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Swift JF, Migicovsky Z, Trello GE, Miller AJ. Grapevine bacterial communities display compartment-specific dynamics over space and time within the Central Valley of California. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOME 2023; 18:84. [PMID: 37996903 PMCID: PMC10668525 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-023-00539-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant organs (compartments) host distinct microbiota which shift in response to variation in both development and climate. Grapevines are woody perennial crops that are clonally propagated and cultivated across vast geographic areas, and as such, their microbial communities may also reflect site-specific influences. These site-specific influences along with microbial differences across sites compose 'terroir', the environmental influence on wine produced in a given region. Commercial grapevines are typically composed of a genetically distinct root (rootstock) grafted to a shoot system (scion) which adds an additional layer of complexity via genome-to-genome interactions. RESULTS To understand spatial and temporal patterns of bacterial diversity in grafted grapevines, we used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to quantify soil and compartment microbiota (berries, leaves, and roots) for grafted grapevines in commercial vineyards across three counties in the Central Valley of California over two successive growing seasons. Community composition revealed compartment-specific dynamics. Roots assembled site-specific bacterial communities that reflected rootstock genotype and environment influences, whereas bacterial communities of leaves and berries displayed associations with time. CONCLUSIONS These results provide further evidence of a microbial terroir within the grapevine root systems but also reveal that the microbiota of above-ground compartments are only weakly associated with the local soil microbiome in the Central Valley of California.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel F Swift
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA.
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA.
- Kansas Biological Survey and Center for Ecological Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA.
| | - Zoë Migicovsky
- Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Grace E Trello
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | - Allison J Miller
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA.
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA.
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2
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Sportes A, Hériché M, Mounier A, Durney C, van Tuinen D, Trouvelot S, Wipf D, Courty PE. Comparative RNA sequencing-based transcriptome profiling of ten grapevine rootstocks: shared and specific sets of genes respond to mycorrhizal symbiosis. MYCORRHIZA 2023; 33:369-385. [PMID: 37561219 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-023-01119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis improves water and nutrient uptake by plants and provides them other ecosystem services. Grapevine is one of the major crops in the world. Vitis vinifera scions generally are grafted onto a variety of rootstocks that confer different levels of resistance against different pests, tolerance to environmental stress, and influence the physiology of the scions. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are involved in the root architecture and in the immune response to soil-borne pathogens. However, the fine-tuned regulation and the transcriptomic plasticity of rootstocks in response to mycorrhization are still unknown. We compared the responses of 10 different grapevine rootstocks to arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis (AMS) formed with Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM197198 using RNA sequencing-based transcriptome profiling. We have highlighted a few shared regulation mechanisms, but also specific rootstock responses to R. irregularis colonization. A set of 353 genes was regulated by AMS in all ten rootstocks. We also compared the expression level of this set of genes to more than 2000 transcriptome profiles from various grapevine varieties and tissues to identify a class of transcripts related to mycorrhizal associations in these 10 rootstocks. Then, we compared the response of the 351 genes upregulated by mycorrhiza in grapevine to their Medicago truncatula homologs in response to mycorrhizal colonization based on available transcriptomic studies. More than 97% of the 351 M. truncatula-homologous grapevine genes were expressed in at least one mycorrhizal transcriptomic study, and 64% in every single RNAseq dataset. At the intra-specific level, we described, for the first time, shared and specific grapevine rootstock genes in response to R. irregularis symbiosis. At the inter-specific level, we defined a shared subset of mycorrhiza-responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Sportes
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Mathilde Hériché
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Arnaud Mounier
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Célien Durney
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Diederik van Tuinen
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Sophie Trouvelot
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Daniel Wipf
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre Emmanuel Courty
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
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Harris ZN, Pratt JE, Kovacs LG, Klein LL, Kwasniewski MT, Londo JP, Wu AS, Miller AJ. Grapevine scion gene expression is driven by rootstock and environment interaction. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:211. [PMID: 37085756 PMCID: PMC10122299 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04223-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grafting is a horticultural practice used widely across woody perennial crop species to fuse together the root and shoot system of two distinct genotypes, the rootstock and the scion, combining beneficial traits from both. In grapevine, grafting is used in nearly 80% of all commercial vines to optimize fruit quality, regulate vine vigor, and enhance biotic and abiotic stress-tolerance. Rootstocks have been shown to modulate elemental composition, metabolomic profiles, and the shape of leaves in the scion, among other traits. However, it is currently unclear how rootstock genotypes influence shoot system gene expression as previous work has reported complex and often contradictory findings. RESULTS In the present study, we examine the influence of grafting on scion gene expression in leaves and reproductive tissues of grapevines growing under field conditions for three years. We show that the influence from the rootstock genotype is highly tissue and time dependent, manifesting only in leaves, primarily during a single year of our three-year study. Further, the degree of rootstock influence on scion gene expression is driven by interactions with the local environment. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the role of rootstock genotype in modulating scion gene expression is not a consistent, unchanging effect, but rather an effect that varies over time in relation to local environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary N Harris
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63103-2010, USA.
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N. Warson Road, St. Louis, MO, 63132-2918, USA.
| | - Julia E Pratt
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63103-2010, USA
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N. Warson Road, St. Louis, MO, 63132-2918, USA
| | - Laszlo G Kovacs
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901 S. National Avenue, Springfield, MO, 65897, USA
| | - Laura L Klein
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63103-2010, USA
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N. Warson Road, St. Louis, MO, 63132-2918, USA
| | - Misha T Kwasniewski
- Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, 326 Rodney A. Erickson Food Science Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Jason P Londo
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Horticulture Section, Cornell AgriTech, 635 W. North Street, Geneva, NY, 14456, USA
| | - Angela S Wu
- Department of Computer Science, Saint Louis University, 220 N. Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63103-2010, USA
| | - Allison J Miller
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63103-2010, USA.
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N. Warson Road, St. Louis, MO, 63132-2918, USA.
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4
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Fichtl L, Hofmann M, Kahlen K, Voss-Fels KP, Cast CS, Ollat N, Vivin P, Loose S, Nsibi M, Schmid J, Strack T, Schultz HR, Smith J, Friedel M. Towards grapevine root architectural models to adapt viticulture to drought. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1162506. [PMID: 36998680 PMCID: PMC10043487 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1162506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
To sustainably adapt viticultural production to drought, the planting of rootstock genotypes adapted to a changing climate is a promising means. Rootstocks contribute to the regulation of scion vigor and water consumption, modulate scion phenological development and determine resource availability by root system architecture development. There is, however, a lack of knowledge on spatio-temporal root system development of rootstock genotypes and its interactions with environment and management that prevents efficient knowledge transfer into practice. Hence, winegrowers take only limited advantage of the large variability of existing rootstock genotypes. Models of vineyard water balance combined with root architectural models, using both static and dynamic representations of the root system, seem promising tools to match rootstock genotypes to frequently occurring future drought stress scenarios and address scientific knowledge gaps. In this perspective, we discuss how current developments in vineyard water balance modeling may provide the background for a better understanding of the interplay of rootstock genotypes, environment and management. We argue that root architecture traits are key drivers of this interplay, but our knowledge on rootstock architectures in the field remains limited both qualitatively and quantitatively. We propose phenotyping methods to help close current knowledge gaps and discuss approaches to integrate phenotyping data into different models to advance our understanding of rootstock x environment x management interactions and predict rootstock genotype performance in a changing climate. This could also provide a valuable basis for optimizing breeding efforts to develop new grapevine rootstock cultivars with optimal trait configurations for future growing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Fichtl
- Department of General and Organic Viticulture, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Marco Hofmann
- Department of General and Organic Viticulture, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Katrin Kahlen
- Department of Modeling and Systems Analysis, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Kai P. Voss-Fels
- Department of Grapevine Breeding, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Clément Saint Cast
- EGFV, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Nathalie Ollat
- EGFV, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Philippe Vivin
- EGFV, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Simone Loose
- Department of Wine and Beverage Business, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Mariem Nsibi
- Department of Grapevine Breeding, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Joachim Schmid
- Department of Grapevine Breeding, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Timo Strack
- Department of Grapevine Breeding, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Hans Reiner Schultz
- Department of General and Organic Viticulture, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Jason Smith
- Gulbali Institute for Agriculture, Water and Environment, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthias Friedel
- Department of General and Organic Viticulture, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
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Faralli M, Bianchedi PL, Moser C, Bontempo L, Bertamini M. Nitrogen control of transpiration in grapevine. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13906. [PMID: 37006174 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Transpiration per unit of leaf area is the end-product of the root-to-leaf water transport within the plant, and it is regulated by a series of morpho-physiological resistances and hierarchical signals. The rate of water transpired sustains a series of processes such as nutrient absorption and leaf evaporative cooling, with stomata being the end-valves that maintain the optimal water loss under specific degrees of evaporative demand and soil moisture conditions. Previous work provided evidence of a partial modulation of water flux following nitrogen availability linking high nitrate availability with tight stomatal control of transpiration in several species. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that stomatal control of transpiration, among others signals, is partially modulated by soil nitrate ( NO 3 - ) availability in grapevine, with reduced NO 3 - availability (alkaline soil pH, reduced fertilization, and distancing NO 3 - source) associated with decreased water-use efficiency and higher transpiration. We observed a general trend when NO 3 - was limiting with plants increasing either stomatal conductance or root-shoot ratio in four independent experiments with strong associations between leaf water status, stomatal behavior, root aquaporins expression, and xylem sap pH. Carbon and oxygen isotopic signatures confirm the proximal measurements, suggesting the robustness of the signal that persists over weeks and under different gradients of NO 3 - availability and leaf nitrogen content. Nighttime stomatal conductance was unaffected by NO 3 - manipulation treatments, while application of high vapor pressure deficit conditions nullifies the differences between treatments. Genotypic variation for transpiration increase under limited NO 3 - availability was observed between rootstocks indicating that breeding (e.g., for high soil pH tolerance) unintentionally selected for enhanced mass flow nutrient acquisition under restrictive or nutrient-buffered conditions. We provide evidence of a series of specific traits modulated by NO 3 - availability and suggest that NO 3 - fertilization is a potential candidate for optimizing grapevine water-use efficiency and root exploration under the climate-change scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Faralli
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, via Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, TN, 38098, Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, TN, 38098, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Bianchedi
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, TN, 38098, Italy
| | - Claudio Moser
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, TN, 38098, Italy
| | - Luana Bontempo
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, TN, 38098, Italy
| | - Massimo Bertamini
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, via Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, TN, 38098, Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, TN, 38098, Italy
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6
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Alahakoon D, Fennell A. Genetic analysis of grapevine root system architecture and loci associated gene networks. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1083374. [PMID: 36816477 PMCID: PMC9932984 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1083374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Own-rooted grapevines and grapevine rootstocks are vegetatively propagated from cuttings and have an adventitious root system. Unraveling the genetic underpinnings of the adventitious root system architecture (RSA) is important for improving own-rooted and grafted grapevine sustainability for a changing climate. Grapevine RSA genetic analysis was conducted in an Vitis sp. 'VRS-F2' population. Nine root morphology, three total root system morphology, and two biomass traits that contribute to root anchorage and water and nutrient uptake were phenotyped. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was performed using a high density integrated GBS and rhAmpSeq genetic map. Thirty-one QTL were detected for eleven of the RSA traits (surface area, root volume, total root length, fresh weight, number of tips, forks or links, longest root and average root diameter, link length, and link surface area) revealing many small effects. Several QTL were colocated on chromosomes 1, 9, 13, 18, and 19. QTL with identical peak positions on chromosomes 1 or 13 were enriched for AP2-EREBP, AS2, C2C2-CO, HMG, and MYB transcription factors, and QTL on chromosomes 9 or 13 were enriched for the ALFIN-LIKE transcription factor and regulation of autophagy pathways. QTL modeling for individual root traits identified eight models explaining 13.2 to 31.8% of the phenotypic variation. 'Seyval blanc' was the grandparent contributing to the allele models that included a greater surface area, total root length, and branching (number of forks and links) traits promoting a greater root density. In contrast, V. riparia 'Manitoba 37' contributed the allele for greater average branch length (link length) and diameter, promoting a less dense elongated root system with thicker roots. LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARY DOMAIN (LBD or AS2/LOB) and the PROTODERMAL FACTOR (PFD2 and ANL2) were identified as important candidate genes in the enriched pathways underlying the hotspots for grapevine adventitious RSA. The combined QTL hotspot and trait modeling identified transcription factors, cell cycle and circadian rhythm genes with a known role in root cell and epidermal layer differentiation, lateral root development and cortex thickness. These genes are candidates for tailoring grapevine root system texture, density and length in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Fennell
- Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
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7
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Omics Profiles of Non-GM Tubers from Transgrafted Potato with a GM Scion. Food Saf (Tokyo) 2023; 11:1-20. [PMID: 36970308 PMCID: PMC10034357 DOI: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.d-22-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
"Transgrafting" is a grafting procedure whereby a transgenic plant body is grafted to a non-transgenic plant body. It is a novel plant breeding technology that allows non-transgenic plants to obtain benefits usually conferred to transgenic plants. Many plants regulate flowering by perceiving the day-length cycle via expression of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) in the leaves. The resulting FT protein is translocated to the shoot apical meristem via the phloem. In potato plants, FT is involved in the promotion of tuber formation. Here we investigated the effects of a genetically modified (GM) scion on the edible parts of the non-GM rootstock by using potato plants transformed with StSP6A, a novel potato homolog of the FT gene. Scions prepared from GM or control (wild-type) potato plants were grafted to non-GM potato rootstocks; these were designated as TN and NN plants, respectively. After tuber harvest, we observed no significant differences in potato yield between TN and NN plants. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that only one gene-with unknown function-was differentially expressed between TN and NN plants. Subsequent proteomic analysis indicated that several members of protease inhibitor families, known as anti-nutritional factors in potato, were slightly more abundant in TN plants. Metabolomic analysis revealed a slight increase in metabolite abundance in NN plants, but we observed no difference in the accumulation of steroid glycoalkaloids, toxic metabolites found in potato. Finally, we found that TN and NN plants did not differ in nutrient composition. Taken together, these results indicate that FT expression in scions had a limited effect on the metabolism of non-transgenic potato tubers.
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Darriaut R, Antonielli L, Martins G, Ballestra P, Vivin P, Marguerit E, Mitter B, Masneuf-Pomarède I, Compant S, Ollat N, Lauvergeat V. Soil composition and rootstock genotype drive the root associated microbial communities in young grapevines. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1031064. [PMID: 36439844 PMCID: PMC9685171 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1031064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil microbiota plays a significant role in plant development and health and appears to be a major component of certain forms of grapevine decline. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the impact of the microbiological quality of the soil and grapevine rootstock genotype on the root microbial community and development of young plants. Two rootstocks heterografted with the same scion were grown in two vineyard soils differing in microbial composition and activities. After 4 months, culture-dependent approaches and amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal ITS were performed on roots, rhizosphere and bulk soil samples. The root mycorrhizal colonization and number of cultivable microorganisms in the rhizosphere compartment of both genotypes were clearly influenced by the soil status. The fungal diversity and richness were dependent on the soil status and the rootstock, whereas bacterial richness was affected by the genotype only. Fungal genera associated with grapevine diseases were more abundant in declining soil and related root samples. The rootstock affected the compartmentalization of microbial communities, underscoring its influence on microorganism selection. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) confirmed the presence of predominant root-associated bacteria. These results emphasized the importance of rootstock genotype and soil composition in shaping the microbiome of young vines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Darriaut
- EGFV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Livio Antonielli
- Bioresources Unit, Center for Health and Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Tulln, Austria
| | - Guilherme Martins
- Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Gradignan, France
| | - Patricia Ballestra
- Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Gradignan, France
| | - Philippe Vivin
- EGFV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Elisa Marguerit
- EGFV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Birgit Mitter
- Bioresources Unit, Center for Health and Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Tulln, Austria
| | - Isabelle Masneuf-Pomarède
- Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Gradignan, France
| | - Stéphane Compant
- Bioresources Unit, Center for Health and Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Tulln, Austria
| | - Nathalie Ollat
- EGFV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Virginie Lauvergeat
- EGFV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Villenave d'Ornon, France
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9
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Trentin E, Ferreira PAA, Ricachenevsky FK, Morsch L, Hindersmann J, Tarouco CP, Nicoloso FT, da Silva LOS, De Conti L, da Silva ICB, Marchezan C, Ceretta CA, Brunetto G. The tolerance of grapevine rootstocks to copper excess and to the use of calcium and phosphorus to mitigate its phytotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:82844-82854. [PMID: 35759094 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21515-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High soil copper (Cu) concentrations in vineyards can cause phytotoxicity to grapevine rootstocks. In order to mitigate toxicity, the use of grapevine rootstock genetic variation and the application of amendments are possible strategies. The aim of this study is to assess the tolerance of grapevine rootstocks to Cu excess and whether phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) can reduce phytotoxicity caused by Cu. Grapevine rootstock seedlings were produced from selected stakes: Paulsen 1103 (Vitis berlandieri × Vitis rupestris); SO4 (Vitis berlandieri × Vitis riparia); IAC 572 ((Vitis Riparia × Vitis rupestris) × Vitis caribaea); and Isabel (Vitis labrusca). Seedlings were grown in nutrition solution added with the following treatments: 0.3 µM Cu (control); 60 µM Cu; 60 µM Cu and 62 mg L-1 P; 60 µM Cu and 400 mg L-1 Ca. High Cu concentration caused phytotoxicity in all rootstocks, impairing their growth and decreasing nutrient concentration and photosynthetic activity. P and Ca addition had positive effect on the photosynthetic activity of all rootstocks, although it was not enough to revert growth to levels comparable with controls. Overall, based on the results, the application of P and Ca was not efficient in mitigating Cu phytotoxicity in grapevine plants grown in solution. Isabel was the most sensitive rootstock to Cu phytotoxicity, whereas Paulsen 1103 and SO4 presented more tolerance and can be used, together with other management strategies, in contaminated vineyard areas. Therefore, careful genotype rootstock selection for use in high Cu soils is important, while Ca and P are not efficient mitigators of Cu toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edicarla Trentin
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Letícia Morsch
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Jacson Hindersmann
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lessandro De Conti
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology Farroupilha, Santo Augusto, RS, 98590-000, Brazil
| | | | - Carina Marchezan
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Ceretta
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Brunetto
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
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10
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Migicovsky Z, Quigley MY, Mullins J, Ali T, Swift JF, Agasaveeran AR, Dougherty JD, Grant BM, Korkmaz I, Malpeddi MR, McNichol EL, Sharp AW, Harris JL, Hopkins DR, Jordan LM, Kwasniewski MT, Striegler RK, Dowtin AL, Stotts S, Cousins P, Chitwood DH. X-ray imaging of 30 year old wine grape wood reveals cumulative impacts of rootstocks on scion secondary growth and Ravaz index. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 10:uhac226. [PMID: 36643757 PMCID: PMC9832875 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Annual rings from 30 year old vines in a California rootstock trial were measured to determine the effects of 15 different rootstocks on Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon scions. Viticultural traits measuring vegetative growth, yield, berry quality, and nutrient uptake were collected at the beginning (1995 to 1999) and end (2017 to 2020) of the lifetime of a vineyard initially planted in 1991 and removed in 2021. X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) was used to measure ring widths in 103 vines. Ring width was modeled as a function of ring number using a negative exponential model. Early and late wood ring widths, cambium width, and scion trunk radius were correlated with 27 traits. Modeling of annual ring width shows that scions alter the width of the first rings but that rootstocks alter the decay of later rings, consistently shortening ring width throughout the lifetime of the vine. Ravaz index, juice pH, photosynthetic assimilation and transpiration rates, and instantaneous water use efficiency are correlated with scion trunk radius. Ultimately, our research indicates that rootstocks modulate secondary growth over years, altering physiology and agronomic traits. Rootstocks act in similar but distinct ways from climate to modulate ring width, which borrowing techniques from dendrochronology, can be used to monitor both genetic and environmental effects in woody perennial crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle Y Quigley
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Joey Mullins
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Tahira Ali
- College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Joel F Swift
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | - Anita Rose Agasaveeran
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Joseph D Dougherty
- Department of Computational Mathematics, Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
- College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Brendan Michael Grant
- College of Social Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
- Department of Economics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Ilayda Korkmaz
- College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Maneesh Reddy Malpeddi
- College of Social Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
- Department of Economics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Emily L McNichol
- College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
- Department of Computational Mathematics, Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Andrew W Sharp
- College of Arts and Letters, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
- Department of Computational Mathematics, Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | | | | | - Lindsay M Jordan
- E. & J. Gallo Winery, Acampo, CA, 95220, USA
- Current affiliation: Constellation Brands, Soledad, CA, 93960, USA
| | - Misha T Kwasniewski
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16803, USA
| | | | - Asia L Dowtin
- Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Stephanie Stotts
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD, 21853, USA
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD, 21853, USA
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11
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Marasco R, Alturkey H, Fusi M, Brandi M, Ghiglieno I, Valenti L, Daffonchio D. Rootstock-scion combination contributes to shape diversity and composition of microbial communities associated with grapevine root system. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:3791-3808. [PMID: 35581159 PMCID: PMC9544687 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
To alleviate biotic and abiotic stresses and enhance fruit yield, many crops are cultivated in the form of grafted plants, in which the shoot (scion) and root (rootstock) systems of different species are joined together. Because (i) the plant species determines the microbial recruitment from the soil to the root and (ii) both scion and rootstock impact the physiology, morphology and biochemistry of the grafted plant, it can be expected that their different combinations should affect the recruitment and assembly of plant microbiome. To test our hypothesis, we investigated at a field scale the bacterial and fungal communities associated with the root system of seven grapevine rootstock–scion combinations cultivated across 10 different vineyards. Following the soil type, which resulted in the main determinant of the grapevine root microbial community diversity, the rootstock–scion combination resulted more important than the two components taken alone. Notably, the microbiome differences among the rootstock–scion combinations were mainly dictated by the changes in the relative abundance of microbiome members rather than by their presence/absence. These results reveal that the microbiome of grafted grapevine root systems is largely influenced by the combination of rootstock and scion, which affects the microbial diversity uptaken from soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Marasco
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hend Alturkey
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Marco Fusi
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Michele Brandi
- Marchesi Frescobaldi Società Agricola s.p.a. Fattoria Poggio a Remole, Sieci, Italy
| | - Isabella Ghiglieno
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics (DICATAM), University of Brescia, Agrofood Research Hub, Brescia, Italy
| | - Leonardo Valenti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Daffonchio
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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12
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Darriaut R, Lailheugue V, Masneuf-Pomarède I, Marguerit E, Martins G, Compant S, Ballestra P, Upton S, Ollat N, Lauvergeat V. Grapevine rootstock and soil microbiome interactions: Keys for a resilient viticulture. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac019. [PMID: 35184168 PMCID: PMC8985100 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Soil microbiota has increasingly been shown to play an integral role in viticulture resilience. The emergence of new metagenomic and culturomic technologies has led to significant advances in the study of microbial biodiversity. In the agricultural sector, soil and plant microbiomes have been found to significantly improve resistance to environmental stressors and diseases, as well as influencing crop yields and fruit quality thus improving sustainability under shifting environments. Grapevines are usually cultivated as a scion grafted on rootstocks, which are selected according to pedoclimatic conditions and cultural practices, known as terroir. The rootstock connects the surrounding soil to the vine's aerial part and impacts scion growth and berry quality. Understanding rootstock and soil microbiome dynamics is a relevant and important field of study, which may be critical to improve viticulture sustainability and resilience. This review aims to highlight the relationship between grapevine roots and telluric microbiota diversity and activity. In addition, this review explores the concept of core microbiome regarding potential applications of soil microbiome engineering with the goal of enhancing grapevine adaptation to biotic and abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Darriaut
- EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Vincent Lailheugue
- EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Isabelle Masneuf-Pomarède
- Université de Bordeaux,
UMR Oenologie 1366, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Sciences Agro, 33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Elisa Marguerit
- EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Guilherme Martins
- Université de Bordeaux,
UMR Oenologie 1366, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Sciences Agro, 33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Stéphane Compant
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Center for Health and Bioresources, Bioresources Unit, Konrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, A-3430, Austria
| | - Patricia Ballestra
- Université de Bordeaux,
UMR Oenologie 1366, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | | | - Nathalie Ollat
- EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Virginie Lauvergeat
- EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
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13
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Differential Protein Expression in Berry Skin from Red Grapes with Varying Hybrid Character. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031051. [PMID: 35162980 PMCID: PMC8835309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein expression from the berry skin of four red grape biotypes with varying hybrid character was compared at a proteome-wide level to identify the metabolic pathways underlying divergent patterns of secondary metabolites. A bottom-up shotgun proteomics approach with label-free quantification and MaxQuant-assisted computational analysis was applied. Red grapes were from (i) purebred Vitis vinifera (Aglianico cv.); (ii) V. vinifera (local Sciascinoso cv.) grafted onto an American rootstock; (iii) interspecific hybrid (V. vinifera × V. labrusca, Isabel), and (iv) uncharacterized grape genotype with hybrid lineage, producing relatively abundant anthocyanidin 3,5-O-diglucosides. Proteomics supported the differences between hybrids and purebred V. vinifera grapes, consistently with distinct phenotypic metabolite assets. Methanol O-anthraniloyltransferase, which catalyses the synthesis of methyl anthranilate, primarily responsible for the “foxy” odour, was exclusive of the Isabel hybrid grape. Most of the proteins with different expression profiles converged into coordinated biosynthetic networks of primary metabolism, while many possible enzymes of secondary metabolism pathways, including 5-glucosyltransferases expected for hybrid grapes, remained unassigned due to incomplete protein annotation for the Vitis genus. Minor differences of protein expression distinguished V. vinifera scion grafted onto American rootstocks from purebred V. vinifera skin grapes, supporting a slight influence of the rootstock on the grape metabolism.
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14
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Schurig J, Ipach U, Helmstätter B, Kling L, Hahn M, Trapp O, Winterhagen P. Selected Genotypes with the Genetic Background of Vitis aestivalis and Vitis labrusca Are Resistant to Xiphinema index. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:4132-4137. [PMID: 34110229 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-20-2716-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The ectoparasitic nematode Xiphinema index transmits grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) during feeding on grapevine roots, causing fanleaf degeneration in the plant. Hence, resistance breeding is a key to develop novel rootstocks to overcome such threats. In past years, various grapevine species were screened, and a few candidates with partial resistance were identified. However, they were hardly sufficient for viticulture because of their many agronomical defects. To develop reliably resistant rootstocks applicable in viticulture, multiple Vitis spp. genotypes were analyzed using root inoculation with nematodes in glass vials as an early and easy evaluation test. Resistance levels were evaluated 35 days after inoculation based on nematode reproduction factors, focusing on juveniles and eggs. Infection of grapevines with GFLV was analyzed after inoculation with viruliferous X. index. With this fast screening system, putative candidates with resistances against X. index have been identified for future breeding programs. Particularly, genotypes with the genetic background of Vitis aestivalis and Vitis labrusca were found to be nematode-resistant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Schurig
- Institute for Plant Protection, Dienstleistungszentrum Ländlicher Raum Rheinpfalz, Neustadt an der Weinstrasse 67435, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ipach
- Institute for Plant Protection, Dienstleistungszentrum Ländlicher Raum Rheinpfalz, Neustadt an der Weinstrasse 67435, Germany
| | - Brigitte Helmstätter
- Institute for Plant Protection, Dienstleistungszentrum Ländlicher Raum Rheinpfalz, Neustadt an der Weinstrasse 67435, Germany
| | - Lilo Kling
- Institute for Plant Protection, Dienstleistungszentrum Ländlicher Raum Rheinpfalz, Neustadt an der Weinstrasse 67435, Germany
| | - Matthias Hahn
- Faculty of Biology, Division of Phytopathology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern 67653, Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Julius Kühn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Siebeldingen 76833, Germany
| | - Patrick Winterhagen
- Institute for Plant Protection, Dienstleistungszentrum Ländlicher Raum Rheinpfalz, Neustadt an der Weinstrasse 67435, Germany
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15
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Migicovsky Z, Cousins P, Jordan LM, Myles S, Striegler RK, Verdegaal P, Chitwood DH. Grapevine rootstocks affect growth-related scion phenotypes. PLANT DIRECT 2021; 5:e00324. [PMID: 34095741 PMCID: PMC8156960 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Grape growers use rootstocks to provide protection against pests and pathogens and to modulate viticulture performance such as shoot growth. Our study examined two grapevine scion varieties ('Chardonnay' and 'Cabernet Sauvignon') grafted to 15 different rootstocks and determined the effect of rootstocks on eight traits important to viticulture. We assessed the vines across five years and identified both year and variety as contributing strongly to trait variation. The effect of rootstock was relatively consistent across years and varieties, explaining between 8.99% and 9.78% of the variation in growth-related traits including yield, pruning weight, berry weight and Ravaz index (yield to pruning weight ratio). Increases in yield due to rootstock were generally the result of increases in berry weight, likely due to increased water uptake by vines grafted to a particular rootstock. We demonstrated a greater than 50% increase in yield, pruning weight, or Ravaz index by choosing the optimal rootstock, indicating that rootstock choice is crucial for grape growers looking to improve vine performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë Migicovsky
- Department of Plant, Food and Environmental SciencesFaculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroNSCanada
| | | | | | - Sean Myles
- Department of Plant, Food and Environmental SciencesFaculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroNSCanada
| | | | - Paul Verdegaal
- University of California Cooperative ExtensionSan Joaquin ValleyStocktonCAUSA
| | - Daniel H. Chitwood
- Department of HorticultureMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA
- Department of Computational Mathematics, Science and EngineeringMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA
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16
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De Rosa V, Vizzotto G, Falchi R. Cold Hardiness Dynamics and Spring Phenology: Climate-Driven Changes and New Molecular Insights Into Grapevine Adaptive Potential. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:644528. [PMID: 33995442 PMCID: PMC8116538 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.644528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has become a topic of increasing significance in viticulture, severely challenged by this issue. Average global temperatures are increasing, but frost events, with a large variability depending on geographical locations, have been predicted to be a potential risk for grapevine cultivation. Grape cold hardiness encompasses both midwinter and spring frost hardiness, whereas the avoidance of spring frost damage due to late budbreak is crucial in cold resilience. Cold hardiness kinetics and budbreak phenology are closely related and affected by bud's dormancy state. On the other hand, budbreak progress is also affected by temperatures during both winter and spring. Genetic control of bud phenology in grapevine is still largely undiscovered, but several studies have recently aimed at identifying the molecular drivers of cold hardiness loss and the mechanisms that control deacclimation and budbreak. A review of these related traits and their variability in different genotypes is proposed, possibly contributing to develop the sustainability of grapevine production as climate-related challenges rise.
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17
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Grapevine Microbiota Reflect Diversity among Compartments and Complex Interactions within and among Root and Shoot Systems. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9010092. [PMID: 33401756 PMCID: PMC7823683 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Grafting connects root and shoot systems of distinct individuals, bringing microbial communities of different genotypes together in a single plant. How do root system and shoot system genotypes influence plant microbiota in grafted grapevines? To address this, we utilized clonal replicates of the grapevine ‘Chambourcin’, growing ungrafted and grafted to three different rootstocks in three irrigation treatments. Our objectives were to (1) characterize the microbiota (bacteria and fungi) of below-ground compartments (roots, adjacent soil) and above-ground compartments (leaves, berries), (2) determine how rootstock genotype, irrigation, and their interaction influences grapevine microbiota in different compartments, and (3) investigate abundance of microorganisms implicated in the late-season grapevine disease sour rot (Acetobacterales and Saccharomycetes). We found that plant compartment had the largest influence on microbial diversity. Neither rootstock genotype nor irrigation significantly influenced microbial diversity or composition. However, differential abundance of bacterial and fungal taxa varied as a function of rootstock and irrigation treatment; in particular, Acetobacterales and Saccharomycetes displayed higher relative abundance in berries of grapevines grafted to ‘1103P’ and ‘SO4’ rootstocks and varied across irrigation treatments. This study demonstrates that grapevine compartments retain distinct microbiota and identifies associations between rootstock genotypes, irrigation treatment, and the relative abundance of agriculturally relevant microorganisms in the berries.
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18
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Loupit G, Prigent S, Franc C, De Revel G, Richard T, Cookson SJ, Fonayet JV. Polyphenol Profiles of Just Pruned Grapevine Canes from Wild Vitis Accessions and Vitis vinifera Cultivars. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:13397-13407. [PMID: 32227944 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b08099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine canes are an abundant byproduct of the wine industry. The stilbene contents of Vitis vinifera cultivars have been largely studied, but little is known about the stilbene contents of wild Vitis accessions. Moreover, there have only been few studies on the quantification of other phenolic compounds in just pruned grapevine canes. In our study, we investigated the polyphenol profile of 51 genotypes belonging to 15 Vitis spp. A total of 36 polyphenols (20 stilbenes, 6 flavanols, 7 flavonols, and 3 phenolic acids) were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Our results suggest that some wild Vitis accessions could be of interest in terms of the concentration of bioactive polyphenols and that flavanols contribute significantly to the antioxidant activity of grapevine cane extracts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the most exhaustive study of the polyphenolic composition of grapevine canes of wild Vitis spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Loupit
- Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (EGFV), Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), Université de Bordeaux, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine-Bordeaux, Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Plateforme Bordeaux Metabolome, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Céline Franc
- Université de Bordeaux, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), 33882 Villenave d'Ornon France
| | - Gilles De Revel
- Université de Bordeaux, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), 33882 Villenave d'Ornon France
| | - Tristan Richard
- Université de Bordeaux, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), 33882 Villenave d'Ornon France
- Plateforme Bordeaux Metabolome, Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, CNRS, MetaboHUB, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sarah Jane Cookson
- Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (EGFV), Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), Université de Bordeaux, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Josep Valls Fonayet
- Université de Bordeaux, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), 33882 Villenave d'Ornon France
- Plateforme Bordeaux Metabolome, Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, CNRS, MetaboHUB, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
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19
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A Review of the Potential Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Options for European Viticulture. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10093092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Viticulture and winemaking are important socioeconomic sectors in many European regions. Climate plays a vital role in the terroir of a given wine region, as it strongly controls canopy microclimate, vine growth, vine physiology, yield, and berry composition, which together determine wine attributes and typicity. New challenges are, however, predicted to arise from climate change, as grapevine cultivation is deeply dependent on weather and climate conditions. Changes in viticultural suitability over the last decades, for viticulture in general or the use of specific varieties, have already been reported for many wine regions. Despite spatially heterogeneous impacts, climate change is anticipated to exacerbate these recent trends on suitability for wine production. These shifts may reshape the geographical distribution of wine regions, while wine typicity may also be threatened in most cases. Changing climates will thereby urge for the implementation of timely, suitable, and cost-effective adaptation strategies, which should also be thoroughly planned and tuned to local conditions for an effective risk reduction. Although the potential of the different adaptation options is not yet fully investigated, deserving further research activities, their adoption will be of utmost relevance to maintain the socioeconomic and environmental sustainability of the highly valued viticulture and winemaking sector in Europe.
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20
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Cao Y, Trivellone V, Dietrich CH. A timetree for phytoplasmas (Mollicutes) with new insights on patterns of evolution and diversification. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 149:106826. [PMID: 32283136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The first comprehensive timetree is presented for phytoplasmas, a diverse group of obligate intracellular bacteria restricted to phloem sieve elements of vascular plants and tissues of their hemipteran insect vectors. Maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data from the 16S rRNA and methionine aminopeptidase (map) genes yielded well resolved estimates of phylogenetic relationships among major phytoplasma lineages, 16Sr groups and known strains of phytoplasmas. Age estimates for divergences among two major lineages of Mollicutes based on a previous comprehensive bacterial timetree were used to calibrate an initial 16S timetree. A separate timetree was estimated based on the more rapidly-evolving map gene, with an internal calibration based on a recent divergence within two related 16Sr phytoplasma subgroups in group 16SrV thought to have been driven by the introduction of the North American leafhopper vector Scaphoideus titanus Ball into Europe during the early part of the 20th century. Combining the resulting divergence time estimates into a final 16S timetree suggests that evolutionary rates have remained relatively constant overall through the evolution of phytoplasmas and that the origin of this lineage, at ~641 million years ago (Ma), preceded the origin of land plants and hemipteran insects. Nevertheless, the crown group of phytoplasmas is estimated to have begun diversifying ~316 Ma, roughly coinciding with the origin of seed plants and Hemiptera. Some phytoplasma groups apparently associated with particular plant families or insect vector lineages generally arose more recently than their respective hosts and vectors, suggesting that vector-mediated host shifts have been an important mechanism in the evolutionary diversification of phytoplasmas. Further progress in understanding macroevolutionary patterns in phytoplasmas is hindered by large gaps in knowledge of the identity of competent vectors and lack of data on phytoplasma associations with non-economically important plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghui Cao
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Valeria Trivellone
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
| | - Christopher H Dietrich
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
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Migicovsky Z, Harris ZN, Klein LL, Li M, McDermaid A, Chitwood DH, Fennell A, Kovacs LG, Kwasniewski M, Londo JP, Ma Q, Miller AJ. Rootstock effects on scion phenotypes in a 'Chambourcin' experimental vineyard. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2019; 6:64. [PMID: 31069086 PMCID: PMC6491602 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-019-0146-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how root systems modulate shoot system phenotypes is a fundamental question in plant biology and will be useful in developing resilient agricultural crops. Grafting is a common horticultural practice that joins the roots (rootstock) of one plant to the shoot (scion) of another, providing an excellent method for investigating how these two organ systems affect each other. In this study, we used the French-American hybrid grapevine 'Chambourcin' (Vitis L.) as a model to explore the rootstock-scion relationship. We examined leaf shape, ion concentrations, and gene expression in 'Chambourcin' grown ungrafted as well as grafted to three different rootstocks ('SO4', '1103P' and '3309C') across 2 years and three different irrigation treatments. We found that a significant amount of the variation in leaf shape could be explained by the interaction between rootstock and irrigation. For ion concentrations, the primary source of variation identified was the position of a leaf in a shoot, although rootstock and rootstock by irrigation interaction also explained a significant amount of variation for most ions. Lastly, we found rootstock-specific patterns of gene expression in grafted plants when compared to ungrafted vines. Thus, our work reveals the subtle and complex effect of grafting on 'Chambourcin' leaf morphology, ionomics, and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë Migicovsky
- Department of Plant and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3 Canada
| | - Zachary N. Harris
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63103-2010 USA
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St. Louis, MO 63132-2918 USA
| | - Laura L. Klein
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63103-2010 USA
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St. Louis, MO 63132-2918 USA
| | - Mao Li
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St. Louis, MO 63132-2918 USA
| | - Adam McDermaid
- Department of Math & Statistics, BioSNTR, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006 USA
| | - Daniel H. Chitwood
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
- Department of Computational Mathematics, Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Anne Fennell
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture & Plant Science, BioSNTR, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006 USA
| | - Laszlo G. Kovacs
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901S. National Avenue, Springfield, MO 65897 USA
| | - Misha Kwasniewski
- Department of Food Science, University of Missouri, 221 Eckles Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Jason P. Londo
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service: Grape Genetics Research Unit, 630 West North Street, Geneva, NY 14456-1371 USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Math & Statistics, BioSNTR, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006 USA
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture & Plant Science, BioSNTR, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006 USA
| | - Allison J. Miller
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63103-2010 USA
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St. Louis, MO 63132-2918 USA
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22
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Gabaston J, Leborgne C, Waffo-Teguo P, Valls J, Palos Pinto A, Richard T, Cluzet S, Mérillon JM. Wood and roots of major grapevine cultivars and rootstocks: A comparative analysis of stilbenes by UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS and NMR. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2019; 30:320-331. [PMID: 30644147 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Grapevine wood and roots are by-products obtained during vineyard management. This plentiful biomass is known to be rich in stilbenes and can be used as a source of high-value compounds as well as active natural extracts. However, the stilbenes in grapevine wood and roots from different cultivars and rootstocks remain to be characterized. OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the stilbene content of eight major Vitis vinifera cultivars and six different rootstocks. In addition, the distribution of stilbenes was established for each of seven parts into which the plants were sub-divided. METHODOLOGY For stilbene characterization and quantification purposes, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS) analysis of different samples was carried out. Moreover, structural data of stilbenes was unambiguously studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. RESULTS Whatever the cultivar/rootstock combination, stilbenes were found to be oligomerized from the aerial part to the root system. Furthermore, stilbene content varied widely depending on the cultivars and rootstocks. For instance, the cultivars Merlot, Tannat and Gamay noir were the richest in stilbenes while the rootstocks Gravesac, Fercal and 3390C contained the highest amounts. CONCLUSION These findings provide insight into the knowledge that major grapevine cultivars and rootstocks can be used as a potential source of complex stilbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Gabaston
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Equipe Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique - ISVV, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
| | - Cécile Leborgne
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Equipe Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique - ISVV, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
| | - Pierre Waffo-Teguo
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Equipe Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique - ISVV, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
| | - Josep Valls
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Equipe Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique - ISVV, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
| | - Antonio Palos Pinto
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Equipe Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique - ISVV, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
| | - Tristan Richard
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Equipe Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique - ISVV, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
| | - Stéphanie Cluzet
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Equipe Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique - ISVV, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
| | - Jean-Michel Mérillon
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, Equipe Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique - ISVV, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
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23
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Bianchi D, Grossi D, Tincani DTG, Simone Di Lorenzo G, Brancadoro L, Rustioni L. Multi-parameter characterization of water stress tolerance in Vitis hybrids for new rootstock selection. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 132:333-340. [PMID: 30248519 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Drought in grapevine could be faced using tolerant rootstocks. The present work aims at the evaluation of 25 new genotypes potentially tolerant to drought by using recent methods of phenotypical screening (thermography and on-solid reaction spectroscopy). Plants were grown in well-watered and stressed field conditions. Proxi for transpiration, wood hydrophobicity and starch content were used to characterize and classify the genotypes. The predominant role of the environment was highlighted, nevertheless genotype and genotype × environment interaction showed significant variations as well. Hybrids were classified based on their steady, susceptible or adaptable behavior. The 14 most promising genotypes were identified, 5 of them showing two tolerance mechanisms. In the future, results from this experiment will support viticulture in water limited areas releasing new drought-tolerant interspecific hybrids to be tested after grafting with different scions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bianchi
- DISAA, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Grossi
- DISAA, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Davide T G Tincani
- DISAA, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Lucio Brancadoro
- DISAA, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Rustioni
- DISAA, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy.
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Henderson SW, Dunlevy JD, Wu Y, Blackmore DH, Walker RR, Edwards EJ, Gilliham M, Walker AR. Functional differences in transport properties of natural HKT1;1 variants influence shoot Na + exclusion in grapevine rootstocks. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 217:1113-1127. [PMID: 29160564 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Under salinity, Vitis spp. rootstocks can mediate salt (NaCl) exclusion from grafted V. vinifera scions enabling higher grapevine yields and production of superior wines with lower salt content. Until now, the genetic and mechanistic elements controlling sodium (Na+ ) exclusion in grapevine were unknown. Using a cross between two Vitis interspecific hybrid rootstocks, we mapped a dominant quantitative trait locus (QTL) associated with leaf Na+ exclusion (NaE) under salinity stress. The NaE locus encodes six high-affinity potassium transporters (HKT). Transcript profiling and functional characterization in heterologous systems identified VisHKT1;1 as the best candidate gene for controlling leaf Na+ exclusion. We characterized four proteins encoded by unique VisHKT1;1 alleles from the parents, and revealed that the dominant HKT variants exhibit greater Na+ conductance with less rectification than the recessive variants. Mutagenesis of VisHKT1;1 and TaHKT1.5-D from bread wheat, demonstrated that charged amino acid residues in the eighth predicted transmembrane domain of HKT proteins reduces inward Na+ conductance, and causes inward rectification of Na+ transport. The origin of the recessive VisHKT1;1 alleles was traced to V. champinii and V. rupestris. We propose that the genetic and functional data presented here will assist with breeding Na+ -tolerant grapevine rootstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam W Henderson
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Jake D Dunlevy
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Locked Bag 2, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Yue Wu
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Deidre H Blackmore
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Locked Bag 2, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Rob R Walker
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Locked Bag 2, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Everard J Edwards
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Locked Bag 2, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Amanda R Walker
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Locked Bag 2, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
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