1
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Wang Y, Liu Q, Deng L, Ma X, Gong Y, Wang Y, Zhou F. The roles of epigenetic regulation in graft-versus-host disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116652. [PMID: 38692061 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) is utilized as a potential curative treatment for various hematologic malignancies. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) post-aHSCT is a severe complication that significantly impacts patients' quality of life and overall survival, becoming a major cause of non-relapse mortality. In recent years, the association between epigenetics and GVHD has garnered increasing attention. Epigenetics focuses on studying mechanisms that affect gene expression without altering DNA sequences, primarily including DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulation, and RNA modifications. This review summarizes the role of epigenetic regulation in the pathogenesis of GVHD, with a focus on DNA methylation, histone modifications, ncRNA, RNA modifications and their involvement and applications in the occurrence and development of GVHD. It also highlights advancements in relevant diagnostic markers and drugs, aiming to provide new insights for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Deng
- Department of Hematology, the 960th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, China
| | - Xiting Ma
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuling Gong
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Hematology, the 960th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, China.
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2
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Liu J, Cao YG, Zhang RL, Zhai WH, Chen X, Ma QL, Pang AM, Yang DL, Wei JL, He Y, Feng SZ, Han MZ, Jiang EL. [Effect and safety of 10-day decitabine-containing conditioning regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 31 patients with acute myeloid leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2023; 44:472-478. [PMID: 37550202 PMCID: PMC10450562 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the early effect and safety of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with a 10-day decitabine-containing conditioning regimen in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) /myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) . Methods: From April 2021 to May 2022, 31 AML/MDS patients who received allo-HSCT with a 10-day decitabine-containing conditioning regimen were analyzed. Results: AML (n=10), MDS-AML (n=6), CMML-AML (n=1), and MDS (n=14) were identified in 31 patients, 16 males, and 15 females, with a median age of 41 (20-55) yr. Neutrophils and platelets were successfully implanted in 31 patients (100%), with a median implantation duration of 12 (9-30) and 14 (9-42) days, respectively. During the preconditioning period, 16 patients (51.6%) developed oral mucositis, with 15 cases of Ⅰ/Ⅱ grade (48.4%) and one case of Ⅲ grade (3.2%). After transplantation, 13 patients (41.9%) developed CMV viremia, six patients (19.4%) developed hemorrhagic cystitis, and four patients (12.9%) developed a local infection. The median time of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) following transplantation was 33 (12-111) days. The cumulative incidence of aGVHD and Ⅲ/Ⅳ grade aGVHD was 41.9% (95% CI 26.9%-61.0%) and 22.9% (95% CI 13.5%-47.5%), respectively. There was no severe cGVHD, and mild and moderate chronic GVHD (cGVHD) incidence was 23.5% (95% CI 12.1%-43.6%). As of November 30, 2022, only one of the 31 patients had relapsed, with a 1-yr cumulative relapse rate (CIR) of 3.2% (95% CI 0.5%-20.7%). There was only one relapse patient death and no non-relapse deaths. The 1-yr overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 92.9% (95% CI 80.3%-100%) and 96.8% (95% CI 90.8%-100%), respectively. Conclusions: A 10-day decitabine-containing conditioning regimen for allo-HSCT reduced relapse and was safe and feasible in treating AML/MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Y G Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - R L Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - W H Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - X Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Q L Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - A M Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - D L Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - J L Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Y He
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - S Z Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - M Z Han
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - E L Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
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3
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Gutierrez WR, Scherer A, Rytlewski JD, Laverty EA, Sheehan AP, McGivney GR, Brockman QR, Knepper-Adrian V, Roughton GA, Quelle DE, Gordon DJ, Monga V, Dodd RD. Augmenting chemotherapy with low-dose decitabine through an immune-independent mechanism. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e159419. [PMID: 36227698 PMCID: PMC9746804 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.159419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA methyltransferase inhibitor decitabine has classically been used to reactivate silenced genes and as a pretreatment for anticancer therapies. In a variation of this idea, this study explores the concept of adding low-dose decitabine (DAC) following administration of chemotherapy to bolster therapeutic efficacy. We find that addition of DAC following treatment with the chemotherapy agent gemcitabine improves survival and slows tumor growth in a mouse model of high-grade sarcoma. Unlike prior studies in epithelial tumor models, DAC did not induce a robust antitumor T cell response in sarcoma. Furthermore, DAC synergizes with gemcitabine independently of the immune system. Mechanistic analyses demonstrate that the combination therapy induces biphasic cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Therapeutic efficacy was sequence dependent, with gemcitabine priming cells for treatment with DAC through inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase. This study identifies an apparently unique application of DAC to augment the cytotoxic effects of conventional chemotherapy in an immune-independent manner. The concepts explored in this study represent a promising paradigm for cancer treatment by augmenting chemotherapy through addition of DAC to increase tolerability and improve patient response. These findings have widespread implications for the treatment of sarcomas and other aggressive malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wade R. Gutierrez
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program
- Medical Scientist Training Program
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Amanda Scherer
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | | | - Alexa P. Sheehan
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Molecular Medicine Graduate Program
| | - Gavin R. McGivney
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics
| | - Qierra R. Brockman
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Molecular Medicine Graduate Program
| | | | | | - Dawn E. Quelle
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program
- Medical Scientist Training Program
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Molecular Medicine Graduate Program
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology
- Department of Pathology, and
| | - David J. Gordon
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Varun Monga
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Rebecca D. Dodd
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program
- Medical Scientist Training Program
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Molecular Medicine Graduate Program
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4
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Wang QY, Liu HH, Dong YJ, Liang ZY, Yin Y, Liu W, Wang QY, Wang Q, Sun YH, Xu WL, Han N, Li Y, Ren HY. Low-Dose 5-Aza and DZnep Alleviate Acute Graft- Versus-Host Disease With Less Side Effects Through Altering T-Cell Differentiation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:780708. [PMID: 35281001 PMCID: PMC8907421 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.780708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous studies showed that hypomethylating agents (HMAs) could alleviate acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD), but affect engraftment after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The combination of two different HMAs in lower doses might overcome this problem. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment effect of the combination of two HMAs—azacitidine (5-Aza) and histone H3K27 methyltransferase inhibitor 3-deazaneplanocin (DZNep)—for the prophylaxis of aGvHD after allo-HSCT and to explore the possible mechanisms. Methods We first optimized the concentrations of individual and combinational 5-Aza and DZNep treatments to ensure no obvious toxicities on activated T cells by evaluating T-cell proliferation, viability, and differentiation. A mouse model of aGvHD was then established to assess the prophylactic efficacy of 5-Aza, DZNep, and their combination on aGvHD. The immunomodulatory effect on T cells and the hematopoietic reconstruction were assessed. Additionally, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. Results Compared with single treatments, the in vitro application of 5-Aza with DZNep could more powerfully reduce the production of T helper type 1 (Th1)/T cytotoxic type 1 (Tc1) cells and increase the production of regulatory T cells (Tregs). In an allo-HSCT mouse model, in vivo administration of 5-Aza with DZNep could enhance the prophylactic effect for aGvHD compared with single agents. The mechanism study demonstrated that the combination of 5-Aza and DZNep in vivo had an enhanced effect to inhibit the production of Th1/Tc1, increase the proportions of Th2/Tc2, and induce the differentiation of Tregs as in vitro. RNA-seq analysis revealed the cytokine and chemokine pathways as one mechanism for the alleviation of aGvHD with the combination of 5-Aza and DZNep. Conclusion The combination of 5-Aza and DZNep could enhance the prophylactic effect for aGvHD by influencing donor T-cell differentiation through affecting cytokine and chemokine pathways. This study shed light on the effectively prophylactic measure for aGvHD using different epigenetic agent combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ya Wang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Hui Liu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Jun Dong
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ze Yin Liang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yun Wang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Hua Sun
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Lin Xu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Han
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Yun Ren
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
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5
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Han P, Hou Y, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Yu T, Sun Y, Wang H, Xu P, Li G, Sun T, Hu X, Liu X, Li L, Peng J, Zhou H, Hou M. Low-dose decitabine modulates T-cell homeostasis and restores immune tolerance in immune thrombocytopenia. Blood 2021; 138:674-688. [PMID: 33876188 PMCID: PMC8394906 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous clinical study showed that low-dose decitabine exhibited sustained responses in nearly half of patients with refractory immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). The long-term efficacy of decitabine in ITP is not likely due to its simple role in increasing platelet production. Whether decitabine has the potential to restore immune tolerance in ITP is unknown. In this study, we analyzed the effect of decitabine on T-cell subpopulations in ITP in vitro and in vivo. We found that low-dose decitabine promoted the generation and differentiation of regulatory T (Treg) cells and augmented their immunosuppressive function. Splenocytes from CD61 knockout mice immunized with CD61+ platelets were transferred into severe combined immunodeficient mouse recipients to induce a murine model of ITP. Low-dose decitabine alleviated thrombocytopenia and restored the balance between Treg and helper T (Th) cells in active ITP mice. Treg deletion and depletion offset the effect of decitabine in restoring CD4+ T-cell subpopulations in ITP mice. For patients who received low-dose decitabine, the quantity and function of Treg cells were substantially improved, whereas Th1 and Th17 cells were suppressed compared with the pretreatment levels. Next-generation RNA-sequencing and cytokine analysis showed that low-dose decitabine rebalanced T-cell homeostasis, decreased proinflammatory cytokines, and downregulated phosphorylated STAT3 in patients with ITP. STAT3 inhibition analysis suggested that low-dose decitabine might restore Treg cells by inhibiting STAT3 activation. In conclusion, our data indicate that the immunomodulatory effect of decitabine provides one possible mechanistic explanation for the sustained response achieved by low-dose decitabine in ITP.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Animals
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Middle Aged
- Blood Platelets/immunology
- Decitabine/administration & dosage
- Immune Tolerance/drug effects
- Immunologic Factors/administration & dosage
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, SCID
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/drug therapy
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/immunology
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/pathology
- Recovery of Function/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/pathology
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Th1 Cells/pathology
- Th17 Cells/immunology
- Th17 Cells/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Hou
- Department of Hematology
- Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tao Sun
- Department of Hematology
- Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, and
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Hematology
- Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, and
| | - Xinguang Liu
- Department of Hematology
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lizhen Li
- Department of Hematology
- Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, and
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology
- Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, and
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai Zhou
- Department of Hematology
- Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, and
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Hou
- Department of Hematology
- Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, and
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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6
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Zhao C, Zhang Y, Zheng H. The Effects of Interferons on Allogeneic T Cell Response in GVHD: The Multifaced Biology and Epigenetic Regulations. Front Immunol 2021; 12:717540. [PMID: 34305954 PMCID: PMC8297501 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.717540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a potentially curative therapy for hematological malignancies. This beneficial effect is derived mainly from graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effects mediated by alloreactive T cells. However, these alloreactive T cells can also induce graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a life-threatening complication after allo-HSCT. Significant progress has been made in the dissociation of GVL effects from GVHD by modulating alloreactive T cell immunity. However, many factors may influence alloreactive T cell responses in the host undergoing allo-HSCT, including the interaction of alloreactive T cells with both donor and recipient hematopoietic cells and host non-hematopoietic tissues, cytokines, chemokines and inflammatory mediators. Interferons (IFNs), including type I IFNs and IFN-γ, primarily produced by monocytes, dendritic cells and T cells, play essential roles in regulating alloreactive T cell differentiation and function. Many studies have shown pleiotropic effects of IFNs on allogeneic T cell responses during GVH reaction. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, are important to regulate IFNs’ production and function during GVHD. In this review, we discuss recent findings from preclinical models and clinical studies that characterize T cell responses regulated by IFNs and epigenetic mechanisms, and further discuss pharmacological approaches that modulate epigenetic effects in the setting of allo-HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Zhao
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Yi Zhang
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hong Zheng
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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7
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Epigenetic DNA Methylation of EBI3 Modulates Human Interleukin-35 Formation via NFkB Signaling: A Promising Therapeutic Option in Ulcerative Colitis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105329. [PMID: 34069352 PMCID: PMC8158689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC), a severe chronic disease with unclear etiology that is associated with increased risk for colorectal cancer, is accompanied by dysregulation of cytokines. Epstein–Barr virus-induced gene 3 (EBI3) encodes a subunit in the unique heterodimeric IL-12 cytokine family of either pro- or anti-inflammatory function. After having recently demonstrated that upregulation of EBI3 by histone acetylation alleviates disease symptoms in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-treated mouse model of chronic colitis, we now aimed to examine a possible further epigenetic regulation of EBI3 by DNA methylation under inflammatory conditions. Treatment with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) decitabine (DAC) and TNFα led to synergistic upregulation of EBI3 in human colon epithelial cells (HCEC). Use of different signaling pathway inhibitors indicated NFκB signaling was necessary and proportional to the synergistic EBI3 induction. MALDI-TOF/MS and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of DAC/TNFα-treated HCEC identified IL-12p35 as the most probable binding partner to form a functional protein. EBI3/IL-12p35 heterodimers (IL-35) induce their own gene upregulation, something that was indeed observed in HCEC cultured with media from previously DAC/TNFα-treated HCEC. These results suggest that under inflammatory and demethylating conditions the upregulation of EBI3 results in the formation of anti-inflammatory IL-35, which might be considered as a therapeutic target in colitis.
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8
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Huang YS, Tseng WY, Clanchy FIL, Topping LM, Ogbechi J, McNamee K, Perocheau D, Chiang NY, Ericsson P, Sundstedt A, Xue ZT, Salford LG, Sjögren HO, Stone TW, Lin HH, Luo SF, Williams RO. Pharmacological modulation of T cell immunity results in long-term remission of autoimmune arthritis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2100939118. [PMID: 33941676 PMCID: PMC8126779 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2100939118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis are characterized by a deficit in fully functional regulatory T cells. DNA-methylation inhibitors have previously been shown to promote regulatory T cell responses and, in the present study, we evaluated their potential to ameliorate chronic and acute animal models of rheumatoid arthritis. Of the drugs tested, decitabine was the most effective, producing a sustained therapeutic effect that was dependent on indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and was associated with expansion of induced regulatory T cells, particularly at the site of disease activity. Treatment with decitabine also caused apoptosis of Th1 and Th17 cells in active arthritis in a highly selective manner. The molecular basis for this selectivity was shown to be ENT1, a nucleoside transporter, which facilitates intracellular entry of the drug and is up-regulated on effector T cells during active arthritis. It was further shown that short-term treatment with decitabine resulted in the generation of a population of regulatory T cells that were able to suppress arthritis upon adoptive transfer. In summary, a therapeutic approach using an approved drug is described that treats active inflammatory disease effectively and generates robust regulatory T cells with the IDO-dependent capacity to maintain remission.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/immunology
- Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Experimental/immunology
- Arthritis, Experimental/metabolism
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Autoimmune Diseases/drug therapy
- Autoimmune Diseases/immunology
- Autoimmune Diseases/metabolism
- DNA Demethylation/drug effects
- Decitabine/pharmacology
- Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1/genetics
- Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1/immunology
- Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1/metabolism
- Humans
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/genetics
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/immunology
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Mice, Knockout
- Remission Induction
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- Th1 Cells/cytology
- Th1 Cells/drug effects
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Th17 Cells/cytology
- Th17 Cells/drug effects
- Th17 Cells/immunology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shu Huang
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yi Tseng
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
| | - Felix I L Clanchy
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, United Kingdom
| | - Louise M Topping
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Joy Ogbechi
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Kay McNamee
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Dany Perocheau
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Nien-Yi Chiang
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Ericsson
- The Rausing Laboratory, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Anette Sundstedt
- The Rausing Laboratory, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
- Idogen AB, SE-223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Zhong-Tian Xue
- The Rausing Laboratory, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Leif G Salford
- The Rausing Laboratory, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
- Idogen AB, SE-223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Hans-Olov Sjögren
- The Rausing Laboratory, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
- Idogen AB, SE-223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Trevor W Stone
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Hsi-Hsien Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Shue-Fen Luo
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Richard O Williams
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom;
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9
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Decitabine Promotes Modulation in Phenotype and Function of Monocytes and Macrophages That Drive Immune Response Regulation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040868. [PMID: 33921194 PMCID: PMC8069756 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Decitabine is an approved hypomethylating agent used for treating hematological malignancies. Although decitabine targets altered cells, epidrugs can trigger immunomodulatory effects, reinforcing the hypothesis of immunoregulation in treated patients. We therefore aimed to evaluate the impact of decitabine treatment on the phenotype and functions of monocytes and macrophages, which are pivotal cells of the innate immunity system. In vitro decitabine administration increased bacterial phagocytosis and IL-8 release, but impaired microbicidal activity of monocytes. In addition, during monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation, treatment promoted the M2-like profile, with increased expression of CD206 and ALOX15. Macrophages also demonstrated reduced infection control when exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro. However, cytokine production remained unchanged, indicating an atypical M2 macrophage. Furthermore, when macrophages were cocultured with lymphocytes, decitabine induced a reduction in the release of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, maintaining IL-10 production, suggesting that decitabine could potentialize M2 polarization and might be considered as a therapeutic against the exacerbated immune response.
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10
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Li X, Dong L, Liu J, Wang C, Zhang Y, Mei Q, Han W, Xie P, Nie J. Low-Dose Decitabine Augments the Activation and Anti-Tumor Immune Response of IFN-γ + CD4 + T Cells Through Enhancing IκBα Degradation and NF-κB Activation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:647713. [PMID: 33791306 PMCID: PMC8005576 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.647713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CD4+ T cells play multiple roles in controlling tumor growth and increasing IFN-γ+ T-helper 1 cell population could promote cell-mediated anti-tumor immune response. We have previously showed that low-dose DNA demethylating agent decitabine therapy promotes CD3+ T-cell proliferation and cytotoxicity; however, direct regulation of purified CD4+ T cells and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Methods The effects of low-dose decitabine on sorted CD4+ T cells were detected both in vitro and in vivo. The activation, proliferation, intracellular cytokine production and cytolysis activity of CD4+ T cells were analyzed by FACS and DELFIA time-resolved fluorescence assays. In vivo ubiquitination assay was performed to assess protein degradation. Moreover, phosphor-p65 and IκBα levels were detected in sorted CD4+ T cells from solid tumor patients with decitabine-based therapy. Results Low-dose decitabine treatment promoted the proliferation and activation of sorted CD4+ T cells, with increased frequency of IFN-γ+ Th1 subset and enhanced cytolytic activity in vitro and in vivo. NF-κB inhibitor, BAY 11-7082, suppressed decitabine-induced CD4+ T cell proliferation and IFN-γ production. In terms of mechanism, low-dose decitabine augmented the expression of E3 ligase β-TrCP, promoted the ubiquitination and degradation of IκBα and resulted in NF-κB activation. Notably, we observed that in vitro low-dose decitabine treatment induced NF-κB activation in CD4+ T cells from patients with a response to decitabine-primed chemotherapy rather than those without a response. Conclusion These data suggest that low-dose decitabine potentiates CD4+ T cell anti-tumor immunity through enhancing IκBα degradation and therefore NF-κB activation and IFN-γ production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Cell Biology, The Municipal Key Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Bio-therapeutic, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Bio-therapeutic, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiejie Liu
- Department of Bio-therapeutic, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunmeng Wang
- Department of Bio-therapeutic, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Bio-therapeutic, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Mei
- Department of Bio-therapeutic, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Bio-therapeutic, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Cell Biology, The Municipal Key Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Bio-therapeutic, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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11
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Landman S, van der Horst C, van Erp PEJ, Joosten I, de Vries R, Koenen HJPM. Immune responses to azacytidine in animal models of inflammatory disorders: a systematic review. J Transl Med 2021; 19:11. [PMID: 33407530 PMCID: PMC7788785 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02615-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory disorders like diabetes, systemic lupus erythematodes, inflammatory lung diseases, rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, but also rejection of transplanted organs and GvHD, form a major burden of disease. Current classes of immune suppressive drugs to treat these disorders are never curative and side effects are common. Therefore there is a need for new drugs with improved and more targeted modes of action. Potential candidates are the DNA methyl transferase inhibitor 5-azacytidine (Aza) and its derivative 5-aza 2′deoxycitidine (DAC). Aza and DAC have been tested in several pre-clinical in vivo studies. In order to obtain an overview of disorders for which Aza and/or DAC can be a potential treatment, and to find out where information is lacking, we systematically reviewed pre-clinical animal studies assessing Aza or DAC as a potential therapy for distinct inflammatory disorders. Also, study quality and risk of bias was systematically assessed. In the 35 identified studies, we show that both Aza and DAC do not only seem to be able to alleviate a number of inflammatory disorders, but also prevent solid organ rejection and GvHD in in vivo pre-clinical animal models. Aza/DAC are known to upregulate FOXP3, a master transcription factor for Treg, in vitro. Seventeen studies described the effect on Treg, of which 16 studies showed an increase in Treg. Increasing Treg therefore seems to be a common mechanism in preventing inflammatory disorders by Aza/DAC. We also found, however, that many essential methodological details were poorly reported leading to an unclear risk of bias. Therefore, reported effects might be an overestimation of the true effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sija Landman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine-Laboratory Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Chiel van der Horst
- Department of Laboratory Medicine-Laboratory Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Piet E J van Erp
- Department of Dermatology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Irma Joosten
- Department of Laboratory Medicine-Laboratory Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rob de Vries
- Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE), Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J P M Koenen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine-Laboratory Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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12
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Loss of MBD2 affects early T cell development by inhibiting the WNT signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2020; 398:112400. [PMID: 33271126 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation alters the expression of certain genes without any alteration to the DNA sequence and is a dynamic process during normal hematopoietic differentiation. As an epigenetic regulator, methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 (MBD2) is an important member of the MBD protein family and is acknowledged as a "reader" of DNA methylation. We used a mouse model to study the effects of MBD2 on the early development of T cells. Here, we found that MBD2 deficiency led to retardation of T cell differentiation at the DN3 stage. Meanwhile, decreased proliferative capacity and increased apoptosis were detected in Mbd2-/- DN thymocytes. Furthermore, we found the WNT pathway was significantly down-regulated in Mbd2-/- DN thymocytes: DKK1 (Dickkopf-1) expression was significantly increased, while TCF7 (transcription factor 7) and c-MYC were down-regulated. Thus, these findings established that MBD2 acted as a dominant regulator to imprint DN T cell development via the WNT pathway.
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13
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Kalin B, van Norden Y, van Gelder M, Breems D, Maertens J, Jongen-Lavrencic M, Broers AEC, Braakman E, Grob T, Zeijlemaker W, Ossenkoppele GJ, Meijer E, Cornelissen JJ. Panobinostat and decitabine prior to donor lymphocyte infusion in allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Blood Adv 2020; 4:4430-4437. [PMID: 32936907 PMCID: PMC7509859 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is adversely affected by relapse to a considerable degree. To exploit the graft-versus-leukemia effect more effectively, we assessed the feasibility of early initiation of epigenetic therapy with panobinostat and decitabine after allo-HSCT and before donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) in poor-risk patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or refractory anemia with excess blasts with International Prognostic Scoring System score ≥1.5. A total of 140 poor-risk patients with AML aged 18 to 70 years were registered, and 110 proceeded to allo-HSCT. Three dose levels were evaluated for dose-limiting toxicities, including panobinostat monotherapy 20 mg at days 1, 4, 8, and 11 of a 4-week cycle (PNB mono group) and panobinostat combined with either decitabine 20 mg/m2 (PNB/DAC20 group) or decitabine 10 mg/m2 (PNB/DAC10 group) at days 1 to 3 of every 4-week cycle. After phase 1, the study continued as phase 2, focusing on completion of protocol treatment and treatment outcome. PNB mono and PNB/DAC10 were feasible, whereas PNB/DAC20 was not related to prolonged cytopenia. Sixty of 110 patients who underwent transplantation were eligible to receive their first DLI within 115 days after allo-HSCT. Grade 3 and 4 adverse events related to panobinostat and decitabine were observed in 23 (26%) of the 87 patients, and they received epigenetic therapy. Cumulative incidence of relapse was 35% (standard error [SE] 5), and overall survival and progression-free survival at 24 months were 50% (SE 5) and 49% (SE 5). Post-allo-HSCT epigenetic therapy with panobinostat alone or in combination with low-dose decitabine is feasible and is associated with a relatively low relapse rate. The trial was registered at the European Clinical Trial Registry, https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu, as ECT2012-003344-74.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Kalin
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Norden
- HOVON Data Center, Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Gelder
- Department of Hematology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitri Breems
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Network Antwerp, Campus Stuivenberg, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johan Maertens
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
| | - Mojca Jongen-Lavrencic
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annoek E C Broers
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Braakman
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Grob
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wendelien Zeijlemaker
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gert J Ossenkoppele
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Meijer
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan J Cornelissen
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Reduction of Global H3K27me 3 Enhances HER2/ErbB2 Targeted Therapy. Cell Rep 2020; 29:249-257.e8. [PMID: 31597089 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase ERBB2/HER2, such as Trastuzumab, are the standard of care therapy for breast cancers driven by ERBB2 overexpression and activation. However, a substantial proportion of patients exhibit de novo resistance. Here, by comparing matched Trastuzumab-naive and post-treatment patient samples from a neoadjuvant trial, we link resistance with elevation of H3K27me3, a repressive histone modification catalyzed by polycomb repressor complex 2 (PRC2). In ErbB2+ breast cancer models, PRC2 silences endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) to suppress anti-tumor type-I interferon (IFN) responses. In patients, elevated H3K27me3 in tumor cells following Trastuzumab treatment correlates with suppression of interferon-driven viral defense gene expression signatures and poor response. Using an immunocompetent model, we provide evidence that EZH2 inhibitors promote interferon-driven immune responses that enhance the efficacy of anti-ErbB2 mAbs, suggesting the potential clinical benefit of epigenomic reprogramming by H3K27me3 depletion in Trastuzumab-resistant disease.
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15
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Wang C, Yang Y, Li M, Zhao Q, Paul Perumal GB, Gao S. Systemic vasculitis successfully treated with decitabine in a high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome patient: a case report and literature review. Immunotherapy 2020; 12:1153-1159. [PMID: 32830569 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2020-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Epidemiological studies have reported the association between myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and autoimmune diseases (AIDs). Immune dysregulation appears as the common driving force between MDS and AIDs pathogenesis. Low-dose hypomethylating agents might suppress tumor growth and regulate immune balance via its epi-immunomodulatory role. Materials & methods: A high-risk MDS patient presented with systemic vasculitis and was successfully treated with ultra-low-dose decitabine (7 mg/m2/d for 5 days). Results: He achieved complete remission of both MDS and AIDs after two cycles of decitabine treatment, and his overall survival duration was 45 months. Conclusion: Future studies should assess the application of ultra-low-dose decitabine among some high-risk MDS patients, especially among those with comorbid AIDs or in cases warranting the prevention of decitabine-mediated myelosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | | | - Sujun Gao
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an aggravating autoimmune disease that cripples young patients slowly with physical, sensory and cognitive deficits. The break of self-tolerance to neuronal antigens is the key to the pathogenesis of MS, with autoreactive T cells causing demyelination that subsequently leads to inflammation-mediated neurodegenerative events in the central nervous system. The exact etiology of MS remains elusive; however, the interplay of genetic and environmental factors contributes to disease development and progression. Given that genetic variation only accounts for a fraction of risk for MS, extrinsic risk factors including smoking, infection and lack of vitamin D or sunshine, which cause changes in gene expression, contribute to disease development through epigenetic regulation. To date, there is a growing body of scientific evidence to support the important roles of epigenetic processes in MS. In this chapter, the three main layers of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, namely DNA methylation, histone modification and microRNA-mediated gene regulation, will be discussed, with a particular focus on the role of epigenetics on dysregulated immune responses and neurodegenerative events in MS. Also, the potential for epigenetic modifiers as biomarkers and therapeutics for MS will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Sau-Fong Chan
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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17
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Cook EK, Luo M, Rauh MJ. Clonal hematopoiesis and inflammation: Partners in leukemogenesis and comorbidity. Exp Hematol 2020; 83:85-94. [PMID: 32001341 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) of indeterminate potential (CHIP), defined as the presence of a somatic mutation in the peripheral blood at a variant allele frequency (VAF) ≥2%, affects at least 10% of individuals older than 65, but low-VAF clones can be detected in 95% of individuals older than 50. CHIP associates with a wide range of comorbidities from atherosclerosis to pulmonary disease. A growing body of evidence, primarily from studies involving Tet2-knockout and stem cell transplant models of CH, suggest that dysregulated inflammation contributes to clonal expansion and associated comorbidities. Mutant leukocytes from animal models contribute to an inflammatory milieu that may confer a selective advantage to the clone, thus perpetuating a cycle of inflammation and expansion. Although it is unclear whether inflammation or expansion sets this cycle in motion, some evidence suggests that inflammation from infections or pre-existing comorbidities initiates this cycle. The pro-inflammatory phenotypes of macrophages from mutant clones and their contributions to disease are well characterized in murine models, but have not yet been confirmed in humans. Furthermore, the roles of other cell types that can carry mutations of CHIP are not fully understood. We propose a rationale for further investigation of neutrophils, other granulocytes and T, B, and NK cells as they may play a role in CHIP-associated comorbidities. As the understanding of CH has advanced, potential interventions, especially those targeting aberrant inflammation, have been proposed. We are hopeful that as studies continue to unravel the complex links between CHIP, inflammation, and leukocyte dysfunction, CHIP-related comorbidities may be more effectively managed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina K Cook
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Michael Luo
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael J Rauh
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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18
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Wang QY, Li Y, Liang ZY, Yin Y, Liu W, Wang Q, Dong YJ, Sun YH, Xu WL, Ren HY. Decitabine-Containing Conditioning Regimen for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Intermediate- and High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome/Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Potential Decrease in the Incidence of Acute Graft versus Host Disease. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:10195-10203. [PMID: 31824191 PMCID: PMC6900353 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s229768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the role of Decitabine in the allo-HSCT conditioning regimen for intermediate- and high-risk patients with MDS or AML. Patients and methods Retrospective analysis of data pertaining to 76 intermediate- and high-risk patients with MDS or AML who underwent allo-HSCT between December 2005 and June 2018 at the Peking University First Hospital. Forty patients received Decitabine-containing conditioning regimen before transplantation, while thirty-six patients received regimen without Decitabine. Results Over a median follow-up of 40 months (range, 1 to 155), the cumulative incidence of grade II to IV acute graft versus host disease was 12.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.9–30.9%] in the Decitabine group and 41.5% (95% CI 28.1–61.2%) in the non-Decitabine group (P=0.005). On multivariate analysis, Decitabine-containing conditioning regimen was found to protect against grade II to IV aGVHD (HR=0.279, 95% CI 0.102–0.765, P=0.013). Incidence of respiratory infection in the Decitabine and non-Decitabine groups was 22.5% and 52.78%, respectively (P=0.012). No significant between-group difference was observed with respect to 3-year OS, DFS, or RR (P=0.980, 0.959, and 0.573, respectively), while the median relapse time was longer in the Decitabine group [7 months (range, 2–12) versus 3 months (range, 2–4), P=0.171]. Decitabine-containing conditioning showed a tendency for lower relapse rate among higher risk patients, as assessed by IPSS R; however, the between-group difference was not statistically significant (P=0.085). Conclusion Inclusion of Decitabine in the conditioning regimen for allo-HSCT in intermediate- and high-risk patients may lower the incidence of aGVHD and respiratory infections, and contribute to longer median relapse time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ya Wang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze Yin Liang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Jun Dong
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Hua Sun
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Lin Xu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Yun Ren
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Petralia MC, Mazzon E, Basile MS, Cutuli M, Di Marco R, Scandurra F, Saraceno A, Fagone P, Nicoletti F, Mangano K. Effects of Treatment with the Hypomethylating Agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine in Murine Type II Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12040174. [PMID: 31783688 PMCID: PMC6958460 DOI: 10.3390/ph12040174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The emerging role of epigenetics in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases has recently attracted much interest on the possible use of epigenetic modulators for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. In particular, we and others have shown that drugs that inhibit DNA methylation, such as azacitidine (AZA) and decitabine (DAC), already used for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, exert powerful beneficial effects in rodent models of type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and Guillain Barrè syndrome. Along this line of research, we have presently studied the effects of DAC in a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis induced by type II collagen and have demonstrated that DAC administration was associated with a significant amelioration of the clinical condition, along with in vivo and ex vivo modification of the immunological profile of the so-treated mice, that exhibited a diminished production of Th1 and Th17 pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduction of anti-type II collagen autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (M.C.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Maria Sofia Basile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.B.); (F.S.); (A.S.); (P.F.); (K.M.)
| | - Marco Cutuli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (M.C.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Roberto Di Marco
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (M.C.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Fabiola Scandurra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.B.); (F.S.); (A.S.); (P.F.); (K.M.)
| | - Andrea Saraceno
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.B.); (F.S.); (A.S.); (P.F.); (K.M.)
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.B.); (F.S.); (A.S.); (P.F.); (K.M.)
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.B.); (F.S.); (A.S.); (P.F.); (K.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-478-1270
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.B.); (F.S.); (A.S.); (P.F.); (K.M.)
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Ziliotto N, Marchetti G, Scapoli C, Bovolenta M, Meneghetti S, Benazzo A, Lunghi B, Balestra D, Laino LA, Bozzini N, Guidi I, Salvi F, Straudi S, Gemmati D, Menegatti E, Zamboni P, Bernardi F. C6orf10 Low-Frequency and Rare Variants in Italian Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Front Genet 2019; 10:573. [PMID: 31297130 PMCID: PMC6607989 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In light of the complex nature of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the recently estimated contribution of low-frequency variants into disease, decoding its genetic risk components requires novel variant prioritization strategies. We selected, by reviewing MS Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS), 107 candidate loci marked by intragenic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with a remarkable association (p-value ≤ 5 × 10-6). A whole exome sequencing (WES)-based pilot study of SNPs with minor allele frequency (MAF) ≤ 0.04, conducted in three Italian families, revealed 15 exonic low-frequency SNPs with affected parent-child transmission. These variants were detected in 65/120 Italian unrelated MS patients, also in combination (22 patients). Compared with databases (controls gnomAD, dbSNP150, ExAC, Tuscany-1000 Genome), the allelic frequencies of C6orf10 rs16870005 and IL2RA rs12722600 were significantly higher (i.e., controls gnomAD, p = 9.89 × 10-7 and p < 1 × 10-20). TET2 rs61744960 and TRAF3 rs138943371 frequencies were also significantly higher, except in Tuscany-1000 Genome. Interestingly, the association of C6orf10 rs16870005 (Ala431Thr) with MS did not depend on its linkage disequilibrium with the HLA-DRB1 locus. Sequencing in the MS cohort of the C6orf10 3′ region revealed 14 rare mutations (10 not previously reported). Four variants were null, and significantly more frequent than in the databases. Further, the C6orf10 rare variants were observed in combinations, both intra-locus and with other low-frequency SNPs. The C6orf10 Ser389Xfr was found homozygous in a patient with early onset of the MS. Taking into account the potentially functional impact of the identified exonic variants, their expression in combination at the protein level could provide functional insights in the heterogeneous pathogenetic mechanisms contributing to MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Ziliotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanna Marchetti
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Scapoli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Matteo Bovolenta
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Meneghetti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andrea Benazzo
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Barbara Lunghi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dario Balestra
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lorenza Anna Laino
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicolò Bozzini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Irene Guidi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Salvi
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences, Hospital Bellaria, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Straudi
- Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, S. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Donato Gemmati
- Department of Biomedical & Specialty Surgical Sciences and Centre Haemostasis & Thrombosis, Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erica Menegatti
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Zamboni
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Bernardi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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21
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Feng Y, Li X, Cassady K, Zou Z, Zhang X. TET2 Function in Hematopoietic Malignancies, Immune Regulation, and DNA Repair. Front Oncol 2019; 9:210. [PMID: 31001476 PMCID: PMC6454012 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, investigation of Ten-Eleven Translocation 2 (TET2) gene function and TET2 mutation have become of increasing interest in the field of hematology. This heightened interest was sparked by the seminal discoveries that (1) TET2 mutation is associated with development of hematological malignancies and that (2) the TET family of proteins is critical in promoting DNA demethylation and immune homeostasis. Since then, additional studies have begun to unravel the question “Does TET2 have additional biological functions in the regulation of hematopoiesis?” Here, we present a mini-review focused on the current understanding of TET2 in hematopoiesis, hematological malignancies, and immune regulation. Importantly, we highlight the critical function that TET2 facilitates in maintaining the stability of the genome. Based on our review of the literature, we provide a new hypothesis that loss of TET2 may lead to dysregulation of the DNA repair response, augment genome instability, and subsequently sensitize myeloid leukemia cells to PARP inhibitor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Feng
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaniel Cassady
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States.,Henry E. Riggs School of Applied Life Sciences, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, CA, United States
| | - Zhongmin Zou
- Department of Chemical Defense, School of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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22
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McGrath-Morrow SA, Ndeh R, Helmin KA, Chen SY, Anekalla KR, Abdala-Valencia H, D'Alessio FR, Collaco JM, Singer BD. DNA methylation regulates the neonatal CD4 + T-cell response to pneumonia in mice. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:11772-11783. [PMID: 29866884 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric acute lung injury, usually because of pneumonia, has a mortality rate of more than 20% and an incidence that rivals that of all childhood cancers combined. CD4+ T-cells coordinate the immune response to pneumonia but fail to function robustly among the very young, who have poor outcomes from lung infection. We hypothesized that DNA methylation represses a mature CD4+ T-cell transcriptional program in neonates with pneumonia. Here, we found that neonatal mice (3-4 days old) aspirated with Escherichia coli bacteria had a higher mortality rate than juvenile mice (11-14 days old). Transcriptional profiling with an unsupervised RNA-Seq approach revealed that neonates displayed an attenuated lung CD4+ T-cell transcriptional response to pneumonia compared with juveniles. Unlike neonates, juveniles up-regulated a robust set of canonical T-cell immune response genes. DNA methylation profiling with modified reduced representation bisulfite sequencing revealed 44,119 differentially methylated CpGs, which preferentially clustered around transcriptional start sites and CpG islands. A methylation difference-filtering algorithm detected genes with a high likelihood of differential promoter methylation regulating their expression; these 731 loci encoded important immune response and tissue-protective T-cell pathway components. Disruption of DNA methylation with the hypomethylating agent decitabine induced plasticity in the lung CD4+ T-cell marker phenotype. Altogether, multidimensional profiling suggested that DNA methylation within the promoters of a core set of CD4+ T-cell pathway genes contributes to the hyporesponsive neonatal immune response to pneumonia. These findings also suggest that DNA methylation could serve as a mechanistic target for disease-modifying therapies in pediatric lung infection and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon A McGrath-Morrow
- From the Eudowood Division of Pediatric Respiratory Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Roland Ndeh
- From the Eudowood Division of Pediatric Respiratory Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Kathryn A Helmin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Shang-Yang Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Kishore R Anekalla
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Hiam Abdala-Valencia
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Franco R D'Alessio
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, and
| | - J Michael Collaco
- From the Eudowood Division of Pediatric Respiratory Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Benjamin D Singer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611
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23
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Fagone P, Mazzon E, Chikovani T, Saraceno A, Mammana S, Colletti G, Mangano K, Bramanti P, Nicoletti F. Decitabine induces regulatory T cells, inhibits the production of IFN-gamma and IL-17 and exerts preventive and therapeutic efficacy in rodent experimental autoimmune neuritis. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 321:41-48. [PMID: 29957387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated acute disorder of the peripheral nervous system. Despite treatment, there is an associated mortality and severe disability in 9 to 17% of the cases. Decitabine (DAC) is a hypomethylating drug used in myelodisplastic syndrome, that has been shown to exert immunomodulatory effects. We have evaluated the effects of DAC in two rodent models of GBS, the Experimental Allergic Neuritis (EAN). Both prophylactic and therapeutic treatment with DAC ameliorated the clinical course of EAN, increasing the numbers of thymic regulatory T cells and reducing the production of proinflammmatory cytokines. Our data suggest the possible use of decitabine for the treatment of GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Stada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Tinatin Chikovani
- Department of Immunology, Tbilisi State Medical University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Andrea Saraceno
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Santa Mammana
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Stada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Colletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Stada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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24
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Niu C, Li M, Zhu S, Chen Y, Zhou L, Xu D, Li W, Cui J, Liu Y, Chen J. Decitabine Inhibits Gamma Delta T Cell Cytotoxicity by Promoting KIR2DL2/3 Expression. Front Immunol 2018; 9:617. [PMID: 29632540 PMCID: PMC5879086 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma delta (γδ) T cells, which possess potent cytotoxicity against a wide range of cancer cells, have become a potential avenue for adoptive immunotherapy. Decitabine (DAC) has been reported to enhance the immunogenicity of tumor cells, thereby reinstating endogenous immune recognition and tumor lysis. However, DAC has also been demonstrated to have direct effects on immune cells. In this study, we report that DAC inhibits γδ T cell proliferation. In addition, DAC increases the number of KIR2DL2/3-positive γδ T cells, which are less cytotoxic than the KIR2DL2/3-negative γδ T cells. We found that DAC upregulated KIR2DL2/3 expression in KIR2DL2/3-negative γδ T cells by inhibiting KIR2DL2/3 promoter methylation, which enhances the binding of KIR2DL2/3 promoter to Sp-1 and activates KIR2DL2/3 gene expression. Our data demonstrated that DAC can inhibit the function of human γδ T cells at both cellular and molecular levels, which confirms and extrapolates the results of previous studies showing that DAC can negatively regulate the function of NK cells and αβ T cells of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Niu
- Department of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Department of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongchong Chen
- Department of Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongsheng Xu
- Department of Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Department of Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Department of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Sanofi Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Jingtao Chen
- Department of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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25
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Sokratous M, Dardiotis E, Bellou E, Tsouris Z, Michalopoulou A, Dardioti M, Siokas V, Rikos D, Tsatsakis A, Kovatsi L, Bogdanos DP, Hadjigeorgiou GM. CpG Island Methylation Patterns in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. J Mol Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29516350 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation may predispose to multiple sclerosis (MS), as aberrant methylation in the promoter regions across the genome seems to underlie several processes of MS. We have currently determined the methylation status of eight genes in relapsing-remitting MS patients. Methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) was used to determine the status of 31 CpG islands, located across eight genes, in 33 healthy individuals and 66 MS patients (33 in relapse and 33 in remission). The methylation levels in the examined sites ranged from 0 to 31%. Methylation positivity for RUNX3 and CDKN2A differed significantly between MS patients and healthy controls. Maximum methylation in RUNX3, CDKN2A, SOCS1, and NEUROG1 genes was significantly different between patients and controls. Roc curves demonstrated that the appropriate cut-offs to distinguish patients from healthy controls were 2% for RUNX3 (OR 3.316, CI 1.207-9.107, p = 0.024) and 3% for CDKN2A (OR 3.077, CI 1.281-7.39, p = 0.018). No difference in methylation was observed between patients in relapse and patients in remission, in any of the genes examined. Methylation patterns of RUNX3 and CDKN2A may be able to distinguish between MS patients and healthy controls, but not between MS patients in relapse and in remission. Graphical Abstract Methylation patterns of RUNX3 and CDKN2A may be able to discriminate healthy individuals from MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sokratous
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Eleni Bellou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Zisis Tsouris
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Amalia Michalopoulou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Dardioti
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Rikos
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Leda Kovatsi
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University General Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, 40500, Larissa, Greece
- Cellular Immunotherapy & Molecular Immunodiagnostics, Biomedical Section, Centre for Research and Technology-Hellas (CERTH)- Institute for Research and Technology-Thessaly (IRETETH), 41222, Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgios M Hadjigeorgiou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
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