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Yehia A, Abulseoud OA. Melatonin: a ferroptosis inhibitor with potential therapeutic efficacy for the post-COVID-19 trajectory of accelerated brain aging and neurodegeneration. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:36. [PMID: 38641847 PMCID: PMC11031980 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00728-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The unprecedented pandemic of COVID-19 swept millions of lives in a short period, yet its menace continues among its survivors in the form of post-COVID syndrome. An exponentially growing number of COVID-19 survivors suffer from cognitive impairment, with compelling evidence of a trajectory of accelerated aging and neurodegeneration. The novel and enigmatic nature of this yet-to-unfold pathology demands extensive research seeking answers for both the molecular underpinnings and potential therapeutic targets. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, is a strongly proposed underlying mechanism in post-COVID-19 aging and neurodegeneration discourse. COVID-19 incites neuroinflammation, iron dysregulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, antioxidant system repression, renin-angiotensin system (RAS) disruption, and clock gene alteration. These events pave the way for ferroptosis, which shows its signature in COVID-19, premature aging, and neurodegenerative disorders. In the search for a treatment, melatonin shines as a promising ferroptosis inhibitor with its repeatedly reported safety and tolerability. According to various studies, melatonin has proven efficacy in attenuating the severity of certain COVID-19 manifestations, validating its reputation as an anti-viral compound. Melatonin has well-documented anti-aging properties and combating neurodegenerative-related pathologies. Melatonin can block the leading events of ferroptosis since it is an efficient anti-inflammatory, iron chelator, antioxidant, angiotensin II antagonist, and clock gene regulator. Therefore, we propose ferroptosis as the culprit behind the post-COVID-19 trajectory of aging and neurodegeneration and melatonin, a well-fitting ferroptosis inhibitor, as a potential treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Yehia
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, 58054, USA
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Osama A Abulseoud
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, 58054, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA.
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2
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Long DM, Cravetchi O, Chow ES, Allen C, Kretzschmar D. The amyloid precursor protein intracellular domain induces sleep disruptions and its nuclear localization fluctuates in circadian pacemaker neurons in Drosophila and mice. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 192:106429. [PMID: 38309627 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The most prominent symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is cognitive decline; however, sleep and other circadian disruptions are also common in AD patients. Sleep disruptions have been connected with memory problems and therefore the changes in sleep patterns observed in AD patients may also actively contribute to cognitive decline. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that connect sleep disruptions and AD are unclear. A characteristic feature of AD is the formation of plaques consisting of Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides generated by cleavage of the Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP). Besides Aβ, APP cleavage generates several other fragments, including the APP intracellular domain (AICD) that has been linked to transcriptional regulation and neuronal homeostasis. Here we show that overexpression of the AICD reduces the early evening expression of two core clock genes and disrupts the sleep pattern in flies. Analyzing the subcellular localization of the AICD in pacemaker neurons, we found that the AICD levels in the nucleus are low during daytime but increase at night. While this pattern of nuclear AICD persisted with age, the nighttime levels were higher in aged flies. Increasing the cleavage of the fly APP protein also disrupted AICD nuclear localization. Lastly, we show that the day/nighttime nuclear pattern of the AICD is also detectable in neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of mice and that it also changes with age. Together, these data suggest that AD-associated changes in APP processing and the subsequent changes in AICD levels may cause sleep disruptions in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dani M Long
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Olga Cravetchi
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Eileen S Chow
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Charles Allen
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Doris Kretzschmar
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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3
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Verma AK, Khan MI, Ashfaq F, Rizvi SI. Crosstalk Between Aging, Circadian Rhythm, and Melatonin. Rejuvenation Res 2023; 26:229-241. [PMID: 37847148 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2023.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms (CRs) are 24-hour periodic oscillations governed by an endogenous circadian pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which organizes the physiology and behavior of organisms. Circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) is also indicative of the aging process. In mammals, melatonin is primarily synthesized in the pineal gland and participates in a variety of multifaceted intracellular signaling networks and has been shown to synchronize CRs. Endogenous melatonin synthesis and its release tend to decrease progressively with advancing age. Older individuals experience frequent CR disruption, which hastens the process of aging. A profound understanding of the relationship between CRs and aging has the potential to improve existing treatments and facilitate development of novel chronotherapies that target age-related disorders. This review article aims to examine the circadian regulatory mechanisms in which melatonin plays a key role in signaling. We describe the basic architecture of the molecular circadian clock and its functional decline with age in detail. Furthermore, we discuss the role of melatonin in regulation of the circadian pacemaker and redox homeostasis during aging. Moreover, we also discuss the protective effect of exogenous melatonin supplementation in age-dependent CR disruption, which sheds light on this pleiotropic molecule and how it can be used as an effective chronotherapeutic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Idreesh Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fauzia Ashfaq
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Applied Medical Sciences College, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Liu W, Ma R, Sun C, Xu Y, Liu Y, Hu J, Ma Y, Wang D, Wen D, Yu Y. Implications from proteomic studies investigating circadian rhythm disorder-regulated neurodegenerative disease pathology. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 70:101789. [PMID: 37253318 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) affect 15% of the world's population and are becoming an increasingly common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Circadian rhythm disorders (CRDs) have been reported to be involved in the pathogenic regulation of various neurologic diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Proteomic technology is helpful to explore treatment targets for CRDs in patients with NDs. Here, we review the key differentially expressed (DE) proteins identified in previous proteomic studies investigating NDs, CRDs and associated models and the related pathways identified by enrichment analysis. Furthermore, we summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the above studies and propose new proteomic technologies for the precise study of circadian disorder-mediated regulation of ND pathology. This review provides a theoretical and technical reference for the precise study of circadian disorder-mediated regulation of ND pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liu
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Ruze Ma
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; Department of Gerontology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Chen Sun
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingxi Xu
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiajin Hu
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Difei Wang
- Department of Gerontology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Deliang Wen
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China.
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Amidfar M, Garcez ML, Kim YK. The shared molecular mechanisms underlying aging of the brain, major depressive disorder, and Alzheimer's disease: The role of circadian rhythm disturbances. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 123:110721. [PMID: 36702452 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
An association with circadian clock function and pathophysiology of aging, major depressive disorder (MDD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is well established and has been proposed as a factor in the development of these diseases. Depression and changes in circadian rhythm have been increasingly suggested as the two primary overlapping and interpenetrating changes that occur with aging. The relationship between AD and depression in late life is not completely understood and probably is complex. Patients with major depression or AD suffer from disturbed sleep/wake cycles and altered rhythms in daily activities. Although classical monoaminergic hypotheses are traditionally proposed to explain the pathophysiology of MDD, several clinical and preclinical studies have reported a strong association between circadian rhythm and mood regulation. In addition, a large body of evidence supports an association between disruption of circadian rhythm and AD. Some clock genes are dysregulated in rodent models of depression. If aging, AD, and MDD share a common biological basis in pathophysiology, common therapeutic tools could be investigated for their prevention and treatment. Nitro-oxidative stress (NOS), for example, plays a fundamental role in aging, as well as in the pathogenesis of AD and MDD and is associated with circadian clock disturbances. Thus, development of therapeutic possibilities with these NOS-related conditions is advisable. This review describes recent findings that link disrupted circadian clocks to aging, MDD, and AD and summarizes the experimental evidence that supports connections between the circadian clock and molecular pathologic factors as shared common pathophysiological mechanisms underlying aging, AD, and MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Amidfar
- Department of Neuroscience, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Michelle Lima Garcez
- Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
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6
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Salminen A. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) impairs circadian regulation: impact on the aging process. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 87:101928. [PMID: 37031728 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Circadian clocks control the internal sleep-wake rhythmicity of 24hours which is synchronized by the solar cycle. Circadian regulation of metabolism evolved about 2.5 billion years ago, i.e., the rhythmicity has been conserved from cyanobacteria and Archaea through to mammals although the mechanisms utilized have developed with evolution. While the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an evolutionarily conserved defence mechanism against environmental threats, it has gained many novel functions during evolution, such as the regulation of cell cycle, proteostasis, and many immune functions. There is robust evidence that AhR signaling impairs circadian rhythmicity, e.g., by interacting with the core BMAL1/CLOCK complex and disturbing the epigenetic regulation of clock genes. The maintenance of circadian rhythms is impaired with aging, disturbing metabolism and many important functions in aged organisms. Interestingly, it is known that AhR signaling promotes an age-related tissue degeneration, e.g., it is able to inhibit autophagy, enhance cellular senescence, and disrupt extracellular matrix. These alterations are rather similar to those induced by a long-term impairment of circadian rhythms. However, it is not known whether AhR signaling enhances the aging process by impairing circadian homeostasis. I will examine the experimental evidence indicating that AhR signaling is able to promote the age-related degeneration via a disruption of circadian rhythmicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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7
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Mormone E, Iorio EL, Abate L, Rodolfo C. Sirtuins and redox signaling interplay in neurogenesis, neurodegenerative diseases, and neural cell reprogramming. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1073689. [PMID: 36816109 PMCID: PMC9929468 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1073689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of Neural Stem Cells (NSCs) there are still mechanism to be clarified, such as the role of mitochondrial metabolism in the regulation of endogenous adult neurogenesis and its implication in neurodegeneration. Although stem cells require glycolysis to maintain their stemness, they can perform oxidative phosphorylation and it is becoming more and more evident that mitochondria are central players, not only for ATP production but also for neuronal differentiation's steps regulation, through their ability to handle cellular redox state, intracellular signaling, epigenetic state of the cell, as well as the gut microbiota-brain axis, upon dietary influences. In this scenario, the 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) repair system would link mitochondrial DNA integrity to the modulation of neural differentiation. On the other side, there is an increasing interest in NSCs generation, from induced pluripotent stem cells, as a clinical model for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), although this methodology still presents several drawbacks, mainly related to the reprogramming process. Indeed, high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), associated with telomere shortening, genomic instability, and defective mitochondrial dynamics, lead to pluripotency limitation and reprogramming efficiency's reduction. Moreover, while a physiological or moderate ROS increase serves as a signaling mechanism, to activate differentiation and suppress self-renewal, excessive oxidative stress is a common feature of NDs and aging. This ROS-dependent regulatory effect might be modulated by newly identified ROS suppressors, including the NAD+-dependent deacetylase enzymes family called Sirtuins (SIRTs). Recently, the importance of subcellular localization of NAD synthesis has been coupled to different roles for NAD in chromatin stability, DNA repair, circadian rhythms, and longevity. SIRTs have been described as involved in the control of both telomere's chromatin state and expression of nuclear gene involved in the regulation of mitochondrial gene expression, as well as in several NDs and aging. SIRTs are ubiquitously expressed in the mammalian brain, where they play important roles. In this review we summarize the current knowledge on how SIRTs-dependent modulation of mitochondrial metabolism could impact on neurogenesis and neurodegeneration, focusing mainly on ROS function and their role in SIRTs-mediated cell reprogramming and telomere protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Mormone
- Unitá Produttiva per Terapie Avanzate, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy,*Correspondence: Elisabetta Mormone, ;
| | | | - Lucrezia Abate
- Unitá Produttiva per Terapie Avanzate, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Carlo Rodolfo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy,Department of Paediatric Onco-Haematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy,Carlo Rodolfo,
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8
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Zhu Y, Liu Y, Escames G, Yang Z, Zhao H, Qian L, Xue C, Xu D, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Yang Y. Deciphering clock genes as emerging targets against aging. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 81:101725. [PMID: 36029999 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The old people often suffer from circadian rhythm disturbances, which in turn accelerate aging. Many aging-related degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and osteoarthritis have an inextricable connection with circadian rhythm. In light of the predominant effects of clock genes on regulating circadian rhythm, we systematically present the elaborate network of roles that clock genes play in aging in this review. First, we briefly introduce the basic background regarding clock genes. Second, we systemically summarize the roles of clock genes in aging and aging-related degenerative diseases. Third, we discuss the relationship between clock genes polymorphisms and aging. In summary, this review is intended to clarify the indispensable roles of clock genes in aging and sheds light on developing clock genes as anti-aging targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Germaine Escames
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, Granada, Spain; Ibs. Granada and CIBERfes, Granada, Spain; UGC of Clinical Laboratories, Universitu San Cecilio's Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Airforce Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Huadong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Airforce Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chengxu Xue
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Danni Xu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, Granada, Spain; Ibs. Granada and CIBERfes, Granada, Spain; UGC of Clinical Laboratories, Universitu San Cecilio's Hospital, Granada, Spain.
| | - Yang Yang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
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9
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Otsuka T, Le HT, Thein ZL, Ihara H, Sato F, Nakao T, Kohsaka A. Deficiency of the circadian clock gene Rev-erbα induces mood disorder-like behaviours and dysregulation of the serotonergic system in mice. Physiol Behav 2022; 256:113960. [PMID: 36115382 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Mood disorders such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder are highly associated with disrupted daily rhythms of activity, which are often observed in shift work and sleep disturbance in humans. Recent studies have proposed the REV-ERBα protein as a key circadian nuclear receptor that links behavioural rhythms to mood regulation. However, how the Rev-erbα gene participates in the regulation of mood remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the regulation of the serotonergic (5-HTergic) system, which plays a central role in stress-induced mood behaviours, is markedly disrupted in Rev-erbα-/- mice. Rev-erbα-/- mice exhibit both negative and positive behavioural phenotypes, including anxiety-like and mania-like behaviours, when subjected to a stressful environment. Importantly, Rev-erbα-/- mice show a significant decrease in the expression of a gene that encodes the rate-limiting enzyme of serotonin (5-HT) synthesis in the raphe nuclei (RN). In addition, 5-HT levels in Rev-erbα-/- mice are significantly reduced in the prefrontal cortex, which receives strong inputs from the RN and controls stress-related behaviours. Our findings indicate that Rev-erbα plays an important role in controlling the 5-HTergic system and thus regulates mood and behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Otsuka
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; The Second Department of Physiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan.
| | - Hue Thi Le
- The Second Department of Physiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Zaw Lin Thein
- The Second Department of Physiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Hayato Ihara
- The Department of Radioisotope Laboratory Center, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Sato
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Suntogun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan; The Departments of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakao
- The Second Department of Physiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan; The First Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Akira Kohsaka
- The Second Department of Physiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
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10
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Angelopoulos I, Gakis G, Birmpas K, Kyrousi C, Habeos EE, Kaplani K, Lygerou Z, Habeos I, Taraviras S. Metabolic regulation of the neural stem cell fate: Unraveling new connections, establishing new concepts. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1009125. [PMID: 36340763 PMCID: PMC9634649 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1009125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural stem cell niche is a key regulator participating in the maintenance, regeneration, and repair of the brain. Within the niche neural stem cells (NSC) generate new neurons throughout life, which is important for tissue homeostasis and brain function. NSCs are regulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors with cellular metabolism being lately recognized as one of the most important ones, with evidence suggesting that it may serve as a common signal integrator to ensure mammalian brain homeostasis. The aim of this review is to summarize recent insights into how metabolism affects NSC fate decisions in adult neural stem cell niches, with occasional referencing of embryonic neural stem cells when it is deemed necessary. Specifically, we will highlight the implication of mitochondria as crucial regulators of NSC fate decisions and the relationship between metabolism and ependymal cells. The link between primary cilia dysfunction in the region of hypothalamus and metabolic diseases will be examined as well. Lastly, the involvement of metabolic pathways in ependymal cell ciliogenesis and physiology regulation will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgios Gakis
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Kyriakos Birmpas
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Christina Kyrousi
- First Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
- University Mental Health, Neurosciences and Precision Medicine Research Institute “Costas Stefanis”, Athens, Greece
| | - Evagelia Eva Habeos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Konstantina Kaplani
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Ioannis Habeos
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- *Correspondence: Stavros Taraviras,
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11
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von Gall C. The Effects of Light and the Circadian System on Rhythmic Brain Function. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052778. [PMID: 35269920 PMCID: PMC8911243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Life on earth has evolved under the influence of regularly recurring changes in the environment, such as the 24 h light/dark cycle. Consequently, organisms have developed endogenous clocks, generating 24 h (circadian) rhythms that serve to anticipate these rhythmic changes. In addition to these circadian rhythms, which persist in constant conditions and can be entrained to environmental rhythms, light drives rhythmic behavior and brain function, especially in nocturnal laboratory rodents. In recent decades, research has made great advances in the elucidation of the molecular circadian clockwork and circadian light perception. This review summarizes the role of light and the circadian clock in rhythmic brain function, with a focus on the complex interaction between the different components of the mammalian circadian system. Furthermore, chronodisruption as a consequence of light at night, genetic manipulation, and neurodegenerative diseases is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte von Gall
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
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12
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Ali AAH, von Gall C. Adult Neurogenesis under Control of the Circadian System. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050764. [PMID: 35269386 PMCID: PMC8909047 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian circadian system is a hierarchically organized system, which controls a 24-h periodicity in a wide variety of body and brain functions and physiological processes. There is increasing evidence that the circadian system modulates the complex multistep process of adult neurogenesis, which is crucial for brain plasticity. This modulatory effect may be exercised via rhythmic systemic factors including neurotransmitters, hormones and neurotrophic factors as well as rhythmic behavior and physiology or via intrinsic factors within the neural progenitor cells such as the redox state and clock genes/molecular clockwork. In this review, we discuss the role of the circadian system for adult neurogenesis at both the systemic and the cellular levels. Better understanding of the role of the circadian system in modulation of adult neurogenesis can help develop new treatment strategies to improve the cognitive deterioration associated with chronodisruption due to detrimental light regimes or neurodegenerative diseases.
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Zhang W, Xiong Y, Tao R, Panayi AC, Mi B, Liu G. Emerging Insight Into the Role of Circadian Clock Gene BMAL1 in Cellular Senescence. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:915139. [PMID: 35733785 PMCID: PMC9207346 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.915139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell senescence is a crucial process in cell fate determination and is involved in an extensive array of aging-associated diseases. General perceptions and experimental evidence point out that the decline of physical function as well as aging-associated diseases are often initiated by cell senescence and organ ageing. Therefore, regulation of cell senescence process can be a promising way to handle aging-associated diseases such as osteoporosis. The circadian clock regulates a wide range of cellular and physiological activities, and many age-linked degenerative disorders are associated with the dysregulation of clock genes. BMAL1 is a core circadian transcription factor and governs downstream genes by binding to the E-box elements in their promoters. Compelling evidence has proposed the role of BMAL1 in cellular senescence and aging-associated diseases. In this review, we summarize the linkage between BMAL1 and factors of cell senescence including oxidative stress, metabolism, and the genotoxic stress response. Dysregulated and dampened BMAL1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target against aging- associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Ranyang Tao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Adriana C. Panayi
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bobin Mi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Guohui Liu, ; Bobin Mi,
| | - Guohui Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Guohui Liu, ; Bobin Mi,
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14
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Jauregui-Lozano J, Hall H, Stanhope SC, Bakhle K, Marlin MM, Weake VM. The Clock:Cycle complex is a major transcriptional regulator of Drosophila photoreceptors that protects the eye from retinal degeneration and oxidative stress. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010021. [PMID: 35100266 PMCID: PMC8830735 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging eye experiences physiological changes that include decreased visual function and increased risk of retinal degeneration. Although there are transcriptomic signatures in the aging retina that correlate with these physiological changes, the gene regulatory mechanisms that contribute to cellular homeostasis during aging remain to be determined. Here, we integrated ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data to identify 57 transcription factors that showed differential activity in aging Drosophila photoreceptors. These 57 age-regulated transcription factors include two circadian regulators, Clock and Cycle, that showed sustained increased activity during aging. When we disrupted the Clock:Cycle complex by expressing a dominant negative version of Clock (ClkDN) in adult photoreceptors, we observed changes in expression of 15–20% of genes including key components of the phototransduction machinery and many eye-specific transcription factors. Using ATAC-seq, we showed that expression of ClkDN in photoreceptors leads to changes in activity of 37 transcription factors and causes a progressive decrease in global levels of chromatin accessibility in photoreceptors. Supporting a key role for Clock-dependent transcription in the eye, expression of ClkDN in photoreceptors also induced light-dependent retinal degeneration and increased oxidative stress, independent of light exposure. Together, our data suggests that the circadian regulators Clock and Cycle act as neuroprotective factors in the aging eye by directing gene regulatory networks that maintain expression of the phototransduction machinery and counteract oxidative stress. Age-associated changes to the retinal transcriptome often correlate with physiological changes, such as loss of visual function and increase in cell death. However, the mechanisms that contribute to these transcriptomic changes are poorly understood. Here, we used a genomics/bioinformatics approach to identify transcription factor binding sites with differential activity in aging Drosophila retina outer photoreceptors. Amongst these age-regulated transcription factors, we identify the circadian regulators Clock and Cycle. Using a genetics approach, we find that photoreceptor-specific disruption of the Clock:Cycle complex makes the Drosophila eye susceptible to light-dependent retinal degeneration, and light-independent increase of oxidative stress, showing that a functional circadian clock contributes to visual health and function in Drosophila. Because disruption of circadian rhythms has been associated with the onset of several age-related eye diseases, our data shows that the Drosophila retina serves as a useful model to study how disruption of the circadian clock contributes to neurodegeneration in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jauregui-Lozano
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Hana Hall
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Sarah C. Stanhope
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Kimaya Bakhle
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Makayla M. Marlin
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Vikki M. Weake
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ali AAH, Abdel-Hafiz L, Tundo-Lavalle F, Hassan SA, von Gall C. P2Y 2 deficiency impacts adult neurogenesis and related forebrain functions. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21546. [PMID: 33817825 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002419rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis occurs particularly in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle. This continuous addition of neurons to pre-existing neuronal networks is essential for intact cognitive and olfactory functions, respectively. Purinergic signaling modulates adult neurogenesis, however, the role of individual purinergic receptor subtypes in this dynamic process and related cognitive performance is poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the role of P2Y2 receptor in the neurogenic niches and in related forebrain functions such as spatial working memory and olfaction using mice with a targeted deletion of the P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2-/- ). Proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survival of neuronal precursor cells (NPCs) were analyzed by BrdU assay and immunohistochemistry; signal transduction pathway components were analyzed by immunoblot. In P2Y2-/- mice, proliferation of NPCs in the SGZ and the SVZ was reduced. However, migration, neuronal fate decision, and survival were not affected. Moreover, p-Akt expression was decreased in P2Y2-/- mice. P2Y2-/- mice showed an impaired performance in the Y-maze and a higher latency in the hidden food test. These data indicate that the P2Y2 receptor plays an important role in NPC proliferation as well as in hippocampus-dependent working memory and olfactory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira A H Ali
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laila Abdel-Hafiz
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Federica Tundo-Lavalle
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Soha A Hassan
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Charlotte von Gall
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Diurnal relationship between core clock gene BMAL1, antioxidant SOD1 and oxidative RNA/DNA damage in young and older healthy women. Exp Gerontol 2021; 151:111422. [PMID: 34044064 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES BMAL1 is a core clock gene that positively regulates circadian rhythms. In animals, BMAL1 further acts as transcription factor for the SOD1 gene which encodes the major antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase. SOD1 protects against oxidative damage that is a major factor for human aging. Mice lacking mBmal1 exhibit premature aging phenotypes which might be related to a reduced expression of SOD1. The purpose of this study was to explore the circadian relationship between BMAL1, SOD1, oxidative RNA/DNA damage and aging in healthy humans. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional study design, buccal mucosa cells and saliva samples were obtained from 21 young (23.7 ± 2.3 yrs) and 21 older women (66.8 ± 5.7 yrs) within 24 h at 4-h intervals (08:00, 12:00, 16:00, 20:00, 24:00 and 04:00 h). Transcript levels of BMAL1 and SOD1 were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Protein levels of SOD1 were determined by immunoblotting and densitometry. Levels of oxidative RNA/DNA damage and melatonin were quantified by enzyme immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Transcript levels of BMAL1 and SOD1 mRNAs as well as protein levels of SOD1 and melatonin exhibited significant 24-h variation in each age group (P < 0.010, Friedman tests). The mRNA expression patterns of BMAL1 and SOD1 showed similar 24-h rhythmicity and positive relationships were found. Strongest relationships occurred in young women at 12:00 h (rs = 0.81, P = 0.005) and in older women at 08:00 h (r = 0.84, P < 0.001). Maximum levels of SOD1 mRNA appeared within 24 h in both age groups at 24:00 h. In both age groups, the timing of maximum level for SOD1 protein was delayed relative to the timing of maximum level for SOD1 mRNA. This delay was larger in older women (8 h) compared to young women (4 h). Older women showed higher oxidative RNA/DNA damage at all time-points compared to young women (P < 0.020). The oxidative RNA/DNA damage decreased continuously from 08:00 to 20:00 h (P < 0.001) in both age groups. Although oxidative damage and SOD1 protein levels declined simultaneously, only weak and non-significant relationships were noted. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that transcript levels of SOD1 and protein level of SOD1 follow a circadian pattern of expression in healthy young and older women. The time-shift found between the 24-h maximum levels of SOD1 mRNA and SOD1 protein could be explained by the time needed for translation of SOD1 protein. The positive relationship found between expression levels of SOD1 mRNA and BMAL1 mRNA is in line with animal studies showing that BMAL1 acts as transcription factor and regulates the circadian synthesis of SOD1 mRNA. Differences between young and older women found in the timing of 24-h maxima as well as differences observed in 24-h relationships between characters might be due to age-related alterations in the circadian system. Absence of relationships between levels of SOD1 and oxidative RNA/DNA damage argue for a more complex interaction between the antioxidant system and the circadian system.
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17
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Ruby CL, Major RJ, Hinrichsen RD. Regulation of tissue regeneration by the circadian clock. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:3576-3597. [PMID: 33893679 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are regulated by a highly conserved transcriptional/translational feedback loop that maintains approximately 24-hr periodicity from cellular to organismal levels. Much research effort is being devoted to understanding how the outputs of the master clock affect peripheral oscillators, and in turn, numerous biological processes. Recent studies have revealed roles for circadian timing in the regulation of numerous cellular behaviours in support of complex tissue regeneration. One such role involves the interaction between the circadian clockwork and the cell cycle. The molecular mechanisms that control the cell cycle create a system of regulation that allows for high fidelity DNA synthesis, mitosis and apoptosis. In recent years, it has become clear that clock gene products are required for proper DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression, and conversely, elements of the cell cycle cascade feedback to influence molecular circadian timing mechanisms. It is through this crosstalk that the circadian system orchestrates stem cell proliferation, niche exit and control of the signalling pathways that govern differentiation and self-renewal. In this review, we discuss the evidence for circadian control of tissue homeostasis and repair and suggest new avenues for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Ruby
- Department of Biology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA, USA
| | - Robert J Major
- Department of Biology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA, USA
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Bedont JL, Iascone DM, Sehgal A. The Lineage Before Time: Circadian and Nonclassical Clock Influences on Development. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2020; 36:469-509. [PMID: 33021821 PMCID: PMC10826104 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100818-125454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Diverse factors including metabolism, chromatin remodeling, and mitotic kinetics influence development at the cellular level. These factors are well known to interact with the circadian transcriptional-translational feedback loop (TTFL) after its emergence. What is only recently becoming clear, however, is how metabolism, mitosis, and epigenetics may become organized in a coordinated cyclical precursor signaling module in pluripotent cells prior to the onset of TTFL cycling. We propose that both the precursor module and the TTFL module constrain cellular identity when they are active during development, and that the emergence of these modules themselves is a key lineage marker. Here we review the component pathways underlying these ideas; how proliferation, specification, and differentiation decisions in both developmental and adult stem cell populations are or are not regulated by the classical TTFL; and emerging evidence that we propose implies a primordial clock that precedes the classical TTFL and influences early developmental decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Lewis Bedont
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
| | - Daniel Maxim Iascone
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
| | - Amita Sehgal
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
- The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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19
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Benitah SA, Welz PS. Circadian Regulation of Adult Stem Cell Homeostasis and Aging. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:817-831. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Ali AAH, Tundo-Lavalle F, Hassan SA, Pfeffer M, Stahr A, von Gall C. Impact of Targeted Deletion of the Circadian Clock Gene Bmal1 in Excitatory Forebrain Neurons on Adult Neurogenesis and Olfactory Function. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1394. [PMID: 32092990 PMCID: PMC7073072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian system is an endogenous timekeeping system that synchronizes physiology and behavior with the 24 h solar day. Mice with total deletion of the core circadian clock gene Bmal1 show circadian arrhythmicity, cognitive deficits, and accelerated age-dependent decline in adult neurogenesis as a consequence of increased oxidative stress. However, it is not yet known if the impaired adult neurogenesis is due to circadian disruption or to loss of the Bmal1 gene function. Therefore, we investigated oxidative stress and adult neurogenesis of the two principle neurogenic niches, the hippocampal subgranular zone and the subventricular zone in mice with a forebrain specific deletion of Bmal1 (Bmal1 fKO), which show regular circadian rhythmicity. Moreover, we analyzed the morphology of the olfactory bulb, as well as olfactory function in Bmal1 fKO mice. In Bmal1 fKO mice, oxidative stress was increased in subregions of the hippocampus and the olfactory bulb but not in the neurogenic niches. Consistently, adult neurogenesis was not affected in Bmal1 fKO mice. Although Reelin expression in the olfactory bulb was higher in Bmal1 fKO mice as compared to wildtype mice (Bmal1 WT), the olfactory function was not affected. Taken together, the targeted deletion of Bmal1 in mouse forebrain neurons is associated with a regional increase in oxidative stress and increased Reelin expression in the olfactory bulb but does not affect adult neurogenesis or olfactory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira A. H. Ali
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Merowinger Platz 1a, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.A.H.A.); (F.T.-L.); (S.A.H.); (M.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Federica Tundo-Lavalle
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Merowinger Platz 1a, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.A.H.A.); (F.T.-L.); (S.A.H.); (M.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Soha A. Hassan
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Merowinger Platz 1a, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.A.H.A.); (F.T.-L.); (S.A.H.); (M.P.); (A.S.)
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez 43111, Egypt
| | - Martina Pfeffer
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Merowinger Platz 1a, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.A.H.A.); (F.T.-L.); (S.A.H.); (M.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Stahr
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Merowinger Platz 1a, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.A.H.A.); (F.T.-L.); (S.A.H.); (M.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Charlotte von Gall
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Merowinger Platz 1a, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.A.H.A.); (F.T.-L.); (S.A.H.); (M.P.); (A.S.)
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21
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De Nobrega AK, Luz KV, Lyons LC. Resetting the Aging Clock: Implications for Managing Age-Related Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1260:193-265. [PMID: 32304036 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-42667-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, individuals are living longer due to medical and scientific advances, increased availability of medical care and changes in public health policies. Consequently, increasing attention has been focused on managing chronic conditions and age-related diseases to ensure healthy aging. The endogenous circadian system regulates molecular, physiological and behavioral rhythms orchestrating functional coordination and processes across tissues and organs. Circadian disruption or desynchronization of circadian oscillators increases disease risk and appears to accelerate aging. Reciprocally, aging weakens circadian function aggravating age-related diseases and pathologies. In this review, we summarize the molecular composition and structural organization of the circadian system in mammals and humans, and evaluate the technological and societal factors contributing to the increasing incidence of circadian disorders. Furthermore, we discuss the adverse effects of circadian dysfunction on aging and longevity and the bidirectional interactions through which aging affects circadian function using examples from mammalian research models and humans. Additionally, we review promising methods for managing healthy aging through behavioral and pharmacological reinforcement of the circadian system. Understanding age-related changes in the circadian clock and minimizing circadian dysfunction may be crucial components to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliza K De Nobrega
- Department of Biological Science, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Kristine V Luz
- Department of Biological Science, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Lisa C Lyons
- Department of Biological Science, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
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22
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De Nobrega AK, Lyons LC. Aging and the clock: Perspective from flies to humans. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 51:454-481. [PMID: 30269400 PMCID: PMC6441388 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous circadian oscillators regulate molecular, cellular and physiological rhythms, synchronizing tissues and organ function to coordinate activity and metabolism with environmental cycles. The technological nature of modern society with round-the-clock work schedules and heavy reliance on personal electronics has precipitated a striking increase in the incidence of circadian and sleep disorders. Circadian dysfunction contributes to an increased risk for many diseases and appears to have adverse effects on aging and longevity in animal models. From invertebrate organisms to humans, the function and synchronization of the circadian system weakens with age aggravating the age-related disorders and pathologies. In this review, we highlight the impacts of circadian dysfunction on aging and longevity and the reciprocal effects of aging on circadian function with examples from Drosophila to humans underscoring the highly conserved nature of these interactions. Additionally, we review the potential for using reinforcement of the circadian system to promote healthy aging and mitigate age-related pathologies. Advancements in medicine and public health have significantly increased human life span in the past century. With the demographics of countries worldwide shifting to an older population, there is a critical need to understand the factors that shape healthy aging. Drosophila melanogaster, as a model for aging and circadian interactions, has the capacity to facilitate the rapid advancement of research in this area and provide mechanistic insights for targeted investigations in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliza K De Nobrega
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Lisa C Lyons
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
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Welz PS, Benitah SA. Molecular Connections Between Circadian Clocks and Aging. J Mol Biol 2019; 432:3661-3679. [PMID: 31887285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian circadian clockwork has evolved as a timing system that allows the daily environmental changes to be anticipated so that behavior and tissue physiology can be adjusted accordingly. The circadian clock synchronizes the function of all cells within tissues in order to temporally separate preclusive and potentially harmful physiologic processes and to establish a coherent temporal organismal physiology. Thus, the proper functioning of the circadian clockwork is essential for maintaining cellular and tissue homeostasis. Importantly, aging reduces the robustness of the circadian clock, resulting in disturbed sleep-wake cycles, a lowered capacity to synchronize circadian rhythms in peripheral tissues, and reprogramming of the circadian clock output at the molecular function levels. These circadian clock-dependent behavioral and molecular changes in turn further accelerate the process of aging. Here we review the current knowledge about how aging affects the circadian clock, how the functional decline of the circadian clock affects aging, and how the circadian clock machinery and the molecular processes that underlie aging are intertwined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick-Simon Welz
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - S A Benitah
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain.
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24
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Khacho M, Harris R, Slack RS. Mitochondria as central regulators of neural stem cell fate and cognitive function. Nat Rev Neurosci 2019; 20:34-48. [PMID: 30464208 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-018-0091-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence now indicates that mitochondria are central regulators of neural stem cell (NSC) fate decisions and are crucial for both neurodevelopment and adult neurogenesis, which in turn contribute to cognitive processes in the mature brain. Inherited mutations and accumulated damage to mitochondria over the course of ageing serve as key factors underlying cognitive defects in neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, respectively. In this Review, we explore the recent findings that implicate mitochondria as crucial regulators of NSC function and cognition. In this respect, mitochondria may serve as targets for stem-cell-based therapies and interventions for cognitive defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Khacho
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology (OISB), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Harris
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ruth S Slack
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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25
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Ali AAH, Schwarz-Herzke B, Rollenhagen A, Anstötz M, Holub M, Lübke J, Rose CR, Schnittler HJ, von Gall C. Bmal1-deficiency affects glial synaptic coverage of the hippocampal mossy fiber synapse and the actin cytoskeleton in astrocytes. Glia 2019; 68:947-962. [PMID: 31743496 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bmal1 is an essential component of the molecular clockwork, which drives circadian rhythms in cell function. In Bmal1-deficient (Bmal1-/-) mice, chronodisruption is associated with cognitive deficits and progressive brain pathology including astrocytosis indicated by increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). However, relatively little is known about the impact of Bmal1-deficiency on astrocyte morphology prior to astrocytosis. Therefore, in this study we analysed astrocyte morphology in young (6-8 weeks old) adult Bmal1-/- mice. At this age, overall GFAP immunoreactivity was not increased in Bmal1-deficient mice. At the ultrastructural level, we found a decrease in the volume fraction of the fine astrocytic processes that cover the hippocampal mossy fiber synapse, suggesting an impairment of perisynaptic processes and their contribution to neurotransmission. For further analyses of actin cytoskeleton, which is essential for distal process formation, we used cultured Bmal1-/- astrocytes. Bmal1-/- astrocytes showed an impaired formation of actin stress fibers. Moreover, Bmal1-/- astrocytes showed reduced levels of the actin-binding protein cortactin (CTTN). Cttn promoter region contains an E-Box like element and chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that Cttn is a potential Bmal1 target gene. In addition, the level of GTP-bound (active) Rho-GTPase (Rho-GTP) was reduced in Bmal1-/- astrocytes. In summary, our data demonstrate that Bmal1-deficiency affects morphology of the fine astrocyte processes prior to strong upregulation of GFAP, presumably because of impaired Cttn expression and reduced Rho-GTP activation. These morphological changes might result in altered synaptic function and, thereby, relate to cognitive deficits in chronodisruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira A H Ali
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Beryl Schwarz-Herzke
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Astrid Rollenhagen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-10, Research Centre Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Max Anstötz
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-10, Research Centre Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Martin Holub
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Lübke
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-10, Research Centre Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty/RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-10, JARA Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christine R Rose
- Institute of Neurobiology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Schnittler
- Institute of Anatomy and Vascular Biology, Medical Faculty, Westfälische Wilhelms University, Münster, Germany
| | - Charlotte von Gall
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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26
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Youssef M, Atsak P, Cardenas J, Kosmidis S, Leonardo ED, Dranovsky A. Early life stress delays hippocampal development and diminishes the adult stem cell pool in mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4120. [PMID: 30858462 PMCID: PMC6412041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40868-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life stress predisposes to mental illness and behavioral dysfunction in adulthood, but the mechanisms underlying these persistent effects are poorly understood. Stress throughout life impairs the structure and function of the hippocampus, a brain system undergoing considerable development in early life. The long-term behavioral consequences of early life stress may therefore be due in part to interference with hippocampal development, in particular with assembly of the dentate gyrus (DG) region of the hippocampus. We investigated how early life stress produces long-term alterations in DG structure by examining DG assembly and the generation of a stable adult stem cell pool in routine housing and after stress induced by the limited bedding/nesting paradigm in mice. We found that early life stress leads to a more immature, proliferative DG than would be expected for the animal's age immediately after stress exposure, suggesting that early life stress delays DG development. Adult animals exposed to early life stress exhibited a reduction in the number of DG stem cells, but unchanged neurogenesis suggesting a depletion of the stem cell pool with compensation in the birth and survival of adult-born neurons. These results suggest a developmental mechanism by which early life stress can induce long-term changes in hippocampal function by interfering with DG assembly and ultimately diminishing the adult stem cell pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Youssef
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Graduate Program in Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Piray Atsak
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jovani Cardenas
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Stylianos Kosmidis
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - E David Leonardo
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Alex Dranovsky
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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27
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Ali AAH, Schwarz-Herzke B, Mir S, Sahlender B, Victor M, Görg B, Schmuck M, Dach K, Fritsche E, Kremer A, von Gall C. Deficiency of the clock gene Bmal1 affects neural progenitor cell migration. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 224:373-386. [PMID: 30341743 PMCID: PMC6373387 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1775-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the impact of a disrupted molecular clock in Bmal1-deficient (Bmal1-/-) mice on migration of neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Proliferation of NPCs in rostral migratory stream (RMS) was reduced in Bmal1-/- mice, consistent with our earlier studies on adult neurogenesis in hippocampus. However, a significantly higher number of NPCs from Bmal1-/- mice reached the olfactory bulb as compared to wild-type littermates (Bmal1+/+ mice), indicating a higher migration velocity in Bmal1-/- mice. In isolated NPCs from Bmal1-/- mice, not only migration velocity and expression pattern of genes involved in detoxification of reactive oxygen species were affected, but also RNA oxidation of catalase was increased and catalase protein levels were decreased. Bmal1+/+ migration phenotype could be restored by treatment with catalase, while treatment of NPCs from Bmal1+/+ mice with hydrogen peroxide mimicked Bmal1-/- migration phenotype. Thus, we conclude that Bmal1 deficiency affects NPC migration as a consequence of dysregulated detoxification of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira A H Ali
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Beryl Schwarz-Herzke
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Shakila Mir
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Benita Sahlender
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marion Victor
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Boris Görg
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Schmuck
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Modern Risk Assessment and Sphere Biology Group, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Dach
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Modern Risk Assessment and Sphere Biology Group, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ellen Fritsche
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Modern Risk Assessment and Sphere Biology Group, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Kremer
- Department of Bioinformatics, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte von Gall
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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28
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Tan X, Ye J, Liu W, Zhao B, Shi X, Zhang C, Liu Z, Liu X. Acrylamide aggravates cognitive deficits at night period via the gut-brain axis by reprogramming the brain circadian clock. Arch Toxicol 2018; 93:467-486. [PMID: 30374679 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Imbalance of the circadian rhythm leads to pathologies including obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, and even cancer. Acrylamide (ACR) is a chronic neurotoxin which can lead to carcinogenicity, reproduction toxicity, teratogenicity, and neurotoxicity. The aim of this study was to reveal a potential mechanism of ACR-triggered neurotoxicity related to circadian clock in mice brain. For this purpose, 80 3-month-old C57/BL6J mice were randomly divided into two groups (n = 40/group): the control group was fed a standard diet (AIN-93M) with pure water, and the ACR group was fed a standard diet (AIN-93M) with 0.003% ACR in drinking water for 16 weeks. In the current study, ACR treatment induced circadian disorder and suppressed the circadian-related protein expressions in mice brain. Furthermore, ACR diet aggravated the cognitive dysfunction and spatial memory loss at night phase. Consistent with these results, ACR caused cognitive defects in the night period by down-regulating the ERK/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling pathways and the expression of synaptosomal-related protein SNAP-25 and PSD-95. Moreover, excessive autophagy phenomenon also occurred in mice hippocampus in the night phase under ACR administration. Of note, ACR stimulated the brain inflammatory reaction via affecting the intestinal barrier integrity and increasing the levels of circulating LPS, IL-1β and TNF-α. Above all, the present research discovered that ACR is a potential circadian-depressing compound that influences cognitive function in mice brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Tan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Jin Ye
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Weiqi Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Beita Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Xu Shi
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Chengliang Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 2, 712100, Yangling, China.
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29
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Lembach A, Stahr A, Ali AAH, Ingenwerth M, von Gall C. Sex-Dependent Effects of Bmal1-Deficiency on Mouse Cerebral Cortex Infarction in Response to Photothrombotic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3124. [PMID: 30314381 PMCID: PMC6213371 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. There is increasing evidence that occurrence of ischemic stroke is affected by circadian system and sex. However, little is known about the effect of these factors on structural recovery after ischemic stroke. Therefore, we studied infarction in cerebral neocortex of male and female mice with deletion of the clock gene Bmal1 (Bmal1-/-) after focal ischemia induced by photothrombosis (PT). The infarct core size was significantly smaller 14 days (d) as compared to seven days after PT, consistent with structural recovery during the sub-acute phase. However, when sexes were analyzed separately 14 days after PT, infarct core was significantly larger in wild-type (Bmal1+/+) female as compared to male Bmal1+/+ mice, and in female Bmal1+/+, as compared to female Bmal1-/- mice. Volumes of reactive astrogliosis and densely packed microglia closely mirrored the size of infarct core in respective groups. Estradiol levels were significantly higher in female Bmal1-/- as compared to Bmal1+/+ mice. Our data suggests a sex-dependent effect and an interaction between sex and genotype on infarct size, the recruitment of astrocytes and microglia, and a relationship of these cells with structural recovery probably due to positive effects of estradiol during the subacute phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Lembach
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Merowinger Platz 1A, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Anna Stahr
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Merowinger Platz 1A, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Amira A H Ali
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Merowinger Platz 1A, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Marc Ingenwerth
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Merowinger Platz 1A, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
| | - Charlotte von Gall
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Merowinger Platz 1A, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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30
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Draijer S, Chaves I, Hoekman MFM. The circadian clock in adult neural stem cell maintenance. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 173:41-53. [PMID: 29886147 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cells persist in the adult central nervous system as a continuing source of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and neurons. Various signalling pathways and transcription factors actively maintain this population by regulating cell cycle entry and exit. Similarly, the circadian clock is interconnected with the cell cycle and actively maintains stem cell populations in various tissues. Here, we discuss emerging evidence for an important role of the circadian clock in neural stem cell maintenance. We propose that the NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 exerts control over the circadian clock in adult neural stem cell function to limit exhaustion of their population. Conversely, disruption of the circadian clock may compromise neural stem cell quiescence resulting in a premature decline of the neural stem cell population. As such, energy metabolism and the circadian clock converge in adult neural stem cell maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swip Draijer
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inês Chaves
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco F M Hoekman
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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31
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Giebultowicz JM. Circadian regulation of metabolism and healthspan in Drosophila. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 119:62-68. [PMID: 29277395 PMCID: PMC5910265 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Circadian clocks generate daily rhythms in gene expression, cellular functions, physiological processes and behavior. The core clock mechanism consists of transcriptional-translational negative feedback loops that turn over with an endogenous circa 24h period. Classical genetic experiments in the fly Drosophila melanogaster played an essential role in identification of clock genes that turned out to be largely conserved between flies and mammals. Like in mammals, circadian clocks in flies generate transcriptional rhythms in a variety of metabolic pathways related to feeding and detoxification. Given that rhythms pervade metabolism and the loss of metabolic homeostasis is involved in aging and disease, there is increasing interest in understanding how the clocks and the rhythms they control change during aging. The importance of circadian clocks for healthy aging is supported by studies reporting that genetic or environmental clock disruptions are associated with reduced healthspan and lifespan. For example, arrhythmia caused by mutations in core clock genes lead to symptoms of accelerated aging in both flies and mammals, including neurodegenerative phenotypes. Despite the wealth of descriptive data, the mechanisms by which functional clocks confer healthspan and lifespan benefits are poorly understood. Studies in Drosophila discussed here are beginning to unravel causative relationships between the circadian system and aging. In particular, recent data suggest that clocks may be involved in inducing rhythmic expression of specific genes late in life in response to age-related increase in oxidative stress. This review will summarize insights into links between circadian system and aging in Drosophila, which were obtained using powerful genetics tools available for this model organism and taking advantage of the short adult lifespan in flies that is measured in days rather than years.
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32
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Gulick D, Gamsby JJ. Racing the clock: The role of circadian rhythmicity in addiction across the lifespan. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 188:124-139. [PMID: 29551440 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although potent effects of psychoactive drugs on circadian rhythms were first described over 30 years ago, research into the reciprocal relationship between the reward system and the circadian system - and the impact of this relationship on addiction - has only become a focus in the last decade. Nonetheless, great progress has been made in that short time toward understanding how drugs of abuse impact the molecular and physiological circadian clocks, as well as how disruption of normal circadian rhythm biology may contribute to addiction and ameliorate the efficacy of treatments for addiction. In particular, data have emerged demonstrating that disrupted circadian rhythms, such as those observed in shift workers and adolescents, increase susceptibility to addiction. Furthermore, circadian rhythms and addiction impact one another longitudinally - specifically from adolescence to the elderly. In this review, the current understanding of how the circadian clock interacts with substances of abuse within the context of age-dependent changes in rhythmicity, including the potential existence of a drug-sensitive clock, the correlation between chronotype and addiction vulnerability, and the importance of rhythmicity in the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system, is discussed. The primary focus is on alcohol addiction, as the preponderance of research is in this area, with references to other addictions as warranted. The implications of clock-drug interactions for the treatment of addiction will also be reviewed, and the potential of therapeutics that reset the circadian rhythm will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Gulick
- Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Joshua J Gamsby
- Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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33
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Chauhan R, Chen KF, Kent BA, Crowther DC. Central and peripheral circadian clocks and their role in Alzheimer's disease. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:1187-1199. [PMID: 28993311 PMCID: PMC5665458 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.030627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular and cellular oscillations constitute an internal clock that tracks the time of day and permits organisms to optimize their behaviour and metabolism to suit the daily demands they face. The workings of this internal clock become impaired with age. In this review, we discuss whether such age-related impairments in the circadian clock interact with age-related neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. Findings from mouse and fly models of Alzheimer's disease have accelerated our understanding of the interaction between neurodegeneration and circadian biology. These models show that neurodegeneration likely impairs circadian rhythms either by damaging the central clock or by blocking its communication with other brain areas and with peripheral tissues. The consequent sleep and metabolic deficits could enhance the susceptibility of the brain to further degenerative processes. Thus, circadian dysfunction might be both a cause and an effect of neurodegeneration. We also discuss the primary role of light in the entrainment of the central clock and describe important, alternative time signals, such as food, that play a role in entraining central and peripheral circadian clocks. Finally, we propose how these recent insights could inform efforts to develop novel therapeutic approaches to re-entrain arrhythmic individuals with neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Chauhan
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Ko-Fan Chen
- Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Brianne A Kent
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Damian C Crowther
- Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines and Early Development, AstraZeneca, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
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34
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Yang SL, Ren QG, Wen L, Hu JL, Wang HY. Research progress on circadian clock genes in common abdominal malignant tumors. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5091-5098. [PMID: 29113149 PMCID: PMC5661368 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock refers to the inherent biological rhythm of an organism, which, is accurately regulated by numerous clock genes. Studies in recent years have reported that the abnormal expression of clock genes is ubiquitous in common abdominal malignant tumors, including liver, colorectal, gastric and pancreatic cancer. In addition, the abnormal expression of certain clock genes is closely associated with clinical tumor parameters or patient prognosis. Studies in clock genes may expand the knowledge about the mechanism of occurrence and development of tumors, and may provide a new approach for tumor therapy. The present study summarizes the research progress in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Li Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Quan-Guang Ren
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Lu Wen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Li Hu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Heng-Yi Wang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
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35
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Salmin VV, Komleva YK, Kuvacheva NV, Morgun AV, Khilazheva ED, Lopatina OL, Pozhilenkova EA, Shapovalov KA, Uspenskaya YA, Salmina AB. Differential Roles of Environmental Enrichment in Alzheimer's Type of Neurodegeneration and Physiological Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:245. [PMID: 28798684 PMCID: PMC5526976 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of hippocampal adult neurogenesis in aging or degenerating brain is a well-known phenomenon caused by the shortage of brain stem cell pool, alterations in the local microenvironment within the neurogenic niches, or deregulation of stem cell development. Environmental enrichment (EE) has been proposed as a potent tool to restore brain functions, to prevent aging-associated neurodegeneration, and to cure neuronal deficits seen in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we report our data on the effects of environmental enrichment on hippocampal neurogenesis in vivo and neurosphere-forming capacity of hippocampal stem/progenitor cells in vitro. Two models - Alzheimer's type of neurodegeneration and physiological brain aging - were chosen for the comparative analysis of EE effects. We found that environmental enrichment greatly affects the expression of markers specific for stem cells, progenitor cells and differentiated neurons (Pax6, Ngn2, NeuroD1, NeuN) in the hippocampus of young adult rats or rats with Alzheimer's disease (AD) model but less efficiently in aged animals. Application of time-lag mathematical model for the analysis of impedance traces obtained in real-time monitoring of cell proliferation in vitro revealed that EE could restore neurosphere-forming capacity of hippocampal stem/progenitor cells more efficiently in young adult animals (fourfold greater in the control group comparing to the AD model group) but not in the aged rats (no positive effect of environmental enrichment at all). In accordance with the results obtained in vivo, EE was almost ineffective in the recovery of hippocampal neurogenic reserve in vitro in aged, but not in amyloid-treated or young adult, rats. Therefore, EE-based neuroprotective strategies effective in Aβ-affected brain could not be directly extrapolated to aged brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V Salmin
- Department of Medical and Biological Physics, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Yulia K Komleva
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia.,Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Natalia V Kuvacheva
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia.,Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Andrey V Morgun
- Department of Pediatrics, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Elena D Khilazheva
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia.,Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Olga L Lopatina
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia.,Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Elena A Pozhilenkova
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia.,Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Konstantin A Shapovalov
- Department of Medical and Biological Physics, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Yulia A Uspenskaya
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Alla B Salmina
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia.,Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
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36
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Terzibasi-Tozzini E, Martinez-Nicolas A, Lucas-Sánchez A. The clock is ticking. Ageing of the circadian system: From physiology to cell cycle. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017. [PMID: 28630025 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The circadian system is the responsible to organise the internal temporal order in relation to the environment of every process of the organisms producing the circadian rhythms. These rhythms have a fixed phase relationship among them and with the environment in order to optimise the available energy and resources. From a cellular level, circadian rhythms are controlled by genetic positive and negative auto-regulated transcriptional and translational feedback loops, which generate 24h rhythms in mRNA and protein levels of the clock components. It has been described about 10% of the genome is controlled by clock genes, with special relevance, due to its implications, to the cell cycle. Ageing is a deleterious process which affects all the organisms' structures including circadian system. The circadian system's ageing may produce a disorganisation among the circadian rhythms, arrhythmicity and, even, disconnection from the environment, resulting in a detrimental situation to the organism. In addition, some environmental conditions can produce circadian disruption, also called chronodisruption, which may produce many pathologies including accelerated ageing. Finally, some strategies to prevent, palliate or counteract chronodisruption effects have been proposed to enhance the circadian system, also called chronoenhancement. This review tries to gather recent advances in the chronobiology of the ageing process, including cell cycle, neurogenesis process and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Martinez-Nicolas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus Mare Nostrum, IUIE. IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucas-Sánchez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus Mare Nostrum, IUIE. IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
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37
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Kent BA, Mistlberger RE. Sleep and hippocampal neurogenesis: Implications for Alzheimer's disease. Front Neuroendocrinol 2017; 45:35-52. [PMID: 28249715 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and currently there are no effective disease-modifying treatments available. Hallmark symptoms of AD include impaired hippocampus-dependent episodic memory and disrupted sleep and circadian rhythms. The pathways connecting these symptoms are of particular interest because it is well established that sleep and circadian disruption can impair hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. In rodents, these procedures also markedly suppress adult hippocampal neurogenesis, a form of brain plasticity that is believed to play an important role in pattern separation, and thus episodic memory. A causal role for sleep disruptions in AD pathophysiology is suggested by evidence for sleep-dependent glymphatic clearance of metabolic waste products from the brain. This review explores a complementary hypothesis that sleep and circadian disruptions in AD contribute to cognitive decline by activating neuroendocrine and neuroinflammatory signaling pathways that suppress hippocampal neurogenesis. Evidence for this hypothesis underscores the promise of sleep, circadian rhythms, and neurogenesis as therapeutic targets for remediation of memory impairment in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianne A Kent
- Division of Neurology and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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38
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Circadian deep sequencing reveals stress-response genes that adopt robust rhythmic expression during aging. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14529. [PMID: 28221375 PMCID: PMC5321795 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the circadian clock, which directs rhythmic expression of numerous output genes, accelerates aging. To enquire how the circadian system protects aging organisms, here we compare circadian transcriptomes in heads of young and old Drosophila melanogaster. The core clock and most output genes remained robustly rhythmic in old flies, while others lost rhythmicity with age, resulting in constitutive over- or under-expression. Unexpectedly, we identify a subset of genes that adopted increased or de novo rhythmicity during aging, enriched for stress-response functions. These genes, termed late-life cyclers, were also rhythmically induced in young flies by constant exposure to exogenous oxidative stress, and this upregulation is CLOCK-dependent. We also identify age-onset rhythmicity in several putative primary piRNA transcripts overlapping antisense transposons. Our results suggest that, as organisms age, the circadian system shifts greater regulatory priority to the mitigation of accumulating cellular stress.
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39
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Albrecht U. Molecular Mechanisms in Mood Regulation Involving the Circadian Clock. Front Neurol 2017; 8:30. [PMID: 28223962 PMCID: PMC5293817 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian system coordinates activities and functions in cells and tissues in order to optimize body functions in anticipation to daily changes in the environment. Disruption of the circadian system, due to irregular lifestyle such as rotating shift work, frequent travel across time-zones, or chronic stress, is correlated with several diseases such as obesity, cancer, and neurological disorders. Molecular mechanisms linking the circadian clock with neurological functions have been uncovered suggesting that disruption of the clock may be critically involved in the development of mood disorders. In this mini-review, I will summarize molecular mechanisms in which clock components play a central role for mood regulation. Such mechanisms have been identified in the monoaminergic system, the HPA axis, and neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs Albrecht
- Department of Biology, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Fribourg , Fribourg , Switzerland
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40
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Fredrich M, Hampel M, Seidel K, Christ E, Korf HW. Impact of melatonin receptor-signaling on Zeitgeber time-dependent changes in cell proliferation and apoptosis in the adult murine hippocampus. Hippocampus 2017; 27:495-506. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Fredrich
- Dr. Senckenbergisches Chronomedizinisches Institut; Goethe-Universität; Theodor-Stern-Kai 7 Frankfurt/M Germany
| | - Mareike Hampel
- Dr. Senckenbergisches Chronomedizinisches Institut; Goethe-Universität; Theodor-Stern-Kai 7 Frankfurt/M Germany
| | - Kay Seidel
- Dr. Senckenbergische Anatomie, Institut für Anatomie II; Goethe-Universität; Theodor-Stern-Kai 7 Frankfurt/M Germany
| | - Elmar Christ
- Dr. Senckenbergische Anatomie, Institut für Anatomie II; Goethe-Universität; Theodor-Stern-Kai 7 Frankfurt/M Germany
| | - Horst-Werner Korf
- Dr. Senckenbergische Anatomie, Institut für Anatomie II; Goethe-Universität; Theodor-Stern-Kai 7 Frankfurt/M Germany
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41
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Velusamy T, Panneerselvam AS, Purushottam M, Anusuyadevi M, Pal PK, Jain S, Essa MM, Guillemin GJ, Kandasamy M. Protective Effect of Antioxidants on Neuronal Dysfunction and Plasticity in Huntington's Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:3279061. [PMID: 28168008 PMCID: PMC5266860 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3279061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is characterised by movement disorders, cognitive impairments, and psychiatric problems. The abnormal generation of reactive oxygen species and the resulting oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial damage in neurons upon CAG mutations in the HTT gene have been hypothesized as the contributing factors of neurodegeneration in HD. The potential use of antioxidants against free radical toxicity has been an emerging field in the management of ageing and many neurodegenerative disorders. Neural stem cells derived adult neurogenesis represents the regenerative capacity of the adult brain. The process of adult neurogenesis has been implicated in the cognitive functions of the brain and is highly modulated positively by different factors including antioxidants. The supportive role of antioxidants to reduce the severity of HD via promoting the functional neurogenesis and neuroprotection in the pathological adult brain has great promise. This review comprehends the recent studies describing the therapeutic roles of antioxidants in HD and other neurologic disorders and highlights the scope of using antioxidants to promote adult neurogenesis in HD. It also advocates a new line of research to delineate the mechanisms by which antioxidants promote adult neurogenesis in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirunavukkarasu Velusamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- DBT Ramalingaswami Re-Entry Fellowship Programme, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), New Delhi, India
| | - Archana S. Panneerselvam
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Meera Purushottam
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Muthuswamy Anusuyadevi
- Molecular Gerontology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Pal
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjeev Jain
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Gilles J. Guillemin
- Neuroinflammation Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mahesh Kandasamy
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
- UGC-Faculty Recharge Program (UGC-FRP), University Grant Commission, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
Disruptions of normal circadian rhythms and sleep cycles are consequences of aging and can profoundly affect health. Accumulating evidence indicates that circadian and sleep disturbances, which have long been considered symptoms of many neurodegenerative conditions, may actually drive pathogenesis early in the course of these diseases. In this Review, we explore potential cellular and molecular mechanisms linking circadian dysfunction and sleep loss to neurodegenerative diseases, with a focus on Alzheimer's disease. We examine the interplay between central and peripheral circadian rhythms, circadian clock gene function, and sleep in maintaining brain homeostasis, and discuss therapeutic implications. The circadian clock and sleep can influence a number of key processes involved in neurodegeneration, suggesting that these systems might be manipulated to promote healthy brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik S Musiek
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, and Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - David M Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, and Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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43
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Fitzsimons CP, Herbert J, Schouten M, Meijer OC, Lucassen PJ, Lightman S. Circadian and ultradian glucocorticoid rhythmicity: Implications for the effects of glucocorticoids on neural stem cells and adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Front Neuroendocrinol 2016; 41:44-58. [PMID: 27234350 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Psychosocial stress, and within the neuroendocrine reaction to stress specifically the glucocorticoid hormones, are well-characterized inhibitors of neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation in the adult hippocampus, resulting in a marked reduction in the production of new neurons in this brain area relevant for learning and memory. However, the mechanisms by which stress, and particularly glucocorticoids, inhibit neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation remain unclear and under debate. Here we review the literature on the topic and discuss the evidence for direct and indirect effects of glucocorticoids on neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation and adult neurogenesis. Further, we discuss the hypothesis that glucocorticoid rhythmicity and oscillations originating from the activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, may be crucial for the regulation of neural stem/progenitor cells in the hippocampus, as well as the implications of this hypothesis for pathophysiological conditions in which glucocorticoid oscillations are affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos P Fitzsimons
- Neuroscience Program, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Joe Herbert
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marijn Schouten
- Neuroscience Program, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Endocrinology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Lucassen
- Neuroscience Program, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Stafford Lightman
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
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44
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Li W, Liu L, Liu D, Jin S, Yang Y, Tang W, Gong L. Decreased circadian component Bmal1 predicts tumor progression and poor prognosis in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 472:156-62. [PMID: 26915801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.02.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock has been demonstrated playing important roles in human tumorigenic process; however, the detailed clinical implications of circadian disruption on tumors have not been well understood. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern of Bmal1, the core component of the circadian system, in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). Our immunohistochemistry analysis showed that the protein level of Bmal1 was significantly decreased in tumor tissues from 87 patients with PDA compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Low Bmal1 expression was associated with the TNM/clinical stage, histological differentiation, and vascular invasion of PDA; but no significant relevance to patient age, gender, the tumor location, or the size. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that PDA patients with low Bmal1 expression had shorter overall survival (OS) times as well as disease-free times (DFS) compared to the patients with high Bmal1 expression. Lastly, univariate and multivariate analyses identified low Bmal1 expression as an independent prognostic factor for poor survival outcome for patients with PDA. Collectively, our present study demonstrated that the decreased expression of Bmal1 is correlated with the tumor progression and poor prognosis in human PDA, which implicated its potential to be used as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 68, Zhong Shan Road, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 68, Zhong Shan Road, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 68, Zhong Shan Road, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Shimao Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 68, Zhong Shan Road, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Yisha Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 68, Zhong Shan Road, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 68, Zhong Shan Road, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Lei Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 68, Zhong Shan Road, Wuxi, 214002, China.
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