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Li Z, Meng C, Azad MAK, Lin W, Gui J, Cui Y, Lan W, He Q, Kong X. Dietary Chinese herbal formula supplementation improves yolk fatty acid profile in aged laying hens. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-11. [PMID: 38404134 PMCID: PMC10898270 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2319828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbal formula (CHF) has the potential to improve the performance of aged laying hens through integrated regulation of various physiological functions. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary CHF supplementation on the yolk fatty acid profile in aged laying hens. A total of 144 healthy 307-day-old Xinyang black-feather laying hens were randomly allocated into two groups: a control group (CON, fed a basal diet) and a CHF group (fed a basal diet supplemented with 1% CHF; contained 0.30% Leonurus japonicus Houtt., 0.20% Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., 0.25% Ligustrum lucidum Ait., and 0.25% Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz. for 120 days). The fatty acid concentrations in egg yolks were analyzed using a targeted metabolomics technology at days 60 and 120 of the trial. The results showed that dietary CHF supplementation increased (p < .05) the concentrations of several saturated fatty acids (SFA, including myristic acid and stearic acid), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA, including petroselinic acid, elaidic acid, trans-11-eicosenoic acid, and cis-11-eicosenoic acid), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, including linolelaidic acid, linoleic acid, γ-linolenic acid, α-linolenic acid, 11c,14c-eicosadienoic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, homo-γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid), and fatty acid indexes (total MUFA, n-3 and n-6 PUFA, PUFA/SFA, hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolaemic ratio, health promotion index, and desirable fatty acids) in egg yolks. Collectively, these findings suggest that dietary CHF supplementation could improve the nutritional value of fatty acids in egg yolks of aged laying hens, which would be beneficial for the production of healthier eggs to meet consumer demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chengwen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Md Abul Kalam Azad
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Wencao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Jue Gui
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yadong Cui
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China
| | - Wei Lan
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China
| | - Qinghua He
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China
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Alaraji F. An innovative protocol to increase egg production of chicken layers. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305099. [PMID: 38843257 PMCID: PMC11156288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of different doses of limestone, light durations, light intensities, and vitamins on both the productive performance and egg quality. The study utilized two rearing houses (control and treatment), each accommodating 75000 Lohmann Brown Classic chicks reared in open-sided rearing cages from one day old until they reached 89 weeks of age. Throughout the laying period, the hens were subjected to a specific light regimen (light = 14 h; dark = 10 h a day). At the end of experiment, the treatment group displayed significant (p<0.05) differences compared to the control group across various parameters. Notably, the treatment group exhibited lower daily feed intake (treatment: 112 g/bird vs control: 115 g/bird), 9.6% higher egg production (treatment: 78.5% vs control: 68.9%), lower body weight (treatment: 2057 g vs control: 2073 g), lower feed conversion ratio (FCR)/egg (treatment: 1.44 vs control: 1.69), higher egg weight (treatment: 69.4 g vs control: 68.5 g), greater egg mass (treatment: 56.14 vs control: 48.76), greater shell thickness (treatment: 3.52 mm vs control: 3.44 mm), and greater shell weight (treatment: 9.3 g vs control: 8.79 g). However, the albumin weight, yolk weight, yolk diameter, shape index, and Haugh units (HU) were not significantly (p˃0.05) affected after 75 weeks of treatment when compared with those of the control group. Therefore, this study is the first of its kind to demonstrate that different ratios of limestone, different durations and intensities of light, and different vitamin supplementation doses in the treatment group (subjected to the novel rearing recommendations described in this study) may yield a profit of 180,541 USD, exceeding the baseline profit of the control group (subjected to conventional rearing methods).
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Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Alaraji
- Department of Pathology and Poultry Diseases, University of Kufa, Kufa, Al-Najaf Province, Iraq
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Chang XY, Uchechukwu Edna O, Wang J, Zhang HJ, Zhou JM, Qiu K, Wu SG. Histological and molecular difference in albumen quality between post-adolescent hens and aged hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103618. [PMID: 38564835 PMCID: PMC10999699 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The decline in albumen quality resulting from aging hens poses a threat to the financial benefits of the egg industry. Exploring the underlying mechanisms from the perspective of cell molecules of albumen formation is significant for the efficient regulation of albumen quality. Two individual groups of Hy-Line Brown layers with ages of 40 (W40) and 100 (W100) wk old were used in the present study. Each group contained over 2,000 birds. This study assessed the egg quality, biochemical indicators and physiological status of hens between W40 and W100. Subsequently, a quantitative proteomic analysis was conducted to identify differences in protein abundance in magnum tissues between W40 and W100. In the W40 group, significant increases (P < 0.05) were notable for albumen quality (thick albumen solid content, albumen height, Haugh unit), serum indices (calcium, estrogen, and progesterone levels), magnum histomorphology (myosin light-chain kinase content, secretory capacity, mucosal fold, goblet cell count and proportion) as well as the total antioxidant capacity of the liver. However, the luminal diameter of the magnum, albumen gel properties and random coil of the albumen were increased (P < 0.05) in the W100 group. The activity of glutathione, superoxidase dismutase, and malondialdehyde in the liver, magnum, and serum did not vary (P > 0.05) among the groups. Proteomic analysis revealed the identification of 118 differentially expressed proteins between the groups, which comprised proteins associated with protein secretion, DNA damage and repair, cell proliferation, growth, antioxidants, and apoptosis. Furthermore, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes pathway analysis revealed that BRCA2 and FBN1 were significantly downregulated in Fanconi anemia (FA) and TGF-β signaling pathways in W100, validated through quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In conclusion, significant age-related variations in albumen quality, and magnum morphology are regulated by proteins involved in antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Chang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Obianwuna Uchechukwu Edna
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hai-Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jian-Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kai Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Shu-Geng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Du X, Zhao D, Pian H, Li Y, Wu X, Liu F, Yu D. Effects of puerarin as a feed additive on the laying performance, egg quality, endocrine hormones, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal morphology of aged laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103420. [PMID: 38518669 PMCID: PMC10973177 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of puerarin (Pue), a phytoestrogen, on the production performance, egg quality, endocrine hormones, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal morphology in aged laying hens. A total of 180 Hy-Line Brown hens aged 480 d were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 45 per group) and fed 0, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg of Pue (Con, L-Pue, M-Pue, and H-Pue, respectively) during a 42-d experiment. Compared with the Con treatment, supplementation with H-Pue improved laying performance and egg quality by significantly increasing egg production, average egg weight, albumen height, yolk weight, and Haugh unit (P < 0.05) while decreasing the feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). A diet supplemented with H-Pue significantly decreasing serum total triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.05), and significantly increasing serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and progesterone (P < 0.05). Antioxidant activity was improved by significantly increasing the activity of total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase and catalase but decreasing malondialdehyde levels in serum, jejunum, and ileum (P < 0.05), and superoxide dismutase activity exhibited a significantly increase in the jejunum and ileum (P < 0.05). Villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (P < 0.05) were significantly increased in the jejunum and ileum. In the jejunal and ileal mucosa, the three treatment groups increased the mRNA expression levels of Claudin-1 and Claudin-2 compared with Con (P < 0.05), and no significant effect was observed on the expression of Occludin and ZO-1. The results showed that dietary supplementation with Pue could improve the laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant capacity, hormonal profile, and intestinal morphology of aged laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubin Du
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety of Ministry of Education & Single Molecule Nanometry Laboratory (Sinmolab), Nanjing, Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
| | - Dong Zhao
- School of Animal Medical, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, 225300, China
| | - Huifang Pian
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety of Ministry of Education & Single Molecule Nanometry Laboratory (Sinmolab), Nanjing, Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Debing Yu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
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Hu H, Li A, Shi C, Chen L, Zhao Z, Yin X, Zhang Q, Huang Y, Pan H. Mulberry branch fiber improved lipid metabolism and egg yolk fatty acid composition of laying hens via the enterohepatic axis. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:73. [PMID: 38605412 PMCID: PMC11010431 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01788-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The utilization of mulberry branch fiber (MF), the largest by-product of the sericulture industry, is an important issue. Supplementation with MF as a dietary fiber for poultry may serve as a useful application. However, little is known about the effects of MF on liver lipid metabolism and egg yolk fatty acid composition of laying hens and their underlying mechanisms. In this study, we performed a multi-omics investigation to explore the variations in liver lipid metabolism, egg yolk fatty acid composition, gut microbiota, and the associations among them induced by dietary MF in laying hens. RESULTS Dietary MF had no harmful effects on the laying performance or egg quality in laying hens. The enzyme activities associated with lipid metabolism in the liver were altered by the addition of 5% MF, resulting in reduced liver fat accumulation. Furthermore, dietary 5% MF induced the variation in the fatty acid profiles of egg yolk, and increased the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content. We observed a significant reduction in the diversity of both gut bacteria and changes in their compositions after the addition of MF. Dietary MF significantly increased the abundance of genes involved in fatty acid biodegradation, and short-chain fatty acids biosynthesis in the gut microbiota of laying hens. The significant correlations were observed between the liver lipid metabolism enzyme activities of hepatic lipase, lipoprotein lipase, and total esterase with gut microbiota, including negative correlations with gut microbiota diversity, and multiple correlations with gut bacteria and viruses. Moreover, various correlations between the contents of PUFAs and monounsaturated fatty acids in egg yolk with the gut microbiota were obtained. Based on partial-least-squares path modeling integrated with the multi-omics datasets, we deduced the direct effects of liver enzyme activities and gut bacterial compositions on liver fat content and the roles of liver enzyme activities and gut bacterial diversity on egg yolk fatty acid composition. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that dietary MF is beneficial to laying hens as it reduces the liver fat and improves egg yolk fatty acid composition through the enterohepatic axis. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Hu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Anjian Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Changyou Shi
- University of Maryl and School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21228, USA
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zelong Zhao
- Shanghai BIOZERON Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- WOD Poultry Research Institute, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Hongbin Pan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
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Yao H, Hu Y, Tong H, Shi S. Dimethylglycine Alleviates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Improving the Circulating Estrogen Level via Gut Staphylococcus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2708-2717. [PMID: 38131116 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study screened out dietary 0.1% dimethylglycine (DMG), which had beneficial effects on egg production and fat deposition in laying hens during the late laying period. In this paper, it was further found that dietary DMG alleviated fatty liver disease and enhanced lipid deposited into the yolk while promoting hepatic lipid transport. There are intestinal estrogen-metabolizing bacteria (EBM) having β-glucuronase (GUS) activity that regulates the content of circulating estrogen (E2) in mammals. There were 39 related bacteria found in laying hens, and DMG increased E2 in blood, Staphylococcus abundance among EBM and GUS activity in cecum chyme. Interfered in situ, Staphylococcus with GUS activity was proved the target bacteria for DMG. Furthermore, E2 could modify hepatic lipid deposition through promoting lipid transport by the steatosis LMH model. These perspectives confirm that DMG, mediated by Staphylococcus, alleviates the restriction of hepatic lipid transport due to reduced levels of E2 in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yao
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Haibing Tong
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Shourong Shi
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
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Sharma MK, Singh AK, Goo D, Choppa VSR, Ko H, Shi H, Kim WK. Graded levels of Eimeria infection modulated gut physiology and temporarily ceased the egg production of laying hens at peak production. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103229. [PMID: 38007903 PMCID: PMC10801662 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to investigate the changes in gastrointestinal physiology, including intestinal leakage, immune response, oxidative stress, along with performance traits, of Hy-Line W-36 laying hens following Eimeria infection at peak egg production. A total of 360 laying hens, at 25 wk of age, were assigned randomly to 5 treatment groups, each consisting of 6 replicate cages, including a nonchallenged control group. The other 4 groups were inoculated with graded levels of mixed Eimeria species as high, medium-high, medium-low, and low doses, respectively. The body weight (BW) and body weight gain (BWG) of laying hens were measured from 0 to 14 days postinoculation (DPI). Average daily feed intake (ADFI) and hen-day egg production (HDEP) were measured from 0 to 15 and 0 to 28 DPI, respectively. Gut permeability was measured on 5 DPI, whereas oxidative stress, immune response, and expression of nutrient transporter genes were measured on 6 and 14 DPI. A significant linear reduction in BW and BWG was observed with increased Eimeria inoculation dosage on both 6 and 14 DPI (P < 0.001, P-Lin < 0.0001). An interaction between the Eimeria dosages and DPI was observed for ADFI (P < 0.0001). Feed intake in the challenged groups decreased starting at 4 DPI, with the most significant drop occurring at 7 DPI, which did not recover until 15 DPI. Following the challenge, gastrointestinal physiology shifted toward the host defense against the Eimeria infection by upregulating mRNA expression of tight junction proteins and immune responses while downregulating the expression of key nutrient transporters on 6 and 14 DPI (P < 0.05). An interaction between the Eimeria inoculation dosage and DPI was also observed for daily HDEP (P < 0.0001). Overall, HDEP was lower in the challenged groups compared to the control. Daily HDEP in the challenged groups dropped from 8 DPI and became similar to the control birds only after 24 DPI. Egg production temporarily ceased in most of the laying hens infected with the high and medium-high dosages of Eimeria. In conclusion, Eimeria infection activated the host immune response, negatively affecting the gastrointestinal health, growth performance, and temporarily ceased the egg production of Hy-Line W-36 laying hens when infected at peak production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Doyun Goo
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Hanseo Ko
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Hanyi Shi
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Woo Kyun Kim
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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Li C, Gao J, Guo S, He B, Ma W. Effects of Curcumin on the Egg Quality and Hepatic Lipid Metabolism of Laying Hens. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:138. [PMID: 38200869 PMCID: PMC10778355 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, the major active compound of turmeric, has shown potential benefits for poultry health and production in various studies. However, its specific role in enhancing the egg quality and liver health of laying hens, as well as its underlying mechanisms, have yet to be determined. Here, a total of 600 Su Qin No.1 Laying hens, aged 55 weeks and with similar laying rates, were randomly placed into five groups, with 10 replicates of 12 hens each. Curcumin doses of 0, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg were added to the basal diet to form the experimental groups. After an 8-week feeding period, no significant changes were observed in the production performance of laying hens due to curcumin supplementation. However, additional tests revealed that a 200 mg/kg curcumin supplementation improved albumen height, yolk color, Haugh unit, and eggshell thickness, while reducing the thin albumen's weight and proportion. This was accompanied by a significant down-regulation of the mRNA expression level of the Prolactin Receptor (Prlr) in the oviduct magnum. Furthermore, the number of hepatic lipid droplets and the hepatic triglyceride (TG) content, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly reduced, indicating improved hepatic lipid metabolism and oxidative status. This was accompanied by a significant reduction in the expressions of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 gene (Srebp-1), fatty acid synthase gene (Fasn), as well as fatty acid synthase (FASN), which are closely related to fatty acid synthesis in the liver. Overall, these findings suggest that curcumin supplementation at a dosage of 200 mg/kg could lead to significant improvements in egg quality and hepatic lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.L.); (J.G.); (S.G.); (B.H.)
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.L.); (J.G.); (S.G.); (B.H.)
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shihui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.L.); (J.G.); (S.G.); (B.H.)
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bin He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.L.); (J.G.); (S.G.); (B.H.)
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wenqiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.L.); (J.G.); (S.G.); (B.H.)
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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9
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Yao W, Wang E, Zhou Y, Han Y, Li S, Yin X, Huang X, Huang F. Effects of garcinol supplementation on the performance, egg quality, and intestinal health of laying hens in the late laying period. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102939. [PMID: 37562130 PMCID: PMC10432834 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The problem of rapid decline in egg production performance and poor egg quality is a key obstacle to improving the economic benefits of laying hens. Garcinol is an antioxidant polyphenol plant extract that has multiple physiological functions. Diets with the appropriate amount of garcinol might be able to improve the performance traits and health of late laying hens. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the utilization of garcinol in late laying hens. A total of 400 healthy 59-wk-old Tingfen No. 6 hens were randomly allocated into 4 dietary treatment groups and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg garcinol for 12 wk, denoted the Con, LG, MG, and HG groups, respectively. The results showed that the addition of garcinol in the diet tended to increase the egg production rate compared with that of the control group (P = 0.080), while the average egg weight was significantly lower (P < 0.05) during the whole period of the experiment. The results showed that MG group hens had higher egg quality and strengthened antioxidant capacity in their serum (P < 0.05). Moreover, the laying hens in the MG group had significantly decreased crypt depth (CD) and increased villus height (VH) in the jejunum and ileum (P < 0.05), as well as an increased ratio of VH to CD (P < 0.05) and increased expression levels of Occludin (P < 0.05) and Claudin-2 (P < 0.05) in the jejunum to improve intestinal barrier function. In addition, dietary supplementation with garcinol influenced the cecal microbiota of laying hens, which was characterized by changes in the microbial community composition, including increased abundances of Firmicutes, Romboutsia, and Ruminococcus torques. In conclusion, dietary 300 mg/kg garcinol supplementation could increase the egg production and egg quality of late laying hens, which may be attributed to the antioxidant effects of garcinol and the improvement of intestinal morphology and epithelial barrier function as well as the regulation of mucosal immune status by altering microbial composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilei Yao
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Enling Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yanxu Han
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shimin Li
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xinyi Yin
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xinlei Huang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Feiruo Huang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
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10
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Liu L, Zhang G, Qu G, Liu B, Zhang X, Li G, Jin N, Li C, Bai J, Zhao C. Effects of dietary Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supplementation on the production performance, egg quality, eggshell ultrastructure, and lipid metabolism of late-phase laying hens. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:150. [PMID: 37684610 PMCID: PMC10486122 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03719-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toward the late phase of laying, the production performance of laying hens decreases, egg quality deteriorates, lipid metabolism weakens, and hepatic lipid accumulation is exacerbated. Probiotics as an alternative to antimicrobials have been employed in poultry-related industries. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is currently the most researched and clinically validated probiotic, showing promising effects in multiple application areas. However, few studies have been conducted on livestock (including poultry) production. RESULTS Compared with the CON group, the feed conversion ratio (P < 0.01) declined significantly in the LGG group. Eggshell strength (P < 0.001) and eggshell thickness (P < 0.001) were significantly increased by supplementation with LGG in the diet. The height (P < 0.001) and proportion (P < 0.05) of the effective layer and the mammillary knob density (P < 0.01) in the eggshell ultrastructure of the LGG group increased significantly, while the mammillary layer (P < 0.05) and knob width (P < 0.01) decreased significantly. The LGG-treated hens had significantly lower serum concentrations of low-density lipoprotein (P < 0.05), free fatty acids (P < 0.01), and liver triglyceride (P < 0.05) levels than those in the CON group. CONCLUSIONS LGG supplementation significantly decreases the feed conversion ratio, improves eggshell quality by altering the ultrastructure, and improves lipid metabolism in the late laying period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Ge Qu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China
- Jilin Genet-Med Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, China
| | - Xiufeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Gaoqian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for the Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, China
| | - Chang Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for the Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, China
| | - Jieying Bai
- Jilin Genet-Med Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, China
- College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Cuiqing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China.
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11
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Song X, Wang D, Zhou Y, Sun Y, Ao X, Hao R, Gao M, Xu Y, Li P, Jia C, Wei Z. Yolk precursor synthesis and deposition in hierarchical follicles and effect on egg production performance of hens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102756. [PMID: 37236035 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Egg production of hens is related to ovarian follicles development. The hierarchical follicle development accompanies the deposition of a large amount of yolk precursor. The aim of this study was to illustrate the effects of strain and age on yolk deposition and egg production. The experiment compared yolk synthesis, transport, and deposition in 3 groups of hens: one of a high-yield commercial hybrid laying breed (Jinghong No.1) in 2 stages (35 wk and 75 wk; JH35, JH75) and one of Chinese native breed (Lueyang Black-Boned chicken) at 35 wk (LY35). The results showed that the number of hierarchical follicles in JH35 and JH75 was significantly more than in LY35. At the same time, the yolk weight of the LY35 and JH75 was significantly higher than that of JH35. The expression of apolipoprotein A1 and apolipoprotein B genes in the liver of JH35 was higher than that of JH75. The expression of the very low-density lipoprotein receptor gene in the JH75 ovary was higher than that of the other 2 groups. The plasma concentrations of very low-density lipoprotein and vitellogenin were no significant difference among groups. The yolk deposition in hierarchical follicles based on the fat-soluble dyes measurement meant that the rate of yolk deposition of LY35 was lower than the other 2 groups. In most cases, the yolk deposition of JH75 was higher than that of the other groups, but the process showed greater fluctuation over time. These results meant that the rate and stability of yolk deposition played an essential role in affecting egg performance. In summary, both strain and age were related to egg production, but the 2 factors might impact yolk deposition and egg-laying performance differently. The egg performance may be affected by both yolk precursor synthesis and deposition for different strains, but it may be affected by yolk precursor deposition for the old laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yifang Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xianpei Ao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ruidong Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mengyu Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yijing Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Cunling Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zehui Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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12
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Hosotani M, Hamano S, Iwasaki T, Hasegawa Y, Ueda H, Watanabe T. Oviduct Histopathology of Internal Laying and Egg-Bound Syndrome in Laying Hens. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10040260. [PMID: 37104415 PMCID: PMC10142957 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10040260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In the egg industry, common reproductive disorders, such as internal laying and egg-bound syndrome, not only reduce egg productivity but also cause deaths in severe cases. In this study, we focused on the oviduct histology of the pathogenesis of internal laying and egg-bound syndrome. We divided the aged laying hens into four groups according to the observation of the abdominal cavity and oviductal lumen: healthy, internal laying, egg-bound, and intercurrent. The percentages of healthy, internal laying, egg-bound, and intercurrent groups were 55%, 17.5%, 15%, and 12.5%, respectively. In all parts of the oviduct (i.e., infundibulum, magnum, isthmus, and uterus), the oviductal epithelium was composed of ciliated epithelial cells and secretory cells. The epithelial region lacking cilia was larger in the entire oviduct of the internal laying, and intercurrent groups than in the healthy group. In the internal laying, egg-bound, and intercurrent groups, significant T-cell infiltration was observed in the lamina propria of the entire oviduct. The morphological alteration of ciliated epithelial cells in the oviducts caused by inflammation may be the underlying cause of the pathogenesis of internal laying and egg-bound syndrome.
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13
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Liu J, Fu Y, Zhou S, Zhao P, Zhao J, Yang Q, Wu H, Ding M, Li Y. Comparison of the effect of quercetin and daidzein on production performance, anti-oxidation, hormones, and cecal microflora in laying hens during the late laying period. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102674. [PMID: 37104906 PMCID: PMC10160590 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to compare the effect of quercetin and daidzein on production performance, anti-oxidation, hormones, and cecal microflora in laying hens during the late laying period. A total of 360 53-week-old healthy Hyline brown laying hens were randomly divided into 3 groups (control, 0.05% quercetin, and 0.003% daidzein). Diets were fed for 10 wk, afterwards 1 bird per replicate (6 replicates) were euthanized for sampling blood, liver and cecal digesta. Compared with the control, quercetin significantly increased laying rate and decreased feed-to-egg weight ratio from wk 1 to 4, wk 5 to 10, and wk 1 to 10 (P < 0.05). Quercetin significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and decreased catalase (CAT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in serum and liver (P < 0.05) and increased content of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in liver (P < 0.05). Quercetin increased content of estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in serum (P < 0.05). Quercetin significantly decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae and Bacteroides (P < 0.01) and significantly increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus (P < 0.05) at family and genus levels in cecum. Daidzein did not significantly influence production performance from wk 1 to 10. Daidzein significantly increased SOD activity and decreased CAT activity and MDA content in serum and liver (P < 0.05), and increased T-AOC content in liver (P < 0.05). Daidzein increased content of FSH, IGF-1, T3 in serum (P < 0.05). Daidzein increased the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group at genus level in cecum (P < 0.05). Quercetin increased economic efficiency by 137.59% and 8.77%, respectively, compared with daidzein and control. In conclusion, quercetin improved production performance through enhancing antioxidant state, hormone levels, and regulating cecal microflora in laying hens during the late laying period. Quercetin was more effective than daidzein in improving economic efficiency.
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14
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Li H, Hou Y, Hu J, Li J, Liang Y, Lu Y, Liu X. Dietary naringin supplementation on hepatic yolk precursors formation and antioxidant capacity of Three-Yellow breeder hens during the late laying period. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102605. [PMID: 36940650 PMCID: PMC10033312 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effects of naringin on hepatic yolk precursors formation and antioxidant capacity of Three-Yellow breeder hens during late laying period were evaluated. A total of 480 (54-wk-old) Three-Yellow breeder hens were randomly assigned to 4 groups (6 replicates of 20 hens): nonsupplemented control diet (C), and control diet supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4% of naringin (N1, N2, and N3), respectively. Results showed that dietary supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4% of naringin for 8 wk promoted the cell proliferation and attenuated the excessive fat accumulation in the liver. Compared with C group, increased concentrations of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-CHO), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and decreased contents of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were detected in liver, serum and ovarian tissues (P < 0.05). After 8 wk of feeding with naringin (0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4%), serum estrogen (E2) level, expression levels of proteins and genes of estrogen receptors (ERs) increased significantly (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, naringin treatment regulated expression of genes related to yolk precursors formation (P < 0.05). Furthermore, dietary naringin addition increased the antioxidants, decreased the oxidation products, and up-regulated transcription levels of antioxidant genes in liver tissues (P < 0.05). These results indicated that dietary supplemented with naringin could improve hepatic yolk precursors formation and hepatic antioxidant capacity of Three-Yellow breeder hens during the late laying period. Doses of 0.2% and 0.4% are more effective than dose of 0.1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jianing Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yu Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yangqing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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15
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Xu W, Ayu Y, Wang J, Zeng Q, Bai S, Ding X, Lv L, Peng H, Xuan Y, Zhang K. Effects of dietary theabrownins on production performance, egg quality and ovarian function of laying hens with different ages. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102545. [PMID: 37019071 PMCID: PMC10106962 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of theabrownins (TB) on production performance, egg quality, and ovarian function of laying hens at different ages. A total of 240 Lohmann laying hens were assigned in a 2 × 2 factorial design, which encompassed 2 layers ages (47-wk-old and 67-wk-old) and 2 dietary levels of TB (0 and 100 mg/kg) for 12 wk. Results showed that older layers had lower laying rate, egg mass, and higher feed-to-egg ratio (F/E), egg weight and unqualified egg rate than the younger layers (P(AGE) < 0.01) during all the experimental period. The effect of TB was found to increase egg laying rate and feed efficiency during 5 to 8 wk, 9 to 12 wk and the overall phases and decreased unqualified egg rate during 1 to 4 wk and the overall phases (P(TB) ≤ 0.05). The eggshell quality (strength, thickness), albumen quality (albumen height and Haugh unit) of eggs from older layers were decreased during overall phases (P(AGE) ≤ 0.05). TB increased eggshell strength during all phases and enhanced eggshell thickness at the end of wk 4 and 8 and increased albumen height and Haugh unit at the end of wk 8 and 12 of older layers (P(Interaction) ≤ 0.05). In addition, TB also increased egg quality of older layers after 14 d storage. A decrease in the serum concentration of progesterone, melatonin, follicle stimulating hormone, estradiol was observed in the older compared to the younger ones (P(AGE) < 0.05), while the increase in serum concentration of progesterone, melatonin, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were more emphasized when older hens received TB supplemented diet (P(Interaction) < 0.05). The older layer demonstrated lower the concentration of glutathione (GSH) (P(AGE) < 0.05). And the activity of glutathione-s-transferase (GST) was significantly decreased in layers under 67-wk-old (P(AGE) <0.05). The increase in concentration of GSH and the decrease in concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) were more pronounced when TB were supplemented in 67-wk-old layers (P(Interaction) ≤ 0.05). Layers at 67-wk-old had lower mRNA expression of Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) (P(AGE) < 0.01) in ovary. Dietary TB supplementation upregulated mRNA gene expression of HO-1, Nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), Quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) (P(TB) < 0.01). Dietary TB upregulated mRNA expression of ovarian reproductive hormone receptor (estrogen receptor 1 [ESR1] and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein 1 [StAR1]]; P(TB) < 0.01). The results suggest feeding TB (100 mg/kg) could improve the egg production rate, egg quality, and antioxidant capacity of the ovary. Moreover, the effect of TB was more pronounced in older layers (64-wk-old vs. 47-wk-old).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxiang Ayu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiufeng Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiping Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Lv
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huanwei Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
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16
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Li C, Cao Y, Ren Y, Zhao Y, Wu X, Si S, Li J, Li Q, Zhang N, Li D, Li G, Liu X, Kang X, Jiang R, Tian Y. The adiponectin receptor agonist, AdipoRon, promotes reproductive hormone secretion and gonadal development via the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in chickens. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102319. [PMID: 36512870 PMCID: PMC9763694 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is a key hormone secreted by fat tissues that has multiple biological functions, including regulating the energy balance and reproductive system by binding to its receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2. This study investigated the correlation between the levels of adiponectin and reproductive hormones in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis of laying hens at 4 different developmental stages (15, 20, 30, and 68 wk) and explored the effects of AdipoRon (an activator of adiponectin receptors) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and follicle and testicular Leydig cells in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that the adiponectin level was significantly correlated with that of reproductive hormones in the HPO axis (e.g., GnRH, FSH, LH, and E2) in laying hens at 4 different ages. Moreover, AdipoRon could promote the expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 and the secretion of reproductive hormones in the HPG axis, including GnRH, FSH, LH, P4, and T. AdipoRon could also upregulate the expression of genes related to follicular steroidogenesis (STAR, CYP19A1, CYP17A1, and CYP11A1), hepatic lipid synthesis (OVR, MTP), follicular lipid uptake (PPAR-g), and follicular angiogenesis (VEGFA1, VEGFA2, VEGFR1, ANGPT1, ANGPT2, TEK) in the oviposition period, and all of these findings were consistent with the results obtained from in vitro experiments after the transfection of small white follicles (SWFs) with AdipoRon. Furthermore, the results suggest that AdipoRon increases the diameter of testicular seminiferous tubules, the number of spermatogenic cells and sperm production in vivo and enhances the expression of AdipoR1, AdipoR2 and steroid hormones in vitro. Collectively, the findings suggest that AdipoRon could facilitate the expression and secretion of reproductive hormones in the HPG axis by activating its receptors and then improve the growth and development of follicles and testes in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yanfang Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yangguang Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yudian Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xing Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Sujin Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Na Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Donghua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Guoxi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ruirui Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China,Corresponding author:
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17
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Wu H, Yuan J, Yin H, Jing B, Sun C, Nguepi Tsopmejio IS, Jin Z, Song H. Flammulina velutipes stem regulates oxidative damage and synthesis of yolk precursors in aging laying hens by regulating the liver-blood-ovary axis. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102261. [PMID: 36410067 PMCID: PMC9678783 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Egg production levels in late laying hens are negatively correlated with increasing age. Decreased liver and ovarian function in aging laying hens is accompanied by decreased antioxidant capacity, reproductive hormone levels, and follicular development, resulting in decreased synthesis of yolk precursors. The golden needle mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hypolipidemic properties. We aimed to reveal the therapeutic effects of F. velutipes stem (FVS) on liver-blood-ovary axis and investigate the underlying mechanisms. A total of 360 sixty-seven-wk-old laying hens were randomized into 4 treatment groups: 1) basal maize-soybean meal diet (CON); 2) basal maize + 20 g/kg FVS (2% FVS); 3) basal maize + 40 g/kg FVS (4% FVS); and 4) basal maize + 60 g/kg FVS (6% FVS). FVS groups demonstrated significantly increased egg production and ovarian development compared with the CON group. The addition of FVS increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, T-SOD, and T-AOC) in the liver, serum, and ovaries and decreased malondialdehyde levels by regulating the expression of proteins related to the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Additionally, FVS significantly decreased ovarian apoptosis by regulating Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase3 mRNA and protein expression levels. FVS significantly increased the expression levels of estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle stimulating hormone and their respective receptors. With increased levels of estradiol transported to the liver through the bloodstream, targeted binding to estrogen receptor (ER)-α and ER-β led to significant increases in ApoVLDL II, ApoB, and VTG II mRNA expression associated with yolk precursor synthesis. FVS decreased the levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol and significantly increased the expression of lipid metabolism, and transport-related mRNAs (FAS, PPAR-a/γ, and MTTP) in the liver. Therefore, the dietary supplementation of FVS can maintain the productive performance of aging laying hens by alleviating the degree of oxidative stress and regulating the transport of functional substances along the liver-blood-ovary axis, thereby improving the synthesis of yolk precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Wu
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yuan
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Haixu Yin
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Bo Jing
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Chang Sun
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | | | - Zhouyu Jin
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Hui Song
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China,Engineering Research Center of the Chinenese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, P. R. China,Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, P. R. China,Corresponding author:
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18
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Effects of Dietary Rutin Supplementation on the Intestinal Morphology, Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Microbiota of Aged Laying Hens. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091843. [PMID: 36139918 PMCID: PMC9495371 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This research investigated the effects of dietary rutin supplementation on the intestinal morphology, antioxidant capacity, immunity, and microbiota of aged laying hens. The results showed that 500 mg/kg rutin supplementation increased the villus height of jejunum (P < 0.05). Rutin affected the immune system of the ileum and the jejunum. In the jejunum, a diet with 500 mg/kg rutin supplementation enhanced secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and reduced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels (P < 0.05). A diet with 1000 mg/kg rutin supplementation increased jejunal sIgA, immunologlobulin M (IgM), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels while decreasing interleukin-1β (IL-1β), TNF-α, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, a diet with 500 mg/kg rutin increased sIgA, immunologlobulin G (IgG), IgM, and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels and reduced TNF-α and IFN-γ levels in the ileum (P < 0.05). In the ileum, a diet with 1000 mg/kg rutin supplementation raised sIgA, IgG, IgM, IL-4, and IL-10 levels while decreasing IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ levels (P < 0.05). At the family level, a diet with 500 mg/kg rutin supplementation raised the relative abundance of Monoglobaceae and decreased the relative abundance of Eubacteriaceae (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. In the 1000 mg/kg rutin group, the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Unclassified Coriobacteriale was considerably lower and the relative abundance of Monoglobaceae was higher than the control group (P < 0.05). This study showed that a diet with rutin supplementation can improve the intestinal health of aged laying hens, and the mechanism is related to improving the intestinal morphology and intestinal immune status, and regulating the intestinal microbes.
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19
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Hanlon C, Ziezold CJ, Bédécarrats GY. The Diverse Roles of 17β-Estradiol in Non-Gonadal Tissues and Its Consequential Impact on Reproduction in Laying and Broiler Breeder Hens. Front Physiol 2022; 13:942790. [PMID: 35846017 PMCID: PMC9283702 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.942790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol-17β (E2) has long been studied as the primary estrogen involved in sexual maturation of hens. Due to the oviparous nature of avian species, ovarian production of E2 has been indicated as the key steroid responsible for activating the formation of the eggshell and internal egg components in hens. This involves the integration and coordination between ovarian follicular development, liver metabolism and bone physiology to produce the follicle, yolk and albumen, and shell, respectively. However, the ability of E2 to be synthesized by non-gonadal tissues such as the skin, heart, muscle, liver, brain, adipose tissue, pancreas, and adrenal glands demonstrates the capability of this hormone to influence a variety of physiological processes. Thus, in this review, we intend to re-establish the role of E2 within these tissues and identify direct and indirect integration between the control of reproduction, metabolism, and bone physiology. Specifically, the sources of E2 and its activity in these tissues via the estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ, GPR30) is described. This is followed by an update on the role of E2 during sexual differentiation of the embryo and maturation of the hen. We then also consider the implications of the recent discovery of additional E2 elevations during an extended laying cycle. Next, the specific roles of E2 in yolk formation and skeletal development are outlined. Finally, the consequences of altered E2 production in mature hens and the associated disorders are discussed. While these areas of study have been previously independently considered, this comprehensive review intends to highlight the critical roles played by E2 to alter and coordinate physiological processes in preparation for the laying cycle.
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20
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Huang L, Wu H, Li H, Hou Y, Hu J, Huang L, Lu Y, Liu X. Hepatic glycerolipid metabolism is critical to the egg laying rate of Guangxi Ma chickens. Gene 2022; 830:146500. [PMID: 35472624 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Yolk formation in liver is an important process for egg production in hens. The correlations between egg laying rate decline and liver function changes in Guangxi Ma chickens remain unclear. In this study, a total of 21,750 genes and 76,288 transcripts were identified in the RNA expression profiles isolated from liver tissues of 5 groups of Guangxi Ma chickens divided according to the age and egg laying rate. Numerous differential genes (DEGs) were identified after pairwise comparison among samples, and time series analysis categorization (age-related factors) revealed that down-regulated DEGs with aging were predominantly involved in lipid transportation and metabolic processes in the low egg laying rate groups. Notably, functional enrichment analysis confirmed that DGAT2, LIPG, PNPLA2, LPL, CEL, LIPC, DGKD, AGPAT2, AGPAT1 and AGPAT3 were highlighted as hub genes in glycerolipid metabolism pathway, which may be an essential non-age related factors of egg laying rate by regulating the synthesis of triacylglycerol (TAG) in liver. Finally, we categorized DEGs in Guangxi Ma chickens with different egg laying rate caused by age-related factors and found that DEGs with different expression patterns performing different biological functions. The analysis of DEGs with lower egg laying rate caused by non-age related factors and showed that the transportation of TAG was suppressed. Furthermore, critical genes and pathways involved in the synthesis of TAG in livers were identified, which dynamically regulated the formation of yolk precursors. Our results expanded the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of the yolk precursor synthesis in chicken livers. The results will be helpful to explore the factors that affect egg laying rate from the perspective of yolk synthesis and provide a theoretical basis for improving the egg production of Guangxi Ma chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Hanxiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Hu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jianing Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Lin Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yangqing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
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21
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Amevor FK, Cui Z, Du X, Feng J, Shu G, Ning Z, Xu D, Deng X, Song W, Wu Y, Cao X, Wei S, He J, Kong F, Du X, Tian Y, Karikari B, Li D, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhu Q, Zhao X. Synergy of Dietary Quercetin and Vitamin E Improves Cecal Microbiota and Its Metabolite Profile in Aged Breeder Hens. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:851459. [PMID: 35656004 PMCID: PMC9152675 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.851459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the synergistic effects of quercetin (Q) and vitamin E (E) on cecal microbiota composition and function, as well as the microbial metabolic profile in aged breeder hens were investigated. A total of 400 (65 weeks old) Tianfu breeder hens were randomly allotted to four experimental groups (four replicates per group). The birds were fed diets containing quercetin at 0.4 g/kg, vitamin E (0.2 g/kg), quercetin and vitamin E (QE; 0.4 g/kg and 0.2 g/kg), and a basal diet for a period of 10 wks. After the 10 week experimental period, the cecal contents of 8 aged breeder hens per group were sampled aseptically and subjected to high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomic analysis. The results showed that the relative abundances of phyla Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteriota were the most prominent among all the dietary groups. Compared to the control group, the relative abundance of the families Bifidobacteriaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Tannerellaceae, Mathonobacteriaceae, Barnesiellaceae, and Prevotellaceae were enriched in the QE group; and Bacteroidaceae, Desulfovibrionaceae, Peptotostretococcaceae, and Fusobacteriaceae were enriched in the Q group, whereas those of Lactobacillaceae, Veillonellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Akkermansiaceae, and Rikenellaceae were enriched in the E group compared to the control group. Untargeted metabolomics analyses revealed that Q, E, and QE modified the abundance of several metabolites in prominent pathways including ubiquinone and other terpenoid–quinone biosynthesis, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, insulin secretion, pancreatic secretion, nicotine addiction, and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450. Furthermore, key cecal microbiota, significantly correlated with important metabolites, for example, (S)-equol positively correlated with Alistipes and Chlamydia in E_vs_C, and negatively correlated with Olsenella, Paraprevotella, and Mucispirillum but, a contrary trend was observed with Parabacteroides in QE_vs_C. This study establishes that the synergy of quercetin and vitamin E alters the cecal microbial composition and metabolite profile in aged breeder hens, which lays a foundation for chicken improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kwame Amevor
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhifu Cui
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaxia Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Tibet Autonomous Region, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zifan Ning
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Deng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weizhen Song
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Youhao Wu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueqing Cao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuo Wei
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan He
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fanli Kong
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Xiaohui Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaofu Tian
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Benjamin Karikari
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Diyan Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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22
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Dai D, Qi GH, Wang J, Zhang HJ, Qiu K, Wu SG. Intestinal microbiota of layer hens and its association with egg quality and safety. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102008. [PMID: 35841638 PMCID: PMC9289868 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota has attracted tremendous attention in the field of the poultry industry due to its critical role in the modulation of nutrient utilization, immune system, and consequently the improvement of the host health and production performance. Accumulating evidence implies intestinal microbiota of laying hens is a potential mediator to improve the prevalent issues in terms of egg quality decline in the late phase of laying production. However, the regulatory effect of intestinal microbiota on egg quality in laying hens remains elusive, which requires consideration of microbial baseline composition and succession during their long lifespans. Notable, although Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria form the vast majority of intestinal microbiota in layer hens, dynamic intestinal microbiota succession occurs throughout all laying periods. In addition to the direct effects on egg safety, intestinal microbiota and its metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and tryptophan derivatives, are suggested to indirectly modulate egg quality through the microbiota-gut-liver/brain-reproductive tract axis. These findings can extend our understanding of the crosstalk between intestinal microbiota and the host to improve egg quality and safety. This paper reviews the compositions of intestinal microbiota in different physiological stages of laying hens and their effects on egg quality and proposes that intestinal microbiota may become a potential target for modulating egg quality and safety by nutritional strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Dai
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Feed Hazards (Beijing) of the Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guang-Hai Qi
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Feed Hazards (Beijing) of the Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Feed Hazards (Beijing) of the Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Hai-Jun Zhang
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Feed Hazards (Beijing) of the Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kai Qiu
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Feed Hazards (Beijing) of the Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shu-Geng Wu
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Feed Hazards (Beijing) of the Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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23
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Chen F, Zhang H, Zhao N, Du E, Jin F, Fan Q, Guo W, Huang S, Wei J. Effects of magnolol and honokiol blend on performance, egg quality, hepatic lipid metabolism, and intestinal morphology of hens at late laying cycle. Animal 2022; 16:100532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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24
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Zhang J, Geng X, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Zhang P, Sun G, Li W, Li D, Han R, Li G, Tian Y, Liu X, Kang X, Jiang R. Interaction Between Cecal Metabolites and Liver Lipid Metabolism Pathways During Induced Molting in Laying Hens. Front Physiol 2022; 13:862721. [PMID: 35677092 PMCID: PMC9169092 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.862721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Moult is a normal physiological phenomenon in poultry. Induced molting (IM) is the most widely used and economical molting technique. By inducing moult, the laying hens can grow new feathers during the next laying cycle and improve laying performance. However, the lack of energy supply has a huge impact on both the liver and intestines and acts on the intestines and liver through the “gut-liver axis”. More importantly, lipid metabolism in the liver is closely related to the laying performance of laying hens. Therefore, in this study, cecal metabolites and liver transcriptome data during IM of laying hens at the late stage of laying (stop feeding method) were analyzed together to reveal the regulatory mechanism of “gut-liver axis” affecting the laying performance of laying hens from the perspective of lipid metabolism. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 4,796 genes were obtained, among which 2,784 genes had significant differences (p < 0.05). Forty-nine genes were associated with lipid metabolism, and five core genes (AGPAT2, SGPL1, SPTLC1, PISD, and CYP51A1) were identified by WGCNA. Most of these differential genes are enriched in steroid biosynthesis, cholesterol metabolism, drug metabolism—cytochrome P450, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, PPAR signaling pathway, and bile secretion. A total of 96 differential metabolites were obtained by correlating them with metabolome data. Induced moult affects laying performance by regulating genes related to lipid metabolism, and the cecal metabolites associated with these genes are likely to regulate the expression of these genes through the “enterohepatic circulation”. This experiment enriched the theoretical basis of induced moult and provided the basis for prolonging the feeding cycle of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Geng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yihui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinlong Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengwei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guirong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenting Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Donghua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruili Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guoxi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruirui Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ruirui Jiang,
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El-Saadany AS, Hanafy MM, Elkomy AE. Flaxseed and Agnus-castuson vitex as a source of phytoestrogens and their impact on productive performance, some blood constituents, and blood oestradiol profile of aged laying hens. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2022.2066578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amina S. El-Saadany
- Animal production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokii, Egypt
| | - Maysa M. Hanafy
- Animal production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokii, Egypt
| | - Alaa E. Elkomy
- City of Scientific Research and Technology Application, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, Borg El-Arab, Egypt
- Faculty of Desert and Environmental Agriculture, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt
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26
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Wu H, Li H, Hou Y, Huang L, Hu J, Lu Y, Liu X. Differences in egg yolk precursor formation of Guangxi Ma chickens with dissimilar laying rate at the same or various ages. Theriogenology 2022; 184:13-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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27
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Yao H, Hu Y, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Rao K, Shi S. Effects of dietary dimethylglycine supplementation on laying performance, egg quality, and tissue index of hens during late laying period. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101610. [PMID: 34936951 PMCID: PMC8704446 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effects of 5 graded dietary levels (0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, and 0.125%) of dimethylglycine (DMG) were studied in laying hens during the late laying period (71–78 wk). Graded doses of DMG from 0.025 to 0.125% in the diet produced quadratic positive (P < 0.05) responses in the laying rate, egg-feed ratio, yolk color, grade follicular weight, and the number of large white follicles and linear positive (P < 0.05) responses in average egg weight, and the number of large white follicles. With 0.1% DMG, the laying rate and egg-feed ratio improved (P < 0.05), and the abdominal fat percentage decreased. Considering the laying performance under the conditions used in this study, the best-fit model for the DMG requirements of laying hens was estimated to range from 0.049 to 0.065% DMG during the late laying period based on a regression analysis. The addition of DMG did not affect the total cholesterol (TCH) and triglyceride (TG) contents in the plasma of laying hens; however, it significantly reduced the abdominal fat rate. DMG may change the course of lipid deposition in laying hens during the late laying period. In conclusion, supplementation with DMG can improve the laying rate and follicles development of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yao
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225125, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225125, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225125, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yijian Zhang
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225125, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Kaiqing Rao
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shourong Shi
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225125, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Huang Z, Lv Z, Dai H, Li S, Jiang J, Ye N, Zhu S, Wei Q, Shi F. Dietary mulberry-leaf flavonoids supplementation improves liver lipid metabolism and ovarian function of aged breeder hens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 106:1321-1332. [PMID: 34741341 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mulberry-leaf flavonoids (MF), extracted from mulberry leaves, exert antioxidant and hypolipidemic effects. The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the effects of dietary MF on the ovarian function and liver lipid metabolism of aged breeder hens. We used 270 (60-weeks-old) Qiling breeder hens randomly assigned in 3 treatments with supplemental dietary MF doses (0, 30, 60 mg/kg). The results showed that dietary MF significantly improved the egg-laying rate, followed by the reduced feed conversion rate (FCR) (p < 0.05). However, there is no obvious difference in hatchability and fertilised eggs hatchability among the three groups (p > 0.05). The level of T-CHO, LDL-C and AKP in serum was reduced, and the HDL-C concentrations were increased by dietary MF (p < 0.05). MF treatment also improved the antioxidant capacity and reduced the apoptotic index of the ovary (p < 0.05). Additionally, dietary MF significantly increased the serum estradiol (E2) levels (p < 0.05) and the transcription level of CYP19A1 and LHR in the ovary (p < 0.05). Dietary MF enhanced fatty acid β-oxidation in the liver via up-regulating the mRNA expressions of PPARα and CPT-I (p < 0.05). Moreover, the HMF group significantly decreased mRNA expressions of SREBP-1c (p < 0.05) and increased mRNA expressions of ERα, VTG-Ⅱ and ApoB in the liver (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary MF could improve the reproduction performance of aged breeder hens through improving ovary function and hepatic lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjian Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Simeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingle Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nanwei Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanli Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Quanwei Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Dai H, Lv Z, Huang Z, Ye N, Li S, Jiang J, Cheng Y, Shi F. Dietary hawthorn-leaves flavonoids improves ovarian function and liver lipid metabolism in aged breeder hens. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101499. [PMID: 34731736 PMCID: PMC8572884 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hawthorn-leaves flavonoids (HF), extracted from hawthorn leaves, were reported to exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic properties. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of dietary HF on the reproduction performance and liver lipid metabolism of aged breeder hens. A total of 270 aged Qiling breeder hens (60-wk-old) were randomly divided into 3 treatments: 1) basic corn-soybean diet (CON); 2) basic corn-soybean diet supplemented with 30 mg/kg HF (LHF); 3) basic corn-soybean diet supplemented with 60 mg/kg HF (HHF). The results showed that supplemented HF significantly improved the egg-laying rate and hatching rate of aged breeder hens (P < 0.05). HF treatment reduced the serum TG, T-CHO and L-LDL levels (P < 0.05), and upregulated the mRNA expressions of ESR1, ESR2, VTGⅡ, ApoB, and ApoVI in the liver (P < 0.05). Serum estrogen levels in HF treated groups were elevated compared with the CON group (P < 0.05). In the HHF group, the number of the primordial follicles was higher in comparison with the CON group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, dietary supplementation with HF improved the activity of antioxidant enzymes (T-AOC, GSH-Pχ) (P < 0.05), following with the reversed ovarian apoptosis and morphological damage. In addition, 60 mg/kg dietary HF upregulated the protein expression of PCNA and Nrf2 in the ovary (P < 0.05). In summary, dietary supplementation with HF could improve the reproduction performance through regulating liver lipid metabolism and improving ovarian function in aged breeder hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhenwu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Nanwei Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Simeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jingle Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Amevor FK, Cui Z, Ning Z, Du X, Jin N, Shu G, Deng X, Zhu Q, Tian Y, Li D, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao X. Synergistic effects of quercetin and vitamin E on egg production, egg quality, and immunity in aging breeder hens. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101481. [PMID: 34717121 PMCID: PMC8564671 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Laying hens experience a rapid decline in egg production, egg quality, and immunity, usually at the end of the peak laying period. Quercetin, a known flavonoid, exerts biological activities, including phytoestrogenic, immunity, antibiotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Vitamin E also shows egg production and immunoregulatory potential in animals. This study evaluated the capacity of dietary quercetin, vitamin E, and the combination of both, to promote egg production and egg quality, and to improve the immunity of aging breeder hens. We also elucidated how quercetin and vitamin E combination could synergistically affect egg production, egg quality, and immunity in aging breeder hens. A total of 400 Tianfu broiler breeders at the age of 52 wk were randomly allotted to 4 treatments with 4 replicates, 100 hens per treatment and 25 hens per replicate. They were fed diets containing quercetin at 0.4 g/kg, Vitamin E (200 mg/kg), quercetin and vitamin E (0.4 g/kg and 200 mg/kg), and a basal diet (control) for a period 10 wk. Daily feed intake and egg production rate were recorded, and weekly records were recorded on egg quality tests. At the end of the 10-wk experimental period, blood samples and immune organ (spleen) were collected from 2 birds per replicate, totaling 32 birds. Feed intake, immune organ index, serum cytokines, and immunoglobulins were evaluated, and the mRNA expression of genes related to immunity was determined from the spleen tissue. Generally, the results showed that separately or as a combination, supplemental quercetin and vitamin E significantly improved performance and egg quality (P < 0.05), and significantly increased serum immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, and IgG) and cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-2) concentrations, as well as promoted immune organ development and index, and promoted the expression of splenic immune-related genes (IL-2 and INF-γ) (P < 0.05), compared with the control. It was confirmed in this study that the combination of quercetin and vitamin E exert synergistic effects on egg production, egg quality, and immune function in aging hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kwame Amevor
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Zhifu Cui
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Zifan Ning
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xiaxia Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Ningning Jin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xun Deng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yaofu Tian
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Diyan Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
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Gu YF, Chen YP, Jin R, Wang C, Wen C, Zhou YM. Age-related changes in liver metabolism and antioxidant capacity of laying hens. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101478. [PMID: 34695635 PMCID: PMC8554276 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the age-related changes of hepatic metabolism and antioxidant capacity of laying hens at 3 different ages. A total of 192 Hy-line Brown laying hens were assigned into 3 groups: 1) 195-day-old (D195 group); 2) 340-day-old (D340 group); 3) 525-day-old (D525 group). Each group replicated 8 times with 8 hens at the same age. Higher activity of aspartate aminotransferase and lower contents of total protein and globulin were observed in the serum of 525-day-old hens in comparison with their 195-day-old counterparts (P < 0.05). The 525-day-old hens accumulated higher contents of total cholesterol and triglyceride in the liver than 195-day-old birds. Additionally, compared with hens from D195 or D340 group, 525-day-old birds exhibited a lower circulating estradiol level (P < 0.05). For antioxidant capacity, birds in the D525 group showed a higher malondialdehyde concentration in both serum and liver as compared with D195 or D340 group (P < 0.05). The 525-day-old hens also exhibited lower glutathione peroxidase activities in both serum and liver when compared with 195-day-old birds (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, there was a decline of hepatic superoxide dismutase activity in the D525 group in comparison with D195 group (P < 0.05). Compared with 195-day-old counterparts, 340-day-old birds upregulated the mRNA abundance of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 and glutathione peroxidase 1 in the liver (P < 0.05). In contrast, hens from D525 group showed the downregulation of hepatic nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2, NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1, and superoxide dismutase 1 when compared with D340 group (P < 0.05). These results indicated that increasing age can adversely affect liver metabolism and function of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Y P Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - R Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - C Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - C Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Y M Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China.
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Amevor FK, Cui Z, Du X, Ning Z, Shu G, Jin N, Deng X, Tian Y, Zhang Z, Kang X, Xu D, You G, Zhang Y, Li D, Wang Y, Zhu Q, Zhao X. Combination of Quercetin and Vitamin E Supplementation Promotes Yolk Precursor Synthesis and Follicle Development in Aging Breeder Hens via Liver-Blood-Ovary Signal Axis. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071915. [PMID: 34203138 PMCID: PMC8300405 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study evaluated the capacity of dietary quercetin, vitamin E and their combination to promote follicle development and attenuate organ inflammation by improving the antioxidant capacity of the liver–blood–ovary signal axis of aging broiler breeder hens. The results from this study showed that the combination of quercetin and vitamin E synergistically improved the chicken’s reproductive organ characteristics, and also showed protective effects on liver morphology and histology. Moreover, the antioxidant parameters, reproductive hormones and receptors, liver lipid synthesis, and the levels of mRNAs related to yolk precursor synthesis (very low density apolipoprotein-II and vitellogenin-II), lipid transport (microsomal triglyceride transport protein), lipogenesis (fatty acid synthase), and follicle developments were increased remarkably by the combination of quercetin and vitamin E. The results obtained in this study provide an important reference for the combination of quercetin and vitamin E as a functional feed additive for promoting the functions of the liver–blood–ovary axis, and also as a potential chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent for improving liver and ovary functions in chickens by acting as a hepatoprotective and oviprotective agent. This could facilitate the transport and exchange of synthetic substances (including hormones, yolk precursors, and other biochemical substances) among the liver–blood–ovary alliances to ensure the synchronous development and functional coordination between the liver and ovary in aging breeder hens. Abstract The fertility of female animals is negatively correlated with increasing chronological age. In aging broiler breeder hens, there is a decline in the functionality of the ovary and liver accompanied by hormonal or endocrine changes, a reduction in antioxidant capacity, and a decrease in folliculogenesis. Therefore, improving the reproductive function in aging breeder hens using dietary strategies is of great concern to the poultry breeder. This study evaluated the capacity of dietary quercetin (Q), vitamin E (VE), and their combination (Q + VE) to promote follicle development and attenuate organ inflammation by improving the antioxidant capacity of aging breeder hens. In this study, 400 broiler breeder hens (Tianfu broilers breeder hens, 435 days old) were allotted into four groups (100 birds each) with four replicates each (25 birds each). They were fed diets containing Q (0.4 g/kg), VE (0.2 g/kg), Q + VE (0.4 g/kg + 0.2 g/kg), and a basal diet for 10 weeks. The results showed that Q + VE improved the organ characteristics (p < 0.05), and also that Q + VE showed protective effects on the liver against injury, as well as increasing the antioxidant capacity of the liver, serum, and ovary (p < 0.05). Furthermore, liver lipid synthesis was increased remarkably, as indicated by the changes in triglyceride levels in hens fed Q + VE (p < 0.05). Levels of E2, FSH, and LH, their receptors, and mRNAs related to yolk precursor synthesis were increased by the Q + VE (p < 0.05). Therefore, the combination of quercetin and vitamin E synergistically promotes and regulates the transportation and exchange of synthetic substances among the liver–blood–ovary alliances to ensure the synchronous development and functional coordination between the liver and ovary in aging breeder hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kwame Amevor
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Zhifu Cui
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xiaxia Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Zifan Ning
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.S.); (D.X.)
| | - Ningning Jin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xun Deng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Yaofu Tian
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xincheng Kang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.S.); (D.X.)
| | - Guishuang You
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Yao Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Diyan Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qing Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.K.A.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (Z.N.); (N.J.); (X.D.); (Y.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (D.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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Bendikov-Bar I, Malitsky S, Itkin M, Rusal M, Sagi D. Metabolomic Changes Are Predictive of Aging in Laying Hens. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:1757-1768. [PMID: 33978733 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging in vertebrates is an extremely complex process that is still poorly understood. One confining factor to studying vertebrate aging is the lack of appropriate models. The laying hen is a good model to study vertebrate aging, as it can be maintained under standard housing conditions, its breeds are genetically well defined and it exhibits significant aging phenotypes at around 18 months of age. Furthermore, laying hens are maintained in a challenging realistic environment and possess a fully functional immune system. Here we used, for the first time, metabolomic profiling of laying hens' blood for identifying biomarkers of aging. Random forest classifier was used to quantify the quality of the markers and found that the markers can predict the correct age group of individuals with 90% accuracy. Animals under time-restricted feeding, a condition known to increase health span, appeared younger under the markers, indicating that the aging biomarkers can also predict the effectiveness of environmental treatments. Additionally, we found that noise, defined as the ratio between the standard deviation and the mean, is an exceptionally robust and universal biomarker of aging, as metabolomic noise increases significantly with age in laying hens, humans, and mice. Our study suggests the laying hen as a useful model to study aging in vertebrates and establishes metabolomic noise as a novel, universal biomarker of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna Bendikov-Bar
- Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Institute of Animal Science, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot,Israel
| | - Maxim Itkin
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot,Israel
| | - Mark Rusal
- Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Institute of Animal Science, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Dror Sagi
- Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Institute of Animal Science, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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Zhang J, Duan Z, Wang X, Li F, Chen J, Lai X, Qu L, Sun C, Xu G. Screening and validation of candidate genes involved in the regulation of egg yolk deposition in chicken. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101077. [PMID: 33857910 PMCID: PMC8054188 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Eggs with the same total weight may have considerable differences in yolk weight. Eggs with a high percentage of yolk have a higher nutritional value, more flavor, and are more desirable to consumers. However, a large yolk proportion means more dry matter in the eggs, which reduces the feed efficiency. The elucidation of the genetic factors of yolk quantity in eggs is of scientific and practical significance. Through RNA sequencing, we explored the transcriptome of ovarian tissue from 12 Wenchang chickens, including 6 chickens that laid eggs with a high yolk percentage (32%) and 6 that laid low yolk percentage eggs (25%). We identified a total of 362 differentially expressed genes (P-value < 0.01, log2 fold change < −1, log2 fold change > 1), of which 220 were upregulated and 142 were downregulated in high yolk percentage hens. According to the Gene Ontology terms annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis, the differentially expressed genes were associated with the regulation of various cell functions, cell differentiation and development, neuroactive ligand–receptor interactions, and calcium and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis signaling pathways. To further filter for genes that were directly involved in yolk accumulation, the chicken quantitative trait loci database, genes within 100 kb upstream and downstream of the yolk weight trait SNP, and intersection genes in protein–protein interaction network diagrams were used to detect genes that overlapped with the differentially expressed genes. We found 7 candidate genes in total, MNR2, AOX1, ANTXRL, GRAMD1C, EEF2, COMP, and JUND, which affect female reproductive performance and the growth and development of follicles, supporting cell transport, cell proliferation, and differentiation. All candidate genes and several randomly selected genes were verified by quantitative real time PCR, and the results were consistent with the RNA sequencing. In conclusion, investigating the molecular mechanisms of high yolk percentage traits will allow breeding strategies to be optimized to alter the percentage of yolk in chicken eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhongyi Duan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiqiong Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fengning Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiajing Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xingfu Lai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liang Qu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Congjiao Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guiyun Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Gu YF, Chen YP, Jin R, Wang C, Wen C, Zhou YM. A comparison of intestinal integrity, digestive function, and egg quality in laying hens with different ages. Poult Sci 2021; 100:100949. [PMID: 33652523 PMCID: PMC7936206 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal integrity, digestive enzyme activity, nutrient utilization, and egg quality of laying hens at different ages were evaluated and compared in this study. A total of 192 Hy-line Brown laying hens at 195-d-old (D195 group), 340-d-old (D340 group), and 525-d-old (D525 group) were allocated into one of 3 groups in accordance with their ages. Each group had 8 replicates of 8 birds each, and all birds were fed a maize-soybean meal basal diet for a 2-wk experiment. Compared with the D195 group, intestinal villus height and ratio of villus height to crypt depth, as well as serum D-lactate content increased in the D525 group (P < 0.05). The sucrase and maltase activities in the jejunal mucosa, amylase activity in the pancreas, and trypsin activity in the jejunal chyme of 525-d-old hens were lower than their 195-d-old counterparts (P < 0.05). In addition, there was a decline of trypsin and lipase activities in the ileal chyme of hens from D525 group in comparison with D195 or D340 group (P < 0.05). Apparent retention of dry matter and crude protein of birds in D340 and D525 group decreased when compared with the D195 group (P < 0.05). Moreover, birds in the D525 group exhibited a lower level of ether extract retention, and higher contents of several excreted amino acids than those in the D195 group (P < 0.05). Compared with the D195 group, eggs harvested from D525 group exhibited lower albumen height, eggshell strength and thickness, and a higher egg weight (P < 0.05). In conclusion, increased intestinal permeability (higher serum D-lactate content), compromised digestive function (lower digestive enzyme activities and apparent nutrient retention, and higher concentrations of excreted amino acids), and poor egg quality (lower albumen height, eggshell strength, and thickness) were observed with increasing age in the laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Y P Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - R Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - C Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - C Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Y M Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
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36
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Metformin Prevents Follicular Atresia in Aging Laying Chickens through Activation of PI3K/AKT and Calcium Signaling Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3648040. [PMID: 33294120 PMCID: PMC7718058 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3648040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Increased follicular atresia occurs with aging and results in reduced fecundity in laying chickens. Therefore, relieving follicular atresia of aging poultry is a crucial measure to maintain sustained high laying performance. As an antiaging agent, metformin was reported to play important roles in preventing aging in diverse animals. In this study, the physiological state of the prehierarchical follicles in the peak-laying hens (D280) and aged hens (D580) was compared, followed with exploration for the possible capacity of metformin in delaying atresia of the prehierarchical follicles in the aged D580 hens. Results showed that the capacity of yolk deposition within follicles declined with aging, and the point of endoplasmic reticulum- (ER-) mitochondrion contact decreased in the ultrastructure of the follicular cells. Meanwhile, the expression of apoptosis signaling genes was increased in the atretic small white follicles. Subsequently, the H2O2-induced follicular atresia model was established to evaluate the enhancing capacity of metformin on yolk deposition and inhibition of apoptosis in the atretic small white follicles. Metformin inhibited apoptosis through regulating cooperation of the mitochondrion-associated ER membranes and the insulin (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway. Furthermore, metformin regulated calcium ion homeostasis to relieve ER-stress and inhibited release of mitochondrion apoptosis factors (BAD and caspase). Additionally, metformin activated PI3K/AKT that suppressed activation of BAD (downstream of the insulin signaling pathway) in the atretic follicles. Further, serum estrogen level and liver estrogen receptor-α expression were increased after dietary metformin supplementation in D580 hens. These results indicated that administration of dietary metformin activated the PI3K/AKT and calcium signaling pathway and enhanced yolk deposition to prevent chicken follicular atresia.
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Sexual Maturity Promotes Yolk Precursor Synthesis and Follicle Development in Hens via Liver-Blood-Ovary Signal Axis. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122348. [PMID: 33317071 PMCID: PMC7763865 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several reproductive hormones were reported to be involved in regulating egg yolk precursor synthesis in chickens; however, the mechanism that shows how the liver-blood-ovary signal axis works in relation to age changes has not been reported yet. Therefore, in this study, we observe the morphology and histology of the liver and ovary and determine the serum biochemical parameters and the expression abundance of the critical genes from d90 to 153. Results show that the body weight and liver weight were significantly increased from d132, while the ovary weight increased from d139. Aside from the increase in weight, other distinct changes such as the liver color and an increased deposition of large amounts of yolk precursors into the ovarian follicles were observed. On d139, we observed small fatty vacuoles in the hepatocytes. The results of serum biochemical parameters showed a significant increase in the estradiol (E2) level, first on d125, and then it reached its peak on d132. Meanwhile, the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) increased initially and then remained at a high level from d146 to d153, while the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) increased significantly on d132 and reached the top level on d153. Moreover, the levels of lecithin (LEC), vitellogenin (VTG), very low density lipoprotein y (VLDLy), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) were significantly increased at d125 and were close from d146 to d153. The mRNA and protein expression of estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-α) and E2 levels in the liver and serum, respectively, showed similar changes. Moreover, with reference to an increase in serum E2 level, the mRNA expression of genes related to yolk precursor synthesis (very low density apolipoprotein-II, ApoVLDL-II) and vitellogenin-II (VTG-II), lipogenesis (fatty acid synthase, FAS), and lipid transport (microsomal triglyceride transport protein, MTTP) in the liver showed up-regulation. These results suggest that the correlation between liver-blood-ovary alliances regulate the transport and exchange of synthetic substances to ensure synchronous development and functional coordination between the liver and ovary. We also found that E2 is an activator that is regulated by FSH, which induces histological and functional changes in the hepatocytes through the ER-α pathway.
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Chen F, Zhang H, Du E, Jin F, Zheng C, Fan Q, Zhao N, Guo W, Zhang W, Huang S, Wei J. Effects of magnolol on egg production, egg quality, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health of laying hens in the late phase of the laying cycle. Poult Sci 2020; 100:835-843. [PMID: 33518137 PMCID: PMC7858092 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnolol is a multifunctional plant polyphenol. To evaluate the effects of magnolol on laying hens in the late laying period, 360 (50-week-old) laying hens were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments: a non-supplemented control diet (C), and control diets supplemented with 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg of magnolol (M100, M200, and M300), respectively. Each treatment had 6 replicates with 15 hens per replicate. Results showed that dietary supplementation of 200 and 300 mg/kg of magnolol increased the laying rate and the M200 group had a lower feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). Magnolol supplementation (200 and 300 mg/kg) could linearly increase albumen height and Haugh unit of fresh eggs in the late phase of the laying cycle (P < 0.01). And magnolol linearly alleviated the decline of the albumen height and Haugh unit of eggs stored for 14 d (P < 0.01). The total superoxide dismutase activity in the ovaries of M100 group was greater than that in the other treatments (P < 0.05). As dietary magnolol levels increased, villus height of jejunum and ileum linearly increased (P < 0.01). M200 and M300 groups had higher expression level of occludin in the ileum compared with group C (P < 0.01). The level of nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the ileum of M200 group were lower than that in the C group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 200 and 300 mg/kg magnolol can improve hen performance, albumen quality of fresh and storage eggs, and hepatic lipid metabolism in the late laying cycle. Also, magnolol has a good effect on increasing villi and improving the intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Encun Du
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Qiwen Fan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Wanzheng Guo
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Shaowen Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Jintao Wei
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China.
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Jiang J, Qi L, Dai H, Hu C, Lv Z, Wei Q, Shi F. Dietary stevioside supplementation improves laying performance and eggshell quality through increasing estrogen synthesis, calcium level and antioxidant capacity of reproductive organs in aged breeder hens. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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40
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Dai H, Lv Z, Hu C, Shi Z, Wei X, Jin S, Yuan Y, Yu D, Shi F. Alpha-lipoic acid improves the reproduction performance of breeder hens during the late egg-laying period. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:1788-1797. [PMID: 32881138 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a multifunctional antioxidant, can promote fatty acid mobilization, energy expenditure and scavenge free radicals. The effects of dietary ALA on the reproductive performance of breeder hens were investigated in the current study. In the 5-week experiment, 180 54-week-old Qiling breeder hens were randomly divided into three treatments with five replicates and supplemented with three levels of ALA (0, 300 and 600 mg/kg) in the basic corn-soya bean meal diets. 600 mg/kg ALA treatment group (HLA) significantly improved the eggshell thickness and strength (p < .05). ALA-treated groups improved egg-laying rate compared with the CON group, but with no statistically significant difference (p > .05). The levels of HDL-C, ALB and estradiol (E2) of the serum in the HLA group were elevated compared with the CON group (p < .05). In addition, ALA (600 mg/kg) treatment exhibited a reduced level of serum AST and TG (p < .05). Dietary ALA increased the activity of hepatic lipase in liver (p < .05). Supplemental 600 mg/kg ALA also improved the SOD activity and total antioxidant capacity level, along with a decreased MDA in ovarian tissue (p < .05). Furthermore, the mRNA expressions of ESR1, ESR2, VTG2 and ApoB in the liver and FSHR in follicles were upregulated in the HLA group (p < .05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 600 mg/kg ALA during the late egg-laying period could improve lipid metabolism and reproductive performance of breeder hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenhui Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhicheng Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xihui Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Jin
- Changzhou Animal Disease Control Center, Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunwei Yuan
- Jiangsu Hesheng Food Limited Company, Taizhou, China
| | - Debing Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Tao C, Zhang B, Wei X, Zhao M, Sun Z, Wang S, Bi J, Qi D, Sun L, Zhang N. Effects of dietary cadmium supplementation on production performance, cadmium residue in eggs, and hepatic damage in laying hens. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:33103-33111. [PMID: 32529616 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09496-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the adverse effects of cadmium (Cd) on the production performance, serum biochemistry, liver antioxidant status, histopathology, and egg residue in laying hens. A total of 72 healthy Hy-Line brown laying hens at 40-week-old were randomly assigned to four diets containing 0 (control diet), 15, 30, or 60 mg/kg Cd for 6 weeks. Laying hens exposed to 60 mg/kg Cd had lower egg production rate and worse feed to egg ratio (P < 0.05). Dietary Cd exposure (≥ 15 mg/kg) significantly decreased hepatic glutathione peroxide (GPX) activities, while increasing malondialdehyde (MDA) (P < 0.05). Hepatic histopathology and ultrastructure also showed damage and the symptoms were exacerbated in a dose-dependent manner. The residue of Cd in the yolk was increased with increasing dietary Cd concentration. The mRNA expression levels of mt4L, mt3, sod1, sod2, gpx1, gpx3, and gpx4 in the liver of laying hens exposed to 60 mg Cd/kg feed were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary Cd exposure at ≥ 15 mg/kg induced hepatic damage in laying hens, indicating that the content of Cd in feed must be critically controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Tao
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Beiyu Zhang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaotian Wei
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Man Zhao
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhangjian Sun
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiwen Bi
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Desheng Qi
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lvhui Sun
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Niya Zhang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Ma Y, Yao J, Zhou S, Mi Y, Tan X, Zhang C. Enhancing effect of FSH on follicular development through yolk formation and deposition in the low-yield laying chickens. Theriogenology 2020; 157:418-430. [PMID: 32871446 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Healthy and efficient development of ovarian follicles largely determines poultry laying performance. In low-yield laying chickens, retarded follicle progression resulted in decreased prehierarchical follicles. In this study the extenuating effect of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on delayed follicular development was investigated in the low-yield chickens. Results showed that FSH administration in vivo accelerated development of prehierarchical follicles, with increased expression of steroidogenic enzymes and follicular angiogenesis through elevating plasma levels of 17β-estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor as well as angiopoietins. Furthermore, treatment with FSH raised expression of lipid uptake and adipogenesis-related proteins and decreased tight junctions between granulosa cells. Meanwhile, the results of the in vivo studies were confirmed by the in vitro studies as FSH promoted development of the cultured prehierarchical follicles with increased angiogenesis, cell proliferation, steroid hormones synthesis and yolk deposition. These results indicated FSH enhanced follicular development in the low-yield laying chickens involving increased follicular angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Ma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinwei Yao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Zhou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuling Mi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xun Tan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caiqiao Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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43
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Zhu W, Liu L, Yang W, Wei C, Geng Z, Chen X. Comparative Analysis of Metabolites in the Liver of Muscovy Ducks at Different Egg-Laying Stages Using Nontargeted Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:3846-3855. [PMID: 32705871 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Liver plays an important physiological function in the synthesis of yolk materials during egg laying in birds. Liver metabolite profiles of Muscovy ducks at different egg-laying stages from the perspective of nontargeted metabolomics were analyzed in this study. Twelve Muscovy ducks were selected at pre-laying (22 weeks, TT group), laying (40 weeks, FT group), and post-laying (60 weeks, ST group) stages, resulting in 36 hepatic metabolite profiles by using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry. A total of 324 differential metabolites (156 increased and 168 decreased) in FT as compared to the TT (FT/TT) group and 332 differential metabolites (120 increased and 212 decreased) in ST as compared to the FT (ST/FT) group were screened out. Metabolic pathways enriched in FT/TT and ST/FT groups were mainly amino acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, and vitamin metabolism. The amino acid metabolism pathways were upregulated in the FT/TT group and downregulated in the ST/FT group (P < 0.05). The glutathione and ascorbic acid abundances were downregulated, and the choline abundance was upregulated during egg laying (P < 0.05). The liver provides amino acids, lipids, nucleotides, vitamins, and choline, and so on, which are essential materials for yolk precursor synthesis. The decrease in the abundance of glutathione and ascorbic acid indicates that Muscovy ducks might be in a relatively stable physiological state during egg laying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, P.R. China
| | - Le Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, P.R. China
| | - Wanli Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, P.R. China
| | - Congcong Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyu Geng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, P.R. China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Rd., Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xingyong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, P.R. China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Rd., Hefei 230036, China
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Wang WW, Wang J, Zhang HJ, Wu SG, Qi GH. Supplemental Clostridium butyricum Modulates Lipid Metabolism Through Shaping Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Profile of Aged Laying Hens. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:600. [PMID: 32351471 PMCID: PMC7176355 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotic Clostridium butyricum could affect lipid metabolism in broilers. However, it is not clear whether C. butyricum could improve lipid metabolism through shaping gut microbiota and bile acid (BA) profile of laying hens. We aimed to evaluate the contributions of gut microbiota and BA profile to the potential effect of C. butyricum on lipid metabolism of aged laying hens. A total of 192 60-week-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens were divided into two groups (eight replicates per group). Birds were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 or 2.7 g/kg C. butyricum (1.0 × 109 CFU/g). Samples were collected at the end of week 8 of the experiment. The results showed elevated (P < 0.05) concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1, insulin and thyroid hormones in serum responded to C. butyricum addition, which also decreased (P < 0.05) hepatic free fatty acids contents, as well as increased (P < 0.05) the expression of hepatic acyl-CoA oxidase, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and PPARα. C. butyricum addition increased (P < 0.05) Bacteroidetes abundance but tended to decrease (P < 0.10) Firmicutes abundance in the ileum. Besides, C. butyricum addition resulted in higher (P < 0.05) abundances of Clostridia (Clostridiales) and Prevotellaceae, concurrent with an increasing trend (P < 0.10) of Bifidobacteriaceae abundance and decreased the abundances of several harmful bacteria such as Klebsiella (P < 0.05). Regarding ileal BA profile, there was a reduced (P < 0.05) content of tauro-α-muricholic acid, increased (P < 0.05) contents of tauroursodeoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid, along with increasing trends (P < 0.10) of glycochenodeoxycholic acid and hyodeoxycholic acid contents due to C. butyricum addition, which also increased (P < 0.05) ileal FXR expression. Collectively, supplemental C. butyricum accelerated hepatic fatty acid oxidation, and shaped gut microbiota and BA profile, thus reducing fat deposition in the liver of aged laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Wang
- Risk Assessment Laboratory of Feed Derived Factors to Animal Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, and National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Risk Assessment Laboratory of Feed Derived Factors to Animal Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, and National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Jun Zhang
- Risk Assessment Laboratory of Feed Derived Factors to Animal Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, and National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Geng Wu
- Risk Assessment Laboratory of Feed Derived Factors to Animal Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, and National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Hai Qi
- Risk Assessment Laboratory of Feed Derived Factors to Animal Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, and National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhou S, Ma Y, Zhao D, Mi Y, Zhang C. Transcriptome profiling analysis of underlying regulation of growing follicle development in the chicken. Poult Sci 2020; 99:2861-2872. [PMID: 32475419 PMCID: PMC7597661 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Large ovarian follicles are primary characteristics of oviparous species. The development of such follicles is crucially governed by strict intrinsic complex regulation. Many aspects of the genetic basis of this regulation remain obscure. To identify the dominant genes controlling follicular development in the chicken, growing follicles (400–1,600 μm in diameter) were selected for RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Comparing the 400-μm follicles with 800-μm follicles identified a total of 3,627 differentially expressed genes (1,792 upregulated and 1,835 downregulated genes). Comparing the 400-μm follicles with 1,600-μm follicles revealed 9,650 differentially expressed genes (including 4,848 upregulated and 4,802 downregulated genes). Comparing 800-μm with 1,600-μm follicles revealed a total of 6,779 differentially expressed genes (3,427 upregulated and 3,352 downregulated genes). Transcriptome analysis revealed that genes related to the extracellular matrix–receptor interactions, steroid biosynthesis, cell adhesion, and phagosomes displayed remarkable differential expressions. Relative to 400-μm follicles, collagen content, production of steroid hormones, cell adhesion, and phagocytic factors were significantly increased in the 1,600-μm follicles. This study identifies the dominant genes involved in the promotion of follicular development in oviparous vertebrates and represents the extraordinary gene regulation pattern related to development of the growing follicles in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanfen Ma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuling Mi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Caiqiao Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Réhault-Godbert S, Guyot N, Nys Y. The Golden Egg: Nutritional Value, Bioactivities, and Emerging Benefits for Human Health. Nutrients 2019; 11:E684. [PMID: 30909449 PMCID: PMC6470839 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Egg is an encapsulated source of macro and micronutrients that meet all requirements to support embryonic development until hatching. The perfect balance and diversity in its nutrients along with its high digestibility and its affordable price has put the egg in the spotlight as a basic food for humans. However, egg still has to face many years of nutritionist recommendations aiming at restricting egg consumption to limit cardiovascular diseases incidence. Most experimental, clinical, and epidemiologic studies concluded that there was no evidence of a correlation between dietary cholesterol brought by eggs and an increase in plasma total-cholesterol. Egg remains a food product of high nutritional quality for adults including elderly people and children and is extensively consumed worldwide. In parallel, there is compelling evidence that egg also contains many and still-unexplored bioactive compounds, which may be of high interest in preventing/curing diseases. This review will give an overview of (1) the main nutritional characteristics of chicken egg, (2) emerging data related to egg bioactive compounds, and (3) some factors affecting egg composition including a comparison of nutritional value between eggs from various domestic species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Guyot
- Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture, INRA, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France.
| | - Yves Nys
- Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture, INRA, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France.
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Wistedt A, Ridderstråle Y, Wall H, Holm L. Age-related changes in the shell gland and duodenum in relation to shell quality and bone strength in commercial laying hen hybrids. Acta Vet Scand 2019; 61:14. [PMID: 30866991 PMCID: PMC6417018 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-019-0449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background During the production period of laying hens, the number of cracked eggshells increases and the skeleton becomes brittle. Both these problems are related to ageing of the hen and cause economic problems for egg producers and impaired animal welfare. This study investigated key factors in the shell gland and duodenum related to eggshell quality and bone strength in laying hens during the production period. Five Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL) and five Lohmann Brown (LB), common hybrids in commercial egg production, were euthanized at 21, 29, 49 and 70 weeks (wk) of age. Blood samples for analysis of total calcium were taken at euthanization. Right femur and humerus were used for bone strength measurements and tissue samples from shell gland and duodenum were processed for morphology, immunohistochemical localisation of oestrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ), plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA) and histochemical localisation of carbonic anhydrases (CA). Eggs were collected for shell quality measurements. Results At age 49 week, shell and bone strength had both deteriorated, but the hens were then able to maintain the level until 70 week of age and femur bone strength even improved. The main physiological findings associated with the effects seen at 49 week were reduced gland density and a shift in balance between ERα and ERβ in the shell gland, which coincided with a reduction in CA activity in the duodenum. Somewhat surprisingly, capillary density and capillaries with CA activity both increased in the shell gland over time, the latter possibly mediated via ERβ. These findings were independent of hybrid. PMCA was found in both shell gland and duodenum, but appeared unrelated to the age-related changes in shell and bone quality. Conclusions In hens around half-way through the production period, both shell quality and bone strength had deteriorated. Decreased gland density and a shift in the balance between ERα and ERβ in the shell gland, co-occurring with a dramatic drop in duodenal CA activity, are suggested as possible factors involved in age-related changes in shell and bone quality. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13028-019-0449-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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