1
|
Sadique FL, Subramaiam H, Krishnappa P, Chellappan DK, Ma JH. Recent advances in breast cancer metastasis with special emphasis on metastasis to the brain. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155378. [PMID: 38850880 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the underlying mechanisms of breast cancer metastasis is of vital importance for developing treatment approaches. This review emphasizes contemporary breakthrough studies with special focus on breast cancer brain metastasis. Acquired mutational changes in metastatic lesions are often distinct from the primary tumor, suggesting altered mutagenesis pathways. The concept of micrometastases and heterogeneity within the tumors unravels novel therapeutic targets at genomic and molecular levels through epigenetic and proteomic profiling. Several pre-clinical studies have identified mechanisms involving the immune system, where tumor associated macrophages are key players. Expression of cell proteins like Syndecan1, fatty acid-binding protein 7 and tropomyosin kinase receptor B have been implicated in aiding the transmigration of breast cancer cells to the brain. Changes in the proteomic landscape of the blood-brain-barrier show altered permeability characteristics, supporting entry of cancer cells. Findings from laboratory studies pave the path for the emergence of new biomarkers, especially blood-based miRNA and circulating tumor cell markers for prognostic staging. The constantly evolving therapeutics call for clinical trials backing supportive evidence of efficacies of both novel and existing approaches. The challenge lying ahead is discovering innovative techniques to replace use of human samples and optimize small-scale patient recruitment in trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fairooz Labiba Sadique
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Hemavathy Subramaiam
- Division of Pathology, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
| | - Purushotham Krishnappa
- Division of Pathology, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Jin Hao Ma
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Arqueros C, Salazar J, Gallardo A, Andrés M, Tibau A, Lidia Bell O, Artigas A, Lasa A, Ramón y Cajal T, Lerma E, Barnadas A. Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine ( SPARC) Polymorphisms in Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in HER2-Negative Breast Cancer Patients. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3231. [PMID: 38137452 PMCID: PMC10741005 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) expression has been proposed as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for some cancer types, but knowledge about the predictive value of SPARC polymorphisms in the context of neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer (BC) is lacking. In 132 HER2-negative BC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, we determined polymorphisms in the SPARC gene and analyzed their association with outcome. We also determined SPARC protein expression in tumor tissue. SPARC rs19789707 was significantly associated with response to treatment according to the Miller and Payne system in the breast (multivariate: odds ratio (OR), 3.81; p = 0.028). This association was significant in the subgroup of patients with luminal tumors (univariate: p = 0.047). Regarding survival, two SPARC variants showed significant associations with event-free survival: the rs19789707 variant in the subgroup of luminal A tumors (univariate: p = 0.006), and the rs4958487 variant in the subgroup of luminal B tumors (univariate: p = 0.022). In addition, SPARC rs4958487, rs10065756, and rs12153644 were significantly correlated with SPARC protein expression. Our findings suggest that SPARC polymorphisms could be good predictors of treatment response and survival in BC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, especially those with luminal tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Arqueros
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juliana Salazar
- Translational Medical Oncology Laboratory, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Institut de Recerca Sant Pau—CERCA Center, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Gallardo
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Institut de Recerca Sant Pau—CERCA Center, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.G.)
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Andrés
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Ariadna Tibau
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Olga Lidia Bell
- Translational Medical Oncology Laboratory, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Institut de Recerca Sant Pau—CERCA Center, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alícia Artigas
- Genetics Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Adriana Lasa
- Genetics Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain (A.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Ramón y Cajal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Enrique Lerma
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Institut de Recerca Sant Pau—CERCA Center, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.G.)
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustí Barnadas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vyas D, Wairkar S. Effect of variables on exemestane-loaded albumin nanoparticles: statistical optimization and anti-cancer activity in MCF-7 cell lines. Pharm Dev Technol 2023; 28:1048-1055. [PMID: 37987762 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2023.2285925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the effect of variables on exemestane-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (EXE-BSA NPs) to improve anti-breast cancer activity. EXE-BSA NPs were optimized using 32 factorial design, wherein the concentration of BSA (X1) and sonication time (X2) were independent variables and particle size (Y1) and %w/w entrapment efficiency (Y2) were dependent variables. The statistical optimization revealed a significant effect of BSA concentration on both variables, whereas sonication time affected only particle size. The optimized EXE-BSA NPs were spherical with 124.1 ± 2.62 nm particle size, 83.95 ± 1.06% w/w drug entrapment, and exhibited a biphasic release of 100% (w/w) drug over 72 h. The optimized formulation induced cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cell lines with an IC50 value of 21.46 µg/mL by MTT assay, almost half the free drug (54.87 µg/mL). Thus, statistically optimized EXE-BSA NPs were effective in MCF-7 cell lines and can be explored to treat estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darshan Vyas
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deemed-to-University, Mumbai, India
| | - Sarika Wairkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deemed-to-University, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiang S, Sun HF, Li S, Zhang N, Chen JS, Liu JX. SPARC: a potential target for functional nanomaterials and drugs. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1235428. [PMID: 37577749 PMCID: PMC10419254 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1235428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), also termed osteonectin or BM-40, is a matricellular protein which regulates cell adhesion, extracellular matrix production, growth factor activity, and cell cycle. Although SPARC does not perform a structural function, it, however, modulates interactions between cells and the surrounding extracellular matrix due to its anti-proliferative and anti-adhesion properties. The overexpression of SPARC at sites, including injury, regeneration, obesity, cancer, and inflammation, reveals its application as a prospective target and therapeutic indicator in the treatment and assessment of disease. This article comprehensively summarizes the mechanism of SPARC overexpression in inflammation and tumors as well as the latest research progress of functional nanomaterials in the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis and tumors by manipulating SPARC as a new target. This article provides ideas for using functional nanomaterials to treat inflammatory diseases through the SPARC target. The purpose of this article is to provide a reference for ongoing disease research based on SPARC-targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Hui-Feng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
- College Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Ji-Song Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alcaraz LB, Mallavialle A, Mollevi C, Boissière-Michot F, Mansouri H, Simony-Lafontaine J, Laurent-Matha V, Chardès T, Jacot W, Turtoi A, Roger P, Guiu S, Liaudet-Coopman E. SPARC in cancer-associated fibroblasts is an independent poor prognostic factor in non-metastatic triple-negative breast cancer and exhibits pro-tumor activity. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:1243-1258. [PMID: 36346290 PMCID: PMC10099777 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype and lacks specific targeted therapeutic agents. The current mechanistic evidence from cell-based studies suggests that the matricellular protein SPARC has a tumor-promoting role in TNBC; however, data on the clinical relevance of SPARC expression/secretion by tumor and stromal cells in TNBC are limited. Here, we analyzed by immunohistochemistry the prognostic value of tumor and stromal cell SPARC expression in 148 patients with non-metastatic TNBC and long follow-up (median: 5.4 years). We also quantified PD-L1 and PD-1 expression. We detected SPARC expression in tumor cells (42.4%), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs; 88.1%), tumor-associated macrophages (77.1%), endothelial cells (75.2%) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (9.8%). Recurrence-free survival was significantly lower in patients with SPARC-expressing CAFs. Multivariate analysis showed that SPARC expression in CAFs was an independent prognostic factor. We also detected tumor and stromal cell SPARC expression in TNBC cytosols, and in patient-derived xenografts and cell lines. Furthermore, we analyzed publicly available single-cell mRNA sequencing data and found that in TNBC, SPARC is expressed by different CAF subpopulations, including myofibroblasts and inflammatory fibroblasts that are involved in tumor-related processes. We then showed that fibroblast-secreted SPARC had a tumor-promoting role by inhibiting TNBC cell adhesion and stimulating their motility and invasiveness. Overall, our study demonstrates that SPARC expression in CAFs is an independent prognostic marker of poor outcome in TNBC. Patients with SPARC-expressing CAFs could be eligible for anti-SPARC targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caroline Mollevi
- Biometry Unit, ICM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Desbrest Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Hanane Mansouri
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, Univ Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France.,RHEM, IRCM, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Thierry Chardès
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, Univ Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France
| | - William Jacot
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, Univ Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France.,Translational Research Unit, ICM, Montpellier, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, ICM, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrei Turtoi
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, Univ Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Roger
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, Univ Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France.,Department of Pathology, CHU, Nîmes, France
| | - Séverine Guiu
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, Univ Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, ICM, Montpellier, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bellenghi M, Talarico G, Botti L, Puglisi R, Tabolacci C, Portararo P, Piva A, Pontecorvi G, Carè A, Colombo MP, Mattia G, Sangaletti S. SCD5-dependent inhibition of SPARC secretion hampers metastatic spreading and favors host immunity in a TNBC murine model. Oncogene 2022; 41:4055-4065. [PMID: 35851846 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02401-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated fatty acid metabolism interacts with oncogenic signals, thereby worsening tumor aggressiveness. The stearoyl-CoA desaturating enzymes, SCD1 and SCD5, convert of saturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids. While SCD1 is frequently overexpressed in tumor cells and has been widely studied, SCD5 has both limited expression and poor characterization. Here we evaluated, in vitro and in vivo, the effects of SCD5 overexpression in a metastatic clone of 4T1. The results showed SCD5-driven reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism, involving desaturation of stearic acid to oleic acid, which eventually blocked SPARC secretion. The latter event reduced the aggressiveness of the 4T1 subclone by decreasing the ECM deposition and reverting the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) status. Variation of the fatty acid profile by SCD5-gene transduction or the direct administration oleic acid reduces the immune suppressive activity of myeloid cells and promoting granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell maturation, eventually favoring T-cell activation. The less immunosuppressive microenvironment generated by SCD5 overexpression was enhanced in Sparc-KO mice, indicating that both extracellular and endogenous SPARC additively regulate myeloid cell-suppressive activities. Overall, our data sheds light on exploring the oleic acid-dependent inhibition of SPARC secretion as a possible mechanism to reduce breast cancer malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bellenghi
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Talarico
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Botti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rossella Puglisi
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Tabolacci
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Portararo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Piva
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giada Pontecorvi
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Carè
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario P Colombo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Mattia
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sabina Sangaletti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Luan H, He Y, Zhang T, Su Y, Zhou L. The identification of liver metastasis- and prognosis-associated genes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:463. [PMID: 35477379 PMCID: PMC9047343 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09577-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an often fatal malignancy with an extremely low survival rate. Liver metastasis, which causes high mortality, is the most common recurring metastasis for PDAC. However, the mechanisms underlying this liver metastasis and associated candidate biomarkers are unknown. METHODS We performed mRNA profiling comparisons in 8 primary tumors (T) and 12 liver metastases (M) samples using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After determining differentially expressed genes (DEG), gene ontology (GO), pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses were performed to determine DEG functions. Then, Cytoscape was used to screen out significant hub genes, after which their clinical relevance was investigated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) resources. Furthermore, prognosis-associated gene expression was validated using Oncomine and TCGA database. Lastly, associations between prognosis-associated genes, immune cells and immunological checkpoint genes were evaluated using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). RESULTS In total, 102 genes were related to liver metastasis and predominantly involved in cell migration, motility, and adhesion. Using Cytoscape, this number was narrowed down to 16 hub genes. Elevated mRNA expression levels for two of these genes, SPARC (P = 0.019) and TPM1 (P = 0.037) were significantly correlated with poor disease prognosis. For the remaining 14, expression was not related to overall patient survival. SPARC had higher expression in patients with metastatic PDAC than those with non-metastatic PDAC in TCGA dataset. SPARC and TPM1 levels were also positively correlated with the immune infiltration of specific cell types. Additionally, both genes exhibited strong co-expression associations with immune checkpoint genes. CONCLUSIONS Combined, we suggest SPARC has high potential as biomarker to predict liver metastasis during PDAC. Additionally, both SPARC and TPM1 appeared to recruit and regulate immune-infiltrating cells during these pathophysiological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Luan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanna Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zhou
- Department of Post Graduation Training, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjingbei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Prognostic Significance of SPARC Expression in Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Bioinformatics Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8600419. [PMID: 35211625 PMCID: PMC8863438 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8600419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC, also known as osteonectin), is a small molecule glycoprotein associated with cell secretions. The purpose of our research is to clarify the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of SPARC expression in breast cancer. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis using the PubMed, Web of Science, Wanfang Data, and CNKI databases. The meta-analysis showed that SPARC expression was elevated in breast cancer tissue, compared with normal tissue, while SPARC expression in tumor stromal cells was higher than that of tumor cells. The expression of SPARC was positively correlated with histological grade and TNM staging. The Kaplan-Meier plotter showed that low SPARC expression was negatively correlated with the overall, postprogression, and distant metastasis survival rates of patients. According to Oncomine database, SPARC expression was upregulated in breast cancer than normal tissues. In TCGA database, univariate analysis showed that lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM staging were negatively correlated with patient prognosis in breast cancers. Cox multivariate analysis showed that age, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM staging were important factors affecting the survival time of breast cancer patients. SPARC expression can be employed as a good indicator of prognosis of breast cancer patients, which will provide new methods and ideas of preventive treatment.
Collapse
|
9
|
Progress of albumin-polymer conjugates as efficient drug carriers. PURE APPL CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2021-2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Albumin is a protein that has garnered wide attention in nanoparticle-based drug delivery of cancer therapeutics due to its natural abundance and unique cancer-targeting ability. The propensity of albumin to naturally accumulate in tumours, further augmented by the incorporation of targeting ligands, has made the field of albumin-polymer conjugate development a much pursued one. Polymerization techniques such as RAFT and ATRP have paved the path to incorporate various polymers in the design of albumin-polymer hybrids, indicating the advancement of the field since the first instance of PEGylated albumin in 1977. The synergistic combination of albumin and polymer endows manifold features to these macromolecular hybrids to evolve as next generation therapeutics. The current review is successive to our previously published review on drug delivery vehicles based on albumin-polymer conjugates and aims to provide an update on the progress of albumin-polymer conjugates. This review also highlights the alternative of exploring albumin-polymer conjugates formed via supramolecular, non-covalent interactions. Albumin-based supramolecular polymer systems provide a versatile platform for functionalization, thereby, holding great potential in enhancing cytotoxicity and controlled delivery of therapeutic agents.
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu YD, Tian L, Lai RY, Li Z, Procházková E, Ho J, Stenzel MH. Development of an Albumin–Polymer Bioconjugate via Covalent Conjugation and Supramolecular Interactions. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:321-332. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- You Dan Xu
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Linqing Tian
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca Yong Lai
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Zihao Li
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Eliška Procházková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Junming Ho
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Malkova AM, Sharoyko VV, Zhukova NV, Gubal AR, Orlova RV. Laboratory biomarkers of an effective antitumor immune response. Clinical significance. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2021; 29:100489. [PMID: 34837797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The modern checkpoint inhibitors block the programmed death-1 receptor and its ligand, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 on tumor cells and lymphocytes, that induces cytotoxic reactions. Nowadays, there are no approved clinical and laboratory predictor markers of immune therapy efficacy, which would allow a more personalized approach to patient selection and treatment. The aim of this review is to analyze possible biomarkers of efficacy for treatment with checkpoint inhibitors according to the pathogenic mechanisms of drug action. The review revealed possible predictive biomarkers, that could be classified to 3 groups: biomarkers of high mutagenic potential of the tumor, biomarkers of high activity of adaptive immunity, biomarkers of low activity of the tumor microenvironment. The determination of the described markers before the start of therapy can be used to formulate a treatment regimen, in which the use of various immunomodulatory drugs, inhibitors of proinflammatory cytokines, angiogenic molecules, and probiotics can be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Malkova
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., St Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.
| | - V V Sharoyko
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., St Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.
| | - N V Zhukova
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., St Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.
| | - A R Gubal
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., St Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.
| | - R V Orlova
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., St Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Updated efficacy of adjuvant epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide followed by taxanes versus carboplatin plus taxanes in early triple-negative breast cancer in phase 2 trial: 8.1-year median follow-up. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 191:97-105. [PMID: 34648118 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paclitaxel/docetaxel after doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide (ECT) is considered as an adjuvant chemotherapy and improves the survival of early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. We aim to assess whether carboplatin plus taxanes (TP) is non-inferior to ECT in prolonging the survival time. METHODS TNBC patients were randomized (1:1) to receive ECT (90 mg/m2 epirubicin + 600 mg/m2 cyclophosphamide followed by 75 mg/m2 docetaxel or 175 mg/m2 paclitaxel every 3 weeks, n = 154) or TP (75 mg/m2 docetaxel or 175 mg/m2 paclitaxel + carboplatin AUC 5 every 3 weeks, n = 154). These expression of SPARC, PD-L1, and BRCA were studied. Patients were followed up for disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. RESULTS We recruited 308 TNBC patients (median follow-up of 97.6 months). The median DFS and OS were not reached; the 8-year DFS rate of ECT and TP arms was 78.4% and 81.7%, respectively, while the 8-year OS rate were 87.2% and 89.1%, respectively. In the SPARC (> 50%) subgroup analysis, the TP arm had longer DFS (P = 0.049) and a tendency with better OS (P = 0.06) than ECT arm. No significant differences were observed in the DFS and OS between the ECT arm and TP arm in TNBC with SPARC (≤ 50%), PD-L1 (-) PD-L1 (+), and BRCA mutation or BRCA wild (all P values > 0.05). CONCLUSION TP showed non-inferiority for DFS and OS compared with ECT in early TNBC. TP may be an effective alternative chemotherapy for TNBC patients whom the standard ECT regimen is not being used. TRAIL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01150513.
Collapse
|
13
|
Substance P Antagonism as a Novel Therapeutic Option to Enhance Efficacy of Cisplatin in Triple Negative Breast Cancer and Protect PC12 Cells against Cisplatin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153871. [PMID: 34359773 PMCID: PMC8345440 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cisplatin is very effective as a treatment strategy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), it has unwarranted outcomes owing to recurrence, chemoresistance and neurotoxicity. There is critically important to find new, effective and safe therapeutics for TNBC. We determined if SP-receptor antagonism in combination with cisplatin may serve as a novel, more efficacious and safer therapeutic option than existing therapies for TNBC. We used a neuronal cell line (PC12) and two TNBC cell lines (Sum 185 and Sum 159) for these studies. We determined that the levels of cells expressing the high-affinity SP-receptor (neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R)), as determined by flow-cytometry was significantly elevated in response to cisplatin in all three cells. We determined that treatment with aprepitant, an SP-receptor antagonist decreased cisplatin-induced, loss of viability (studied by MTT assay), production of reactive oxygen species (by DCFDA assay) and apoptosis (by flow-cytometry) in PC12 cells while it was increased in the two TNBC cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that important genes associated with metastases, inflammation, chemoresistance and cell cycle progression are attenuated by SP-receptor antagonism in the TNBC cell line, Sum 185. These studies implicate that SP-receptor antagonism in combination with cisplatin may possibly serve as a novel, more efficacious and safer therapeutic option than existing therapies for TNBC.
Collapse
|
14
|
Alcaraz LB, Mallavialle A, David T, Derocq D, Delolme F, Dieryckx C, Mollevi C, Boissière-Michot F, Simony-Lafontaine J, Du Manoir S, Huesgen PF, Overall CM, Tartare-Deckert S, Jacot W, Chardès T, Guiu S, Roger P, Reinheckel T, Moali C, Liaudet-Coopman E. A 9-kDa matricellular SPARC fragment released by cathepsin D exhibits pro-tumor activity in the triple-negative breast cancer microenvironment. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:6173-6192. [PMID: 33995652 PMCID: PMC8120228 DOI: 10.7150/thno.58254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Alternative therapeutic strategies based on tumor-specific molecular targets are urgently needed for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The protease cathepsin D (cath-D) is a marker of poor prognosis in TNBC and a tumor-specific extracellular target for antibody-based therapy. The identification of cath-D substrates is crucial for the mechanistic understanding of its role in the TNBC microenvironment and future therapeutic developments. Methods: The cath-D substrate repertoire was investigated by N-Terminal Amine Isotopic Labeling of Substrates (TAILS)-based degradome analysis in a co-culture assay of TNBC cells and breast fibroblasts. Substrates were validated by amino-terminal oriented mass spectrometry of substrates (ATOMS). Cath-D and SPARC expression in TNBC was examined using an online transcriptomic survival analysis, tissue micro-arrays, TNBC cell lines, patient-derived xenografts (PDX), human TNBC samples, and mammary tumors from MMTV-PyMT Ctsd-/-knock-out mice. The biological role of SPARC and its fragments in TNBC were studied using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis, gene expression knockdown, co-culture assays, western blot analysis, RT-quantitative PCR, adhesion assays, Transwell motility, trans-endothelial migration and invasion assays. Results: TAILS analysis showed that the matricellular protein SPARC is a substrate of extracellular cath-D. In vitro, cath-D induced limited proteolysis of SPARC C-terminal extracellular Ca2+ binding domain at acidic pH, leading to the production of SPARC fragments (34-, 27-, 16-, 9-, and 6-kDa). Similarly, cath-D secreted by TNBC cells cleaved fibroblast- and cancer cell-derived SPARC at the tumor pericellular acidic pH. SPARC cleavage also occurred in TNBC tumors. Among these fragments, only the 9-kDa SPARC fragment inhibited TNBC cell adhesion and spreading on fibronectin, and stimulated their migration, endothelial transmigration, and invasion. Conclusions: Our study establishes a novel crosstalk between proteases and matricellular proteins in the tumor microenvironment through limited SPARC proteolysis, revealing a novel targetable 9-kDa bioactive SPARC fragment for new TNBC treatments. Our study will pave the way for the development of strategies for targeting bioactive fragments from matricellular proteins in TNBC.
Collapse
|
15
|
Ma Y, Yu S, Ni S, Zhang B, Kung ACF, Gao J, Lu A, Zhang G. Targeting Strategies for Enhancing Paclitaxel Specificity in Chemotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:626910. [PMID: 33855017 PMCID: PMC8039396 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.626910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) has been used for cancer treatment for decades and has become one of the most successful chemotherapeutics in the clinic and financially. However, serious problems with its use still exist, owing to its poor solubility and non-selective toxicity. With respect to these issues, recent advances have addressed the water solubility and tumor specificity related to PTX application. Many measures have been proposed to remedy these limitations by enhancing tumor recognition via ligand-receptor-mediated targeting as well as other associated strategies. In this review, we investigated various kinds of ligands that have emerged as PTX tumor-targeting tools. In particular, this article highlights small molecule-, protein-, and aptamer-functionalized conjugates and nanoparticles (NPs), providing a promising approach for PTX-based individualized treatment prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ma
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.,Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Sifan Yu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Shuaijian Ni
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.,Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Baoxian Zhang
- Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong.,Increasepharm (Hong Kong) Limited, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Angela Chun Fai Kung
- Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong.,Increasepharm (Hong Kong) Limited, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Jin Gao
- Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong.,Increasepharm (Hengqin) Institute Co. Limited, Zhuhai, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.,Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Ge Zhang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.,Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang H, Ma H, Sové RJ, Emens LA, Popel AS. Quantitative systems pharmacology model predictions for efficacy of atezolizumab and nab-paclitaxel in triple-negative breast cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-002100. [PMID: 33579739 PMCID: PMC7883871 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint blockade therapy has clearly shown clinical activity in patients with triple-negative breast cancer, but less than half of the patients benefit from the treatments. While a number of ongoing clinical trials are investigating different combinations of checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapeutic agents, predictive biomarkers that identify patients most likely to benefit remains one of the major challenges. Here we present a modular quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) platform for immuno-oncology that incorporates detailed mechanisms of immune–cancer cell interactions to make efficacy predictions and identify predictive biomarkers for treatments using atezolizumab and nab-paclitaxel. Methods A QSP model was developed based on published data of triple-negative breast cancer. With the model, we generated a virtual patient cohort to conduct in silico virtual clinical trials and make retrospective analyses of the pivotal IMpassion130 trial that led to the accelerated approval of atezolizumab and nab-paclitaxel for patients with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) positive triple-negative breast cancer. Available data from clinical trials were used for model calibration and validation. Results With the calibrated virtual patient cohort based on clinical data from the placebo comparator arm of the IMpassion130 trial, we made efficacy predictions and identified potential predictive biomarkers for the experimental arm of the trial using the proposed QSP model. The model predictions are consistent with clinically reported efficacy endpoints and correlated immune biomarkers. We further performed a series of virtual clinical trials to compare different doses and schedules of the two drugs for simulated therapeutic optimization. Conclusions This study provides a QSP platform, which can be used to generate virtual patient cohorts and conduct virtual clinical trials. Our findings demonstrate its potential for making efficacy predictions for immunotherapies and chemotherapies, identifying predictive biomarkers, and guiding future clinical trial designs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Huilin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard J Sové
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Leisha A Emens
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aleksander S Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medicine Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jones CE, Sharick JT, Colbert SE, Shukla VC, Zent JM, Ostrowski MC, Ghadiali SN, Sizemore ST, Leight JL. Pten regulates collagen fibrillogenesis by fibroblasts through SPARC. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245653. [PMID: 33534863 PMCID: PMC7857610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen deposition contributes to both high mammographic density and breast cancer progression. Low stromal PTEN expression has been observed in as many as half of breast tumors and is associated with increases in collagen deposition, however the mechanism connecting PTEN loss to increased collagen deposition remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Pten knockout in fibroblasts using an Fsp-Cre;PtenloxP/loxP mouse model increases collagen fiber number and fiber size within the mammary gland. Pten knockout additionally upregulated Sparc transcription in fibroblasts and promoted collagen shuttling out of the cell. Interestingly, SPARC mRNA expression was observed to be significantly elevated in the tumor stroma as compared to the normal breast in several patient cohorts. While SPARC knockdown via shRNA did not affect collagen shuttling, it notably decreased assembly of exogenous collagen. In addition, SPARC knockdown decreased fibronectin assembly and alignment of the extracellular matrix in an in vitro fibroblast-derived matrix model. Overall, these data indicate upregulation of SPARC is a mechanism by which PTEN regulates collagen deposition in the mammary gland stroma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E. Jones
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Joe T. Sharick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sheila E. Colbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Vasudha C. Shukla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Joshua M. Zent
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael C. Ostrowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Samir N. Ghadiali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Steven T. Sizemore
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Leight
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wu S, Wang J, Zhu X, Chyr J, Zhou X, Wu X, Huang L. The Functional Impact of Alternative Splicing on the Survival Prognosis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 11:604262. [PMID: 33519909 PMCID: PMC7841428 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.604262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of breast cancer (BC) showing a high recurrence ratio and a low survival probability, which requires novel actionable molecular targets. The involvement of alternative splicing (AS) in TNBC promoted us to study the potential roles of AS events in the survival prognosis of TNBC patients. Methods A total of 150 TNBC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were involved in this work. To study the effects of AS in the recurrence-free survival (RFS) prognosis of TNBC, we performed the analyses as follows. First, univariate Cox regression model was applied to identify RFS-related AS events. Their host genes were analyzed by Metascape to discover the potential functions and involved pathways. Next, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method was used to select the most informative RFS-related AS events to constitute an AS risk factor for RFS prognosis, which was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier (KM) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves in all the data and also in different clinical subgroups. Furthermore, we analyzed the relationships between splicing factors (SFs) and these RFS-related AS events to seek the possibility that SFs regulated AS events to influence RFS. Then, we evaluated the potential of these RFS-related AS events in the overall survival (OS) prognosis from all the above aspects. Results We identified a total of 546 RFS-related AS events, which were enriched in some splicing and TNBC-associated pathways. Among them, seven RFS-related events were integrated into a risk factor, exhibiting satisfactory RFS prognosis alone and even better performance when combined with clinical tumor–node–metastasis stages. Furthermore, the correlation analysis between SFs and the seven AS events revealed the hypotheses that SRPK3 might upregulate PCYT2_44231_AA to have an effect on RFS prognosis and that three other SFs may work together to downregulate FLAD1_7874_RI to influence RFS prognosis. In addition, the seven RFS-related AS events were validated to be promising in the OS prognosis of TNBC as well. Conclusion The abnormal AS events regulated by SFs may act as a kind of biomarker for the survival prognosis of TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Wu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.,Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jiachen Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinchao Zhu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jacqueline Chyr
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liyu Huang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ma Y, Yu S, Ni S, Zhang B, Kung ACF, Gao J, Lu A, Zhang G. Targeting Strategies for Enhancing Paclitaxel Specificity in Chemotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021. [PMID: 33855017 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.626910/bibtex] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) has been used for cancer treatment for decades and has become one of the most successful chemotherapeutics in the clinic and financially. However, serious problems with its use still exist, owing to its poor solubility and non-selective toxicity. With respect to these issues, recent advances have addressed the water solubility and tumor specificity related to PTX application. Many measures have been proposed to remedy these limitations by enhancing tumor recognition via ligand-receptor-mediated targeting as well as other associated strategies. In this review, we investigated various kinds of ligands that have emerged as PTX tumor-targeting tools. In particular, this article highlights small molecule-, protein-, and aptamer-functionalized conjugates and nanoparticles (NPs), providing a promising approach for PTX-based individualized treatment prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ma
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
- Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Sifan Yu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Shuaijian Ni
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
- Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Baoxian Zhang
- Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong
- Increasepharm (Hong Kong) Limited, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Angela Chun Fai Kung
- Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong
- Increasepharm (Hong Kong) Limited, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Jin Gao
- Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong
- Increasepharm (Hengqin) Institute Co. Limited, Zhuhai, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
- Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Ge Zhang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
- Increasepharm and Hong Kong Baptist University Joint Centre for Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Malavia N, Kuche K, Ghadi R, Jain S. A bird's eye view of the advanced approaches and strategies for overshadowing triple negative breast cancer. J Control Release 2020; 330:72-100. [PMID: 33321156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive form of breast cancer. It is characterized by the absence of estrogen, progesterone and human epidermal growth factor receptors. The main issue with TNBC is that it exhibits poor prognosis, high risk of relapse, short progression-free survival and low overall survival in patients. This is because the conventional therapy used for managing TNBC has issues pertaining to poor bioavailability, lower cellular uptake, increased off-target effects and development of resistance. To overcome such pitfalls, several other approaches are explored. In this context, the present manuscript showcases three of the most widely used approaches which are (i) nanotechnology-based approach; (ii) gene therapy approach and (iii) Phytochemical-based approach. The ultimate focus is to present and explain the insightful reports based on these approaches. Further, the review also expounds on the identified molecular targets and novel targeting ligands which are explored for managing TNBC effectively. Thus, in a nutshell, the review tries to highlight these existing treatment approaches which might inspire for future development of novel therapies with a potential of overshadowing TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Malavia
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Kaushik Kuche
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Rohan Ghadi
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Sanyog Jain
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Stillwater BJ, Bull AC, Romagnolo DF, Neumayer LA, Donovan MG, Selmin OI. Bisphenols and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review of the Impact of Diet and Bioactive Food Components. Front Nutr 2020; 7:581388. [PMID: 33330580 PMCID: PMC7710764 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.581388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Data from preclinical studies suggest a link between increased risk of breast cancer and exposure to bisphenols at doses below what the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers as safe for consumption. Bisphenols exert estrogenic effects and are found in canned and plastic wrapped foods, food packaging, and plasticware. Mechanistically, bisphenols bind to the estrogen receptor (ER) and activate the expression of genes associated with cell proliferation and breast cancer. In this paper, we present a narrative literature review addressing bisphenol A and chemical analogs including bisphenol AF, bisphenol F, and bisphenol S selected as prototype xenoestrogens; then, we discuss biological mechanisms of action of these bisphenols in breast cells and potential impact of exposure at different stages of development (i.e., perinatal, peripubertal, and adult). Finally, we summarize studies detailing interactions, both preventative and promoting, of bisphenols with food components on breast cancer risk. We conclude the review with a discussion of current controversies in interpretation of the above research and future areas for investigation, including the impact of bisphenols and food components on breast tumor risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Stillwater
- Department of Surgery, Breast Surgical Oncology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ashleigh C Bull
- School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Donato F Romagnolo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Leigh A Neumayer
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Micah G Donovan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ornella I Selmin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
The relationship between solar ultraviolet radiation and the risk of breast cancer is conflicting. The purpose of our study was to quantitatively assess the relationship between solar ultraviolet radiation and breast cancer risk and to analyze related factors such as age and sunscreen use.Articles indexed in PubMed and Embase and published between January 2005 and March 2020 were searched for relevant keywords. The relative risk was calculated using random-effect or fixed-effect models in the meta-analysis and dose-response meta-analysis, which were conducted according to the Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology reporting guidelines. Sensitivity analyses for heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated.Six studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis, and three of these were included in the dose-response analysis. We found a correlation between exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and breast cancer risk (relative risk: 0.70, 95% confidence interval: 0.65, 0.75). We also found a linear dose-response relationship between the exposure and breast cancer risk (relative risk: 0.86, 95% confidence interval: 0.81, 0.91) in women over 40. Not tanning and covering the limbs were associated with breast cancer risk, but sunscreen use was not.Exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation is negatively correlated with breast cancer risk, and the association is linear in women over 40. This is the first dose-response meta-analysis on the topic, and the influence of factors such as estrogen receptor status, occupational exposure, and ethnicity requires in-depth study.
Collapse
|
23
|
Identification of Key Prognostic Biomarker and Its Correlation with Immune Infiltrates in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:8825997. [PMID: 32934754 PMCID: PMC7479484 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8825997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an extremely malignant tumor. The immune profile of PDAC and the immunologic milieu of its tumor microenvironment (TME) are unique; however, the mechanism of how the TME engineers the carcinogenesis of PDAC is not fully understood. This study is aimed at better understanding the relationship between the immune infiltration of the TME and gene expression and identifying potential prognostic and immunotherapeutic biomarkers for PDAC. Analysis of data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 159 upregulated and 53 downregulated genes. Gene Ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment were performed and showed that the DEGs were mainly enriched for the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and extracellular matrix organization. We used the cytoHubba plugin of Cytoscape to screen out the most significant ten hub genes by four different models (Degree, MCC, DMNC, and MNC). The expression and clinical relevance of these ten hub genes were validated using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and the Human Protein Atlas, respectively. High expression of nine of the hub genes was positively correlated with poor prognosis. Finally, the relationship between these hub genes and tumor immunity was analyzed using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource. We found that the expression of SPARC, COL6A3, and FBN1 correlated positively with infiltration levels of six immune cells in the tumors. In addition, these three genes had a strong coexpression relationship with the immune checkpoints. In conclusion, our results suggest that nine upregulated biomarkers are related to poor prognosis in PDAC and may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers for PDAC therapy. Furthermore, SPARC, COL6A3, and FBN1 play an important role in tumor-related immune infiltration and may be ideal targets for immune therapy against PDAC.
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease with high incidence and mortality rates. The important role played by the tumor microenvironment in regulating oncogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis is by now well accepted in the scientific community. SPARC is known to participate in tumor-stromal interactions and impact cancer growth in ambiguous ways, which either enhance or suppress cancer aggressiveness, in a context-dependent manner. p53 transcription factor, a well-established tumor suppressor, has been reported to promote tumor growth in certain situations, such as hypoxia, thus displaying a duality in its action. Although both proteins are being tested in clinical trials, the synergistic relation between them is yet to be explored in clinical practice. In this review, we address the controversial roles of SPARC and p53 as double agents in cancer, briefly summarizing the interaction found between these two molecules and its importance in cancer.
Collapse
|
25
|
Sanità G, Armanetti P, Silvestri B, Carrese B, Calì G, Pota G, Pezzella A, d’Ischia M, Luciani G, Menichetti L, Lamberti A. Albumin-Modified Melanin-Silica Hybrid Nanoparticles Target Breast Cancer Cells via a SPARC-Dependent Mechanism. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:765. [PMID: 32733871 PMCID: PMC7360861 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioconjugation of a recently developed photoacoustic nanoprobe, based on silica-templated eumelanin-silver hybrid nanoparticles (MelaSil_Ag-NPs), with human serum albumin (HSA) is disclosed herein as an efficient and practical strategy to improve photostability and to perform SPARC mediated internalization in breast cancer cells. Modification of NPs with HSA induced a slight viability decrease in breast cancer cells (HS578T) and normal breast cells (MCF10a) when incubated with HSA-NPs up to 100 μg/mL concentration for 72 h and a complete suppression of hemotoxicity for long incubation times. Uptake experiments with MelaSil_Ag-HSA NPs indicated very high and selective internalization via SPARC in HS578T (SPARC positive cells) but not in MCF10a (SPARC negative cells), as evaluated by using endocytosis inhibitors. The binding of SPARC to HSA was confirmed by Co-IP and Dot-blot assays. Additional studies were performed to analyze the interaction of MelaSil_Ag-HSA NPs with protein corona. Data showed a dramatic diminution of interacting proteins in HSA conjugated NPs compared to bare NPs. HSA-coated MelaSil_Ag-NPs are thus disclosed as a novel functional nanohybrid for potential photoacoustic imaging applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Sanità
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Brigida Silvestri
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Carrese
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Calì
- Institute of Endocrinology and Molecular Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulio Pota
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco d’Ischia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Luciani
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Annalisa Lamberti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mukherjee S, Choi MJ, Kim SW, Yun JW. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) regulates thermogenesis in white and brown adipocytes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 506:110757. [PMID: 32057945 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SPARC, also known as osteonectin, is well known for its physiological roles in bone formation and tissue remodeling, as well as in cancer pathology; however, evidence regarding its function in adipocytes is lacking. The present study explored the physiological role of SPARC in cultured 3T3-L1 white and HIB1B brown adipocytes of murine cell lines. Treatment of recombinant SPARC upregulated the fat browning marker proteins and genes in white adipocytes and activated brown adipocytes. Conversely, knockdown of Sparc markedly reduced these genes and proteins in both cell lines. In addition, recombinant SPARC inhibited expression of adipogenic and lipogenic proteins but elevated lipolytic and fatty acid oxidation proteins. Furthermore, in silico analysis revealed that SPARC directly interacted and regulated VEGF in adipocytes. In conclusion, SPARC acts as a regulatory protein in both white and brown adipocytes by controlling thermogenesis and is thus regarded as a possible therapeutic target for treatment of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sulagna Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ma Y, Chen H, Ma H, Yao Z, Hu J, Ma J, Zhang X, Chen G, Liu Y. Prognostic role of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine in patients with solid tumors. Saudi Med J 2020; 40:755-765. [PMID: 31423511 PMCID: PMC6718847 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2019.8.24379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the heterogeneous functions of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) from different origins and in different tumor microenvironments with the purpose of determining its clinical significance. Methods: The PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, Web of Science and Embase databases were utilized. Studies that focused on the effects of SPARC expression on solid tumor progression and clinical implications were used. The different outcomes including overall survival and disease-free survival were analyzed to evaluate their relations with tumor- and stroma-derived SPARC expression. Results: A total of 26 studies including 5,939 patients were enrolled in the present meta-analysis. Tumor-derived SPARC overexpression was significantly related with poor overall survival (hazard ratio: 1.478; 95% CI: 1.143-1.910; p=0.003), and a similar tendency was also observed in disease-free survival (hazard ratio: 1.476; 95% CI: 0.993-2.195; p=0.054). However, the hazard ratios for overall survival and disease-free survival did not present a statistical trend in stromal SPARC overexpression. Tumor type subgroup analysis revealed marked heterogeneity among outcomes. In pancreatic cancer, SPARC overexpression in the stroma was significantly associated with poorer overall survival and disease-free survival. In colorectal cancer, SPARC overexpression in the stroma was associated with better disease-free survival. Conclusion: For the majority of solid tumors, SPARC in cancer cells may be an unfavorable indicator for long-term survival for patients. As for stromal expression, SPARC indicates a poorer prognosis in pancreatic cancer, but a better disease-free survival in colorectal cancer. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine might be a potential biomarker for solid tumor prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongchen Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China. E-mail.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nakazawa Y, Nakazawa S, Kurozumi S, Ogino M, Koibuchi Y, Odawara H, Oyama T, Horiguchi J, Fujii T, Shirabe K. The pathological complete response and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine expression in patients with breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant nab-paclitaxel chemotherapy. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2705-2712. [PMID: 32218821 PMCID: PMC7068243 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers that can accurately predict treatment response are required for indicating optimal neoadjuvant treatments. The current study assessed the predictive value of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) mRNA expression for the response to neoadjuvant nab-paclitaxel (nab-PTX) therapy in patients with breast cancer. It was hypothesized that SPARC expression can affect the response to albumin-bound taxanes, including nab-PTX since SPARC binds albumin with a high affinity. Pre-therapeutic specimens of core needle biopsies were analyzed from 50 patients in a phase II trial of neoadjuvant nab-PTX and the factors that were associated with a pathological complete response (pCR) were assessed. The pre-therapeutic tumor mRNA levels of chemotherapy-related proteins were quantified, including SPARC, and the correlations with post-therapeutic clinicopathological factors were assessed, including with pCR. The results demonstrated that pre-therapeutic SPARC mRNA expression was significantly higher in non-pCR patients compared with patients with pCR (92.37±55.33 vs. 56.53±30.19; P=0.027). A cutoff point of 48.5 was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis (sensitivity, 83.3%; specificity, 50.0%), and patients were classified into low and high SPARC expression groups. High SPARC expression was associated with histological grade (P=0.035), estrogen receptor expression (P=0.037), and progesterone receptor expression (P=0.002) but not with HER2 (P=0.895), and Ki-67 LI (P=0.743) expression. The results of the current study indicated that a high SPARC mRNA expression was a negative predictor of pCR following neoadjuvant nab-PTX therapy regardless of breast cancer subtype. The phase II study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center (Registration nos. H23-9 and H23-33).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Nakazawa
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.,Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0829, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Seshiru Nakazawa
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Sasagu Kurozumi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Misato Ogino
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.,Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0829, Japan
| | - Yukio Koibuchi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0829, Japan
| | - Hiroki Odawara
- Department of Surgery, Toho Hospital, Midori, Gunma 376-0121, Japan
| | - Tetsunari Oyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Jun Horiguchi
- Department of Breast Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba 286-8686, Japan
| | - Takaaki Fujii
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine and cancer: A homeostatic hormone? Cytokine 2020; 127:154996. [PMID: 31955132 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.154996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
30
|
Abu Samaan TM, Samec M, Liskova A, Kubatka P, Büsselberg D. Paclitaxel's Mechanistic and Clinical Effects on Breast Cancer. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120789. [PMID: 31783552 PMCID: PMC6995578 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX), the most widely used anticancer drug, is applied for the treatment of various types of malignant diseases. Mechanisms of PTX action represent several ways in which PTX affects cellular processes resulting in programmed cell death. PTX is frequently used as the first-line treatment drug in breast cancer (BC). Unfortunately, the resistance of BC to PTX treatment is a great obstacle in clinical applications and one of the major causes of death associated with treatment failure. Factors contributing to PTX resistance, such as ABC transporters, microRNAs (miRNAs), or mutations in certain genes, along with side effects of PTX including peripheral neuropathy or hypersensitivity associated with the vehicle used to overcome its poor solubility, are responsible for intensive research concerning the use of PTX in preclinical and clinical studies. Novelties such as albumin-bound PTX (nab-PTX) demonstrate a progressive approach leading to higher efficiency and decreased risk of side effects after drug administration. Moreover, PTX nanoparticles for targeted treatment of BC promise a stable and efficient therapeutic intervention. Here, we summarize current research focused on PTX, its evaluations in preclinical research and application clinical practice as well as the perspective of the drug for future implication in BC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tala M. Abu Samaan
- Department of Pre-Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
- Correspondence: (T.M.A.S.); (D.B.); Tel.: +974-4492-8334 (D.B.); Fax: +974-4492-8333 (D.B.)
| | - Marek Samec
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (M.S.)
| | - Alena Liskova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (M.S.)
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
- Correspondence: (T.M.A.S.); (D.B.); Tel.: +974-4492-8334 (D.B.); Fax: +974-4492-8333 (D.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhu J, Wang LY, Li CY, Wu JY, Zhang YT, Pang KP, Wei Y, Du LQ, Liu M, Wu XY. SPARC promotes self-renewal of limbal epithelial stem cells and ocular surface restoration through JNK and p38-MAPK signaling pathways. Stem Cells 2019; 38:134-145. [PMID: 31644832 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) on the maintenance of limbal epithelial stem cell (LESC) stemness and restoration of ocular surface. To determine the suitable concentration of SPARC for LESC culture, the marker expression, mitogenic effect, and holoclone-forming capacity of LESCs treated with different concentrations of SPARC were analyzed. To investigate the mechanism of SPARC's action on the preservation of LESCs stemness, the phosphorylation of related signaling pathways was evaluated by Western blotting. A corneal wound model was established to verify the function of SPARC in ocular surface repair. Consecutive subculturing, colony-forming efficiency, immunofluorescence, and 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine incorporation assays indicated that 1 μg/mL SPARC was a suitable concentration to stimulate LESC proliferation and preserve their proliferative potential. Compared with a control group, 1 μg/mL SPARC effectively increased the expression of ABCG-2, Bmi-1, and Ki67, while decreasing that of CK3/12. The mitogenic effect of SPARC on LESCs was found to be mediated by the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38-MAPK signaling pathways, whereas the inhibitors of JNK and p38 MAPK reduced the marker expression and mitogenic capacity of LESCs. In a corneal injury model, SPARC facilitated corneal epithelial wound healing and promoted the proliferation of p63α-positive cells both in the limbus and in the epithelial healing front. SPARC promotes proliferation while suppressing spontaneous differentiation of LESCs through JNK and p38-MAPK signaling pathways, suggesting that SPARC is a promising factor for the improvement of LESCs culture in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Le-Yi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong-Yun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yin Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ting Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun-Peng Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wei
- Department of First Operating Room, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qun Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
McQuerry JA, Jenkins DF, Yost SE, Zhang Y, Schmolze D, Johnson WE, Yuan Y, Bild AH. Pathway activity profiling of growth factor receptor network and stemness pathways differentiates metaplastic breast cancer histological subtypes. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:881. [PMID: 31488082 PMCID: PMC6727561 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene expression profiling of rare cancers has proven challenging due to limited access to patient materials and requirement of intact, non-degraded RNA for next-generation sequencing. We customized a gene expression panel compatible with degraded RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) patient cancer samples and investigated its utility in pathway activity profiling in patients with metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC). METHODS Activity of various biological pathways was profiled in samples from nineteen patients with MpBC and 8 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) phenotype using a custom gene expression-based assay of 345 genes. RESULTS MpBC samples of mesenchymal (chondroid and/or osteoid) histology demonstrated increased SNAI1 and BCL2L11 pathway activity compared to samples with non-mesenchymal histology. Additionally, late cornified envelope and keratinization genes were downregulated in MpBC compared to TNBC, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and collagen genes were upregulated in MpBC. Patients with high activity of an invasiveness gene expression signature, as well as high expression of the mesenchymal marker and extracellular matrix glycoprotein gene SPARC, experienced worse outcomes than those with low invasiveness activity and low SPARC expression. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the utility of gene expression profiling of metaplastic breast cancer FFPE samples with a custom counts-based assay. Gene expression patterns identified by this assay suggest that, although often histologically triple negative, patients with MpBC have distinct pathway activation compared to patients with invasive ductal TNBC. Incorporation of targeted therapies may lead to improved outcome for MpBC patients, especially in those patients expressing increased activity of invasiveness pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine A. McQuerry
- Department of Oncological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, 1218 S Fifth Ave, Monrovia, CA 91016 USA
| | - David F. Jenkins
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Boston University, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02218 USA
| | - Susan E. Yost
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Boston University, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02218 USA
| | - Daniel Schmolze
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - W. Evan Johnson
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Boston University, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02218 USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Andrea H. Bild
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, 1218 S Fifth Ave, Monrovia, CA 91016 USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jing Y, Jin Y, Wang Y, Chen S, Zhang X, Song Y, Wang Z, Pu Y, Ni Y, Hu Q. SPARC promotes the proliferation and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma by PI3K/AKT/PDGFB/PDGFRβ axis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15581-15593. [PMID: 30706473 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a highly lethal cancer in the world, and the prognosis of OSCC is poor with a 60% 5-year survival rate in recent decades. Here, we introduced a novel secretory and acid glycoprotein with cysteine rich (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine, SPARC), which is correlated with the worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) and prognosis of OSCC. SPARC expression levels were measured in OSCC tissues and normal tissues using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. The influence of SPARC on cell proliferation was examined by cell counting kit-8, colony formation, and Edu tests. Then, the effect of SPARC on the metastasis of OSCC cells was detected by wound healing and transwell migration assays. Next, the biologic characteristics of SPARC shared by STRING were analyzed. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms were confirmed by western blot analysis. SPARC revealed higher expression in OSCC tissues than nontumor tissues. Higher SPARC expression was correlated with poorer tumor differentiation, poorer WPOI pattern, and significantly and shorter overall survival. Knockdown SPARC significantly restrained OSCC cell growth, migration, and invasion. In addition, bioinformatics analysis found SPARC had a coexpression network with the platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGFB) and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways with minimal false discovery rate. Furthermore, SPARC promotes OSCC cells metastasis by regulating the expressions of PDGFB, PDGFRβ, p-PDGFRβ , and the PI3K/AKT pathway. Higher SPARC expression was positively correlated with poor WPOI and differentiation in OSCC. SPARC activates the PI3K/AKT/PDGFB/PDGFRβ axis to promote proliferation and metastasis by OSCC cell lines. Therefore, SPARC may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jing
- Central Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Jin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxian Song
- Central Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yumei Pu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhong Ni
- Central Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingang Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Laengsri V, Nantasenamat C, Schaduangrat N, Nuchnoi P, Prachayasittikul V, Shoombuatong W. TargetAntiAngio: A Sequence-Based Tool for the Prediction and Analysis of Anti-Angiogenic Peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2950. [PMID: 31212918 PMCID: PMC6628072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the major causes of death worldwide. Angiogenesis is crucial for the pathogenesis of various human diseases, especially solid tumors. The discovery of anti-angiogenic peptides is a promising therapeutic route for cancer treatment. Thus, reliably identifying anti-angiogenic peptides is extremely important for understanding their biophysical and biochemical properties that serve as the basis for the discovery of new anti-cancer drugs. This study aims to develop an efficient and interpretable computational model called TargetAntiAngio for predicting and characterizing anti-angiogenic peptides. TargetAntiAngio was developed using the random forest classifier in conjunction with various classes of peptide features. It was observed via an independent validation test that TargetAntiAngio can identify anti-angiogenic peptides with an average accuracy of 77.50% on an objective benchmark dataset. Comparisons demonstrated that TargetAntiAngio is superior to other existing methods. In addition, results revealed the following important characteristics of anti-angiogenic peptides: (i) disulfide bond forming Cys residues play an important role for inhibiting blood vessel proliferation; (ii) Cys located at the C-terminal domain can decrease endothelial formatting activity and suppress tumor growth; and (iii) Cyclic disulfide-rich peptides contribute to the inhibition of angiogenesis and cell migration, selectivity and stability. Finally, for the convenience of experimental scientists, the TargetAntiAngio web server was established and made freely available online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishuda Laengsri
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Chanin Nantasenamat
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Nalini Schaduangrat
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Pornlada Nuchnoi
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Virapong Prachayasittikul
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Watshara Shoombuatong
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Parodi A, Miao J, Soond SM, Rudzińska M, Zamyatnin AA. Albumin Nanovectors in Cancer Therapy and Imaging. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E218. [PMID: 31195727 PMCID: PMC6627831 DOI: 10.3390/biom9060218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Albumin nanovectors represent one of the most promising carriers recently generated because of the cost-effectiveness of their fabrication, biocompatibility, safety, and versatility in delivering hydrophilic and hydrophobic therapeutics and diagnostic agents. In this review, we describe and discuss the recent advances in how this technology has been harnessed for drug delivery in cancer, evaluating the commonly used synthesis protocols and considering the key factors that determine the biological transport and the effectiveness of such technology. With this in mind, we highlight how clinical and experimental albumin-based delivery nanoplatforms may be designed for tackling tumor progression or improving the currently established diagnostic procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Parodi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Jiaxing Miao
- Ohio State University, 410 W 10th Ave. Columbus, 43210, Ohio, USA.
| | - Surinder M Soond
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lu YL, Ma YB, Feng C, Zhu DL, Liu J, Chen L, Liang SJ, Dong CY. Co-delivery of Cyclopamine and Doxorubicin Mediated by Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles Reverses Doxorubicin Resistance in Breast Cancer by Down-regulating P-glycoprotein Expression. J Cancer 2019; 10:2357-2368. [PMID: 31258739 PMCID: PMC6584414 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination chemotherapy is considered to be one of the most effective treatments for breast cancer by reducing the emergence of drug resistance. In this study, a novel drug delivery system based on bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSA NPs) was successfully developed. Doxorubicin (DOX) and cyclopamine (CYC), a potential anti-cancer agent that inhibits the hedgehog signaling pathway were entrapped into BSA NPs through electrostatic interactions and hydrophobic interactions, respectively. Rather than simple combination of two different chemotherapeutics, the CYC also increased the intracellular DOX accumulation by decreasing the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which could thus reverse the DOX resistance. Tumor-targeting property of nanoparticles was the prerequisite for its further application. Interestingly, retention of fluorescently-labeled particles in vivo indicated that the dual-drug-loaded BSA NPs could not only target the primary tumors, but also target the metastatic lymph nodes, which would simultaneously inhibit the tumor growth and distant metastasis. Taken together, this study provides a promising strategy for co-delivery of drugs, tumor and metastatic lymph node targeting, and DOX resistance reversing in breast cancer chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-lin Lu
- Breast Cancer Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, PR China
| | - Ya-bin Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, PR China
| | - Chan Feng
- Breast Cancer Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, PR China
| | - Dong-lei Zhu
- Breast Cancer Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- Breast Cancer Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, PR China
| | - Lv Chen
- Breast Cancer Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, PR China
| | - Shu-jing Liang
- Breast Cancer Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, PR China
| | - Chun-yan Dong
- Breast Cancer Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Critselis E, Rava M, Marquez M, Lygirou V, Chatzicharalambous D, Liapi P, Lichtinghagen R, Brand K, Cecchini L, Vlahou A, Malats N, Zoidakis J. Diagnostic and Prognostic Performance of Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) Assay for Detecting Primary and Recurrent Urinary Bladder Cancer. Proteomics Clin Appl 2019; 13:e1800148. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201800148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Critselis
- Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology DivisionBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens 11527 Greece
| | - Marta Rava
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas) Madrid and CIBERONC 28029 Spain
| | - Mirari Marquez
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas) Madrid and CIBERONC 28029 Spain
| | - Vasiliki Lygirou
- Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology DivisionBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens 11527 Greece
| | - Despoina Chatzicharalambous
- Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology DivisionBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens 11527 Greece
| | - Panagiota Liapi
- Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology DivisionBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens 11527 Greece
| | - Ralph Lichtinghagen
- Institute of Clinical ChemistryHannover Medical School Hannover 30625 Germany
| | - Korbinian Brand
- Institute of Clinical ChemistryHannover Medical School Hannover 30625 Germany
| | | | - Antonia Vlahou
- Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology DivisionBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens 11527 Greece
| | - Nuria Malats
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas) Madrid and CIBERONC 28029 Spain
| | - Jerome Zoidakis
- Proteomics Laboratory, Biotechnology DivisionBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens 11527 Greece
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Somatic Trp53 mutations differentially drive breast cancer and evolution of metastases. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3953. [PMID: 30262850 PMCID: PMC6160420 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06146-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
TP53 mutations are the most frequent genetic alterations in breast cancer and are associated with more aggressive disease and worse overall survival. We have created two conditional mutant Trp53 alleles in the mouse that allow expression of Trp53R172H or Trp53R245W missense mutations in single cells surrounded by a normal stroma and immune system. Mice with Trp53 mutations in a few breast epithelial cells develop breast cancers with high similarity to human breast cancer including triple negative. p53R245W tumors are the most aggressive and exhibit metastases to lung and liver. Development of p53R172H breast tumors with some metastases requires additional hits. Sequencing of primary tumors and metastases shows p53R245W drives a parallel evolutionary pattern of metastases. These in vivo models most closely simulate the genesis of human breast cancer and will thus be invaluable in testing novel therapeutic options. Mutations in TP53 gene are very common in cancer development. Here the authors take advantage of murine models to show that somatic Trp53 mutations differentially drive breast cancer and evolution of metastases.
Collapse
|
39
|
Bawazeer S, Sabry D, Mahmoud RH, Elhanbuli HM, Yassen NN, Abdelhafez MN. Association of SPARC gene polymorphisms rs3210714 and rs7719521 with VEGF expression and utility of Nottingham Prognostic Index scoring in breast cancer in a sample of Egyptian women. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:2313-2324. [PMID: 30259245 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4394-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. To our knowledge, there is no single study conducted on the role of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) gene polymorphism in breast cancer risk or prognosis. The present study aims to investigate the probable role of SPARC genetic polymorphisms in development of breast cancer; their correlation with immunohistochemical expression of VEGF; and their association with breast cancer prognosis in the Egyptian population. The study sample included 238 Egyptian females who were divided into two groups: breast cancer group (118 patients) and healthy control group (120 subjects). SPARC gene single nucleotide polymorphisms rs3210714 and rs7719521 were genotyped. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were determined in both groups and association with ductal breast carcinoma, clinicopathological and prognostic characters were determined. For SPARC rs3210714, a significant difference was observed in the codominant model and both A and G alleles' frequencies between breast cancer patients and control group (P < 0.001). For rs7719521, a significant difference in codominant and dominant models as well as in both A and C alleles' frequencies between breast cancer and control groups (P < 0.001) was observed. A significant relation was found between SPARC rs3210714 and rs7719521, and immunohistochemical expression of VEGF (P = 0.046 and P = 0.027, respectively). SPARC rs7719521 showed a significant association with Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) (P = 0.032). The present study revealed that SPARC rs3210714 and rs7719521 polymorphisms are associated with breast cancer risk and its prognosis. Therefore, these SNPs may be useful in predicting the increased risk of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Bawazeer
- Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia.,Asklepios Hospital, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dina Sabry
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania H Mahmoud
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
| | - Hala M Elhanbuli
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Marwa N Abdelhafez
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sun W, Feng J, Yi Q, Xu X, Chen Y, Tang L. SPARC acts as a mediator of TGF-β1 in promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in A549 and H1299 lung cancer cells. Biofactors 2018; 44:453-464. [PMID: 30346081 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Migration and metastasis of tumor cells greatly contributes to the failure of cancer treatment. Recently, the extracellular protein secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has been reported closely related to tumorigenesis. Some articles have suggested that SPARC promoted metastasis in several highly metastatic tumors. However, there are also some studies shown that SPARC acted as an antitumor factor. SPARC-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in melanoma cells and promoted EMT in hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, the role of SPARC in tumorigenesis and its relationship with EMT is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression change of SPARC in A549 and H1299 lung cancer cells undergoing EMT process. Our study indicated that SPARC was upregulated in A549 and H1299 cells EMT process. We further investigated the function of SPARC on proliferation, migration, and EMT process of A549 and H1299 cells. Overexpression of SPARC promoted the migration and EMT of A549 and H1299 cells. Knockdown SPARC inhibited the EMT of A549 cells. Overexpression of SPARC induced the increased expression of p-Akt and P-ERK. Furthermore, exogenous SPARC peptide promoted transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced EMT of A549 and H1299 cells. SPARC knockdown partially eliminated TGF-β1 function in inducing EMT of A549 cells. SPARC follistatin-like functional domain reduced the expression of E-cadherin, but had no effect on the expression of p-Akt and p-ERK. In conclusion, we elucidated that SPARC contributes to tumorigenesis by promoting migration and EMT of A549 and H1299 lung cancer cells. These results will provide some new suggestion for lung cancer treatment. © 2018 BioFactors, 44(5):453-464, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qian Yi
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Physiology, College of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xichao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Su YY, Chen CH, Chien CY, Lin WC, Huang WT, Li SH. Mitochondrial assembly receptor expression is an independent prognosticator for patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2018; 18:1470320317717904. [PMID: 28747140 PMCID: PMC5843911 DOI: 10.1177/1470320317717904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Recent evidence suggests that the local renin-angiotensin system has been implicated in various malignancies. The mitochondrial assembly receptor is a newly identified receptor for angiotensin peptides, angiotensin-(1-7), and has an important role in the renin-angiotensin system. However, the role of the mitochondrial assembly receptor in the prognosis of cancer patients remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of mitochondrial assembly receptor signaling in the prognosis of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: Mitochondrial assembly receptor immunohistochemistry was examined in 151 oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients and was correlated with treatment outcome. The functional relevance of the mitochondrial assembly receptor in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assays. Results: Mitochondrial assembly receptor overexpression was significantly correlated with early pathological T classification (p=0.029) and the absence of extracapsular spread (p=0.039). Univariate analyses demonstrated that mitochondrial assembly receptor overexpression was significantly associated with superior overall survival (p=0.012). In multivariate comparison, mitochondrial assembly receptor overexpression remained independently associated with superior overall survival (p=0.008, hazard ratio=1.862). In vitro, angiotensin-(1-7) suppressed the cell growth in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells, and this response was reversed by the mitochondrial assembly receptor antagonist, A779. Conclusion: Mitochondrial assembly receptor expression is independently associated with the prognosis of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients. These findings suggest that mitochondrial assembly receptor signaling may be a promising novel target for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ye Su
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chang-Han Chen
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Graduate Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technology, National Chi-Nan University, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Yen Chien
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Che Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wan-Ting Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shau-Hsuan Li
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Shau-Hsuan Li, Department of Hematology-Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No.123, Dapi Rd, Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung City 833, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fiorino S, Di Saverio S, Leandri P, Tura A, Birtolo C, Silingardi M, de Biase D, Avisar E. The role of matricellular proteins and tissue stiffness in breast cancer: a systematic review. Future Oncol 2018; 14:1601-1627. [PMID: 29939077 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignancies consist not only of cancerous and nonmalignant cells, but also of additional elements, as extracellular matrix. The aim of this review is to summarize meta-analyses, describing breast tissue stiffness and risk of breast carcinoma (BC) assessing the potential relationship between matricellular proteins (MPs) and survival. A systematic computer-based search of published articles, according to PRISMA statement, was conducted through Ovid interface. Mammographic density and tissue stiffness are associated with the risk of BC development, suggesting that MPs may influence BC prognosis. No definitive conclusions are available and additional researches are required to definitively clarify the role of each MP, mammographic density and stiffness in BC development and the mechanisms involved in the onset of this malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sirio Fiorino
- Internal Medicine 'C' Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Local Health Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Salomone Di Saverio
- Cambridge Colorectal Unit, Box 201, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Paolo Leandri
- Internal Medicine 'C' Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Local Health Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Tura
- Metabolic Unit, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Birtolo
- Geriatric Unit, Azienda USL-Maggiore Hospital, Largo Nigrisoli 3, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mauro Silingardi
- Internal Medicine 'A' Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Local Health Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dario de Biase
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Molecular Pathology Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eli Avisar
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Summary of expression of SPARC protein in cutaneous vascular neoplasms and mimickers. Ann Diagn Pathol 2018; 34:151-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
44
|
O'Grady S, Morgan MP. Microcalcifications in breast cancer: From pathophysiology to diagnosis and prognosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1869:310-320. [PMID: 29684522 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of mammographic screening programmes in many countries has been linked to a marked increase in early detection and improved prognosis for breast cancer patients. Breast tumours can be detected by assessing several features in mammographic images but one of the most common are the presence of small deposits of calcium known as microcalcifications, which in many cases may be the only detectable sign of a breast tumour. In addition to their efficacy in the detection of breast cancer, the presence of microcalcifications within a breast tumour may also convey useful prognostic information. Breast tumours with associated calcifications display an increased rate of HER2 overexpression as well as decreased survival, increased risk of recurrence, high tumour grade and increased likelihood of spread to the lymph nodes. Clearly, the presence of microcalcifications in a tumour is a clinically significant finding, suggesting that a detailed understanding of their formation may improve our knowledge of the early stages of breast tumourigenesis, yet there are no reports which attempt to bring together recent basic science research findings and current knowledge of the clinical significance of microcalcifications. This review will summarise the most current understanding of the formation of calcifications within breast tissue and explore their associated clinical features and prognostic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S O'Grady
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - M P Morgan
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Xing P, Dong H, Liu Q, Zhao T, Yao F, Xu Y, Chen B, Zheng X, Wu Y, Jin F, Li J. Upregulation of transmembrane 4 L6 family member 1 predicts poor prognosis in invasive breast cancer: A STROBE-compliant article. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e9476. [PMID: 29384939 PMCID: PMC6392956 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane 4 L6 family member 1 (TM4SF1) belongs to the 4-transmembrane-domain family and functions as an oncogene in multiple human cancers. In this work, we aim to determine TM4SF1 expression and its prognostic impact on patients with invasive breast cancer.Overall, we enrolled 209 invasive breast cancer patients and immunohistochemically examined the expression of TM4SF1 in tumor specimens. The relationship between TM4SF1 expression and clinicopathological parameter and patient survival of breast cancer patients was analyzed.Among the 209 cases, 137 (65.6%) exhibited high expression of TM4SF1. High TM4SF1 expression was significantly associated with advanced histological grade and negative estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumors were more likely to express high levels of TM4SF1 than non-TNBC cases. Patients with high tumoral expression of TM4SF1 had a significantly shorter disease-free survival (DFS; P = .00) and overall survival (OS; P = .01) than those with low expression of TM4SF1. When survival analysis was restricted to the 167 patients (79.9%) receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, TM4SF1 expression was also correlated with poorer DFS and OS (P = .00). In multiple Cox regression analysis TM4SF1 expression remained an independent prognostic indicator for OS and DFS.TM4SF1 is upregulated and serves as an independent poor prognostic indicator in invasive breast cancer.
Collapse
|
46
|
Chang CH, Yen MC, Liao SH, Hsu YL, Lai CS, Chang KP, Hsu YL. Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) Enhances Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition, and SPARC Expression is Associated with Tumor Grade in Head and Neck Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071556. [PMID: 28718842 PMCID: PMC5536044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a secreted protein which is involved in various biological processes. SPARC expression is associated with tumor metastasis and poor prognosis in several types of cancer. However, the SPARC-induced signaling pathway was not fully understood in head and neck cancer. In this study, our results showed that SPARC treatment promoted cell proliferation and migration in head and neck cancer cell lines FaDu and Detroit 562. In addition, SPARC induced expression of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulators, including Slug, Snail, and Twist in Detroit 562. The results of phospho-kinase array analysis showed that SPARC treatment increased phosphorylation of some molecules including protein kinase B (PKB/AKT), ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK), and extracellular signal–regulated kinases (ERK). The expression of SPARC-induced EMT regulator Slug was suppressed by AKT inhibitor, but not ERK and RSK inhibitors. The SPARC expression in grade IV tumor samples is higher when compared to that in grade I–III tumor samples. Our results suggest that SPARC treatment enhances the EMT signaling pathway via activation of AKT, and exogenous SPARC and tumor expressing SPARC might be associated with tumor progression in head and neck cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hau Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Chi Yen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Ssu-Hui Liao
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Sheng Lai
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Kao-Ping Chang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|