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ElFeky DS, Awad AR, Shamseldeen AM, Mowafy HL, Hosny SA. Comparing the therapeutic potentials of Lactobacillus johnsonii vs. Lactobacillus acidophilus against vulvovaginal candidiasis in female rats: an in vivo study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1222503. [PMID: 37529322 PMCID: PMC10388188 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1222503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a highly prevalent illness affecting women globally. Lactobacilli, which make up the majority of healthy vaginal microbiota (VMB), serve as a powerful barrier against infections. Probiotic therapy has been recommended for the treatment or prevention of VVC. Aim of work To compare the in vivo therapeutic effects of Lactobacillus johnsonii (B-2178) vs. Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA-5®) on VVC in a rat model, particularly highlighting the immune response of the host vaginal epithelium. Methods In total, 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups; Group 1: no intervention, Group 2: ovariectomy group, while animals in Groups 3-5 were subjected to ovariectomy and an intravaginal inoculation of Candida albicans (C. albicans) to establish VVC. The animals in Groups 4 and 5 received intravaginal lactobacilli treatment with L. acidophilus (LA-5®) and L. johnsonii (B-2178) strains, respectively, for 7 days. C. albicans load was measured in a vaginal lavage 1, 3, and 7 days after the stoppage of the treatment. Histological, morphometric, and immunohistochemical studies of the vaginal tissues were done. IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17 were measured in the vaginal tissue. Results Both L. johnsonii and L. acidophilus significantly reduced C. albicans vaginal load (250 ± 77.46 and 133.33 ± 40.82 CFU/mL) compared to the count before treatment in both groups (4,850 ± 1419.51 and 4966.67 ± 852.45 CFU/mL) even after 7 days of stoppage of lactobacilli treatment. A statistically significant reduction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-17 and IFN-γ was reported in both treated groups compared to the infected untreated group. L. johnsonii has a significant effect on the reduction of hyphae formation of C. albicans as well as the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) immunostaining density of vaginal tissue compared to L. acidophilus. Moreover, treatment with L. johnsonii significantly minimized the epithelium damage triggered by C. albicans infection and restored normal vaginal architecture as evidenced by the histologic and morphometric studies when compared to L. acidophilus. Conclusion Through maintaining an immune tolerant state in the vaginal epithelium and ameliorating the undesirable uncontrolled inflammatory response in the vaginal tissue, L. johnsonii (B-2178) has the potential to be utilized alone or in combination with other lactobacilli species in probiotic clinical trials to treat or prevent VVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Saad ElFeky
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alaa Reda Awad
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Mohammed Shamseldeen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hagar Lotfy Mowafy
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sara Adel Hosny
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Li Y, Jiang Y, Lessing DJ, Chu W. Exploring of probiotic potential vaginal Lactobacillus isolates from healthy women against Gardnerella vaginalis and Caenorhabditis elegans model testing. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:1392-1401. [PMID: 35633296 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Lactobacillus species are the dominant microorganisms in the vaginal microbiota of healthy women and play an important role in the defense against pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate probiotic potential of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain P1 isolated from healthy woman's vaginal discharge for its further utilization as a promising candidate strain in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis caused by Gardnerella vaginalis. METHODS AND RESULTS Ten lactobacilli strains from a woman's vaginal discharge were evaluated for their probiotic potential, including growth capacity at different pH levels (pH3.5~4.5), acid production, hydrogen peroxide production capacity, antibacterial activity, susceptibility to antibiotics. Moreover In vitro safety assay hemolytic activity and mutagenicity were investigated for safety assessment. In vivo Caenorhabditis elegans infection model was used to investigate the anti-infection effect of selected isolates. We found that lactobacilli strain P1 showed strong growth ability in low acid environment, produced acid, hydrogen peroxide, had the strongest antibacterial activity against G. vaginalis and was highly susceptible to the tested antibiotics. When assayed for the safety, strain P1 showed no hemolytic activity and had no effect of mutagenicity. Moreover, P1 significantly increased the lifespan of C. elegans against G. vaginalis infection. Combined with the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, morphological and physiological characteristic, the strain was identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. CONCLUSION Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain P1 proves to be a promising candidate strain in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis caused by G. vaginalis. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Conventional antibiotic therapy for bacterial vaginosis has led to the accelerated process of bacterial drug resistance. Probiotics are potentially an alternative method for bacterial vaginosis therapy. This finding provides bacterial resources for keeping pathogens away from the vagina. We believe L. plantarum P1 may be used as vaginal probiotics and be useful to prevent or treat bacterial vaginitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Animal, Plant and Food Inspection Center of Nanjing Customs, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Duncan James Lessing
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Weihua Chu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Vazquez-Munoz R, Thompson A, Russell JT, Sobue T, Zhou Y, Dongari-Bagtzoglou A. Insights From the Lactobacillus johnsonii Genome Suggest the Production of Metabolites With Antibiofilm Activity Against the Pathobiont Candida albicans. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:853762. [PMID: 35330775 PMCID: PMC8940163 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.853762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus johnsonii is a probiotic bacterial species with broad antimicrobial properties; however, its antimicrobial activities against the pathobiont Candida albicans are underexplored. The aim of this study was to study the interactions of L. johnsonii with C. albicans and explore mechanisms of bacterial anti-fungal activities based on bacterial genomic characterization coupled with experimental data. We isolated an L. johnsonii strain (MT4) from the oral cavity of mice and characterized its effect on C. albicans growth in the planktonic and biofilm states. We also identified key genetic and phenotypic traits that may be associated with a growth inhibitory activity exhibited against C. albicans. We found that L. johnsonii MT4 displays pH-dependent and pH-independent antagonistic interactions against C. albicans, resulting in inhibition of C. albicans planktonic growth and biofilm formation. This antagonism is influenced by nutrient availability and the production of soluble metabolites with anticandidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Vazquez-Munoz
- Department of Periodontology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Angela Thompson
- Department of Periodontology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Jordan T Russell
- Department of Psychiatry/Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Takanori Sobue
- Department of Periodontology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Yanjiao Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry/Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Anna Dongari-Bagtzoglou
- Department of Periodontology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
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Duraisamy S, Husain F, Balakrishnan S, Sathyan A, Subramani P, Chidambaram P, Arokiyaraj S, Al-Qahtani WH, Rajabathar J, Kumarasamy A. Phenotypic Assessment of Probiotic and Bacteriocinogenic Efficacy of Indigenous LAB Strains from Human Breast Milk. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:731-749. [PMID: 35723336 PMCID: PMC8929004 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44020051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast milk is the combination of bioactive compounds and microflora that promote newborn’s proper growth, gut flora, and immunity. Thus, it is always considered the perfect food for newborns. Amongst their bioactives, probiotic communities—especially lactic acid bacteria (LAB)—are characterized from breast milk over the first month of parturition. In this study, seven LAB were characterized phenotypically and genotypically as Levilactobacillus brevis BDUMBT08 (MT673657), L. gastricus BDUMBT09 (MT774596), L. paracasei BDUMBT10 (MT775430), L. brevis BDUMBT11 (MW785062), L. casei BDUMBT12 (MW785063), L. casei BDUMBT13 (MW785178), and Brevibacillus brevis M2403 (MK371781) from human breast milk. Their tolerance to lysozyme, acid, bile, gastric juice, pancreatic juice, and NaCl and potential for mucoadhesion, auto-aggregation, and co-aggregation with pathogens are of great prominence in forecasting their gut colonizing ability. They proved their safety aspects as they were negative for virulence determinants such as hemolysis and biofilm production. Antibiogram of LAB showed their sensitivity to more than 90% of the antibiotics tested. Amongst seven LAB, three isolates (L. brevis BDUMBT08 and BDUMBT11, and L. gatricus BDUMBT09) proved their bacteriocin producing propensity. Although the seven LAB isolates differed in their behavior, their substantial probiotic properties with safety could be taken as promising probiotics for further studies to prove their in vivo effects, such as health benefits, in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senbagam Duraisamy
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India; (S.D.); (F.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Fazal Husain
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India; (S.D.); (F.H.); (A.S.)
| | | | - Aswathy Sathyan
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India; (S.D.); (F.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Prabhu Subramani
- Department of Biochemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India; (P.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Prahalathan Chidambaram
- Department of Biochemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India; (P.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Selvaraj Arokiyaraj
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Wahidah H. Al-Qahtani
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Anbarasu Kumarasamy
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India; (S.D.); (F.H.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Colares HC, Guimarães GM, Couto CAP, Gil PO, Santos SLEN, Silva TNL, de Carvalho ILQ, da Fonseca FG, Gagnon M, Roy D, de Magalhães JT, Gonçalves DB, Granjeiro PA. Optimization of bioprocess of Schleiferilactobacillus harbinensis Ca12 and its viability in frozen Brazilian berries (Açai, Euterpe oleracea Mart.). Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:2271-2285. [PMID: 34510398 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amazonian palm berries (açaí, Euterpe oleracea Mart.) are fruits with high nutritional value and antioxidant activity and have aroused the interest of consumers, popularizing fruit pulps enriched with probiotics. Amazonian palm berries (açaí, Euterpe oleracea Mart.) are fruits with high nutritional potential, providing a source of carbohydrates, fibers, proteins, lipids, vitamins, and minerals. Furthermore, açai provides several health benefits, including antioxidant activity. Nutritionally enhanced foods have aroused the interest of consumers, popularizing fruit pulps enriched with probiotics. Probiotics are dietary supplements consisting of live, beneficial microorganisms in the host which improve the intestinal microbiota. The objective of this study was to isolate, identify, and characterize the probiotic potential of an isolated Schleiferilactobacillus harbinensis strain (dubbed Ca12) and provide an optimized bioprocess for its production, using the complete factorial and central rotational compound design to supplement the frozen açai pulp. The isolated strain S. harbinensis Ca12 presented adequate resistance to gastric juice and bile salts, microbial activity against different Candida strains, self-aggregation and coaggregation properties, high adhesion in HT-29 cells, and 35% inhibition of Salmonella in HT-29 cells. When optimized, the cellular biomass production of the S. harbinensis Ca12 strain was approximately 600% higher than the unsupplemented whey, with a production of 3.6 × 1010 CFU mL-1. The S. harbinensis Ca12 strain's viability in the creamy and traditional frozen açai pulp was shown to be stable for up to 6 months at 20 °C. The impact of this study involved for the first time the S. harbinensis Ca12 described in the Brazilian cocoa pulp with activity against Candida albicans of clinical importance, creating the potential of a new functional food with important benefits to human health as prevention for candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloísa Carneiro Colares
- Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Filho, n 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Gabriele Moreira Guimarães
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio CarlosBelo Horizonte, Pampulha, MG, 6627, Brazil
| | - Carolina Alves Petit Couto
- Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Filho, n 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Oliveira Gil
- Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Filho, n 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | | | - Tuânia Natacha Lopes Silva
- Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Filho, n 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | | | - Flávio Guimarães da Fonseca
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio CarlosBelo Horizonte, Pampulha, MG, 6627, Brazil
| | - Mérilie Gagnon
- Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 Boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Roy
- Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 Boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Juliana Teixeira de Magalhães
- Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Filho, n 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Daniel Bonoto Gonçalves
- Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Filho, n 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Paulo Afonso Granjeiro
- Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Filho, n 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil.
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Vazquez-Munoz R, Dongari-Bagtzoglou A. Anticandidal Activities by Lactobacillus Species: An Update on Mechanisms of Action. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2021; 2:689382. [PMID: 35048033 PMCID: PMC8757823 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.689382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacilli are among the most studied bacteria in the microbiome of the orodigestive and genitourinary tracts. As probiotics, lactobacilli may provide various benefits to the host. These benefits include regulating the composition of the resident microbiota, preventing - or even potentially reverting- a dysbiotic state. Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen that can influence and be influenced by other members of the mucosal microbiota and, under immune-compromising conditions, can cause disease. Lactobacillus and Candida species can colonize the same mucosal sites; however, certain Lactobacillus species display antifungal activities that can contribute to low Candida burdens and prevent fungal infection. Lactobacilli can produce metabolites with direct anticandidal function or enhance the host defense mechanisms against fungi. Most of the Lactobacillus spp. anticandidal mechanisms of action remain underexplored. This work aims to comprehensively review and provide an update on the current knowledge regarding these anticandidal mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Vazquez-Munoz
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Anna Dongari-Bagtzoglou
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
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Clabaut M, Boukerb AM, Mlouka AB, Suet A, Tahrioui A, Verdon J, Barreau M, Maillot O, Le Tirant A, Karsybayeva M, Kremser C, Redziniak G, Duclairoir-Poc C, Pichon C, Hardouin J, Cosette P, Chevalier S, Feuilloley MGJ. Variability of the response of human vaginal Lactobacillus crispatus to 17β-estradiol. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11533. [PMID: 34075148 PMCID: PMC8169910 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that the physiological concentration of 17β-estradiol in the vaginal environment is sufficient to affect the membrane dynamics and adhesion phenotype of the Lactobacillus crispatus strain CIP104459. However, L. crispatus is a heterogeneous species. Here, we investigated the effect of 17β-estradiol on the recently isolated L. crispatus vaginal strain V4, related to a cluster distant from CIP104459 and at the limit of being a different subspecies. Grown in the same medium, the two strains expressed a highly similar pool of proteins. However, in contrast to CIP104459, L. crispatus V4 showed high aggregation potential and 17β-estradiol promoted this phenotype. This effect was associated with large changes in cell-surface polarity and Lewis acid/base properties. In addition, we observed no effect on the membrane dynamics, contrary to CIP104459. These results can be explained by differences in the properties and organization of the S layer between the two strains. However, as for CIP104459, 17β-estradiol increased biosurfactant production of L. crispatus V4 and their adhesion to vaginal cells. This suggests that 17β-estradiol agonists would be valuable tools to favor a stable re-implantation of L. crispatus in the vaginal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilien Clabaut
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM EA 4312), Rouen Normandie Université, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000, Evreux, France
| | - Amine M Boukerb
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM EA 4312), Rouen Normandie Université, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000, Evreux, France
| | - Amine Ben Mlouka
- Laboratory «Polymères, Biopolymères, Surfaces» (UMR 6270 CNRS), Proteomic Platform PISSARO University of Rouen Normandy, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Amandine Suet
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301 French National Centre for Scientific Research, Orléans, France
| | - Ali Tahrioui
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM EA 4312), Rouen Normandie Université, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000, Evreux, France
| | - Julien Verdon
- Laboratoire EBI, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Magalie Barreau
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM EA 4312), Rouen Normandie Université, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000, Evreux, France
| | - Olivier Maillot
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM EA 4312), Rouen Normandie Université, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000, Evreux, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Cécile Duclairoir-Poc
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM EA 4312), Rouen Normandie Université, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000, Evreux, France
| | - Chantal Pichon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301 French National Centre for Scientific Research, Orléans, France
| | - Julie Hardouin
- Laboratory «Polymères, Biopolymères, Surfaces» (UMR 6270 CNRS), Proteomic Platform PISSARO University of Rouen Normandy, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Pascal Cosette
- Laboratory «Polymères, Biopolymères, Surfaces» (UMR 6270 CNRS), Proteomic Platform PISSARO University of Rouen Normandy, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Sylvie Chevalier
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM EA 4312), Rouen Normandie Université, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000, Evreux, France
| | - Marc G J Feuilloley
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM EA 4312), Rouen Normandie Université, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000, Evreux, France.
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Effect of 17β-estradiol on a human vaginal Lactobacillus crispatus strain. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7133. [PMID: 33785829 PMCID: PMC8010061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86628-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacilli and estrogens play essential roles in vaginal homeostasis. We investigated the potential direct effect of 17β-estradiol on a vaginal strain of Lactobacillus crispatus, the major bacterial species of the vaginal microbiota. 17β-estradiol (10-6 to 10-10 M) had no effect on L. crispatus growth, but markedly affected the membrane dynamics of this bacterium. This effect appeared consistent with a signal transduction process. The surface polarity and aggregation potential of the bacterium were unaffected by exposure to 17β-estradiol, but its mean size was significantly reduced. 17β-estradiol also promoted biosurfactant production by L. crispatus and adhesion to vaginal VK2/E6E7 cells, but had little effect on bacterial biofilm formation activity. Bioinformatic analysis of L. crispatus identified a membrane lipid raft-associated stomatin/prohibitin/flotillin/HflK domain containing protein as a potential 17β-estradiol binding site. Overall, our results reveal direct effects of 17β-estradiol on L. crispatus. These effects are of potential importance in the physiology of the vaginal environment, through the promotion of lactobacillus adhesion to the mucosa and protection against pathogens.
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Stivala A, Carota G, Fuochi V, Furneri PM. Lactobacillus rhamnosus AD3 as a Promising Alternative for Probiotic Products. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010094. [PMID: 33450875 PMCID: PMC7828318 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus strains dominate the vaginal habitat and they are associated with a lower risk of genital infections. In addition, they contribute to the conservation of the vaginal microbiota by producing postbiotic agents. Previous studies have shown that their predominance involves antimicrobial activity against urogenital pathologies. In this context, probiotics may improve treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the probiotic properties of lactobacilli strains of vaginal origin using a multidisciplinary approach. For this purpose, safety criteria, ability to resist at low pH and bile salts, antimicrobial activity, ability to produce biofilm, capacity to produce hydrogen peroxide and more importantly, auto-aggregation, co-aggregation (with Candida spp.) and adhesion to human cells were evaluated. The strains belonged to the species of L. crispatus, L. gasseri, L. rhamnosus and L. delbruckii. Among these, a strain of L. rhamnosus named AD3 showed the best probiotic properties. As probiotics are already in use in many clinical practice and there are no major safety concerns, L. rhamnosus AD3 showed promise in becoming a prevention and complementary treatment option for urogenital diseases. Indeed, these results suggest that strain L. rhamnosus AD3 is non-pathogenic and likely to be safe for human consumption. This study revealed the great amensalistic properties of a new L. rhamnosus strain which can aim to be used as probiotic in pharmaceutical applications.
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Pramanick R, Aranha C. Distinct Functional Traits of Lactobacilli from Women with Asymptomatic Bacterial Vaginosis and Normal Microbiota. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1949. [PMID: 33316918 PMCID: PMC7763271 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8121949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis (BV) in reproductive-age women has serious obstetric and gynecological consequences. Despite its high incidence, the behavior of vaginal lactobacilli in asymptomatic BV is unknown. We analyzed the functional properties of previously isolated vaginal lactobacilli from asymptomatic women with normal, intermediate, and BV microbiota. Lactic acid and antimicrobial activity against seven urogenital pathogens were evaluated from lactobacilli cell-free culture supernatants (CFCs) (n = 207) after 48 h incubation in MRS. Lactobacilli isolates were used to evaluate H2O2, autoaggregation and coaggregation with C. albicans. Lactobacilli from normal microbiota produced more d-lactate than lactobacilli from intermediate and asymptomatic BV (p = 0.007). L. plantarum, L. fermentum and L. reuteri produced greater d-lactate whereas L. rhamnosus, L. crispatus, L. johnsonii were greater producers of l-lactate. Interspecies positive correlation was observed in the lactic acid contents of CFCs. Distribution of H2O2-producing lactobacilli did not vary significantly among the groups. When lactic acid isomers were considered, species from intermediate and BV microbiota clustered together with each other and distinctly from species of normal microbiota. Broad-spectrum antagonism (≥90% inhibition) against E. coli, C. albicans, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, G. vaginalis, N. gonorrhoeae, S. agalactiae were displayed by 46.86% (97) of isolates. Our study highlights the differential functional properties of vaginal lactobacilli from women with normal microbiota and asymptomatic BV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clara Aranha
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Parel, Mumbai 400102, India;
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Lee YH, Kang GU, Jeon SY, Tagele SB, Pham HQ, Kim MS, Ahmad S, Jung DR, Park YJ, Han HS, Shin JH, Chong GO. Vaginal Microbiome-Based Bacterial Signatures for Predicting the Severity of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10121013. [PMID: 33256024 PMCID: PMC7761147 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10121013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although emerging evidence revealed that the gut microbiome served as a tool and as biomarkers for predicting and detecting specific cancer or illness, it is yet unknown if vaginal microbiome-derived bacterial markers can be used as a predictive model to predict the severity of CIN. In this study, we sequenced V3 region of 16S rRNA gene on vaginal swab samples from 66 participants (24 CIN 1−, 42 CIN 2+ patients) and investigated the taxonomic composition. The vaginal microbial diversity was not significantly different between the CIN 1− and CIN 2+ groups. However, we observed Lactobacillus amylovorus dominant type (16.7%), which does not belong to conventional community state type (CST). Moreover, a minimal set of 33 bacterial species was identified to maximally differentiate CIN 2+ from CIN 1− in a random forest model, which can distinguish CIN 2+ from CIN 1− (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.952). Among the 33 bacterial species, Lactobacillus iners was selected as the most impactful predictor in our model. This finding suggests that the random forest model is able to predict the severity of CIN and vaginal microbiome may play a role as biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Hee Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41404, Korea;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea;
- Clinical Omics Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea;
| | - Gi-Ung Kang
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (G.-U.K.); (S.B.T.); (H.Q.P.); (M.-S.K.); (S.A.); (Y.-J.P.)
| | - Se Young Jeon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea;
- Clinical Omics Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea;
| | - Setu Bazie Tagele
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (G.-U.K.); (S.B.T.); (H.Q.P.); (M.-S.K.); (S.A.); (Y.-J.P.)
| | - Huy Quang Pham
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (G.-U.K.); (S.B.T.); (H.Q.P.); (M.-S.K.); (S.A.); (Y.-J.P.)
| | - Min-Sueng Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (G.-U.K.); (S.B.T.); (H.Q.P.); (M.-S.K.); (S.A.); (Y.-J.P.)
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (G.-U.K.); (S.B.T.); (H.Q.P.); (M.-S.K.); (S.A.); (Y.-J.P.)
| | - Da-Ryung Jung
- Department of Biomedical Convergence Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Yeong-Jun Park
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (G.-U.K.); (S.B.T.); (H.Q.P.); (M.-S.K.); (S.A.); (Y.-J.P.)
| | - Hyung Soo Han
- Clinical Omics Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea;
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41405, Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (G.-U.K.); (S.B.T.); (H.Q.P.); (M.-S.K.); (S.A.); (Y.-J.P.)
- Department of Biomedical Convergence Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.-H.S.); (G.O.C.); Tel.: +82-53-950-5716 (J.-H.S.); +82-53-200-2028 (G.O.C.); Fax: +82-53-953-7233 (J.-H.S.); +82-53-200-2684 (G.O.C.)
| | - Gun Oh Chong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41404, Korea;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea;
- Clinical Omics Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.-H.S.); (G.O.C.); Tel.: +82-53-950-5716 (J.-H.S.); +82-53-200-2028 (G.O.C.); Fax: +82-53-953-7233 (J.-H.S.); +82-53-200-2684 (G.O.C.)
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12
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Al-Balawi M, Morsy FM. Enterococcus faecalis Is a Better Competitor Than Other Lactic Acid Bacteria in the Initial Colonization of Colon of Healthy Newborn Babies at First Week of Their Life. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:2017. [PMID: 33133027 PMCID: PMC7550472 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.02017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Initial colonization of human gut by bacteria is an important step in controlling its microbiota and health status. This study followed the initial colonization by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in colon of new born babies through following its occurrence in their stool at first week of their life. The LAB occurrence in the neonates' stool was followed on MRS agar medium. The isolated LAB from male and female newborn babies of normal birth and cesarean section surgical delivery were molecular biologically identified by phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence. From the 24 investigated newborn babies, three LAB taxa, Lactobacillaceae, Enterococcus, and Streptococcus, were detected in their stool at first week of their life. Lactobacillaceae represented 20.8% of total colonized LAB in newborn babies in the culture-dependent approach used in this study and included three species namely Limosilactobacillus reuteri (previously known as Lactobacillus reuteri), Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (previously known as Lactobacillus rhamnosus) and Ligilactobacillus agilis (previously known as Lactobacillus agilis). Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium were detected where E. faecalis was the highest dominant, representing 62.5% of total LAB colonizing newborn babies. This result suggests that this bacterium has high potency for colonization and might be important for controlling the initial settlement of microbiota in healthy newborn babies. Only one species of Streptococcus namely Streptococcus agalactiae was detected in 8.33% total of the investigated newborn babies indicating high competency by other LAB for colonization and that this bacteria, in spite of its pathogenicity, is commensal in its low existence in healthy babies. The explored potency of natural initial colonization of the LAB species E. faecalis, E. faecium, L. reuteri, L. rhamnosus, and L. agilis of which many health beneficial strains were previously reported, would be important for future applications. Despite the controversy in evaluating its health benefits, E. faecalis as a potent competitor to other LAB refers to its importance in initial colonization of healthy babies colon at first week of their life. Further future studies, with more number of samples and characterization, would be of importance for evaluating the potential use of beneficial Enterococcus strains which could improve intestinal ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Al-Balawi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatthy Mohamed Morsy
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
- Bacteriology Section, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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13
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Moshfeghy Z, Tahari S, Janghorban R, Najib FS, Mani A, Sayadi M. Association of sexual function and psychological symptoms including depression, anxiety and stress in women with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2020; 21:90-96. [PMID: 31640303 PMCID: PMC7294830 DOI: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2019.2019.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is a common vaginal infection which could affect the quality of life, romantic relationships, and sexual performance. There is some evidence that psychological problems result in an increased incidence of RVVC by changing the immune systems of individuals. The aim of this study was to determine the association of sexual function and psychological factors including depression, anxiety, and stress in women with RVVC. Material and Methods: Study design was case controlled. Equal numbers of women with RVVC and uninfected women referred to gynecology clinics were selected, using convenience purposive sampling. Two samples of vaginal discharge were prepared from each person. One sample was examined microscopically and the second was cultured on Sabouraud Agar. Data collection tools used for this study included demographic questionnaire, Female Sexual Function Index, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 19). Results: Less sexual satisfaction [odds ratio (OR): 0.608, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.421-0.878] and less orgasm (OR: 0.741, 95% CI: 0.530-0.998) was associated with RVVC. In patients with RVVC, the levels of depression, anxiety and stress were significantly higher compared to those of healthy individuals. Conclusion: Depression, anxiety and stress in the past four weeks are related to an increased risk of RVVC. There is an association between depression, anxiety and stress, sexual satisfaction, and orgasm with RVVC. It may be that psychological interventions and sexual counseling can be effective in improving RVVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Moshfeghy
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Tahari
- Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Roksana Janghorban
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Najib
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Arash Mani
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehrab Sayadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biostatistics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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14
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Salari S, Ghasemi Nejad Almani P. Antifungal effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum against different oral Candida species isolated from HIV/ AIDS patients: an in vitro study. J Oral Microbiol 2020; 12:1769386. [PMID: 32922676 PMCID: PMC7448839 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2020.1769386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Oropharyngeal Candidiasis (OPC) is an opportunistic fungal infection occurring in immunocompromised patients such as HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antifungal properties of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum on different Candida species isolated from oral cavity of HIV/AIDS patients compared to Fluconazole (FLC). In this study, the antifungal effects of both cells and cell-free supernatants (CFSs) of L. acidophilus and L. plantarum were investigated against different oral Candida species by co-aggregation, agar overlay interference and broth microdilution assays, respectively. Our results showed that the highest co-aggregation ratio of the two tested Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was observed for C. krusei. Both L. acidophilus and L. plantarum at cell concentrations 1010 to 102 cfu/ml were able to inhibit the growth of most of the oral Candida species, except for C. albicans, and to some C. krusei. In this study, MIC and MFC values for CFS of L. acidophilus ranged from 100 to 200 µl/ml and 100 to 200 µl/ml, respectively, and MIC and MFC values for CFS of L. plantarum were 50 to 200 µl/ml and 50 to 200 µl/ml, respectively. The ranges of MIC and MFC for FLC were 256-1024 µg/ml and 512-2048 µg/ml, respectively. C. albicans and C. parapsilosis displayed the highest and least susceptibility to CFSs of two LAB, respectively. Our findings showed that both cells and CFSs of L. acidophilus and L. plantarum had antifungal effects against oral Candida species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Salari
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Students Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Pooya Ghasemi Nejad Almani
- Students Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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15
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Khattab RA, Ahmed NA, Ragab YM, Rasmy SA. Bacteria producing antimicrobials against Clostridium difficile isolated from human stool. Anaerobe 2020; 63:102206. [PMID: 32339663 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients worldwide. The major problem facing current treatment is multiple recurrences, prompting the need for alternative therapies. In this study we isolated bacterial species, from Egyptian individuals' stool, with antimicrobial activity against clinical isolates of C. difficile and tried to examine the nature of the produced antimicrobials. In vitro antibacterial activity against C. difficile was initially screened in 123 fecal samples cultures using an agar overlay method. The isolates with antimicrobial activity against C. difficile in addition to Clostridium isolates were identified using partial 16S rDNA gene sequencing analysis. The isolates acting against C. difficile belonged to Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Clostridium genera. The concentrated cell-free supernatants (CFSs) from these bacterial isolates were examined for antimicrobial activity against C. difficile growth by broth dilution method. 10 x concentrated CFSs of five isolates showed inhibition for C. difficile growth which was significantly different (p < 0.001) from control. Lactobacillus agilis T99A and Clostridium butyricum T58A isolates were selected for further evaluation of the produced antimicrobials. The antimicrobial activity of 10x CFSs of the two isolates was stable after enzymatic treatment with proteinase K or heating treatments up to 90 °C or neutralizing pH. The spectrum of activity of the two isolates was evaluated using different gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial species and did not show antimicrobial activity against these species. Our results showed two unconventional bacterial isolates: L. agilis T99A and C. butyricum T58A producing extracellular thermo stable antimicrobial agents against C. difficile clinical isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Abdelmonem Khattab
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini, 11562, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Noha A Ahmed
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasser M Ragab
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salwa A Rasmy
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
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16
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Mechanistic insights into the action of probiotics against bacterial vaginosis and its mediated preterm birth: An overview. Microb Pathog 2020; 141:104029. [PMID: 32014462 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The human body is a reservoir of numerous micro-creatures; whose role is substantial and indispensable in the overall development of human beings. The advances in omic approaches have offered powerful means to decipher the core microbiome and metabolome diversities in a specific organ system. The establishment of lactobacilli in the female reproductive tract is thought to be a paramount prerequisite that maintains homeostatic conditions for a sustainable and healthy pregnancy. Nevertheless, a plethora of such Lactobacillus strains of vaginal source revealed probiotic phenotypes. The plummeting in the occurrence of lactobacilli in the vaginal ecosystem is associated with several adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). One such pathological condition is "Bacterial Vaginosis" (BV), a pathogen dominated gynecological threat. In this scenario, the ascending traffic of notorious Gram-negative/variable BV pathogens to the uterus is one of the proposed pathways that give rise to inflammation-related APOs like preterm birth. Since antibiotic resistance is aggravating among urogenital pathogens, the probiotics intervention remains one of the alternative biotherapeutic strategies to overcome BV and its associated APOs. Perhaps, the increased inclination towards the safer and natural biotherapeutic strategies rather than pharmaceutical drugs for maintaining gestational and reproductive health resulted in the use of probiotics in pregnancy diets. In this context, the current review is an attempt to highlight the microbiome and metabolites signatures of BV and non-BV vaginal ecosystem, inflammation or infection-related preterm birth, host-microbial interactions, role and effectiveness of probiotics to fight against aforesaid diseased conditions.
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17
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Liao H, Liu S, Wang H, Su H, Liu Z. Enhanced antifungal activity of bovine lactoferrin-producing probiotic Lactobacillus casei in the murine model of vulvovaginal candidiasis. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:7. [PMID: 30621597 PMCID: PMC6325727 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-018-1370-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common vaginitis caused by Candida species,a frequently recurring condition. Fungal azole-resistant strains with azole-resistance have developed for long and wide explosion to the first-line antifungal azole agent. Bovine lactoferrin (BLF) is a protein from transferrin family secreted by the bovine mammary tissue. Its various biological functions are well known, especially the pronounced antifungal activity. RESULTS In the current study, we constructed a Lactobacillus casei strain (L.casei/pPG612.1-BLF), which secreted BLF encoded by a mature secretion vector plasmid pPG612.1, and evaluated its antifungal activity in vitro and in vivo. In a two-layer agar plate in vitro assay, the number of C. albicans CFUs decreased and the average colony size shrunk upon exposure to L. casei/pPG612.1-BLF. In a murine VVC model, the infection burden of mice intra-vaginally pre-inoculated with L. casei/pPG612.1-BLF was lower than in control groups. Furthermore, the infection burden in mice with VVC was reduced when the animals were continually given L. casei/pPG612.1-BLF as a topical treatment for 5 days. CONCLUSION Combined, these results suggested that the L. casei/pPG612.1-BLF strain is a promising preventative and therapeutic anti-VVC agent, highlighting the possibility of employing the probiotic L. casei as a vehicle for biotherapy in the female genital tract and exploiting the natural antibiotic antimicrobial peptides for other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liao
- Department of Obstetric & Gynecologic, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, NO. 17.3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanling Liu
- Department of Obstetric & Gynecologic, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, NO. 17.3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Obstetric & Gynecologic, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, NO. 17.3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Su
- Department of Obstetric & Gynecologic, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, NO. 17.3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenjun Liu
- Department of Obstetric & Gynecologic, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, NO. 17.3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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18
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Ballini A, Santacroce L, Cantore S, Bottalico L, Dipalma G, Vito DD, Saini R, Inchingolo F. Probiotics Improve Urogenital Health in Women. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018; 6:1845-1850. [PMID: 30455760 PMCID: PMC6236028 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urogenital recurrent infections represent a global medical issue in the world, affecting millions of women because of dramatic shifts in bacterial composition and concentrations in response to numerous endogenous and exogenous factors. Urogenital microbiota forms a mutually beneficial relationship with their host and has a major impact on health and disease. AIM This study aimed to compare probiotic therapy versus placebo in Oxidative Stress Values (OSVs) and histological features in urogenital infections in female patients. METHODS Forty (n = 40) patients diagnosed with recurrent urogenital infections were recruited to be treated as test group (n = 20), receiving Probiotics, and a control group (n = 20), receiving looking similar placebo, both for 90 days. Both the groups were assessed for total oxidant capacity (d-ROMs test) and biological antioxidant potential as iron-reducing activity (BAP test) at baseline, after 1 and 3 months. Histological changes on inner vaginal mucosa were also investigated, during the entire study. RESULTS d-ROM assay clearly showed that the values of the test group were significantly different, thus leading the general health conditions from a state of high oxidative stress to low oxidative stress levels. Increasing of BAP values were more significant, and clinically relevant, in probiotic test group over time. CONCLUSION Our pilot study gave interesting and promising elements to confirm the safety and effectiveness of oral probiotics in preventing/reducing the recurrent urogenital infections by an overall modification of inner vaginal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ballini
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Santacroce
- Ionian Department, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- Polypheno srl - Academic Spin Off, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Cantore
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- Polypheno srl - Academic Spin Off, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Bottalico
- Polypheno srl - Academic Spin Off, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Danila De Vito
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Rajiv Saini
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
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19
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Cabral DJ, Penumutchu S, Norris C, Morones-Ramirez JR, Belenky P. Microbial competition between Escherichia coli and Candida albicans reveals a soluble fungicidal factor. MICROBIAL CELL 2018; 5:249-255. [PMID: 29796389 PMCID: PMC5961918 DOI: 10.15698/mic2018.05.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Localized and systemic fungal infections caused by Candida albicans can lead to significant mortality and morbidity. However, severe C. albicans infections are relatively rare, occurring mostly in the very young, the very old, and immunocompromised individuals. The fact that these infections are rare is interesting because as much as 80 percent of the population is asymptomatically colonized with C. albicans. It is thought that members of the human microbiota and the immune system work in concert to reduce C. albicans overgrowth through competition and modification of the growth environment. Here, we report that Escherichia coli (strain MG1655) outcompetes and kills C. albicans (strain SC5314) in vitro. We find that E. coli produces a soluble factor that kills C. albicans in a magnesium-dependent fashion such that depletion of available magnesium is essential for toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien J Cabral
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Swathi Penumutchu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Colby Norris
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.,Bryant University, Smithfield, RI, 02917 USA
| | - Jose Ruben Morones-Ramirez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Pedro de Alba, S/N, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México.,Centro de Investigacion en Biotecnologia y Nanotecnologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Parque de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica, Km. 10 autopista al Aeropuerto Internacional Mariano Escobedo, Apodaca, Nuevo Leon. 66629
| | - Peter Belenky
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
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20
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Abstract
Accurate knowledge of the composition and ecology of the vaginal microbial environment in healthy women is necessary for understanding lactobacilli-dominated normal microbiota and the mechanisms by which it reduces disease risk. The vagina and its microbiota form a balanced ecosystem; any movement outside the normal range for this ecosystem of obligate and/or facultative microbes, termed dysbacteriosis, can lead to infection and disease. This review summarizes recent research on the vaginal ecosystem, the Lactobacillus species that dominate it, and the means by which they suppress the growth, development, and/or proliferation of pathogenic microbial species. Lactobacilli colonization is believed to be beneficial since it prevents other microorganisms from colonizing the vaginal epithelium via competitive adhesion, interactions with the local immunity and plasminogen-plasmin system, and the production of lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and antibacterial substances. In addition, lactobacilli also constitute an important part of the urogenital tract microbiota and the lactobacilli-dominated vaginal microbiome is a major determinant for female urogenital health.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kovachev
- a Department of General and Oncogynecology , Military Medical Academy , Sofia , Bulgaria
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21
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Microbiota alteration is associated with the development of stress-induced despair behavior. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43859. [PMID: 28266612 PMCID: PMC5339726 DOI: 10.1038/srep43859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Depressive disorders often run in families, which, in addition to the genetic component, may point to the microbiome as a causative agent. Here, we employed a combination of behavioral, molecular and computational techniques to test the role of the microbiota in mediating despair behavior. In chronically stressed mice displaying despair behavior, we found that the microbiota composition and the metabolic signature dramatically change. Specifically, we observed reduced Lactobacillus and increased circulating kynurenine levels as the most prominent changes in stressed mice. Restoring intestinal Lactobacillus levels was sufficient to improve the metabolic alterations and behavioral abnormalities. Mechanistically, we identified that Lactobacillus-derived reactive oxygen species may suppress host kynurenine metabolism, by inhibiting the expression of the metabolizing enzyme, IDO1, in the intestine. Moreover, maintaining elevated kynurenine levels during Lactobacillus supplementation diminished the treatment benefits. Collectively, our data provide a mechanistic scenario for how a microbiota player (Lactobacillus) may contribute to regulating metabolism and resilience during stress.
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Cunha DV, Salazar SB, Lopes MM, Mira NP. Mechanistic Insights Underlying Tolerance to Acetic Acid Stress in Vaginal Candida glabrata Clinical Isolates. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:259. [PMID: 28293217 PMCID: PMC5329028 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During colonization of the vaginal tract Candida glabrata cells are challenged with the presence of acetic acid at a low pH, specially when dysbiosis occurs. To avoid exclusion from this niche C. glabrata cells are expected to evolve efficient adaptive responses to cope with this stress; however, these responses remain largely uncharacterized, especially in vaginal strains. In this work a cohort of 18 vaginal strains and 2 laboratory strains (CBS138 and KUE100) were phenotyped for their tolerance against inhibitory concentrations of acetic acid at pH 4. Despite some heterogeneity has been observed among the vaginal strains tested, in general these strains were considerably more tolerant to acetic acid than the laboratory strains. To tackle the mechanistic insights behind this differential level of tolerance observed, a set of vaginal strains differently tolerant to acetic acid (VG281∼VG49 < VG99 < VG216) and the highly susceptible laboratory strain KUE100 were selected for further studies. When suddenly challenged with acetic acid the more tolerant vaginal strains exhibited a higher activity of the plasma membrane proton pump CgPma1 and a reduced internal accumulation of the acid, these being two essential features to maximize tolerance. Based on the higher level of resistance exhibited by the vaginal strains against the action of a β-1,3-glucanase, it is hypothesized that the reduced internal accumulation of acetic acid inside these strains may originate from them having a different cell wall structure resulting in a reduced porosity to undissociated acetic acid molecules. Both the vaginal and the two laboratory strains were found to consume acetic acid in the presence of glucose indicating that metabolization of the acid is used by C. glabrata species as a detoxification mechanism. The results gathered in this study advance the current knowledge on the mechanisms underlying the increased competitiveness of C. glabrata in the vaginal tract, a knowledge that can be used to guide more suitable strategies to treat infections caused by this pathogenic yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana V Cunha
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara B Salazar
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria M Lopes
- Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno P Mira
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa, Portugal
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23
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Malik S, Petrova MI, Imholz NCE, Verhoeven TLA, Noppen S, Van Damme EJM, Liekens S, Balzarini J, Schols D, Vanderleyden J, Lebeer S. High mannose-specific lectin Msl mediates key interactions of the vaginal Lactobacillus plantarum isolate CMPG5300. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37339. [PMID: 27853317 PMCID: PMC5112522 DOI: 10.1038/srep37339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterize the interaction potential of the human vaginal isolate Lactobacillus plantarum CMPG5300, its genome was mined for genes encoding lectin-like proteins. cmpg5300.05_29 was identified as the gene encoding a putative mannose-binding lectin. Phenotypic analysis of a gene knock-out mutant of cmpg5300.05_29 showed that expression of this gene is important for auto-aggregation, adhesion to the vaginal epithelial cells, biofilm formation and binding to mannosylated glycans. Purification of the predicted lectin domain of Cmpg5300.05_29 and characterization of its sugar binding capacity confirmed the specificity of the lectin for high- mannose glycans. Therefore, we renamed Cmpg5300.05_29 as a mannose-specific lectin (Msl). The purified lectin domain of Msl could efficiently bind to HIV-1 glycoprotein gp120 and Candida albicans, and showed an inhibitory activity against biofilm formation of uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhimurium. Thus, using a combination of molecular lectin characterization and functional assays, we could show that lectin-sugar interactions play a key role in host and pathogen interactions of a prototype isolate of the vaginal Lactobacillus microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Malik
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mariya I Petrova
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nicole C E Imholz
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Sam Noppen
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Els J M Van Damme
- Ghent University, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Balzarini
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos Vanderleyden
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
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24
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Bouridane H, Sifour M, Idoui T, Annick L, Thonard P. Technological and Probiotic Traits of the Lactobacilli Isolated From Vaginal Tract of the Healthy Women for Probiotic Use. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 14:192-201. [PMID: 28959336 PMCID: PMC5492240 DOI: 10.15171/ijb.1432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background
For biotechnological application, selected lactic acid bacteria strains belonging to the genera Lactobacillus (Lb) are proposed as an alternative to the antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of urogenital tract infections.
Objectives
Isolating and selecting vaginal lactobacilli strains for probiotic use based on their technological and probiotic aptitudes.
Materials and Methods
The vaginal isolates were examined for their essential characteristics as the potential probiotic such as low pH tolerance, bile-salt and simulated human intestinal fluid (SIF) resistance, adhesion to the vaginal epithelial cells (VECs), aggregation and coaggregation, surface hydrophobicity, antimicrobial activity, acid production, antibiotic resistance, and resistance to spermicides. The best strain was identified by PCR.
Results
From 70 lactobacilli isolates and according to the 16 rDNA sequences, isolates B6 and B10 showed the closest homology (99%) to the Lb. gasseri and Lb. plantarum respectively. They produced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), tolerant to acid, bile, simulated human intestinal fluid, present a strong adhesion, highest percentages of aggregation, and antibacterial activity. These strains are resistant to the spermicide and actively acidify the growth medium.
Conclusions
Strains Lb. plantarum B10 and Lb. gasseri B6 have a strong potential probiotic confirming their value as a tool for prevention against urinary and vaginal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamida Bouridane
- Laboratoryof Biotechnology, Environment and Health, University Mohammed Seddik Benyahia, Jijel, Algeria.,Department of Applied Microbiology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Seddik Benyahia, Jijel, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Sifour
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Seddik Benyahia, Jijel, Algeria
| | - Tayeb Idoui
- Laboratoryof Biotechnology, Environment and Health, University Mohammed Seddik Benyahia, Jijel, Algeria
| | - Lejeune Annick
- Bio-Industries Unit CWBI, Gembloux Agro. Bio-Tech, University of Liege, Passage Deportees, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Philip Thonard
- Bio-Industries Unit CWBI, Gembloux Agro. Bio-Tech, University of Liege, Passage Deportees, Gembloux, Belgium
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25
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Förster TM, Mogavero S, Dräger A, Graf K, Polke M, Jacobsen ID, Hube B. Enemies and brothers in arms: Candida albicans and gram-positive bacteria. Cell Microbiol 2016; 18:1709-1715. [PMID: 27552083 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans is an important human opportunistic fungal pathogen which is frequently found as part of the normal human microbiota. It is well accepted that the fungus interacts with other components of the resident microbiota and that this impacts the commensal or pathogenic outcome of C. albicans colonization. Different types of interactions, including synergism or antagonism, contribute to a complex balance between the multitude of different species. Mixed biofilms of C. albicans and streptococci are a well-studied example of a mutualistic interaction often potentiating the virulence of the individual members. In contrast, other bacteria like lactobacilli are known to antagonize C. albicans, and research has just started elucidating the mechanisms behind these interactions. This scenario is even more complicated by a third player, the host. This review focuses on interactions between C. albicans and gram-positive bacteria whose investigation will without doubt ultimately help understanding C. albicans infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni M Förster
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knoell Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Selene Mogavero
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knoell Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Antonia Dräger
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knoell Institute, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena, Germany
| | - Katja Graf
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knoell Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Melanie Polke
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knoell Institute, Jena, Germany.,Research Group Microbial Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knoell Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Ilse D Jacobsen
- Research Group Microbial Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knoell Institute, Jena, Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hube
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knoell Institute, Jena, Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena, Germany
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26
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Hütt P, Lapp E, Štšepetova J, Smidt I, Taelma H, Borovkova N, Oopkaup H, Ahelik A, Rööp T, Hoidmets D, Samuel K, Salumets A, Mändar R. Characterisation of probiotic properties in human vaginal lactobacilli strains. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2016; 27:30484. [PMID: 27527701 PMCID: PMC4985617 DOI: 10.3402/mehd.v27.30484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaginal lactobacilli offer protection against recurrent urinary infections, bacterial vaginosis, and vaginal candidiasis. OBJECTIVE To characterise the isolated vaginal lactobacilli strains for their probiotic properties and to compare their probiotic potential. METHODS The Lactobacillus strains were isolated from vaginal samples by conventional culturing and identified by sequencing of the 16S rDNA fragment. Several functional properties were detected (production of hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid; antagonistic activity against Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Gardnerella vaginalis; auto-aggregation and adhesiveness) as well as safety (haemolytic activity, antibiotic susceptibility, presence of transferrable resistance genes). RESULTS A total of 135 vaginal lactobacilli strains of three species, Lactobacillus crispatus (56%), Lactobacillus jensenii (26%), and Lactobacillus gasseri (18%) were characterised using several functional and safety tests. Most of L. crispatus (89%) and L. jensenii (86%) strains produced H2O2. The best lactic acid producers were L. gasseri (18.2±2.2 mg/ml) compared to L. crispatus (15.6±2.8 mg/ml) and L. jensenii (11.6±2.6 mg/ml) (p<0.0001; p<0.0001, respectively). L. crispatus strains showed significantly higher anti-E. coli activity compared to L. jensenii. L. gasseri strains expressed significantly lower anticandidal activity compared to L. crispatus and L. jensenii (p<0.0001). There was no significant difference between the species in antagonistic activity against G. vaginalis. Nearly a third of the strains were able to auto-aggregate while all the tested strains showed a good ability to adhere to HeLa cells. None of the tested lactobacilli caused haemolysis. Although phenotypical resistance was not found to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, gentamycin, tetracycline, and vancomycin, the erm(B), tet(M), and tet(K) were detected in some strains. All strains were resistant to metronidazole, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and kanamycin. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that the production of different antimicrobial metabolites is highly strain-specific and that the metabolites are not correlated with each other. L. crispatus displays better antagonistic activity against E. coli and Candida spp. than L. gasseri and L. jensenii; therefore; a potential probiotic candidate could be found among L. crispatus strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pirje Hütt
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eleri Lapp
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jelena Štšepetova
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Imbi Smidt
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Heleri Taelma
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Natalja Borovkova
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Helen Oopkaup
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ave Ahelik
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tiiu Rööp
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dagmar Hoidmets
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Külli Samuel
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Reet Mändar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia;
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27
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Santos CMA, Pires MCV, Leão TL, Hernández ZP, Rodriguez ML, Martins AKS, Miranda LS, Martins FS, Nicoli JR. Selection of Lactobacillus strains as potential probiotics for vaginitis treatment. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2016; 162:1195-1207. [PMID: 27154285 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacilli are the dominant bacteria of the vaginal tract of healthy women, and imbalance of the local microbiota can predispose women to acquire infections, such as bacterial vaginosis (BV) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Although antimicrobial therapy is generally effective, there is still a high incidence of recurrence and increase of microbial resistance due to the repetitive use of antimicrobials. Thus, it has been suggested that administration of probiotics incorporating selected Lactobacillus strains may be an effective strategy for preventing vaginal infections. Accordingly, the in vitro probiotic potential of 23 lactobacilli isolated from the vaginal ecosystem of healthy women from Cuba was evaluated for use in BV and VVC treatments. Eight strains were selected based on their antagonist potential against Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida albicansor both. In vitro assays revealed that all these strains reduced the pathogen counts in co-incubation, showed excellent adhesive properties (biofilm formation and auto-aggregation), were able to co-aggregate with G. vaginalis and C. albicans, yielded high amounts of hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid and demonstrated high adhesion rates to epithelial HeLa cells. Interference tests within HeLa cells showed that all strains were able to reduce the adherence of pathogens by exclusion or displacement. Lactobacilli were able to inhibit HeLa cell apoptosis caused by pathogens when the cells were incubated with the probiotics prior to challenge. These results suggest that these strains have a promising probiotic potential and can be used for prevention or treatment of BV and VVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina M A Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria C V Pires
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Thiago L Leão
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Zulema P Hernández
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuária, Dirección de Producciones Biofarmacéuticas, San José de las Lajas Mayabeque, Cuba
| | - Marisleydys L Rodriguez
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuária, Dirección de Producciones Biofarmacéuticas, San José de las Lajas Mayabeque, Cuba
| | - Ariane K S Martins
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lilian S Miranda
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuária, Dirección de Producciones Biofarmacéuticas, San José de las Lajas Mayabeque, Cuba
| | - Flaviano S Martins
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jacques R Nicoli
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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28
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Chew SY, Than LTL. Vulvovaginal candidosis: contemporary challenges and the future of prophylactic and therapeutic approaches. Mycoses 2016; 59:262-73. [PMID: 26765516 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vulvovaginal candidosis (VVC) is a common gynaecological disorder that is delineated by the inflammation of vaginal wall and it is caused by the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida species. In fact, three out of every four women will experience at least one occasion of VVC during some point in their lives. Although uncomplicated VVC is relatively harmless, the complicated VVC such as recurrent attack often creates restlessness and depression in the patients, thus greatly affects their quality of life. Managements of VVC are usually associated with the use of antimycotic suppositories, topical cream or oral agents. These antimycotic agents are either available over-the-counter or prescribed by the clinicians. In recent decades, the rise of clinical challenges such as the increased prevalence of resistant Candida strains, recurrent VVC infection and adverse effects of multidrug interactions have necessitated the development of novel therapeutic or prophylactic options to combat the complicated VVC in the future. In this review, we discuss the current antimycotic treatments available for Candida vaginitis and the problems that exist in these seemingly effective treatments. Besides, we attempt to contemplate some of the future and prospective strategies surrounding the development of alternative therapeutic and prophylactic options in treating and preventing complicated VVC respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yih Chew
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43300, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Leslie Thian Lung Than
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43300, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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29
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Phenotypic and genotypic assessment of Lactobacillus plantarum influence on Candida albicans fluconazole resistance. ANN MICROBIOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-015-1159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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30
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Chew SY, Cheah YK, Seow HF, Sandai D, Than LTL. In vitro modulation of probiotic bacteria on the biofilm of Candida glabrata. Anaerobe 2015; 34:132-8. [PMID: 26028405 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A conspicuous new concept of pathogens living as the microbial societies in the human host rather than free planktonic cells has raised considerable concerns among scientists and clinicians. Fungal biofilms are communities of cells that possess distinct characteristic such as increased resistance to the immune defence and antimycotic agents in comparison to their planktonic cells counterpart. Therefore, inhibition of the biofilm may represent a new paradigm for antifungal development. In this study, we aim to evaluate the in vitro modulation of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC)-causing Candida glabrata biofilms using probiotic lactobacilli strains. Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 were shown to have completely inhibited C. glabrata biofilms and the results were corroborated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed scanty structures of the mixed biofilms of C. glabrata and probiotic lactobacilli strains. In addition, biofilm-related C. glabrata genes EPA6 and YAK1 were downregulated in response to the probiotic lactobacilli challenges. The present study suggested that probiotic L. rhamnosus GR-1 and L. reuteri RC-14 strains inhibited C. glabrata biofilm by partially impeding the adherence of yeast cells and the effect might be contributed by the secretory compounds produced by these probiotic lactobacilli strains. Further investigations are required to examine and identify the biofilm inhibitory compounds and the mechanism of probiotic actions of these lactobacilli strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yih Chew
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yoke Kqueen Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Heng Fong Seow
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Doblin Sandai
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Leslie Thian Lung Than
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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31
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Al Kassaa I, Hamze M, Hober D, Chihib NE, Drider D. Identification of vaginal lactobacilli with potential probiotic properties isolated from women in North Lebanon. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2014; 67:722-734. [PMID: 24549747 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-014-0384-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the diversity of vaginal lactobacilli in Lebanese women and to evaluate the antagonism, hydrophobicity, and safety characteristics of these strains. This study was performed on samples from 135 women who visited a gynecology clinic in the north of Lebanon, between September 2012 and January 2013. From these samples, 53 different isolates of vaginal lactobacilli were collected from vaginal swabs and identified using biochemical and molecular methods. The use of genotypic Rep-PCR fingerprinting allowed for the organization of these isolates into 23 different groups. Seven of the isolated lactobacilli were antagonistic against the following vaginal pathogens: Gardnerella vaginalis CIP7074T, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC33862, Escherichia coli CIP103982, and Candida albicans ATCC10231. The antagonistic lactobacilli strains were then identified using 16S rDNA sequence. The data of this study show that the antagonistic lactobacilli were non-hemolytic, sensitive to most antibiotic tests, free of plasmid DNA, and exhibited interesting hydrophobicity and autoaggregation properties positioning them as potential candidates for probiotic design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad Al Kassaa
- Laboratoire des Procédés Biologiques, Génie Enzymatique et Microbien (ProBioGEM), Cité Scientifique, avenue Paul Langevin. Bâtiment-Polytech Lille, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
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32
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Verdenelli M, Coman M, Cecchini C, Silvi S, Orpianesi C, Cresci A. Evaluation of antipathogenic activity and adherence properties of human Lactobacillus
strains for vaginal formulations. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 116:1297-307. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.C. Verdenelli
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnologies; University of Camerino; Camerino Italy
- Synbiotec S.r.l.; Spin-off of UNICAM; Camerino Italy
| | - M.M. Coman
- Synbiotec S.r.l.; Spin-off of UNICAM; Camerino Italy
- School of Advanced Studies; University of Camerino; Camerino Italy
| | - C. Cecchini
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnologies; University of Camerino; Camerino Italy
- Synbiotec S.r.l.; Spin-off of UNICAM; Camerino Italy
| | - S. Silvi
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnologies; University of Camerino; Camerino Italy
- Synbiotec S.r.l.; Spin-off of UNICAM; Camerino Italy
| | - C. Orpianesi
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnologies; University of Camerino; Camerino Italy
- Synbiotec S.r.l.; Spin-off of UNICAM; Camerino Italy
| | - A. Cresci
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnologies; University of Camerino; Camerino Italy
- Synbiotec S.r.l.; Spin-off of UNICAM; Camerino Italy
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33
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Sabia C, Anacarso I, Bergonzini A, Gargiulo R, Sarti M, Condò C, Messi P, de Niederhausern S, Iseppi R, Bondi M. Detection and partial characterization of a bacteriocin-like substance produced by Lactobacillus fermentum CS57 isolated from human vaginal secretions. Anaerobe 2014; 26:41-5. [PMID: 24462825 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacilli (150) from human vaginal secretions were tested for the production of antimicrobial substances which can provide a physiological defense against the pathogenic microorganisms in the vaginal area. Sixteen of the isolates (10.6%) showed antibacterial activity against one or several closely related microorganisms used as indicators. Lactobacillus fermentum CS57 was the best producer and secretes a bacteriocin-like substance (BLS) with antagonistic activity against Streptococcus agalactiae and Candida albicans. The compound was susceptible to the proteolytic enzymes and was heat labile. The mode of action was identified as bactericidal. The crude activity of the L. fermentum CS57 BLS was linked to a substance with a molecular weight larger than 30 kDa. Plasmid analysis of L. fermentum CS57 revealed the presence of a plasmid band with molecular weight of 54.7 kb. All L. fermentum CS57 non-producer variants (BLS-) obtained by curing experiments, showed loss of plasmid band and were susceptible to the BLS of the original strain. Therefore antimicrobial activity and immunity production seem to be linked to genes located on that same plasmid. Taking into account our results, L. fermentum CS57 could be considered a candidate for potential use as probiotic for the prophylaxis of vaginal human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Sabia
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Immacolata Anacarso
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Bergonzini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Raffaele Gargiulo
- Provincial Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, S. Agostino-Estense Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - Mario Sarti
- Provincial Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, S. Agostino-Estense Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - Carla Condò
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Patrizia Messi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Simona de Niederhausern
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Ramona Iseppi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Moreno Bondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
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34
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Pancheniak EDFR, Maziero MT, Rodriguez-León JA, Parada JL, Spier MR, Soccol CR. Molecular characterisation and biomass and metabolite production of Lactobacillus reuteri LPB P01-001: A potential probiotic. Braz J Microbiol 2012; 43:135-47. [PMID: 24031812 PMCID: PMC3768958 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220120001000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2010] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus reuteri LPB P01–001 was isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of wild swine and was characterised by biochemical testing and sequencing of gene 16S rRNA. A simple and low-cost culture medium based on cane sugar (2.5% p/v) and yeast extract (1% p/v) was used in the production of this probiotic. The fermentative conditions were a) pH control at 6.5 and b) no pH control; both were set at 37°C in a 12 L slightly stirred tank bioreactor. Fermentation parameters such as the specific growth rate, productivity and yield of biomass, lactic and acetic acid levels were determined. L. reuteri LPB P01–001 behaves as an aciduric bacteria because it grows better in a low pH medium without pH control. However, the lactic acid production yield was practically half (9.22 g.L-1) of that obtained under a constant pH of 6.5, which reached 30.5 g.L-1 after 28 hours of fermentation. The acetic acid production was also higher under pH-controlled fermentation, reaching 10.09 g.L-1after 28 hours of fermentation. These parameters may raise the interest of those committed to the efficient production of a probiotic agent for swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizete de F R Pancheniak
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Paraná , Curitiba, PR , Brasil
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