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Zhang T, Ma X, Xu M, Cai J, Cai J, Cao Y, Zhang Z, Ji X, He J, Cabrera GOF, Wu X, Zhao W, Wu Z, Xie J, Li Z. Chelator boosted tumor-retention and pharmacokinetic properties: development of 64Cu labeled radiopharmaceuticals targeting neurotensin receptor. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024:10.1007/s00259-024-06754-2. [PMID: 38771516 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06754-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Accumulating evidence suggests that neurotensin (NTS) and neurotensin receptors (NTSRs) play key roles in lung cancer progression by triggering multiple oncogenic signaling pathways. This study aims to develop Cu-labeled neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1)-targeting agents with the potential for both imaging and therapeutic applications. METHOD A series of neurotensin receptor antagonists (NRAs) with variable propylamine (PA) linker length and different chelators were synthesized, including [64Cu]Cu-CB-TE2A-iPA-NRA ([64Cu]Cu-4a-c, i = 1, 2, 3), [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-2PA-NRA ([64Cu]Cu-4d), [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-2PA-NRA ([64Cu]Cu-4e, also known as [64Cu]Cu-3BP-227), and [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-VS-2PA-NRA ([64Cu]Cu-4f). The series of small animal PET/CT were conducted in H1299 lung cancer model. The expression profile of NTSR1 was also confirmed by IHC using patient tissue samples. RESULTS For most of the compounds studied, PET/CT showed prominent tumor uptake and high tumor-to-background contrast, but the tumor retention was strongly influenced by the chelators used. For previously reported 4e, [64Cu]Cu-labeled derivative showed initial high tumor uptake accompanied by rapid tumor washout at 24 h. The newly developed [64Cu]Cu-4d and [64Cu]Cu-4f demonstrated good tumor uptake and tumor-to-background contrast at early time points, but were less promising in tumor retention. In contrast, our lead compound [64Cu]Cu-4b demonstrated 9.57 ± 1.35, 9.44 ± 2.38 and 9.72 ± 4.89%ID/g tumor uptake at 4, 24, and 48 h p.i., respectively. Moderate liver uptake (11.97 ± 3.85, 9.80 ± 3.63, and 7.72 ± 4.68%ID/g at 4, 24, and 48 h p.i.) was observed with low uptake in most other organs. The PA linker was found to have a significant effect on drug distribution. Compared to [64Cu]Cu-4b, [64Cu]Cu-4a had a lower background, including a greatly reduced liver uptake, while the tumor uptake was only moderately reduced. Meanwhile, [64Cu]Cu-4c showed increased uptake in both the tumor and the liver. The clinical relevance of NTSR1 was also demonstrated by the elevated tumor expression in patient tissue samples. CONCLUSIONS Through the side-by-side comparison, [64Cu]Cu-4b was identified as the lead agent for further evaluation based on its high and sustained tumor uptake and moderate liver uptake. It can not only be used to efficiently detect NTSR1 expression in lung cancer (for diagnosis, patient screening, and treatment monitoring), but also has the great potential to treat NTSR-positive lesions once chelating to the beta emitter 67Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina , 27599, USA.
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, Nuclear Medicine Clinical Transformation Center, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Xinrui Ma
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina , 27599, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, North Carolina State University, NC 27599, USA
| | - Muyun Xu
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina , 27599, USA
| | - Jinghua Cai
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina , 27599, USA
| | - Jianhua Cai
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina , 27599, USA
| | - Yanguang Cao
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, Nuclear Medicine Clinical Transformation Center, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xin Ji
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, Nuclear Medicine Clinical Transformation Center, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jian He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - German Oscar Fonseca Cabrera
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina , 27599, USA
| | - Xuedan Wu
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina , 27599, USA
| | - Weiling Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina , 27599, USA
| | - Zhanhong Wu
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina , 27599, USA
| | - Jin Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, 302 East Campus Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - Zibo Li
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina , 27599, USA.
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Moody TW, Ramos-Alvarez I, Jensen RT. Peptide G-Protein-Coupled Receptors and ErbB Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Cancer. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:957. [PMID: 37508387 PMCID: PMC10376828 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The ErbB RTKs (EGFR, HER2, HER3, and HER4) have been well-studied in cancer. EGFR, HER2, and HER3 stimulate cancer proliferation, principally by activating the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways, resulting in increased cancer cell survival and proliferation. Cancer cells have high densities of the EGFR, HER2, and HER3 causing phosphorylation of tyrosine amino acids on protein substrates and tyrosine amino acids near the C-terminal of the RTKs. After transforming growth factor (TGF) α binds to the EGFR, homodimers or EGFR heterodimers form. HER2 forms heterodimers with the EGFR, HER3, and HER4. The EGFR, HER2, and HER3 are overexpressed in lung cancer patient tumors, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), such as Herceptin against HER2, are used to treat breast cancer patients. Patients with EGFR mutations are treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as gefitinib or osimertinib. Peptide GPCRs, such as NTSR1, are present in many cancers, and neurotensin (NTS) stimulates the growth of cancer cells. Lung cancer proliferation is impaired by SR48692, an NTSR1 antagonist. SR48692 is synergistic with gefitinib at inhibiting lung cancer growth. Adding NTS to lung cancer cells increases the shedding of TGFα, which activates the EGFR, or neuregulin-1, which activates HER3. The transactivation process is impaired by SRC, matrix metalloprotease, and reactive oxygen species inhibitors. While the transactivation process is complicated, it is fast and occurs within minutes after adding NTS to cancer cells. This review emphasizes the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and SR48692 to impair transactivation and cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W Moody
- Center for Cancer Training, NCI, and Digestive Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Irene Ramos-Alvarez
- Center for Cancer Training, NCI, and Digestive Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert T Jensen
- Center for Cancer Training, NCI, and Digestive Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Rodríguez FD, Sánchez ML, Coveñas R. Neurotensin and Alcohol Use Disorders: Towards a Pharmacological Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108656. [PMID: 37240004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Harmful alcohol use is responsible for a group of disorders collectively named alcohol use disorders (AUDs), according to the DSM-5 classification. The damage induced by alcohol depends on the amount, time, and consumption patterns (continuous and heavy episodic drinking). It affects individual global well-being and social and familial environments with variable impact. Alcohol addiction manifests with different degrees of organ and mental health detriment for the individual, exhibiting two main traits: compulsive drinking and negative emotional states occurring at withdrawal, frequently causing relapse episodes. Numerous individual and living conditions, including the concomitant use of other psychoactive substances, lie in the complexity of AUD. Ethanol and its metabolites directly impact the tissues and may cause local damage or alter the homeostasis of brain neurotransmission, immunity scaffolding, or cell repair biochemical pathways. Brain modulator and neurotransmitter-assembled neurocircuitries govern reward, reinforcement, social interaction, and consumption of alcohol behaviors in an intertwined manner. Experimental evidence supports the participation of neurotensin (NT) in preclinical models of alcohol addiction. For example, NT neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala projecting to the parabrachial nucleus strengthen alcohol consumption and preference. In addition, the levels of NT in the frontal cortex were found to be lower in rats bred to prefer alcohol to water in a free alcohol-water choice compared to wild-type animals. NT receptors 1 and 2 seem to be involved in alcohol consumption and alcohol effects in several models of knockout mice. This review aims to present an updated picture of the role of NT systems in alcohol addiction and the possible use of nonpeptide ligands modulating the activity of the NT system, applied to experimental animal models of harmful drinking behavior mimicking alcohol addiction leading to health ruin in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco D Rodríguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Group GIR-USAL: BMD (Bases Moleculares del Desarrollo), University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel Lisardo Sánchez
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, C/Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rafael Coveñas
- Group GIR-USAL: BMD (Bases Moleculares del Desarrollo), University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, C/Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Moody TW, Ramos-Alvarez I, Jensen RT. Adding of neurotensin to non-small cell lung cancer cells increases tyrosine phosphorylation of HER3. Peptides 2022; 156:170858. [PMID: 35932909 PMCID: PMC9529830 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurotensin (NTS) receptor 1 regulates the growth non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. NTS binds with high affinity to NTSR1, leading to increased tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR and HER2. Using Calu3, NCI-H358, or NCI-H441 cells, the effects of NTS on HER3 transactivation were investigated. HER3 tyrosine phosphorylation was increased by NTS or neuregulin (NRG1) addition to NSCLC cells. NCI-H358, NCI-H441, and Calu-3 cells have HER3, NTSR1 and neuregulin (NRG)1 protein. NTSR1 regulation of HER3 transactivation was impaired by SR48692 (NTSR1 antagonist) or monoclonal antibody (mAb)3481 (HER3 blocker). Immunoprecipitation experiments indicated that NTS addition to NCI-H441cells resulted in the formation of EGFR/HER3 and HER2/HER3 heterodimers. The ability of NTS to increase HER3 tyrosine phosphorylation was impaired by GM6001 (MMP inhibitor), PP2 (Src inhibitor), Tiron (superoxide scavenger), or N-acetylcysteine (antioxidant). Adding NTS to NSCLC cells increased phosphorylation of ERK, HER3, and AKT. NTS or NRG1 increased colony formation of NSCLC cells which was strongly inhibited by SR48692 and mAb3481. The results indicate that NTSR1 regulates HER3 transactivation in NSCLC cells leading to increased proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W Moody
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Training, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Irene Ramos-Alvarez
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Robert T Jensen
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
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Feitosa MF, Wojczynski MK, Anema JA, Daw EW, Wang L, Santanasto AJ, Nygaard M, Province MA. Genetic pleiotropy between pulmonary function and age-related traits: The Long Life Family Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 79:glac046. [PMID: 35180297 PMCID: PMC10873520 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary function (PF) progressively declines with aging. Forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) are predictors of morbidity of pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality. In addition, reduced PF is associated with elevated chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, glucose metabolism, body fatness, and low muscle strength. It may suggest pleiotropic genetic effects between PF with these age-related factors. METHODS We evaluated whether FEV1 and FVC share common pleiotropic genetic effects factors with interleukin-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, body mass index, muscle (grip) strength, plasma glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin in 3,888 individuals (age range: 26-106). We employed sex-combined and sex-specific correlated meta-analyses to test whether combining genome-wide association p-values from two or more traits enhances the ability to detect variants sharing effects on these correlated traits. RESULTS We identified 32 loci for PF, including 29 novel pleiotropic loci associated with pulmonary function and (i) body fatness (CYP2U1/SGMS2), (ii) glucose metabolism (CBWD1/DOCK8 and MMUT/CENPQ), (iii) inflammatory markers (GLRA3/HPGD, TRIM9, CALN1, CTNNB1/ZNF621, GATA5/SLCO4A1/NTSR1, and NPVF/C7orf31/CYCS), and (iv) muscle strength (MAL2, AC008825.1/LINC02103, AL136418.1). CONCLUSIONS The identified genes/loci for PF and age-related traits suggest their underlying shared genetic effects, which can explain part of their phenotypic correlations. Integration of gene expression and genomic annotation data shows enrichment of our genetic variants in lung, blood, adipose, pancreas, and muscles, among others. Our findings highlight the critical roles of identified gene/locus in systemic inflammation, glucose metabolism, strength performance, PF, and pulmonary disease, which are involved in accelerated biological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jason A Anema
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - E Warwick Daw
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Adam J Santanasto
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marianne Nygaard
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Sánchez ML, Coveñas R. The Neurotensinergic System: A Target for Cancer Treatment. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:3231-3260. [PMID: 34711154 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666211027124328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The scientific interest regarding the involvement of peptides in cancer has increased in the last years. In tumor cells the overexpression of peptides and their receptors is known and new therapeutic targets for the treatment of cancer have been suggested. The overexpression of the neurotensinergic system has been associated with poor prognosis, tumor size, higher tumor aggressiveness, increased relapse risk and worse sensitivity to chemotherapy agents. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to update the findings regarding the involvement of the neurotensinergic system in cancer to suggest anticancer therapeutic strategies targeting this system. The neurotensin (NT) precursor, NT and its receptors (NTR) and the involvement of the neurotensinergic system in lung, breast, prostate, gastric, colon, liver and pancreatic cancers, glioblastoma, neuroendocrine tumors and B-cell leukemia will be mentioned and discussed as well as the signaling pathways mediated by NT. Some research lines to be developed in the future will be suggested such as: molecules regulating the expression of the NT precursor, influence of the diet in the development of tumors, molecules and signaling pathways activated by NT and antitumor therapeutic strategies targeting the neurotensinergic system. CONCLUSION NT, via the NTR, exerts oncogenic (tumor cell proliferation, invasion, migration, angiogenesis) and antiapoptotic effects, whereas NTR antagonists inhibit these effects. NTR expression can be used as a diagnostic tool/therapeutic target and the administration of NTR antagonists as antitumor drugs could be a therapeutic strategy to treat tumors overexpressing NTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Lisardo Sánchez
- University of Salamanca, Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems (Lab. 14), Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCYL), Salamanca. Spain
| | - Rafael Coveñas
- University of Salamanca, Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems (Lab. 14), Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCYL), Salamanca. Spain
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Expression of neurotensin receptor-1 (NTS 1) in primary breast tumors, cellular distribution, and association with clinical and biological factors. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 190:403-413. [PMID: 34596798 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06402-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neurotensin receptor-1 (NTS1) is increasingly recognized as a potential target in diverse tumors including breast cancer, but factors associated with NTS1 expression have not been fully clarified. METHODS We studied NTS1 expression using the Tissue MicroArray (TMA) of primary breast tumors from Institut Bergonié. We also studied association between NTS1 expression and clinical, pathological, and biological parameters, as well as patient outcomes. RESULTS Out of 1419 primary breast tumors, moderate to strong positivity for NTS1 (≥ 10% of tumoral cells stained) was seen in 459 samples (32.4%). NTS1 staining was cytoplasmic in 304 tumors and nuclear in 155 tumors, a distribution which appeared mutually exclusive. Cytoplasmic overexpression of NTS1 was present in 21.5% of all breast tumors. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with cytoplasmic overexpression of NTS1 in breast cancer samples were higher tumor grade, Ki67 ≥ 20%, and higher pT stage. Cytoplasmic NTS1 was more frequent in tumors other than luminal A (30% versus 17.3%; p < 0.0001). Contrastingly, the main "correlates" of a nuclear location of NTS1 were estrogen receptor (ER) positivity, low E&E (Elston and Ellis) grade, Ki67 < 20%, and lower pT stage. In NTS1-positive samples, cytoplasmic expression of NTS1 was associated with shorter 10-year metastasis-free interval (p = 0.033) compared to NTS1 nuclear staining. Ancillary analysis showed NTS1 expression in 73% of invaded lymph nodes from NTS1-positive primaries. CONCLUSION NTS1 overexpression was found in about one-third of breast tumors from patients undergoing primary surgery with two distinct patterns of distribution, cytoplasmic distribution being more frequent in aggressive subtypes. These findings encourage the development of NTS1-targeting strategy, including radiopharmaceuticals for imaging and therapy.
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Obesity-related gut hormones and cancer: novel insight into the pathophysiology. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:1886-1898. [PMID: 34088971 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00865-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The number of cancers attributed to obesity is increasing over time. The mechanisms classically implicated in cancer pathogenesis and progression in patients with obesity involve adiposity-related alteration of insulin, sex hormones, and adipokine pathways. However, they do not fully capture the complexity of the association between obesity-related nutritional imbalance and cancer. Gut hormones are secreted by enteroendocrine cells along the gastrointestinal tract in response to nutritional cues, and act as nutrient sensors, regulating eating behavior and energy homeostasis and playing a role in immune-modulation. The dysregulation of gastrointestinal hormone physiology has been implicated in obesity pathogenesis. For their peculiar function, at the cross-road between nutrients intake, energy homeostasis and inflammation, gut hormones might represent an important but still underestimated mechanism underling the obesity-related high incidence of cancer. In addition, cancer research has revealed the widespread expression of gut hormone receptors in neoplastic tissues, underscoring their implication in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion processes that characterize tumor growth and aggressiveness. In this review, we hypothesize that obesity-related alterations in gut hormones might be implicated in cancer pathogenesis, and provide evidence of the pathways potentially involved.
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Campbell GE, Bender HR, Parker GA, Curry TE, Duffy DM. Neurotensin: A novel mediator of ovulation? FASEB J 2021; 35:e21481. [PMID: 33710668 PMCID: PMC8314182 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002547rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The midcycle luteinizing hormone (LH) surge initiates a cascade of events within the ovarian follicle which culminates in ovulation. Only mural granulosa cells and theca cells express large numbers of LH receptors, and LH-stimulated paracrine mediators communicate the ovulatory signal within the follicle. Recent reports identified the neuropeptide neurotensin (NTS) as a product of granulosa cells. Here, we demonstrate that granulosa cells were the primary site of NTS expression in macaque ovulatory follicles. Granulosa cell NTS mRNA and protein increased after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration, which substitutes for the LH surge. To identify ovulatory actions of NTS, a NTS-neutralizing antibody was injected into preovulatory macaque follicles. hCG administration immediately followed, and ovaries were removed 48 hours later to evaluate ovulatory events. Follicles injected with control IgG ovulated normally. In contrast, 75% of NTS antibody-injected follicles failed to ovulate, containing oocytes trapped within unruptured, hemorrhagic follicles. Serum progesterone was unchanged. Of the three NTS receptors, SORT1 was highly expressed in follicular granulosa, theca, and endothelial cells; NTSR1 and NTSR2 were expressed at lower levels. Excessive blood cells in NTS antibody-injected follicles indicated vascular anomalies, so the response of monkey ovarian endothelial cells to NTS was evaluated in vitro. NTS stimulated endothelial cell migration and capillary sprout formation, consistent with a role for NTS in vascular remodeling associated with ovulation. In summary, we identified NTS as a possible paracrine mediator of ovulation. Further investigation of the NTS synthesis/response pathway may lead to improved treatments for infertility and novel targets for contraception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve E. Campbell
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Hannah R. Bender
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Grace A. Parker
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Thomas E. Curry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Diane M. Duffy
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
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Al-Alem L, Puttabyatappa M, Shrestha K, Choi Y, Rosewell K, Brännström M, Akin J, Jo M, Duffy DM, Curry TE. Neurotensin: a neuropeptide induced by hCG in the human and rat ovary during the periovulatory period†. Biol Reprod 2021; 104:1337-1346. [PMID: 33682882 PMCID: PMC8485077 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotensin (NTS) is a tridecapeptide that was first characterized as a neurotransmitter in neuronal cells. The present study examined ovarian NTS expression across the periovulatory period in the human and the rat. Women were recruited into this study and monitored by transvaginal ultrasound. The dominant follicle was surgically excised prior to the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge (preovulatory phase) or women were given 250 μg human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and dominant follicles collected 12-18 h after hCG (early ovulatory), 18-34 h (late ovulatory), and 44-70 h (postovulatory). NTS mRNA was massively induced during the early and late ovulatory stage in granulosa cells (GCs) (15 000 fold) and theca cells (700 fold). In the rat, hCG also induced Nts mRNA expression in intact ovaries and isolated GCs. In cultured granulosa-luteal cells (GLCs) from IVF patients, NTS expression was induced 6 h after hCG treatment, whereas in cultured rat GCs, NTS increased 4 h after hCG treatment. Cells treated with hCG signaling pathway inhibitors revealed that NTS expression is partially regulated in the human and rat GC by the epidermal-like growth factor pathway. Human GLC, and rat GCs also showed that Nts was regulated by the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway along with input from the phosphotidylinositol 3- kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. The predominat NTS receptor present in human and rat GCs was SORT1, whereas NTSR1 and NTSR2 expression was very low. Based on NTS actions in other systems, we speculate that NTS may regulate crucial aspects of ovulation such as vascular permeability, inflammation, and cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linah Al-Alem
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Muraly Puttabyatappa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ketan Shrestha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Yohan Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kathy Rosewell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Mats Brännström
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden,Stockholm IVF, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - James Akin
- Bluegrass Fertility Center, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Misung Jo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Diane M Duffy
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Thomas E Curry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA,Correspondence: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chandler Medical Center, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street,Room MS 331, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA. E-mail:
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11
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Moody TW, Ramos-Alvarez I, Jensen RT. Bombesin, endothelin, neurotensin and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide cause tyrosine phosphorylation of receptor tyrosine kinases. Peptides 2021; 137:170480. [PMID: 33385499 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Numerous peptides including bombesin (BB), endothelin (ET), neurotensin (NTS) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) are growth factors for lung cancer cells. The peptides bind to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) resulting in elevated cAMP and/or phosphatidylinositol (PI) turnover. In contrast, growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) or neuregulin (NRG)-1 bind to receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) such as the EGFR or HER3, increasing tyrosine kinase activity, resulting in the phosphorylation of protein substrates such as PI3K or phospholipase (PL)C. Peptide GPCRs can transactivate numerous RTKs, especially members of the EGFR/HER family resulting in increased phosphorylation of ERK, leading to cellular proliferation or increased phosphorylation of AKT, leading to cellular survival. GRCR antagonists and tyrosine kinase inhibitors are useful agents to prevent RTK transactivation and inhibit proliferation of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W Moody
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Training, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Irene Ramos-Alvarez
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892 USA
| | - Robert T Jensen
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892 USA
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12
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A Prognostic 14-Gene Expression Signature for Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Study Based on TCGA Data Mining. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8847226. [PMID: 33414898 PMCID: PMC7769675 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8847226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), a major and fatal subtype of lung cancer, caused lots of mortalities and showed different outcomes in prognosis. This study was to assess key genes and to develop a prognostic signature for the patient therapy with LUAD. Method RNA expression profile and clinical data from 522 LUAD patients were accessed and downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were extracted and analyzed between normal tissues and LUAD samples. Then, a 14-DEG signature was developed and identified for the survival prediction in LUAD patients by means of univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed to predict the potential biological functions and pathways of these DEGs. Results Twenty-two out of 5924 DEGs in the TCGA dataset were screened and associated with the overall survival (OS) of LUAD patients. 14CID="C008" value=" "DEGs were finally selected and included in our development and validation model by risk score analysis. The ROC analysis indicated that the specificity and sensitivity of this profile signature were high. Further functional enrichment analyses indicated that these DEGs might regulate genes that affect the function of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol and pathways that associated with vibrio cholerae infection. Conclusion Our study developed a novel 14-DEG signature providing more efficient and persuasive prognostic information beyond conventional clinicopathological factors for survival prediction of LUAD patients.
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13
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Hafeez U, Parslow AC, Gan HK, Scott AM. New insights into ErbB3 function and therapeutic targeting in cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2020; 20:1057-1074. [PMID: 32981377 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2020.1829485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The importance of ErbB3 receptor tyrosine kinase in cancer progression, primary and acquired drug resistance, has become steadily evident since its discovery in 1989. ErbB3 overexpression in various solid organ malignancies is associated with shorter survival of patients. However, initial strategies to therapeutically target ErbB3 have not been rewarding. AREAS COVERED Here, we provide an overview of ErbB3 biology in carcinogenesis. We outline the role of ErbB3 as a critical pathway for resistance to other anti-cancer drugs. We focus on emerging clinical data, which will steer the potential future development of ErbB3 directed therapies. EXPERT OPINION Initial approaches to ErbB3 targeting have been challenging. However, the lack of success of anti-ErbB3 therapies in ongoing clinical trials may relate more to the complex biology of the receptor and challenges with the biomarkers used to date. Furthermore, it seems certain that the expression of the receptor per se is necessary but not sufficient for the response to ErbB3 therapies. Emerging data suggest that more sophisticated biomarkers are needed. Nonetheless, it is also likely that ErbB3 therapies may have the most efficacy in combination therapy, and their favorable toxicity profile makes this feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umbreen Hafeez
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Health , Melbourne, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adam C Parslow
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hui K Gan
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Health , Melbourne, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew M Scott
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health , Melbourne, Australia
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14
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Sui Q, Liang J, Hu Z, Chen Z, Bi G, Huang Y, Li M, Zhan C, Lin Z, Wang Q. Genetic and microenvironmental differences in non-smoking lung adenocarcinoma patients compared with smoking patients. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2020; 9:1407-1421. [PMID: 32953513 PMCID: PMC7481643 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Non-smoking-related lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has its own characteristics. Genetic and microenvironmental differences in smoking and non-smoking LUAD patients were analyzed to elucidate the oncogenesis of non-smoking-related LUAD, which will improve our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanism and be of clinical use in the future. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were used for clinical and genomic information. Various bioinformatics tools were used to analyze differences in somatic mutations, RNA and microRNA (miRNA) expression, immune infiltration, and stemness indices. GO, KEGG, and GSVA analyses were performed with R. A merged protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and analyzed. A miRNA-differentially expressed gene network was constructed with miRNet. qRT-PCR was used for validation of 4 most significantly differently expressed genes and 2 miRNAs in tumor samples obtained from 20 pairs of non-smoking and smoking patients. Results Five hundred and one patients with LUAD were obtained, including 210 in the non-smoking group and 292 in the smoking group. A total of 174 significantly altered somatic mutations were detected, including mutations in tumor protein p53 and epidermal growth factor receptor, which were downregulated in non-smoking-related LUAD. At the RNA level, 231 significantly differentially expressed genes were obtained; 124 were upregulated and 107 downregulated in the non-smoking group. GSVA analysis revealed 42 significant pathways. Other functional and enrichment analyses of somatic mutations and RNA expression levels revealed that these genes were significantly enriched in receptor activity regulation and receptor binding. Differences in microenvironments including immune infiltration (e.g., CD8+ T cells and resting mast cells) and stemness indices were also found between groups. A 79-pair interaction was found between differentially expressed genes and miRNAs, of which miR-335-5p and miR-34a-5p were located in the center. Twenty-one genes, including vitronectin, neurotensin, and neuronatin, were differentially expressed in both non-smoking LUAD patients and DMSO-treated A549 cells. And the different expression of neurotensin, neuronatin, trefoil factor family2, regenerating family member 4, miR-377-5p, miR-34a were verified with the same tendency in our own samples. Conclusions Non-smoking LUAD patients, compared to smokers, have different characteristics in terms of somatic mutation, gene, and miRNA expression and the microenvironment, indicating a diverse mechanism of oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihai Sui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Eight-Year Program Clinical Medicine, Grade of 2016, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyang Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhencong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoshu Bi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongwu Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Prieto M, Bobbio A, Fournel L, Icard P, Canny EH, Mansuet Lupo A, Leroy K, Wislez M, Damotte D, Alifano M. [Surgical management of resectable non-small cell lung cancer: Towards new paradigms]. Bull Cancer 2020; 107:904-911. [PMID: 32674934 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Adapting therapies and providing personalized care for patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer represent major challenges. This involves integrating several parameters into the patient's management, not only crude pathologic results, but also a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in tumor progression. Many studies have looked at the impact of host and tumor characteristics and their interactions through inflammatory processes or tumor immune environment. Beyond tumor stage, poor nutrition, sarcopenia and inflammatory state have been identified as independent factors that can directly impact postoperative outcome. The development of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS), in which patient becomes the main player in their own management, seems to be an interesting answer since it seems to allow a reduction in postoperative complications, length of stay and indirectly reduction in costs. A broader and more complete vision including morphometric evaluation of the patient, physical performances, inflammatory state and nutritional state would provide additional discriminating information which can predict postoperative outcome and help in adapting therapies in a personalized way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Prieto
- AP-HP Centre, UNIVERSITE de Paris, hôpital Cochin, service de chirurgie thoracique, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Antonio Bobbio
- AP-HP Centre, UNIVERSITE de Paris, hôpital Cochin, service de chirurgie thoracique, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Fournel
- AP-HP Centre, UNIVERSITE de Paris, hôpital Cochin, service de chirurgie thoracique, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Icard
- AP-HP Centre, UNIVERSITE de Paris, hôpital Cochin, service de chirurgie thoracique, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Emelyne Hamelin Canny
- AP-HP Centre, UNIVERSITE de Paris, hôpital Cochin, service de chirurgie thoracique, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Audrey Mansuet Lupo
- AP-HP Centre, université de Paris, hôpital Cochin, service de pathologie, Paris, France
| | - Karen Leroy
- AP-HP Centre, université de Paris, hôpital Cochin, service de génétique et biologie moléculaire, Paris, France
| | - Marie Wislez
- AP-HP Centre, université de Paris, hôpital Cochin, service de pneumologie, Paris, France
| | - Diane Damotte
- AP-HP Centre, université de Paris, hôpital Cochin, service de pathologie, Paris, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- AP-HP Centre, UNIVERSITE de Paris, hôpital Cochin, service de chirurgie thoracique, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France.
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16
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Nikolaou S, Qiu S, Fiorentino F, Simillis C, Rasheed S, Tekkis P, Kontovounisios C. The role of Neurotensin and its receptors in non-gastrointestinal cancers: a review. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:68. [PMID: 32336282 PMCID: PMC7183616 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00569-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neurotensin, originally isolated in 1973 has both endocrine and neuromodulator activity and acts through its three main receptors. Their role in promoting tumour cell proliferation, migration, DNA synthesis has been studied in a wide range of cancers. Expression of Neurotensin and its receptors has also been correlated to prognosis and prediction to treatment. Main body The effects of NT are mediated through mitogen-activated protein kinases, epidermal growth factor receptors and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases amongst others. This review is a comprehensive summary of the molecular pathways by which Neurotensin and its receptors act in cancer cells. Conclusion Identifying the role of Neurotensin in the underlying molecular mechanisms in various cancers can give way to developing new agnostic drugs and personalizing treatment according to the genomic structure of various cancers. Video abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Nikolaou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Campus, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Shengyang Qiu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Campus, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Francesca Fiorentino
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Campus, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Constantinos Simillis
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Shahnawaz Rasheed
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Campus, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Paris Tekkis
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Campus, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Christos Kontovounisios
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. .,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK. .,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Campus, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK.
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17
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Feng H, Zhang H, Wang M, Vannam R, Wang H, Yan X, Ouyang W, Jia X, Fox JM, Li Z. Improving Tumor-to-Background Contrast through Hydrophilic Tetrazines: The Construction of 18 F-Labeled PET Agents Targeting Nonsmall Cell Lung Carcinoma. Chemistry 2020; 26:4690-4694. [PMID: 32030822 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal reactions have been widely used in the biomedical field. 18 F-TCO/Tetrazine ligation is the most reactive radiolabelled inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction, but its application had been limited due to modest contrast ratios of the resulting conjugates. Herein, we describe the use of hydrophilic tetrazines to improve tumor-to-background contrast of neurotensin receptor targeted PET agents. PET agents were constructed using a rapid Diels-Alder reaction of the radiolabeled trans-cyclooctene (18 F-sTCO) with neurotensin (NT) conjugates of a 3,6-diaryltetrazine, 3-methyl-6-aryltetrazine, and a derivative of 3,6-di(2-hydroxyethyl)tetrazine. Although cell binding assays demonstrated all agents have comparable binding affinity, the conjugate derived from 3,6-di(2-hydroxyethyl)tetrazine demonstrated the highest tumor to muscle contrast, followed by conjugates of the 3-methyl-6-aryltetrazine and 3,6-diaryltetrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Feng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, P. R. China.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA
| | - Mengzhe Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Raghu Vannam
- Brown Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Xuefeng Yan
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Wei Ouyang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, P. R. China
| | - Xinqiao Jia
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA
| | - Joseph M Fox
- Brown Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA
| | - Zibo Li
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
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18
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Lee L, Ramos-Alvarez I, Moody TW, Mantey SA, Jensen RT. Neuropeptide bombesin receptor activation stimulates growth of lung cancer cells through HER3 with a MAPK-dependent mechanism. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1867:118625. [PMID: 31862538 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), prognosis still remains poor and new therapeutic approaches are needed. Studies demonstrate the importance of the EGFR/HER-receptor family in NSCLC growth, as well as that of other tumors. Recently, HER3 is receiving increased attention because of its role in drug resistance and aggressive growth. Activation of overexpressed G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) can also initiate growth by transactivating EGFR/HER-family members. GPCR transactivation of EGFR has been extensively studied, but little is known of its ability to transactivate other EGFR/HER-members, especially HER3. To address this, we studied the ability of bombesin receptor (BnR) activation to transactivate all EGFR/HER-family members and their principal downstream signaling cascades, the PI3K/Akt- and MAPK/ERK-pathways, in human NSCLC cell-lines. In all three cell-lines studied, which possessed EGFR, HER2 and HER3, Bn rapidly transactivated EGFR, HER2 and HER3, as well as Akt and ERK. Immunoprecipitation studies revealed Bn-induced formation of both HER3/EGFR- and HER3/HER2-heterodimers. Specific EGFR/HER3 antibodies or siRNA-knockdown of EGFR and HER3, demonstrated Bn-stimulated activation of EGFR/HER members is initially through HER3, not EGFR. In addition, specific inhibition of HER3, HER2 or MAPK, abolished Bn-stimulated cell-growth, while neither EGFR nor Akt inhibition had an effect. These results show HER3 transactivation mediates all growth effects of BnR activation through MAPK. These results raise the possibility that targeting HER3 alone or with GPCR activation and its signal cascades, may be a novel therapeutic approach in NSCLC. This is especially relevant with the recent development of HER3-blocking antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingaku Lee
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Irene Ramos-Alvarez
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Terry W Moody
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Office of the Director, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Samuel A Mantey
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert T Jensen
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Moody TW, Lee L, Ramos-Alvarez I, Jensen RT. Neurotensin receptors regulate transactivation of the EGFR and HER2 in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 865:172735. [PMID: 31614143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurotensin is a 13 amino acid peptide which is present in many lung cancer cell lines. Neurotensin binds with high affinity to the neurotensin receptor 1, and functions as an autocrine growth factor in lung cancer cells. Neurotensin increases tyrosine phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the neurotensin receptor 1 antagonist SR48692 blocks the transactivation of the EGFR. Here the effects of reactive oxygen species on the transactivation of the EGFR and HER2 were investigated. Using non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, neurotensin receptor 1 mRNA and protein were present. Using NCI-H838 cells, neurotensin or neurotensin8-13 but not neurotensin1-8 increased EGFR, ERK and HER2 tyrosine phosphorylation which was blocked by SR48692. Neurotensin addition to NCI-H838 cells increased significantly reactive oxygen species which was inhibited by SR48692, Tiron (superoxide scavenger) and diphenylene iodonium (DPI inhibits the ability of NADPH oxidase and dual oxidase enzymes to produce reactive oxygen species). Tiron or DPI impaired the ability of neurotensin to increase EGFR, ERK and HER2 tyrosine phosphorylation. Neurotensin stimulated NSCLC cellular proliferation whereas the growth was inhibited by SR48692, DPI or lapatinib (lapatinib is tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the EGFR and HER2). Lapatinib inhibited the ability of the neurotensin receptor 1 to transactivate the EGFR and HER2. The results indicate that neurotensin receptor 1 regulates the transactivation of the EGFR and HER2 in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W Moody
- National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Lingaku Lee
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Irene Ramos-Alvarez
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Robert T Jensen
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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20
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Wu Q, Cao R, Chen J, Xie X. Screening and identification of biomarkers associated with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:3579-3587. [PMID: 31608128 PMCID: PMC6778814 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major type of malignant tumor of the oral cavity. Despite marked advances in the management and diagnosis of OSCC, the associated overall survival ratio has only exhibited a modest increase in recent years. The present study aimed to identify potential crucial genes associated with clinical features and prognosis for OSCC, and to provide a basis for further investigation. RNA-sequencing data and corresponding clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were identified using the edgeR package. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed clinical features-associated mRNAs (CFmRNAs) and enhance the current knowledge of the function of them. Functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interplay (PPI) network analysis were then performed to better understand CFmRNAs. Survival-associated genes were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier survival curves and the log-rank test. A total of 2,013 DEmRNAs between OSCC samples and normal tissues were identified, 180 of which were associated with clinical features. A total of 17 GO terms and 4 KEGG pathways were significantly enriched in functional enrichment analysis. A total of 4 hub genes (albumin, statherin, neurotensin and mucin 7) were identified in the PPI network analysis. A total of 6 genes (DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 4 like 2, opiorphin prepropeptide, R3H domain containing like, transmembrane phosphatase with tensin homology, actin like 8 and protocadherin α 11) were observed to have an influence on survival. The DEmRNAs identified may have a crucial role in the genesis and development of OSCC and may be further developed for diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic applications for OSCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Wu
- Department of Endodontics, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P.R. China
| | - Ruoyan Cao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P.R. China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Xie
- Department of Endodontics, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P.R. China
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21
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Tokumoto H, Setoguchi T, Saitoh Y, Sasaki H, Nagano S, Maeda S, Tanimoto A, Taniguchi N. Neurotensin receptor 1 is a new therapeutic target for human undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma growth. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:2230-2240. [PMID: 31478563 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is the second most common soft tissue sarcoma. For patients with unresectable or metastatic disease, chemotherapies are considered, but in many cases they are not curative. There is a need to identify specific molecular dysregulations that can be therapeutic targets. We focused on neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1), which belongs to the G-protein-coupled receptor. NTSR1 expression was upregulated in specimens from patients with UPS. Real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that expression of NTSR1 messenger RNA was 5- to 7-fold increased in UPS cells compared with myoblasts. Western blot showed a high expression of NTSR1 protein in UPS cell lines. Knockdown of NTSR1 prevented UPS cell proliferation and invasion. We confirmed that SR48692, an inhibitor of NTSR1, exhibited antitumor activities in UPS cells. The combination index showed that SR48692 and standard chemotherapeutic drugs prevented UPS cell proliferation synergistically. Mouse xenograft models showed that SR48692 inhibited extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation and enhanced the response to standard chemotherapeutic drugs. Inhibition of NTSR1 improved the effect of standard chemotherapeutic drugs for UPS. SR48692 may be a new drug for targeted UPS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Tokumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takao Setoguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Kagoshima Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Saitoh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nagano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shingo Maeda
- Department of Medical Joint Materials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihide Tanimoto
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Noboru Taniguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Medical Joint Materials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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22
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Riehle KJ, Kenerson HL, Riggle KM, Turnham R, Sullivan K, Bauer R, Scott JD, Yeung RS. Neurotensin as a source of cyclic AMP and co-mitogen in fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5092-5102. [PMID: 31489118 PMCID: PMC6707953 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinomas (FL-HCCs) possess a unique mutation that encodes a chimeric form of protein kinase A (DNAJ-PKAc), which includes a chaperonin binding domain. DNAJ-PKAc retains most of the biochemical properties of the native enzyme, however, and activity remains dependent on cAMP. We thus speculated that a persistent source of cAMP is necessary to promote FL-HCC carcinogenesis, and that neurotensin (NTS) may drive cAMP production in this setting, given that NS serum and tumor levels are elevated in many patients with FL-HCC. We examined expression of NTS pathway components in human FL-HCCs and paired normal livers, and determined the role of NTS in driving proliferation in tumor slice cultures. Cultured hepatocytes were used to determine interactions between NTS and other proliferative pathways, and to determine the effects of NTS on cAMP production and PKA activity. We found that the NTS pathway is up-regulated in human FL-HCCs, and that NTS activates cAMP and PKA in hepatocytes. NTS increases proliferation in the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF), and NTS-induced proliferation is dependent on NTSR1 and the EGFR/MEK pathway. We conclude that NTS serves as a co-mitogen in FL-HCC, and provides a source of cAMP to facilitate ongoing activation of DNAJ-PKAc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heidi L Kenerson
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kevin M Riggle
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rigney Turnham
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kevin Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Renay Bauer
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John D Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Raymond S Yeung
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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23
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Cisplatin increases PD-L1 expression and optimizes immune check-point blockade in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2019; 464:5-14. [PMID: 31404614 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The number of clinical protocols testing combined therapies including immune check-point inhibitors and platinum salts is currently increasing in lung cancer treatment, however preclinical studies and rationale are often lacking. Here, we evaluated the impact of cisplatin treatment on PD-L1 expression analyzing the clinicopathological characteristics of patients who received cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery and showed that cisplatin-based induction treatment significantly increased PD-L1 staining in both tumor and immune cells from the microenvironment. Twenty-two patients exhibited positive PD-L1 staining variation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy; including 9 (23.1%) patients switching from <50% to ≥50% of stained tumor-cells. We also confirmed the up-regulation of PD-L1 by cisplatin, at both RNA and protein levels, in nude and immunocompetent mice bearing tumors grafted with A549, LNM-R, or LLC1 lung cancer cell lines. The combined administration of anti-PD-L1 antibodies (3 mg/kg) and cisplatin (1 mg/kg) to mice harboring lung carcinoma significantly reduced tumor growth compared to single agent treatments and controls. Overall, these results suggest that cisplatin treatment could synergize with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade to increase the clinical response, in particular through early and sustainable enhancement of PD-L1 expression.
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24
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Meister KS, Godse NR, Khan NI, Hedberg ML, Kemp C, Kulkarni S, Alvarado D, LaVallee T, Kim S, Grandis JR, Duvvuri U. HER3 targeting potentiates growth suppressive effects of the PI3K inhibitor BYL719 in pre-clinical models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9130. [PMID: 31235758 PMCID: PMC6591241 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45589-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BYL719 is a PI3K inhibitor that has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. BYL719 exerts its therapeutic effect by suppressing AKT and other proliferative signaling mechanisms. Despite PI3K inhibition and AKT suppression, residual activity of protein S6, a core marker of proliferative activation, has been observed. HER3, either via dimerization or activation by its ligand neurgeulin (NRG), is known to activate PI3K. Thus, we hypothesized that co-targeting HER3 and PI3K would lead to greater suppression of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and greater tumor suppression than with BYL719 alone. We investigated biochemical expression and activation of the HER3-PI3K-AKT-S6 pathway in HNSCC cell lines and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). Antitumor effects of HER3 and PI3K inhibitors alone and in combination were evaluated in cell culture and murine models. Treatment of HNSCC cell lines with BYL719 significantly reduced AKT activation and suppressed tumor growth. However, S6 was persistently activated despite suppression of AKT. Combination treatment with KTN3379, a monoclonal antibody targeted against HER3, and BYL719 led to enhanced suppression of in vitro and in vivo cancer growth and durable suppression of AKT and S6. Therefore, inhibition of HER3 with KTN3379 enhanced the effects of PI3K inhibition in pre-clinical HNSCC models. These data support co-targeting HER3 and PI3K for the treatment of HSNCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara S Meister
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Suite 500, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Neal R Godse
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Suite 500, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Nayel I Khan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Suite 500, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Matthew L Hedberg
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Suite 500, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Carolyn Kemp
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Suite 500, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Sucheta Kulkarni
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Suite 500, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | | | | | - Seungwon Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Suite 500, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jennifer R Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Umamaheswar Duvvuri
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Suite 500, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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25
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Joshi H, Vastrad B, Vastrad C. Identification of Important Invasion-Related Genes in Non-functional Pituitary Adenomas. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 68:565-589. [PMID: 30982163 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01318-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are locally invasive with high morbidity. The objective of this study was to diagnose important genes and pathways related to the invasiveness of NFPAs and gain more insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of NFPAs. The gene expression profiles of GSE51618 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database with 4 non-invasive NFPA samples, 3 invasive NFPA samples, and 3 normal pituitary gland samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are screened between invasive NFPA samples and normal pituitary gland samples, followed by pathway and ontology (GO) enrichment analyses. Subsequently, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and analyzed for these DEGs, and module analysis was performed. In addition, a target gene-miRNA network and target gene-TF (transcription factor) network were analyzed for these DEGs. A total of 879 DEGs were obtained. Among them, 439 genes were upregulated and 440 genes were downregulated. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the upregulated genes were significantly enriched in cysteine biosynthesis/homocysteine degradation (trans-sulfuration) and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, while the downregulated genes were mainly associated with docosahexaenoate biosynthesis III (mammals) and chemokine signaling pathway. GO enrichment analysis indicated that the upregulated genes were significantly enriched in animal organ morphogenesis, extracellular matrix, and hormone activity, while the downregulated genes were mainly associated with leukocyte chemotaxis, dendrites, and RAGE receptor binding. Subsequently, ESR1, SOX2, TTN, GFAP, WIF1, TTR, XIST, SPAG5, PPBP, AR, IL1R2, and HIST1H1C were diagnosed as the top hub genes in the upregulated and downregulated PPI networks and modules. In addition, HS3ST1, GPC4, CCND2, and SCD were diagnosed as the top hub genes in the upregulated and downregulated target gene-miRNA networks, while CISH, ISLR, UBE2E3, and CCNG2 were diagnosed as the top hub genes in the upregulated and downregulated target gene-TF networks. The new important DEGs and pathways diagnosed in this study may serve key roles in the invasiveness of NFPAs and indicate more molecular targets for the treatment of NFPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish Joshi
- Endocrine and Diabetes Care Center, Hubli, Karnataka, 5800029, India
| | - Basavaraj Vastrad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SET'S College of Pharmacy, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580002, India
| | - Chanabasayya Vastrad
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580001, India.
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26
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Nagarajan S, Alkayed NJ, Kaul S, Barnes AP. Effect of thermostable mutations on the neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1) activation state. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:340-353. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1573705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanthi Nagarajan
- The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Medicinal Chemistry Core, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nabil J. Alkayed
- The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health Science University Portland, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sanjiv Kaul
- The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anthony P. Barnes
- The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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27
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Wu Z, Fournel L, Stadler N, Liu J, Boullier A, Hoyeau N, Fléjou JF, Duchatelle V, Djebrani-Oussedik N, Agopiantz M, Ségal-Bendirdjian E, Gompel A, Alifano M, Melander O, Trédaniel J, Forgez P. Modulation of lung cancer cell plasticity and heterogeneity with the restoration of cisplatin sensitivity by neurotensin antibody. Cancer Lett 2018; 444:147-161. [PMID: 30583074 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Overall survival of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has significantly improved with platinum-based salt treatments and recently with targeted therapies and immunotherapies. However, treatment failure occurs due to acquired or emerging tumor resistance. We developed a monoclonal antibody against the proform of neurotensin (LF-NTS mAb) that alters the homeostasis of tumors overexpressing NTSR1. Neurotensin is frequently overexpressed along with its high affinity receptor (NTSR1) in tumors from epithelial origins. This ligand/receptor complex contributes to the progression of many tumor types by activation of the cellular effects involved in tumor progression (proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion). We demonstrate that LF-NTS mAb operates on the plasticity of tumor cells overexpressing NTSR1 and lowers their aggressiveness. The mAb enables the restoration of platinum-based therapies responsiveness, while also decreasing metastatic processes. Efficacy dosage with long-term treatment showed no obvious adverse events, while demonstrating improvement in the performance status. Our data suggests that LF-NTS mAb is an ideal candidate to be safely added to the conventional standard of care in order to improve its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zherui Wu
- INSERM UMRS 1007, Paris Descartes University, 75270, Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Ludovic Fournel
- INSERM UMRS 1007, Paris Descartes University, 75270, Paris Cedex 06, France; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cochin Hospital of Paris, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France
| | - Nicolas Stadler
- INSERM UMRS 1007, Paris Descartes University, 75270, Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Jin Liu
- INSERM UMRS 1007, Paris Descartes University, 75270, Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Agnès Boullier
- CBH Biochemistry Laboratory, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France
| | - Nadia Hoyeau
- Department of Pathology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, UPMC, Paris, France
| | | | - Véronique Duchatelle
- Department of Pathology, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | | | - Mikaël Agopiantz
- Department of Pathology, CHRU Nancy, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | | | - Anne Gompel
- INSERM UMRS 1007, Paris Descartes University, 75270, Paris Cedex 06, France; Department of Gynecology Obstetrics II and Reproductive Medicine, Paris Descartes University, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- INSERM UMRS 1007, Paris Descartes University, 75270, Paris Cedex 06, France; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cochin Hospital of Paris, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, CRC, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jean Trédaniel
- INSERM UMRS 1007, Paris Descartes University, 75270, Paris Cedex 06, France; Unit of Thoracic Oncology, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
| | - Patricia Forgez
- INSERM UMRS 1007, Paris Descartes University, 75270, Paris Cedex 06, France.
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28
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Moody TW, Ramos-Alvarez I, Jensen RT. Neuropeptide G Protein-Coupled Receptors as Oncotargets. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:345. [PMID: 30008698 PMCID: PMC6033971 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are overexpressed on numerous cancer cells. In a number of tumors, such as small cell lung cancer (SCLC), bombesin (BB) like peptides and neurotensin (NTS) function as autocrine growth factors whereby they are secreted from tumor cells, bind to cell surface receptors and stimulate growth. BB-drug conjugates and BB receptor antagonists inhibit the growth of a number of cancers. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) increases the secretion rate of BB-like peptide and NTS from SCLC leading to increased proliferation. In contrast, somatostatin (SST) inhibits the secretion of autocrine growth factors from neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and decreases proliferation. SST analogs such as radiolabeled octreotide can be used to localize tumors, is therapeutic for certain cancer patients and has been approved for four different indications in the diagnosis/treatment of NETs. The review will focus on how BB, NTS, VIP, and SST receptors can facilitate the early detection and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W. Moody
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Disease (NIDDK), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Irene Ramos-Alvarez
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Disease (NIDDK), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Robert T. Jensen
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Disease (NIDDK), Bethesda, MD, United States
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29
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Ouyang Q, Zhou J, Yang W, Cui H, Xu M, Yi L. Oncogenic role of neurotensin and neurotensin receptors in various cancers. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 44:841-846. [PMID: 28556374 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurotensin (NTS) has long been recognized as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in the central nervous system and as an endocrine agent in the periphery via actions mediated through neurotensin receptors (NTSRs). Many studies support a role for NTS in the endocrine, autocrine and paracrine growth stimulation of cancer, with oncogenic actions described for NTS in different types of cancers and cancer cell lines at each step of cancer progression, ranging from tumour growth and survival to metastatic spread. The mechanisms underlying the effects of the NTS/NTSR system in cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as the anti-apoptotic effects of this system, have been elucidated in different types of cancers, and include mitogen-activated protein kinases, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and RhoGTPases. The present mini review summarizes recent findings relating to the oncogenic function of the NTS/NTSR system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ouyang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Liberation Army (PLA) Rocket Forces General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Minhui Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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30
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Korbecki J, Gutowska I, Kojder I, Jeżewski D, Goschorska M, Łukomska A, Lubkowska A, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. New extracellular factors in glioblastoma multiforme development: neurotensin, growth differentiation factor-15, sphingosine-1-phosphate and cytomegalovirus infection. Oncotarget 2018; 9:7219-7270. [PMID: 29467963 PMCID: PMC5805549 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen considerable progress in understanding the biochemistry of cancer. For example, more significance is now assigned to the tumor microenvironment, especially with regard to intercellular signaling in the tumor niche which depends on many factors secreted by tumor cells. In addition, great progress has been made in understanding the influence of factors such as neurotensin, growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) on the 'hallmarks of cancer' in glioblastoma multiforme. Therefore, in the present work we describe the influence of these factors on the proliferation and apoptosis of neoplastic cells, cancer stem cells, angiogenesis, migration and invasion, and cancer immune evasion in a glioblastoma multiforme tumor. In particular, we discuss the effect of neurotensin, GDF-15, S1P (including the drug FTY720), and infection with CMV on tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), microglial cells, neutrophil and regulatory T cells (Treg), on the tumor microenvironment. In order to better understand the role of the aforementioned factors in tumoral processes, we outline the latest models of intratumoral heterogeneity in glioblastoma multiforme. Based on the most recent reports, we discuss the problems of multi-drug therapy in treating glioblastoma multiforme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biała, 43-309 Bielsko-Biała, Poland
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Kojder
- Department of Applied Neurocognitivistics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland.,Department of Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Jeżewski
- Department of Applied Neurocognitivistics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland.,Department of Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Goschorska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Łukomska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Lubkowska
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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31
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Mota JM, Collier KA, Barros Costa RL, Taxter T, Kalyan A, Leite CA, Chae YK, Giles FJ, Carneiro BA. A comprehensive review of heregulins, HER3, and HER4 as potential therapeutic targets in cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:89284-89306. [PMID: 29179520 PMCID: PMC5687690 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heregulins (HRGs) bind to the receptors HER3 or HER4, induce receptor dimerization, and trigger downstream signaling that leads to tumor progression and resistance to targeted therapies. Increased expression of HRGs has been associated with worse clinical prognosis; therefore, attempts to block HRG-dependent tumor growth have been pursued. This manuscript summarizes the function and signaling of HRGs and review the preclinical evidence of its involvement in carcinogenesis, prognosis, and treatment resistance in several malignancies such as colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and breast cancer. Agents in preclinical development and clinical trials of novel therapeutics targeting HRG-dependent signaling are also discussed, including anti-HER3 and -HER4 antibodies, anti-metalloproteinase agents, and HRG fusion proteins. Although several trials have indicated an acceptable safety profile, translating preclinical findings into clinical practice remains a challenge in this field, possibly due to the complexity of downstream signaling and patterns of HRG, HER3 and HER4 expression in different cancer subtypes. Improving patient selection through biomarkers and understanding the resistance mechanisms may translate into significant clinical benefits in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Mauricio Mota
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Division of Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katharine Ann Collier
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ricardo Lima Barros Costa
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Timothy Taxter
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Aparna Kalyan
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Caio A. Leite
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Young Kwang Chae
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Francis J. Giles
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Benedito A. Carneiro
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Abbaci A, Talbot H, Saada S, Gachard N, Abraham J, Jaccard A, Bordessoule D, Fauchais AL, Naves T, Jauberteau MO. Neurotensin receptor type 2 protects B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells from apoptosis. Oncogene 2017; 37:756-767. [PMID: 29059151 PMCID: PMC5808079 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells are resistant to apoptosis, and consequently accumulate to the detriment of normal B cells and patient immunity. Because current therapies fail to eradicate these apoptosis-resistant cells, it is essential to identify alternative survival pathways as novel targets for anticancer therapies. Overexpression of cell-surface G protein-coupled receptors drives cell transformation, and thus plays a critical role in malignancies. In this study, we identified neurotensin receptor 2 (NTSR2) as an essential driver of apoptosis resistance in B-CLL. NTSR2 was highly expressed in B-CLL cells, whereas expression of its natural ligand, neurotensin (NTS), was minimal in both B-CLL cells and patient plasma. Surprisingly, NTSR2 remained in a constitutively active phosphorylated state, caused not by a mutation-induced gain-of-function but rather by an interaction with the oncogenic tyrosine kinase receptor TrkB. Functional and biochemical characterization revealed that the NTSR2-TrkB interaction acts as a conditional oncogenic driver requiring the TrkB ligand brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which unlike NTS is highly expressed in B-CLL cells. Together, NTSR2, TrkB and BDNF induce autocrine and/or paracrine survival pathways that are independent of mutation status and indolent or progressive disease course. The NTSR2-TrkB interaction activates survival signaling pathways, including the Src and AKT kinase pathways, as well as expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. When NTSR2 was downregulated, TrkB failed to protect B-CLL cells from a drastic decrease in viability via typical apoptotic cell death, reflected by DNA fragmentation and Annexin V presentation. Together, our findings demonstrate that the NTSR2-TrkB interaction plays a crucial role in B-CLL cell survival, suggesting that inhibition of NTSR2 represents a promising targeted strategy for treating B-CLL malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abbaci
- Limoges University, Equipe Accueil 3842, Cellular Homeostasis and Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - H Talbot
- Limoges University, Equipe Accueil 3842, Cellular Homeostasis and Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - S Saada
- Limoges University, Equipe Accueil 3842, Cellular Homeostasis and Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - N Gachard
- Hematology Laboratory, Dupuytren Hospital University Center of Limoges, Limoges Cedex, France.,CNRS-UMR 7276, Limoges University, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - J Abraham
- Department of Hematology, Dupuytren Hospital University Center of Limoges, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - A Jaccard
- CNRS-UMR 7276, Limoges University, Limoges Cedex, France.,Department of Hematology, Dupuytren Hospital University Center of Limoges, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - D Bordessoule
- CNRS-UMR 7276, Limoges University, Limoges Cedex, France.,Department of Hematology, Dupuytren Hospital University Center of Limoges, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - A L Fauchais
- Limoges University, Equipe Accueil 3842, Cellular Homeostasis and Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Limoges Cedex, France.,Department of Internal Medicine, Dupuytren Hospital University Center of Limoges, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - T Naves
- Limoges University, Equipe Accueil 3842, Cellular Homeostasis and Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - M O Jauberteau
- Limoges University, Equipe Accueil 3842, Cellular Homeostasis and Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Limoges Cedex, France.,Department of Immunology, Dupuytren Hospital University Center of Limoges, Limoges Cedex, France
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Expression of neurotensin receptor 1 in endometrial adenocarcinoma is correlated with histological grade and clinical outcome. Virchows Arch 2017; 471:521-530. [PMID: 28836043 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2215-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The promalignant effects of neurotensin (NTS) are sustained in many solid tumors, including hormone-dependent cancers. As the endometrium is also subjected to hormonal regulation, we evaluated the contribution of NTS to endometrial carcinogenesis. Neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1) expression and NTSR1 promoter methylation (HM450) were analyzed in 385 cases of endometrial carcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Additionally, from a series of 100 endometrial carcinomas, and 66 benign endometrium samples, NTS and NTSR1 labeling was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Using TCGA series, NTSR1 messenger RNA (mRNA) level was negatively correlated with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) (p = 0.0012 and p = 0.0116, respectively), and positively correlated with the grade (p = 0.0008). When including only endometrioid carcinomas, NTSR1 mRNA level continued to be negatively correlated with OS (log-rank: p < 0.0001) and PFS (log-rank: p = 0.002). A higher NTSR1 mRNA level was significantly associated with a loss of NTSR1 promoter methylation. Immunohistochemical expression of NTS and NTSR1 was significantly increased in adenocarcinoma (n = 100), as compared to benign endometrium (p < 0.001). NTSR1 expression was positively correlated with grade (p = 0.004). High immunohistochemical expression of cytoplasmic NTSR1 was significantly correlated with a shorter OS and PFS (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). This correlation remained significant when excluding non-endometrioid subtypes (p = 0.04 and p = 0.02, respectively). In multivariate analysis, the expression of NTSR1 was an independent prognostic factor (p = 0.004). NTSR1 overexpression is a poor prognostic factor in endometrial cancer, highlighting the contribution of NTS in endometrial cancer progression and its uses as a prognostic marker, and as a potential therapeutic target.
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Liu J, Agopiantz M, Poupon J, Wu Z, Just PA, Borghese B, Ségal-Bendirdjian E, Gauchotte G, Gompel A, Forgez P. Neurotensin Receptor 1 Antagonist SR48692 Improves Response to Carboplatin by Enhancing Apoptosis and Inhibiting Drug Efflux in Ovarian Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6516-6528. [PMID: 28790113 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The high affinity receptor 1 (NTSR1) and its agonist, neurotensin (NTS), are correlated with tumor cell aggressiveness in most solid tumors. As chemoresistance and tumor aggressiveness are often related, we decided to study the role of the NTSR1 complex within platinum-based chemotherapy responses. In an ovarian model, we studied carboplatin because it is the main standard of care for ovarian cancer.Experimental Design: Experimental tumors and in vitro studies were performed using SKOV3 and A2780 cells treated with carboplatin, with or without a very specific NTSR1 antagonist, SR48692. We measured the effects of these treatments on cell apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins, platinum accumulation in the cell and nucleus, and the expression and localization of platinum transporters. NTS and NTSR1 labeling was measured in patients with ovarian cancer.Results: SR48692 enhanced the response to carboplatin in ovarian cancer cells and experimental tumors. When SR48692 is combined with carboplatin, we noted a major improvement of platinum-induced DNA damage and cell death, as well as a decrease in tumor growth. The relationship of these results to clinical studies was made by the detection of NTS and NTSR1 in 72% and 74% of ovarian cancer, respectively. Furthermore, in a large series of high-grade ovarian cancer, NTSR1 mRNA was shown to correlate with higher stages and platinum resistance.Conclusions: This study strongly suggests that the addition of NTSR1 inhibitor in combination with platinum salt-based therapy will improve the response to the drug. Clin Cancer Res; 23(21); 6516-28. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- INSERM UMRS 1007, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Mikaël Agopiantz
- Department of Medical Gynecology, CHRU Nancy, University of Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,INSERM U 954, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Joël Poupon
- Toxicology Laboratory, Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Zherui Wu
- INSERM UMRS 1007, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | | | - Bruno Borghese
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics II and Reproductive Medicine, Paris Descartes University, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Guillaume Gauchotte
- INSERM U 954, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Department of Pathology, CHRU Nancy, University of Lorraine, France
| | - Anne Gompel
- INSERM UMRS 1007, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Paris Descartes University, APHP, HUPC, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Forgez
- INSERM UMRS 1007, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
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Wu Z, Galmiche A, Liu J, Stadler N, Wendum D, Segal-Bendirdjian E, Paradis V, Forgez P. Neurotensin regulation induces overexpression and activation of EGFR in HCC and restores response to erlotinib and sorafenib. Cancer Lett 2017; 388:73-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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A Review of the Role of Neurotensin and Its Receptors in Colorectal Cancer. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2017; 2017:6456257. [PMID: 28316623 PMCID: PMC5339424 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6456257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotensin (NTS) is a physiologically occurring hormone which affects the function of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In recent years, NTS, acting through its cellular receptors (NTSR), has been implicated in the carcinogenesis of several cancers. In colorectal cancer (CRC), a significant body of evidence, from in vitro and in vivo studies, is available which elucidates the molecular biology of NTS/NTSR signalling and the resultant growth of CRC cells. There is growing clinical data from human studies which corroborate the role NTS/NTSR plays in the development of human CRC. Furthermore, blockade and modulation of the NTS/NTSR signalling pathways appears to reduce CRC growth in cell cultures and animal studies. Lastly, NTS/NTSR also shows potential of being utilised as a diagnostic biomarker for cancers as well as targets for functional imaging. We summarise the existing evidence and understanding of the role of NTS and its receptors in CRC.
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Karachaliou N, Lazzari C, Verlicchi A, Sosa AE, Rosell R. HER3 as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer. BioDrugs 2017; 31:63-73. [PMID: 28000159 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-016-0205-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Targeting members of the human epidermal growth factor receptor family, especially EGFR and HER2, has been an established strategy for the treatment of tumors with abnormally activated receptors due to overexpression, mutation, ligand-dependent receptor dimerization and ligand-independent activation. Less attention has been paid to the oncogenic activity of HER3, although there is growing evidence that it mediates resistance to EGFR and HER2 pathway directed therapies. The main caveat for the development of effective HER3 targeted therapies is the absence of a strong enzymatic activity to target, as well as the limited potential for single-agent activity. In this review, we highlight the role of HER3 in cancer and, more specifically, in lung cancer. The basis for HER3 involvement in HER2 resistance and EGFR inhibition is discussed, as well as current pharmacologic strategies to combat HER3 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Karachaliou
- Medical Oncology Department, Institute of Oncology Rosell (IOR), University Hospital Sagrat Cor, C/Viladomat 288, 08029, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Chiara Lazzari
- Departmemt of Oncology, Division of Experimental Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Aaron E Sosa
- Medical Oncology Department, Institute of Oncology Rosell (IOR), University Hospital Sagrat Cor, C/Viladomat 288, 08029, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain.,Catalan Institute of Oncology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
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38
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Béraud-Dufour S, Devader C, Massa F, Roulot M, Coppola T, Mazella J. Focal Adhesion Kinase-Dependent Role of the Soluble Form of Neurotensin Receptor-3/Sortilin in Colorectal Cancer Cell Dissociation. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111860. [PMID: 27834811 PMCID: PMC5133860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present review is to unravel the mechanisms of action of the soluble form of the neurotensin (NT) receptor-3 (NTSR3), also called Sortilin, in numerous physiopathological processes including cancer development, cardiovascular diseases and depression. Sortilin/NTSR3 is a transmembrane protein thought to exert multiple functions both intracellularly and at the level of the plasma membrane. The Sortilin/NTSR3 extracellular domain is released by shedding from all the cells expressing the protein. Although the existence of the soluble form of Sortilin/NTSR3 (sSortilin/NTSR3) has been evidenced for more than 10 years, the studies focusing on the role of this soluble protein at the mechanistic level remain rare. Numerous cancer cells, including colonic cancer cells, express the receptor family of neurotensin (NT), and particularly Sortilin/NTSR3. This review aims to summarize the functional role of sSortilin/NTSR3 characterized in the colonic cancer cell line HT29. This includes mechanisms involving signaling cascades through focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a key pathway leading to the weakening of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesions, a series of events which could be responsible for cancer metastasis. Finally, some future approaches targeting the release of sNTSR3 through the inhibition of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Béraud-Dufour
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7275, Université Côte d'Azur, 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Chistelle Devader
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7275, Université Côte d'Azur, 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Fabienne Massa
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7275, Université Côte d'Azur, 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Morgane Roulot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7275, Université Côte d'Azur, 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Thierry Coppola
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7275, Université Côte d'Azur, 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Jean Mazella
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7275, Université Côte d'Azur, 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France.
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Callegari CC, Cavalli IJ, Lima RS, Jucoski TS, Torresan C, Urban CA, Kuroda F, Anselmi KF, Cavalli LR, Ribeiro EM. Copy number and expression analysis of FOSL1, GSTP1, NTSR1, FADD and CCND1 genes in primary breast tumors with axillary lymph node metastasis. Cancer Genet 2016; 209:331-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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40
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Label-free cell phenotypic profiling and pathway deconvolution of neurotensin receptor-1. Pharmacol Res 2016; 108:39-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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41
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Transcriptional profiling revealed the anti-proliferative effect of MFN2 deficiency and identified risk factors in lung adenocarcinoma. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:8643-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4702-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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42
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Moody TW, Moreno P, Jensen RT. Neuropeptides as lung cancer growth factors. Peptides 2015; 72:106-11. [PMID: 25836991 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript is written in honor of the Festschrift for Abba Kastin. I met Abba at a Society for Neuroscience meeting and learned that he was Editor-in-Chief of the Journal Peptides. I submitted manuscripts to the journal on "Neuropeptides as Growth Factors in Cancer" and subsequently was named to the Editorial Advisory Board. Over the past 30 years I have published dozens of manuscripts in Peptides and reviewed hundreds of submitted manuscripts. It was always rewarding to interact with Abba, a consummate professional. When I attended meetings in New Orleans I would sometimes go out to dinner with him at the restaurant "Commanders Palace". When I chaired the Summer Neuropeptide Conference we were honored to have him receive the Fleur Strand Award one year in Israel. I think that his biggest editorial contribution has been the "Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides." I served as a Section Editor on "Cancer/Anticancer Peptides" and again found that it was a pleasure working with him. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which bombesin-like peptides, neurotensin and vasoactive intestinal peptide regulate the growth of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W Moody
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Office of the Director, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Paola Moreno
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert T Jensen
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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43
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Bobbio A, Alifano M. Immune therapy of non-small cell lung cancer. The future. Pharmacol Res 2015; 99:217-22. [PMID: 26141705 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Surgery is still the best treatment option of lung cancer but only one third of patients are operable and prognosis remains mediocre in operated patients, with the exception of initial stages. Medical treatment is fast moving toward new frontiers. New insights in the biology of cancer development led to discovery of new drugs, which are more effective as compared to conventional platinum based chemotherapy. A new approach to immunotherapy based on immune-check point represents a remarkable innovation in lung cancer treatment. Initial trials with anti PD-1 antibodies in metastatic patients provided results never observed with previously known drug categories. Several key question need to be answered to identify patients most likely to respond to anti PD-1/anti PD-L1 treatments, to assess the role of combined treatment modalities including immune check point receptor block (associations with surgery, chemotherapy, ITKs), and to boost host immune response, possibly by lowering his systemic inflammation and improving nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bobbio
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | - Marco Alifano
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Paris Centre University Hospitals, AP-HP, Paris, France; University Paris Descartes Paris, France
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Dupouy S, Doan VK, Wu Z, Mourra N, Liu J, De Wever O, Llorca FP, Cayre A, Kouchkar A, Gompel A, Forgez P. Activation of EGFR, HER2 and HER3 by neurotensin/neurotensin receptor 1 renders breast tumors aggressive yet highly responsive to lapatinib and metformin in mice. Oncotarget 2015; 5:8235-51. [PMID: 25249538 PMCID: PMC4226680 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A present challenge in breast oncology research is to identify therapeutical targets which could impact tumor progression. Neurotensin (NTS) and its high affinity receptor (NTSR1) are up regulated in 20% of breast cancers, and NTSR1 overexpression was shown to predict a poor prognosis for 5 year overall survival in invasive breast carcinomas. Interactions between NTS and NTSR1 induce pro-oncogenic biological effects associated with neoplastic processes and tumor progression. Here, we depict the cellular mechanisms activated by NTS, and contributing to breast cancer cell aggressiveness. We show that neurotensin (NTS) and its high affinity receptor (NTSR1) contribute to the enhancement of experimental tumor growth and metastasis emergence in an experimental mice model. This effect ensued following EGFR, HER2, and HER3 over-expression and autocrine activation and was associated with an increase of metalloproteinase MMP9, HB-EGF and Neuregulin 2 in the culture media. EGFR over expression ensued in a more intense response to EGF on cellular migration and invasion. Accordingly, lapatinib, an EGFR/HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, as well as metformin, reduced the tumor growth of cells overexpressing NTS and NTSR1. All cellular effects, such as adherence, migration, invasion, altered by NTS/NTSR1 were abolished by a specific NTSR1 antagonist. A strong statistical correlation between NTS-NTSR1-and HER3 (p< 0.0001) as well as NTS-NTSR1-and HER3- HER2 (p< 0.001) expression was found in human breast tumors. Expression of NTS/NTSR1 on breast tumoral cells creates a cellular context associated with cancer aggressiveness by enhancing epidermal growth factor receptor activity. We propose the use of labeled NTS/NTSR1 complexes to enlarge the population eligible for therapy targeting HERs tyrosine kinase inhibitor or HER2 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zherui Wu
- UMRS U938, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France. UMRS 1007, Université Paris Descartes 45, Paris, France
| | - Najat Mourra
- UMRS U938, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France. Pathology Department Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Jin Liu
- UMRS 1007, Université Paris Descartes 45, Paris, France
| | - Olivier De Wever
- The Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Anne Cayre
- Pathology Department, Jean Perrin center, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Amal Kouchkar
- Pathology Department, Alger Pierre and Marie Curie center, Algeria
| | - Anne Gompel
- UMRS 1007, Université Paris Descartes 45, Paris, France. Gynecology Unit, Université Paris Descartes, APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Cochin Hôtel-Dieu Broca, Paris, France
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45
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The Internalization of Neurotensin by the Low-Affinity Neurotensin Receptors (NTSR2 and vNTSR2) Activates ERK 1/2 in Glioma Cells and Allows Neurotensin-Polyplex Transfection of tGAS1. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2015; 35:785-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0172-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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46
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Lee HK, Zhang L, Smith MD, Walewska A, Vellore NA, Baron R, McIntosh JM, White HS, Olivera BM, Bulaj G. A marine analgesic peptide, Contulakin-G, and neurotensin are distinct agonists for neurotensin receptors: uncovering structural determinants of desensitization properties. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:11. [PMID: 25713532 PMCID: PMC4322620 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotensin receptors have been studied as molecular targets for the treatment of pain, schizophrenia, addiction, or cancer. Neurotensin (NT) and Contulakin-G, a glycopeptide isolated from a predatory cone snail Conus geographus, share a sequence similarity at the C-terminus, which is critical for activation of neurotensin receptors. Both peptides are potent analgesics, although affinity and agonist potency of Contulakin-G toward neurotensin receptors are significantly lower, as compared to those for NT. In this work, we show that the weaker agonist properties of Contulakin-G result in inducing significantly less desensitization of neurotensin receptors and preserving their cell-surface density. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies suggested that both glycosylation and charged amino acid residues in Contulakin-G or NT played important roles in desensitizing neurotensin receptors. Computational modeling studies of human neurotensin receptor NTS1 and Contulakin-G confirmed the role of glycosylation in weakening interactions with the receptors. Based on available SAR data, we designed, synthesized, and characterized an analog of Contulakin-G in which the glycosylated amino acid residue, Gal-GalNAc-Thr10, was replaced by memantine-Glu10 residue. This analog exhibited comparable agonist potency and weaker desensitization properties as compared to that of Contulakin-G, while producing analgesia in the animal model of acute pain following systemic administration. We discuss our study in the context of feasibility and safety of developing NT therapeutic agents with improved penetration across the blood-brain barrier. Our work supports engineering peptide-based agonists with diverse abilities to desensitize G-protein coupled receptors and further emphasizes opportunities for conotoxins as novel pharmacological tools and drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Kyoung Lee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Skaggs Research Institute, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Liuyin Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Skaggs Research Institute, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Misty D Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Aleksandra Walewska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Skaggs Research Institute, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA ; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk Gdansk, Poland
| | - Nadeem A Vellore
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Skaggs Research Institute, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Riccardo Baron
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Skaggs Research Institute, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- Department of Biology, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA ; Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - H Steve White
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Grzegorz Bulaj
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Skaggs Research Institute, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Ouyang Q, Gong X, Xiao H, Zhou J, Xu M, Dai Y, Xu L, Feng H, Cui H, Yi L. Neurotensin promotes the progression of malignant glioma through NTSR1 and impacts the prognosis of glioma patients. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:21. [PMID: 25644759 PMCID: PMC4351837 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0290-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The poor prognosis and minimally successful treatments of malignant glioma indicate a challenge to identify new therapeutic targets which impact glioma progression. Neurotensin (NTS) and its high affinity receptor (NTSR1) overexpression induces neoplastic growth and predicts the poor prognosis in various malignancies. Whether NTS can promote the glioma progression and its prognostic significance for glioma patients remains unclear. Methods NTS precursor (ProNTS), NTS and NTSR1 expression levels in glioma were detected by immunobloting Elisa and immunohistochemistry assay. The prognostic analysis was conducted from internet by R2 microarray platform. Glioma cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK8 and BrdU incorporation assay. Wound healing model and Matrigel transwell assay were utilized to test cellular migration and invasion. The orthotopic glioma implantations were established to analyze the role of NTS and NTSR1 in glioma progression in vivo. Results Positive correlations were shown between the expression levels of NTS and NTSR1 with the pathological grade of gliomas. The high expression levels of NTS and NTSR1 indicate a worse prognosis in glioma patients. The proliferation and invasiveness of glioma cells could be enhanced by NTS stimulation and impaired by the inhibition of NTSR1. NTS stimulated Erk1/2 phosphorylation in glioma cells, which could be reversed by SR48692 or NTSR1-siRNA. In vivo experiments showed that SR48692 significantly prolonged the survival length of glioma-bearing mice and inhibited glioma cell invasiveness. Conclusion NTS promotes the proliferation and invasion of glioma via the activation of NTSR1. High expression levels of NTS and NTSR1 predict a poor prognosis in glioma patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-015-0290-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ouyang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xueyang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hualiang Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Ji Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Minhui Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yun Dai
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
| | - Lunshan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Liang Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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