1
|
Ye Y, Cao Z. Glucose Metabolism and Glucose Transporters in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Invest 2024:1-18. [PMID: 39324504 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2024.2407424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ranks seventh globally in malignancy prevalence, with persistent high mortality rates despite treatment advancements. Glucose, pivotal in cancer metabolism via the Warburg effect, enters cells via glucose transporters, notably GLUT proteins. Glycolysis, aerobic oxidation, and the pentose phosphate pathway in glucose metabolism significantly impact HNSCC progression. HNSCC exhibits elevated expression of glucose metabolism enzymes and GLUT proteins, correlating with prognosis. Heterogeneity in HNSCC yields varied metabolic profiles, influenced by factors like HPV status and disease stage. This review highlights glucose metabolism's role and potential as therapeutic targets and cancer imaging tracers in HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Ye
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, affiliated to Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zaizai Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Koltai T, Fliegel L. Dichloroacetate for Cancer Treatment: Some Facts and Many Doubts. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:744. [PMID: 38931411 PMCID: PMC11206832 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Rarely has a chemical elicited as much controversy as dichloroacetate (DCA). DCA was initially considered a dangerous toxic industrial waste product, then a potential treatment for lactic acidosis. However, the main controversies started in 2008 when DCA was found to have anti-cancer effects on experimental animals. These publications showed contradictory results in vivo and in vitro such that a thorough consideration of this compound's in cancer is merited. Despite 50 years of experimentation, DCA's future in therapeutics is uncertain. Without adequate clinical trials and health authorities' approval, DCA has been introduced in off-label cancer treatments in alternative medicine clinics in Canada, Germany, and other European countries. The lack of well-planned clinical trials and its use by people without medical training has discouraged consideration by the scientific community. There are few thorough clinical studies of DCA, and many publications are individual case reports. Case reports of DCA's benefits against cancer have been increasing recently. Furthermore, it has been shown that DCA synergizes with conventional treatments and other repurposable drugs. Beyond the classic DCA target, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, new target molecules have also been recently discovered. These findings have renewed interest in DCA. This paper explores whether existing evidence justifies further research on DCA for cancer treatment and it explores the role DCA may play in it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Koltai
- Hospital del Centro Gallego de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 2199, Argentina
| | - Larry Fliegel
- Department of Biochemistry, University Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ohashi T, Terazawa K, Shibata H, Inoue N, Ogawa T. Metabolic profiling analysis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis 2024; 30:342-352. [PMID: 36349421 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tumor cells can acquire a large amount of energy and structural components by reprogramming energy metabolism; moreover, metabolic profiles slightly differ according to cancer type. This study compared and assessed the metabolic profile of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and normal tissues, which were collected from patients without cancer. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Overall, 23 patients with HNSCC and 6 patients without cancer were included in the analysis. Metabolomic profiles were analyzed using capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Gene expression was evaluated using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and glutamine metabolism were upregulated in HNSCC tissues based on gene expression analysis. HNSCC could then have enhanced energy production and structural component. The levels of lactate, succinate, glutathione, 2-hydroxyglutarate, and S-adenosylmethionine, considered as oncometabolites, increased and these had accumulated in HNSCC tissues. CONCLUSIONS The level of metabolites and the expression of enzymes differ between HNSCC and normal tissues. Reprogramming metabolism in HNSCC provides an energy source as well as structural components, creating a system that offers rapid proliferation, progression, and is less likely to be eliminated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshimitsu Ohashi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kosuke Terazawa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Shibata
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Inoue
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Takenori Ogawa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li N, Chamkha I, Verma G, Swoboda S, Lindstedt M, Greiff L, Elmér E, Ehinger J. Human papillomavirus-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells rely on glycolysis and display reduced oxidative phosphorylation. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1304106. [PMID: 38273844 PMCID: PMC10808639 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1304106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) constitutes a heterogeneous group of cancers. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is associated with a subtype of HNSCC with a better response to treatment and more favorable prognosis. Mitochondrial function and metabolism vary depending on cancer type and can be related to tumor aggressiveness. This study aims to characterize the metabolism of HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC cell lines. Methods Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis were assessed in intact cells, in four HNSCC cell lines using Seahorse XF Analyzer. OXPHOS was further studied in permeabilized cells using high-resolution respirometry in an Oroboros O2K. Metabolomic analysis was performed using mass spectroscopy. Results The HPV-negative cell lines were found to display a higher OXPHOS capacity and were also able to upregulate glycolysis when needed. The HPV-positive cell line had a higher basal glycolytic rate but lower spare OXPHOS capacity. These cells were also unable to increase respiration in response to succinate, unlike the HPV-negative cells. In the metabolomic analysis, the HPV-positive cells showed a higher kynurenine/tryptophan ratio. Discussion HPV-positive HNSCC preferred glycolysis to compensate for lower OXPHOS reserves, while the HPV-negative HNSCC displayed a more versatile metabolism, which might be related to increased tumor aggressiveness. The higher kynurenine/tryptophan ratio of HPV-positive HNSCC might be related to increased indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity due to the carcinoma's viral origin. This study highlights important metabolic differences between HPV-positive and HPV-negative cancers and suggests that future metabolic targets for cancer treatment should be individualized based on specific tumor metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Li
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Imen Chamkha
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gaurav Verma
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sabine Swoboda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Lindstedt
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lennart Greiff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eskil Elmér
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johannes Ehinger
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
León X, Bagué S, Holgado A, Quer M, Terra X, Camacho M, Avilés-Jurado FX. Relationship between transcriptional expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase and local control of disease in patients with oral cavity carcinomas. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2023; 74:372-378. [PMID: 37730160 DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The altered cellular metabolism is one of the hallmarks of the cancer cells, favoring the process of aerobic glycolysis, known as the Warburg effect. The pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex is one of the elements involved in this metabolic process. The present study aims to evaluate the relationship between the transcriptional expression of PDHB and the risk of local recurrence in patients with oral cavity carcinomas. METHODS We determined the transcriptional expression of PDHB in biopsies from 41 patients with oral cavity carcinomas treated with surgery. The PDHB expression was categorized according to the local control of the disease with a recursive partitioning analysis. RESULTS During the follow-up period 13 patients (31.7%) had a local recurrence of the tumor. Considering local disease control as the dependent variable, the recursive partitioning analysis classified the patients in two categories according to high (n=16, 39.0%) or low (n=25, 61.0%) PDHB expression. Five-year local recurrence-free survival for patients with high PDHB expression was 84.8% (95% CI: 65.2-100%), and for patients with low expression it was 54.3% (95% CI: 34.3-74.2 %) (P=0.034). The results of multivariate analysis showed that patients with a low PDHB expression had a 4.90 times higher risk of local recurrence of the tumor (95% CI: 1.02-22.68, P=0.042). CONCLUSION There is a relationship between the metabolic characteristics of the tumor and its aggressiveness. According to our results, patients with oral cavity carcinomas with low transcriptional expression levels of PDHB have a significantly higher risk of local tumor recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier León
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain; UVIC, Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, Spain
| | - Sílvia Bagué
- Pathology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Holgado
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Miquel Quer
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ximena Terra
- MoBioFood Research Group, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescel·lades, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Camacho
- Genomics of Complex Diseases, Research Institute Hospital Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc-Xavier Avilés-Jurado
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Benavente S. Remodeling the tumor microenvironment to overcome treatment resistance in HPV-negative head and neck cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:291-313. [PMID: 37457128 PMCID: PMC10344731 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2022.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite intensive efforts and refined techniques, overall survival in HPV-negative head and neck cancer remains poor. Robust immune priming is required to elicit a strong and durable antitumor immune response in immunologically cold and excluded tumors like HPV-negative head and neck cancer. This review highlights how the tumor microenvironment could be affected by different immune and stromal cell types, weighs the need to integrate metabolic regulation of the tumor microenvironment into cancer treatment strategies and summarizes the emerging clinical applicability of personalized immunotherapeutic strategies in HPV-negative head and neck cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Benavente
- Correspondence to: Dr. Sergi Benavente, Department of Radiation Oncology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119, Barcelona 08035, Spain. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Antra, Parashar P, Hungyo H, Jain A, Ahmad S, Tandon V. Unraveling molecular mechanisms of Head and neck cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 178:103778. [PMID: 35932993 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignancies that develop from mucosal epithelium of the upper aerodigestive tract are known as head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Heterogeneity, late stage diagnosis and high recurrence rate are big hurdles in head and neck treatment regimen. Presently, the biomarkers available for diagnosis and prognosis of HNSCC are based on smoking as the major risk habit. This review shed light on the differential environment of HNSCC in smokeless tobacco consuming Indian patients. Frequent mutation in genes involved in DNA repair pathway (p53), cell proliferation (PIK3CA, HRAS) and cell death (CASP8, FADD) are common in western population. On the contrary, the genes involved in metastasis (MMPs, YAP1), lymphocyte proliferation (TNFRSF4, CD80), cell-cell adhesion (DCC, EDNRB), miRNA processing (DROSHA) and inflammatory responses (TLR9, IL-9) are mutated in Indian HNSCC patients. Gene ontology enrichment analysis highlighted that responses to chemical stimulus, immune pathways and stress pathways are highly enriched in Indian patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antra
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067
| | - Palak Parashar
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067
| | - Hungharla Hungyo
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067
| | - Anuja Jain
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067
| | - Shandar Ahmad
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067
| | - Vibha Tandon
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ishikawa S, Sugimoto M, Konta T, Kitabatake K, Ueda S, Edamatsu K, Okuyama N, Yusa K, Iino M. Salivary Metabolomics for Prognosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 11:789248. [PMID: 35070995 PMCID: PMC8769065 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.789248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify salivary metabolomic biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) based on comprehensive metabolomic analyses. Quantified metabolomics data of unstimulated saliva samples collected from patients with OSCC (n = 72) were randomly divided into the training (n = 35) and validation groups (n = 37). The training data were used to develop a Cox proportional hazards regression model for identifying significant metabolites as prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival. Moreover, the validation group was used to develop another Cox proportional hazards regression model using the previously identified metabolites. There were no significant between-group differences in the participants’ characteristics, including age, sex, and the median follow-up periods (55 months [range: 3–100] vs. 43 months [range: 0–97]). The concentrations of 5-hydroxylysine (p = 0.009) and 3-methylhistidine (p = 0.012) were identified as significant prognostic factors for OS in the training group. Among them, the concentration of 3-methylhistidine was a significant prognostic factor for OS in the validation group (p = 0.048). Our findings revealed that salivary 3-methylhistidine is a prognostic factor for OS in patients with OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Ishikawa
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Iida-nishi, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sugimoto
- Health Promotion and Pre-emptive Medicine, Research and Development Center for Minimally Invasive Therapies, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Konta
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Yamagata University Graduate School of Medicine, Iida-nishi, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Kitabatake
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Iida-nishi, Japan
| | - Shohei Ueda
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Iida-nishi, Japan
| | - Kaoru Edamatsu
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Iida-nishi, Japan
| | - Naoki Okuyama
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Iida-nishi, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Yusa
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Iida-nishi, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Iino
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Iida-nishi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wegge M, Dok R, Nuyts S. Hypoxia and Its Influence on Radiotherapy Response of HPV-Positive and HPV-Negative Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5959. [PMID: 34885069 PMCID: PMC8656584 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cancers are a heterogeneous group of cancers that arise from the upper aerodigestive tract. Etiologically, these tumors are linked to alcohol/tobacco abuse and infections with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV-positive HNSCCs are characterized by a different biology and also demonstrate better therapy response and survival compared to alcohol/tobacco-related HNSCCs. Despite this advantageous therapy response and the clear biological differences, all locally advanced HNSCCs are treated with the same chemo-radiotherapy schedules. Although we have a better understanding of the biology of both groups of HNSCC, the biological factors associated with the increased radiotherapy response are still unclear. Hypoxia, i.e., low oxygen levels because of an imbalance between oxygen demand and supply, is an important biological factor associated with radiotherapy response and has been linked with HPV infections. In this review, we discuss the effects of hypoxia on radiotherapy response, on the tumor biology, and the tumor microenvironment of HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCCs by pointing out the differences between these two tumor types. In addition, we provide an overview of the current strategies to detect and target hypoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Wegge
- Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.W.); (R.D.)
| | - Rüveyda Dok
- Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.W.); (R.D.)
| | - Sandra Nuyts
- Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.W.); (R.D.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, UZ Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee SH, Cho WJ, Najy AJ, Saliganan AD, Pham T, Rakowski J, Loughery B, Ji CH, Sakr W, Kim S, Kato I, Chung WK, Kim HE, Kwon YT, Kim HRC. p62/SQSTM1-induced caspase-8 aggresomes are essential for ionizing radiation-mediated apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:997. [PMID: 34697296 PMCID: PMC8546074 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04301-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The autophagy–lysosome pathway and apoptosis constitute vital determinants of cell fate and engage in a complex interplay in both physiological and pathological conditions. Central to this interplay is the archetypal autophagic cargo adaptor p62/SQSTM1/Sequestosome-1 which mediates both cell survival and endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis via aggregation of ubiquitinated caspase-8. Here, we investigated the role of p62-mediated apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which can be divided into two groups based on human papillomavirus (HPV) infection status. We show that increased autophagic flux and defective apoptosis are associated with radioresistance in HPV(-) HNSCC, whereas HPV(+) HNSCC fail to induce autophagic flux and readily undergo apoptotic cell death upon radiation treatments. The degree of radioresistance and tumor progression of HPV(-) HNSCC respectively correlated with autophagic activity and cytosolic levels of p62. Pharmacological activation of the p62-ZZ domain using small molecule ligands sensitized radioresistant HPV(-) HNSCC cells to ionizing radiation by facilitating p62 self-polymerization and sequestration of cargoes leading to apoptosis. The self-polymerizing activity of p62 was identified as the essential mechanism by which ubiquitinated caspase-8 is sequestered into aggresome-like structures, without which irradiation fails to induce apoptosis in HNSCC. Our results suggest that harnessing p62-dependent sequestration of ubiquitinated caspase-8 provides a novel therapeutic avenue in patients with radioresistant tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun Lee
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Cellular Degradation Biology Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jin Cho
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Abdo J Najy
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Allen-Dexter Saliganan
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Tri Pham
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Joseph Rakowski
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Division of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Brian Loughery
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Chang Hoon Ji
- Cellular Degradation Biology Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,AUTOTAC Bio Inc., Changkkyunggung-ro 254, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Wael Sakr
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Seongho Kim
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Ikuko Kato
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Weon Kuu Chung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Harold E Kim
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Division of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Yong Tae Kwon
- Cellular Degradation Biology Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. .,AUTOTAC Bio Inc., Changkkyunggung-ro 254, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea. .,SNU Dementia Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. .,Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeong-Reh C Kim
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Eldridge RC, Uppal K, Hayes DN, Smith MR, Hu X, Qin ZS, Beitler JJ, Miller AH, Wommack EC, Higgins KA, Shin DM, Ulrich BC, Qian DC, Saba NF, Bruner DW, Jones DP, Xiao C. Plasma metabolic phenotypes of HPV-associated vs smoking-associated head and neck cancer and patient survival. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:1858-1866. [PMID: 34376485 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic differences between human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and smoking-associated HNSCC may partially explain differences in prognosis. The former relies on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) while the latter relies on glycolysis. These differences have not been studied in blood. METHODS We extracted metabolites using untargeted liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry from pretreatment plasma in a cohort of 55 HPV-associated and 82 smoking-associated HNSCC subjects. Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed metabolites produced pathway-based signatures. Significant pathways (P<0.05) were reduced via principal components analysis and assessed with overall survival via Cox models. We classified each subject as glycolytic or OXPHOS phenotype and assessed it with survival. RESULTS Of 2,410 analyzed metabolites, 191 were differentially expressed. Relative to smoking-associated HNSCC, bile acid biosynthesis (P<0.0001) and octadecatrienoic acid beta-oxidation (P=0.01), were upregulated in HPV-associated HNSCC, while galactose metabolism (P=0.001) and vitamin B6 metabolism (P=0.01) were downregulated; the first two suggest an OXPHOS phenotype while the latter two suggest glycolytic. First principal components of bile acid biosynthesis (HR=0.52 per standard deviation, 95% CI:0.38-0.72, P<0.001) and octadecatrienoic acid beta-oxidation (HR=0.54 per sd, 95% CI:0.38-0.78, P<0.001) were significantly associated with overall survival independent of HPV and smoking. The glycolytic vs OXPHOS phenotype was also independently associated with survival (HR=3.17, 95% CI:1.07-9.35; P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Plasma metabolites related to glycolysis and mitochondrial OXPHOS may be biomarkers of HNSCC patient prognosis independent of HPV or smoking. Future investigations should determine if they predict treatment efficacy. IMPACT Blood metabolomics may be a useful marker to aid HNSCC patient prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karan Uppal
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University
| | - D Neil Hayes
- Center for Cancer Research, Univeristy of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - M Ryan Smith
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University
| | - Xin Hu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University
| | - Canhua Xiao
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kessel D, Cho WJ, Rakowski J, Kim HE, Kim HRC. Characteristics of an Impaired PDT Response. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:837-840. [PMID: 33570777 PMCID: PMC8277670 DOI: 10.1111/php.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A concurrent human papilloma virus (HPV) infection potentiates the efficacy of ionizing radiation for treatment of head and neck cancer by promoting apoptosis. Studies in cell culture indicated an opposite effect for photodynamic therapy (PDT) when this leads to mitochondrial and ER photodamage. The explanation for this difference in PDT efficacy remains to be established. While apoptosis was impaired in HPV(-) cells, such cells can be killed via photodamage directed at the ER: this leads to a nonapoptotic death pathway termed paraptosis. No differences in photosensitizer uptake or reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were observed in HPV(+) vs. HPV(-) tumors. We now provide evidence that death pathways initiated by ER/mitochondrial photodamage leading to either paraptosis or apoptosis are impaired in an HPV(+) head and neck cell line. These results illustrate the complex determinants of PDT efficacy, a topic that has yet to be fully explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Kessel
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Won Jin Cho
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Joseph Rakowski
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit MI
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit MI
| | - Harold E. Kim
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit MI
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit MI
| | - Hyeong-Reh C. Kim
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cho WJ, Kessel D, Rakowski J, Loughery B, Najy AJ, Pham T, Kim S, Kwon YT, Kato I, Kim HE, Kim HRC. Photodynamic Therapy as a Potent Radiosensitizer in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061193. [PMID: 33801879 PMCID: PMC7998908 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite the advances in multimodality treatment strategies, more than 30% of patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) experience recurrence of the disease that is usually derived from the residual tumor. The goal of our study is to understand the molecular basis underlying radiotherapy resistance in advanced HNSCC and to identify a mechanism-based radiosensitizer. We found that the autophagic cell survival pathway is upregulated in therapy-resistant HNSCC. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) directed at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/mitochondria induces programmed cell death such as paraptosis and apoptosis in an autophagic adaptor p62-dependent manner, promoting radiotoxicity. Abstract Despite recent advances in therapeutic modalities such as radiochemotherapy, the long-term prognosis for patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), especially nonviral HNSCC, remains very poor, while survival of patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated HNSCC is greatly improved after radiotherapy. The goal of this study is to develop a mechanism-based treatment protocol for high-risk patients with HPV-negative HNSCC. To achieve our goal, we have investigated molecular mechanisms underlying differential radiation sensitivity between HPV-positive and -negative HNSCC cells. Here, we found that autophagy is associated with radioresistance in HPV-negative HNSCC, whereas apoptosis is associated with radiation sensitive HPV-positive HNSCC. Interestingly, we found that photodynamic therapy (PDT) directed at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/mitochondria initially induces paraptosis followed by apoptosis. This led to a substantial increase in radiation responsiveness in HPV-negative HNSCC, while the same PDT treatment had a minimal effect on HPV-positive cells. Here, we provide evidence that the autophagic adaptor p62 mediates signal relay for the induction of apoptosis, promoting ionizing radiation (XRT)-induced cell death in HPV-negative HNSCC. This work proposes that ER/mitochondria-targeted PDT can serve as a radiosensitizer in intrinsically radioresistant HNSCC that exhibits an increased autophagic flux.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Won Jin Cho
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (W.J.C.); (A.J.N.); (T.P.)
| | - David Kessel
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Correspondence: (D.K.); (H.-R.C.K.); Tel.: +1-313-577-1766 (D.K.); +1-313-577-2407 (H.-R.C.K.)
| | - Joseph Rakowski
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (J.R.); (B.L.); (S.K.); (I.K.); (H.E.K.)
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Brian Loughery
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (J.R.); (B.L.); (S.K.); (I.K.); (H.E.K.)
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Abdo J. Najy
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (W.J.C.); (A.J.N.); (T.P.)
| | - Tri Pham
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (W.J.C.); (A.J.N.); (T.P.)
| | - Seongho Kim
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (J.R.); (B.L.); (S.K.); (I.K.); (H.E.K.)
| | - Yong Tae Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Ikuko Kato
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (J.R.); (B.L.); (S.K.); (I.K.); (H.E.K.)
| | - Harold E. Kim
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (J.R.); (B.L.); (S.K.); (I.K.); (H.E.K.)
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Hyeong-Reh C. Kim
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (W.J.C.); (A.J.N.); (T.P.)
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (J.R.); (B.L.); (S.K.); (I.K.); (H.E.K.)
- Correspondence: (D.K.); (H.-R.C.K.); Tel.: +1-313-577-1766 (D.K.); +1-313-577-2407 (H.-R.C.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Choe JH, Mazambani S, Kim TH, Kim JW. Oxidative Stress and the Intersection of Oncogenic Signaling and Metabolism in Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Cells 2021; 10:606. [PMID: 33803326 PMCID: PMC8000417 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) arise from both stratified squamous and non-squamous epithelium of diverse anatomical sites and collectively represent one of the most frequent solid tumors, accounting for more than one million cancer deaths annually. Despite this prevalence, SCC patients have not fully benefited from recent advances in molecularly targeted therapy or immunotherapy. Rather, decades old platinum-based or radiation regimens retaining limited specificity to the unique characteristics of SCC remain first-line treatment options. Historically, a lack of a consolidated perspective on genetic aberrations driving oncogenic transformation and other such factors essential for SCC pathogenesis and intrinsic confounding cellular heterogeneity in SCC have contributed to a critical dearth in effective and specific therapies. However, emerging evidence characterizing the distinct genomic, epigenetic, and metabolic landscapes of SCC may be elucidating unifying features in a seemingly heterogeneous disease. In this review, by describing distinct metabolic alterations and genetic drivers of SCC revealed by recent studies, we aim to establish a conceptual framework for a previously unappreciated network of oncogenic signaling, redox perturbation, and metabolic reprogramming that may reveal targetable vulnerabilities at their intersection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua H. Choe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Simbarashe Mazambani
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (S.M.); (T.H.K.)
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (S.M.); (T.H.K.)
| | - Jung-whan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (S.M.); (T.H.K.)
- Research and Development, VeraVerse Inc., 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Raudenská M, Balvan J, Masařík M. Cell death in head and neck cancer pathogenesis and treatment. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:192. [PMID: 33602906 PMCID: PMC7893032 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03474-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many cancer therapies aim to trigger apoptosis in cancer cells. Nevertheless, the presence of oncogenic alterations in these cells and distorted composition of tumour microenvironment largely limit the clinical efficacy of this type of therapy. Luckily, scientific consensus describes about 10 different cell death subroutines with different regulatory pathways and cancer cells are probably not able to avoid all of cell death types at once. Therefore, a focused and individualised therapy is needed to address the specific advantages and disadvantages of individual tumours. Although much is known about apoptosis, therapeutic opportunities of other cell death pathways are often neglected. Molecular heterogeneity of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) causing unpredictability of the clinical response represents a grave challenge for oncologists and seems to be a critical component of treatment response. The large proportion of this clinical heterogeneity probably lies in alterations of cell death pathways. How exactly cells die is very important because the predominant type of cell death can have multiple impacts on the therapeutic response as cell death itself acts as a second messenger. In this review, we discuss the different types of programmed cell death (PCD), their connection with HNSCC pathogenesis and possible therapeutic windows that result from specific sensitivity to some form of PCD in some clinically relevant subgroups of HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Raudenská
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Balvan
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masařík
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prumyslova 595, CZ-252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Genetic alterations associated with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2020; 14:100988. [PMID: 33359902 PMCID: PMC7758372 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
18F-FDG PET/CT visualizes altered glucose metabolism which is underpinned by the alteration of specific genes and signaling pathways. Our analysis of TCGA-HNSC data showed a positive correlation of FDG uptake with the total and non-silent mutation rates, genetic heterogeneity, and copy number alterations. Significant higher FDG uptake was noted in patients with alterations in cell cycle (CDKN2A gene), or TP53 oncogenic signaling pathways (TP53 gene).
Background We investigated the relationship between genetic alterations and 18F-FDG PET/CT findings in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). Methods Using mRNA-sequences of HNSC samples (480 patients) from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) portal, gene coexpression networks were constructed via a weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) algorithm, and their association with the tumor-to-blood signal ratio on 18F-FDG PET/CT data (21 patients) was explored. An elastic-net regression model was developed to estimate the PET tumor-to-blood ratio from the gene networks and to derive an FDG signature score (FDGSS). The FDGSS was evaluated with regard to clinical variables and general mutational profiles, as well as alterations to oncogenic signaling pathways. Findings The FDGSS values differed across clinical stages (p = 0.027), HPV-status (p< 0.001), and molecular subtypes of HNSC (p< 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression demonstrated that FDGSS was an independent predictor for overall (p = 0.019) and progression-free survival (p = 0.024). FDGSS positively correlated with total mutation rate (p = 0.016), aneuploidy (p < 0.001), and somatic copy number alteration scores (p < 0.001). CDKN2A in the cell cycle pathway (q = 0.014) and the TP53 gene in the TP53 pathway (q = 0.005) showed significant differences between high and low FDGSS patients. Conclusion FDGSS based on the gene coexpression network was associated with the mutational landscape of HNSC. 18F-FDG PET/CT is therefore a valuable tool for the in vivo imaging of these cancers, being able to visualize the glucose metabolism of the tumor and allow inferences to be made on the underlying genetic alterations in the tumor.
Collapse
|
17
|
Willemsen ACH, Degens JHRJ, Baijens LWJ, Dingemans AMC, Hoeben A, Hoebers FJP, De Ruysscher DKM, Schols AMWJ. Early Loss of Fat Mass During Chemoradiotherapy Predicts Overall Survival in Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung, but Not in Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. Front Nutr 2020; 7:600612. [PMID: 33324671 PMCID: PMC7726186 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.600612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer cachexia is highly prevalent in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC), and compromises treatment tolerance and overall survival (OS). NSCLC and LAHNSCC patients share similar risk factors, and receive comparable anti-cancer treatment regimens. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of body composition assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and handgrip strength (HGS) (baseline and early changes during therapy) on OS in NSCLC and LAHNSCC patients treated with platinum-based chemoradiotherapy (CRT) or cetuximab-based bioradiotherapy (BRT). To elucidate potential underlying determinants of early changes in body composition and HGS, specific (fat and fat free) mass loss patterns of squamous NSCLC (sNSCLC) were compared to human papilloma virus negative (HPV–) LAHNSCC patients treated with CRT. Methods: Between 2013 and 2016, BIA and HGS were performed at baseline and after 3 weeks of CRT/BRT in LAHNSCC and NSCLC patients treated with curative intent. Results: Two hundred thirty-three patients were included for baseline measurements. Fat free mass index (FFMI) and HGS<10th percentile of reference values at baseline were both prognostic for poor OS in NSCLC and LAHNSCC [HR 1.64 [95%CI 1.13–2.39], p = 0.01 and HR 2.30 [95%CI 1.33–3.97], p = 0.003, respectively], independent of Charlson Comorbidity Index, cancer site, and gross tumor volume. Early fat mass (FM) loss during CRT was predictive for poor OS in sNSCLC (n = 64) [HR 3.80 [95%CI 1.79–8.06] p ≤ 0.001] but not in HPV– LAHNSCC (n = 61). In patients with significant weight loss (>2%) in the first 3 weeks of CRT (sNSCLC n = 24, HPV– LAHNSCC n = 23), the FM change was −1.4 ± 14.5% and −8.7 ± 9.0% in sNSCLC and HPV– LAHNSCC patients, respectively (p < 0.05). Fat fee mass change was −5.6 ± 6.3% and −4.0 ± 4.3% for sNSCLC and HPV– LAHNSCC, respectively (p = 0.31). Conclusion: FFMI and HGS<10th percentile at baseline are independent prognostic factors for poor OS in NSCLC and LAHNSCC patients treated with CRT/BRT. The specific composition of mass loss during first 3 weeks of CRT significantly differs between sNSCLC and HPV– LAHNSCC patients. Early FM loss was prognostic in sNSCLC only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A C H Willemsen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands.,GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - J H R J Degens
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - L W J Baijens
- GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - A-M C Dingemans
- GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - A Hoeben
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands.,GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - F J P Hoebers
- GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - D K M De Ruysscher
- GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - A M W J Schols
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kirschberg M, Heuser S, Marcuzzi GP, Hufbauer M, Seeger JM, Đukić A, Tomaić V, Majewski S, Wagner S, Wittekindt C, Würdemann N, Klussmann JP, Quaas A, Kashkar H, Akgül B. ATP synthase modulation leads to an increase of spare respiratory capacity in HPV associated cancers. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17339. [PMID: 33060693 PMCID: PMC7567072 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal and skin cancers are associated with infections by human papillomaviruses (HPV). The manner how viral oncoproteins hijack the host cell metabolism to meet their own energy demands and how this may contribute to tumorigenesis is poorly understood. We now show that the HPV oncoprotein E7 of HPV8, HPV11 and HPV16 directly interact with the beta subunit of the mitochondrial ATP-synthase (ATP5B), which may therefore represent a conserved feature across different HPV genera. By measuring both glycolytic and mitochondrial activity we observed that the association of E7 with ATP5B was accompanied by reduction of glycolytic activity. Interestingly, there was a drastic increase in spare mitochondrial respiratory capacity in HPV8-E7 and an even more profound increase in HPV16-E7 expressing cells. In addition, we could show that ATP5B levels were unchanged in betaHPV positive skin cancers. However, comparing HPV-positive and HPV-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) we noticed that, while ATP5B expression levels did not correlate with patient overall survival in HPV-negative OPSCC, there was a strong correlation within the HPV16-positive OPSCC patient group. These novel findings provide evidence that HPV targets the host cell energy metabolism important for viral life cycle and HPV-mediated tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kirschberg
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Heuser
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gian Paolo Marcuzzi
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Hufbauer
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Michael Seeger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene (IMMIH), CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anamaria Đukić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vjekoslav Tomaić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slawomir Majewski
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Steffen Wagner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Claus Wittekindt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nora Würdemann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Peter Klussmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hamid Kashkar
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene (IMMIH), CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Baki Akgül
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56, 50935, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hémon A, Louandre C, Lailler C, Godin C, Bottelin M, Morel V, François C, Galmiche A, Saidak Z. SLC7A11 as a biomarker and therapeutic target in HPV-positive head and neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 533:1083-1087. [PMID: 33019976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.09.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell necrosis was previously reported to be induced upon pharmacological targeting of the cystine transporter SLC7A11 in Head and neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). Whether tumors arising in a context of chronic infection with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) are sensitive to ferroptosis is unknown. Using RNAseq data (both whole-tumor and single-cell sequencing) we report that HPV positive (HPV+ve) tumors have lower expression levels of SLC7A11 compared to HPV negative (HPV-ve) HNSCC. We examined in vitro the effect of erastin, a specific blocker of SLC7A11, applied on two HNSCC cell lines with stable expression of HPV16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins. We report a decrease in total GSH levels and an increased sensitivity to erastin-induced ferroptosis in E6-E7 cells. Cell sensitivity to ferroptosis was specificaly related to a defect in cystine transport since we found no difference in ferroptosis induced by the direct inhibition of GPX4, and N-Acetyl Cystein abolished the difference between WT and E6-E7-expressing cells. Our findings point to SLC7A11 as an HPV-related biomarker of potential therapeutic relevance in HNSCC. Targeting cystine import to promote ferroptosis might be a promising strategy against HPV+ve HNSCC. (188 words).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anais Hémon
- Equipe CHIMERE, EA7516, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU Amiens, France
| | - Christophe Louandre
- Equipe CHIMERE, EA7516, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU Amiens, France
| | - Claire Lailler
- Equipe CHIMERE, EA7516, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU Amiens, France
| | - Corinne Godin
- Equipe CHIMERE, EA7516, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU Amiens, France
| | - Maxime Bottelin
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU Amiens, France
| | - Virginie Morel
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU Amiens, France
| | - Catherine François
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU Amiens, France
| | - Antoine Galmiche
- Equipe CHIMERE, EA7516, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU Amiens, France.
| | - Zuzana Saidak
- Equipe CHIMERE, EA7516, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU Amiens, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Santi M, Mapanao AK, Cappello V, Voliani V. Production of 3D Tumor Models of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas for Nanotheranostics Assessment. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:4862-4869. [PMID: 33395269 PMCID: PMC7735655 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As a first approach, standard 2D cell culture techniques are usually employed for the screening of drugs and nanomaterials. Despite the easy handling, findings achieved on 2D cultures are often not efficiently translatable to in vivo preclinical investigations. Furthermore, although animal models are pivotal in preclinical studies, more strict directives have been implemented to promote the use of alternative biological systems. In this context, the development and integration into preclinical research workflow of 3D neoplasm models is particularly appealing to promote the advancement and success of therapeutics in clinical trials while reducing the number of in vivo models. Indeed, 3D tumor models bridge several discrepancies between 2D cell culture and in vivo models, among which are morphology, polarity, drug penetration, osmolality, and gene expressions. Here, we comprehensively describe a robust and high-throughput hanging drop protocol for the production of 3D models of both Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). We also report the standard cascade assays for their characterization and demonstrate their significance in investigations on these aggressive neoplasms. The employment of relevant 3D cancer models is pivotal to produce more reliable and robust findings in terms of biosafety, theranostic efficacy, and biokinetics as well as to promote further knowledge on HNSCC pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Santi
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ana Katrina Mapanao
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy
- NEST-Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza
San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Cappello
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valerio Voliani
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chandel V, Raj S, Kumar P, Gupta S, Dhasmana A, Kesari KK, Ruokolainen J, Mehra P, Das BC, Kamal MA, Kumar D. Metabolic regulation in HPV associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Life Sci 2020; 258:118236. [PMID: 32795537 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit distinct energy metabolic pathways due to multiple oncogenic events. In normoxia condition, the anaerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) is highly observed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). HNSCC is associated with smoking, chewing tobacco, consumption of alcohol or Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection primarily HPV16. In recent years, the correlation of HPV with HNSCC has significantly expanded. Despite the recent advancement in therapeutic approaches, the rate of HPV infected HNSCC has significantly increased in the last few years, specifically, in lower middle-income countries. The oncoproteins of High-risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV), E6 and E7, alter the metabolic phenotype in HNSCC, which is distinct from non-HPV associated HNSCC. These oncoproteins, modulate the cell cycle and metabolic signalling through interacting with tumor suppressor proteins, p53 and pRb. Since, metabolic alteration represents a major hallmark for tumorigenesis, HPV acts as a source of biomarker linked to cancer progression in HNSCC. The dependency of cancer cells to specific nutrients and alteration of various metabolic associated genes may provide a unique opportunity for pharmacological intervention in HPV infected HNSCC. In this review, we have discussed the molecular mechanism (s) and metabolic regulation in HNSCC depending on the HPV status. We have also discussed the possible potential therapeutic approaches for HPV associated HNSCC through targeting metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Chandel
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Sibi Raj
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Prabhat Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Shilpi Gupta
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Swami Ram Nagar, Jolly Grant, Doiwala, Dehradun 248016, India; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Pravesh Mehra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhudev C Das
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, NSW, Australia
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Radioresistant tumours: From identification to targeting. Cancer Radiother 2020; 24:699-705. [PMID: 32753241 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
From surviving fraction to tumour curability, definitions of tumour radioresistance may vary depending on the view angle. Yet, mechanisms of radioresistance have been identified and involve tumour-specific oncogenic signalling pathways, tumour metabolism and proliferation, tumour microenvironment/hypoxia, genomics. Correlations between tumour biology (histology) and imaging allow theragnostic approaches that use non-invasive biological imaging using tracer functionalization of tumour pathway biomarkers, imaging of hypoxia, etc. Modelling dose prescription function based on their tumour radio-resistant factor enhancement ratio, related to metabolism, proliferation, hypoxia is an area of investigation. Yet, the delivery of dose painting by numbers/voxel-based radiotherapy with low lineal energy transfer particles may be limited by the degree of modulation complexity needed to achieve the doses needed to counteract radioresistance. Higher lineal energy transfer particles or combinations of different particles, or combinations with drugs and devices such as done with radioenhancing nanoparticles may be promising.
Collapse
|
23
|
Cruz-Gregorio A, Aranda-Rivera AK, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Human Papillomavirus-related Cancers and Mitochondria. Virus Res 2020; 286:198016. [PMID: 32445871 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although it has been established that persistent infection with high risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the main cause in the development of cervical cancer, the HR-HPV infection is also related with the cause of a significant fraction of other human malignancies from the mucosal squamous epithelial such as anus, vagina, vulva, penis and oropharynx. HR-HPV infection induces cell proliferation, cell death evasion and genomic instability resulting in cell transformation, due to HPV proteins, which target and modify the function of differents cell molecules and organelles, such as mitochondria. Mitochondria are essential in the production of the cellular energy by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), in the metabolism of nucleotides, aminoacids (aa), and fatty acids, even in the regulation of cell death processes such as apoptosis or mitophagy. Thus, mitochondria have a significant role in the HPV-related cancer development. This review focuses on the role of HPV and mitochondria in HPV-related cancer development, and treatments associated to mitochondrial apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology Department, Laboratories F-225, National Autonomous University of Mexico, CDMX, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology Department, Laboratories F-315, National Autonomous University of Mexico, CDMX, 04510, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico.
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology Department, Laboratories F-315, National Autonomous University of Mexico, CDMX, 04510, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Grasso D, Medeiros HCD, Zampieri LX, Bol V, Danhier P, van Gisbergen MW, Bouzin C, Brusa D, Grégoire V, Smeets H, Stassen APM, Dubois LJ, Lambin P, Dutreix M, Sonveaux P. Fitter Mitochondria Are Associated With Radioresistance in Human Head and Neck SQD9 Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:263. [PMID: 32231567 PMCID: PMC7082361 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) commonly involves chemoradiotherapy, but recurrences often occur that are associated with radioresistance. Using human SQD9 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cancer cells as a model, we aimed to identify metabolic changes associated with acquired radioresistance. In a top-down approach, matched radiosensitive and radioresistant SQD9 cells were generated and metabolically compared, focusing on glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and ROS production. The cell cycle, clonogenicity, tumor growth in mice and DNA damage-repair were assessed. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was sequenced. In a bottom-up approach, matched glycolytic and oxidative SQD9 cells were generated using FACS-sorting, and tested for their radiosensitivity/radioresistance. We found that acquired radioresistance is associated with a shift from a glycolytic to a more oxidative metabolism in SQD9 cells. The opposite was also true, as the most oxidative fraction isolated from SQD9 wild-type cells was also more radioresistant than the most glycolytic fraction. However, neither reduced hexokinase expression nor OXPHOS were directly responsible for the radioresistant phenotype. Radiosensitive and radioresistant cells had similar proliferation rates and were equally efficient for ATP production. They were equally sensitive to redox stress and had similar DNA damage repair, but radioresistant cells had an increased number of mitochondria and a higher mtDNA content. Thus, an oxidative switch is associated with but is not responsible for acquired radioresistance in human SQD9 cells. In radioresistant cells, more abundant and fitter mitochondria could help to preserve mitochondrial functions upon irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debora Grasso
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hyllana C D Medeiros
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium.,Federal University of ABC - Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luca X Zampieri
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vanesa Bol
- Pole of Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology (MIRO), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Danhier
- Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies (NEST) Platform, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marike W van Gisbergen
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Davide Brusa
- IREC Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting Platform, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Grégoire
- Pole of Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology (MIRO), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Hubert Smeets
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology - GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Alphons P M Stassen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology - GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ludwig J Dubois
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Philippe Lambin
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Marie Dutreix
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, Paris-Sud University, Orsay, France
| | - Pierre Sonveaux
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hypoxia-Induced Centrosome Amplification Underlies Aggressive Disease Course in HPV-Negative Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020517. [PMID: 32102296 PMCID: PMC7072660 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus-negative (HPV-neg) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) are associated with poorer overall survival (OS) compared with HPV-positive (HPV-pos) OPSCCs. The major obstacle in improving outcomes of HPV-neg patients is the lack of robust biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Herein, we investigated the role of centrosome amplification (CA) as a prognostic biomarker in HPV-neg OPSCCs. A quantitative evaluation of CA in clinical specimens of OPSCC revealed that (a) HPV-neg OPSCCs exhibit higher CA compared with HPV-pos OPSCCs, and (b) CA was associated with poor OS, even after adjusting for potentially confounding clinicopathologic variables. Contrastingly, CA was higher in HPV-pos cultured cell lines compared to HPV-neg ones. This divergence in CA phenotypes between clinical specimens and cultured cells can therefore be attributed to an inaccurate recapitulation of the in vivo tumor microenvironment in the cultured cell lines, namely a hypoxic environment. The exposure of HPV-neg OPSCC cultured cells to hypoxia or stabilizing HIF-1α genetically increased CA. Both the 26-gene hypoxia signature as well as the overexpression of HIF-1α positively correlated with increased CA in HPV-neg OPSCCs. In addition, we showed that HIF-1α upregulation is associated with the downregulation of miR-34a, increase in CA and expression of cyclin- D1. Our findings demonstrate that the evaluation of CA may aid in therapeutic decision-making, and CA can serve as a promising therapeutic target for HPV-neg OPSCC patients.
Collapse
|
26
|
Özcan-Wahlbrink M, Schifflers C, Riemer AB. Enhanced Radiation Sensitivity of Human Papillomavirus-Driven Head and Neck Cancer: Focus on Immunological Aspects. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2831. [PMID: 31849993 PMCID: PMC6901628 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), emerging in the mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract, are associated with either the classical risk factors, tobacco and alcohol consumption, or with infections with high-risk types of the human papillomavirus (HPV). Depending on the involvement of HPV, HNSCC follow different pathways of carcinogenesis and show distinct clinical presentations regarding survival, prognosis and treatment response. For instance, HPV-driven HNSCC exhibit an enhanced radiation response compared to their typically radioresistant HPV-negative counterparts. Although radiosensitivity of HNSCC has been studied by many research groups, the major causes for the difference in radiation responses between HPV-driven and HPV-negative HNSCC are still an open question. In this mini review, we discuss the reported cellular and immunological factors involved in the enhanced radiation response in HPV-driven HNSCC, focusing on the vital role of the immune response in the outcome of HNSCC radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mine Özcan-Wahlbrink
- Immunotherapy and Immunoprevention, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Molecular Vaccine Design, German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Schifflers
- Immunotherapy and Immunoprevention, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Molecular Vaccine Design, German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Cell Biology Research Unit (URBC)-Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Angelika B Riemer
- Immunotherapy and Immunoprevention, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Molecular Vaccine Design, German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ishikawa S, Wong DTW, Sugimoto M, Gleber-Netto FO, Li F, Tu M, Zhang Y, Akin D, Iino M. Identification of salivary metabolites for oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral epithelial dysplasia screening from persistent suspicious oral mucosal lesions. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 23:3557-3563. [PMID: 30539290 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2777-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify salivary metabolite biomarkers to differentiate patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral epithelial dysplasia (OSCC/OED) from those with persistent suspicious oral mucosal lesions (PSOML). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Whole unstimulated saliva samples were collected from age-, sex-, and race-matched patients who had a lesion in the oral cavity and for whom open biopsies were performed. The patients included OSCC (n = 6), OED (n = 10), and PSOML (n = 32). Hydrophilic metabolites in saliva samples were comprehensively analyzed using capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry. To evaluate the discrimination ability of a combination of multiple markers, a multiple logistic regression (MLR) model was developed to differentiate OSCC/OED from PSOML. RESULTS Six metabolites were significantly different in OSCC/OED compared with PSOML. From these six metabolites, ornithine, o-hydroxybenzoate, and ribose 5-phosphate (R5P) were used to develop the MLR model, which resulted in a high value for the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC 0.871, 95% confidential interval (CI) 0.760-0.982; p < 0.001) to discriminate OSCC/OED from PSOML. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to identify salivary metabolites that discriminate OSCC/OED from PSOML rather than from healthy controls. The profiles of salivary metabolites were significantly different between OSCC/OED and PSOML. The ability to discriminate OSCC/OED from PSOML is important for dentists who are not oral surgery specialists. These salivary metabolites showed potential for non-invasive screening to discriminate OSCC/OED from PSOML. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Salivary metabolites in this study showed potential for non-invasive screening to discriminate OSCC/OED from PSOML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Ishikawa
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
- School of Dentistry, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1668, USA
| | - David T W Wong
- School of Dentistry, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1668, USA
| | - Masahiro Sugimoto
- Health Promotion and Pre-emptive Medicine, Research and Development Center for Minimally Invasive Therapies, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan.
| | | | - Feng Li
- School of Dentistry, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1668, USA
| | - Michael Tu
- School of Dentistry, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1668, USA
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Dentistry, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1668, USA
| | - David Akin
- School of Dentistry, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1668, USA
| | - Mitsuyoshi Iino
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
E6 Oncoproteins from High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Induce Mitochondrial Metabolism in a Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Model. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080351. [PMID: 31398842 PMCID: PMC6722992 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells that are positive for human papillomavirus (HPV+) favor mitochondrial metabolism rather than glucose metabolism. However, the involvement of mitochondrial metabolism in HNSCC HPV+ cells is still unknown. The aim of this work was to evaluate the role of E6 oncoproteins from HPV16 and HPV18 in the mitochondrial metabolism in an HNSCC model. We found that E6 from both viral types abates the phosphorylation of protein kinase B-serine 473 (pAkt), which is associated with a shift in mitochondrial metabolism. E6 oncoproteins increased the levels of protein subunits of mitochondrial complexes (I to IV), as well as the ATP synthase and the protein levels of the voltage dependent anion channel (VDAC). Although E6 proteins increased the basal and leak respiration, the ATP-linked respiration was not affected, which resulted in mitochondrial decoupling. This increase in leak respiration was associated to the induction of oxidative stress (OS) in cells expressing E6, as it was observed by the fall in the glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) rate and the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), carbonylated proteins, and DNA damage. Taken together, our results suggest that E6 oncoproteins from HPV16 and HPV18 are inducers of mitochondrial metabolism.
Collapse
|
29
|
Tan FH, Bai Y, Saintigny P, Darido C. mTOR Signalling in Head and Neck Cancer: Heads Up. Cells 2019; 8:cells8040333. [PMID: 30970654 PMCID: PMC6523933 DOI: 10.3390/cells8040333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway is a central regulator of metabolism in all cells. It senses intracellular and extracellular signals and nutrient levels, and coordinates the metabolic requirements for cell growth, survival, and proliferation. Genetic alterations that deregulate mTOR signalling lead to metabolic reprogramming, resulting in the development of several cancers including those of the head and neck. Gain-of-function mutations in EGFR, PIK3CA, and HRAS, or loss-of-function in p53 and PTEN are often associated with mTOR hyperactivation, whereas mutations identified from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset that potentially lead to aberrant mTOR signalling are found in the EIF4G1, PLD1, RAC1, and SZT2 genes. In this review, we discuss how these mutant genes could affect mTOR signalling and highlight their impact on metabolic processes, as well as suggest potential targets for therapeutic intervention, primarily in head and neck cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona H Tan
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
| | - Yuchen Bai
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
| | - Pierre Saintigny
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Charbel Darido
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chaudhary S, Ganguly K, Muniyan S, Pothuraju R, Sayed Z, Jones DT, Batra SK, Macha MA. Immunometabolic Alterations by HPV Infection: New Dimensions to Head and Neck Cancer Disparity. J Natl Cancer Inst 2019; 111:233-244. [PMID: 30615137 PMCID: PMC6410958 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djy207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer, with high morbidity and mortality. Racial disparity in HNSCC is observed between African Americans (AAs) and whites, effecting both overall and 5-year survival, with worse prognosis for AAs. In addition to socio-economic status and demographic factors, many epidemiological studies have also identified factors including coexisting human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, primary tumor location, and a variety of somatic mutations that contribute to the prognostic incongruities in HNSCC patients among AAs and whites. Recent research also suggests HPV-induced dysregulation of tumor metabolism and immune microenvironment as the major regulators of HNSCC patient prognosis. Outcomes of several preclinical and clinical studies on targeted therapeutics warrant the need to elucidate the inherent mechanistic and population-based disparities underlying patient responses. This review systematically reports the underlying reasons for inconsistency in disease prognosis and therapy responses among HNSCC patients from different racial populations. The focus of this review is twofold: aside from discussing the causes of racial disparity, we also seek to identify the consequences of such disparity in terms of HPV infection and its associated mutational, metabolic, and immune landscapes. Considering the clinical impact of differential patient outcomes among AA and white populations, understanding the underlying cause of this disparity may pave the way for novel precision therapy for HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Koelina Ganguly
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Sakthivel Muniyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Zafar Sayed
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Dwight T Jones
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cruz-Gregorio A, Martínez-Ramírez I, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Lizano M. Reprogramming of Energy Metabolism in Response to Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020182. [PMID: 30764513 PMCID: PMC6406552 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Head and neck squamous cells carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most frequent subtype of HNC. The development of HNSCC is associated to alcohol consumption, smoking or infection by high-risk human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV). Although the incidence of cancers associated with alcohol and tobacco has diminished, HNSCC associated with HR-HPV has significantly increased in recent years. However, HPV-positive HNSCC responds well to treatment, which includes surgery followed by radiation or chemoradiation therapy. Radiation therapy (RT) is based on ionizing radiation (IR) changing cell physiology. IR can directly interact with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or produce reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), provoking DNA damage. When DNA damage is not repaired, programmed cell death (apoptosis and/or autophagy) is induced. However, cancer cells can acquire resistance to IR avoiding cell death, where reprogramming of energy metabolism has a critical role and is intimately connected with hypoxia, mitochondrial physiology, oxidative stress (OS) and autophagy. This review is focused on the reprogramming of energy metabolism in response to RT in HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC, showing their differences in cellular metabolism management and the probable direction of treatments for each subtype of HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, México.
| | - Imelda Martínez-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, México.
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México.
| | - Marcela Lizano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, México.
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Martens RM, Noij DP, Koopman T, Zwezerijnen B, Heymans M, de Jong MC, Hoekstra OS, Vergeer MR, de Bree R, Leemans CR, de Graaf P, Boellaard R, Castelijns JA. Predictive value of quantitative diffusion-weighted imaging and 18-F-FDG-PET in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated by (chemo)radiotherapy. Eur J Radiol 2019; 113:39-50. [PMID: 30927958 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2019.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) (chemo)radiotherapy is increasingly used to preserve organ functionality. The purpose of this study was to identify predictive pretreatment DWI- and 18F-FDG-PET/CT-parameters for treatment failure (TF), locoregional recurrence (LR) and death in HNSCC patients treated by (chemo)radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively included 134 histologically proven HNSCC patients treated with (chemo)radiotherapy between 2012-2017. In 58 patients pre-treatment DWI and 18F-FDG-PET/CT were performed, in 31 patients DWI only and in 45 patients 18F-FDG-PET/CT only. Primary tumor (PT) and largest lymph node (LN) metastasis were quantitatively assessed for TF, LR and death. Multivariate analysis was performed for 18F-FDG-PET/CT and DWI separately and thereafter combined. In patients with both imaging modalities, positive and negative predictive value in TF and differences in LR and death, were assessed. RESULTS Mean follow-up was 25.6 months (interquartile-range; 14.0-37.1 months). Predictors of treatment failure, corrected for TNM-stage and HPV-status, were SUVmax-PT, ADCmax-PT, total lesion glycolysis (TLG-LN), ADCp20-LN (P = 0.049, P = 0.024, P = 0.031, P = 0.047, respectively). TLG-PT was predictive for LR (P = 0.003). Metabolic active tumor volume (MATV-PT) (P = 0.003), ADCGTV-PT (P < 0.001), ADCSD (P = 0.048) were significant predictors for death. In patients with both imaging modalities SUVmax-PT remained predictive for treatment failure (P = 0.049), TLG-LN for LR (P = 0.003) and ADCGTV-PT for death (P < 0.001). Higher predictive value for treatment failure was found for the combination of SUVmax-PT and ADCmax-PT, compared to either one separately. CONCLUSION Both DWI- and 18F-FDG-PET/CT-parameters appear to have predictive value for treatment failure, locoregional recurrence and death. Combining SUVmax-PT and ADCmax-PT resulted in better prediction of treatment failure compared to single parameter assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roland M Martens
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Daniel P Noij
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Koopman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ben Zwezerijnen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn Heymans
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, the Netherlands
| | - Marcus C de Jong
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Otto S Hoekstra
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marije R Vergeer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Remco de Bree
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - C René Leemans
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pim de Graaf
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald Boellaard
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonas A Castelijns
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abdulrahman Z, Kortekaas KE, De Vos Van Steenwijk PJ, Van Der Burg SH, Van Poelgeest MIE. The immune microenvironment in vulvar (pre)cancer: review of literature and implications for immunotherapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2018; 18:1223-1233. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1542426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziena Abdulrahman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kim E Kortekaas
- Department of Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sjoerd H Van Der Burg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Curry JM, Johnson J, Mollaee M, Tassone P, Amin D, Knops A, Whitaker-Menezes D, Mahoney MG, South A, Rodeck U, Zhan T, Harshyne L, Philp N, Luginbuhl A, Cognetti D, Tuluc M, Martinez-Outschoorn U. Metformin Clinical Trial in HPV+ and HPV- Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Impact on Cancer Cell Apoptosis and Immune Infiltrate. Front Oncol 2018; 8:436. [PMID: 30364350 PMCID: PMC6193523 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metformin, an oral anti-hyperglycemic drug which inhibits mitochondrial complex I and oxidative phosphorylation has been reported to correlate with improved outcomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and other cancers. This effect is postulated to occur through disruption of tumor-driven metabolic and immune dysregulation in the tumor microenvironment (TME). We report new findings on the impact of metformin on the tumor and immune elements of the TME from a clinical trial of metformin in HNSCC. Methods: Human papilloma virus—(HPV–) tobacco+ mucosal HNSCC samples (n = 12) were compared to HPV+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) samples (n = 17) from patients enrolled in a clinical trial. Apoptosis in tumor samples pre- and post-treatment with metformin was compared by deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Metastatic lymph nodes with extra-capsular extension (ECE) in metformin-treated patients (n = 7) were compared to archival lymph node samples with ECE (n = 11) for differences in immune markers quantified by digital image analysis using co-localization and nuclear algorithms (PD-L1, FoxP3, CD163, CD8). Results: HPV–, tobacco + HNSCC (mean Δ 13.7/high power field) specimens had a significantly higher increase in apoptosis compared to HPV+ OPSCC specimens (mean Δ 5.7/high power field) (p < 0.001). Analysis of the stroma at the invasive front in ECE nodal specimens from both HPV—HNSCC and HPV+ OPSCC metformin treated specimens showed increased CD8+ effector T cell infiltrate (mean 22.8%) compared to archival specimens (mean 10.7%) (p = 0.006). Similarly, metformin treated specimens showed an increased FoxP3+ regulatory T cell infiltrate (mean 9%) compared to non-treated archival specimens (mean 5%) (p = 0.019). Conclusions: This study presents novel data demonstrating that metformin differentially impacts HNSCC subtypes with greater apoptosis in HPV—HNSCC compared to HPV+ OPSCC. Moreover, we present the first in vivo human evidence that metformin may also trigger increased CD8+ Teff and FoxP3+ Tregs in the TME, suggesting an immunomodulatory effect in HNSCC. Further research is necessary to assess the effect of metformin on the TME of HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Curry
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jennifer Johnson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mehri Mollaee
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell biology, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Patrick Tassone
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dev Amin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Alexander Knops
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Diana Whitaker-Menezes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - My G Mahoney
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Andrew South
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ulrich Rodeck
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Tingting Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Larry Harshyne
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nancy Philp
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell biology, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Adam Luginbuhl
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - David Cognetti
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Madalina Tuluc
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell biology, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ubaldo Martinez-Outschoorn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lucido CT, Callejas-Valera JL, Colbert PL, Vermeer DW, Miskimins WK, Spanos WC, Vermeer PD. β 2-Adrenergic receptor modulates mitochondrial metabolism and disease progression in recurrent/metastatic HPV(+) HNSCC. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:81. [PMID: 30297705 PMCID: PMC6175933 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of human papillomavirus-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV[ + ] HNSCC) is rapidly increasing. Although clinical management of primary HPV( + ) HNSCC is relatively successful, disease progression, including recurrence and metastasis, is often fatal. Moreover, patients with progressive disease face limited treatment options and significant treatment-associated morbidity. These clinical data highlight the need to identify targetable mechanisms that drive disease progression in HPV( + ) HNSCC to prevent and/or treat progressive disease. Interestingly, β-adrenergic signaling has recently been associated with pro-tumor processes in several disease types. Here we show that an aggressive murine model of recurrent/metastatic HPV( + ) HNSCC upregulates β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) expression, concordant with significantly heightened mitochondrial metabolism, as compared with the parental model from which it spontaneously derived. β-Adrenergic blockade effectively inhibits in vitro proliferation and migratory capacity in this model, effects associated with an attenuation of hyperactive mitochondrial respiration. Importantly, propranolol, a clinically available nonselective β-blocker, significantly slows primary tumor growth, inhibits metastatic development, and shows additive benefit alongside standard-of-care modalities in vivo. Further, via CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we show that the hyperactive mitochondrial metabolic profile and aggressive in vivo phenotype of this recurrent/metastatic model are dependent on β2AR expression. These data implicate β2AR as a modulator of mitochondrial metabolism and disease progression in HPV( + ) HNSCC, and warrant further investigation into the use of β-blockers as low cost, relatively tolerable, complementary treatment options in the clinical management of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Lucido
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St North, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - Juan L Callejas-Valera
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St North, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - Paul L Colbert
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St North, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - Daniel W Vermeer
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St North, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - W Keith Miskimins
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St North, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - William C Spanos
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St North, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - Paola D Vermeer
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St North, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cui GX, Gao XL, Liang XH. [Invasion and metastasis mechanism of human papillomavirus in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2018; 36:544-551. [PMID: 30465350 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major causative agent of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Over the past several decades, an increasing number of studies established the strong association of HPV with the invasion and metastasis of HNSCC. In the present study, we reviewed the gene mutations in HPV-associated HNSCC and the unique mechanism of E6- and E7-mediated carcinogenesis via interactions with an array of cellular elements. We further discussed the progress in the mechanisms of invasion and metastasis; these mechanisms include non-coding RNAs, deregulating cellular energetics, tumor microenvironment, cancer stem cells, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Xue Cui
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng 024000, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Brüggmann D, Kayser L, Jaque J, Bundschuh M, Klingelhöfer D, Groneberg DA. Human papilloma virus: global research architecture assessed by density-equalizing mapping. Oncotarget 2018; 9:21965-21977. [PMID: 29774116 PMCID: PMC5955169 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is linked to cervical cancer, which represents the world's fourth most common cancer in women. So far, no detailed map of the worldwide HPV research architecture has been constructed. Hence, this study focuses on the chronological development and geographical distribution of the global HPV-specific publications and evaluates citation-based parameters as well as socioeconomic features of the publishing countries. In total, 29,330 HPV-related publications were identified. The US was the leading country with 12,270 publications. Only high-income-countries were found in the ranking of the fifteen most active countries with Germany, France, and Japan among the top five. Analysis of HPV research activity in relation to the economic strength demonstrated a lead position of Finland and Sweden with an average of 2248.78 and 1924.67 HPV-related publications per GDP in 1000 bn US-$, respectively. The most active upper-middle-income country was Mexico (416.78 HPV-related publications per GDP in 1000 bn US-$). India as lower-middle-income country reached a value of 279.78 HPV-related publications per GDP in 1000 bn US-$. Collaboration analysis pointed to the US as the center of the 4517 international HPV collaborations. The worldwide HPV-research landscape is dominated by North American and Western European countries. By contrast, a high prevalence of HPV-related cervical cancer is documented for low-income countries. Hence, HPV-related public health interventions and prevention research specifically tailored to these countries needs to be fostered by monetary support and international collaborations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dörthe Brüggmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Department of Female Health and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Luise Kayser
- Department of Female Health and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Jenny Jaque
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Matthias Bundschuh
- Department of Female Health and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Doris Klingelhöfer
- Department of Female Health and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - David A. Groneberg
- Department of Female Health and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α activation in HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Oncotarget 2017; 8:89681-89691. [PMID: 29163780 PMCID: PMC5685701 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a causative agent for a rising number of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), which are characterized by distinct tumor biology. Hypoxia inducible-factor (HIF) signaling influences initiation and progression of carcinogenesis and HPV oncoproteins have evolved to highjack cellular pathways for viral reproduction. Therefore, we investigated whether HPV activates HIF-1α expression in HNSCC. Experimental Technique HPV-positive and -negative HNSCC cells were examined for adaptive responses to hypoxia. Expression of HIF-1α, prolyl hydroxylase-domain protein 2 (PHD2) and E-cadherin was analyzed by Western blotting, immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy and migration/wound healing assays. Results HPV-positive HNSCC cells showed higher HIF-1α and PHD2 protein levels under normoxia and hypoxia. HIF-1α hydroxylation was reduced in HPV-positive HNSCC cell lines under PHD and proteasomal inhibition. In vitro wound healing assays showed impairment of migration and proliferation by HIF-1α pathway activation in HPV-negative cell lines only. In contrast, migration and proliferation in HPV-positive cell lines was impaired by HIF-1α specific siRNA. Conclusions HPV-positive HNSCC cells show activation of the HIF pathway and adaptation to HIF-1α upregulation, representing potential therapeutic targets in this emerging tumor entity.
Collapse
|