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Sakamoto T, Fuku A, Horie T, Kitajima H, Nakamura Y, Tanida I, Sunami H, Hirata H, Tachi Y, Iida Y, Yamada S, Yamamoto N, Shimizu Y, Ishigaki Y, Ichiseki T, Kaneuji A, Osawa S, Kawahara N. A novel cell source for therapy of knee osteoarthritis using atelocollagen microsphere-adhered adipose-derived stem cells: Impact of synovial fluid exposure on cell activity. Regen Ther 2024; 27:408-418. [PMID: 38694445 PMCID: PMC11061654 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Administration of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into the joint cavity has been shown to alleviate the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis (OA) by releasing exosomes and anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, the therapeutic effect of these cells is limited by their rapid disappearance after administration. Thus, it is necessary to prolong cell survival in the joint cavity. This study aimed to investigate the potential application of ADSCs adhered to atelocollagen microspheres (AMSs) for cell therapy of knee OA. Methods ADSCs were cultured for 2, 4, and 7 days in AMS suspension or adherent culture dishes. The supernatants were analyzed for IL-10 and exosome secretion via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Nanosight. The effect of AMS was compared with that of adherent-cultured ADSCs (2D-cultured ADSCs) using transcriptome analysis. Moreover, the solubility of AMS and viability of ADSCs were evaluated using synovial fluid (SF) from patients with knee OA. Results Compared with 2D-cultured ADSCs, AMS-cultured ADSCs exhibited a significant increase in secretion of exosomes and IL-10, and the expression of several genes involved in extracellular matrix and immune regulation were altered. Furthermore, when AMS-cultured ADSCs were cultured in SF from knee OA patients to mimic the intra-articular environment, the SF dissolved the AMSs and released viable ADSCs. In addition, AMS-cultured ADSCs showed significantly higher long-term cell viability than 2D-cultured ADSCs. Conclusion Increased survival of AMS-adhered ADSCs was observed in the intra-articular environment, and AMSs were found to gradually dissipate. These results suggest that AMS-adhered ADSCs are promising source for cell therapy of knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Sakamoto
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fuku
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Horie
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hironori Kitajima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakamura
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Ikuhiro Tanida
- Genome Biotechnology Laboratory, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Hakusan, 924-0838, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sunami
- Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Medical Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Nakagami, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hirata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Tachi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yasuo Iida
- Department of Mathematics, Division of General Education, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Sohsuke Yamada
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Support Office for Bioresource Research, Center for Translational Research, Translational Research Headquarters, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shimizu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nakagami, 903-0215, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Ishigaki
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Toru Ichiseki
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Ayumi Kaneuji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Satoshi Osawa
- Genome Biotechnology Laboratory, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Hakusan, 924-0838, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Norio Kawahara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
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Nakamura Y, Niho S, Shimizu Y. Cell-Based Therapy for Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases, Current Status, and Potential Applications of iPSC-Derived Cells. Cells 2024; 13:893. [PMID: 38891026 PMCID: PMC11172081 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (FILDs), e.g., due to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), are chronic progressive diseases with a poor prognosis. The management of these diseases is challenging and focuses mainly on the suppression of progression with anti-fibrotic drugs. Therefore, novel FILD treatments are needed. In recent years, cell-based therapy with various stem cells has been investigated for FILD, and the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been widely reported and clinical studies are also ongoing. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have also been reported to have an anti-fibrotic effect in FILD; however, these have not been as well studied as MSCs in terms of the mechanisms and side effects. While MSCs show a potent anti-fibrotic effect, the possibility of quality differences between donors and a stable supply in the case of donor shortage or reduced proliferative capacity after cell passaging needs to be considered. The application of iPSC-derived cells has the potential to overcome these problems and may lead to consistent quality of the cell product and stable product supply. This review provides an overview of iPSCs and FILD, followed by the current status of cell-based therapy for FILD, and then discusses the possibilities and perspectives of FILD therapy with iPSC-derived cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Nakamura
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu 321-0293, Japan; (Y.N.); (S.N.)
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Mibu 321-0293, Japan
| | - Seiji Niho
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu 321-0293, Japan; (Y.N.); (S.N.)
| | - Yasuo Shimizu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu 321-0293, Japan; (Y.N.); (S.N.)
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Mibu 321-0293, Japan
- Respiratory Endoscopy Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Mibu 321-0293, Japan
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Guo Z, Zhong F, Hou M, Xie J, Zhang AZ, Li X, Li Y, Chang B, Yang J. Key enzyme in charge of ketone reabsorption of renal tubular SMCT1 may be a new target in diabetic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2023; 38:2754-2766. [PMID: 37698892 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfad173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A ketogenic diet or mildly increased ketone body levels are beneficial for diabetic kidney disease (DKD) patients. Our previous study has found that sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 1 (SMCT1), a key enzyme in charge of ketone reabsorption, possesses beneficial effects on the function of renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) in energy crisis. Our present study is to investigate whether SMCT1 is important in maintaining the physiological function of renal tubular and plays a role in DKD. METHODS We tested the expression of SMCT1 in kidney tissues from DKD patients receiving kidney biopsy as well as diabetes mice. We compared the difference of β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) levels in serum, urine and kidney tissues between diabetic mice and control. Using recombinant adeno-associated viral vector containing SMCT1 (encoded by Slc5a8 gene), we tested the effect of SMCT1 upregulation on microalbuminuria as well as its effects on mitochondrial energy metabolism in diabetic mice. Then we investigated the role of SMCT1 and its β-HB reabsorption function in maintaining the physiological function of renal tubular using renal tubule-specific Slc5a8 gene knockout mice. Transcriptomes and proteomics analysis were used to explore the underlying mechanism. RESULTS SMCT1 downregulation was found in DKD patients as well as in diabetic mice. Moreover, diabetic mice had a decreased renal β-HB level compared with control, and SMCT1 upregulation could improve microalbuminuria and mitochondrial energy metabolism. In renal tubule-specific Slc5a8 gene knockout mice, microalbuminuria occurred early at 24 weeks of age, accompanied by ATP shortage and metabolic reprogramming in the kidney; however, supplementation with β-HB precursor substance 1,3-butanediol in food alleviated kidney damage as well as energy metabolic reprogramming. CONCLUSIONS Decreased SMCT1 expression and its ketone reabsorption function play an important role in the occurrence of DKD. SMCT1 may be a new promising target in treating DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhong Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feifei Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meng Hou
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinlan Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - A Zhong Zhang
- Inspection Technology Department, Tianjin People's Procuratorate, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinran Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Baocheng Chang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juhong Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Aoi T, Tanaka A, Furuhashi K, Ikeya M, Shimizu A, Arioka Y, Kushima I, Ozaki N, Maruyama S. <Editors' Choice> Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells generated from induced pluripotent stem cells are highly resistant to senescence. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2023; 85:682-690. [PMID: 38155616 PMCID: PMC10751492 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.85.4.682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) has attracted attention in the field of regenerative medicine based on their anti-inflammatory and tissue repair-promoting effects. Bone marrow is widely used as a source of MSCs; however, the performance of bone marrow (BM)-MSCs deteriorates as the cells age along with cell passaging. Recently, it has been reported that MSCs can be generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which is expected to represent a new source of MSCs. However, few studies have investigated aging in iPSC-derived MSCs (iMSCs) and their functions. In this study, we investigated whether iMSCs overcome cellular senescence compared to that in BM-MSCs. Cellular senescence was quantitatively evaluated by staining iMSCs and BM-MSCs with fluorescein di-β-D-galactopyranoside (FDG) and following flow cytometer analysis. The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) concentration in the culture supernatant was also measured as a factor in the therapeutic efficacy of nephritis. The iMSCs did not reach their proliferation limit and their morphology did not change even after 10 passages. The FDG positivity of BM-MSCs increased with passaging, whereas that in iMSCs did not increase. The HGF concentration increased with passaging in iMSCs. In conclusion, our results suggest that iMSCs may be less susceptible to senescence than BM-MSCs and may be used in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Aoi
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akihito Tanaka
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Furuhashi
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Makoto Ikeya
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Asuka Shimizu
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuko Arioka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Itaru Kushima
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norio Ozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shoichi Maruyama
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Synovial Fluid Derived from Human Knee Osteoarthritis Increases the Viability of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells through Upregulation of FOSL1. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020330. [PMID: 36672268 PMCID: PMC9856741 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (Knee OA) is an irreversible condition that causes bone deformity and degeneration of the articular cartilage that comprises the joints, resulting in chronic pain and movement disorders. The administration of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into the knee joint cavity improves the clinical symptoms of Knee OA; however, the effect of synovial fluid (SF) filling the joint cavity on the injected ADSCs remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of adding SF from Knee OA patients to cultured ADSCs prepared for therapeutic use in an environment that mimics the joint cavity. An increase in the viability of ADSCs was observed following the addition of SF. Gene expression profiling of SF-treated ADSCs using DNA microarrays revealed changes in several genes involved in cell survival. Of these genes, we focused on FOSL1, which is involved in the therapeutic effect of ADSCs and the survival and proliferation of cancer stem cells. We confirmed the upregulation of FOSL1 mRNA and protein expression using RT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Next, we knocked down FOSL1 in ADSCs using siRNA and observed a decrease in cell viability, indicating the involvement of FOSL1 in the survival of ADSCs. Interestingly, in the knockdown cells, ADSC viability was also decreased by SF exposure. These results suggest that SF enhances cell viability by upregulating FOSL1 expression in ADSCs. For therapy using cultured ADSCs, the therapeutic effect of ADSCs may be further enhanced if an environment more conducive to the upregulation of FOSL1 expression in ADSCs can be established.
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Optimal Intravenous Administration Procedure for Efficient Delivery of Canine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314681. [PMID: 36499004 PMCID: PMC9740176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are currently being investigated for their therapeutic applications in a wide range of diseases. Although many studies examined peripheral venous administration of MSC, few have investigated the detailed intravenous administration procedures of MSC from their preparation until they enter the body. The current study therefore aimed to explore the most efficient infusion procedure for MSC delivery by preparing and infusing them under various conditions. Canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cADSC) were infused using different infusion apparatuses, suspension solutions, allogenic serum supplementation, infusion time and rates, and cell densities, respectively. Live and dead cell counts were then assessed by manual measurements and flow cytometry. Efficiency of live- and dead-cell infusion and cell viability were calculated from the measured cell counts and compared under each condition. Efficiency of live-cell infusion differed significantly according to the infusion apparatus, infusion rate, and combination of cell density and serum supplementation. Cell viability after infusion differed significantly between the infusion apparatuses. The optimal infusion procedure resulting in the highest cell delivery and viability involved suspending cADSC in normal saline supplemented with 5% allogenic serum at a density of 5 × 105 cells/mL, and infusing them using an automatic infusion device for 15 min. This procedure is therefore recommended as the standard procedure for the intravenous administration of ADSC in terms of cell-delivery efficiency.
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Mesenchymal stem cells exert renoprotection via extracellular vesicle-mediated modulation of M2 macrophages and spleen-kidney network. Commun Biol 2022; 5:753. [PMID: 35902687 PMCID: PMC9334610 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03712-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have shown therapeutic potentials against refractory diseases. However, the detailed therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report the therapeutic actions of human ASCs in nephritis, focusing on cellular dynamics and multi-organ networks. Intravenously-administered ASCs accumulated in spleen but not kidneys. Nevertheless, ASCs increased M2 macrophages and Tregs in kidneys and drove strong renoprotection. Splenectomy abolished these therapeutic effects. ASC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) were transferred to M2 macrophages, which entered the bloodstream from spleen. EVs induced the transcriptomic signatures of hyperpolarization and PGE2 stimulation in M2 macrophages and ameliorated glomerulonephritis. ASCs, ASC-derived EVs, and EV-transferred M2 macrophages enhanced Treg induction. These findings suggest that EV transfer from spleen-accumulated ASCs to M2 macrophages and subsequent modulation of renal immune-environment underlie the renoprotective effects of ASCs. Our results provide insights into the therapeutic actions of ASCs, focusing on EV-mediated modulation of macrophages and the spleen-kidney immune network. The renoprotective effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are enhanced through the transfer of EVs predominantly to M2 macrophages in the spleen, providing insights into therapeutic avenues for ASCs.
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Utsunomiya K, Maruyama T, Shimizu S, Matsumoto T, Endo M, Kobayashi H, Kano K, Abe M, Fukuda N. Implantation of dedifferentiated fat cells ameliorated antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody glomerulonephritis by immunosuppression and increases in tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:319. [PMID: 35842674 PMCID: PMC9288725 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The implantation of dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells has been shown to exert immunosuppressive effects. To develop DFAT cell therapy for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) glomerulonephritis, the effects of the implantation of DFAT cells on ANCA glomerulonephritis were investigated in mice. METHODS PKH26-labeled DFAT cells (105) were infused through the posterior orbital venous plexus to investigate delivery of DFAT cells in ICR mice. DFAT cells (105) were also implanted in SCG mice as a model for ANCA glomerulonephritis. Expression of tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) mRNA and protein in kidney was evaluated, and the expression of microRNAs associated with TSG-6 in plasma, lung and kidney was analyzed. Expressions of CD44, prostaglandin (PG) E2, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNAs, C-C motif chemokine ligand 17 (CCL-17) and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 proteins were measured in kidney from SCG mice implanted with DFAT cells. RESULTS After their intravenous infusion, almost all DFAT cells were trapped in the lung and not delivered into the kidney. Implantation of DFAT cells in SCG mice suppressed glomerular crescent formation, decreased urinary protein excretions and increased expression of TSG-6 mRNA, protein and immunostaining in kidney from these mice. Increased expression of microRNA 23b-3p in plasma, kidney and lung; decreased expression of CD44 mRNA; and increased expression of PGE2 and IL-10 mRNAs were also observed in kidney from these mice. Implantation of DFAT cells also decreased the expression of TNF-α and MCP-1 proteins and increased that of CCL-17 protein in kidney from the SCG mice. Survival rates were higher in SCG mice implanted with DFAT cells than in SCG mice without implantation. CONCLUSION Mechanisms underlying the effects of improvement of ANCA glomerulonephritis are associated with immunosuppressive effects by TSG-6 and the transition of M1-M2 macrophages, suggesting that implantation of DFAT cells may become a cell therapy for ANCA glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Utsunomiya
- Division of Nephrology Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Maruyama
- Division of Nephrology Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimizu
- Division of Nephrology Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taro Matsumoto
- Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morito Endo
- Faculty of Human Health Science, Hachinohe Gakuin University, Hachinohe, Aomori, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Division of Nephrology Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kano
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, College of Bioresource Science, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Masanori Abe
- Division of Nephrology Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Noboru Fukuda
- Division of Nephrology Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. .,Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Zhou HS, Cui Z, Wang H, Gao TT, Wang L, Wu J, Xiong ZY, Hao J, Zhao MH. The therapeutic effects of human embryonic stem cells-derived immunity-and-matrix regulatory cells on membranous nephropathy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:240. [PMID: 35672767 PMCID: PMC9172125 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02917-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary membranous nephropathy (MN) is a kidney-specific autoimmune disease. Human embryonic stem cells-derived immunity-and-matrix regulatory cells (hESC-IMRCs) have immunoregulatory functions. We hypothesized that hESC-IMRCs might have therapeutic effects on MN and be a potential treatment in clinical practice. Methods Rats of Heymann nephritis were injected with sheep anti-rat Fx1A serum. hESC-IMRCs were intravenously administrated upon the detection of proteinuria, with 6 × 106 cells (high-dose) or 3 × 106 cells (low-dose) in 1 ml every other day. Splenocytes and IMRCs were co-cultured at different times and ratios. Cell types and cytokines were detected by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The urinary protein of rats with Heymann nephritis was reduced remarkably to a level comparable to negative controls, in both low-dose (45.6 vs. 282.3 mg/d, P < 0.001) and high-dose (35.2 vs. 282.3 mg/d, P < 0.001) hESC-IMRC treatment groups. IgG and C3 deposit, glomerular basement membrane thickness and foot process effacement were alleviated and the reduced podocin was recovered in the kidneys. The proportions of CD4 + CD25 + T cells in circulation and spleen were increased, and the circulating level of IL-10 was increased, after IMRC interventions. IL-17 and TNF-α were reduced after IMRCs treatments. IL-10 increased remarkably in the co-culture supernatant of lymphocytes and IMRCs at 48 h with ratio 10:1. Conclusions The intravenously delivered hESC-IMRCs alleviated proteinuria and kidney injuries of Heymann nephritis, by their immunosuppressive functions through regulatory T cells and IL-10. These pre-clinical results indicate that IMRCs worth careful consideration for human trials in the treatment of MN. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02917-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Song Zhou
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital; Institute of Nephrology, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China; Key Laboratory of CKD Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, 100034, China.,Renal Division, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Zhao Cui
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital; Institute of Nephrology, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China; Key Laboratory of CKD Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Electron Microscopy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Ting-Ting Gao
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Liu Wang
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jun Wu
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zu-Ying Xiong
- Renal Division, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Jie Hao
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Ming-Hui Zhao
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital; Institute of Nephrology, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China; Key Laboratory of CKD Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, 100034, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China
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10
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Tanaka A, Furuhashi K, Fujieda K, Maeda K, Saito S, Mimura T, Saka Y, Naruse T, Ishimoto T, Kosugi T, Kinoshita F, Kuwatsuka Y, Shimizu S, Nakai Y, Maruyama S. Protocol for a Phase 1, Open-Label, Multiple-Center, Dose-Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of ADR-001 in the Treatment of Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:883168. [PMID: 35692547 PMCID: PMC9186503 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.883168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionImmunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is a disease that presents with urinary symptoms such as glomerular hematuria and urinary protein positivity, with predominant deposition of IgA in the mesangial region of the glomerulus. Corticosteroids are mainly used for treatment; however, infection is a serious adverse event, and evidence regarding therapeutic efficacy is insufficient, thus new treatments are strongly desired. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) contribute to the amelioration of inflammation and recovery of organ function in inflammatory environments by converting the character of leukocytes from inflammatory to anti-inflammatory and inducing the proliferation and differentiation of organ component cells, respectively. These properties of MSCs have led to their clinical application in various inflammatory diseases, but this study is the first clinical trial of MSCs for refractory glomerulonephritis in the world. This study is registered and assigned the number, jRCT2043200002 and NCT04342325.MethodsThis will be a phase 1, open-label, multiple-center, dose-escalation study of adult patients with refractory IgA nephropathy resistant to or difficult to treat with existing therapies. ADR-001 will be administered intravenously to from three to six patients at a dose of 1 × 108 cells once in the first cohort and to six patients twice at 2-week intervals in the second cohort, and observation will continue until 52 weeks. The primary endpoint will be the evaluation of adverse events up to 6 weeks after the start of ADR-001 administration. Secondary endpoints will be the respective percentages of patients with adverse events, clinical remission, partial remission, remission of urine protein, remission of hematuria, time to remission, changes in urine protein, hematuria, and estimated glomerular filtration rate.ResultsFollowing the administration of ADR-001 to patients with IgA nephropathy, the respective percentages of patients with adverse events, asymptomatic pulmonary emboli, clinical remission, partial remission, urine protein remission, hematuria remission, their time to remission, changes in urine protein, hematuria, and glomerular filtration rate will be determined.ConclusionThis study will evaluate the safety and tolerability of ADR-001 and confirm its therapeutic efficacy in adult patients with refractory IgA nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Tanaka
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Furuhashi
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kazuhiro Furuhashi,
| | - Kumiko Fujieda
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kayaho Maeda
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shoji Saito
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Mimura
- Department of Nephrology, Kasugai Municipal Hospital, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Yosuke Saka
- Department of Nephrology, Kasugai Municipal Hospital, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Naruse
- Department of Nephrology, Kasugai Municipal Hospital, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Takuji Ishimoto
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kosugi
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumie Kinoshita
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yachiyo Kuwatsuka
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinobu Shimizu
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shoichi Maruyama
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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11
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Quaglia M, Merlotti G, Fornara L, Colombatto A, Cantaluppi V. Extracellular Vesicles Released from Stem Cells as a New Therapeutic Strategy for Primary and Secondary Glomerulonephritis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105760. [PMID: 35628570 PMCID: PMC9142886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatment of primary and secondary glomerulopathies is hampered by many limits and a significant proportion of these disorders still evolves towards end-stage renal disease. A possible answer to this unmet challenge could be represented by therapies with stem cells, which include a variety of progenitor cell types derived from embryonic or adult tissues. Stem cell self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation ability explain their potential to protect and regenerate injured cells, including kidney tubular cells, podocytes and endothelial cells. In addition, a broad spectrum of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions appears to interfere with the pathogenic mechanisms of glomerulonephritis. Of note, mesenchymal stromal cells have been particularly investigated as therapy for Lupus Nephritis and Diabetic Nephropathy, whereas initial evidence suggest their beneficial effects in primary glomerulopathies such as IgA nephritis. Extracellular vesicles mediate a complex intercellular communication network, shuttling proteins, nucleic acids and other bioactive molecules from origin to target cells to modulate their functions. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles recapitulate beneficial cytoprotective, reparative and immunomodulatory properties of parental cells and are increasingly recognized as a cell-free alternative to stem cell-based therapies for different diseases including glomerulonephritis, also considering the low risk for potential adverse effects such as maldifferentiation and tumorigenesis. We herein summarize the renoprotective potential of therapies with stem cells and extracellular vesicles derived from progenitor cells in glomerulonephritis, with a focus on their different mechanisms of actions. Technological progress and growing knowledge are paving the way for wider clinical application of regenerative medicine to primary and secondary glomerulonephritis: this multi-level, pleiotropic therapy may open new scenarios overcoming the limits and side effects of traditional treatments, although the promising results of experimental models need to be confirmed in the clinical setting.
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12
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Evaluation of the Usefulness of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Spheroids Formed Using SphereRing® and the Lethal Damage Sensitivity to Synovial Fluid In Vitro. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030337. [PMID: 35159147 PMCID: PMC8834569 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an irreversible degenerative condition causing bone deformation in the joints and articular cartilage degeneration with chronic pain and impaired movement. Adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) or crushed adipose tissue injection into the joint cavity reportedly improve knee function and symptoms, including pain. Stem cell spheroids may be promising treatment options due to their anti-inflammatory and enhanced tissue regeneration/repair effects. Herein, to form human ADSC spheroids, we used first SphereRing® (Fukoku Co., Ltd., Ageo, Japan), a newly developed rotating donut-shaped tube and determined their characteristics by DNA microarray of mRNA analysis. The variable gene expression cluster was then identified and validated by RT-PCR. Gene expression fluctuations were observed, such as COL15A1 and ANGPTL2, related to vascular endothelial cells and angiogenesis, and TNC, involved in tissue formation. In addition, multiplex cytokine analysis in the medium revealed significant cytokines and growth factors production increase of IL-6, IL-10, etc. However, ADSC administration into the joint cavity involves their contact with the synovial fluid (SF). Therefore, we examined how SF collected from OA patient joint cavities affect 2D-culture ADSCs and ADSC spheroids and observed SF induced cell death. ADSC spheroids could become promising OA treatment options, although studying the administration methods and consider their interaction with SF is essential.
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13
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Yuan X, Li L, Liu H, Luo J, Zhao Y, Pan C, Zhang X, Chen Y, Gou M. Strategies for improving adipose-derived stem cells for tissue regeneration. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac028. [PMID: 35992369 PMCID: PMC9382096 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have promising applications in tissue regeneration. Currently, there are only a few ADSC products that have been approved for clinical use. The clinical application of ADSCs still faces many challenges. Here, we review emerging strategies to improve the therapeutic efficacy of ADSCs in tissue regeneration. First, a great quantity of cells is often needed for the stem cell therapies, which requires the advanced cell expansion technologies. In addition cell-derived products are also required for the development of ‘cell-free’ therapies to overcome the drawbacks of cell-based therapies. Second, it is necessary to strengthen the regenerative functions of ADSCs, including viability, differentiation and paracrine ability, for the tissue repair and regeneration required for different physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Third, poor delivery efficiency also restricts the therapeutic effect of ADSCs. Effective methods to improve cell delivery include alleviating harsh microenvironments, enhancing targeting ability and prolonging cell retention. Moreover, we also point out some critical issues about the sources, effectiveness and safety of ADSCs. With these advanced strategies to improve the therapeutic efficacy of ADSCs, ADSC-based treatment holds great promise for clinical applications in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haofan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Cheng Pan
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Maling Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610041, China
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14
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Al Mushafi A, Ooi JD, Odobasic D. Crescentic Glomerulonephritis: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Potential of Human Amniotic Stem Cells. Front Physiol 2021; 12:724186. [PMID: 34721059 PMCID: PMC8554237 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.724186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Glomerulonephritis (GN) is the second leading cause of CKD resulting in end stage renal failure. The most severe and rapidly progressive type of GN is characterized by glomerular crescent formation. The current therapies for crescentic GN, which consist of broad immunosuppressive drugs, are partially effective, non-specific, toxic and cause many serious side effects including infections, cancer, and cardiovascular problems. Therefore, new and safer therapies are needed. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) are a type of stem cell which are isolated from the placenta after birth. They represent an attractive and novel therapeutic option for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions owing to their unique and selective immunosuppressive ability, as well as their excellent safety profile and clinical applicability. In this review, we will discuss the immunopathogenesis of crescentic GN, issues with currently available treatments and how hAECs offer potential to become a new and harmless treatment option for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al Mushafi
- Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Joshua D Ooi
- Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Dragana Odobasic
- Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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15
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Sant'Ana AN, Araújo AB, Gonçalves FDC, Paz AH. Effects of living and metabolically inactive mesenchymal stromal cells and their derivatives on monocytes and macrophages. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1160-1176. [PMID: 34630856 PMCID: PMC8474715 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i9.1160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent and self-renewing stem cells that have great potential as cell therapy for autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, as well as for other clinical conditions, due to their immunoregulatory and regenerative properties. MSCs modulate the inflammatory milieu by releasing soluble factors and acting through cell-to-cell mechanisms. MSCs switch the classical inflammatory status of monocytes and macrophages towards a non-classical and anti-inflammatory phenotype. This is characterized by an increased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, a decreased release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and changes in the expression of cell membrane molecules and in metabolic pathways. The MSC modulation of monocyte and macrophage phenotypes seems to be critical for therapy effectiveness in several disease models, since when these cells are depleted, no immunoregulatory effects are observed. Here, we review the effects of living MSCs (metabolically active cells) and metabolically inactive MSCs (dead cells that lost metabolic activity by induced inactivation) and their derivatives (extracellular vesicles, soluble factors, extracts, and microparticles) on the profile of macrophages and monocytes and the implications for immunoregulatory and reparative processes. This review includes mechanisms of action exhibited in these different therapeutic approaches, which induce the anti-inflammatory properties of monocytes and macrophages. Finally, we overview several possibilities of therapeutic applications of these cells and their derivatives, with results regarding monocytes and macrophages in animal model studies and some clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Nedel Sant'Ana
- Laboratório de Células Tecidos e Genes, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
| | - Anelise Bergmann Araújo
- Centro de Processamento Celular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Helena Paz
- Laboratório de Células Tecidos e Genes, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
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16
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Watanabe H, Fujimura R, Hiramoto Y, Murata R, Nishida K, Bi J, Imafuku T, Komori H, Maeda H, Mukunoki A, Takeo T, Nakagata N, Tanaka M, Matsushita K, Fukagawa M, Maruyama T. An acute phase protein α 1-acid glycoprotein mitigates AKI and its progression to CKD through its anti-inflammatory action. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7953. [PMID: 33846468 PMCID: PMC8041882 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87217-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanism for acute kidney injury (AKI) and its progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD) continues to be unclear. In this study, we investigated the pathophysiological role of the acute phase protein α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in AKI and its progression to CKD using AGP KO mice. Plasma AGP levels in WT mice were increased by about 3.5-fold on day 1-2 after renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR), and these values then gradually decreased to the level before renal IR on day 7-14. On day 1 after renal IR, the AGP KO showed higher renal dysfunction, tubular injury and renal inflammation as compared with WT. On day 14, renal function, tubular injury and renal inflammation in WT had recovered, but the recovery was delayed, and renal fibrosis continued to progress in AGP KO. These results obtained from AGP KO were rescued by the administration of human-derived AGP (hAGP) simultaneously with renal IR. In vitro experiments using RAW264.7 cells showed hAGP treatment suppressed the LPS-induced macrophage inflammatory response. These data suggest that endogenously induced AGP in early renal IR functions as a renoprotective molecule via its anti-inflammatory action. Thus, AGP represents a potential target molecule for therapeutic development in AKI and its progression CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan.
| | - Rui Fujimura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Yuto Hiramoto
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Ryota Murata
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Kento Nishida
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Jing Bi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Tadashi Imafuku
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Komori
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Maeda
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Ayumi Mukunoki
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toru Takeo
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naomi Nakagata
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Motoko Tanaka
- Department of Nephrology, Akebono Clinic, 1-1 Shirafuji 5 Chome, Minami-ku, Kumamoto, 861-4112, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Matsushita
- Department of Nephrology, Akebono Clinic, 1-1 Shirafuji 5 Chome, Minami-ku, Kumamoto, 861-4112, Japan
| | - Masafumi Fukagawa
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimo-Kasuya, Isehara, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan.
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17
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Fujimura R, Watanabe H, Nishida K, Fujiwara Y, Koga T, Bi J, Imafuku T, Kobayashi K, Komori H, Miyahisa M, Maeda H, Tanaka M, Matsushita K, Wada T, Fukagawa M, Maruyama T. α 1-Acid Glycoprotein Attenuates Adriamycin-Induced Nephropathy via CD163 Expressing Macrophage Induction. KIDNEY360 2020; 1:343-353. [PMID: 35369369 PMCID: PMC8809281 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000782019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent clinical studies have shown that proteinuria is a critical factor in the progression of CKD and onset of cardiovascular disease. Inflammation and infiltration of macrophages into renal tissue are implicated as causes of proteinuria. α1-Acid glycoprotein (AGP), an acute-phase plasma protein, is leaked into the urine in patients with proteinuria. However, the relationship between urinary leakage of AGP, renal inflammation, and proteinuria remains unclear. METHODS Human AGP (hAGP) was exogenously administrated for 5 consecutive days to adriamycin-induced nephropathy model mice. RESULTS Adriamycin treatment increased urinary AGP, accompanied by decreased plasma AGP in mice. Exogenous hAGP administration to adriamycin-treated mice suppressed proteinuria, renal histologic injury, and inflammation. hAGP administration increased renal CD163 expression, a marker of anti-inflammatory macrophages. Similar changes were observed in PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells treated with hAGP. Even in the presence of LPS, hAGP treatment increased CD163/IL-10 expression in differentiated THP-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS AGP alleviates proteinuria and renal injury in mice with proteinuric kidney disease via induction of CD163-expressing macrophages with anti-inflammatory function. The results demonstrate that endogenous AGP could work to protect against glomerular disease. Thus, AGP supplementation could be a possible new therapeutic intervention for patients with glomerular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Fujimura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools “HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Global Oriented) Program,” Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kento Nishida
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Koga
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jing Bi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools “HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Global Oriented) Program,” Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tadashi Imafuku
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools “HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Global Oriented) Program,” Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kobayashi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Komori
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masako Miyahisa
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Maeda
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Motoko Tanaka
- Department of Nephrology, Akebono Clinic, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masafumi Fukagawa
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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18
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Han X, Yang B, Zou F, Sun J. Clinical therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose or bone marrow for knee osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Comp Eff Res 2020; 9:361-374. [PMID: 32141308 DOI: 10.2217/cer-2019-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This meta-analysis, only including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), was conducted to assess separately and compare the therapeutic efficacy of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for knee osteoarthritis (OA) at the same follow-up time. Methods: Potential relevant researches were identified from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and clinicaltrials.gov. The data, from clinical trials concentrating on knee OA treated with ADMSCs or BMSCs, were extracted and pooled for meta-analysis to compare the clinical outcomes of patients with knee OA in visual analog scale (VAS), Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Lysholm knee scale (Lysholm) and Tegner activity scale (Tegner). Results: Nine randomized controlled trials including a total of 377 patients met the inclusion criteria. This meta-analysis obtained the following results. First, the improvement of VAS scores was statistically significant after BMSCs treatment at 6-, 12- and 24-month follow-up compared with control groups (p < 0.01). In contrast, the improvement of WOMAC scores was of no statistical significance, but showed a positive trend with the prolongation of the follow-up time (6 months: mean difference [MD] = 6.51; 95% CI: -2.38 to 15.40; p = 0.15; 12 months: MD = -6.81; 95% CI: -13.94 to 0.33; p = 0.06). Lysholm scores presented a similar pattern (12 months: MD = 1.93; 95% CI: -11.52 to 15.38; p = 0.78; 24 months: MD = 8.94; 95% CI: 1.45 to 16.43; p = 0.02). Second, VAS and WOMAC scores of patients after ADMSCs treatment were significantly improved at any follow-up time (p ≤ 0.05). The improvement of Lysholm scores was of no statistical significance compared with control groups, although treatment outcome at 12-month follow-up was better than that at 24-month follow-up, which was debatable because only data of one clinical trial were pooled in the analysis (12 months: MD = 7.50; 95% CI: -1.94 to 16.94; p = 0.12; 24 months: MD = 5.10; 95% CI: -3.02 to 13.22; p = 0.22). Finally, by comparing the statistical results of VAS and WOMAC scores, it could be concluded that the therapeutic effect of ADMSCs on knee OA was more effective than that of BMSCs. Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that regeneration with BMSCs or ADMSCs had a great application potential in the treatment of patients with knee OA, and ADMSCs tended to be superior to BMSCs according to the limited clinical evidences available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Han
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fagui Zou
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Sun
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Ishiuchi N, Nakashima A, Doi S, Yoshida K, Maeda S, Kanai R, Yamada Y, Ike T, Doi T, Kato Y, Masaki T. Hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells prevent renal fibrosis and inflammation in ischemia-reperfusion rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:130. [PMID: 32197638 PMCID: PMC7083035 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01642-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to promote the regeneration of injured tissue via their paracrine abilities, which are enhanced by hypoxic preconditioning. In this study, we examined the therapeutic efficacy of hypoxia-preconditioned MSCs on renal fibrosis and inflammation in rats with ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Methods MSCs derived from rats and humans were incubated in 1% O2 conditions (1%O2 MSCs) for 24 h. After IRI, 1%O2 MSCs or MSCs cultured under normoxic conditions (21%O2 MSCs) were injected through the abdominal aorta. At 7 or 21 days post-injection, the rats were sacrificed and their kidneys were analyzed. In in vitro experiments, we examined whether 1%O2 MSCs enhanced the ability to produce anti-fibrotic humoral factors using transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-stimulated HK-2 cells incubated with conditioned medium from MSCs. Results Administration of rat 1%O2 MSCs (1%O2 rMSCs) attenuated renal fibrosis and inflammation more significantly than rat 21%O2 MSCs. Notably, human 1%O2 MSCs (1%O2 hMSCs) also attenuated renal fibrosis to the same extent as 1%O2 rMSCs. Flow cytometry showed that 1%O2 hMSCs did not change human leukocyte antigen expression. Further in vitro experiments revealed that conditioned medium from 1%O2 MSCs further suppressed TGF-β1-induced fibrotic changes in HK-2 cells compared with 21%O2 MSCs. Hypoxic preconditioning enhanced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) secretion. Interestingly, VEGF knockdown in 1%O2 MSCs attenuated HGF secretion and the inhibition of TGF-β1-induced fibrotic changes in HK-2 cells. In addition, VEGF knockdown in 1%O2 hMSCs reduced the anti-fibrotic effect in IRI rats. Conclusions Our results indicate that hypoxia-preconditioned MSCs are useful as an allogeneic transplantation cell therapy to prevent renal fibrosis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ishiuchi
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Ayumu Nakashima
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan. .,Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Shigehiro Doi
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Ken Yoshida
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.,TWOCELLS Company, Limited, 16-35 Hijiyama-honmachi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 732-0816, Japan
| | - Ryo Kanai
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yumi Yamada
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ike
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Toshiki Doi
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yukio Kato
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.,TWOCELLS Company, Limited, 16-35 Hijiyama-honmachi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 732-0816, Japan
| | - Takao Masaki
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
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20
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Hata Y, Kuwabara T, Mori K, Kan Y, Sato Y, Umemoto S, Fujimoto D, Kanki T, Nishiguchi Y, Yokoi H, Kakizoe Y, Izumi Y, Yanagita M, Mukoyama M. Ablation of Myeloid Cell MRP8 Ameliorates Nephrotoxic Serum-induced Glomerulonephritis by Affecting Macrophage Characterization through Intraglomerular Crosstalk. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3056. [PMID: 32080297 PMCID: PMC7033179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59970-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and one of its endogenous ligands myeloid-related protein 8 (MRP8 or S100A8), especially expressed in macrophages, play an important role in diabetic nephropathy and autoimmune disorders. However, detailed mechanisms and consequence of MRP8 expression remain unknown, partly due to embryonic lethality of MRP8 knockout mice. In this study, Myeloid lineage cell-specific MRP8 knockout mice were generated, and nephrotoxic serum-induced glomerulonephritis was developed. Mice with conditional ablation of MRP8 gene in myeloid cells exhibited less severe histological damage, proteinuria and inflammatory changes compared to control mice. Mechanism of MRP8 upregulation was investigated using cultured cells. Co-culture of macrophages with mesangial cells or mesangial cell-conditioned media, but not with proximal tubules, markedly upregulated MRP8 gene expression and inflammatory M1 phenotype in macrophages, which was attenuated in MRP8-deleted bone marrow-derived macrophages. Effects of MRP8 deletion was further studied in the context of macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle), which is critically involved in maintenance of M1 phenotype of macrophages. MRP8 ablation in myeloid cells suppressed the induction of Mincle expression on macrophages in glomerulonephritis. Thus, we propose that intraglomerular crosstalk between mesangial cells and macrophages plays a role in inflammatory changes in glomerulonephritis, and MRP8-dependent Mincle expression in macrophage may be involved in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Hata
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takashige Kuwabara
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan. .,Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Kiyoshi Mori
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Nephrology and Kidney Research, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Youngna Kan
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuro Umemoto
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Fujimoto
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kanki
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Nishiguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideki Yokoi
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kakizoe
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Izumi
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Motoko Yanagita
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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21
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Uchimura R, Ueda T, Fukazawa R, Hayakawa J, Ohashi R, Nagi-Miura N, Ohno N, Migita M, Itoh Y. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells suppress coronary arteritis of Kawasaki disease in vivo. Pediatr Int 2020; 62:14-21. [PMID: 31758839 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic inflammatory disease resulting in an acute febrile syndrome commonly affecting children younger than 5 years. Coronary arteritis in KD is occasionally non-responsive to several treatments. Recently, adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been shown to have anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and tissue-repair characteristics and are considered a useful treatment for inflammatory disease. The present study aimed to elucidate whether the administration of ADSCs can suppress KD-associated vasculitis in vivo. METHODS Candida albicans water-soluble fraction is often used to model KD via the induction of severe coronary arteritis. Kawasaki disease model mice were intravenously administered ADSCs and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). On day 29, the mice were sacrificed and hearts from mice in each group were dissected. This was followed by serum collection. Cardiac tissue sections were subjected to histopathological examination to evaluate the inflammatory area. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the serum were analyzed at days 15 and 29. The survival rates of both groups were compared. RESULTS The mean inflammatory area in coronary arteritis was significantly lower in the ADSC group compared to the PBS group (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-12, IL-17, RANTES, INF-γ, and TNF-α, in the ADSC group were significantly lower than those in the PBS group. Moreover, the ADSC group had a significantly higher survival rate than the PBS group. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight that ADSCs have anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory functions that could provide novel cell-based therapeutic strategies for severe KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi Uchimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ueda
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuji Fukazawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Hayakawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuji Ohashi
- Department of Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Nagi-Miura
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohito Ohno
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Migita
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Itoh
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Zhou W, Lin J, Zhao K, Jin K, He Q, Hu Y, Feng G, Cai Y, Xia C, Liu H, Shen W, Hu X, Ouyang H. Single-Cell Profiles and Clinically Useful Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Adipose and Bone Marrow Origin. Am J Sports Med 2019; 47:1722-1733. [PMID: 31100005 DOI: 10.1177/0363546519848678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from various tissues and can present themselves as a promising cell source for cell-based therapies. Although adipose- and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells have already been used in a considerable number of clinical trials for osteoarthritis treatment, systematic analyses from single- to bulk-cell resolution as well as clinical outcomes of these 2 MSCs are still insufficient. PURPOSE To explore the characteristics and differences of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs) at single- and bulk-cell levels, to study the clinical outcomes of these 2 cells on the treatment of osteoarthritis, and to provide potential guidance on the more precise clinical application of these MSCs. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study and meta-analysis. METHODS Same donor-derived ADSCs and BMSCs were isolated and cultured. Single- and bulk-cell assays were used to identify the characteristics of these 2 cells. Meta-analysis of clinical trials was done to compare the clinical therapeutic effects in osteoarthritis treatment with ADSCs and BMSCs. RESULTS Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis showed that the population of ADSCs showed lower transcriptomic heterogeneity when compared with BMSCs. Additionally, as compared with BMSCs, ADSCs were less dependent on mitochondrial respiration for energy production. Furthermore, ADSCs had a lower expression level of human leukocyte antigen class I antigen and higher immunosuppression capacity when compared with the BMSC population. Meta-analysis of current clinical trials of osteoarthritis treatment with MSCs consistently showed that ADSCs are more stable than BMSCs in their therapeutic effect. CONCLUSION These results provide basic biological insights into human ADSCs and BMSCs at the single-cell resolution. Findings indicated that ADSCs may be a more controllable stem cell source, may be more adaptable to surviving in the hypoxic articular cavity niche, and may exhibit superiority in regulating inflammation. Based on the meta-analysis results of the different characteristics of ADSCs and BMSCs, ADSCs were implicated as being a better cell source for osteoarthritis treatment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These results guide a more precise clinical application of adipose and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Zhou
- Investigation performed at the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junxin Lin
- Investigation performed at the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Investigation performed at the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaixiu Jin
- Investigation performed at the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiulin He
- Investigation performed at the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yejun Hu
- Investigation performed at the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Feng
- Investigation performed at the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youzhi Cai
- Investigation performed at the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Xia
- Investigation performed at the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Investigation performed at the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Shen
- Investigation performed at the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueqing Hu
- Investigation performed at the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Investigation performed at the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Chen T, Cao Q, Wang Y, Harris DCH. M2 macrophages in kidney disease: biology, therapies, and perspectives. Kidney Int 2019; 95:760-773. [PMID: 30827512 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tissue macrophages are crucial players in homeostasis, inflammation, and immunity. They are characterized by heterogeneity and plasticity, due to which they display a continuum of phenotypes with M1/M2 presenting 2 extremes of this continuum. M2 macrophages are usually termed in the literature as anti-inflammatory and wound healing. Substantial progress has been made in elucidating the biology of M2 macrophages and their potential for clinical translation. In this review we discuss the current state of knowledge in M2 macrophage research with an emphasis on kidney disease. We explore their therapeutic potential and the challenges in using them as cellular therapies. Some new regulators that shape macrophage polarization and potential areas for future research are also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titi Chen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Center for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Qi Cao
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Center for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yiping Wang
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Center for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David C H Harris
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Center for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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24
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Damous LL, de Carvalho AETS, Nakamuta JS, Shiroma ME, Louzada ACS, Soares-Jr JM, Krieger JE, Baracat EC. Cell-free therapy with the secretome of adipose tissue-derived stem cells in rats' frozen-thawed ovarian grafts. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:323. [PMID: 30463630 PMCID: PMC6249760 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1054-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of secretome may be a new strand of cell therapy, which is equal to or even superior to the injection of live cells, called cell-free therapy. In ovarian transplantation, this approach may be a therapeutic possibility for the ovarian graft in hypoxia. We designed the present study to evaluate whether the cell-free therapy with the secretome of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) in rat frozen-thawed ovarian grafts could protect a graft against ischemic injury. A single dose of rat ASCs secretome or vehicle was injected into the bilateral frozen-thawed ovaries of 18 adult female rats immediately after an autologous transplant. Nine animals were used to control the cryopreservation protocol and were evaluated before and after the cryopreservation process. Daily vaginal smears were performed for estrous cycle evaluation until euthanasia on postoperative day 30. Follicle viability by trypan blue, graft morphology by HE, and apoptosis by TUNEL and cleaved-caspase-3 were assessed. No differences were found with respect to estrous cycle resumption and follicle viability (p > 0.05). However, compared with the vehicle-treated grafts, the morphology of the secretome-treated grafts was impaired, showing reduced follicular population and increased apoptosis (p < 0.05). ASC secretome impaired the rat frozen-thawed ovarian graft from ischemic injury. However, more studies are needed to evaluate the factors involved and the possibility of applying the secretome in scaffolds to optimize its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Lamarão Damous
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM58), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Arnaldo av 455, 4nf floor, room 4119, Pacaembu, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil. .,Baturite St, 120. Ap 91., Aclimação, São Paulo, 01530-030, Brazil.
| | - Ana Elisa Teófilo Saturi de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar Av 44, 10th floor, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Juliana Sanajotti Nakamuta
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar Av 44, 10th floor, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Marcos Eiji Shiroma
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM58), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Arnaldo av 455, 4nf floor, room 4119, Pacaembu, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Andressa Cristina Sposato Louzada
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM58), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Arnaldo av 455, 4nf floor, room 4119, Pacaembu, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - José Maria Soares-Jr
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM58), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Arnaldo av 455, 4nf floor, room 4119, Pacaembu, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar Av 44, 10th floor, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Edmund C Baracat
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM58), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Arnaldo av 455, 4nf floor, room 4119, Pacaembu, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
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25
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Yoshida K, Nakashima A, Doi S, Ueno T, Okubo T, Kawano KI, Kanawa M, Kato Y, Higashi Y, Masaki T. Serum-Free Medium Enhances the Immunosuppressive and Antifibrotic Abilities of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Utilized in Experimental Renal Fibrosis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 7:893-905. [PMID: 30269426 PMCID: PMC6265641 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum used in culture medium brings risks of immune reactions or infections and thus may hinder using ex vivo expanded mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for medical treatment. Here, we cultured MSCs in a serum-free medium (SF-MSCs) and in a medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (10%MSCs) and investigated their effects on inflammation and fibrosis. MSC-conditioned medium suppressed transforming growth factor-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 in HK-2 cells, with no significant difference between the two MSCs. This finding suggests that the direct antifibrotic effect of SF-MSCs is similar to that of 10%MSCs. However, immunohistochemistry revealed that renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats was more significantly ameliorated by the administration of SF-MSCs than by that of 10%MSCs. Coculture of MSCs and monocytic THP-1 cell-derived macrophages using a Transwell system showed that SF-MSCs significantly induced polarization from the proinflammatory M1 to the immunosuppressive M2 phenotype macrophages, suggesting that SF-MSCs strongly suppress the persistence of inflammation. Furthermore, the gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 6 (TSG-6), which inhibits the recruitment of inflammatory cells, was higher in SF-MSCs than in 10%MSCs, and TSG-6 knockdown in SF-MSCs attenuated the anti-inflammatory responses in unilateral ureteral obstruction rats. These findings imply that SF culture conditions can enhance the immunosuppressive and antifibrotic abilities of MSCs and the administration of ex vivo expanded SF-MSCs has the potential to be a useful therapy for preventing the progression of renal fibrosis. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2018;7:893-905.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Yoshida
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ayumu Nakashima
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Doi
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toshinori Ueno
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoe Okubo
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ki-Ichiro Kawano
- Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masami Kanawa
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukio Kato
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,TWOCELLS Company, Limited, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukihito Higashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takao Masaki
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
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26
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Bhattacharya S, Aggarwal A. M2 macrophages and their role in rheumatic diseases. Rheumatol Int 2018; 39:769-780. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-018-4120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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27
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Kotani T, Masutani R, Suzuka T, Oda K, Makino S, Ii M. Anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of intravenous adipose-derived stem cell transplantation in a mouse model of bleomycin-induced interstitial pneumonia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14608. [PMID: 29097816 PMCID: PMC5668313 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (AdSCs) have recently been considered a useful treatment tool for autoimmune disease because of their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. We investigated the therapeutic effect of intravenous AdSC transplantation in a mouse model of bleomycin-induced lung injury. AdSCs accumulated in the pulmonary interstitium and inhibited both inflammation and fibrosis in the lung, markedly improving the survival rate of mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury in a cell number-dependent manner. AdSCs inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-12 in activated macrophages, and AdSCs also induced the apoptosis of activated macrophages. AdSCs inhibited the differentiation and proliferation of Th2-type mCD4+ T cells but promoted the differentiation and proliferation of regulatory T cells, suggesting that the phenotypic conversion of T cells may be one of the mechanisms for the anti-inflammatory effect of AdSCs on pulmonary fibrosis. These findings suggest that intravenous AdSCs could be a promising treatment for patients with interstitial pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Kotani
- Department of Internal Medicine (IV), Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryota Masutani
- Division of Central Laboratory, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayasu Suzuka
- Department of Internal Medicine (IV), Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Oda
- Department of Internal Medicine (IV), Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeki Makino
- Department of Internal Medicine (IV), Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaaki Ii
- Division of Research Animal Laboratory and Translational Medicine, Research and Development Center, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan.
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Li J, Yu YF, Liu CH, Wang CM. Significance of M2 macrophages in glomerulonephritis with crescents. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:1215-1220. [PMID: 28554749 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES CD163 and CD206, markers of M2 macrophages, possesses anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the clinicopathologic significance of M2 macrophages in patients of glomerulonephritis with crescents. METHODS Renal tissue samples from patients of glomerulonephritis with more than 30% cell or cell-fibrous crescents, including lupus nephritis (LN, n=14), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV, n=14), IgA nephropathy(IgAN) (n=11), Henoch Schonlein purpura glomerulonephritis(HSPGN)(n=8)were included in this study. The expression of CD163, CD206 and CD68 in renal tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence. RESULTS (1) CD163 was mainly expressed in cell or cell-fibrous crescents, proliferative glomerular lesions and acute tubulointerstitial injury. There were numerous CD163-positive cells in LN and AAV in comparison with IgAN and HSPGN. (2) CD206-positive cells were mainly observed in acute tubulointerstitial injury, and proliferative glomerular lesions, especially in LN. Patients with LN had numerous CD206-positive cells in glomerular than other groups. The number of CD163-positive cells and CD206-positive cells in acute tubulointerstitial lesions of LN and AAV were more than IgAN and HSPGN. (3) Both the number of CD163-positive cells and CD206-positive cells in acute tubulointerstitial lesions negatively correlated to estimated glomerular filtration rate. (4) In LN, activity index (AI) positively correlated with the number of CD206-positive cells and CD163-positive cells. Dual staining showed that CD163-positive cells and CD206-positive cells also expressed CD68. CONCLUSIONS CD163-positive cells and CD206-positive cells, subpopulation of macrophages, which were involved in the pathogenesis of active crescentic glomerulonephritis, especially in LN and AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ya-Fen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang-Hua Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cui-Mei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu, China
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Lee TM, Harn HJ, Chiou TW, Chuang MH, Chen CH, Lin PC, Lin SZ. Targeting the pathway of GSK-3β/nerve growth factor to attenuate post-infarction arrhythmias by preconditioned adipose-derived stem cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 104:17-30. [PMID: 28130118 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) transplantation is a promising new therapy to improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction. However, its low efficacy of transdifferentiation hampers its usefulness. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) signal has been shown to play a role in preconditioning-induced cardioprotection. We assessed whether n-butylidenephthalide (BP) primed ADSCs can attenuate arrhythmias by a GSK-3β-dependent pathway after myocardial infarction. Male Wistar rats after coronary ligation was randomly allocated to receive intramyocardial injection of vehicle, ADSCs, BP-preconditioned ADSCs, (BP+lithium)-preconditioned ADSCs, (BP+SB216763)-preconditioned ADSCs, and (BP+LY294002)-preconditioned ADSCs. ADSCs were primed for 16h before implantation. After 4weeks of implantation, ADSCs were retained in myocardium, reduced fibrosis and improved cardiac function. Sympathetic hyperinnervation was blunted after administering ADSCs, assessed by immunofluorescent analysis, and Western blotting and real-time quantitative RT-PCR of nerve growth factor. Arrhythmic scores during programmed stimulation in the ADSC-treated infarcted rats were significantly lower than vehicle. BP-preconditioned ADSCs had superior cardioprotection, greater ADSC engraftment and transdifferentiation, and antiarrhythmic effects compared with ADSCs alone. Simultaneously, BP increased the levels of phospho-Akt and down-regulated GSK-3β activity. The effects of BP against sympathetic hyperinnervation were blocked by LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor. Addition of either lithium or SB216763 did not have additional effects compared with BP alone. Compared with ADSC alone, BP-primed ADSC implantation improved stem cell engraftment and attenuated sympathetic hyperinnervation and arrhythmias through a PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β-dependent pathway, suggesting that a synergic action was achieved between BP pretreatment and ADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Ming Lee
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Section, China Medical University-An Nan Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation; Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science, Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation; Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University.
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Fiore E, Malvicini M, Bayo J, Peixoto E, Atorrasagasti C, Sierra R, Rodríguez M, Gómez Bustillo S, García MG, Aquino JB, Mazzolini G. Involvement of hepatic macrophages in the antifibrotic effect of IGF-I-overexpressing mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:172. [PMID: 27876093 PMCID: PMC5120504 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0424-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cirrhosis is a major health problem worldwide and new therapies are needed. Hepatic macrophages (hMø) have a pivotal role in liver fibrosis, being able to act in both its promotion and its resolution. It is well-known that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can modulate the immune/inflammatory cells. However, the effects of MSCs over hMø in the context of liver fibrosis remain unclear. We previously described evidence of the antifibrotic effects of in vivo applying MSCs, which were enhanced by forced overexpression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (AdIGF-I-MSCs). The aim of this work was to analyze the effect of MSCs on hMø behavior in the context of liver fibrosis resolution. METHODS Fibrosis was induced in BALB/c mice by chronic administration of thioacetamide (8 weeks). In vivo gene expression analyses, in vitro experiments using hMø isolated from the nonparenchymal liver cells fraction, and in vivo experiments with depletion of Mø were performed. RESULTS One day after treatment, hMø from fibrotic livers of MSCs-treated animals showed reduced pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrogenic gene expression profiles. These shifts were more pronounced in AdIGF-I-MSCs condition. This group showed a significant upregulation in the expression of arginase-1 and a higher downregulation of iNOS expression thus suggesting decreased levels of oxidative stress. An upregulation in IGF-I and HGF expression was observed in hMø from AdIGF-I-MSCs-treated mice suggesting a restorative phenotype in these cells. Factors secreted by hMø, preconditioned with MSCs supernatant, caused a reduction in the expression levels of hepatic stellate cells pro-fibrogenic and activation markers. Interestingly, hMø depletion abrogated the therapeutic effect achieved with AdIGF-I-MSCs therapy. Expression profile analyses for cell cycle markers were performed on fibrotic livers after treatment with AdIGF-I-MSCs and showed a significant regulation in genes related to DNA synthesis and repair quality control, cell cycle progression, and DNA damage/cellular stress compatible with early induction of pro-regenerative and hepatoprotective mechanisms. Moreover, depletion of hMø abrogated such effects on the expression of the most highly regulated genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that AdIGF-I-MSCs are able to induce a pro-fibrotic to resolutive phenotype shift on hepatic macrophages, which is a key early event driving liver fibrosis amelioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Fiore
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Peron 1500, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires B1629AHJ Argentina
| | - Mariana Malvicini
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Peron 1500, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires B1629AHJ Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas) Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Bayo
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Peron 1500, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires B1629AHJ Argentina
| | - Estanislao Peixoto
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Peron 1500, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires B1629AHJ Argentina
| | - Catalina Atorrasagasti
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Peron 1500, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires B1629AHJ Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas) Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina Sierra
- Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Peron 1500, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires B1629AHJ Argentina
| | - Marcelo Rodríguez
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Peron 1500, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires B1629AHJ Argentina
| | - Sofia Gómez Bustillo
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Peron 1500, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires B1629AHJ Argentina
| | - Mariana G. García
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Peron 1500, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires B1629AHJ Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas) Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge B. Aquino
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas) Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Peron 1500, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires B1629AHJ Argentina
| | - Guillermo Mazzolini
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Peron 1500, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires B1629AHJ Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas) Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Transfusion of CD206 + M2 Macrophages Ameliorates Antibody-Mediated Glomerulonephritis in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:3176-3188. [PMID: 27855848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are multifunctional immune cells that may either drive or modulate disease pathogenesis, depending on the activated phenotype. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of CD206+ M2 macrophages against nephrotoxic serum nephritis in mice. We found that these immunosuppressive macrophages, derived from bone marrow and stimulated with IL-4/IL-13 [CD206+ M2 bone marrow-derived macrophages (M2BMMs)], protected against renal injury, decreased proteinuria, and diminished the infiltration of CD68+ macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells into glomerular tissue. Comparable therapeutic results were obtained with CD206+ M2 cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. Notably, CD206+ M2BMMs, which retained an M2 signature, could elicit a switch of M1 to M2 phenotype in co-cultured macrophages. Moreover, these cells were found to induce the production of regulatory T cells in the spleen and renal draining lymph node. Accordingly, mRNA expression of the T helper 1 cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-β, interferon-γ, and IL-12 was significantly reduced in kidneys from mice treated with CD206+ M2BMMs. Taken together, the data suggest that CD206+ M2 may have therapeutic potential against antibody-mediated glomerular injury and presents its therapeutic value for the treatment of crescentic nephritis in humans.
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Singer RF, Williams O, Mercado C, Chen B, Talaulikar G, Walters G, Roberts DM. Regional citrate anticoagulation in hemodialysis: an observational study of safety, efficacy, and effect on calcium balance during routine care. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2016; 3:22. [PMID: 27099775 PMCID: PMC4837599 DOI: 10.1186/s40697-016-0113-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regional citrate hemodialysis anticoagulation is used when heparin is contraindicated, but most protocols require large infusions of calcium and frequent intradialytic plasma ionized calcium measurements. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to determine the safety, efficacy, and effect on calcium balance of regional citrate anticoagulation using sparse plasma ionized calcium sampling. DESIGN The design of this study was observational. SETTING The setting of this study was the hospital hemodialysis center. PATIENTS The subjects of this study were the hospital hemodialysis patients. MEASUREMENTS Dialysate calcium concentration by atomic absorption spectroscopy and total dialysate weight were used as measurements. METHODS Regional citrate anticoagulation was introduced using zero calcium dialysate, pre-dialyzer citrate infusion, and post-dialyzer calcium infusion. Infusions were adjusted based on pre- and post-dialyzer calcium measurements obtained at least twice during a 4-h dialysis. The protocol was simplified after the first 357 sessions to dispense with post-dialyzer calcium measurements. Heparin-anticoagulated sessions were performed using acetate-acidified 1.25 mmol/L calcium or citrate-acidified 1.5 mmol/L calcium dialysate. Calcium balance assessment was by complete dialysate recovery. Safety and efficacy were assessed prospectively using a point-of-care database to record ionized calcium and clinical events. Groups were compared using t test, ANOVA, Wilcoxon rank sum, or Kruskal-Wallis as appropriate. RESULTS Seventy-five patients received regional citrate-anticoagulated dialysis over 1051 dialysis sessions. Of these, 357 dialysis sessions were performed using the original citrate anticoagulation protocol and 694 using the simplified protocol. Dialysis was effective and safe. Only 3 dialyzers clotted; 1 patient suffered symptomatic hypercalcemia and none suffered symptomatic hypocalcemia. Calcium balance was assessed in 15 regional citrate-anticoagulated dialysis sessions and 30 heparin-anticoagulated sessions. The median calcium loss was 0.8 mmol/h dialyzed in both groups (p = 0.43), and end of treatment ionized calcium was the same in both groups (1.07 ± 0.04 mmol/L). LIMITATIONS Our findings for calcium balance, efficacy, and safety are valid only for the protocol studied, which excluded patient with severe liver dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Regional citrate dialysis can be performed safely and effectively using a sparse plasma calcium sampling protocol. The calcium balance induced by this protocol is not different to that seen in standard heparin-anticoagulated dialysis, but in the absence of prospective studies, it is unknown whether this is optimal for patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard F. Singer
- />The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
- />The Canberra Hospital, Level 2, Building 15, PO Box 11, Woden, 2606 Australia
| | | | - Chari Mercado
- />The Canberra Hospital, Level 2, Building 15, PO Box 11, Woden, 2606 Australia
| | - Bonny Chen
- />The Canberra Hospital, Level 2, Building 15, PO Box 11, Woden, 2606 Australia
| | - Girish Talaulikar
- />The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
- />The Canberra Hospital, Level 2, Building 15, PO Box 11, Woden, 2606 Australia
| | - Giles Walters
- />The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
- />The Canberra Hospital, Level 2, Building 15, PO Box 11, Woden, 2606 Australia
| | - Darren M. Roberts
- />The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
- />The Canberra Hospital, Level 2, Building 15, PO Box 11, Woden, 2606 Australia
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Abstract
BACKGROUND CD163, a marker of M2 macrophages, possesses anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the clinicopathological significance of CD163-positive macrophages in proliferative glomerulonephritis. METHODS Renal tissue samples from patients with lupus nephritis (LN, n = 22), antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated pauci-immune necrotizing glomerulonephritis (PNGN, n = 10), type 1 membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (n = 5), minimal change disease (n = 8) and normal control kidneys (n = 3) were included in this study. The expression of CD163, CD68, CD20 and CD3 in renal tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence. The level of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS CD163 was mainly expressed in active crescentic glomerulonephritis, proliferative glomerular lesions and areas of tubulointerstitial injury. Patients with LN-IV and PNGN had numerous CD163-positive cells in glomerular and acute tubulointerstitial lesions. CD163-positive cells in glomeruli positively correlated to proteinuria yet negatively correlated to estimated glomerular filtration rate. There was a positive correlation between the number of CD163 cells in acute tubulointerstitial lesions and NGAL levels, whereas a negative correlation between CD163 numbers and estimated glomerular filtration rate. The number of CD163-positive cells in crescentic glomerulonephritis was more than other groups. In LN, the number of CD163 cells in the tubulointerstitial and glomerular lesions had a positive correlation with activity index. Dual staining showed that CD163-positive cells also expressed CD68, although they did not show any staining for CD20 or CD3. CONCLUSIONS CD163-positive macrophages were involved in the pathogenesis of proliferative glomerular lesions, active crescentic glomerulonephritis and acute tubular injury of patients with PNGN and active LN.
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Suzuki E, Fujita D, Takahashi M, Oba S, Nishimatsu H. Adult stem cells as a tool for kidney regeneration. World J Nephrol 2016; 5:43-52. [PMID: 26788463 PMCID: PMC4707167 DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v5.i1.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney regeneration is a challenging but promising strategy aimed at reducing the progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and improving the quality of life of patients with ESRD. Adult stem cells are multipotent stem cells that reside in various tissues, such as bone marrow and adipose tissue. Although intensive studies to isolate kidney stem/progenitor cells from the adult kidney have been performed, it remains controversial whether stem/progenitor cells actually exist in the mammalian adult kidney. The efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the recovery of kidney function has been demonstrated in animal nephropathy models, such as acute tubular injury, glomerulonephritis, renal artery stenosis, and remnant kidney. However, their beneficial effects seem to be mediated largely via their paracrine effects rather than their direct differentiation into renal parenchymal cells. MSCs not only secrete bioactive molecules directly into the circulation, but they also release various molecules, such as proteins, mRNA, and microRNA, in membrane-covered vesicles. A detailed analysis of these molecules and an exploration of the optimal combination of these molecules will enable the treatment of patients with kidney disease without using stem cells. Another option for the treatment of patients with kidney disease using adult somatic cells is a direct/indirect reprogramming of adult somatic cells into kidney stem/progenitor cells. Although many hurdles still need to be overcome, this strategy will enable bona fide kidney regeneration rather than kidney repair using remnant renal parenchymal cells.
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Liao N, Wu M, Pan F, Lin J, Li Z, Zhang D, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Peng J, Liu X, Liu J. Poly (dopamine) coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocluster for noninvasive labeling, tracking, and targeted delivery of adipose tissue-derived stem cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18746. [PMID: 26728448 PMCID: PMC4700528 DOI: 10.1038/srep18746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tracking and monitoring of cells in vivo after transplantation can provide crucial information for stem cell therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with contrast agents is believed to be an effective and non-invasive technique for cell tracking in living bodies. However, commercial superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) applied to label cells suffer from shortages such as potential toxicity, low labeling efficiency, and low contrast enhancing. Herein, the adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were efficiently labeled with SPIONs coated with poly (dopamine) (SPIONs cluster@PDA), without affecting their viability, proliferation, apoptosis, surface marker expression, as well as their self-renew ability and multi-differentiation potential. The labeled cells transplanted into the mice through tail intravenous injection exhibited a negative enhancement of the MRI signal in the damaged liver-induced by carbon tetrachloride, and subsequently these homed ADSCs with SPIONs cluster@PDA labeling exhibited excellent repair effects to the damaged liver. Moreover, the enhanced target-homing to tissue of interest and repair effects of SPIONs cluster@PDA-labeled ADSCs could be achieved by use of external magnetic field in the excisional skin wound mice model. Therefore, we provide a facile, safe, noninvasive and sensitive method for external magnetic field targeted delivery and MRI based tracking of transplanted cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naishun Liao
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China.,The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
| | - Ming Wu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China.,The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
| | - Fan Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fuzong Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, P.R. China
| | - Jiumao Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zuanfang Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, P.R. China
| | - Da Zhang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China.,The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
| | - Yingchao Wang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China.,The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
| | - Youshi Zheng
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China.,The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China.,The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China.,The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350007, P.R. China
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Wise AF, Williams TM, Rudd S, Wells CA, Kerr PG, Ricardo SD. Human mesenchymal stem cells alter the gene profile of monocytes from patients with Type 2 diabetes and end-stage renal disease. Regen Med 2015; 11:145-58. [PMID: 26544198 DOI: 10.2217/rme.15.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Macrophage infiltration contributes to the pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties, making them an ideal candidate for therapeutic intervention. This study investigated whether MSCs can modulate the phenotype of monocytes isolated from Type 2 diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease. MATERIALS & METHODS Monocytes from control (n = 4) and Type 2 diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease (n = 5) were assessed using flow cytometry and microarray profiling, following 48 h of co-culture with MSCs. RESULTS Control subjects had a greater proportion of CD14(++)CD16(-) monocytes while diabetic patients had a higher proportion of CD14(++)CD16(+) and CD14(+)CD16(++) monocytes. MSCs promoted the proliferation of monocytes isolated from diabetic patients, reduced HLA-DR expression in both groups and promoted the expression of anti-inflammatory genes. CONCLUSION MSC-derived factors alter the polarization of monocytes isolated from healthy and diabetic subjects toward an M2 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea F Wise
- Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Timothy M Williams
- Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Stephen Rudd
- Queensland Facility for Advanced Bioinformatics (QFAB), University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Christine A Wells
- The Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia.,Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Peter G Kerr
- Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Sharon D Ricardo
- Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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37
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Hattori Y, Kim H, Tsuboi N, Yamamoto A, Akiyama S, Shi Y, Katsuno T, Kosugi T, Ueda M, Matsuo S, Maruyama S. Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth in Models of Acute Kidney Injury. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140121. [PMID: 26509261 PMCID: PMC4625005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical condition associated with high mortality. However, the available treatments for AKI are limited. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) have recently gained attention as a novel source of stem cells. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether SHED have a therapeutic effect on AKI induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods The left renal artery and vein of the mice were clamped for 20 min to induce ischemia. SHED, bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) or phosphate-buffered saline (control) were administered into the subrenal capsule. To confirm the potency of SHED in vitro, H2O2 stimulation assays and scratch assays were performed. Results The serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels of the SHED group were significantly lower than those of the control group, while BMMSC showed no therapeutic effect. Infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils in the kidney was significantly attenuated in mice treated with SHED. Cytokine levels (MIP-2, IL-1β, and MCP-1) in mice kidneys were significantly reduced in the SHED group. In in vitro experiments, SHED significantly decreased MCP-1 secretion in tubular epithelial cells (TEC) stimulated with H2O2. In addition, SHED promoted wound healing in the scratch assays, which was blunted by anti-HGF antibodies. Discussion SHED attenuated the levels of inflammatory cytokines and improved kidney function in AKI induced by IRI. SHED secreted factors reduced MCP-1 and increased HGF expression, which promoted wound healing. These results suggest that SHED might provide a novel stem cell resource, which can be applied for the treatment of ischemic kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Hattori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hangsoo Kim
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naotake Tsuboi
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akihito Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shinichi Akiyama
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yiqin Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takayuki Katsuno
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kosugi
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Minoru Ueda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Seiichi Matsuo
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shoichi Maruyama
- Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Li J, Liu CH, Gao B, Xu DL. Clinical-pathologic significance of CD163 positive macrophage in IgA nephropathy patients with crescents. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:9299-9305. [PMID: 26309588 PMCID: PMC4538096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD163, a marker of M2 macrophages, express anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the difference of CD163 positive macrophages expression between IgA nephropathy patients with and without crescents. METHODS Renal tissues from IgAN patients (n = 24), including IgAN with crescents (n = 10), IgAN without crescents (n = 14), minimal change disease (MCD, as disease control, n = 8) and normal control kidneys (negative control, n = 3), were included in this study. Expressions of CD163 and CD68 in renal tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence. RESULTS Compared with IgAN without crescent, IgAN patients with crescents have lower serum albumin and poor renal function. CD163 was mainly expressed in acute tubulointerstitial lesions. CD163 positive cells accumulate in areas around tubules with RBC casts. CD163 positive cells can also be seen in tubular lumen. CD163 positive cells can be seen in glomerular lesions, including endocapillary hypercellularity, cellular crescent and fibrous-cellular crescent. There were more CD163 positive cells in tubulointerstitial and glomerular lesions in IgAN patients with crescents. CD163 positive cells number in tubulointerstitial tissue was positive correlated with percentage of crescents, proteinuria, and negative correlated with serum albumin, eGFR. CD163 positive cells number in glomeruli was positive correlated with percentage of crescents, and was negative correlated with eGFR. Percentage of crescents was negative correlated with serum albumin, eGFR, and positive correlated with proteinuria. Dual staining showed that CD163 positive cells also expressed CD68. CONCLUSIONS CD163 positive macrophages were involved in active crescent disease, acute tubular injury and glomerular lesions of IgAN with crescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang-Hua Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dao-Liang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu, China
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Gunaydin G, Kesikli SA, Guc D. Cancer associated fibroblasts have phenotypic and functional characteristics similar to the fibrocytes that represent a novel MDSC subset. Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e1034918. [PMID: 26405600 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1034918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating fibrocytes were reported to represent a novel myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) subset and they were also proposed to be involved in the tumor immune escape. This novel fibrocyte subset had a surface phenotype resembling non-monocytic MDSCs (CD14-CD11chiCD123-) and exhibited immunomodulatory roles. Most effector functions of fibrocytes (circulating fibroblast-progenitors) are accomplished as tissue fibroblasts, likewise in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, fibroblasts at tumor tissues should be evaluated whether they display similar molecular/gene expression patterns and functional roles to the blood-borne fibrocytes. A chemically induced rat breast carcinogenesis model was utilized to obtain cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs). CAFs and normal tissue fibroblasts (NFs) were isolated from cancerous and healthy breast tissues, respectively, using a previously described enzymatic protocol. Both CAFs and NFs were analyzed for cell surface phenotypes by flow cytometry and for gene expression profiles by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). PBMCs were cocultured with either NFs or CAFs and proliferations of PBMCs were assessed by CFSE assays. Morphological analyses were performed by immunocytochemistry stainings with vimentin. CAFs were spindle shaped cells unlike their blood-borne counterparts. They did not express CD80 and their MHC-II expression was lower than NFs. Although CAFs expressed the myeloid marker CD11b/c, its expression was lower than that on the circulating fibrocytes. CAFs did not express granulocytic/neutrophilic markers and they seemed to have developed in an environment containing THELPER2-like cytokines. They also showed immunosuppressive effects similar to their blood-borne counterparts. In summary, CAFs showed similar phenotypic and functional characteristics to the circulating fibrocytes that were reported to represent a unique MDSC subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurcan Gunaydin
- Department of Basic Oncology; Hacettepe University Cancer Institute ; Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Altug Kesikli
- Department of Basic Oncology; Hacettepe University Cancer Institute ; Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dicle Guc
- Department of Basic Oncology; Hacettepe University Cancer Institute ; Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract
Macrophage accumulation associates closely with the degree of renal structural injury and renal dysfunction in human kidney diseases. Depletion of macrophages reduces while adoptive transfer of macrophages worsens inflammation in animal models of the renal injury. However, emerging evidence support that macrophage polarization plays a critical role in the progression of a number of kidney diseases including obstructive nephropathy, ischemia-reperfusion injury, glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, and other kidney diseases. In this mini-review, we briefly summarize the macrophage infiltration and polarization in these inflammatory and fibrotic kidney diseases, discussing the results mostly from studies in animal models. In view of the critical role of macrophage in the progression of these diseases, manipulating macrophage phenotype may be a potential effective strategy to treat various kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojiang Tian
- Department of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China ; Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China ; Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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Greenhall GHB, Salama AD. What is new in the management of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis? Clin Kidney J 2015; 8:143-50. [PMID: 25815169 PMCID: PMC4370308 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfv008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) results from severe crescentic damage to glomeruli and leads to irreversible kidney failure if not diagnosed and managed in a timely fashion. Traditional treatment has relied on glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide, with additional plasmapheresis for certain conditions. Here we describe updates in the management of RPGN, according to the underlying renal pathology. However, there remains a paucity of trials that have enrolled patients with more advanced renal disease, dialysis dependence or with RPGN, and we are therefore still reliant on extrapolation of data from studies of patients with a less severe form of disease. In addition, reporting bias results in publication of cases or cohorts showing benefit for newer agents in advanced disease or RPGN, but it remains unclear how many unsuccessful outcomes in these circumstances take place. Since clinical trials specifically in RPGN are unlikely, use of biologic registries or combination of sufficient sized cohort series may provide indications of benefit outside of a clinical trial setting and should be encouraged, in order to provide some evidence for the efficacy of therapeutic regimens in RPGN and advanced renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan D Salama
- UCL Centre for Nephrology , Royal Free Hospital , London , UK
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42
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Papazova DA, Oosterhuis NR, Gremmels H, van Koppen A, Joles JA, Verhaar MC. Cell-based therapies for experimental chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dis Model Mech 2015; 8:281-93. [PMID: 25633980 PMCID: PMC4348565 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.017699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapy is a promising strategy for treating chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is currently the focus of preclinical studies. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of cell-based therapy in preclinical (animal) studies of CKD, and determined factors affecting cell-based therapy efficacy in order to guide future clinical trials. In total, 71 articles met the inclusion criteria. Standardised mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for outcome parameters including plasma urea, plasma creatinine, urinary protein, blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate, glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. Sub-analysis for each outcome measure was performed for model-related factors (species, gender, model and timing of therapy) and cell-related factors (cell type, condition and origin, administration route and regime of therapy). Overall, meta-analysis showed that cell-based therapy reduced the development and progression of CKD. This was most prominent for urinary protein (SMD, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.00–1.68) and urea (1.09; 0.66–1.51), both P<0.001. Changes in plasma urea were associated with changes in both glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. Sub-analysis showed that cell type (bone-marrow-derived progenitors and mesenchymal stromal cells being most effective) and administration route (intravenous or renal artery injection) were significant predictors of therapeutic efficacy. The timing of therapy in relation to clinical manifestation of disease, and cell origin and dose, were not associated with efficacy. Our meta-analysis confirms that cell-based therapies improve impaired renal function and morphology in preclinical models of CKD. Our analyses can be used to optimise experimental interventions and thus support both improved preclinical research and development of cell-based therapeutic interventions in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana A Papazova
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nynke R Oosterhuis
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik Gremmels
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arianne van Koppen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap A Joles
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Cui L, Shi Y, Han Y, Fan D. Immunological basis of stem cell therapy in liver diseases. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 10:1185-96. [PMID: 24964800 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2014.930665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Unbalanced immune cell populations or immune cell infiltration of the liver can disrupt the immune-privileged state of the liver, resulting in liver injury or fibrosis. Therefore, the treatment for liver diseases involves not only hepatic regeneration but also immunological regulation. Recent studies demonstrated that stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells, have the capacity for not only hepatic differentiation but also immunomodulation. In this respect, stem cell therapy could be a realistic aim for liver diseases by modulating the liver regenerative processes and down-regulating immune-mediated liver damage. In this review, we discuss in detail the importance of immune cells in liver injury and repair; the mechanism by which stem cells demonstrate an immune-tolerant phenotype that can be used for allogeneic transplantation; the effect of stem cell transplantation on immune-mediated diseases, especially liver diseases; and the mechanism by which stem cells improve the hepatic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
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Regenerative medicine for the kidney: renotropic factors, renal stem/progenitor cells, and stem cell therapy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:595493. [PMID: 24895592 PMCID: PMC4034406 DOI: 10.1155/2014/595493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The kidney has the capacity for regeneration and repair after a variety of insults. Over the past few decades, factors that promote repair of the injured kidney have been extensively investigated. By using kidney injury animal models, the role of intrinsic and extrinsic growth factors, transcription factors, and extracellular matrix in this process has been examined. The identification of renal stem cells in the adult kidney as well as in the embryonic kidney is an active area of research. Cell populations expressing putative stem cell markers or possessing stem cell properties have been found in the tubules, interstitium, and glomeruli of the normal kidney. Cell therapies with bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, and amniotic fluid-derived stem cells have been highly effective for the treatment of acute or chronic renal failure in animals. Embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells are also utilized for the construction of artificial kidneys or renal components. In this review, we highlight the advances in regenerative medicine for the kidney from the perspective of renotropic factors, renal stem/progenitor cells, and stem cell therapies and discuss the issues to be solved to realize regenerative therapy for kidney diseases in humans.
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Tsuboi N, Maruyama S, Matsuo S, Imai E. A ray of light in the dark: alternative approaches to the assessment and treatment of ischemic nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014; 29:228-31. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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