibigbe AO, Ajayi AM, Eneni AEO, Umukoro S, Iwalewa EO. Involvement of GABAergic, BDNF and Nox-2 mechanisms in the prevention and reversal of ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like behavior by morin in mice. Brain Res Bull 2018; 139:292-306. [PMID: 29548911 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
GABAergic (Gamma-aminobutyric acid) and neurotrophic derangements have important implication in schizophrenia, a neuropsychiatric disease. Previous studies have shown that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH-oxidase) alters GABAergic and neurotrophic activities via inflammatory and oxidative pathways. Thus, it has been proposed that agents with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties might be beneficial for the treatment of the disease. Morin is neuroactive bioflavonoid compound, which has been reported to demonstrate antipsychotic and anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we further evaluated its effects on the brain markers of GABAergic, neurotrophic and oxidative alterations in the preventive and reversal of schizophrenia-like behavior induced by ketamine (KET). In the prevention protocol, adult mice were treated intraperitoneally with morin (100 mg/kg/day), haloperidol (1 mg/kg/day), risperidone (0.5 mg/kg/day), or saline (10 mL/kg/day) for 14 consecutive days. In addition, the animals were administered KET (20 mg/kg/day) from the 8th to the 14th day. In the reversal protocol, the animals received KET or saline for 14 days. From 8th to 14th days mice were additionally treated with morin, haloperidol, risperidone or saline. Schizophrenic-like behaviors consisting of positive (stereotypy test), negative (behavioral despair in forced swim test) and cognitive (novel-object recognition test) symptoms were evaluated. Afterwards, brain levels of biomarkers of GABAergic (Glutamic acid decarboxylase-67, GAD67), neurotrophic (Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF) and oxidative [NADPH-oxidase, superoxide dismutase, (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] alterations were determined in the striatum, prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus, respectively. Morin significantly (p < 0.05) prevented and reversed KET-induced increased stereotypy, behavioral despair and deficit in cognitive functions when compared with KET-treated mice respectively. Also, morin and risperidone but not haloperidol, significantly (p < 0.05) prevented and reversed the decreases in expressions of GAD67 and BDNF immunoreactivity in the striatum, PFC and hippocampus caused by KET. Moreover, morin and risperidone significantly (p < 0.05) decreased regional brain expressions of NADPH-oxidase immunopositive cells and increased endogenous anti-oxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) in the striatum, PFC and hippocampus relative to KET controls respectively. Taken together, these findings further suggest that the antipsychotic-like activity of morin may be mediated via mechanisms related to enhancement of GABAergic neurotransmission and neurotrophic factor, and suppression of NADPH-oxidase induced oxidative damage in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benneth Ben-Azu
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Adegbuyi Oladele Aderibigbe
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Mayowa Ajayi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Aya-Ebi Okubo Eneni
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Umukoro
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Ezekiel O Iwalewa
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Réus GZ, Becker IRT, Scaini G, Petronilho F, Oses JP, Kaddurah-Daouk R, Ceretta LB, Zugno AI, Dal-Pizzol F, Quevedo J, Barichello T. The inhibition of the kynurenine pathway prevents behavioral disturbances and oxidative stress in the brain of adult rats subjected to an animal model of schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 81:55-63. [PMID: 29030243 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Evidence has shown that the kynurenine pathway (KP) plays a role in the onset of oxidative stress and also in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to use a pharmacological animal model of schizophrenia induced by ketamine to investigate if KP inhibitors could protect the brains of Wistar rats against oxidative stress and behavioral changes. Ketamine, injected at the dose of 25mg/kg, increased spontaneous locomotor activity. However, the inhibitors of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and kynurenine-3-monooxygenase (KMO) were able to reverse these changes. In addition, the IDO inhibitor prevented lipid peroxidation, and decreased the levels of protein carbonyl in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus and striatum. It also increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the hippocampus, as well as increasing the levels of catalase activity in the PFC and hippocampus. The TDO inhibitor prevented lipid damage in the striatum and reduced the levels of protein carbonyl in the hippocampus and striatum. Also, the TDO inhibitor increased the levels of SOD activity in the striatum and CAT activity in the hippocampus of ketamine-induced pro-oxidant effects. Lipid damage was not reversed by the KMO inhibitor. The KMO inhibitor increased the levels of SOD activity in the hippocampus, and reduced the levels of protein carbonyl while elevating the levels of CAT activity in the striatum of rats that had been injected with ketamine. Our findings revealed that the KP pathway could be a potential mechanism by which a schizophrenia animal model induced by ketamine could cause interference by producing behavioral disturbance and inducing oxidative stress in the brain, suggesting that the inhibition of the KP pathway could be a potential target in treating schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Z Réus
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
| | - Indianara R T Becker
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Jean P Oses
- Translational Science on Brain Disorders, Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rima Kaddurah-Daouk
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Luciane B Ceretta
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra I Zugno
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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20
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Onaolapo OJ, Paul TB, Onaolapo AY. Comparative effects of sertraline, haloperidol or olanzapine treatments on ketamine-induced changes in mouse behaviours. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:1475-1489. [PMID: 28508340 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0031-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Effects of sertraline, haloperidol or olanzapine administration on ketamine-induced behaviours in mice were examined. The aim was to ascertain the degree of reversal of such behaviours by sertraline, and compare its effectiveness to haloperidol and olanzapine. Ten-week old mice (N = 120) were equally divided into main groups; 1 (open-field, radial-arm maze and elevated plus maze {EPM} tests), and 2 (social interaction test). Mice in each main group were assigned into six groups of ten (n = 10) each. Group 1 received intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of vehicle, while groups 2-6 received i.p ketamine at 15 mg/kg daily for 10 days. From day 11 to 24, mice in group 1 (vehicle) were given distilled water (i.p at 2 ml/kg and oral at 10 ml/kg), group 2 (ketamine control) received daily i.p ketamine and oral distilled water; while animals in groups 3-6 received daily i.p. ketamine and oral haloperidol (4 mg/kg), olanzapine (2 mg/kg), or one of two doses of sertraline (SERT) (2.5 or 5 mg/kg), respectively. Treatments were administered daily, and behaviours assessed on days 11 and 24. Results showed that repeated ketamine administration caused hyperlocomotion, increased self-grooming, memory loss and social withdrawal. Administration of sertraline (both doses), haloperidol, and olanzapine reversed ketamine-induced behavioural changes. However, in the EPM, sertraline and olanzapine were anxiolytic, while haloperidol was anxiogenic. Sertraline's effect on behaviours tested was comparable to olanzapine and better than haloperidol. In conclusion, this study shows that sertraline's ability to counteract ketamine-induced behavioural changes in mice is comparable to known antipsychotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- O J Onaolapo
- Department of Pharmacology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - T B Paul
- Department of Anatomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - A Y Onaolapo
- Department of Anatomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
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Neves G, Borsoi M, Antonio CB, Pranke MA, Betti AH, Rates SMK. Is Forced Swimming Immobility a Good Endpoint for Modeling Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia? - Study of Sub-Anesthetic Ketamine Repeated Administration Effects. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:1655-1669. [PMID: 28832723 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immobility time in the forced swimming has been described as analogous to emotional blunting or apathy and has been used for characterizing schizophrenia animal models. Several clinical studies support the use of NMDA receptor antagonists to model schizophrenia in rodents. Some works describe the effects of ketamine on immobility behavior but there is variability in the experimental design used leading to controversial results. In this study, we evaluated the effects of repeated administration of ketamine sub-anesthetic doses in forced swimming, locomotion in response to novelty and novel object recognition, aiming a broader evaluation of the usefulness of this experimental approach for modeling schizophrenia in mice. Ketamine (30 mg/kg/day i.p. for 14 days) induced a not persistent decrease in immobility time, detected 24h but not 72h after treatment. This same administration protocol induced a deficit in novel object recognition. No change was observed in mice locomotion. Our results confirm that repeated administration of sub-anesthetic doses of ketamine is useful in modeling schizophrenia-related behavioral changes in mice. However, the immobility time during forced swimming does not seem to be a good endpoint to evaluate the modeling of negative symptoms in NMDAR antagonist animal models of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda Neves
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia Experimental, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Milene Borsoi
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia Experimental, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila B Antonio
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia Experimental, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana A Pranke
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia Experimental, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Andresa H Betti
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia Experimental, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Stela M K Rates
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia Experimental, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Ketamine potentiates oxidative stress and influences behavior and inflammation in response to lipolysaccharide (LPS) exposure in early life. Neuroscience 2017; 353:17-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Janardhanan A, Sadanand A, Vanisree AJ. Nardostachys jatamansi Targets BDNF-TrkB to Alleviate Ketamine-Induced Schizophrenia-Like Symptoms in Rats. Neuropsychobiology 2017; 74:104-114. [PMID: 28241130 DOI: 10.1159/000454985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Schizophrenia, a common neurological disorder appearing in the late teens or early adulthood, is characterized by disorganized thinking, behaviour, and perception of emotions. Aberrant N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated synaptic plasticity is a major pathological event here due to dysfunction of dopamine and glutamate transmission at NMDA receptors. De-regulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), i.e., its signalling through the tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptor, is a major feature of schizophrenia. With recent global awareness of traditional plant medicines in reducing side effects, the aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of the ethanolic root extract of a herb belonging to the Valerianacea family, Nardostachys jatamansi, against ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like model in rats. METHODS The effect of the N. jatamansi drug (oral dosage of 500 mg/kg body weight for 14 days) in ketamine-administered male Wistar albino rats (30 mg/kg body weight for 5 days) on modulating behaviour and the level of neurotransmitters like dopamine and glutamate was studied in whole-brain homogenates, and its influence on BDNF and TrkB levels in 2 relevant brain regions, the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, was assessed. RESULTS We observed that N. jatamansi treatment exhibited encouraging results in the modulation of ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like behaviours, principally the positive symptoms. Our drug both significantly upregulated the glutamate level and downregulated the dopamine level in whole-brain homogenates and retained the normal levels of BDNF (in the hippocampus but not in the prefrontal cortex) and TrkB (in both hippocampus and prefrontal cortex) induced by ketamine in rats. CONCLUSION These findings suggest a neuroprotective effect of the ethanolic root extract of N. jatamansi against ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like symptoms in rats; possibly, regarding its effect on TrkB signalling. Further research is warranted in the treatment of schizophrenic symptoms.
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Evaluation of 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations in animal models of mania: Ketamine and lisdexamfetamine-induced hyperlocomotion in rats. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 26:1900-1908. [PMID: 27842942 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced hyperlocomotion in rodents is frequently used as a behavioral model for mania. However, the use of locomotor activity as the single parameter in these animal models of mania may pose some limitations for developing new pharmacological treatments. Thus, alternative behavioral markers are required. Fifty-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USV), which are thought to represent positive affect, are increased by the administration of the psychostimulant d-amphetamine, an effect that can be prevented by lithium treatment, the gold standard antimanic drug for treating bipolar disorder. The aim of this study was to evaluate 50-kHz USV in two other pharmacological-induced animal models of mania: ketamine (KET)- and lisdexamfetamine (LDX)-induced hyperlocomotion. After systemic injection of LDX (10mg/kg, ip), racemic-ketamine (25mg/kg, ip) or S-ketamine (25mg/kg, ip), locomotor activity and 50-kHz USV emission were evaluated in rats. Furthermore, the effects of an antimanic treatment, namely lithium carbonate (100mg/kg, ip), on LDX-induced 50-kHz USV and hyperlocomotion were tested. Rats treated with racemic KET and S-KET showed increased locomotor activity, but these drug treatments did not significantly affect 50-kHz USV emission rates. On the other hand, LDX administration increased both locomotor activity and 50-kHz USV with both effects being reversed by lithium administration. The present findings suggest that 50-kHz USV can differentiate between drug-induced models of mania, which may represent different types of manic episodes. Thus, measuring 50-kHz USV might serve as an additional valuable behavioral variable to assess mania-like phenotypes in rat models.
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25
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Debom G, Gazal M, Soares MSP, do Couto CAT, Mattos B, Lencina C, Kaster MP, Ghisleni GC, Tavares R, Braganhol E, Chaves VC, Reginatto FH, Stefanello F, Spanevello RM. Preventive effects of blueberry extract on behavioral and biochemical dysfunctions in rats submitted to a model of manic behavior induced by ketamine. Brain Res Bull 2016; 127:260-269. [PMID: 27769874 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of blueberry extract on oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters in a model of mania induced by ketamine administration in rats. Male rats were pretreated with blueberry extract (200mg/kg, once a day for 14days), lithium chloride (45mg/kg, mood stabilizer used as a positive control, twice a day for 14days), or vehicle. Between the 8th and 14th days, rats also received an injection of ketamine (25mg/kg) or vehicle. In the 15th day, thirty minutes after ketamine administration the hyperlocomotion of the animals was assessed in the open - field apparatus. Immediately after the behavioral analysis brain and blood were collected for biochemical determinations. ketamine treatment induced hyperlocomotion and oxidative damage in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum such as an increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in the antioxidant enzymes activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase e glutatione peroxidase). Ketamine administration also increased the IL-6 levels in serum in rats. Pretreatment of rats with blueberry extract or lithium prevented the hyperlocomotion, pro - oxidant effects and inflammation induced by ketamine. Our findings suggest that blueberry consumption has a neuroprotective potential against behavioral and biochemical dysfunctions induced in a preclinical model that mimic some aspects of the manic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Debom
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marta Gazal
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mayara Sandrielly Pereira Soares
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlus Augustu Tavares do Couto
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Mattos
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Claiton Lencina
- Curso de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Manuella Pinto Kaster
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Rejane Tavares
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vitor Clasen Chaves
- Programa de Pós - Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Flávio Henrique Reginatto
- Programa de Pós - Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Francieli Stefanello
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Roselia Maria Spanevello
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário S/N, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Nguyen L, Lucke-Wold BP, Logsdon AF, Scandinaro AL, Huber JD, Matsumoto RR. Behavioral and biochemical effects of ketamine and dextromethorphan relative to its antidepressant-like effects in Swiss Webster mice. Neuroreport 2016; 27:1004-11. [PMID: 27580401 PMCID: PMC5020901 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ketamine has been shown to produce rapid and robust antidepressant effects in depressed individuals; however, its abuse potential and adverse psychotomimetic effects limit its widespread use. Dextromethorphan (DM) may serve as a safer alternative on the basis of pharmacodynamic similarities to ketamine. In this proof-of-concept study, behavioral and biochemical analyses were carried out to evaluate the potential involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the antidepressant-like effects of DM in mice, with comparisons to ketamine and imipramine. Male Swiss, Webster mice were injected with DM, ketamine, or imipramine and their behaviors were evaluated in the forced-swim test and the open-field test. Western blots were used to measure BDNF and its precursor, pro-BDNF, protein expression in the hippocampus and the frontal cortex of these mice. Our results show that both DM and imipramine reduced immobility time in the forced-swim test without affecting locomotor activity, whereas ketamine reduced immobility time and increased locomotor activity. Ketamine also rapidly (within 40 min) increased pro-BDNF expression in an α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor-dependent manner in the hippocampus, whereas DM and imipramine did not alter pro-BDNF or BDNF levels in either the hippocampus or the frontal cortex within this timeframe. These data show that DM shares some features with both ketamine and imipramine. Additional studies examining DM may aid in the development of more rapid, safe, and efficacious antidepressant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Nguyen
- Departments of aPharmaceutical SciencesbBehavioral Medicine and PsychiatrycPhysiology and PharmacologydNeurosurgery, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West VirginiaeCollege of Pharmacy, Touro University California, Vallejo, California, USA
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Hypoestrogenism alters mood: Ketamine reverses depressive-like behavior induced by ovariectomy in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 68:109-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Stenovec M, Lasič E, Božić M, Bobnar ST, Stout RF, Grubišić V, Parpura V, Zorec R. Ketamine Inhibits ATP-Evoked Exocytotic Release of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor from Vesicles in Cultured Rat Astrocytes. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:6882-6896. [PMID: 26660497 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9562-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the brain, astrocytes signal to neighboring cells via regulated exocytotic release of gliosignaling molecules, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Recent studies uncovered a role of ketamine, an anesthetic and antidepressant, in the regulation of BDNF expression and in the disruption of astrocytic Ca2+ signaling, but it is unclear whether it affects astroglial BDNF release. We investigated whether ketamine affects ATP-evoked Ca2+ signaling and exocytotic release of BDNF at the single-vesicle level in cultured rat astrocytes. Cells were transfected with a plasmid encoding preproBDNF tagged with the pH-sensitive fluorescent protein superecliptic pHluorin, (BDNF-pHse) to load vesicles and measure the release of BDNF-pHse when the exocytotic fusion pore opens and alkalinizes the luminal pH. In addition, cell-attached membrane capacitance changes were recorded to monitor unitary vesicle interaction with the plasma membrane. Intracellular Ca2+ activity was monitored with Fluo-4 and confocal microscopy, which was also used to immunocytochemically characterize BDNF-pHse-laden vesicles. As revealed by double-fluorescent micrographs, BDNF-pHse localized to vesicles positive for the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins, vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2), VAMP3, and synaptotagmin IV. Ketamine treatment decreased the number of ATP-evoked BDNF-pHse fusion/secretion events (P < 0.05), the frequency of ATP-evoked transient (P < 0.001) and full-fusion exocytotic (P < 0.05) events, along with a reduction in the ATP-evoked increase in intracellular Ca2+ activity in astrocytes by ~70 % (P < 0.001). The results show that ketamine treatment suppresses ATP-triggered vesicle fusion and BDNF secretion by increasing the probability of a narrow fusion pore open state and/or by reducing astrocytic Ca2+ excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matjaž Stenovec
- Celica Biomedical, Tehnološki park 24, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Eva Lasič
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mićo Božić
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Saša Trkov Bobnar
- Celica Biomedical, Tehnološki park 24, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Randy F Stout
- Department of Neurobiology, Civitan International Research Center and Center for Glial Biology in Medicine, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Atomic Force Microscopy and Nanotechnology Laboratories, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Avenue South, CIRC 429, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- The Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Rose F. Kennedy Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Vladimir Grubišić
- Department of Neurobiology, Civitan International Research Center and Center for Glial Biology in Medicine, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Atomic Force Microscopy and Nanotechnology Laboratories, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Avenue South, CIRC 429, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Vladimir Parpura
- Department of Neurobiology, Civitan International Research Center and Center for Glial Biology in Medicine, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Atomic Force Microscopy and Nanotechnology Laboratories, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Avenue South, CIRC 429, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Robert Zorec
- Celica Biomedical, Tehnološki park 24, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Xu K, Lipsky RH. Repeated ketamine administration alters N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor subunit gene expression: implication of genetic vulnerability for ketamine abuse and ketamine psychosis in humans. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 240:145-55. [PMID: 25245072 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214549531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For more than 40 years following its approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an anesthetic, ketamine, a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has been used as a tool of psychiatric research. As a psychedelic drug, ketamine induces psychotic symptoms, cognitive impairment, and mood elevation, which resemble some symptoms of schizophrenia. Recreational use of ketamine has been increasing in recent years. However, little is known of the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for ketamine-associated psychosis. Recent animal studies have shown that repeated ketamine administration significantly increases NMDA receptor subunit gene expression, in particular subunit 1 (NR1 or GluN1) levels. This results in neurodegeneration, supporting a potential mechanism where up-regulation of NMDA receptors could produce cognitive deficits in chronic ketamine abuse patients. In other studies, NMDA receptor gene variants are associated with addictive behavior. Here, we focus on the roles of NMDA receptor gene subunits in ketamine abuse and ketamine psychosis and propose that full sequencing of NMDA receptor genes may help explain individual vulnerability to ketamine abuse and ketamine-associated psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Robert H Lipsky
- Inova Neuroscience Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA Department of Molecular Neuroscience, the Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
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MAPK signaling correlates with the antidepressant effects of ketamine. J Psychiatr Res 2014; 55:15-21. [PMID: 24819632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Studies have pointed to a relationship between MAPK kinase (MEK) signaling and the behavioral effects of antidepressant drugs. So, in the present study we examined the behavioral and molecular effects of ketamine, an antagonist of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA), which has been shown to have an antidepressant effect after the inhibition of MEK signaling in Wistar rats. Our results showed that acute administration of the MEK inhibitor PD184161, produced depressive-like behavior and stopped antidepressant-like effects of ketamine in the forced swimming test. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (pERK 1/2) was decreased by PD184161 in the amygdala and nucleus accumbens, and the effects of ketamine on pERK 1/2 in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were inhibited by PD184161. The ERK 2 levels were decreased by PD184161 in the nucleus accumbens; and the effects of ketamine were blocked in this brain area. The p38 protein kinase (p38MAPK) and proBDNF were inhibited by PD184161, and the MEK inhibitor prevented the effects of ketamine in the nucleus accumbens. In addition, ketamine increased pro-BDNF levels in the hippocampus. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that an acute blockade of MAPK signaling lead to depressive-like behavior and stopped the antidepressant response of ketamine, suggesting that the effects of ketamine could be mediated, at least in part, by the regulation of MAPK signaling in these specific brain areas.
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