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Chen H, Li K, Qin Y, Zhou J, Li T, Qian L, Yang C, Ji X, Wu D. Recent advances in the role of endogenous hydrogen sulphide in cancer cells. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13449. [PMID: 36929586 PMCID: PMC10472536 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) is a gaseous neurotransmitter that can be self-synthesized by living organisms. With the deepening of research, the pathophysiological mechanisms of endogenous H2 S in cancer have been increasingly elucidated: (1) promote angiogenesis, (2) stimulate cell bioenergetics, (3) promote migration and proliferation thereby invasion, (4) inhibit apoptosis and (5) activate abnormal cell cycle. However, the increasing H2 S levels via exogenous sources show the opposite trend. This phenomenon can be explained by the bell-shaped pharmacological model of H2 S, that is, the production of endogenous (low concentration) H2 S promotes tumour growth while the exogenous (high concentration) H2 S inhibits tumour growth. Here, we review the impact of endogenous H2 S synthesis and metabolism on tumour progression, summarize the mechanism of action of H2 S in tumour growth, and discuss the possibility of H2 S as a potential target for tumour treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao‐Jie Chen
- School of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
| | - Ke Li
- School of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
| | - Yang‐Zhe Qin
- School of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
| | - Jing‐Jing Zhou
- School of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
| | - Lei Qian
- School of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
| | - Chang‐Yong Yang
- School of Nursing and HealthHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
| | - Xin‐Ying Ji
- School of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infection and Biological Safety, School of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
| | - Dong‐Dong Wu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
- School of StomatologyHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
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2
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Rahman MR, Islam T, Shahjaman M, Islam MR, Lombardo SD, Bramanti P, Ciurleo R, Bramanti A, Tchorbanov A, Fisicaro F, Fagone P, Nicoletti F, Pennisi M. Discovering common pathogenetic processes between COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus by differential gene expression pattern analysis. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:bbab262. [PMID: 34260684 PMCID: PMC8344483 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the newly discovered coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. Increased severity of COVID-19 has been observed in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to identify common transcriptional signatures, regulators and pathways between COVID-19 and DM. We have integrated human whole-genome transcriptomic datasets from COVID-19 and DM, followed by functional assessment with gene ontology (GO) and pathway analyses. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), among the upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 32 were found to be commonly modulated in COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes (T2D), while 10 DEGs were commonly downregulated. As regards type 1 diabetes (T1D), 21 DEGs were commonly upregulated, and 29 DEGs were commonly downregulated in COVID-19 and T1D. Moreover, 35 DEGs were commonly upregulated in SARS-CoV-2 infected pancreas organoids and T2D islets, while 14 were commonly downregulated. Several GO terms were found in common between COVID-19 and DM. Prediction of the putative transcription factors involved in the upregulation of genes in COVID-19 and DM identified RELA to be implicated in both PBMCs and pancreas. Here, for the first time, we have characterized the biological processes and pathways commonly dysregulated in COVID-19 and DM, which could be in the next future used for the design of personalized treatment of COVID-19 patients suffering from DM as comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rezanur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Khwaja Yunus Ali University, Enayetpur, Sirajganj, Bangladesh
| | - Tania Islam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahjaman
- Department of Statistics, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rafiqul Islam
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Salvo Danilo Lombardo
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosella Ciurleo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessia Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Andrey Tchorbanov
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Microbiology , Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
- National Institute of Immunology, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Francesco Fisicaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania CT, Italy
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania CT, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania CT, Italy
| | - Manuela Pennisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania CT, Italy
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3
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Li M, Liu Y, Deng Y, Pan L, Fu H, Han X, Li Y, Shi H, Wang T. Therapeutic potential of endogenous hydrogen sulfide inhibition in breast cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2021; 45:68. [PMID: 33760221 PMCID: PMC8020202 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the third gas signal molecule, is associated with the modulation of various physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies have reevealed that endogenous H2S may promote proliferation, induce angiogenesis and inhibit apoptosis, thereby stimulating oncogenesis. Conversely, decreased endogenous H2S release suppresses growth of various tumors including breast cancer. This observation suggests an alternative tumor therapy strategy by inhibiting H2S-producing enzymes to reduce the release of endogenous H2S. Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women. Due to the lack of approved targeted therapy, its recurrence and metastasis still affect its clinical treatment. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the control of breast cancer by using inhibitors on H2S-producing enzymes. This review summarized the roles of endogenous H2S-producing enzymes in breast cancer and the effects of the enzyme inhibitors on anticancer and anti-metastasis, with the aim of providing new insights for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
| | - Ya Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
| | - Yuying Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
| | - Limin Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
| | - Han Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
| | - Xue Han
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
| | - Yuxi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
| | - Haimei Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
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4
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Rahman MR, Islam T, Nicoletti F, Petralia MC, Ciurleo R, Fisicaro F, Pennisi M, Bramanti A, Demirtas TY, Gov E, Islam MR, Mussa BM, Moni MA, Fagone P. Identification of Common Pathogenetic Processes between Schizophrenia and Diabetes Mellitus by Systems Biology Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020237. [PMID: 33562405 PMCID: PMC7916024 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by both positive symptoms (i.e., psychosis) and negative symptoms (such as apathy, anhedonia, and poverty of speech). Epidemiological data show a high likelihood of early onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in SCZ patients. However, the molecular processes that could explain the epidemiological association between SCZ and T2DM have not yet been characterized. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to identify underlying common molecular pathogenetic processes and pathways between SCZ and T2DM. To this aim, we analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) transcriptomic data from SCZ and T2DM patients, and we detected 28 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) commonly modulated between SCZ and T2DM. Inflammatory-associated processes and membrane trafficking pathways as common biological processes were found to be in common between SCZ and T2DM. Analysis of the putative transcription factors involved in the regulation of the DEGs revealed that STAT1 (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1), RELA (v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)), NFKB1 (Nuclear Factor Kappa B Subunit 1), and ERG (ETS-related gene) are involved in the expression of common DEGs in SCZ and T2DM. In conclusion, we provide core molecular signatures and pathways that are shared between SCZ and T2DM, which may contribute to the epidemiological association between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rezanur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh;
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Khwaja Yunus Ali University, Enayetpur, Sirajganj 6751, Bangladesh;
| | - Tania Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Khwaja Yunus Ali University, Enayetpur, Sirajganj 6751, Bangladesh;
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.F.); (M.P.); (P.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Cristina Petralia
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (M.C.P.); (R.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Rosella Ciurleo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (M.C.P.); (R.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Francesco Fisicaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.F.); (M.P.); (P.F.)
| | - Manuela Pennisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.F.); (M.P.); (P.F.)
| | - Alessia Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (M.C.P.); (R.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Talip Yasir Demirtas
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana 01250, Turkey; (T.Y.D.); (E.G.)
| | - Esra Gov
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana 01250, Turkey; (T.Y.D.); (E.G.)
| | - Md Rafiqul Islam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia;
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Bashair M. Mussa
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- WHO Collaborating Centre on eHealth, UNSW Digital Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.F.); (M.P.); (P.F.)
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5
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Lombardo SD, Bramanti A, Ciurleo R, Basile MS, Pennisi M, Bella R, Mangano K, Bramanti P, Nicoletti F, Fagone P. Profiling of inhibitory immune checkpoints in glioblastoma: Potential pathogenetic players. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:332. [PMID: 33123243 PMCID: PMC7583708 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) represents the most frequent glial tumor, with almost 3 new cases per 100,000 people per year. Despite treatment, the prognosis for GBM patients remains extremely poor, with a median survival of 14.6 months, and a 5-year survival less than 5%. It is generally believed that GBM creates a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment, sustained by the expression of immune-regulatory factors, including inhibitory immune checkpoints, on both infiltrating cells and tumor cells. However, the trials assessing the efficacy of current immune checkpoint inhibitors in GBM are still disappointing. In the present study, the expression levels of several inhibitory immune checkpoints in GBM (CD276, VTCN1, CD47, PVR, TNFRSF14, CD200, LGALS9, NECTIN2 and CD48) were characterized in order to evaluate their potential as prognostic and eventually, therapeutic targets. Among the investigated immune checkpoints, TNFRSF14 and NECTIN2 were identified as the most promising targets in GBM. In particular, a higher TNFRSF14 expression was associated with worse overall survival and disease-free survival, and with a lower Th1 response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvo Danilo Lombardo
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Rosella Ciurleo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, I-98124 Messina, Italy
| | | | - Manuela Pennisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Rita Bella
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
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6
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Cavalli E, Petralia MC, Basile MS, Bramanti A, Bramanti P, Nicoletti F, Spandidos DA, Shoenfeld Y, Fagone P. Transcriptomic analysis of COVID‑19 lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples reveals predominant B cell activation responses to infection. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1266-1273. [PMID: 32945352 PMCID: PMC7447313 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of the 2019 coronavirus disease (named, COVID‑19), caused by the novel SARS‑CoV‑2 virus, represents a worldwide severe threat to public health. It is of the utmost importance to characterize the immune responses against the SARS‑CoV‑2 and the mechanisms of hyperinflammation, in order to design better therapeutic strategies for COVID‑19. In the present study, a transcriptomic analysis was performed to profile the immune signatures in lung and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from COVID‑19 patients and controls. Our data concordantly revealed increased humoral responses to infection. The elucidation of the host responses to SARS‑CoV‑2 infection may further improve our understanding of COVID‑19 pathogenesis and suggest better therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Cavalli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania
| | - Maria Cristina Petralia
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania
| | - Maria Sofia Basile
- IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare) Centro Neurolesi 'Bonino-Pulejo', I-98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessia Bramanti
- IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare) Centro Neurolesi 'Bonino-Pulejo', I-98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare) Centro Neurolesi 'Bonino-Pulejo', I-98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center (Affiliated to Tel-Aviv University), Tel-Hashomer 5265601, Israel
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania
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Pesce A, Ciurleo R, Bramanti A, Armeli Iapichino EC, Petralia MC, Magro GG, Fagone P, Bramanti P, Nicoletti F, Mangano K. Effects of Combined Admistration of Imatinib and Sorafenib in a Murine Model of Liver Fibrosis. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184310. [PMID: 32962198 PMCID: PMC7571085 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is defined as excessive extracellular matrix deposition in the hepatic parenchyma as a consequence of complex interactions among matrix-producing hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and liver-resident and infiltrating cells. In addition to the liver, the process of fibrosis may represent end-stage disease of several diseases including kidneys, lungs, spleens, heart, muscles and at certain extent, the central nervous system and the peripheral nerves. To date, antifibrotic treatment of fibrosis represents an unconquered area for drug development. The aim of the present study was to test the efficacy of a new drug combination for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis in order to provide a proof-of-concept for the use of therapeutic agents in clinical practice. For this purpose, we have studied the effects of the PDGF inhibitor imatinib and the angiogenesis inhibitor sorafenib, administered alone or in combination, in reducing the progression of the fibrogenetic process in a pre-clinical model of liver damage induced in mice by repeated administration of Concanavalin A (ConA), resembling long-tern autoimmune hepatitis. Our results suggest that treatments with imatinib and sorafenib can modulate potently and, in a superimposable fashion, the fibrinogenic process when administered alone. However, and in agreement with the computational data presently generated, they only exert partial overlapping antifibrotic effects in modulating the main pathways involved in the process of liver fibrosis, without significant additive or synergist effects, when administered in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pesce
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 86, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.P.); (G.G.M.)
| | - Rosella Ciurleo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (P.B.)
| | - Alessia Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (P.B.)
| | | | - Maria Cristina Petralia
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.P.); (P.F.); (K.M.)
| | - Gaetano Giuseppe Magro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 86, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.P.); (G.G.M.)
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.P.); (P.F.); (K.M.)
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (P.B.)
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.P.); (P.F.); (K.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.P.); (P.F.); (K.M.)
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8
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Lazarević M, Battaglia G, Jevtić B, Đedović N, Bruno V, Cavalli E, Miljković Đ, Nicoletti F, Momčilović M, Fagone P. Upregulation of Tolerogenic Pathways by the Hydrogen Sulfide Donor GYY4137 and Impaired Expression of H 2S-Producing Enzymes in Multiple Sclerosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E608. [PMID: 32664399 PMCID: PMC7402185 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the in vitro effects of the slow-releasing H2S donor GYY4137 on the immune cells involved in the pathogenesis of the central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disease, multiple sclerosis (MS). GYY4137 specifically potentiated TGF-β expression and production in dendritic cells and significantly reduced IFN-γ and IL-17 production in the lymph node and spinal cord T cells obtained from mice immunized with CNS antigens. Both the proportion of FoxP3+ regulatory CD4+ T cells in the lymph node cells, and the percentage of IL-17+ CD4+ T cells in the spinal cord cells were reduced upon culturing with GYY4137. Interestingly, the peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from the MS patients had a lower expression of the H2S-producing enzyme, 3-mercaptopyruvate-sulfurtransferase (MPST), in comparison to those obtained from healthy donors. A significant inverse correlation between the expression of MPST and several pro-inflammatory factors was also observed. Further studies on the relevance of the observed results for the pathogenesis and therapy of MS are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Lazarević
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Piazzale A. Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Bojan Jevtić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Neda Đedović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Valeria Bruno
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Piazzale A. Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Eugenio Cavalli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Đorđe Miljković
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Miljana Momčilović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Han J, Tang Y, Zhong M, Wu W. Antitumor effects and mechanisms of 1,25(OH)2D3 in the Pfeiffer diffuse large B lymphoma cell line. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:5064-5074. [PMID: 31638226 PMCID: PMC6854594 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) represents the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in China. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] has been shown to possess significant antitumor potential and is degraded by 25-hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1). In the present study, the role of CYP24A1 and autophagy, and their underlying mechanisms in the anticancer effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 in DLBCL cells, were investigated. It was found that the levels of CYP24A1 in DLBCL lymph node tissues were higher than in hyperplasia lymphadenitis tissue. Moreover, the expression of CYP24A1 was positively associated with the Ann Arbor stage and the International Prognostic Index in patients with DLBCL, and negatively associated with the clinical response to treatment. Patients >60 years of age were found to have a higher level of CYP24A1. 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited the proliferation of the Pfeiffer DLBCL cell line and increased the G1 phase population of Pfeiffer cells. Rapamycin (RAPA) in combination with 1,25(OH)2D3 increased the G1 phase distribution of Pfeiffer cells. Furthermore, RAPA blocked the increase of CYP24A1 and vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression induced by 1,25(OH)2D3. 1,25(OH)2D3 induced the formation of autophagosomes, increased the expression of autophagy related protein light chain (LC)3II/LC3I and reduced the expression of the ubiquitin binding protein P62. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 decreased the phosphorylation of AKT and mammalian target of RAPA (mTOR), and downstream targets eukaryotic translation imitation factor 4E-binding protein 1 and ribosomal protein S6 kinase β-1 in Pfeiffer cells. The results from the present study suggested that CYP24A1 may be a novel prognostic indicator for DLBCL. 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited proliferation and induced autophagy of Pfeiffer cells. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 increased the G1 phase population of Pfeiffer cells. These effects may be mediated by inhibition of the AKT/mTOR/PI3K signaling pathway. RAPA increased the cell cycle arrest induced by 1,25(OH)2D3 by blocking the upregulated expression of CYP24A1 and VDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yonghong Tang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Meizuo Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Wenlin Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
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10
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Cavalli E, Mazzon E, Mammana S, Basile MS, Lombardo SD, Mangano K, Bramanti P, Nicoletti F, Fagone P, Petralia MC. Overexpression of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor and Its Homologue D-Dopachrome Tautomerase as Negative Prognostic Factor in Neuroblastoma. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9100284. [PMID: 31635049 PMCID: PMC6826588 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9100284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) represents one of the most frequent pediatric solid tumors. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a cytokine exerting multiple biological functions. More recently, a second member of the MIF family of cytokine has been identified, the D-dopachrome tautomerase (DDT), that exerts several overlapping functions with MIF. Growing evidence suggests a key role for MIF and DDT in the development of cancer. The aim of this study is to characterize the prognostic value of MIF and DDT in NB. We show that higher expression levels of MIF and DDT in Stage 4 NB samples are associated with a poorer prognosis, independently of the presence of MYCN amplification. Moreover, higher levels of MIF are mostly enriched by Th1 cells, while lower levels of MIF are associated with an increased proportion of B cells, Cytotoxic T cells, Dendritic cells and Natural Killer T cells. We also show that treatment with the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, vorinostat, of the NB cell line, SH-SY5Y, determines a significant reduction in the expression of both MIF and DDT. Finally, MIF and DDT inhibition by short interfering RNA is able to revert vincristine sensitivity in vitro. Overall, our data suggest that MIF exert pro-tumorigenic properties in NB, likely by dampening antigen presentation and cytotoxic immune responses, and we propose the HDAC inhibitors as a potential therapeutic strategy for NB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Cavalli
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Santa Mammana
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Maria Sofia Basile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Salvo Danilo Lombardo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
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11
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Kamm A, Przychodzen P, Kuban-Jankowska A, Jacewicz D, Dabrowska AM, Nussberger S, Wozniak M, Gorska-Ponikowska M. Nitric oxide and its derivatives in the cancer battlefield. Nitric Oxide 2019; 93:102-114. [PMID: 31541733 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of reactive nitrogen species, alteration in redox balance and deregulated redox signaling are common hallmarks of cancer progression and chemoresistance. However, depending on the cellular context, distinct reactive nitrogen species are also hypothesized to mediate cytotoxic activity and are thus used in anticancer therapies. We present here the dual face of nitric oxide and its derivatives in cancer biology. Main derivatives of nitric oxide, such as nitrogen dioxide and peroxynitrite cause cell death by inducing protein and lipid peroxidation and/or DNA damage. Moreover, they control the activity of important protein players within the pro- and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways. Thus, the control of intracellular reactive nitrogen species may become a sophisticated tool in anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kamm
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Paulina Przychodzen
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Alicja Kuban-Jankowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | | | - Stephan Nussberger
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michal Wozniak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Gorska-Ponikowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland; Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany; Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy.
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12
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Paskaš S, Krajnović T, Basile MS, Dunđerović D, Cavalli E, Mangano K, Mammana S, Al-Abed Y, Nicoletti F, Mijatović S, Maksimović-Ivanić D. Senescence as a main mechanism of Ritonavir and Ritonavir-NO action against melanoma. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1362-1375. [PMID: 30997718 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The main focus of this study is exploring the effect and mechanism of two HIV-protease inhibitors: Ritonavir and Ritonavir-nitric oxide (Ritonavir-NO) on in vitro growth of melanoma cell lines. NO modification significantly improved the antitumor potential of Ritonavir, as the IC50 values of Ritonavir-NO were approximately two times lower than IC50 values of the parental compound. Our results showed for the first time, that both compounds induced senescence in primary and metastatic melanoma cell lines. This transformation was manifested as a change in cell morphology, enlargement of nuclei, increased cellular granulation, upregulation of β-galactosidase activity, lipofuscin granules appearance, higher production of reactive oxygen species and persistent inhibition of proliferation. The expression of p53, as one of the key regulators of senescence, was upregulated after 48 hours of Ritonavir-NO treatment only in metastatic B16F10 cells, ranking it as a late-response event. The development of senescent phenotype was consistent with the alteration of the cytoskeleton-as we observed diminished expression of vinculin, α-actin, and β-tubulin. Permanent inhibition of S6 protein by Ritonavir-NO, but not Ritonavir, could be responsible for a stronger antiproliferative potential of the NO-modified compound. Taken together, induction of senescent phenotype may provide an excellent platform for developing therapeutic approaches based on selective killing of senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Paskaš
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Krajnović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maria S Basile
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia.,Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Duško Dunđerović
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Eugenio Cavalli
- Department of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Messina, Italy
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Santa Mammana
- Department of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Messina, Italy
| | - Yousef Al-Abed
- Center for Molecular Innovation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Maksimović-Ivanić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
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13
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Gaseous signaling molecules and their application in resistant cancer treatment: from invisible to visible. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:323-336. [PMID: 30802141 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer remains a critical obstacle for efficient chemotherapy. Many MDR reversal agents have been discovered but failed in clinical trials due to severe toxic effects. Gaseous signaling molecules (GSMs), such as oxygen, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide, play key roles in regulating cell biological function and MDR. Compared with other toxic chemosensitizing agents, GSMs are endogenous and biocompatible molecules with little side effects. Research show that GSM modulators, including pharmaceutical formulations of GSMs (combined with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs) and GSM-donors (small molecules with GSMs releasing property), can overcome or reverse MDR. This review discusses the roles of these four GSMs in modulating MDR, and summarizes GSMs modulators in treating cancers with drug resistance.
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14
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Lopinavir-NO, a nitric oxide-releasing HIV protease inhibitor, suppresses the growth of melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Invest New Drugs 2019; 37:1014-1028. [PMID: 30706336 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00733-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We generated a nitric oxide (NO)-releasing derivative of the anti-HIV protease inhibitor lopinavir by linking the NO moiety to the parental drug. We investigated the effects of lopinavir and its derivative lopinavir-NO on melanoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Lopinavir-NO exhibited a twofold stronger anticancer action than lopinavir in vitro. These results were successfully translated into syngeneic models of melanoma in vivo, where a significant reduction in tumour volume was observed only in animals treated with lopinavir-NO. Both lopinavir and lopinavir-NO inhibited cell proliferation and induced the trans-differentiation of melanoma cells to Schwann-like cells. In melanoma cancer cell lines, both lopinavir and lopinavir-NO induced morphological changes, minor apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, caspase activation and autophagy were detected only in B16 cells, indicating a cell line-specific treatment response. Lopinavir-NO released NO intracellularly, and NO neutralization restored cell viability. Treatment with lopinavir-NO induced only a transient activation of Akt and inhibition of P70S6 kinase. The results of this study identify lopinavir-NO as a promising candidate for further clinical trials in melanoma and possibly other solid tumours.
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15
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Zubiaur P, Saiz-Rodríguez M, Koller D, Ovejero-Benito MC, Wojnicz A, Abad-Santos F. How to make P-glycoprotein (ABCB1, MDR1) harbor mutations and measure its expression and activity in cell cultures? Pharmacogenomics 2018; 19:1285-1297. [PMID: 30334473 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2018-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Several polymorphisms have been identified in ABCB1, the gene encoding for the P-glycoprotein. This transporter alters the pharmacokinetics or effectiveness of drugs by excreting them from cells where it is expressed (e.g., blood-brain barrier, intestine or tumors). No consensus has been reached regarding the functional consequences of these polymorphisms in the transporter's function. The aim of this review was to describe a methodology that allows the assessment of P-gp function when harboring polymorphisms. We describe how to obtain cell lines with high expression levels of the transporter with polymorphisms and several tactics to measure its expression and activity. This methodology may help elucidate the contribution of polymorphisms in ABCB1 to drug pharmacokinetics, effectiveness and safety or to cancer chemotherapy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Zubiaur
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Saiz-Rodríguez
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dora Koller
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Carmen Ovejero-Benito
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aneta Wojnicz
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Abad-Santos
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain.,UICEC Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Plataforma SCReN (Spanish Clinical Reseach Network), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Anticancer and Differentiation Properties of the Nitric Oxide Derivative of Lopinavir in Human Glioblastoma Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102463. [PMID: 30261624 PMCID: PMC6222694 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent and deadly form of primary malignant brain tumor among adults. A promising emerging approach for GBM treatment may be offered from HIV protease inhibitors (HIV-PIs). In fact, in addition to their primary pharmacological activity in the treatment of HIV infection, they possess important anti-neoplastic effects. According to previous studies, the addition of a nitric oxide (NO) donating group to parental compounds can reduce their toxicity and enhance the anticancer action of various compounds, including HIV-PIs. In this study we compared the effects of the HIV-PI Lopinavir (Lopi) and of its NO-derivative Lopinavir-NO (Lopi-NO) on the in vitro growth of LN-229 and U-251 human GBM cell lines. Lopi-NO reduced the viability of LN-229 and U-251 cells at significantly lower concentrations than the parental drug. In particular, Lopi-NO inhibited tumor cell proliferation and induced the differentiation of U-251 cells toward an astrocyte-like phenotype without triggering significant cell death in both cell types. The anticancer effect of Lopi-NO was persistent even upon drug removal. Furthermore, Lopi-NO induced strong autophagy that did not appear to be related to its chemotherapeutic action. Overall, our results suggest that Lopi-NO could be a potential effective anticancer drug for GBM treatment.
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17
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Fagone P, Mazzon E, Bramanti P, Bendtzen K, Nicoletti F. Gasotransmitters and the immune system: Mode of action and novel therapeutic targets. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 834:92-102. [PMID: 30016662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gasotransmitters are a group of gaseous molecules, with pleiotropic biological functions. These molecules include nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and carbon monoxide (CO). Abnormal production and metabolism of these molecules have been observed in several pathological conditions. The understanding of the role of gasotransmitters in the immune system has grown significantly in the past years, and independent studies have shed light on the effect of exogenous and endogenous gasotransmitters on immune responses. Moreover, encouraging results come from the efficacy of NO-, CO- and H2S -donors in preclinical animal models of autoimmune, acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. To date, data on the influence of gasotransmitters in immunity and immunopathology are often scattered and partial, and the scarcity of clinical trials using NO-, CO- and H2S -donors, reveals that more effort is warranted. This review focuses on the role of gasotransmitters in the immune system and covers the evidences on the possible use of gasotransmitters for the treatment of inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Stada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Stada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Klaus Bendtzen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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18
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Seabra AB, Durán N. Nitric oxide donors for prostate and bladder cancers: Current state and challenges. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 826:158-168. [PMID: 29501865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenous molecule that plays pivotal physiological and pathophysiological roles, particularly in cancer biology. Generally, low concentrations of NO (pico- to nanomolar range) lead to tumor promotion. In contrast, high NO concentrations (micromolar range) have pro-apoptotic functions, leading to tumor suppression, and in this case, NO is involved in immune surveillance. Under oxidative stress, inducible NO synthase (iNOS) produces high NO concentrations for antineoplastic activities. Prostate and bladder cancers are the most commonly detected cancers in men, and are related to cancer death in males. This review summarizes the state of the art of NO/NO donors in combating prostate and bladder cancers, highlighting the importance of NO donors in cancer treatment, and the limitations and challenges to be overcome. In addition, the combination of NO donors with classical therapies (radio- or chemotherapy) in the treatment of prostate and bladder cancers is also presented and discussed. The combination of NO donors with conventional anticancer drugs is reported to inhibit tumor growth, since NO is able to sensitize tumor cells, enhancing the efficacy of the traditional drugs. Although important progress has been made, more studies are still necessary to definitely translate the administration of NO donors to clinical sets. The purpose of this review is to inspire new avenues in this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amedea B Seabra
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil; NanoBioss Lab., Chemistry Institute, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Nanomedicine Research Unit (NANOMED), Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
| | - Nelson Durán
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil; NanoBioss Lab., Chemistry Institute, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Nanomedicine Research Unit (NANOMED), Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil; Chemistry Institute, Biol. Chem. Lab., Universidade Estadual de Campinas, CP 6154, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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19
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Zhang L, Rong Y, Zheng J, Yang C, Chen Y, Wang J, Wei G. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel nitric oxide-donating podophyllotoxin derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents against multi-drug resistant leukemia cells. RSC Adv 2018; 8:34266-34274. [PMID: 35548612 PMCID: PMC9087117 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06360e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance remains a major obstacle for the effective treatment of carcinoma. To find new drugs for the chemotherapy of drug-resistant leukemia, in this study, two novel nitric oxide-donating podophyllotoxin derivatives were synthesized and preliminarily evaluated in vitro. Biological evaluation indicated that the more active molecule, S1, enhanced the intracellular NO level and significantly inhibited the proliferation of drug-resistant K562/VCR and K562/ADR cells with IC50 values of 0.008 ± 0.001 and 0.007 ± 0.001 μM, respectively, which were similar to that of sensitive K562 cells. Furthermore, it was observed that S1 blocked the G2 phase of the K562/ADR cell cycle by disruption of the microtubule organization and inhibition of CDK1 and CDK2 expression. Meanwhile, S1 induced apoptosis of K562/ADR cells via mitochondrial depolarization and activation of caspase-3. In addition, S1 suppressed the P-gp expression, induced autophagy by regulation of Beclin1 and LC3-II, and inhibited the mTOR and STAT3 signaling in K562/ADR cells. Overall, S1 may be a promising candidate against drug-resistant leukemia. Conjugate S1 exhibited potential antiproliferative activity against multi-drug resistant leukemia cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563003
| | - Ying Rong
- Second Department of Pediatrics
- Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563003
- PR China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Nephrology & Rheumatology
- Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563003
- PR China
| | - Chengli Yang
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563003
| | - Yongzheng Chen
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563003
| | - Jing Wang
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563003
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20
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Burke AJ, Garrido P, Johnson C, Sullivan FJ, Glynn SA. Inflammation and Nitrosative Stress Effects in Ovarian and Prostate Pathology and Carcinogenesis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:1078-1090. [PMID: 28326819 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Prostate and ovarian cancers are major contributors to cancer-related deaths worldwide. Recently, inflammation and nitrosative stress have been implicated in carcinogenesis, with the overexpression of NOS2 and concomitant release of nitric oxide (NO) associated with cancer initiation and progression. Recent Advances: An increasing body of evidence indicates an association between NOS2 expression and aggressive ovarian cancer. Research also indicates a role for NO in prostate disease pathology and prostate cancer. A therapeutic role for NOS2 inhibition and/or NO drugs exists for the treatment of both ovarian and prostate tumors. CRITICAL ISSUES Herein, we review the key molecular effects associated with NOS2 in ovarian and prostate cancer. NOS2 increases angiogenesis and tumor proliferation and correlates with aggressive type II ovarian tumors. NOS2 expressing tumors are sensitive to cisplatin chemotherapy, and NO may be used to sensitize cisplatin-resistant tumors to chemotherapy. NOS2 is highly expressed in prostate tumors compared to non-neoplastic prostate pathologies. NO may play a role in the development of androgen-independent prostate cancer via s-nitrosylation of the androgen receptor. Moreover, NOS2 inhibitors and NO donor drugs show therapeutic potential in ovarian and prostate cancer as single agents or dual drugs, by either inhibiting the effects of NOS2 or increasing NO levels to induce cytotoxic effects. FUTURE DIRECTIONS NOS2 and NO present new targets for the treatment of ovarian and prostate tumors. Furthermore, understanding NO-related tumor biology in these cancers presents a new means for improved patient stratification to the appropriate treatment regimen. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 1078-1090.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Burke
- 1 Prostate Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway , Galway, Ireland
| | - Pablo Garrido
- 1 Prostate Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway , Galway, Ireland .,2 Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway , Galway, Ireland
| | - Carol Johnson
- 1 Prostate Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway , Galway, Ireland .,2 Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway , Galway, Ireland
| | - Francis J Sullivan
- 1 Prostate Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway , Galway, Ireland
| | - Sharon A Glynn
- 1 Prostate Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway , Galway, Ireland .,2 Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway , Galway, Ireland .,3 Apoptosis Research Centre, Biomedical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway , Galway, Ireland
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21
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Vallo S, Köpp R, Michaelis M, Rothweiler F, Bartsch G, Brandt MP, Gust KM, Wezel F, Blaheta RA, Haferkamp A, Cinatl J. Resistance to nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel is mediated by ABCB1 in urothelial cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4085-4092. [PMID: 28599410 PMCID: PMC5453046 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-paclitaxel appears to exhibit better response rates in patients with metastatic urothelial cancer of the bladder whom are pretreated with nab-paclitaxel compared with conventional paclitaxel. Paclitaxel may induce multidrug resistance in patients with cancer, while the mechanisms of resistance against paclitaxel are manifold. These include reduced function of pro-apoptotic proteins, mutations of tubulin and overexpression of the drug transporter adenosine 5′-triphosphate-binding cassette transporter subfamily B, member 1 (ABCB1). To evaluate the role of ABCB1 in nab-paclitaxel resistance in urothelial cancer cells, the bladder cancer cell lines T24 and TCC-SUP, as well as sub-lines with acquired resistance against gemcitabine (T24rGEMCI20 and TCC-SUPrGEMCI20) and vinblastine (T24rVBL20 and TCC-SUPrVBL20) were examined. For the functional inhibition of ABCB1, multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors with ABCB1-inhibiting properties, including cabozantinib and crizotinib, were used. Additional functional assessment was performed with cell lines stably transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding for ABCB1, and protein expression was determined by western blotting. It was indicated that cell lines overexpressing ABCB1 exhibited similar resistance profiles to nab-paclitaxel and paclitaxel. Cabozantinib and crizotinib sensitized tumor cells to nab-paclitaxel and paclitaxel in the same dose-dependent manner in cell lines overexpressing ABCB1, without altering the downstream signaling of tyrosine kinases. These results suggest that the overexpression of ABCB1 confers resistance to nab-paclitaxel in urothelial cancer cells. Additionally, small molecules may overcome resistance to anticancer drugs that are substrates of ABCB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Vallo
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, D-60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Raoul Köpp
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, D-60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Martin Michaelis
- Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Florian Rothweiler
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, D-60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Georg Bartsch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maximilian P Brandt
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kilian M Gust
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Felix Wezel
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Ulm, D-89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Roman A Blaheta
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Axel Haferkamp
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, D-60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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22
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Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Fagone P, McCubrey J, Bendtzen K, Mijatovic S, Nicoletti F. HIV-protease inhibitors for the treatment of cancer: Repositioning HIV protease inhibitors while developing more potent NO-hybridized derivatives? Int J Cancer 2017; 140:1713-1726. [PMID: 27870005 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The possible use of HIV protease inhibitors (HIV-PI) as new therapeutic option for the treatment of cancer primarily originated from their success in treating HIV-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). While these findings were initially attributed to immune reconstitution and better control of oncogenic viral infections, the number of reports on solid tumors, KS, lymphoma, fibrosarcoma, multiple myeloma and prostate cancer suggest other mechanisms for the anti-neoplastic activity of PIs. However, a major drawback for the possible adoption of HIV-PIs in the therapy of cancer relies on their relatively weak anticancer potency and important side effects. This has propelled several groups to generate derivatives of HIV-PIs for anticancer use, through modifications such as attachment of different moieties, ligands and transporters, including saquinavir-loaded folic acid conjugated nanoparticles and nitric oxide (NO) derivatives of HIV-PIs. In this article, we discuss the current preclinical and clinical evidences for the potential use of HIV-PIs, and of novel derivatives, such as saquinavir-NO in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Maksimovic-Ivanic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic," Belgrade University, Serbia
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - James McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Klaus Bendtzen
- Institute for Inflammation Research (IIR), Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sanja Mijatovic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic," Belgrade University, Serbia
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
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23
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Gu X, Huang Z, Ren Z, Tang X, Xue R, Luo X, Peng S, Peng H, Lu B, Tian J, Zhang Y. Potent Inhibition of Nitric Oxide-Releasing Bifendate Derivatives against Drug-Resistant K562/A02 Cells in Vitro and in Vivo. J Med Chem 2017; 60:928-940. [PMID: 28068095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance is a major obstacle to successful chemotherapy for leukemia. In this study, a series of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing bifendate derivatives (7a-n) were synthesized. Biological evaluation indicated that the most active compound (7a) produced relatively high levels of NO and significantly inhibited the proliferation of drug-resistant K562/A02 cells in vitro and in vivo. In addition, 7a induced the mitochondrial tyrosine nitration and the intracellular accumulation of rhodamine 123 by inhibiting P-gp activity in K562/A02 cells. Furthermore, 7a remarkably down-regulated AKT, NF-κB, and ERK activation and HIF-1α expression in K562/A02 cells, which are associated with the tumor cell proliferation and drug resistance. Notably, the antitumor effects were dramatically attenuated by an NO scavenger or elimination of the NO-releasing capability of 7a, indicating that NO produced by 7a contributed to, at least partly, its cytotoxicity against drug-resistant K562/A02 cells. Overall, 7a may be a potential agent against drug-resistant myelogenous leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguang Ren
- Department of Environment and Pharmacy, Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine , Tianjin 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongfang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Sixun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Environment and Pharmacy, Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine , Tianjin 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lu
- Institute of Biophysics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical College , Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Jide Tian
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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24
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Voges Y, Michaelis M, Rothweiler F, Schaller T, Schneider C, Politt K, Mernberger M, Nist A, Stiewe T, Wass MN, Rödel F, Cinatl J. Effects of YM155 on survivin levels and viability in neuroblastoma cells with acquired drug resistance. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2410. [PMID: 27735941 PMCID: PMC5133961 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Resistance formation after initial therapy response (acquired resistance) is common in high-risk neuroblastoma patients. YM155 is a drug candidate that was introduced as a survivin suppressant. This mechanism was later challenged, and DNA damage induction and Mcl-1 depletion were suggested instead. Here we investigated the efficacy and mechanism of action of YM155 in neuroblastoma cells with acquired drug resistance. The efficacy of YM155 was determined in neuroblastoma cell lines and their sublines with acquired resistance to clinically relevant drugs. Survivin levels, Mcl-1 levels, and DNA damage formation were determined in response to YM155. RNAi-mediated depletion of survivin, Mcl-1, and p53 was performed to investigate their roles during YM155 treatment. Clinical YM155 concentrations affected the viability of drug-resistant neuroblastoma cells through survivin depletion and p53 activation. MDM2 inhibitor-induced p53 activation further enhanced YM155 activity. Loss of p53 function generally affected anti-neuroblastoma approaches targeting survivin. Upregulation of ABCB1 (causes YM155 efflux) and downregulation of SLC35F2 (causes YM155 uptake) mediated YM155-specific resistance. YM155-adapted cells displayed increased ABCB1 levels, decreased SLC35F2 levels, and a p53 mutation. YM155-adapted neuroblastoma cells were also characterized by decreased sensitivity to RNAi-mediated survivin depletion, further confirming survivin as a critical YM155 target in neuroblastoma. In conclusion, YM155 targets survivin in neuroblastoma. Furthermore, survivin is a promising therapeutic target for p53 wild-type neuroblastomas after resistance acquisition (neuroblastomas are rarely p53-mutated), potentially in combination with p53 activators. In addition, we show that the adaptation of cancer cells to molecular-targeted anticancer drugs is an effective strategy to elucidate a drug's mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Voges
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Paul Ehrlich-Str. 40, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany
| | - Martin Michaelis
- Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Florian Rothweiler
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Paul Ehrlich-Str. 40, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany
| | - Torsten Schaller
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Paul Ehrlich-Str. 40, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany
| | - Constanze Schneider
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Paul Ehrlich-Str. 40, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany
| | - Katharina Politt
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, Marburg 35037, Germany
| | - Marco Mernberger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, Marburg 35037, Germany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps-University, Marburg 35037, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, Marburg 35037, Germany.,Genomics Core Facility, Philipps-University, Marburg 35037, Germany
| | - Mark N Wass
- Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Franz Rödel
- Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Onkologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Paul Ehrlich-Str. 40, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany
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25
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Enzastaurin inhibits ABCB1-mediated drug efflux independently of effects on protein kinase C signalling and the cellular p53 status. Oncotarget 2016; 6:17605-20. [PMID: 25749379 PMCID: PMC4627332 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The PKCβ inhibitor enzastaurin was tested in parental neuroblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines, their vincristine-resistant sub-lines, primary neuroblastoma cells, ABCB1-transduced, ABCG2-transduced, and p53-depleted cells. Enzastaurin IC50s ranged from 3.3 to 9.5 μM in cell lines and primary cells independently of the ABCB1, ABCG2, or p53 status. Enzastaurin 0.3125 μM interfered with ABCB1-mediated drug transport. PKCα and PKCβ may phosphorylate and activate ABCB1 under the control of p53. However, enzastaurin exerted similar effects on ABCB1 in the presence or absence of functional p53. Also, enzastaurin inhibited PKC signalling only in concentrations ≥ 1.25 μM. The investigated cell lines did not express PKCβ. PKCα depletion reduced PKC signalling but did not affect ABCB1 activity. Intracellular levels of the fluorescent ABCB1 substrate rhodamine 123 rapidly decreased after wash-out of extracellular enzastaurin, and enzastaurin induced ABCB1 ATPase activity resembling the ABCB1 substrate verapamil. Computational docking experiments detected a direct interaction of enzastaurin and ABCB1. These data suggest that enzastaurin directly interferes with ABCB1 function. Enzastaurin further inhibited ABCG2-mediated drug transport but by a different mechanism since it reduced ABCG2 ATPase activity. These findings are important for the further development of therapies combining enzastaurin with ABC transporter substrates.
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26
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Ren Z, Gu X, Lu B, Chen Y, Chen G, Feng J, Lin J, Zhang Y, Peng H. Anticancer efficacy of a nitric oxide-modified derivative of bifendate against multidrug-resistant cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1095-105. [PMID: 26864945 PMCID: PMC4882976 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) not only actively transports a wide range of cytotoxic drugs across drug transporters but is also a complex interaction between a number of important cellular signalling pathways. Nitric oxide donors appear to be a new class of anticancer therapeutics for satisfying all the above conditions. Previously, we reported furoxan‐based nitric oxide‐releasing compounds that exhibited selective antitumour activity in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we demonstrate that bifendate (DDB)‐nitric oxide, a synthetic furoxan‐based nitric oxide‐releasing derivative of bifendate, effectively inhibits the both sensitive and MDR tumour cell viability at a comparatively low concentration. Interestingly, the potency of DDB‐nitric oxide is the independent of inhibition of the functions and expressions of three major ABC transporters. The mechanism of DDB‐nitric oxide appears to be in two modes of actions by inducing mitochondrial tyrosine nitration and apoptosis, as well as by down‐regulating HIF‐1α expression and protein kinase B (AKT), extracellular signal‐regulated kinases (ERK), nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) activation in MDR cells. Moreover, the addition of a typical nitric oxide scavenger significantly attenuated all the effects of DDB‐nitric oxide, indicating that the cytotoxicity of DDB‐nitric oxide is as a result of higher levels of nitric oxide release in MDR cancer cells. Given that acquired MDR to nitric oxide donors is reportedly difficult to achieve and genetically unstable, compound like DDB‐nitric oxide may be a new type of therapeutic agent for the treatment of MDR tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Ren
- Department of Environment and Pharmacy, Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoke Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Lu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yaqiong Chen
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guojiang Chen
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiannan Feng
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jizhen Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Environment and Pharmacy, Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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27
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Michaelis M, Selt F, Rothweiler F, Wiese M, Cinatl J. ABCG2 impairs the activity of the aurora kinase inhibitor tozasertib but not of alisertib. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:484. [PMID: 26415506 PMCID: PMC4587578 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1405-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, we have shown that the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCB1 interferes with the anti-cancer activity of the pan-aurora kinase inhibitor tozasertib (VX680, MK-0457) but not of the aurora kinase A and B inhibitor alisertib (MLN8237). Preliminary data had suggested tozasertib also to be a substrate of the ABC transporter ABCG2, another ABC transporter potentially involved in cancer cell drug resistance. Here, we studied the effect of ABCG2 on the activity of tozasertib and alisertib. RESULTS The tozasertib concentration that reduces cell viability by 50% (IC50) was dramatically increased in ABCG2-transduced UKF-NB-3(ABCG2) cells (48.8-fold) compared to UKF-NB-3 cells and vector-transduced control cells. The ABCG2 inhibitor WK-X-34 reduced tozasertib IC50 to the level of non-ABCG2-expressing UKF-NB-3 cells. Furthermore, ABCG2 depletion from UKF-NB-3(ABCG2) cells using another lentiviral vector expressing an shRNA against the bicistronic mRNA of ABCG2 and eGFP largely re-sensitised these cells to tozasertib. In contrast, alisertib activity was not affected by ABCG2 expression. CONCLUSIONS Tozasertib but not alisertib activity is affected by ABCG2 expression. This should be considered within the design and analysis of experiments and clinical trials investigating these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Michaelis
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Paul Ehrlich-Str. 40, 60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany. .,Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK.
| | - Florian Selt
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Paul Ehrlich-Str. 40, 60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany. .,Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Klinische Kooperationseinheit Pädiatrische Onkologie (G340) and Pädiatrie III, Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Florian Rothweiler
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Paul Ehrlich-Str. 40, 60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
| | - Michael Wiese
- Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Paul Ehrlich-Str. 40, 60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
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28
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Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Mojic M, Bulatovic M, Radojkovic M, Kuzmanovic M, Ristic S, Stosic-Grujicic S, Miljkovic D, Cavalli E, Libra M, Fagone P, McCubrey J, Nicoletti F, Mijatovic S. The NO-modified HIV protease inhibitor as a valuable drug for hematological malignancies: Role of p70S6K. Leuk Res 2015. [PMID: 26220866 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Covalent attachment of NO to the first approved HIV protease inhibitor Saquinavir (Saq-NO) expands the therapeutic potential of the original drug. Apart from retained antiviral activity, the modified drug exerts strong antitumor effects and lower toxicity. In the present study, we have evaluated the sensitivity of different hematological malignancies to Saq-NO. Saq-NO efficiently diminished the viability of Jurkat, Raji, HL-60 and K562 cells. While Jurkat and Raji cells (established from pediatric patients) displayed abrogated proliferative potential, HL-60 and K652 cells (originated from adults) exposed to Saq-NO treatment underwent caspase dependent apoptosis. In addition, similar sensitivity to Saq-NO was observed in mononuclear blood cells obtained from pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Western blot analysis indicated p70S6 kinase as a possible intracellular target of Saq-NO action. Moreover, the addition of a NO moiety to Lopinavir resulted in improved antitumor potential as compared to the parental compound, suggesting that NO-derived HIV protease inhibitors are a potential new source of anticancer drugs with unique mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Maksimovic-Ivanic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Mojic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirna Bulatovic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Radojkovic
- Clinical Center "Dr Dragisa Misovic", Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milos Kuzmanovic
- Institute for Health Care of Mother and Child of Serbia "Dr Vukan Cupic", Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodan Ristic
- Clinical Center "Dr Dragisa Misovic", Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stanislava Stosic-Grujicic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djordje Miljkovic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Eugenio Cavalli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - James McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Sanja Mijatovic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
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29
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Vallo S, Michaelis M, Rothweiler F, Bartsch G, Gust KM, Limbart DM, Rödel F, Wezel F, Haferkamp A, Cinatl J. Drug-Resistant Urothelial Cancer Cell Lines Display Diverse Sensitivity Profiles to Potential Second-Line Therapeutics. Transl Oncol 2015; 8:210-6. [PMID: 26055179 PMCID: PMC4487788 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin in patients with metastatic urothelial cancer of the bladder frequently results in the development of acquired drug resistance. Availability of cell culture models with acquired resistance could help to identify candidate treatments for an efficient second-line therapy. Six cisplatin- and six gemcitabine-resistant cell lines were established. Cell viability assays were performed to evaluate the sensitivity to 16 different chemotherapeutic substances. The activity of the drug transporter ATP-binding cassette transporter, subfamily B, member 1 (ABCB1, a critical mediator of multidrug resistance in cancer) was evaluated using fluorescent ABCB1 substrates. For functional assessment, cells overexpressing ABCB1 were generated by transduction with a lentiviral vector encoding for ABCB1, while zosuquidar was used for selective inhibition. In this study, 8 of 12 gemcitabine- or cisplatin-resistant cell lines were cross-resistant to carboplatin, 5 to pemetrexed, 4 to methotrexate, 3 to oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and paclitaxel, and 2 to cabazitaxel, larotaxel, docetaxel, topotecan, doxorubicin, and mitomycin c, and 1 of 12 cell lines was cross-resistant to vinflunine and vinblastine. In one cell line with acquired resistance to gemcitabine (TCC-SUPrGEMCI20), cross-resistance seemed to be mediated by ABCB1 expression. Our model identified the vinca alkaloids vinblastine and vinflunine, in Europe an already approved second-line therapeutic for metastatic bladder cancer, as the most effective compounds in urothelial cancer cells with acquired resistance to gemcitabine or cisplatin. These results demonstrate that this in vitro model can reproduce clinically relevant results and may be suitable to identify novel substances for the treatment of metastatic bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Vallo
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Martin Michaelis
- Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Florian Rothweiler
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Georg Bartsch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kilian M Gust
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dominik M Limbart
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Franz Rödel
- Department of Radiation Therapy and Oncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Felix Wezel
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Axel Haferkamp
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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30
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Fagone P, Mangano K, Quattrocchi C, Cavalli E, Mammana S, Lombardo GAG, Pennisi V, Zocca MB, He M, Al-Abed Y, Nicoletti F. Effects of NO-Hybridization on the Immunomodulatory Properties of the HIV Protease Inhibitors Lopinavir and Ritonavir. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2015; 117:306-15. [PMID: 25903922 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) are antiretroviral agents, which have been found to also affect several cellular processes, such as inflammation and cell progression. In studies on non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs, the addition of a nitric oxide (NO) moiety has been shown to both reduce their toxicity and enhance their pharmacological efficacy. Along this line of research, several derivatives of PIs have been synthesized by covalent attachment of NO moiety to the parental molecules. Previous work has indicated that NO-hybridization of the prototypical PI, Saquinavir leads to a derivative named Saquinavir-NO that while retaining the antiretroviral effect, acquires antitumoural and immunomodulatory properties along with reduced toxicity in vitro and in vivo. These data prompted us to evaluate the effects of NO-hybridization on two other PIs, Lopinavir and Ritonavir. The two NO-derivatives were compared head to head with their parental compounds on human primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells as well as on human primary macrophages. Lopinavir-NO and Lopinavir were also screened in an in vivo model of autoimmune hepatitis. Our results prove that Lopinavir-NO exerts markedly superior effects as compared to the parental compound both in vitro and in vivo. On the contrary, Ritonavir-NO effects overlapped those of Ritonavir. These data demonstrate that NO-hybridization of Lopinavir generates a derivative with significantly stronger immunomodulatory effects that are apparently related to an action of the compound on T-cell secretory capacity. Lopinavir-NO deserves additional studies for its possible use in T-cell-mediated autoimmune diseases including, but not limited to autoimmune hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia Quattrocchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Eugenio Cavalli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Santa Mammana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Pennisi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Mingzhu He
- Center for Molecular Innovation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Yousef Al-Abed
- Center for Molecular Innovation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
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Singh R, Kesharwani P, Mehra NK, Singh S, Banerjee S, Jain NK. Development and characterization of folate anchored Saquinavir entrapped PLGA nanoparticles for anti-tumor activity. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 41:1888-901. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1019355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Identification of flubendazole as potential anti-neuroblastoma compound in a large cell line screen. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8202. [PMID: 25644037 PMCID: PMC4314641 DOI: 10.1038/srep08202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Flubendazole was shown to exert anti-leukaemia and anti-myeloma activity through inhibition of microtubule function. Here, flubendazole was tested for its effects on the viability of in total 461 cancer cell lines. Neuroblastoma was identified as highly flubendazole-sensitive cancer entity in a screen of 321 cell lines from 26 cancer entities. Flubendazole also reduced the viability of five primary neuroblastoma samples in nanomolar concentrations thought to be achievable in humans and inhibited vessel formation and neuroblastoma tumour growth in the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. Resistance acquisition is a major problem in high-risk neuroblastoma. 119 cell lines from a panel of 140 neuroblastoma cell lines with acquired resistance to various anti-cancer drugs were sensitive to flubendazole in nanomolar concentrations. Tubulin-binding agent-resistant cell lines displayed the highest flubendazole IC50 and IC90 values but differences between drug classes did not reach statistical significance. Flubendazole induced p53-mediated apoptosis. The siRNA-mediated depletion of the p53 targets p21, BAX, or PUMA reduced the neuroblastoma cell sensitivity to flubendazole with PUMA depletion resulting in the most pronounced effects. The MDM2 inhibitor and p53 activator nutlin-3 increased flubendazole efficacy while RNAi-mediated p53-depletion reduced its activity. In conclusion, flubendazole represents a potential treatment option for neuroblastoma including therapy-refractory cells.
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Michaelis M, Selt F, Rothweiler F, Löschmann N, Nüsse B, Dirks WG, Zehner R, Cinatl J. Aurora kinases as targets in drug-resistant neuroblastoma cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108758. [PMID: 25268132 PMCID: PMC4182628 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinase inhibitors displayed activity in pre-clinical neuroblastoma models. Here, we studied the effects of the pan-aurora kinase inhibitor tozasertib (VX680, MK-0457) and the aurora kinase inhibitor alisertib (MLN8237) that shows some specificity for aurora kinase A over aurora kinase B in a panel of neuroblastoma cell lines with acquired drug resistance. Both compounds displayed anti-neuroblastoma activity in the nanomolar range. The anti-neuroblastoma mechanism included inhibition of aurora kinase signalling as indicated by decreased phosphorylation of the aurora kinase substrate histone H3, cell cycle inhibition in G2/M phase, and induction of apoptosis. The activity of alisertib but not of tozasertib was affected by ABCB1 expression. Aurora kinase inhibitors induced a p53 response and their activity was enhanced in combination with the MDM2 inhibitor and p53 activator nutlin-3 in p53 wild-type cells. In conclusion, aurora kinases are potential drug targets in therapy-refractory neuroblastoma, in particular for the vast majority of p53 wild-type cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Michaelis
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Florian Selt
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Florian Rothweiler
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nadine Löschmann
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Benedikt Nüsse
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Wilhelm G. Dirks
- Leibniz-Institute Deutsche Sammlung für Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Richard Zehner
- Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Momčilović M, Mangano K, Jevtić B, Mammana S, Stošić-Grujičić S, Nicoletti F, Miljković D. Saquinavir-NO Inhibits IL-6 Production in Macrophages. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 115:499-506. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miljana Momčilović
- Department of Immunology; Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Catania; Catania Italy
| | - Bojan Jevtić
- Department of Immunology; Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Santa Mammana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Catania; Catania Italy
| | - Stanislava Stošić-Grujičić
- Department of Immunology; Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Catania; Catania Italy
- OncoNOx Aps; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Djordje Miljković
- Department of Immunology; Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
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Klein DM, Wright SH, Cherrington NJ. Xenobiotic transporter expression along the male genital tract. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 47:1-8. [PMID: 24814985 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The male genital tract plays an important role in protecting sperm by forming a distinct compartment separate from the body which limits exposure to potentially toxic substrates. Transporters along this tract can influence the distribution of xenobiotics into the male genital tract through efflux back into the blood or facilitating the accumulation of toxicants. The aim of this study was to quantitatively determine the constitutive mRNA expression of 30 xenobiotic transporters in caput and cauda regions of the epididymis, vas deferens, prostate, and seminal vesicles from adult Sprague-Dawley rats. The epididymis was found to express at least moderate levels of 18 transporters, vas deferens 15, seminal vesicles 23, and prostate 18. Constitutive expression of these xenobiotic transporters in the male genital tract may provide insight into the xenobiotics that can potentially be transported into these tissues and may provide the molecular mechanism for site specific toxicity of select agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Klein
- University of Arizona, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Stephen H Wright
- University of Arizona, Department of Physiology, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Nathan J Cherrington
- University of Arizona, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States.
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Testing of SNS-032 in a Panel of Human Neuroblastoma Cell Lines with Acquired Resistance to a Broad Range of Drugs. Transl Oncol 2013; 6:685-96. [PMID: 24466371 DOI: 10.1593/tlo.13544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel treatment options are needed for the successful therapy of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. Here, we investigated the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor SNS-032 in a panel of 109 neuroblastoma cell lines consisting of 19 parental cell lines and 90 sublines with acquired resistance to 14 different anticancer drugs. Seventy-three percent of the investigated neuroblastoma cell lines and all four investigated primary tumor samples displayed concentrations that reduce cell viability by 50% in the range of the therapeutic plasma levels reported for SNS-032 (<754 nM). Sixty-two percent of the cell lines and two of the primary samples displayed concentrations that reduce cell viability by 90% in this concentration range. SNS-032 also impaired the growth of the multidrug-resistant cisplatin-adapted UKF-NB-3 subline UKF-NB-3(r)CDDP(1000) in mice. ABCB1 expression (but not ABCG2 expression) conferred resistance to SNS-032. The antineuroblastoma effects of SNS-032 did not depend on functional p53. The antineuroblastoma mechanism of SNS-032 included CDK7 and CDK9 inhibition-mediated suppression of RNA synthesis and subsequent depletion of antiapoptotic proteins with a fast turnover rate including X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (Mcl-1), baculoviral IAP repeat containing 2 (BIRC2; cIAP-1), and survivin. In conclusion, CDK7 and CDK9 represent promising drug targets and SNS-032 represents a potential treatment option for neuroblastoma including therapy-refractory cases.
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Kant S, Kumar A, Singh SM. Tumor growth retardation and chemosensitizing action of fatty acid synthase inhibitor orlistat on T cell lymphoma: implication of reconstituted tumor microenvironment and multidrug resistance phenotype. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1840:294-302. [PMID: 24060750 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orlistat, a fatty acid synthase (FASN) inhibitor, has been demonstrated to inhibit tumor cell survival. However, the mechanism(s) of its tumor growth retarding action against malignancies of hematological origin remains unclear. It is also not understood if the antitumor action of orlistat implicates modulated susceptibility of tumor cell to anticancer drugs. Therefore, the present investigation focuses to study the antitumor and chemosensitizing action of orlistat in a murine host bearing a progressively growing T cell lymphoma. METHODS Tumor-bearing mice were administered with vehicle alone or containing orlistat followed by administration of PBS with or without cisplatin. Tumor progression and survival of tumor-bearing host were monitored along with analysis of tumor cell survival and apoptosis. Tumor ascitic fluid was examined for pH, NO and cytokines. Expression of genes and proteins was investigated by RT-PCR and western blot respectively. ROS was analyzed by DCFDA staining and FASN activity by spectrophotometry. RESULTS Orlistat administration to tumor-bearing mice resulted in tumor growth retardation, prolonged life span, declined tumor cell survival and chemosensitization to cisplatin. It was accompanied by increased osmotic fragility, modulated acidosis, expression of ROS, NO, cytokines, MCT-1 and VH(+) ATPase, Bcl2, Caspase-3, P53, inhibited FASN activity and declined expression of MDR and MRP-1 proteins. CONCLUSION Orlistat manifests antitumor and chemosensitizing action implicating modulated regulation of cell survival, reconstituted-tumor microenvironment and altered MDR phenotype. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These observations indicate that orlistat could be utilized as an adjunct regimen for improving antitumor efficacy of cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Kant
- School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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38
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Overcoming intratumor heterogeneity of polygenic cancer drug resistance with improved biomarker integration. Neoplasia 2013; 14:1278-89. [PMID: 23308059 DOI: 10.1593/neo.122096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvements in technology and resources are helping to advance our understanding of cancer-initiating events as well as factors involved with tumor progression, adaptation, and evasion of therapy. Tumors are well known to contain diverse cell populations and intratumor heterogeneity affords neoplasms with a diverse set of biologic characteristics that can be used to evolve and adapt. Intratumor heterogeneity has emerged as a major hindrance to improving cancer patient care. Polygenic cancer drug resistance necessitates reconsidering drug designs to include polypharmacology in pursuit of novel combinatorial agents having multitarget activity to overcome the diverse and compensatory signaling pathways in which cancer cells use to survive and evade therapy. Advances will require integration of different biomarkers such as genomics and imaging to provide for more adequate elucidation of the spatially varying location, type, and extent of diverse intratumor signaling molecules to provide for a rationale-based personalized cancer medicine strategy.
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Adamo R, Comandini A, Aquino A, Bonmassar L, Guglielmi L, Bonmassar E, Franzese O. The antiretroviral agent saquinavir enhances hTERT expression and telomerase activity in human T leukaemia cells in vitro. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2013; 32:38. [PMID: 23759068 PMCID: PMC3682913 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saquinavir, a protease inhibitor utilized in HIV infection, shows antitumor activity in various experimental models. In previous studies performed in our laboratory the drug was found to induce a substantial increase of telomerase activity in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Aim of the present investigation was to test whether saquinavir was able to increase telomerase activity and the expression of the catalytic subunit of telomerase, hTERT, in human malignant hematopoietic cells. METHODS Human Jurkat CD4+ T cell leukaemia cell line was used throughout the present study. The antiproliferative effect of saquinavir was tested by the MTT assay. Telomerase activity was determined according to the telomeric repeat amplification protocol. The expression of hTERT mRNA was semi-quantitative evaluated by RT-PCR amplification and quantitative Real Time PCR. The binding of the transcription factor c-Myc to its specific E-Box DNA binding-site of hTERT promoter was analyzed by Electophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA). The amount of c-Myc in cytoplasm and nucleus of leukemia cells was determined by Western Blot analysis, and c-Myc down-regulation was obtained by siRNA transfection. RESULTS Saquinavir produced a substantial increase of telomerase activity in Jurkat cells in vitro without increasing but rather reducing target cell proliferation rate. Telomerase up-regulation appeared to be the result of enhanced expression of hTERT. Saquinavir-mediated up-regulation of hTERT gene was the result of the increased binding of proteins to the E-Box sequence of the promoter. Moreover, saquinavir amplified the expression of c-Myc especially in the nuclear cell fraction. The direct influence of saquinavir on this transcription factor was also demonstrated by the antagonistic effect of the drug on siRNA induced c-Myc suppression. Since c-Myc is the main responsible for hTERT transcription, these findings suggest that the main mechanism underlying saquinavir-induced telomerase activation is mediated by c-Myc up-regulation. CONCLUSIONS Saquinavir augments hTERT expression while inhibiting leukemic cell growth. Experimental evidences show that this effect is mediated by saquinavir-influenced increase of c-Myc levels. This could have relevance in terms of enhanced hTERT-dependent tumor cell immunogenicity and suggests new paharmacological approaches interfering with c-Myc dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Adamo
- Department of Systems Medicine, Pharmacology Section, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Saquinavir-NO inhibits S6 kinase activity, impairs secretion of the encephalytogenic cytokines interleukin-17 and interferon-gamma and ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol 2013; 259:55-65. [PMID: 23602714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
NO-hybridization of the HIV protease inhibitor Saquinavir generates a new chemical entity named Saq-NO, that retains the anti-viral activity and exerts lower toxicity. We show that Saq-NO inhibited the generation of various cytokines in ConA-stimulated unfractionated murine spleen cells and rat lymph nodes stimulated with ConA as well as in purified CD4(+) T cells in vitro and reduced the circulating levels of cytokines in mice challenged with anti-CD3 antibody. Furthermore, Saq-NO reduced IL-17 and IFN-γ production in myelin basic protein (MBP)-specific cells isolated from rats immunized with MBP. These findings translated well into the in vivo setting as Saq-NO ameliorated the course of the disease in two preclinical models of multiple sclerosis. Our results demonstrate that Saq-NO exerts immunomodulatory effects that warrant studies on its application in autoimmune diseases.
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Bevelacqua V, Bevelacqua Y, Candido S, Skarmoutsou E, Amoroso A, Guarneri C, Strazzanti A, Gangemi P, Mazzarino MC, D'Amico F, McCubrey JA, Libra M, Malaponte G. Nectin like-5 overexpression correlates with the malignant phenotype in cutaneous melanoma. Oncotarget 2013; 3:882-92. [PMID: 22929570 PMCID: PMC3478464 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
NECL-5 is involved in regulating cell–cell junctions, in cooperation with cadherins, integrins and platelet-derived growth factor receptor, that are essential for intercellular communication. Its role in malignant transformation was previously described. It has been reported that transformation of melanocytes is associated with altered expression of adhesion molecules suggesting the potential involment of NECL-5 in melanoma development and prognosis. To shed light on this issue, the expression and the role of NECL-5 in melanoma tissues was investigated by bioinformatic and molecular approaches. NECL-5 was up-regulated both at the mRNA and the protein levels in WM35, M14 and A375 cell lines compared with normal melanocytes. A subsequent analysis in primary and metastatic melanoma specimens confirmed “in vitro” findings. NECL-5 overexpression was observed in 53 of 59 (89.8%) and 12 of 12 (100%), primary melanoma and melanoma metastasis, respectively; while, low expression of NECL-5 was detected in 12 of 20 (60%) benign nevi. A significant correlation of NECL-5 overexpression was observed with most of known negative melanoma prognostic factors, including lymph-node involvement (P = 0.009) and thickness (P = 0.004). Intriguingly, by analyzing the large series of melanoma samples in the Xu dataset, we identified the transcription factor YY1 among genes positively correlated with NECL-5 (r = 0.5). The concordant computational and experimental data of the present study indicate that the extent of NECL-5 expression correlates with melanoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bevelacqua
- Section of pathology and Oncology, Department of Bio-medical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Mojic M, Mijatovic S, Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Miljkovic D, Stosic-Grujicic S, Stankovic M, Mangano K, Travali S, Donia M, Fagone P, Zocca MB, Al-Abed Y, McCubrey JA, Nicoletti F. Therapeutic potential of nitric oxide-modified drugs in colon cancer cells. Mol Pharmacol 2012; 82:700-10. [PMID: 22798453 DOI: 10.1124/mol.112.077842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We have examined the influence of the nitric oxide (NO)-modified anti-inflammatory drug (S,R)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxasole acetic acid (VGX-1027) named GIT-27NO or the NO-modified antiviral drug saquinavir (Saq) named Saq-NO on two colon cancer cell lines, mouse CT26CL25 and human HCT116. The effects of the drugs on cell viability, apoptosis, proliferation, and metastatic potential were analyzed. The release of NO and oxygen and nitrogen species was also determined. The efficacy of the drugs was evaluated in vivo in BALB/c mice injected with CT26CL25 cells. Both agents suppressed the growth of colon cancer cells in vitro and reduced tumor volume in syngeneic BALB/c mice. However, their mechanisms of action were different because GIT-27NO released larger amounts of nitrite than Saq-NO in cell cultures and its antitumor action depended on the intracellular NO release inside the cells. On the contrary, Saq-NO released barely detectable amounts of NO and its antitumor action was NO-independent. In fact, cotreatment with an NO-peroxynitrite scavenger revealed that GIT-27NO but not Saq-NO acts through peroxynitrite-mediated cell destruction. At the cellular level, GIT-27NO prevalently induced proapoptotic signals followed by caspase-dependent apoptosis. In contrast, Saq-NO blocked cell proliferation, changed the adhesive, migratory, and invasive properties of the cells, and decreased metastatic potential in vivo. In conclusion, differences in NO release and oxidative stress generation between GIT-27NO and Saq-NO resulted in different mechanisms that caused cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Mojic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
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Donia M, Mangano K, Fagone P, De Pasquale R, Dinotta F, Coco M, Padron J, Al-Abed Y, Giovanni Lombardo GA, Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Mijatovic S, Zocca MB, Perciavalle V, Stosic-Grujicic S, Nicoletti F. Unique antineoplastic profile of Saquinavir-NO, a novel NO-derivative of the protease inhibitor Saquinavir, on the in vitro and in vivo tumor formation of A375 human melanoma cells. Oncol Rep 2012; 28:682-8. [PMID: 22665020 DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.1840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown that covalent attachment of the nitric oxide (NO) moiety to the HIV protease inhibitor Saquinavir (Saq) produced a qualitatively new chemical entity, named Saquinavir-NO (Saq-NO), with enhanced anticancer properties and reduced toxicity both in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this study was to address several unanswered questions both on the pharmacological profile of Saq-NO as well as on the in vivo role of NO in the oncogenesis of A375 human melanoma cells. To this end, we have evaluated here the impact of single and combined effects of Saq-NO, Saq, the NO-donor DETA NONOate and the iNOS inhibitor L-NAME on the in vitro as well as in vivo growth of the iNOS positive A375 cells. Our data confirm clear-cut evidence for a strong and powerful anti-melanoma action of Saq-NO that is not duplicable by the combined use of Saq and DETA NONOate. Surprisingly, but also in agreement with the complex and multifaceted role of endogenous NO in A375 cells, both DETA NONOate and L-NAME significantly suppressed the in vivo growth of xenotransplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Donia
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, University of Catania, and Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Cannizzaro Hospital, Catania, Italy
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Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Stosic-Grujicic S, Nicoletti F, Mijatovic S. Resistance to TRAIL and how to surmount it. Immunol Res 2012; 52:157-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s12026-012-8284-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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45
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Chemotherapy-associated angiogenesis in neuroblastoma tumors. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 180:1370-7. [PMID: 22285670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The influences of cytotoxic drugs on endothelial cells remain incompletely understood. Herein, we examined the effects of chemotherapeutic agents in experimental angiogenesis models and analyzed vessel densities in clinical neuroblastoma tumor samples. Cisplatin (20 to 500 ng/mL), doxorubicin (4 to 100 ng/mL), and vincristine (0.5 to 4 ng/mL), drugs commonly involved in neuroblastoma therapy protocols, induced pro-angiogenic effects in different angiogenesis models. They enhanced endothelial cell tube formation, endothelial cell sprouting from spheroids, formation of tip cells in the sprouting assay, expression of αvβ3 integrin, and vitronectin binding. All three drugs increased global cellular kinase phosphorylation levels, including the angiogenesis-relevant molecules protein kinase Cβ and Akt. Pharmacological inhibition of protein kinase Cβ or Akt upstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reduced chemotherapy-induced endothelial cell tube formation. Moreover, the investigated chemotherapeutics dose dependently induced vessel formation in the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. Tumor samples from seven high-risk patients with neuroblastoma were analyzed for vessel density by IHC. Results revealed that neuroblastoma samples taken after chemotherapy consistently showed an enhanced microvessel density compared with the corresponding samples taken before chemotherapy. In conclusion, our data show that chemotherapy can activate endothelial cells by inducing multiple pro-angiogenic signaling pathways and exert pro-angiogenic effects in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we report a previously unrecognized clinical phenomenon that might, in part, be explained by our experimental observations: chemotherapy-associated enhanced vessel formation in tumors from patients with neuroblastoma.
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The interconnectedness of cancer cell signaling. Neoplasia 2012; 13:1183-93. [PMID: 22241964 DOI: 10.1593/neo.111746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The elegance of fundamental and applied research activities have begun to reveal a myriad of spatial and temporal alterations in downstream signaling networks affected by cell surface receptor stimulation including G protein-coupled receptors and receptor tyrosine kinases. Interconnected biochemical pathways serve to integrate and distribute the signaling information throughout the cell by orchestration of complex biochemical circuits consisting of protein interactions and covalent modification processes. It is clear that scientific literature summarizing results from both fundamental and applied scientific research activities has served to provide a broad foundational biologic database that has been instrumental in advancing our continued understanding of underlying cancer biology. This article reflects on historical advances and the role of innovation in the competitive world of grant-sponsored research.
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Adaptation of cancer cells from different entities to the MDM2 inhibitor nutlin-3 results in the emergence of p53-mutated multi-drug-resistant cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2011; 2:e243. [PMID: 22170099 PMCID: PMC3252738 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2011.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Six p53 wild-type cancer cell lines from infrequently p53-mutated entities (neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and melanoma) were continuously exposed to increasing concentrations of the murine double minute 2 inhibitor nutlin-3, resulting in the emergence of nutlin-3-resistant, p53-mutated sublines displaying a multi-drug resistance phenotype. Only 2 out of 28 sublines adapted to various cytotoxic drugs harboured p53 mutations. Nutlin-3-adapted UKF-NB-3 cells (UKF-NB-3rNutlin10 μM, harbouring a G245C mutation) were also radiation resistant. Analysis of UKF-NB-3 and UKF-NB-3rNutlin10 μM cells by RNA interference experiments and lentiviral transduction of wild-type p53 into p53-mutated UKF-NB-3rNutlin10 μM cells revealed that the loss of p53 function contributes to the multi-drug resistance of UKF-NB-3rNutlin10 μM cells. Bioinformatics PANTHER pathway analysis based on microarray measurements of mRNA abundance indicated a substantial overlap in the signalling pathways differentially regulated between UKF-NB-3rNutlin10 μM and UKF-NB-3 and between UKF-NB-3 and its cisplatin-, doxorubicin-, or vincristine-resistant sublines. Repeated nutlin-3 adaptation of neuroblastoma cells resulted in sublines harbouring various p53 mutations with high frequency. A p53 wild-type single cell-derived UKF-NB-3 clone was adapted to nutlin-3 in independent experiments. Eight out of ten resulting sublines were p53-mutated harbouring six different p53 mutations. This indicates that nutlin-3 induces de novo p53 mutations not initially present in the original cell population. Therefore, nutlin-3-treated cancer patients should be carefully monitored for the emergence of p53-mutated, multi-drug-resistant cells.
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Dinosaurs and ancient civilizations: reflections on the treatment of cancer. Neoplasia 2011; 12:957-68. [PMID: 21170260 DOI: 10.1593/neo.101588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Research efforts in the area of palaeopathology have been seen as an avenue to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of cancer. Answers to questions of whether dinosaurs had cancer, or if cancer plagued ancient civilizations, have captured the imagination as well as the popular media. Evidence for dinosaurian cancer may indicate that cancer may have been with us from the dawn of time. Ancient recorded history suggests that past civilizations attempted to fight cancer with a variety of interventions. When contemplating the issue why a generalized cure for cancer has not been found, it might prove useful to reflect on the relatively limited time that this issue has been an agenda item of governmental attention as well as continued introduction of an every evolving myriad of manmade carcinogens relative to the total time cancer has been present on planet Earth. This article reflects on the history of cancer and the progress made following the initiation of the "era of cancer chemotherapy."
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