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Valenzuela JP, San Juan E, Botto-Mahan C. What is behind the success of terrestrial bromeliads as microhabitat for the sylvatic triatomine Mepraia spinolai? Acta Trop 2024; 249:107053. [PMID: 37898478 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Puya alpestris, P. berteroniana and P. chilensis (Bromeliaceae) are terrestrial plants present in north-central Chile, considered important part of the shrub flora due to their abundance and close interaction with animals. A previous study showed that bromeliad cover positively correlates with the abundance of the sylvatic triatomine vector Mepraia spinolai, only when infected by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. Here, we assessed the biological interactions and abiotic conditions provided by these Puya species to M. spinolai. During the austral summers of 2015 and 2016, we sampled 17 sites with presence of M. spinolai colonies. In each site, we estimated the presence of bromeliad and its cover proportion, and placed a camera trap for three months near a M. spinolai colony to record the vertebrates potentially interacting with this triatomine. Three of the camera traps were placed right in front of M. spinolai-colonized bromeliads. At the same time, triatomines present under these bromeliads were collected to assess their blood meal by Next Generation Sequencing. Between July 2017 and January 2018, we examined the abiotic conditions (temperature and humidity) under bromeliad, under rocks and at ground level. We detected 40 vertebrate species associated to Puya spp. (18 birds, 16 mammals, and 6 reptiles). Puya spp. are a resource for keystone species in T. cruzi sylvatic transmission, including small mammals (Octodon degus, Phyllotis darwini) and lizard species (Liolaemus spp.), detecting a positive association between bromeliad presence and availability of reptiles and non-domestic mammals. Native rodents and humans were the most represented vertebrates in the diet of M. spinolai collected under bromeliads. Temperatures were more stable under bromeliad, showing lower amplitude (up to 14.3 °C) compared to under rocks (23.7 °C) or at ground level (49.6 °C). Bromeliads present in the semiarid-Mediterranean ecosystem provide feeding opportunities for triatomines, and act as buffer of abiotic conditions reducing daily thermal amplitude. The presence of bromeliads near human settlements should be carefully monitored, especially because their leaves are consumed by people and browsed by livestock present in endemic areas of Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Valenzuela
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Esteban San Juan
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carezza Botto-Mahan
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Santana JKS, Carneiro FR, Alevi KCC, Galvão C, da Rosa JA, de Oliveira J. Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) fauna in bird nests: the case of Morrinhos, Ceará, Brazil. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2023; 48:124-130. [PMID: 37843454 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-48.2.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Triatominae are associated with various Brazilian habitats, including bird nests, animal burrows, and peridomestic structures. Despite extensive studies on triatomines in domiciliary environments in Ceará, Brazil, there has been limited research on their presence in the wild. This study focuses on the municipality of Morrinhos in Ceará, which is characterized by a Caatinga biome and riparian forests along the Acaraú River. During the study, a total of 185 nests of Pseudoseisura cristata were analyzed in rural locations and triatomines were collected in 26 nests from 12 different locations. A total of 117 triatomines was collected, belonging to three species: Psammolestes tertius, Rhodnius nasutus, and Triatoma pseudomaculata. Rhodnius nasutus was the only species found in a nest inhabited by Didelphis albiventris. Nests of P. cristata serve as shelters for various animals, providing an ideal environment for triatomines to establish colonies due to their proximity to food sources and their generalist feeding habits. The incorporation of anthropogenic materials by birds in nest construction can indirectly affect the presence of other animals that may serve as food sources for triatomines. Understanding the interactions between triatomines, birds, and their habitats is essential for assessing the risks associated with triatomine infestation in wild ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi
- Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
| | - Cleber Galvão
- Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
| | - João Aristeu da Rosa
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, SP, Brasil
| | - Jader de Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, SP, Brasil
- Laboratório de Entomologia em Saúde Pública, Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Varian CP, Saldaña A, Calzada JE, Abad‐Franch F, Kieran TJ, Padukone A, Peterson JK, Gottdenker NL. Food web structure and microenvironment affect Chagas disease vector infection and abundance in a rural landscape. Ecosphere 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christina P. Varian
- Department of Veterinary Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
| | - Azael Saldaña
- Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES) Panama City Panama
- Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Parasitarias (CIDEP), Faculty of Medicine University of Panamá Panama City Panama
| | - Jose E. Calzada
- Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES) Panama City Panama
| | - Fernando Abad‐Franch
- Grupo Triatomíneos Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – Fiocruz Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de Brasília Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Troy J. Kieran
- Department of Environmental Health Science College of Public Health, University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
| | - Anchal Padukone
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
| | | | - Nicole L. Gottdenker
- Department of Veterinary Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
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4
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Brito RN, Souza RCM, Diotaitui L, Lima VS, Ferreira RA. Coleção de Vetores de Tripanosomatídeos (Fiocruz/COLVET) held at the institution Fiocruz Minas in Brazil: diversity of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) and relevance for research, education, and entomological surveillance. Zookeys 2021; 1074:17-42. [PMID: 34963751 PMCID: PMC8654810 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1074.69700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coleção de Vetores de Tripanosomatídeos (Fiocruz/COLVET), Minas Gerais, Brazil, stands out as one of the most important collections of blood-sucking triatomines, the vectors of Trypanosomacruzi that causes Chagas disease. The aim is to describe the collection and the services it provides to support scientific research, educational activities, and entomological surveillance between 2013-2019.The data associated with the specimens held in Fiocruz/COLVET is available from the Sistema de Informação sobre a Biodiversidade Brasileira (SiBBr). These specimen metadata were analyzed and either tabulated or plotted on graph and maps. The records of services provided by the collection between 2013-2019 were also categorized and analyzed. There are 12,568 triatomine specimens deposited in the collection that belong to 77 species and 11 genera, from 15 American countries. Of the ~ 65 species of triatomines found in Brazil, 38 (57.6%) are present in the collection, including specimens from all biomes and all but three Brazilian states. The occurrence of Triatomacostalimai, Triatomalenti, Rhodniusnasutus, and Panstrongyluslenti apparently collected beyond their known distribution ranges are reported and discussed. The collection provided 168 services, supporting educational activities (41.7%), scientific research (35.7%), and regional/national entomological surveillance of triatomines (22.6%). Between the years 2014 and 2020, the number of biological specimens deposited in the Fiocruz/COLVET repository increased from 4,778 to 12,568 triatomine specimens. In addition to its great value to biodiversity conservation, the collection is of great importance because of its support of research and educational activities, and contributions to entomological surveillance, and, therefore, to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa N. Brito
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – IRR/Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilInstituto René RachouBelo HorizonteBrazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Distrito Federal, BrazilUniversidade de BrasíliaBrasíliaBrazil
| | - Rita C. M. Souza
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – IRR/Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilInstituto René RachouBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Liléia Diotaitui
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – IRR/Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilInstituto René RachouBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Valeria S. Lima
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – IRR/Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilInstituto René RachouBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Raquel A. Ferreira
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – IRR/Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilInstituto René RachouBelo HorizonteBrazil
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Abad-Franch F, Monteiro FA, Pavan MG, Patterson JS, Bargues MD, Zuriaga MÁ, Aguilar M, Beard CB, Mas-Coma S, Miles MA. Under pressure: phenotypic divergence and convergence associated with microhabitat adaptations in Triatominae. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:195. [PMID: 33832518 PMCID: PMC8034103 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04647-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triatomine bugs, the vectors of Chagas disease, associate with vertebrate hosts in highly diverse ecotopes. It has been proposed that occupation of new microhabitats may trigger selection for distinct phenotypic variants in these blood-sucking bugs. Although understanding phenotypic variation is key to the study of adaptive evolution and central to phenotype-based taxonomy, the drivers of phenotypic change and diversity in triatomines remain poorly understood. Methods/results We combined a detailed phenotypic appraisal (including morphology and morphometrics) with mitochondrial cytb and nuclear ITS2 DNA sequence analyses to study Rhodnius ecuadoriensis populations from across the species’ range. We found three major, naked-eye phenotypic variants. Southern-Andean bugs primarily from vertebrate-nest microhabitats (Ecuador/Peru) are typical, light-colored, small bugs with short heads/wings. Northern-Andean bugs from wet-forest palms (Ecuador) are dark, large bugs with long heads/wings. Finally, northern-lowland bugs primarily from dry-forest palms (Ecuador) are light-colored and medium-sized. Wing and (size-free) head shapes are similar across Ecuadorian populations, regardless of habitat or phenotype, but distinct in Peruvian bugs. Bayesian phylogenetic and multispecies-coalescent DNA sequence analyses strongly suggest that Ecuadorian and Peruvian populations are two independently evolving lineages, with little within-lineage phylogeographic structuring or differentiation. Conclusions We report sharp naked-eye phenotypic divergence of genetically similar Ecuadorian R. ecuadoriensis (nest-dwelling southern-Andean vs palm-dwelling northern bugs; and palm-dwelling Andean vs lowland), and sharp naked-eye phenotypic similarity of typical, yet genetically distinct, southern-Andean bugs primarily from vertebrate-nest (but not palm) microhabitats. This remarkable phenotypic diversity within a single nominal species likely stems from microhabitat adaptations possibly involving predator-driven selection (yielding substrate-matching camouflage coloration) and a shift from palm-crown to vertebrate-nest microhabitats (yielding smaller bodies and shorter and stouter heads). These findings shed new light on the origins of phenotypic diversity in triatomines, warn against excess reliance on phenotype-based triatomine-bug taxonomy, and confirm the Triatominae as an informative model system for the study of phenotypic change under ecological pressure. ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-021-04647-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Abad-Franch
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil. .,Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Fernando A Monteiro
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Sistemática Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, USA.
| | - Márcio G Pavan
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - James S Patterson
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - M Dolores Bargues
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Zuriaga
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marcelo Aguilar
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.,Instituto Juan César García, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Charles B Beard
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, USA
| | - Santiago Mas-Coma
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Michael A Miles
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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6
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Calderón JM, Erazo D, Kieran TJ, Gottdenker NL, León C, Cordovez J, Guhl F, Glenn TC, González C. How microclimatic variables and blood meal sources influence Rhodnius prolixus abundance and Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Attalea butyracea and Elaeis guineensis palms? Acta Trop 2020; 212:105674. [PMID: 32827453 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease is a zoonosis that affects several million people and is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which is mainly transmitted through the feces of triatomine bugs. Within triatomines, several Rhodnius species have been found inhabiting palms, and certain factors such as palm species and location have been related to the abundance and T. cruzi infection of those insects in palms. In this study, the main goal was to determine if R. prolixus abundances and infection rates in Attalea butyracea and Elaeis guineensis palms are related to ecological factors such as palm species, crown microclimate, and available blood meal sources. Triatomine sampling was performed in two municipalities of Casanare, Colombia, specifically in the intersection of riparian forests and oil palm plantations. For R. prolixus abundance per palm, the predictors showing more relationship were palm species and blood meal species identified in the palm, and for T. cruzi infection per triatomine, they were palm species and nymphal stage. Palm microclimate was very similar in both palm species and did not show a relationship with triatomine abundance. Comparing palm species, A. butyracea showed more blood meal species, including more refractory host species, than E. guineensis, but lower T. cruzi infection rate and parasitaemia. Interestingly, non-arboreal blood meal species were frequently found in the analyzed nymphs, indicating that the blood source for R. prolixus in palms corresponded to all the fauna located in the surrounded landscape and not only in the palm. These results could expose a new ecological scenario to interpret the T. cruzi transmission in sylvatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan M Calderón
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C. 111711, Colombia.
| | - Diana Erazo
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología Matemática y Computacional (BIOMAC), Departamento de Ingeniería Biomédica, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá D.C. 111711, Colombia
| | - Troy J Kieran
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Nicole L Gottdenker
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Cielo León
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C. 111711, Colombia
| | - Juan Cordovez
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología Matemática y Computacional (BIOMAC), Departamento de Ingeniería Biomédica, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá D.C. 111711, Colombia
| | - Felipe Guhl
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C. 111711, Colombia
| | - Travis C Glenn
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Camila González
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C. 111711, Colombia
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Kieran TJ, Bayona-Vásquez NJ, Varian CP, Saldaña A, Samudio F, Calzada JE, Gottdenker NL, Glenn TC. Population genetics of two chromatic morphs of the Chagas disease vector Rhodnius pallescens Barber, 1932 in Panamá. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 84:104369. [PMID: 32442632 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Rhodnius pallescens is the principal vector of Chagas disease in Panama. Recently a dark chromatic morph has been discovered in the highlands of Veraguas Province. Limited genetic studies have been conducted with regards to the population structure and dispersal potential of Triatominae vectors, particularly in R. pallescens. Next generation sequencing methods such as RADseq and complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome sequencing have great potential for examining vector biology across space and time. Here we utilize a RADseq method (3RAD), along with complete mtDNA sequencing, to examine the population structure of the two chromatic morpho types of R. pallescens in Panama. We sequenced 105 R. pallescens samples from five localities in Panama. We generated a 2216 SNP dataset and 6 complete mtDNA genomes. RADseq showed significant differentiation among the five localities (FCT = 0.695; P = .004), but most of this was between localities with the dark vs. light chromatic morphs (Veraguas vs. Panama Oeste). The mtDNA genomes showed a 97-98% similarity between dark and light chromatic morphs across all genes and a 502 bp insert in light morphs. Thus, both the RADseq and mtDNA data showed highly differentiated clades with essentially no gene flow between the dark and light chromatic morphs from Veraguas and central Panama respectively. We discuss the growing evidence showing clear distinctions between these two morpho types with the possibility that these are separate species, an area of research that requires further investigation. Finally, we discuss the cost-effectiveness of 3RAD which is a third of the cost compared to other RADseq methods used recently in Chagas disease vector research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy J Kieran
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Natalia J Bayona-Vásquez
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Institute of Bioinformatics, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Christina P Varian
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Azael Saldaña
- Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama City, Panama; Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Parasitarias (CIDEP), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panamá, Panama
| | - Franklyn Samudio
- Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama City, Panama
| | - Jose E Calzada
- Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama City, Panama
| | - Nicole L Gottdenker
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Odum School of Ecology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Travis C Glenn
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Institute of Bioinformatics, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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8
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Calderón JM, González C. Co-occurrence or dependence? Using spatial analyses to explore the interaction between palms and Rhodnius triatomines. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:211. [PMID: 32321545 PMCID: PMC7178562 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triatomine bugs are responsible for the vectorial transmission of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease, a zoonosis affecting 10 million people and with 25 million at risk of infection. Triatomines are associated with particular habitats that offer shelter and food. Several triatomine species of the genus Rhodnius have a close association with palm crowns, where bugs can obtain microclimatic stability and blood from the associated fauna. The Rhodnius-palm interaction has been reported in several places of Central and South America. However, the association in the distributions of Rhodnius species and palms has not been explicitly determined. Methods Niches of Rhodnius and palm species with reports of Rhodnius spp. infestation were estimated by minimum volume ellipsoids and compared in the environmental and the geographical space to identify niche similarity. Rhodnius spp. niche models were run with the palm distributions as environmental variables to determine if palm presence could be considered a predictor of Rhodnius spp. distributions, improving model performance. Results Niche similarity was found between all the studied Rhodnius and palm species showing variation in niche overlap among the involved species. Most of the areas with suitable conditions for Rhodnius species were also suitable to palm species, being favorable for more than one palm species in the majority of locations. Performance was similar in Rhodnius niche models with and without palm distributions. However, when palm distributions were included, their contribution to the model was high, being the most important variable in some Rhodnius spp. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first time that the distributions of Rhodnius and palm species were compared on a large scale and their spatial association explicitly studied. We found spatial association between Rhodnius and palm species can be explained because both organisms shared environmental requirements, and most of the areas with suitable conditions for Rhodnius species were also suitable to several palm species. Rhodnius presence would not be restricted to palm presence but the zones with palm presence could be more suitable for Rhodnius spp. presence. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan M Calderón
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical, (CIMPAT), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
| | - Camila González
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical, (CIMPAT), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
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de Alcântara MS, de Lucena CM, de Lucena RFP, da Cruz DD. Ethnobotany and Management of Dimorphandra gardneriana in a Protected Area of Chapada do Araripe Semiarid Ceará, Northeastern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 65:420-432. [PMID: 31960074 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-020-01253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of conservation strategies for nontimber forest products requires the characterization of the management systems and ethnoecological knowledge of the used species, as well as the analysis of the biological impacts of these processes. This study aimed to evaluate management systems and extractivist areas and related ethnoecological knowledge of Dimorphandra gardneriana (fava d'anta) in the semiarid region of Ceará, Northeast of Brazil. Fava d'anta produces fruits with high concentration of bioflavonoids, substances with various pharmacological properties, being exploited by extractivist communities in the mosaic of protected areas in Chapada do Araripe, Ceará. Ethnoecological knowledge has been concentrated on collectors who have been in activity for a longer time and/or plant the species. We identified three management systems that can impact in different ways on fava d'anta populations, depending on the area and level of human interference with the species. The extractivists respect the zoning of protected areas and do not enter in the full protection area, choosing areas with the highest tree density. The different systems produce a mosaic that creates different extraction opportunities and modifications to the local landscape and to fava d'anta populations. Factors that may have effects on the conservation of the species are the lack of supervision and overexploitation of the resource in native areas, while the factors that affect the health of extractivists are the infrastructure of the work and exposure to wild environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaelle Sônia de Alcântara
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
| | - Camilla Marques de Lucena
- Laboratório de Etnoecologia e Ciências Ambientais (LECA), Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil
| | - Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil
- Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil
| | - Denise Dias da Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil
- Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil
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10
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Bernardo-Pedro T, Sousa DMD, Freitas SPCD, Freitas ALCD, Santos-Mallet JRD, Tassinari WDS. Triatomine dispersion rates and their association with socioeconomic and environmental conditions in Northeastern Brazil, from 2009 to 2013. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2019; 61:e47. [PMID: 31531625 PMCID: PMC6746200 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201961047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Triatomines are vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi , the etiological agent of Chagas disease, which affects between 6 and 12 million people in Latin America, with an incidence rate of 12 thousand cases per year. In the Ceara State, the predominance of the caatinga biome, coupled with a large rural area with precarious human habitations, provides several s shelters for these insects. In this study, we determined the spatiotemporal distribution of triatomine dispersion rates in the Cariri region, Southern Ceara and ascertained the possible association between these rates with socioeconomic and environmental factors. Dispersion rates (number of positive localities/number of searched localities × 100) were analyzed regarding 13 municipalities from the Ceara State, from 2009 to 2013. Socioeconomic and environmental variables collected from national research institutes were associated with the dispersion rates and their local empirical Bayesian estimates. All the municipalities recorded dispersion rates over 10% in all years, and 11 municipalities had average rates over 40% for the period of study. Significant differences were observed among the municipality means. The highest rates were observed in Antonina do Norte and Potengi. According to the correlation analysis, the proportion between the occupied population and the total population showed a significant negative correlation, as well as the percentage of the population who lives under adequate sanitary conditions. Both, the percentage of revenues from external sources and the percentage of urban households in reforested blocks had a significant positive correlation. Our results show that socioeconomic and environmental variables can be factors that contribute to both, the maintenance and the reduction of the elevated dispersion rates observed in the study area. Similar researches that encompass more municipalities from that region may reinforce Chagas disease surveillance and control in the Northeast of Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Bernardo-Pedro
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Veterinária, Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Danielle Misael de Sousa
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Simone Patrícia Carneiro de Freitas
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Jacenir Reis Dos Santos-Mallet
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wagner de Souza Tassinari
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Veterinária, Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Matemática, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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11
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Activity and shelter-related behavior in Rhodnius prolixus: The role of host odours. Acta Trop 2019; 196:150-154. [PMID: 31116968 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Triatomine bugs are considered nocturnal insects that feed on the blood of vertebrates and remain hidden inside narrow shelters during daylight hours. Nevertheless, it is not clear whether these insects become active and leave their shelters on a daily basis, less frequently or, even fortnightly. Activity patterns were studied in Rhodnius prolixus Stål, 1859 (Hemiptera: Triatominae) associated with shelters to evaluate whether the decision to leave a shelter depends on bug starvation and the presence of host odours. Experiments were conducted with groups of 5th instar nymphs released in an experimental arena offering an artificial shelter consisting of a piece of corrugated cardboard positioned in its centre. Results indicate that host odours promoted a significant increase in shelter related activity, i.e. shelter-leaving or entering movements, and also in bug locomotion. This increase could only be observed with bugs starved for 30 or 60 days, but not for 21 days. Most R. prolixus nymphs that left shelters and engaged in locomotory activity were starved and in the presence of host odours. Even though R. prolixus is mostly considered a very active and "aggressive" triatomine, our results contradict this perspective and suggest that its main strategy regarding hosts is to wait and carefully evaluate feeding chances before becoming exposed. This behavioural strategy might have arisen through their evolution in palm trees in association with a diverse fauna that may impose predation risks.
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12
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Peretolchina T, Pavan MG, Corrêa-Antônio J, Gurgel-Gonçalves R, Lima MM, Monteiro FA. Phylogeography and demographic history of the Chagas disease vector Rhodnius nasutus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in the Brazilian Caatinga biome. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006731. [PMID: 30248092 PMCID: PMC6195287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhodnius nasutus, a vector of the etiological agent Trypanosoma cruzi, is one of the epidemiologically most relevant triatomine species of the Brazilian Caatinga, where it often colonizes rural peridomestic structures such as chicken coops and occasionally invades houses. Historical colonization and determination of its genetic diversity and population structure may provide new information towards the improvement of vector control in the region. In this paper we present thoughtful analyses considering the phylogeography and demographic history of R. nasutus in the Caatinga. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A total of 157 R. nasutus specimens were collected from Copernicia prunifera palm trees in eight geographic localities within the Brazilian Caatinga biome, sequenced for 595-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (cyt b) and genotyped for eight microsatellite loci. Sixteen haplotypes were detected in the cyt b sequences, two of which were shared among different localities. Molecular diversity indices exhibited low diversity levels and a haplotype network revealed low divergence among R. nasutus sequences, with two central haplotypes shared by five of the eight populations analyzed. The demographic model that better represented R. nasutus population dynamics was the exponential growth model. Results of the microsatellite data analyses indicated that the entire population is comprised of four highly differentiated groups, with no obvious contemporary geographic barriers that could explain the population substructure detected. A complex pattern of migration was observed, in which a western Caatinga population seems to be the source of emigrants to the eastern populations. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE R. nasutus that inhabit C. prunifera palms do not comprise a species complex. The species went through a population expansion at 12-10 ka, during the Holocene, which coincides with end of the largest dry season in South America. It colonized the Caatinga in a process that occurred from west to east in the region. R. nasutus is presently facing an important ecological impact caused by the continuous deforestation of C. prunifera palms in northeast Brazil. We hypothesize that this ecological disturbance might contribute to an increase in the events of invasion and colonization of human habitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Peretolchina
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Sistemática Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Systematics, Limnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Márcio G. Pavan
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Sistemática Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jessica Corrêa-Antônio
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Sistemática Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Marli M. Lima
- Laboratório de Ecoepidemiologia da doença de Chagas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernando A. Monteiro
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Sistemática Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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13
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Saldaña A, Santamaría AM, Pineda V, Vásquez V, Gottdenker NL, Calzada JE. A darker chromatic variation of Rhodnius pallescens infected by specific genetic groups of Trypanosoma rangeli and Trypanosoma cruzi from Panama. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:423. [PMID: 30012203 PMCID: PMC6048724 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhodnius pallescens, the only species of this genus reported in Panama, has a wide geographical distribution and is associated with most cases of Chagas disease and human infections with Trypanosoma rangeli in this country. Thus far, no phenotypic variants of this triatomine have been registered. Similarly, genotyping of the trypanosomes that infect this vector has only been partially evaluated. RESULTS A total of 347 specimens of R. pallescens were collected in Attalea butyracea palm trees located near a mountainous community of the district of Santa Fe, province of Veraguas. Bugs were slightly longer and had a darker coloration compared to that reported for this species. Infection rates for trypanosomes performed with three PCR analyses showed that 41.3% of the adult triatomines were positive for T. cruzi, 52.4% were positive for T. rangeli and 28.6% had mixed T. cruzi/T. rangeli infections. Based on cox2 analysis, TcI was the single T. cruzi discrete typing unit (DTU) detected, and a genetic variant of KP1(-)/lineage C was the only genetic group found for T. rangeli. CONCLUSIONS A darker chromatic variation of R. pallescens predominates in a mountainous region of Panama. These triatomines show high trypanosome infection rates, especially with T. rangeli. Regarding T. rangeli genetic diversity, complementary studies using other molecular markers are necessary to better define its phylogenetic position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azael Saldaña
- Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá.,Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Parasitarias (CIDEP), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panamá, Ciudad de Panama, Panamá
| | - Ana María Santamaría
- Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá
| | - Vanessa Pineda
- Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá
| | - Vanessa Vásquez
- Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá
| | - Nicole L Gottdenker
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia, 30602, USA
| | - José E Calzada
- Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá.
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14
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Fidalgo ASODBV, Costa ACD, Silva Filho JDD, Cândido DDS, Freitas EC, Pereira LDS, Andrade MCD, Gomes KCMS, Bezerra CM, Oliveira MDF. Insect vectors of Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi) in Northeastern Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2018; 51:174-182. [DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0408-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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15
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Kieran TJ, Gottdenker NL, Varian CP, Saldaña A, Means N, Owens D, Calzada JE, Glenn TC. Blood Meal Source Characterization Using Illumina Sequencing in the Chagas Disease Vector Rhodnius pallescens (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in Panamá. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 54:1786-1789. [PMID: 29029145 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Accurate blood meal identification is critical to understand hematophagous vector-host relationships. This study describes a customizable Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) approach to identify blood meals from Rhodnius pallescens (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) triatomines using multiple barcoded primers and existing software to pick operational taxonomic units and match sequences for blood meal identification. We precisely identified all positive control samples using this method and further examined 74 wild-caught R. pallescens samples. With this novel blood meal identification method, we detected 13 vertebrate species in the blood meals, as well as single and multiple blood meals in individual bugs. Our results demonstrate the reliability and descriptive uses of our method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy J Kieran
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Nicole L Gottdenker
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Christina P Varian
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Azael Saldaña
- Department of Parasitology, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panamá
| | - Nicolas Means
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Darlisha Owens
- Department of Biology, Grambling State University, Grambling, LA
| | - Jose E Calzada
- Department of Parasitology, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panamá
| | - Travis C Glenn
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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16
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Temperature and parasite life-history are important modulators of the outcome of Trypanosoma rangeli-Rhodnius prolixus interactions. Parasitology 2017; 143:1459-68. [PMID: 27460893 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182016001062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma rangeli is a protozoan parasite, which does not cause disease in humans, although it can produce different levels of pathogenicity to triatomines, their invertebrate hosts. We tested whether infection imposed a temperature-dependent cost on triatomine fitness using T. rangeli with different life histories. Parasites cultured only in liver infusion tryptose medium (cultured) and parasites exposed to cyclical passages through mice and triatomines (passaged) were used. We held infected insects at four temperatures between 21 and 30 °C and measured T. rangeli growth in vitro at the same temperatures in parallel. Overall, T. rangeli infection induced negative effects on insect fitness. In the case of cultured infection, parasite effects were temperature-dependent. Intermoult period, mortality rates and ecdysis success were affected in those insects exposed to lower temperatures (21 and 24 °C). For passaged-infected insects, the effects were independent of temperature, intermoult period being prolonged in all infected groups. Trypanosoma rangeli seem to be less tolerant to higher temperatures since cultured-infected insects showed a reduction in the infection rates and passaged-infected insects decreased the salivary gland infection rates in those insects submitted to 30 °C. In vitro growth of T. rangeli was consistent with these results.
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17
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Souza AC, Catalá S, Carbajal de la Fuente AL, Junqueira ACV. Phenotypic Variability of the Amazonian Species Rhodnius brethesi (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 54:909-916. [PMID: 28449112 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The wild species Rhodnius brethesi (Matta, 1919) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) is found in areas of piassabais in microregion of Rio Negro, Amazonas, Brazil. Its geographical distribution overlaps the areas of Leopoldinia piassaba palm. In areas where palm trees are found, transmission cycle of Trypanosoma cruzi is related to the extractive activity of the palm fiber, exposing workers to wild vector transmission of this parasite. The close association with the palm tree L. piassaba suggests that this wild triatomine has special features in its sensory system allowing specificity of ecotope. The objective of the study is to identify the antennal sensilla phenotype and morphologically characterize the size and shape of the wings of wild R. brethesi, and to compare with the phenotype present in individuals reared in the laboratory. From the samples taken in the field, the presence of the species R. brethesi was found on both banks of the Rio Negro. The techniques used to verify the morphological patterns are important resources for observations of the triatomine populations, be they in an artificial or natural habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Souza
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz / Fiocruz - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - S Catalá
- Reference Laboratory for Sensory Patterns - CRILAR, Argentina
| | - A L Carbajal de la Fuente
- Laboratory of Eco-Epidemiology, IEGEBA - CONICET, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A C V Junqueira
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz / Fiocruz - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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18
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Silveira EADA, Ribeiro IS, Amorim MS, Rocha DV, Coutinho HS, Freitas LMDE, Tomazi L, Silva RAADA. Correlation between infection rate of triatominies and Chagas Disease in Southwest of Bahia, Brazil: a warning sign? AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2016; 88:1941-1951. [PMID: 27411071 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201620150744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease, caused by the Trypanosoma cruzi, has a wide distribution in South America, and its main method of control is the elimination of triatomines. It is presented here the geographic distribution and the rate of natural infection by T. cruzi of triatomines collected and evaluated from 2008 to 2013 in southwest of Bahia. Triatomines were captured in the intradomiciliary and peridomiciliary areas of five cities located in the southwest of Bahia state, identified, and analyzed for the presence of trypanosomatids in their feces. During the study period the number of patients suspected for acute Chagas disease was recovered from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). 8966 triatomines were captured and identified as belonging to eight species. Twenty-six presented themselves infected, being Triatoma sordida the most abundant and with the highest percentage of infection by T. cruzi. Tremedal was the city with the highest number of cases of acute Chagas' disease reported to SINAN. All cities showed triatomines infected with T. cruzi, so there is considerable risk of vectorial transmission of Chagas disease in the southwestern Bahia state, evidencing the need for vector transmission control programs and preventive surveillance measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliezer A DA Silveira
- Controle de Doenças Endêmicas, Vigilância Epidemiológica, 20ª Diretoria Regional de Saúde, Secretaria de Saúde do Estado da Bahia, Rua João Pereira, s/n, São Vicente, 45000-115 Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
| | - Israel S Ribeiro
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Campus Anísio Teixeira, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094 Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
| | - Miguel S Amorim
- Controle de Doenças Endêmicas, Vigilância Epidemiológica, 20ª Diretoria Regional de Saúde, Secretaria de Saúde do Estado da Bahia, Rua João Pereira, s/n, São Vicente, 45000-115 Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
| | - Dalva V Rocha
- Controle de Doenças Endêmicas, Vigilância Epidemiológica, 20ª Diretoria Regional de Saúde, Secretaria de Saúde do Estado da Bahia, Rua João Pereira, s/n, São Vicente, 45000-115 Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
| | - Helder S Coutinho
- Programa de Controle da Doença de Chagas, Vigilância Epidemiológica, Secretaria de Saúde do Estado da Bahia, Avenida ACM, s/n, Iguatemi, 41820.300 Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Leandro M DE Freitas
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Campus Anísio Teixeira, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094 Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
| | - Laize Tomazi
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Campus Anísio Teixeira, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094 Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
| | - Robson A A DA Silva
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Campus Anísio Teixeira, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094 Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
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19
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Peterson JK, Graham AL. What is the 'true' effect of Trypanosoma rangeli on its triatomine bug vector? JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2016; 41:27-33. [PMID: 27232121 DOI: 10.1111/jvec.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The phrase, "T. rangeli is pathogenic to its insect vector," is commonly found in peer-reviewed publications on the matter, such that it has become the orthodox view of this interaction. In a literature survey, we identified over 20 papers with almost the exact phrase and several others alluding to it. The idea is of particular importance in triatomine population dynamics and the study of vector-borne T. cruzi transmission, as it could mean that triatomines infected with T. rangeli have lower fitness than uninfected insects. Trypanosoma rangeli pathogenicity was first observed in a series of studies carried out over fifty years ago using the triatomine species Rhodnius prolixus. However, there are few studies of the effect of T. rangeli on its other vector species, and several of the studies were carried out with R. prolixus under non-physiological conditions. Here, we re-evaluate the published studies that led to the conclusion that T. rangeli is pathogenic to its vector, to determine whether or not this indeed is the "true" effect of T. rangeli on its triatomine vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K Peterson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, U.S.A..
| | - Andrea L Graham
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, U.S.A
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20
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Galvão C, Justi SA. An overview on the ecology of Triatominae (Hemiptera:Reduviidae). Acta Trop 2015; 151:116-25. [PMID: 26086951 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease, the American trypanosomiasis, is an important neglected tropical illness caused by the flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae) and transmitted by insects of the subfamily Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Here we provide an overview on the current knowledge about Triatominae ecology, its association with human, T. cruzi infection and the immediate consequences of habitat fragmentation. We also discuss the geographic distribution of the species and the importance of predicting their distributions to control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleber Galvão
- Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil.
| | - Silvia A Justi
- Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia Evolutiva Teórica e Aplicada, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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21
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Abad-Franch F, Lima MM, Sarquis O, Gurgel-Gonçalves R, Sánchez-Martín M, Calzada J, Saldaña A, Monteiro FA, Palomeque FS, Santos WS, Angulo VM, Esteban L, Dias FBS, Diotaiuti L, Bar ME, Gottdenker NL. On palms, bugs, and Chagas disease in the Americas. Acta Trop 2015. [PMID: 26196330 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Palms are ubiquitous across Neotropical landscapes, from pristine forests or savannahs to large cities. Although palms provide useful ecosystem services, they also offer suitable habitat for triatomines and for Trypanosoma cruzi mammalian hosts. Wild triatomines often invade houses by flying from nearby palms, potentially leading to new cases of human Chagas disease. Understanding and predicting triatomine-palm associations and palm infestation probabilities is important for enhancing Chagas disease prevention in areas where palm-associated vectors transmit T. cruzi. We present a comprehensive overview of palm infestation by triatomines in the Americas, combining a thorough reanalysis of our published and unpublished records with an in-depth review of the literature. We use site-occupancy modeling (SOM) to examine infestation in 3590 palms sampled with non-destructive methods, and standard statistics to describe and compare infestation in 2940 palms sampled by felling-and-dissection. Thirty-eight palm species (18 genera) have been reported to be infested by ∼39 triatomine species (10 genera) from the USA to Argentina. Overall infestation varied from 49.1-55.3% (SOM) to 62.6-66.1% (dissection), with important heterogeneities among sub-regions and particularly among palm species. Large palms with complex crowns (e.g., Attalea butyracea, Acrocomia aculeata) and some medium-crowned palms (e.g., Copernicia, Butia) are often infested; in slender, small-crowned palms (e.g., Euterpe) triatomines associate with vertebrate nests. Palm infestation tends to be higher in rural settings, but urban palms can also be infested. Most Rhodnius species are probably true palm specialists, whereas Psammolestes, Eratyrus, Cavernicola, Panstrongylus, Triatoma, Alberprosenia, and some Bolboderini seem to use palms opportunistically. Palms provide extensive habitat for enzootic T. cruzi cycles and a critical link between wild cycles and transmission to humans. Unless effective means to reduce contact between people and palm-living triatomines are devised, palms will contribute to maintaining long-term and widespread, albeit possibly low-intensity, transmission of human Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Abad-Franch
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane - Fiocruz, Rua Teresina 476, Manaus 69057-070, Amazonas, Brazil; Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou - Fiocruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Marli M Lima
- Laboratório de Ecoepidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Otília Sarquis
- Laboratório de Ecoepidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Asa Norte, Brasília 70904-970, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - María Sánchez-Martín
- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona - ISGlobal, c/ Rosselló 132, 5° 2ª, 08036 Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - José Calzada
- Insituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Av. Justo Arosemena y Calle 32, Panamá 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Azael Saldaña
- Insituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Av. Justo Arosemena y Calle 32, Panamá 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Fernando A Monteiro
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Sistemática Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Francisco S Palomeque
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30329-4027, USA
| | - Walter S Santos
- Laboratório de Doença de Chagas, Seção de Parasitologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas - SVS/MS, Rodovia BR 316 km 7 s/n, 67030-000 Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Victor M Angulo
- Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales - CINTROP, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Calle 9 no. 27, Piedecuesta 680002, Santander, Colombia
| | - Lyda Esteban
- Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales - CINTROP, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Calle 9 no. 27, Piedecuesta 680002, Santander, Colombia
| | - Fernando B S Dias
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou - Fiocruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou - Fiocruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - María Esther Bar
- Laboratorio de Artrópodos, Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Av. Libertad 5470, CP 3400 Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Nicole L Gottdenker
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Ferreira LDL, Pereira MH, Guarneri AA. Revisiting Trypanosoma rangeli Transmission Involving Susceptible and Non-Susceptible Hosts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140575. [PMID: 26469403 PMCID: PMC4607475 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma rangeli infects several triatomine and mammal species in South America. Its transmission is known to occur when a healthy insect feeds on an infected mammal or when an infected insect bites a healthy mammal. In the present study we evaluated the classic way of T. rangeli transmission started by the bite of a single infected triatomine, as well as alternative ways of circulation of this parasite among invertebrate hosts. The number of metacyclic trypomastigotes eliminated from salivary glands during a blood meal was quantified for unfed and recently fed nymphs. The quantification showed that ~50,000 parasites can be liberated during a single blood meal. The transmission of T. rangeli from mice to R. prolixus was evaluated using infections started through the bite of a single infected nymph. The mice that served as the blood source for single infected nymphs showed a high percentage of infection and efficiently transmitted the infection to new insects. Parasites were recovered by xenodiagnosis in insects fed on mice with infections that lasted approximately four months. Hemolymphagy and co-feeding were tested to evaluate insect-insect T. rangeli transmission. T. rangeli was not transmitted during hemolymphagy. However, insects that had co-fed on mice with infected conspecifics exhibited infection rates of approximately 80%. Surprisingly, 16% of the recipient nymphs became infected when pigeons were used as hosts. Our results show that T. rangeli is efficiently transmitted between the evaluated hosts. Not only are the insect-mouse-insect transmission rates high, but parasites can also be transmitted between insects while co-feeding on a living host. We show for the first time that birds can be part of the T. rangeli transmission cycle as we proved that insect-insect transmission is feasible during a co-feeding on these hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana de Lima Ferreira
- Vector Behavior and Pathogen Interaction Group, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcos Horácio Pereira
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Aparecida Guarneri
- Vector Behavior and Pathogen Interaction Group, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Urbano P, Poveda C, Molina J. Effect of the physiognomy of Attalea butyracea (Arecoideae) on population density and age distribution of Rhodnius prolixus (Triatominae). Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:199. [PMID: 25889617 PMCID: PMC4389994 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0813-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhodnius prolixus Stål, 1859 is one of the main vectors of Trypanosoma (Schyzotrypanum) cruzi Chagas, 1909. In its natural forest environment, this triatomine is mainly found in palm tree crowns, where it easily establishes and develops dense populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the physiognomy and reproductive status of Attalea butyracea on the population relative density and age structure of R. prolixus and to determine the vector's population stratification according to the vertical and horizontal profile of an A. butyracea forest. METHODS Using live bait traps, 150 individuals of A. butyracea with different physiognomy and 40 individuals with similar physiognomy (crown size, number of leaves, palm tree height, diameter at breast height, reproductive status) were sampled for triatomines in Yopal, Casanare-Colombia. Temperature and relative humidity were measured in the crown of the palm tree. Entomological indices and natural infection rates were also determined. RESULTS The relative population density of R. prolixus on natural A. butyracea groves is associated with the palm's height, number of leaves and crown volume. The young immature stages were present mostly at the crown's base and the advanced immature stages and adults were present mostly at the crown of the palm tree. This distribution correlates with the temperature stability and relative humidity in the base and the fluctuation of both environmental variables in the palm's crown. A higher density of R. prolixus was found as the palm tree height increased and as the distance of the palm with respect to the forest border decreased, especially towards anthropically intervened areas. A density index of 12.6 individuals per palm tree with an infestation index of 88.9% and a colonization index of 98.7% was observed. 85.2% was the infection index with T. cruzi. CONCLUSION The physiognomy of palm trees affects the relative population density and the distribution of developmental stages of R. prolixus. Therefore, they constitute a risk factor for the potential migration of infected insects from wild environments towards residential environments and the subsequent epidemiological risk of transmission of T. cruzi to people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plutarco Urbano
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical - CIMPAT, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bloque A, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Cristina Poveda
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical - CIMPAT, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bloque A, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Jorge Molina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical - CIMPAT, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bloque A, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Dias FBS, Jaramillo-O N, Diotaiuti L. Description and characterization of the melanic morphotype of Rhodnius nasutus Stål, 1859 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2014; 47:637-41. [DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0007-2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Marti GA, Echeverria MG, Waleckx E, Susevich ML, Balsalobre A, Gorla DE. Triatominae in furnariid nests of the Argentine Gran Chaco. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2014; 39:66-71. [PMID: 24820557 DOI: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2014.12071.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Triatomines (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) are bloodsucking insects involved in the transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, an important public health problem in Latin America. The triatomine species found in sylvatic habitats generally play a limited epidemiological role compared to domestic species, but they may act as a reinfestation source of dwellings after insecticide spraying and have to be carefully considered in control strategies of Chagas disease transmission. The objectives of this work were to carry out a survey of the sylvatic triatomine species colonizing Furnariidae nests in a typical area of the Chaco region of Argentina during the winter and to study the parasites and natural enemies associated with the collected triatomines. Sixty-three triatomine specimens were collected from Furnariidae nests (Coryphistera alaudina and Phacellodomus sibilatrix) randomly selected within the study area. Fifty-four were identified as Psammolestes coreodes, seven as Triatoma platensis, and two as Triatoma infestans. Specimens of T. infestans and T. platensis were found in one nest. The first finding of instar nymphs of T. infestans x T. platensis in a sylvatic habitat is reported. For the first time, sylvatic collected specimens of T. platensis were found infected by T. cruzi. Triatoma virus was found in one Ps. coreodes specimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Marti
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET - UNLP) 2 # 584, 1900 La Plata, Argentina; Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencias Tecnológicas (CRILAR - CONICET), La Rioja, Argentina.
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26
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Dias FBS, Quartier M, Diotaiuti L, Mejía G, Harry M, Lima ACL, Davidson R, Mertens F, Lucotte M, Romaña CA. Ecology of Rhodnius robustus Larrousse, 1927 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) in Attalea palm trees of the Tapajós River Region (Pará State, Brazilian Amazon). Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:154. [PMID: 24690302 PMCID: PMC3974420 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rising number of acute cases of Chagas disease in the State of Pará, reported in the past two decades, has been associated, in part, with the ingestion of juice of local palm tree fruits, mainly açaí berry and bacaba. Near the study area, in Santarém, Pará State, an outbreak of Chagas disease has been notified and investigations suggest the consumption of bacaba juice as the main source of infection with T. cruzi. The purpose of this study is to assess the aspects associated to the ecology of Rhodnius robustus in palm trees of three communities of the Tapajós region, in the State of Pará, Brazil. METHODS Palm trees were cut down and dissected to search for triatomines. DNA from triatomines was extracted to investigate natural infection by Trypanosoma cruzi and T. rangeli. For statistical analyzes, data from infestation of palm trees, as well as the rates of natural infection by T. cruzi and T. rangeli were compared by Chi-square test. Triatomine density values were analyzed by the nonparametric Kruskal Wallis test and then comparisons between each pair of variables were made by the Mann-Whitney test assuming a confidence interval of 95%. RESULTS We dissected 136 palm trees, 60 at the end of the rainy period and 76 at the end of the dry period. Seventy-three of them (53.7%) were infested with triatomines and three species were found, namely: Rhodnius robustus, Rhodnius pictipes and Panstrongylus lignarius. We collected 743 triatomines, and R. robustus was predominant (n = 739). The identification of natural infection of the insects by trypanosomatids revealed that 125 triatomines were infected by T. cruzi, 69 by T. rangeli and 14 presented both parasites, indicating the presence of mixed infection in the same vector. CONCLUSION The results suggest that São Tomé is the community with greater density of triatomines and infestation of palm trees; also, it demonstrates the existence of an intense sylvatic cycle in the region, which demands intensive surveillance to prevent human transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Braga Stehling Dias
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Av Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP 30190-002, Brazil
- LEGS, Laboratoire Evolution Génome et Spéciation UPR 9034, DEEIT - Diversité, Ecologie et Evolution des Insectes Tropicaux, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, Bâtiment 13, Boîte Postale, 191198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marion Quartier
- LEGS, Laboratoire Evolution Génome et Spéciation UPR 9034, DEEIT - Diversité, Ecologie et Evolution des Insectes Tropicaux, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, Bâtiment 13, Boîte Postale, 191198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Evolution des Parasites, Institut de Biologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Rue Emile Argand 11 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Av Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP 30190-002, Brazil
| | - Guy Mejía
- Centro de Investigaciones Médicas - CIBM, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Carrera 59 No. 59-92, A.A. 50595, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Myriam Harry
- LEGS, UPR9034 CNRS-IRD-Paris Sud, Av de la Terasse, BP1, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette/Université Paris Sud, UFR de Sciences, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Anna Carolina Lustosa Lima
- Centro de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia, Rua Juramento, 1464, Unidade Antônio Mourão, 3º andar Saudade, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP 30.285-000, Brazil
| | - Robert Davidson
- GÉOTOP & Institut des Sciences de l’Environnement, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, succ. Centre-Ville, H3C 3P8 Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Biodôme de Montréal, Canada, 4777, Avenue Pierre-De Coubertin, Montréal H1V 1B3, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Mertens
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro - L3 Norte / Gleba A, Bloco C, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Marc Lucotte
- Biodôme de Montréal, Canada, 4777, Avenue Pierre-De Coubertin, Montréal H1V 1B3, Québec, Canada
| | - Christine A Romaña
- Université Paris Descartes/PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité. 19 rue de Dantzig, Paris 75015, France
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Ricardo-Silva AH, Lopes CM, Ramos LB, Marques WA, Mello CB, Duarte R, de la Fuente ALC, Toma HK, Reboredo-Oliveira L, Kikuchi SA, Baptista TF, Santos-Mallet JR, Junqueira ACV, Gonçalves TCM. Correlation between populations of Rhodnius and presence of palm trees as risk factors for the emergence of Chagas disease in Amazon region, Brazil. Acta Trop 2012; 123:217-23. [PMID: 22664419 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Among the states that comprise the legally defined Amazon region of Brazil, Pará has presented the highest occurrences of acute cases of Chagas disease over the last two decades. These cases have been attributed to consumption of fruits from native palm trees. In surveys in rural and wild areas of the municipality of Oriximiná, Pará, triatomine fauna, their main ecotopes and the infection rate due to Trypanosoma cruzi were identified using active and passive search methods: manual capture and Noireau traps, respectively. A total of 582 ecotopes were surveyed using 1496 Noireau traps. Out of 442 specimens collected, 289 were identified as Rhodnius robustus and 153 as Rhodnius pictipes. The infection rate caused by T. cruzi was 17.4%. The food sources of the triatomines were found to be birds, hemolymph, horses, and rodents. The association between R. robustus and inajá palm trees (Attalea marita), which are abundant in rural areas, was confirmed. On the other hand, R. pictipes is found in several palm tree species, such as inajá (A. marita), mucajá (Acrocomia aculeata), murumuru (Astrocaryum murumuru) and patauá (Oenocarpus bataua), and in bromeliads in wild areas. These occurrences of triatomine species in regions with or without T. cruzi infection, in the vicinity of the main settlement of the municipality, suggest that there is a need for entomological and epidemiological surveillance in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Helena Ricardo-Silva
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Leishmanioses, Setor de Entomologia Médica e Forense, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/IOC, FIOCRUZ, Brazil
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Saldaña A, Pineda V, Martinez I, Santamaria G, Santamaria AM, Miranda A, Calzada JE. A new endemic focus of Chagas disease in the northern region of Veraguas Province, Western Half Panama, Central America. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34657. [PMID: 22558095 PMCID: PMC3338824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chagas disease was originally reported in Panama in 1931. Currently, the best knowledge of this zoonosis is restricted to studies done in historically endemic regions. However, little is known about the distribution and epidemiology of Chagas disease in other rural areas of the country. METHODS AND FINDINGS A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out between May 2005 - July 2008 in four rural communities of the Santa Fe District, Veraguas Province. The study included an entomologic search to collect triatomines, bloodmeal type identification and infection rate with trypanosomes in collected vectors using a dot- blot and PCR analysis, genotyping of circulating Trypanosoma cruzi (mini-exon gene PCR analysis) and the detection of chagasic antibodies among inhabitants. The vector Rhodnius pallescens was more frequently found in La Culaca and El Pantano communities (788 specimens), where it was a sporadic household visitor. These triatomines presented darker coloration and larger sizescompared with typical specimens collected in Central Panama. Triatoma dimidiata was more common in Sabaneta de El Macho (162 specimens). In one small sub-region (El Macho), 60% of the houses were colonized by this vector. Of the examined R. pallescens, 54.7.0% (88/161) had fed on Didelphis marsupialis, and 24.6% (34/138) of T. dimidiata specimens collected inside houses were positive for human blood. R. pallescens presented an infection index with T. cruzi of 17.7% (24/136), with T. rangeli of 12.5% (17/136) and 50.7% (69/136) were mixed infections. In 117 T. dimidiata domestic specimens the infection index with T. cruzi was 21.4%. Lineage I of T. cruzi was confirmed circulating in these vectors. A T. cruzi infection seroprevalence of 2.3% (24/1,056) was found in this population. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of Chagas disease endemicity in Santa Fe District, and it should be considered a neglected public health problem in this area of Panama.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azael Saldaña
- Sección de Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama City, Panama
- Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Parasitarias (CIDEP), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panama, Panama City, Panama
| | - Vanessa Pineda
- Sección de Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama City, Panama
| | - Inri Martinez
- Centro de Salud de Santa Fe, Ministerio de Salud (MINSA), Santiago, Veraguas, Panama
| | - Giovanna Santamaria
- Hospital Dr. Luis Fabrega, Ministerio de Salud de Panamá (MINSA), Santiago, Veraguas, Panama
| | - Ana Maria Santamaria
- Sección de Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama City, Panama
| | - Aracelis Miranda
- Sección de Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama City, Panama
| | - Jose E. Calzada
- Sección de Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama City, Panama
- * E-mail:
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Gurgel-Gonçalves R, Galvão C, Costa J, Peterson AT. Geographic distribution of chagas disease vectors in Brazil based on ecological niche modeling. J Trop Med 2012; 2012:705326. [PMID: 22523500 PMCID: PMC3317230 DOI: 10.1155/2012/705326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Brazil was declared free from Chagas disease transmission by the domestic vector Triatoma infestans, human acute cases are still being registered based on transmission by native triatomine species. For a better understanding of transmission risk, the geographic distribution of Brazilian triatomines was analyzed. Sixteen out of 62 Brazilian species that both occur in >20 municipalities and present synanthropic tendencies were modeled based on their ecological niches. Panstrongylus geniculatus and P. megistus showed broad ecological ranges, but most of the species sort out by the biome in which they are distributed: Rhodnius pictipes and R. robustus in the Amazon; R. neglectus, Triatoma sordida, and T. costalimai in the Cerrado; R. nasutus, P. lutzi, T. brasiliensis, T. pseudomaculata, T. melanocephala, and T. petrocchiae in the Caatinga; T. rubrovaria in the southern pampas; T. tibiamaculata and T. vitticeps in the Atlantic Forest. Although most occurrences were recorded in open areas (Cerrado and Caatinga), our results show that all environmental conditions in the country are favorable to one or more of the species analyzed, such that almost nowhere is Chagas transmission risk negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Área de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70904-970 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Cléber Galvão
- Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jane Costa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Rabinovich JE, Kitron UD, Obed Y, Yoshioka M, Gottdenker N, Chaves LF. Ecological patterns of blood-feeding by kissing-bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2012; 106:479-94. [PMID: 21739038 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762011000400016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Host use by vectors is important in understanding the transmission of zoonotic diseases, which can affect humans, wildlife and domestic animals. Here, a synthesis of host exploitation patterns by kissing-bugs, vectors of Chagas disease, is presented. For this synthesis, an extensive literature review restricted to feeding sources analysed by precipitin tests was conducted. Modern tools from community ecology and multivariate statistics were used to determine patterns of segregation in host use. Rather than innate preferences for host species, host use by kissing-bugs is influenced by the habitats they colonise. One of the major limitations of studies on kissing-bug foraging has been the exclusive focus on the dominant vector species. We propose that expanding foraging studies to consider the community of vectors will substantially increase the understanding of Chagas disease transmission ecology. Our results indicate that host accessibility is a major factor that shapes the blood-foraging patterns of kissing-bugs. Therefore, from an applied perspective, measures that are directed at disrupting the contact between humans and kissing-bugs, such as housing improvement, are among the most desirable strategies for Chagas disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Eduardo Rabinovich
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Silva MBA, Barreto AVMS, Silva HAD, Galvão C, Rocha D, Jurberg J, Gurgel-Gonçalves R. Synanthropic triatomines (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil: geographical distribution and natural Trypanosoma infection rates between 2006 and 2007. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2012; 45:60-5. [DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822012000100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The present study shows a descriptive analysis of triatomine occurrence and its natural Trypanosoma infection rates in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, between 2006 and 2007. METHODS: Entomological data for the species, such as specimens captured in both intra and peridomiciles and natural infection index, were obtained via domiciliary capture in 147 municipalities from 11 Regional Managements of Health. The database was obtained from a sample of insects (100% infected and 20% non-infected) sent to the Central Laboratory of Pernambuco. RESULTS: A total of 18,029 triatomines were analyzed from 138 municipalities of the state. Triatoma pseudomaculata (35%), Triatoma brasiliensis (34%), and Panstrongylus lutzi (25%) were the most captured species. These species also showed a widespread geographical distribution in the state. Panstrongylus megistus, Triatoma petrocchiae, Triatoma melanocephala, Triatoma sordida, Rhodnius nasutus, Rhodnius neglectus, and Triatoma infestans showed more limited geographical distribution and lower relative abundance. The parasitological research showed that 8.8% of the triatomines were naturally infected with flagellates morphologically similar to Trypanosoma cruzi and 91.3% of them were captured inside houses in 113 municipalities. P. lutzi showed the highest rates of natural infection. CONCLUSIONS: After the control of T. infestans, synanthropic species, such as T. brasiliensis, T. pseudomaculata, and P. lutzi, maintain the risk of T. cruzi transmission to humans in the state of Pernambuco. These species are widely distributed, and infected specimens have been found inside houses. Thus, an enhanced surveillance and vector control of Chagas disease is recommended in Pernambuco.
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Gurgel-Gonçalves R, Cura C, Schijman AG, Cuba CAC. Infestation of Mauritia flexuosa palms by triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli in the Brazilian savanna. Acta Trop 2012; 121:105-11. [PMID: 22037200 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
To determine the infestation and trypanosome infection of triatomines captured in Mauritia flexuosa palm trees across its geographic distribution in the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado), we sampled 42 localities in eight states and in the Federal District, Brazil, between July 2005 and January 2010. Overall, 2154 specimens of the species Rhodnius neglectus, Psammolestes tertius, Triatoma sordida, and Microtriatoma borbai, were collected. Among the 341 palms sampled, 182 (53.3%) were infested with R. neglectus, which resulted in the capture of 1639 specimens (9.0 insects per infested palm). P. tertius occurred in 26 palms (8%), which resulted in the capture of 484 specimens (19 insects per infested palm). T. sordida (n=30) and M. borbai (n=1) occurred in only one location. From 537 R. neglectus examined, 44 were infected (8%) with Trypanosoma rangeli and/or Trypanosoma cruzi (Tc Id). M. flexuosa was previously recognized as a suitable breeding ecotope for R. neglectus in the Brazilian states of Minas Gerais, Goiás, Tocantins and the Federal District. Our results expand this distribution to other states (São Paulo, Bahia, Mato Grosso, Maranhão and Piauí), and also show that this particular palm tree harbors other triatomine species. Finally, we show that R. neglectus plays an important role in maintaining the enzootic circulation of T. cruzi and T. rangeli in the Brazilian savanna.
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Dias FBS, Paula ASD, Belisário CJ, Lorenzo MG, Bezerra CM, Harry M, Diotaiuti L. Influence of the palm tree species on the variability of Rhodnius nasutus Stål, 1859 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2011; 11:869-77. [PMID: 21335104 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gottdenker NL, Calzada JE, Saldaña A, Carroll CR. Association of anthropogenic land use change and increased abundance of the Chagas disease vector Rhodnius pallescens in a rural landscape of Panama. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011; 84:70-7. [PMID: 21212205 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic disturbance is associated with increased vector-borne infectious disease transmission in wildlife, domestic animals, and humans. The objective of this study was to evaluate how disturbance of a tropical forest landscape impacts abundance of the triatomine bug Rhodnius pallescens, a vector of Chagas disease, in the region of the Panama Canal in Panama. Rhodnius pallescens was collected (n = 1,186) from its primary habitat, the palm Attalea butyracea, in five habitat types reflecting a gradient of anthropogenic disturbance. There was a high proportion of palms infested with R. pallescens across all habitat types (range = 77.1-91.4%). Results show that disturbed habitats are associated with increased vector abundance compared with relatively undisturbed habitats. Bugs collected in disturbed sites, although in higher abundance, tended to be in poor body condition compared with bugs captured in protected forest sites. Abundance data suggests that forest remnants may be sources for R. pallescens populations within highly disturbed areas of the landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Gottdenker
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA.
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Gonçalves TCM, Freitas ALC, Freitas SPC. Surveillance of Chagas disease vectors in municipalities of the state of Ceará, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2010; 104:1159-64. [PMID: 20140377 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762009000800013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 10/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyse the dwelling infestation rates and the distribution and natural Trypanosoma cruzi infection rates, among triatomines captured in the 13 municipalities of the state of Ceará. The records relating to the capture of intradomicile and peridomicile triatomines during the Chagas disease control program of 1998-2008 were available. Among the triatomines captured and in all of the municipalities studied, Triatoma brasiliensis presented the highest incidence in intradomicile and Triatoma pseudomaculata in peridomicile and some were positive for infection by T. cruzi. We emphasise that it is important to have sustainable epidemiological surveillance in the region, since when the control measures decreased, the incidence of T. pseudomaculata in intradomicile grew.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Cristina Monte Gonçalves
- Setor de Entomologia Médica e Forense, Laboratório de Transmissores de Leishmanioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
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Abad-Franch F, Ferraz G, Campos C, Palomeque FS, Grijalva MJ, Aguilar HM, Miles MA. Modeling disease vector occurrence when detection is imperfect: infestation of Amazonian palm trees by triatomine bugs at three spatial scales. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2010; 4:e620. [PMID: 20209149 PMCID: PMC2830460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Failure to detect a disease agent or vector where it actually occurs constitutes a serious drawback in epidemiology. In the pervasive situation where no sampling technique is perfect, the explicit analytical treatment of detection failure becomes a key step in the estimation of epidemiological parameters. We illustrate this approach with a study of Attalea palm tree infestation by Rhodnius spp. (Triatominae), the most important vectors of Chagas disease (CD) in northern South America. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The probability of detecting triatomines in infested palms is estimated by repeatedly sampling each palm. This knowledge is used to derive an unbiased estimate of the biologically relevant probability of palm infestation. We combine maximum-likelihood analysis and information-theoretic model selection to test the relationships between environmental covariates and infestation of 298 Amazonian palm trees over three spatial scales: region within Amazonia, landscape, and individual palm. Palm infestation estimates are high (40-60%) across regions, and well above the observed infestation rate (24%). Detection probability is higher ( approximately 0.55 on average) in the richest-soil region than elsewhere ( approximately 0.08). Infestation estimates are similar in forest and rural areas, but lower in urban landscapes. Finally, individual palm covariates (accumulated organic matter and stem height) explain most of infestation rate variation. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Individual palm attributes appear as key drivers of infestation, suggesting that CD surveillance must incorporate local-scale knowledge and that peridomestic palm tree management might help lower transmission risk. Vector populations are probably denser in rich-soil sub-regions, where CD prevalence tends to be higher; this suggests a target for research on broad-scale risk mapping. Landscape-scale effects indicate that palm triatomine populations can endure deforestation in rural areas, but become rarer in heavily disturbed urban settings. Our methodological approach has wide application in infectious disease research; by improving eco-epidemiological parameter estimation, it can also significantly strengthen vector surveillance-control strategies.
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Batista TA, Gurgel-Gonçalves R. Ecological niche modelling and differentiation between Rhodnius neglectus Lent, 1954 and Rhodnius nasutus Stål, 1859 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) in Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2009; 104:1165-70. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762009000800014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
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Ferreira FS, Brito SV, Ribeiro SC, Almeida WO, Alves RRN. Zootherapeutics utilized by residents of the community Poço Dantas, Crato-CE, Brazil. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2009; 5:21. [PMID: 19656376 PMCID: PMC2731045 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4269-5-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2009] [Accepted: 08/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animals have been used as a source of medicine in Brazil since ancient times, and have played a significant role in healing practices. Specifically in Northeast Brazil, zootherapy is a very common practice, and together with medicinal plants, it plays an important role as a therapeutic alternative. In the state of Ceara, no works have been carried out on rural communities with regard to use of zootherapeutics, even though the practice of zootherapy is common in this region. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the use of medicinal animals in a rural community (Poco Dantas) in the municipality of Crato, Ceara, Brazil. METHODS The field survey was carried out from October 2008 to January 2009 by conducting interviews using structured questionnaires with 72 people (33 men and 39 women), who provided information on animal species used as remedies, body parts used to prepare the remedies, and ailments for which the remedies were prescribed. We calculated the informant consensus factor (ICF) to determine the consensus over which species are effective for particular ailments, as well as the species use value (UV) to determine the extent of utilization of each species. RESULTS A total of 29 species, distributed in 17 families were categorized as having some medicinal property. The taxa most represented were: mammals (9), insects (7), reptiles and birds (4). Progne chalybea, a species not previously recorded as being of medicinal use, was cited in the present work, where it is utilized in the treatment of alcoholism. The animals are used in the treatment of 34 diseases or symptoms, where sore throat, inflammations and cough are the ailments with the greatest number of citations. CONCLUSION The data show that zootherapy represents an important therapeutic alternative for the inhabitants of the community. New studies on medicinal fauna should be conducted with the aim of determining the exploitation level of the species utilized, promoting sustainable development of medicinal species that are eventually threatened, and preserving and disseminating the knowledge developed by traditional individuals of the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe S Ferreira
- Universidade Regional do Cariri, Departamento de Química Biológica, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Samuel V Brito
- Universidade Regional do Cariri, Departamento de Química Biológica, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Samuel C Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal do Pernambuco, Departamento de Zoologia, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Waltécio O Almeida
- Universidade Regional do Cariri, Departamento de Química Biológica, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Rômulo RN Alves
- Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Departamento de Biologia, 58109-753, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
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Abad-Franch F, Monteiro FA, Jaramillo O. N, Gurgel-Gonçalves R, Dias FBS, Diotaiuti L. Ecology, evolution, and the long-term surveillance of vector-borne Chagas disease: A multi-scale appraisal of the tribe Rhodniini (Triatominae). Acta Trop 2009; 110:159-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2008] [Revised: 05/07/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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