1
|
Grindal M, Admire A, Carkin DM, Nieri T. Gender and substance use among Latinx college students: An application of social structure social learning theory. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2023:1-25. [PMID: 37933886 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2023.2271873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Social structure social learning theory (SSSL) is a theoretical framework that has been used to understand gender differences in substance use. However, the Latinx community remains understudied in this body of research. Drawing on a Latinx college student sample, we tested the extent to which four social learning mechanisms specified by SSSL theory (positive definitions, neutralizing definitions, differential association, and differential reinforcement) explained gender differences in three substance use outcomes: alcohol intoxication, marijuana use, and illicit prescription drug use. We found that men reported greater levels of all three substance use outcomes, and that the social learning mechanisms mediated between 24% to 44% of these gender effects. We also found some evidence that the effects of differential association and differential reinforcement were stronger for men than women, suggesting that women may exhibit greater resilience when exposed to peer influence. We discuss the implications for SSSL theory and the study of substance use and gender differences in substance use among Latinx populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Grindal
- Department of Culture, Society, and Justice, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho
| | - Amanda Admire
- Office of Institutional Research, Chaffey College, Rancho Cucamonga, California
| | | | - Tanya Nieri
- Department of Sociology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
McCabe BE, McConaha CD, Falcon AL. Social norms and club drug use of young adult college students during Music Week. J Addict Dis 2022; 41:149-155. [PMID: 35713275 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2022.2086424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Young adult college students have high rates of substance use, theoretically related to social norms. Behavioral norms refer to the quantity of substances that students think others use, and attitudes refer to how much students or others approve of substance use. Prior research has shown a relationship between behavioral norms, student attitudes, and perceived parental attitudes and alcohol and marijuana use. However, the relationship between social norms and use of club drugs (e.g., MDMA) has not been studied.Objective: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to expand knowledge about young adult college student social norms and club drug use.Methods: 200 young adult undergraduates (Women = 97, 49%) were recruited from a campus recreational facility on a large private Southeastern university in April 2019. Students self-reported behavioral norms, student attitudes, parental perceived attitudes, club drug use during a typical week and during music week, and substance use consequences.Results: Logistic and negative binomial regressions showed that student attitudes were significantly related to club drug use in a typical week (OR = 2.07, p = .005), during music week (OR = 2.08, p = .001), and consequences of use (RR = 1.23, p < .001), but behavioral norms and perceived parental attitudes were not.Conclusions: Findings build on social norms research with alcohol and marijuana use. Attitudes may be more important to consider than behavioral norms or perceived parental attitudes for interventions to reduce club drug use.Young adults (18-25 years old) have a high risk for substance use; both alcohol and drug use increase throughout adolescence and peak in young adulthood.1-3 Young adults have high heavy episodic drinking (35% past month) and illicit drug use (25% past month), with greater MDMA use (10% vs 7%) and marijuana use (35% vs. 15%) than other adults.4 Alcohol and marijuana use has been linked to many negative consequences, such as blackouts, physical injuries, unprotected sex, and even death.5,6 Club drug use is also linked to negative consequences, such as memory lapse, headaches, loss of energy, trouble sleeping, depression, confusion, anxiety, irritability, nausea, and changes in heart rate and blood pressure.7,8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian E McCabe
- Department of Special Education, Rehabilitation, and Counseling, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Candace D McConaha
- Department of Special Education, Rehabilitation, and Counseling, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Ashley L Falcon
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ristanovic I, Damme KSF, DeVylder JE, Schiffman J, Mittal VA. Cannabis use, self-perceived risk, perceived peer approval and parental attitudes among youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis. Early Interv Psychiatry 2022; 16:264-271. [PMID: 33942529 PMCID: PMC9940656 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Cannabis use is associated with greater likelihood of psychosis. The relationship between attitudes about cannabis and use has not been examined in youth at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis. Additionally, the shifting legal landscape can provide a valuable context for evaluating use and related attitudes. METHODS This study included 174 participants (44 CHR, 43 healthy control [HC] youth-parent dyads). Youth completed measures of self-reported cannabis use confirmed with a urinalysis, self-perceived risk and perceived peer attitudes. Parents reported attitudes about youth use. Legalization occurred halfway during a 5-year study in Colorado, providing an opportunity to cross-sectionally examine its role in use and attitudes. RESULTS Frequency of youth reporting cannabis use was significantly higher in CHR (69%) than control group (30%). Use in CHR group was associated with higher perceived peer approval (r = .57), increased parental permissiveness (r = .28) and lower self-perceived risk (r = -.26). Comparing samples participating pre and post-legalization, use remained stable within each group. Group differences in parental permissiveness shifted; trend toward decrease in permissiveness in CHR group (η2partial = .07) and a significant increase in HCs (η2partial = .16) were observed. Post-legalization, use in CHR group correlated with higher perceived peer approval (r = .64), lower self-perceived risk (r = -.51) and higher parental permissiveness (r = .35, trend). CONCLUSIONS Taken together, results indicate a relationship between self and peer/parental attitudes about cannabis and use in youth at CHR for psychosis. These factors are important to consider within the legalization context given the changes in parental attitudes and a stronger association between use and attitudes in this group post-legalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivanka Ristanovic
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Jordan E DeVylder
- Graduate School of Social Service, Fordham University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jason Schiffman
- Department of Psychology, Univeristy of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Vijay A Mittal
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Does parental permissiveness toward cigarette smoking and alcohol use influence illicit drug use among adolescents? A longitudinal study in seven European countries. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:173-181. [PMID: 34120221 PMCID: PMC8761139 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02118-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adolescents' perceptions of parental norms may influence their substance use. The relationship between parental norms toward cigarette and alcohol use, and the use of illicit substances among their adolescent children is not sufficiently investigated. The purpose of this study was to analyze this relationship, including gender differences, using longitudinal data from a large population-based study. METHODS The present study analyzed longitudinal data from 3171 12- to 14-year-old students in 7 European countries allocated to the control arm of the European Drug Addiction Prevention trial. The impact of parental permissiveness toward cigarettes and alcohol use reported by the students at baseline on illicit drug use at 6-month follow-up was analyzed through multilevel logistic regression models, stratified by gender. Whether adolescents' own use of cigarette and alcohol mediated the association between parental norms and illicit drug use was tested through mediation models. RESULTS Parental permissive norms toward cigarette smoking and alcohol use at baseline predicted adolescents' illicit drug use at follow-up. The association was stronger among boys than among girls and was mediated by adolescents' own cigarette and alcohol use. CONCLUSION Perceived parental permissiveness toward the use of legal drugs predicted adolescents' use of illicit drugs, especially among boys. Parents should be made aware of the importance of norm setting, and supported in conveying clear messages of disapproval of all substances.
Collapse
|
5
|
Marsiglia FF, Ayers SL, Robbins D, Nagoshi J, Baldwin-White A, Castro FG. THE INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF A COMMUNITY-BASED INTERVENTION WITH MEXICAN-HERITAGE PARENTS IN BOOSTING THE EFFECTS OF A SUBSTANCE USE PREVENTION INTERVENTION WITH YOUTH. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 47:195-209. [PMID: 30408205 PMCID: PMC7202340 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.21723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Drawing from an ecodevelopmental framework, this article examines if adding a parenting component, Families Preparing the New Generation (Familias Preparando la Nueva Generación), to an efficacious classroom-based drug abuse prevention intervention, keepin'it REAL, will boost the effects of the youth intervention in preventing substance use for middle school Mexican-heritage students. Youth attending schools in a large urban area in the Southwestern U.S. (N = 462) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 conditions: parent and youth, youth only, or control. Using ordinary least squares regression, changes in youth substance use outcomes were examined. Results indicate that youth whose parents also participated in prevention programming exhibited significantly lower use of alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, and inhalants compared to youth who received only keepin'it REAL. These initial effects indicate that involving parents in prevention efforts can strengthen the overall efficacy of a youth prevention intervention. This article discusses specific implications for the design of prevention interventions, policy, and future research.
Collapse
|
6
|
Villegas-Pantoja M, Guzmán-Facundo F, Alonso-Castillo M, de la Rubia JM, López-García K. Parenting Behaviors and Their Relationship With Alcohol Involvement in Mexican Teenagers and Young Adults. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/1067828x.2018.1455612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Karla López-García
- School of Nursing, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pedersen ER, Osilla KC, Miles JN, Tucker JS, Ewing BA, Shih RA, D’Amico EJ. The role of perceived injunctive alcohol norms in adolescent drinking behavior. Addict Behav 2017; 67:1-7. [PMID: 27978424 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Peers have a major influence on youth during adolescence, and perceptions about peer alcohol use (perceived norms) are often associated with personal drinking behavior among youth. Most of the research on perceived norms among adolescents focuses on perceived descriptive norms only, or perceptions about peers' behavior, and correcting these perceptions are a major focus of many prevention programs with adolescents. In contrast, perceived injunctive norms, which are personal perceptions about peers' attitudes regarding the acceptability of behaviors, have been minimally examined in the adolescent drinking literature. Yet correcting perceptions about these perceived peer attitudes may be an important component to include in prevention programs with youth. Using a sample of 2493 high school-aged youth (mean age=17.3), we assessed drinking behavior (past year use; past month frequency, quantity, and peak drinks), drinking consequences, and perceived descriptive and injunctive norms to examine the relationships of perceived injunctive and descriptive norms on adolescent drinking behavior. Findings indicated that although perceived descriptive norms were associated with some drinking outcomes (past year use; past month frequency; past month quantity; peak drinks), perceived injunctive norms were associated with all drinking outcomes, including outcomes of consequences, even after controlling for perceived descriptive norms. Findings suggest that consideration of perceived injunctive norms may be important in models of adolescent drinking. Prevention programs that do not include injunctive norms feedback may miss an important opportunity to enhance effectiveness of such prevention programs targeting adolescent alcohol use.
Collapse
|
8
|
Cabral P, Wallander JL, Song AV, Elliott MN, Tortolero SR, Reisner SL, Schuster MA. Generational status and social factors predicting initiation of partnered sexual activity among Latino/a youth. Health Psychol 2017; 36:169-178. [PMID: 27831707 PMCID: PMC5386886 DOI: 10.1037/hea0000435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine the longitudinal association of generational status (first = child and parent born outside the United States; second = child born in the United States, parent born outside the United States; third = child and parent born in the United States) and parent and peer social factors considered in 5th grade with subsequent oral, vaginal, and anal intercourse initiation by 7th and 10th grade among Latino/a youth. METHOD Using data from Latino/a participants (N = 1,790) in the Healthy Passages™ study, the authors measured generational status (first = 18.4%, second = 57.3%, third-generation = 24.3%) and parental (i.e., monitoring, involvement, nurturance) and peer (i.e., friendship quality, social interaction, peer norms) influences in 5th grade and oral, vaginal, and anal intercourse initiation by 7th and 10th (retention = 89%) grade. RESULTS Among girls, parental monitoring, social interaction, friendship quality, and peer norms predicted sexual initiation. Among boys, parental involvement, social interaction, and peer norms predicted sexual initiation (ps < .05). When ≥1 friend was perceived to have initiated sexual intercourse, third-generation Latinas were more than twice as likely as first- and second-generation Latinas (ps < .05) to initiate vaginal intercourse by 10th grade and almost 5 times as likely as first-generation Latinas to initiate oral intercourse by 7th grade. CONCLUSIONS Among Latina youth, generational status plays a role in social influences on vaginal and oral intercourse initiation. Moreover, Latinas and Latinos differ in which social influences predict sexual intercourse initiation. Preventive efforts for Latino/a youth may need to differ by gender and generational status. (PsycINFO Database Record
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Cabral
- Psychological Sciences and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced
| | - Jan L Wallander
- Psychological Sciences and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced
| | - Anna V Song
- Psychological Sciences and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced
| | | | - Susan R Tortolero
- Prevention Research Center, University of Texas School of Public Health
| | - Sari L Reisner
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Reyes HLM, Foshee VA, Klevens J, Tharp AT, Chapman MV, Chen MS, Ennett ST. Familial Influences on Dating Violence Victimization Among Latino Youth. JOURNAL OF AGGRESSION, MALTREATMENT & TRAUMA 2016; 25:773-792. [PMID: 29503523 PMCID: PMC5831146 DOI: 10.1080/10926771.2016.1210270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite theoretical and empirical evidence suggesting that the family environment plays a central role in Latino youth development, relatively little is known about how family processes influence dating violence victimization among Latino adolescents. To address this gap in the literature, we used data from 210 Latino parents and their 13- to 15-year-old adolescents to examine associations between several different family processes, including both parenting practices (parent monitoring, parent-adolescent communication) and aspects of the family relational climate (family cohesion, family conflict, acculturation conflict) and psychological, physical, and sexual dating violence victimization. Consistent with expectations, lower levels of family cohesion and higher levels of family and acculturation conflict were associated with risk for dating violence victimization, although associations varied depending on victimization type. In contrast, neither parental monitoring nor parent-adolescent communication was significantly associated with any type of dating violence victimization. In addition, we found that parent, but not teen, Anglo-American acculturation was associated with higher dating violence victimization risk. Findings suggest that family-based dating abuse prevention programs for Latino youth should seek to increase family cohesion and decrease family conflict, including acculturation-based conflict.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Luz McNaughton Reyes
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Vangie A. Foshee
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joanne Klevens
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Andra Teten Tharp
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mimi V. Chapman
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - May S. Chen
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Susan T. Ennett
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Marsiglia FF, Ayers SL, Baldwin-White A, Booth J. Changing Latino Adolescents' Substance Use Norms and Behaviors: the Effects of Synchronized Youth and Parent Drug Use Prevention Interventions. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2016; 17:1-12. [PMID: 26103920 PMCID: PMC4690799 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-015-0574-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
While parent and youth substance use prevention interventions have shown beneficial effects on preadolescents, many programs have typically targeted US born European American and African American families while overlooking the unique factors that characterize recent immigrant Latino families. This article presents the results on youth substance use when adding a culturally grounded parenting component, Familias Preparando la Nueva Generación (FPNG), to the existing and already proven efficacious classroom-based drug abuse prevention intervention, keepin'it REAL (kiR). Data come from youth (N = 267) participating in the randomized control trial of the interventions who were surveyed at baseline (beginning at 7th grade) and 18 months later (end of 8th grade). Using multivariate linear regression path analyses, results indicate when FPNG and kiR are combined, youth had significantly lowered alcohol and cigarettes use at the end of 8th grade, mediated through anti-drug norms, when compared with youth who only participated in kiR without parental participation in FPNG. These findings indicate that adolescent normative beliefs and related behaviors can be changed through synchronized culturally grounded parent and youth interventions and together can play an important role in reducing adolescent substance use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavio F Marsiglia
- Arizona State University, 411 N. Central Ave, Suite 720, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Stephanie L Ayers
- Arizona State University, 411 N. Central Ave, Suite 720, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schofield TJ, Conger RD, Robins RW. Early adolescent substance use in Mexican origin families: Peer selection, peer influence, and parental monitoring. Drug Alcohol Depend 2015; 157:129-35. [PMID: 26525416 PMCID: PMC4663140 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because adolescents vary in their susceptibility to peer influence, the current study addresses potential reciprocal effects between associating with deviant peers and use of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs (ATOD), as well as the potential buffering role of parental monitoring on these reciprocal effects. METHOD 674 children of Mexican origin reported at fifth and seventh grade (10.4 years old at fifth grade) on the degree to which they associated with deviant peers, intended to use alcohol, tobacco or other drugs (ATOD) in the future, and had used controlled substances during the past year. Trained observers rated parental monitoring from video-recorded family interactions at the first assessment. RESULTS Youth who intended to use ATODs during fifth grade experienced a relative increase in number of deviant peers by seventh grade, and youth with more deviant peers in fifth grade were more likely to use ATODs by seventh grade. Parental monitoring buffered (i.e., moderated) the reciprocal association between involvement with deviant peers and both intent to use ATODs and actual use of ATODs. CONCLUSIONS Parental monitoring can disrupt the reciprocal associations between deviant peers and ATOD use during the transition from childhood to adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Schofield
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies at Iowa State University,To whom all correspondence should be addressed at 1360 Palmer, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA. phone: 530-60101744 fax: 515-294-2502
| | - Rand D. Conger
- Department of Human Ecology at the University of California, Davis. One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Richard W. Robins
- Department of Psychology at the University of California, Davis. One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Strunin L, Rosa Díaz-Martínez L, Díaz-Martínez A, Heeren T, Winter M, Kuranz S, Hernández-Ávila CA, Fernández-Varela H, Solís-Torres C. Parental monitoring and family relations: associations with drinking patterns among male and female Mexican students. Addict Behav 2015; 51:143-51. [PMID: 26256470 PMCID: PMC4558234 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parental monitoring and family relations are recognized as protective factors for youth alcohol use. The purpose of this study was to investigate perceived parental monitoring and family relations among subgroups of Mexican youths with different patterns of drinking behaviors and consequences. METHODS A latent profile analysis (LPA) identified profiles of drinking behavior in a cross-sectional survey of entering first year university students. Multinomial regression examined associations between parental monitoring, family relations and drinking profiles among 22,224 students. RESULTS Both lower perceived parental monitoring and weaker perceived family relations were associated with heavier drinking profiles among males and females, but more strongly associated with female than male heavier drinking profiles. Being older, having parents with lower education, and not living with parents were also associated with lower parental monitoring and weaker family relations. There was a general trend of lower parental monitoring and weaker family relations as the profiles increased from Non/Infrequent-No Consequences to Excessive-Many Consequences Drinkers. Lower perceived parental monitoring and weaker perceived family relations were more strongly associated with drinking profiles among females than among males. Both the parental monitoring and family relations scales had similar associations with drinking profiles. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that drinking norms and values may contribute to any protective influences of parental monitoring and family relations on Mexican youths' drinking. Research about changes in drinking norms, contextual factors, and youth-parent trust would inform the utility of parental monitoring or family relations as protective strategies against alcohol misuse among Mexican and Mexican American youths and also youths from other backgrounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lee Strunin
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Ave., Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - L Rosa Díaz-Martínez
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico/National Institute on Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Delegacion Tlalpan, México, D.F. 14570, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Díaz-Martínez
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Edifico "F" Primer Piso. Circuito Escolar S/N. Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacan, México, D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - Timothy Heeren
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Ave., Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Michael Winter
- Data Coordinating Center, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Ave., Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Seth Kuranz
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Ave., Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Carlos A Hernández-Ávila
- Department of Psychiatry and Alcohol Research Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Héctor Fernández-Varela
- General Medical Services, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Circuito Escolar S-N Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacan, México, D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - Cuauhtémoc Solís-Torres
- General Medical Services, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Circuito Escolar S-N Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacan, México, D.F. 04510, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Grindal M, Nieri T. The relationship between ethnic-racial socialization and adolescent substance use: An examination of social learning as a causal mechanism. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2015; 15:3-24. [PMID: 26309147 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2014.993785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The presence of parental socialization messages relevant to a child's race/ethnicity--ethnic-racial socialization (ERS)--have been found to be an important predictor of developmental outcomes. However, scholars have recently called for greater theoretical clarification, citing the need for better understanding of how the effects of ethnic-racial socialization messages differ by dimension and what causal mechanisms underlie this relationship. Using survey data from 269 Southern California high school students, this study tested a theoretical model examining how 3 dimensions of ERS differentially relate to adolescent substance use, and how much these links are mediated by peer substance use social learning (Akers, 2009). Using structural equation modeling, we cross-sectionally and longitudinally tested the pathways between ERS and peer substance use social learning and between peer social learning and substance use. We found that 2 of the 3 dimensions of ERS were related to substance use. Cultural socialization was associated with lower substance use, and promotion of mistrust was associated with greater substance use. Both effects were indirect and mediated by peer substance use social learning. These results were replicated in a separate analysis of the largest ethnic subsample (Latinos). Ethnic-racial socialization messages that stress pride in one's ethnic group and the development of one's ethnic identity (cultural socialization) may be a protective factor against future substance use by inhibiting the association with substance-using peers, whereas messages that stress distrust of other ethnic groups (promotion of mistrust) may be a risk factor against future substance use by promoting the association with substance-using peers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Grindal
- a University of California, Riverside , Riverside , California
| | - Tanya Nieri
- a University of California, Riverside , Riverside , California
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Strunin L, Díaz-Martínez A, Díaz-Martínez LR, Kuranz S, Hernández-Ávila CA, Pantridge CE, Fernández-Varela H. Natural mentors and youth drinking: a qualitative study of Mexican youths. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2015; 30:660-670. [PMID: 26187913 PMCID: PMC4592352 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyv030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Parental influences on youth drinking are well documented but not the influence of extended family members. This article explores extended family influences on alcohol use among Mexican youths and whether extended family members can be considered natural mentors. We conducted a qualitative study using ethnographic open ended interviews with 117 first year university students in Mexico City. The ethnographic interviews revealed six drinking groups: excessive, heavy, regular, occasional, abstainers and non drinkers. Youths reported close relationships with extended family members who provided counsel and acted as representatives of familial norms and values. The alcohol beliefs and behaviors of these family members, including their alcohol misuse, had a positive influence on youths' alcohol attitudes. The naturally occurring mentoring relationships of Mexican extended family members can positively influence moderate youth drinking. Natural mentoring relationships should be encouraged and facilitated in prevention efforts for Mexican youths, Mexican-American youths and potentially other Hispanic/Latino youths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lee Strunin
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Medical Campus, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Rm 452, Boston, MA 02118, USA,
| | - Alejandro Díaz-Martínez
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - L Rosa Díaz-Martínez
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico/National Institute on Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Seth Kuranz
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Medical Campus, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Rm 452, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Carlos A Hernández-Ávila
- Department of Psychiatry and Alcohol Research Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA and
| | - Caroline E Pantridge
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Medical Campus, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Rm 452, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Héctor Fernández-Varela
- General Medical Services, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Clark DA, Donnellan MB, Robins RW, Conger RD. Early adolescent temperament, parental monitoring, and substance use in Mexican-origin adolescents. J Adolesc 2015; 41:121-30. [PMID: 25841175 PMCID: PMC4420705 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that temperamental dispositions are associated with substance use. However, most research supporting this association has relied on European American samples (Stautz & Cooper, 2013). We addressed this gap by evaluating the prospective relations between 5th grade temperament and 9th grade substance use in a longitudinal sample of Mexican-origin youth (N = 674). Effortful control and trait aggressiveness predicted 9th grade substance use, intentions, and expectations, even after controlling for 5th grade substance use. Additionally, we found an interaction between temperament and parental monitoring such that monitoring is a protective factor for early substance use primarily for youth with temperamental tendencies associated with risk for substance use (e.g., low effortful control and aggression). Results add to the growing literature demonstrating that early manifestations of self-control are related to consequential life outcomes.
Collapse
|
16
|
Strunin L, Díaz-Martínez A, Díaz-Martínez LR, Kuranz S, Hernández–Ávila CA, García-Bernabé CC, Fernández-Varela H. Alcohol Use among Mexican Youths: Is Familismo Protective for Moderate Drinking? JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2015; 24:309-316. [PMID: 25642122 PMCID: PMC4308979 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-013-9837-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The construct of familismo has been identified as a potential protective cultural value in Hispanic cultures. This paper considers familismo and alcohol use among young people in Mexico. We conducted a qualitative study using ethnographic open ended interviews with 117 first year students at a large free public university in Mexico City between April-May 2011. The findings indicate that dimensions of familismo can act as protective factors against misuse of alcohol among Mexican youths and may be protective for moderate drinking. Future research should explore the relationship of familismo to gender roles and other cultural values during adolescence. Given the enduring influence of Mexican cultural values among Mexican Americans the research has implications for prevention programs for both Mexican and Mexican American youths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lee Strunin
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health Medical Campus, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Rm 452, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Alejandro Díaz-Martínez
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - L. Rosa Díaz-Martínez
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Seth Kuranz
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos A Hernández–Ávila
- Department of Psychiatry and Alcohol Research Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - C. Camilo García-Bernabé
- National Institute on Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Calzada México-Xochimilco no.101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Delegacion Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Héctor Fernández-Varela
- Director General, General Medical Services, National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Scalici F, Schulz PJ. Influence of perceived parent and peer endorsement on adolescent smoking intentions: parents have more say, but their influence wanes as kids get older. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101275. [PMID: 24991921 PMCID: PMC4081496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the study is to investigate how adolescents' perception of parents' and peers' smoking approval influences adolescent smoking intention, and how age affects this influence in a Swiss sample of adolescents. To know the influence of age can help to develop specific prevention programs tailored to the age groups needs. Method in a cross sectional survey, students aged between 11 and 14 from public and private middle schools in the Italian region of Switzerland (Ticino) answered questions on smoking habits, parents' and peers' approval and intention to smoke. Results peers' and parents' approval significantly influence students' smoking intention, and students' age significantly moderates this relation: the effect of parents' approval decreases for older adolescents, while the effect of peers' approval increases with age. No difference is found between girls and boys, while non-Swiss are more likely to smoke than Swiss students. Conclusions as literature suggests, results evidence the role parents play during early adolescence. Prevention programs targeting parent-child communication in early adolescence for preventing children's tobacco consumption are strongly supported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Scalici
- Institute of Communication and Health, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Peter J. Schulz
- Institute of Communication and Health, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Marsiglia FF, Nagoshi JL, Parsai M, Castro FG. The effects of parental acculturation and parenting practices on the substance use of Mexican-heritage adolescents from southwestern Mexican neighborhoods. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2014; 13:288-311. [PMID: 25176121 PMCID: PMC4206522 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2014.905215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A sample of 189 Mexican-heritage seventh grade adolescents reported their substance use, while one of the child's parents reported parent's acculturation and communication, involvement, and positive parenting with his or her child. Higher levels of parental acculturation predicted greater marijuana use, whereas parent communication predicted lower cigarette and marijuana use among girls. A significant parent acculturation by parent communication interaction for cigarette use was due to parent communication being highly negatively associated with marijuana use for high acculturated parents, with attenuated effects for low acculturated parents. A significant child gender by parent acculturation by parent positive parenting interaction was found. For girls, positive parenting had a stronger association with lower cigarette use for high acculturated parents. For boys, positive parenting had a stronger association with reduced cigarette use for low acculturated parents. Discussion focuses on how acculturation and gender impact family processes among Mexican-heritage adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavio F Marsiglia
- a Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Social Work , Arizona State University , Phoenix , Arizona
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sparks SN, Tisch R, Gardner M. Family-centered interventions for substance abuse in Hispanic communities. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2013; 12:68-81. [PMID: 23480212 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2013.759785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Treatment programs geared toward Hispanic culture are extremely rare, and programs involving the entire Hispanic family are virtually nonexistent. Two prospective studies test the hypothesis that a family-centered intervention is as effective with Hispanic families as it is with non-Hispanic families. First, the program (Celebrating Families!) was presented in English to non-Hispanic and Hispanic families. Second, the program was translated into Spanish and adapted to Spanish culture (¡Celebrando Familias!). Hispanic families were compared with non-Hispanic families in both studies. These studies indicate that a family-centered treatment model can be an effective treatment intervention for Hispanic clients.
Collapse
|
20
|
Parental factors associated with mexican american adolescent alcohol use. JOURNAL OF ADDICTION 2013; 2013:205189. [PMID: 24804138 PMCID: PMC4008520 DOI: 10.1155/2013/205189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to further the understanding of how parenting and the relationship between the parent and the youth influence adolescent alcohol use in Mexican American families, with particular attention to acculturation. Results indicated that parental warmth is a strong factor in predicting adolescent alcohol use among Mexican adolescents. The parent-youth relationship played an important role in lowering alcohol use for Mexican American youth. Acculturation has an impact on the level of warmth, control, and the parent-youth relationship for Mexican American families. Findings indicate that there are unique family mechanisms for Mexican American families that should be considered when developing prevention and treatment options.
Collapse
|
21
|
Erginoz E, Alikasifoglu M, Ercan O, Uysal O, Alp Z, Ocak S, Oktay Tanyildiz G, Ekici B, Yucel IK, Albayrak Kaymak D. The Role of Parental, School, and Peer Factors in Adolescent Bullying Involvement. Asia Pac J Public Health 2013; 27:NP1591-603. [DOI: 10.1177/1010539512473144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between involvement in bullying behaviors and school, family, and peer factors. Health Behavior in School Age Children survey questionnaire was used. Of the students surveyed, 20% were both bully and victim, 11% were bully, and 21% were victim. Being male, poor parental support, and poor monitoring by the father were found to be risk factors for being both bully and victim. Poor academic achievement, having peers at different ages, poor quality of friendship, poor communication with parents, and not being isolated by peers were found to be risk factors for being bully. Not liking school, feeling pressured by school work, poor quality of friendship, poor monitoring by the father, close bonding with mother, and poor status of the peer group were found to be risk factors for being victim. These findings highlight the importance that bullying intervention programs should include country-specific and culture-specific influences for success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oya Ercan
- Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
The importance of family factors to protect against substance use related problems among Mexican heritage and White youth. Drug Alcohol Depend 2012; 124:34-41. [PMID: 22222253 PMCID: PMC3337392 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined the ability of family cohesion, parental control, and parent-child attachment to prevent adolescents with a history of drug or alcohol use from experiencing subsequent problems related to their use. METHODS Data came from Wave I and Wave II of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health and included Mexican heritage and White adolescents who reported alcohol use (n = 4894, 25% prevalence) or any other drug use (n = 2875, 14% prevalence) in their lifetime. RESULTS Logistic regression results indicate greater parent-child attachment predicted lower risk of experiencing drug use problems (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.77-0.98) while stronger family cohesion predicted lower odds of experiencing drug- (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.70-0.97) or alcohol-related (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.65-0.84) problems. Parental control was also negatively associated with odds of problems related to drug use (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.86-0.99) or alcohol use (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.90-0.99). Results also indicated family cohesion was the only protective factor for Mexican heritage youth while family cohesion and parent-child attachment were protective among White youth. Parental control protected White female adolescents from drug use problems more than males. Mexican heritage male adolescents experienced more protection from drug problems compared to females. CONCLUSION Findings highlight the need for prevention interventions to emphasize parent-child attachment for White youth and family cohesion for both Mexican-heritage and White youth to decrease adolescent substance users' drug- and alcohol-related problems.
Collapse
|
23
|
Wentzel KR, Baker SA, Russell SL. Young Adolescents' Perceptions of Teachers' and Peers' Goals as Predictors of Social and Academic Goal Pursuit. APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW-PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUEE-REVUE INTERNATIONALE 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-0597.2012.00508.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
24
|
Kulis S, Marsiglia FF, Nagoshi JL. Gender roles and substance use among Mexican American adolescents: a relationship moderated by acculturation? Subst Use Misuse 2012; 47:214-29. [PMID: 22136419 PMCID: PMC3402241 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2011.630438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This research assesses the effects of adaptive/ maladaptive gender roles and acculturation in predicting substance use in a 2007 sample of 1466 Mexican American seventh-grade adolescents from Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A. Multiple regression analyses found significant effects for both adaptive and maladaptive gender roles, as well as several gender-specific interactions between gender roles and linguistic acculturation that predicted substance use. Limitations of the research are noted, as well as implications for understanding the impact of acculturation on how gender roles differentially affect substance use in Mexican American boys versus girls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Kulis
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Marsiglia FF, Nagoshi JL, Parsai M, Castro FG. The influence of linguistic acculturation and parental monitoring on the substance use of Mexican-heritage adolescents in predominantly Mexican enclaves of the Southwest US. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2012; 11:226-41. [PMID: 22931157 PMCID: PMC3477602 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2012.701566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study presents the results of an assessment of 377 Mexican heritage 7th grade adolescents attending middle school in Arizona. The students answered questions concerning personal substance use, linguistic acculturation and parental monitoring. Linguistic acculturation in general did not predict substance use, while greater perceived parental monitoring significantly predicted a lesser likelihood to use substances for both boys and girls. There was a significant acculturation by parental monitoring interaction for every use of alcohol for boys, with parent monitoring effects being more pronounced in reducing alcohol use among highly acculturated boys. Results are discussed in terms of how acculturation impacts family processes and the drug use behaviors of Mexican heritage adolescents living in predominantly Mexican enclaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavio F Marsiglia
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Social Work, Arizona State University, 411 N. Central Ave., Suite 720, Phoenix, AZ 85004-0693, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ramo DE, Liu H, Prochaska JJ. Tobacco and marijuana use among adolescents and young adults: a systematic review of their co-use. Clin Psychol Rev 2011; 32:105-21. [PMID: 22245559 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2011.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco (TOB) and marijuana (MJ) are the most widely used drugs among adolescents and young adults. The literature on their co-use, however, has not been systematically reviewed. We identified 163 English language articles published from 1999 to 2009 examining TOB and MJ co-use, correlates or consequences of co-use, or interventions for prevention or cessation of co-use with participants aging 13-25 years. Most studies (n=114, 70%) examined TOB and MJ co-use, and 85% of relationships studied indicated a significant association. Fifty-nine studies (36%) examined correlates or consequences of co-use. Factors consistently associated with increased likelihood of co-use, defined as significant associations in at least four studies, were African-American ethnicity, mental and physical health characteristics (e.g., high-intensity pleasure temperament), and school characteristics (e.g., good grades). The only consistent consequence of co-use was exacerbation of mental health symptoms. Few studies examined prevention (n=3) or cessation (n=2) interventions for TOB and MJ co-use, and the findings were stronger for prevention efforts. A sufficient literature base has documented that TOB and MJ use are strongly related in young people, yet few consistent correlates and consequences of co-use have been identified to inform intervention targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E Ramo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, Box TRC 0984, San Francisco, CA 94114, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kopak AM, Ayers S, Lopez V, Stevenson P. Parental Monitoring, Alcohol, and Marijuana use Among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Adolescents: Findings from the Arizona Youth Survey. JOURNAL OF DRUG ISSUES 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/002204261104100402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Parental monitoring serves as a key element in the reduction of adolescent substance use, but little is known about how various monitoring practices relate to different levels of use. This study examined the association between two forms of parental monitoring (parental knowledge and parental supervision) and two substance use outcomes (alcohol and marijuana) for Hispanic and non-Hispanic White eighth graders using the Arizona Youth Survey (n = 11,703). Results demonstrated that parental supervision and parental knowledge protected against alcohol and marijuana use for both ethnic groups, but tests for ethnic differences indicated that parental supervision was more protective against high levels of marijuana use for White youth compared to Hispanic youth. Gender differences were also observed with girls benefitting more from both forms of monitoring compared to boys. However, these effects were dependent on the level of substance use involvement and the substance use outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert M. Kopak
- Arizona State University, Department of Criminology, Western Carolina University
| | - Stephanie Ayers
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center at Arizona State University (ASU)
| | - Vera Lopez
- Arizona State University, School Psychology from the University of Texas
| | - Phillip Stevenson
- Arizona Statistical Analysis Center at the Arizona Criminal Justice Commission. Arizona State University's School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nagoshi JL, Marsiglia FF, Parsai M, Castro FG. THE MODERATING EFFECTS OF ETHNIC IDENTIFICATION ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTAL MONITORING AND SUBSTANCE USE IN MEXICAN HERITAGE ADOLESCENTS IN THE SOUTHWEST UNITED STATES. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2011; 39:520-533. [PMID: 21874076 PMCID: PMC3161251 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.20449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the combined effects of ethnic identification and perceived parental monitoring on the substance use of a sample of 162 male and 192 female Mexican heritage seventh grade adolescents. Parental monitoring predicted lower risk for substance use. An interaction of ethnic identification by parental monitoring was observed with parental monitoring exhibiting stronger effects in decreasing use of alcohol use among boys who scored low on ethnic identification. For girls, decreased substance use was predicted by stronger parental monitoring coupled with high ethnic identification. Results are discussed in terms of how the youth's ethnic identification is a distinct process from acculturation, and how ethnic identification may operate as an added protective factor in conjunction with parental monitoring, as protective factors against adolescent substance abuse.
Collapse
|
29
|
Bermúdez Parsai M, Castro FG, Marsiglia FF, Harthun ML, Valdez H. Using community based participatory research to create a culturally grounded intervention for parents and youth to prevent risky behaviors. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2011; 12:34-47. [PMID: 21107693 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-010-0188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The principal goal of this article is to contribute to the field of prevention science by providing a sequential description of how Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) was used to develop a parent education curriculum aimed at preventing and decreasing adolescent drug use and risky sexual behaviors. CBPR principles are outlined, and information is provided on the unique contributions of researchers and community members who came together to develop this parent education program. Focus group information is presented as an exemplar to illustrate how thematic content from focus groups was used to inform the development of this parent education curriculum. A step by step description is given to facilitate replication of this process by other prevention researchers who are interested in applying this CBPR approach to develop a culturally responsive parent education intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Bermúdez Parsai
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, 411 N. Central Avenue, Suite 720, Phoenix, AZ 85008, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Marsiglia FF, Yabiku ST, Kulis S, Nieri T, Parsai M, Becerra D. The Influence of Linguistic Acculturation and Gender on the Initiation of Substance Use Among Mexican Heritage Preadolescents in the Borderlands. THE JOURNAL OF EARLY ADOLESCENCE 2011; 31:271-299. [PMID: 21660121 PMCID: PMC3108799 DOI: 10.1177/0272431610363157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This article examined the impact of linguistic acculturation and gender on the substance use initiation of a sample of 1,473 Mexican heritage preadolescents attending 30 public schools in Phoenix, Arizona. It was hypothesized that linguistic acculturation operates differently as a risk or protective factor for young children than for older youth. The study used discrete-time event history methods to model the rate at which nonusing children initiate substance use. Alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, and inhalants were studied separately while inhalant use was examined more closely. Results suggested that while linguistic acculturation is a risk factor for Mexican heritage preadolescents, this association depended on gender, the linguistic acculturation context (family, friends, or media), and the type of substance. For inhalants, higher linguistic acculturation with friends was inversely associated with drug initiation both for boys and girls. Implications for preventive science and future intervention research are discussed.
Collapse
|
31
|
Becerra D, Castillo J. Culturally protective parenting practices against substance use among adolescents in Mexico. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2010. [DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2010.518199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
32
|
Yabiku ST, Marsiglia FF, Kulis S, Parsai MB, Becerra D, Del-Colle M. Parental monitoring and changes in substance use among Latino/a and non-Latino/a preadolescents in the Southwest. Subst Use Misuse 2010; 45:2524-50. [PMID: 20394523 PMCID: PMC3108798 DOI: 10.3109/10826081003728256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Prior research shows parental monitoring is associated with less substance use, but these studies have some limitations. Many examine older adolescents from White, Euro-American heritage, and cross-sectional studies are unable to test if parental monitoring decreases substance use over time. We address these limitations with longitudinal data of 2,034 primarily Latino preadolescents in Phoenix, Arizona, USA in 2004-2005. We use multilevel regression with multiple imputation of missing data. We find parental monitoring has beneficial, longitudinal effects on youth's substance use and related intentions, norms, and attitudes. Effects are invariant to gender or Latino ethnicity, except in the case of marijuana.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott T Yabiku
- School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lac A, Unger JB, Basáñez T, Ritt-Olson A, Soto DW, Baezconde-Garbanati L. Marijuana use among Latino adolescents: gender differences in protective familial factors. Subst Use Misuse 2010; 46:644-55. [PMID: 20977294 PMCID: PMC3753174 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2010.528121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Given the important contextual function of family dynamics and traditional gender roles in Latino cultures, parental influences on substance use among Latino adolescents may differ across genders. This study examined associations between family factors (parental monitoring, parent-child communication, family cohesion, and familism) and marijuana use among 1,369 Latino adolescents in Southern California. Students from seven schools completed surveys in 9th and 11th grades. Longitudinal hierarchical linear regression analyses evaluated the associations between family factors in 9th grade and lifetime marijuana use in 11th grade, as well as gender differences in these associations. Girls reported higher levels of parental monitoring, parental communication, and familism than boys did, but there were no gender differences in family cohesiveness. In a regression model controlling for covariates and previous marijuana use, parent-child communication and family cohesion in 9th grade were each uniquely predictive of lower levels of marijuana consumption in 11th grade. Gender was a statistical moderator, such that higher levels of parent-child communication predicted lower marijuana use among boys, whereas girls' use was relatively low regardless of parent-child communication levels. Results are discussed in the light of the concurrent socialization processes of family and gender in Latino culture and its relation to preventing delinquent behaviors such as marijuana use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Lac
- Department of Psychology, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|