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Neira-Carrillo A, Zegers Arce T, Yazdani-Pedram M. Controlled Calcium Oxalate Crystals Obtained by Electrocrystallization on Electrospun Polycaprolactone Fibers Loaded with Zarzaparrilla ( Herreria stellata ). ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:17045-17053. [PMID: 38645337 PMCID: PMC11024939 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Calcium oxalate (CaOx) is known to grow on organic matrices and is often associated with the formation of kidney stones. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the nucleation and growth mechanisms. This study investigates the role of electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)-loaded zarzaparrilla (ZP) (Herreria stellata) in the electrocrystallization (EC) of CaOx. Electrospinning (ES) was used to prepare PCL meshes with random (R) and aligned (A) fiber orientations. CaOx particles were grown directly on conductive tin indium oxide (ITO) glass modified with electrospun ZP-loaded PCL meshes by EC. The CaOx crystals after EC were measured by chronopotentiometry (CP), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), which showed that the ZP additive and PCL fiber orientations are key factors for CaOx nucleation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrónico Neira-Carrillo
- Department
of Biological and Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal
Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, La Pintana, Santiago 1025000, Chile
| | - Tatiana Zegers Arce
- Department
of Biological and Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal
Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, La Pintana, Santiago 1025000, Chile
| | - Mehrdad Yazdani-Pedram
- Department
of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 1007, Independencia, Santiago 8380492, Chile
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Taheri H, Feizabadi MM, Keikha R, Afkari R. Therapeutic effects of probiotics and herbal medications on oxalate nephrolithiasis: a mini systematic review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2024; 16:4-18. [PMID: 38682062 PMCID: PMC11055440 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i1.14866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives The majority of all kidney stone cases are oxalate urolithiasis with a high risk of recurrence. Beside its widespread occurrence, kidney stones are characterized by severe complications and high treatment costs. Probiotics and herbal medications could be forthcoming therapeutic interventions in the management of oxalate kidney stones. Materials and Methods The PubMed/MEDLINE database was searched for keywords "Oxalobacter formigenes" AND "Oxalate" OR "oxalate degradation" AND "Lactobacillus" OR "Bifidobacterium" OR "recombinant Lactobacillus" OR "Bacillus subtilis", and "urolithiasis" AND "herbal extract". The search returned 253 results, 38 of which were included in the review. Results Most of the oxalate-degrading probiotics belong to the Oxalobacter formigenes, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacillus genus with a minimum dosage of 107 CFU in the form of capsules, sachets, and lyophilized powder. Oxalate concentration in media was 5-50mM with an incubation time ranging from 24h to 14 days. The majority of the studies suggested that probiotic supplementation might be useful for reducing urinary excretion of oxalate and urea and alleviation of stone formation. Different herbal extracts were used on murine models of nephrolithiasis (induced by 0.5-3% ethylene glycol) with reduction of renal inflammation and urinary parameters, and calcium oxalate crystals. Conclusion Several strains of probiotics and herbal extracts confer protective effects against kidney stone/nephrolithiasis, indicating their promising nature for being considered as elements of preventive / adjuvant therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Taheri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi
- Thoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Keikha
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Rouhi Afkari
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Tripathi D, Misra A, Chaudhary MK, Srivastava S. Evaluation of Coscinium fenestratum (Goetgh.) Colebr. stem extracts for urolithiasis and quantification of bioactive alkaloids to validate the traditional claims. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:2894-2899. [PMID: 36260052 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2134863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Coscinium fenestratum (Goetgh.) Colebr. is widely used for urinary disorders and kidney stones by ethnic communities in southern India. The species is documented in various ancient Indian Ayurvedic literatures having therapeutic use in 'Ashmari' i.e., urolithiasis. The present study aims at validation of in-vitro anti-urolithiatic potential of various extracts of C. fenestratum stem along with identification and quantification of major bioactive alkaloids, i.e., berberine and palmatine through HPTLC and LC-MS/MS. Water extract showed maximum anti-urolithiatic activity which on further kinetic analysis, showed concentration dependent inhibitory delay in nucleation and aggregation of calcium oxalate crystals. Berberine and palmatine were quantified with maximum content in methanolic extract (0.478 ± 0.003 and 0.0358 ± 0.001) followed by chloroform and petroleum ether extracts. The study validates ethnobotanical use of C. fenestratum as anti-urolithiatic agent. Further, species can also be explored as a substitute for Berberis spp. for the alkaloid metabolites i.e., berberine and palmatine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepali Tripathi
- Pharmacognosy Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Ankita Misra
- Pharmacognosy Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Mridul Kant Chaudhary
- Pharmacognosy Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Sharad Srivastava
- Pharmacognosy Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
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Huy RNA, Govindan R, Sivaramakumar N, Raman R, Jayaraman S, Basavan D, Palanisamy DS. Inhibition of calculi forming oxalate by dietary Basella rubra organs: Litholytic activity. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rajesh Raman
- JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, India
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Emiliani E, Jara A, Kanashiro AK. Phytotherapy and Herbal Medicines for Kidney Stones. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 22:22-30. [PMID: 32990535 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200929115555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney stones are one of the longest known and most common diseases in the urinary tract, with a prevalence that ranges from 1% to 20%. Many phytotherapeutic and herbal medicines have been described for the treatment and prevention of kidney stones. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive review of publications on various phytotherapeutic and herbal medicines, including both clinical and animal studies. RESULTS Phytotherapy may influence the risk of recurrence of calcium oxalate and uric acid stones. The most solid evidence relates to Phyllanthus niruri, one of the most studied phytotherapeutics; findings suggest that it interferes with calcium oxalate crystallization, reduces hyperoxaluria and hyperuricosuria, and increases the efficacy of shock wave lithotripsy due to reduced crystallization, without significant adverse effects. Theobromine has been shown to reduce the crystallization of uric acid in patients and appears to be a promising supplement to treat such stones. CONCLUSION Many phytotherapeutic and herbal agents have been studied for the treatment of urolithiasis, most of them only in a small number of patients or in animal models. Further randomized clinical trials are needed to evaluate the effects of these agents on kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Emiliani
- Department of Urology, Fundación puigvert. Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrian Jara
- Department of urology, Clinica Urologica Rubinstein. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andres Koey Kanashiro
- Department of Urology, Fundación puigvert. Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Yuan H, Zhang J, Yin X, Liu T, Yue X, Li C, Wang Y, Li D, Wang Q. The protective role of corilagin on renal calcium oxalate crystal-induced oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis via PPAR-γ and PI3K/Akt pathway in rats. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:1323-1331. [PMID: 33080078 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Kidney stones, also known as calcium oxalate (CaOx) nephrolithiasis, are often asymptomatic, leading to kidney injury and renal failure complications. Corilagin is a gallotannin found in various plants and is known to elicit various biological activities. The present study aimed to elucidate the renoprotective effect of corilagin against the rats' renal stones deposition. The rats were induced for nephrolithiasis (CaOx deposition) using 0.75% ethylene glycol in their drinking water. Then, they were treated with corilagin at 50 and 100 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were killed; blood and renal tissues were collected for various histological, biochemical, and gene expression analyses. The results demonstrated that the rats had renal calculi displaying a significant increase in serum creatinine (59.39 μmol/L) and blood urea nitrogen (19.03 mmol/L) levels compared with controls. Moreover, the malondialdehyde (13.29 nmol/mg) level was found to increase with a profound reduction in antioxidants' activities with upregulated inflammatory cytokines. In contrast, the RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated a substantial reduction in cell survival markers PPAR-γ and PI3K/Akt with an apparent increase in apoptosis markers genes expressions in rats suffering from renal stones. Thus, the present study results suggest that corilagin could suppress renal CaOx crystal-induced oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis via PPAR-γ and PI3K/Akt-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Yuan
- Department of Urology, Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaosong Yin
- Department of Urology, Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongwei Liu
- Department of Urology, Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Yue
- Department of Urology, Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuangui Li
- Department of Urology, Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding Li
- Department of Urology, Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Urology, Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, People's Republic of China
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De Bellis R, Piacentini MP, Meli MA, Mattioli M, Menotta M, Mari M, Valentini L, Palomba L, Desideri D, Chiarantini L. In vitro effects on calcium oxalate crystallization kinetics and crystal morphology of an aqueous extract from Ceterach officinarum: Analysis of a potential antilithiatic mechanism. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218734. [PMID: 31238335 PMCID: PMC6592703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceterach officinarum Willd is a plant widespread throughout Europe and used in southern Italy as a diuretic. Beliefs in the benefits of C. officinarum aqueous extract in the treatment of calcium oxalate kidney stones are widely held. Little is known, however, about the actual mechanism of its antilithiatic action. Our results in this in vitro study corroborate C. officinarum aqueous extract as a good source of antioxidants with a high antioxidant effects. Our results also demonstrate a major impact of C. officinarum aqueous extract on in vitro induced calcium oxalate crystallization kinetics and crystal morphology, showing its critical role in kidney stone formation and/or elimination. We show that progressively increasing doses of C. officinarum aqueous extract cause a sequence of effects. A powerful inhibitory action on calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) growth and aggregation is first observed. C. officinarum aqueous extract also appears highly effective in stimulating nucleation increasing the number and reducing the size of COM crystals, which become progressively thinner, rounded and concave in a dose-dependent manner. These shape-modified COM crystals are known to be less adherent to renal tubular cells and more easily excreted through the urinary tract preventing kidney stone formation. Further, C. officinarum aqueous extract promotes the formation of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) rather than the monohydrate so that, at the highest concentrations used, only COD crystals are observed, in significant greater numbers with a clear reduction in their size, in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, AFM analyses allowed us to reveal the presence of C. officinarum component(s) on the surfaces of COD and modified COM crystals. The crystal surface adsorbed component(s) are shown to be similarly active as the total aqueous extract, suggesting a trigger factor which may direct crystal modification towards COD forms. In urolithiasis pathogenesis COD crystals are less dangerous than the COM forms due to their lower affinity for renal tubular cells. Our results are important in understanding the mechanisms which guide the modification induced by C. officinarum on the crystallization process. Based on these data, together with no adverse toxic effect being observed on the in vitro model of human intestinal enterocytes, C. officinarum aqueous extract could represent an attractive natural therapy for the treatment of urolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta De Bellis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Maria Assunta Meli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Michele Mattioli
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Michele Menotta
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Michele Mari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Laura Valentini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Letizia Palomba
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Donatella Desideri
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Laura Chiarantini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
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Cota D, Mishra S, Shengule S. Beneficial role of Terminalia arjuna hydro-alcoholic extract in colitis and its possible mechanism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 230:117-125. [PMID: 30367989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Terminalia arjuna Roxb. (Combretaceae) is traditionally used in Ayurveda medicine and holds ethnomedicinal importance for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. In view of its anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal and antioxidant potential, it could be beneficial for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is associated with interaction between genetic, environmental factors and intestinal microbiome leading to dysregulated immune responses. This study evaluates the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna bark (TAHA) in trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) model of rat colitis which resembles human IBD. MATERIALS AND METHODS TAHA (500, 250, 125 mg/kg) was administered orally for 28 days in TNBS induced rats. Response to treatment was assessed by comparing observations in diseased and treated groups using disease activity index (DAI); macroscopic/histological damage; determining oxidative stress indicators: myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione; gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and chemokine: MCP-1. Furthermore, the role of TAHA in altering the gut microbiota profile in rat feces and plasma zinc was also studied. RESULTS TAHA treatment in colitic rats directed decreased DAI scores, macroscopic and histologic damage. It also reduced myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide level. Whereas, prevented depletion of plasma catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione level. In addition, TAHA treatment down-regulated the gene expression of pro-inflammatory mediators and displayed altered beneficial effect on fecal microbiota. Furthermore, enhanced plasma zinc level supported the beneficial effect of TAHA in colitic rats. The dose of TAHA that produced most significant beneficial effect was 500 mg/kg. CONCLUSION TAHA administration relieved the disease activity in TNBS induced colitis by reducing expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokine, decreasing oxidative stress, and improving plasma zinc level and structure of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damita Cota
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Center, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KLE University), Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India.
| | - Sanjay Mishra
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Center, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KLE University), Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India.
| | - Sushant Shengule
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Center, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KLE University), Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India.
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Mittal A, Tandon S, Singla SK, Tandon C. Modulation of lithiatic injury to renal epithelial cells by aqueous extract of Terminalia arjuna. J Herb Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mittal A, Tandon S, Singla SK, Tandon C. Cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic role of Terminalia arjuna on oxalate injured renal epithelial cells. Cytotechnology 2017; 69:349-358. [PMID: 28181139 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Urolithiasis is one of the painful multifactorial disorders caused by metabolic abnormalities influencing the composition of body fluids and urine. The bark of Terminalia arjuna (T. arjuna), very well known in Ayurveda for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, possesses antioxidant and diuretic activity. The present study was undertaken to investigate the antiurolithiatic efficacy of aqueous extract of bark of T. arjuna on oxalate-induced injury to renal tubular epithelial cells. Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells were exposed to 2 mM oxalate for 48 h to evaluate the protective effect of T. arjuna aqueous extract on cell viability, CaOx crystal adherence and apoptotic changes caused by oxalate. The results confirmed that oxalate injured MDCK cells were protected by T. arjuna extract. On treatment with a range concentrations, the cell viability increased in a concentration dependent manner. Moreover, the extract prevented the interaction of the calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals with the cell surface and reduced the number of apoptotic cells. The current data suggests that T. arjuna bark confers a cytoprotective role and based on our results it could be a potential candidate from natural plant sources against urolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amisha Mittal
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173234, India
| | - Simran Tandon
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, U.P., 201313, India
| | | | - Chanderdeep Tandon
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector - 125, Noida, U.P., 201313, India.
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Mittal A, Tandon S, Singla SK, Tandon C. Mechanistic Insights into the Antilithiatic Proteins from Terminalia arjuna: A Proteomic Approach in Urolithiasis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162600. [PMID: 27649531 PMCID: PMC5029924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney stone formation during hyperoxaluric condition is inherently dependent on the interaction between renal epithelial cells and calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals. Although modern medicine has progressed in terms of removal of these stones, recurrence and persistent side effects restricts their use. Strategies involving plant based agents which could be used as adjunct therapy is an area which needs to be explored. Plant proteins having antilithiatic activity is a hitherto unexplored area and therefore, we conducted a detailed identification and characterization of antilithiatic proteins from Terminalia arjuna (T. arjuna). Proteins were isolated from the dried bark of T. arjuna and those having molecular weights > 3 kDa were subjected to anion exchange chromatography followed by gel filtration chromatography. Four proteins were identified exhibiting inhibitory activity against CaOx crystallization and crystal growth kinetics The cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic efficacy of these purified proteins was further investigated on oxalate injured renal epithelial cells (MDCK and NRK-52E) wherein, injury due to oxalate was significantly attenuated and led to a dose dependent increase in viability of these cells. These proteins also prevented the interaction of the CaOx crystals to the cell surface and reduced the number of apoptotic cells. Identification of these 4 anionic proteins from the bark of T. arjuna was carried out by Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight Mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). This was followed by database search with the MASCOT server and sequence similarity was found with Nuclear pore anchor, DEAD Box ATP-dependent RNA helicase 45, Lon protease homolog 1 and Heat shock protein 90–3. These novel proteins isolated from T. arjuna have the potential to inhibit CaOx crystallization and promote cell survival and therefore, offer novel avenues which need to be explored further for the medical management of urolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amisha Mittal
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Simran Tandon
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Chanderdeep Tandon
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- * E-mail:
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