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Wen F, Liu D, Wang M, Zhang S, Kuang W, Yuan L, Wang J, Liu G. Celastrol induces premature ovarian insufficiency by inducing apoptosis in granulosa cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115815. [PMID: 37956480 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Celastrol, a natural compound purified from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f., has excellent pharmacological activity for the treatment of various diseases. Assessing the safety of its use is essential for its development into a clinical medicine. However, research assessing its toxicity on the female reproductive system has never been reported. In this study, the ovarian toxicity of celastrol and its underlying mechanism were investigated. We found that celastrol induced premature ovarian insufficiency and apoptosis in granulosa cells. Activity-based protein profiling results showed that high mobility group box 1 was a candidate target protein of celastrol. Celastrol directly bound to Cys106 of high mobility group box 1. Knocking down high mobility group box 1 induced apoptosis of granulosa cells, while overexpression of this gene reversed celastrol-induced apoptosis. Celastrol treatment upregulated p21 transcription, but overexpression of high mobility group box 1 reversed this upregulation. Thus, Celastrol induces premature ovarian insufficiency and apoptosis in granulosa cells by directly binding to high mobility group box 1 and interfering with its biological function to regulate p21 transcription. This study provides valuable information for assessing the safety of the clinical application of celastrol on female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China; State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shujie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Wenhua Kuang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lixia Yuan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Jigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, China; Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, China.
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Rossi C, Venturin M, Gubala J, Frasca A, Corsini A, Battaglia C, Bellosta S. PURPL and NEAT1 Long Non-Coding RNAs Are Modulated in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Replicative Senescence. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3228. [PMID: 38137449 PMCID: PMC10740529 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is characterized by proliferation and migration exhaustion, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and oxidative stress. Senescent vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contribute to cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerotic plaque instability. Since there are no unanimously agreed senescence markers in human VSMCs, to improve our knowledge, we looked for new possible senescence markers. To this end, we first established and characterized a model of replicative senescence (RS) in human aortic VSMCs. Old cells displayed several established senescence-associated markers. They stained positive for the senescence-associated β-galactosidase, showed a deranged proliferation rate, a dramatically reduced expression of PCNA, an altered migratory activity, increased levels of TP53 and cell-cycle inhibitors p21/p16, and accumulated in the G1 phase. Old cells showed an altered cellular and nuclear morphology, downregulation of the expression of LMNB1 and HMGB1, and increased expression of SASP molecules (IL1β, IL6, IL8, and MMP3). In these senescent VSMCs, among a set of 12 manually selected long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), we detected significant upregulation of PURPL and NEAT1. We observed also, for the first time, increased levels of RRAD mRNA. The detection of modulated levels of RRAD, PURPL, and NEAT1 during VSMC senescence could be helpful for future studies on potential anti-aging factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Rossi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (C.R.); (J.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Marco Venturin
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.V.); (A.F.); (C.B.)
| | - Jakub Gubala
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (C.R.); (J.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Angelisa Frasca
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.V.); (A.F.); (C.B.)
| | - Alberto Corsini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (C.R.); (J.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Cristina Battaglia
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.V.); (A.F.); (C.B.)
| | - Stefano Bellosta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (C.R.); (J.G.); (A.C.)
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Idoudi S, Bedhiafi T, Pedersen S, Elahtem M, Alremawi I, Akhtar S, Dermime S, Merhi M, Uddin S. Role of HMGB1 and its associated signaling pathways in human malignancies. Cell Signal 2023; 112:110904. [PMID: 37757902 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The High-Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB1), a non-histone chromatin-associated protein, plays a crucial role in cancer growth and response to therapy as it retains a pivotal role in promoting both cell death and survival. HMGB1 has been reported to regulate several signaling pathways engaged in inflammation, genome stability, immune function, cell proliferation, cell autophagy, metabolism, and apoptosis. However, the association between HMGB1 and cancer is complex and its mechanism in tumorigenesis needs to be further elucidated. This review aims to understand the role of HMGB1 in human malignancies and discuss the signaling pathways linked to this process to provide a comprehensive understanding on the association of HMGB1 with carcinogenesis. Further, we will review the role of HMGB1 as a target/biomarker for cancer therapy, the therapeutic strategies used to target this protein, and its potential role in preventing or treating cancers. In light of the recent growing evidence linking HMGB1 to cancer progression, we think that it may be suggested as a novel and emergent therapeutic target for cancer therapy. Hence, HMGB1 warrants paramount investigation to comprehensively map its role in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourour Idoudi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Shona Pedersen
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Elahtem
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | | | - Sabah Akhtar
- Department of Dermatology and venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Said Dermime
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maysaloun Merhi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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4
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Role of HMGB1 in Cutaneous Melanoma: State of the Art. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169327. [PMID: 36012593 PMCID: PMC9409290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that plays a key role in acute and chronic inflammation. It has already been studied in several diseases, among them melanoma. Indeed, HMGB1 is closely associated with cell survival and proliferation and may be directly involved in tumor cell metastasis development thanks to its ability to promote cell migration. This research aims to assess the role of this molecule in the pathogenesis of human melanoma and its potential therapeutic role. The research has been conducted on the PubMed database, and the resulting articles are sorted by year of publication, showing an increasing interest in the last five years. The results showed that HMGB1 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of skin cancer, prognosis, and therapeutical response to therapy. Traditional therapies target this molecule indirectly, but future perspectives could include the development of new target therapy against HMGB1, thus adding a new approach to the therapy, which has often shown primary and secondary resistance. This could add a new therapy arm which has to be prolonged and specific for each patient.
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Leis AA, Montesi AP, Khan SM, Montesi M. Case Report: Malignant Melanoma Associated With COVID-19: A Coincidence or a Clue? Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:845558. [PMID: 35721065 PMCID: PMC9198841 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.845558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Following SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans, there is upregulation of proinflammatory molecules S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), osteopontin (OPN), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and other cytokines that promote hyperinflammation. The same immunoregulatory proteins that fuel the COVID-19 “cytokine storm” are also produced by melanoma cells and various other cancers to promote tumorigenesis. We report three cases of malignant melanoma (MM) associated with severe COVID-19, the first two with amelanotic melanoma and the third with hypopigmented melanoma. It is noteworthy that we did not search for these cases. Patient 1 is a personal acquaintance and cases 2 and 3 were hospitalized and worked at our rehabilitation center, respectively. We hypothesize that SARS-CoV-2 induced inflammatory tumorigenic proteins in the microenvironment that may have contributed to the de novo development (case 1), aggressive growth (case 2), or recurrence (case 3) of these malignant tumors. Moreover, high concentrations of the same proinflammatory proteins found in the “cytokine storm” associated with COVID-19, including TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and ferritin, also induce skin depigmentation or hypopigmentation by interfering with tyrosinase synthesis, the enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step of pigmentation. Hence, the marked elevation of the biological effectors that decrease skin pigmentation may also reduce pigmentation in MMs, resulting in amelanotic or hypopigmented lesions. Although it is certainly possible that the occurrence of melanoma following COVID-19 is coincidental, the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to increase expression of proinflammatory and tumorigenic molecules warrants further investigations to determine if there is an association between these disease processes or implications for patients with melanoma or other cancers who develop COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arturo Leis
- Methodist Rehabilitation Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | | | - Sariya Maryam Khan
- School of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Michael Montesi
- COVID Recovery Clinic, Methodist Rehabilitation Center, Jackson, MS, United States
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Verma DK, Seo BA, Ghosh A, Ma SX, Hernandez-Quijada K, Andersen JK, Ko HS, Kim YH. Alpha-Synuclein Preformed Fibrils Induce Cellular Senescence in Parkinson's Disease Models. Cells 2021; 10:1694. [PMID: 34359864 PMCID: PMC8304385 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that cellular senescence could be a critical inducing factor for aging-associated neurodegenerative disorders. However, the involvement of cellular senescence remains unclear in Parkinson's disease (PD). To determine this, we assessed the effects of α-synuclein preformed fibrils (α-syn PFF) or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) on changes in cellular senescence markers, employing α-syn PFF treated-dopaminergic N27 cells, primary cortical neurons, astrocytes and microglia and α-syn PFF-injected mouse brain tissues, as well as human PD patient brains. Our results demonstrate that α-syn PFF-induced toxicity reduces the levels of Lamin B1 and HMGB1, both established markers of cellular senescence, in correlation with an increase in the levels of p21, a cell cycle-arrester and senescence marker, in both reactive astrocytes and microglia in mouse brains. Using Western blot and immunohistochemistry, we found these cellular senescence markers in reactive astrocytes as indicated by enlarged cell bodies within GFAP-positive cells and Iba1-positive activated microglia in α-syn PFF injected mouse brains. These results indicate that PFF-induced pathology could lead to astrocyte and/or microglia senescence in PD brains, which may contribute to neuropathology in this model. Targeting senescent cells using senolytics could therefore constitute a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Verma
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA; (D.K.V.); (A.G.); (K.H.-Q.)
| | - Bo Am Seo
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (B.A.S.); (S.-X.M.)
- Neuroregeneration & Stem Cell Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Anurupa Ghosh
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA; (D.K.V.); (A.G.); (K.H.-Q.)
| | - Shi-Xun Ma
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (B.A.S.); (S.-X.M.)
- Neuroregeneration & Stem Cell Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Karina Hernandez-Quijada
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA; (D.K.V.); (A.G.); (K.H.-Q.)
| | | | - Han Seok Ko
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (B.A.S.); (S.-X.M.)
- Neuroregeneration & Stem Cell Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yong-Hwan Kim
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA; (D.K.V.); (A.G.); (K.H.-Q.)
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7
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Sofiadis K, Josipovic N, Nikolic M, Kargapolova Y, Übelmesser N, Varamogianni-Mamatsi V, Zirkel A, Papadionysiou I, Loughran G, Keane J, Michel A, Gusmao EG, Becker C, Altmüller J, Georgomanolis T, Mizi A, Papantonis A. HMGB1 coordinates SASP-related chromatin folding and RNA homeostasis on the path to senescence. Mol Syst Biol 2021; 17:e9760. [PMID: 34166567 PMCID: PMC8224457 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20209760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial organization and gene expression of mammalian chromosomes are maintained and regulated in conjunction with cell cycle progression. This is perturbed once cells enter senescence and the highly abundant HMGB1 protein is depleted from nuclei to act as an extracellular proinflammatory stimulus. Despite its physiological importance, we know little about the positioning of HMGB1 on chromatin and its nuclear roles. To address this, we mapped HMGB1 binding genome‐wide in two primary cell lines. We integrated ChIP‐seq and Hi‐C with graph theory to uncover clustering of HMGB1‐marked topological domains that harbor genes involved in paracrine senescence. Using simplified Cross‐Linking and Immuno‐Precipitation and functional tests, we show that HMGB1 is also a bona fide RNA‐binding protein (RBP) binding hundreds of mRNAs. It presents an interactome rich in RBPs implicated in senescence regulation. The mRNAs of many of these RBPs are directly bound by HMGB1 and regulate availability of SASP‐relevant transcripts. Our findings reveal a broader than hitherto assumed role for HMGB1 in coordinating chromatin folding and RNA homeostasis as part of a regulatory loop controlling cell‐autonomous and paracrine senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natasa Josipovic
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Milos Nikolic
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yulia Kargapolova
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nadine Übelmesser
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Anne Zirkel
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - James Keane
- Ribomaps, Cork, Ireland.,Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Eduardo G Gusmao
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Becker
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Theodore Georgomanolis
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Athanasia Mizi
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Argyris Papantonis
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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8
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The Role of Senescent Cells in Acquired Drug Resistance and Secondary Cancer in BRAFi-Treated Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092241. [PMID: 34066966 PMCID: PMC8125319 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Advances in melanoma treatment include v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) inhibitors that target the predominant oncogenic mutation found in malignant melanoma. Despite initial success of the BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) therapies, resistance and secondary cancer often occur. Mechanisms of resistance and secondary cancer rely on upregulation of pro-survival pathways that circumvent senescence. The repeated identification of a cellular senescent phenotype throughout melanoma progression demonstrates the contribution of senescent cells in resistance and secondary cancer development. Incorporating senotherapeutics in melanoma treatment may offer a novel approach for potentially improving clinical outcome. Abstract BRAF is the most common gene mutated in malignant melanoma, and predominately it is a missense mutation of codon 600 in the kinase domain. This oncogenic BRAF missense mutation results in constitutive activation of the mitogen-activate protein kinase (MAPK) pro-survival pathway. Several BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) have been developed to specifically inhibit BRAFV600 mutations that improve melanoma survival, but resistance and secondary cancer often occur. Causal mechanisms of BRAFi-induced secondary cancer and resistance have been identified through upregulation of MAPK and alternate pro-survival pathways. In addition, overriding of cellular senescence is observed throughout the progression of disease from benign nevi to malignant melanoma. In this review, we discuss melanoma BRAF mutations, the genetic mechanism of BRAFi resistance, and the evidence supporting the role of senescent cells in melanoma disease progression, drug resistance and secondary cancer. We further highlight the potential benefit of targeting senescent cells with senotherapeutics as adjuvant therapy in combating melanoma.
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9
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Feng XE. miR-548b Suppresses Melanoma Cell Growth, Migration, and Invasion by Negatively Regulating Its Target Gene HMGB1. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2021; 36:189-201. [PMID: 33750228 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Melanoma is one of the most aggressive malignancies. Exploration of metastasis-related genes will improve the clinical outcomes of patients with melanoma. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in regulating the aggressiveness of melanoma. In the current study, the author demonstrated the expression of miR-548b and its functions in melanoma. Materials and Methods: The expression levels of miR-548b and high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) in melanoma specimens and adjacent normal tissues were examined using the quantitative real-time PCR method. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing test, and Transwell assays were conducted to examine the impact of miR-548b on aggressive phenotypes of melanoma cells. The protein expression of HMGB1 was detected by Western blot. The tumor growth of melanoma cells in vivo was analyzed using the transplanted tumor model. The expression of HMGB1 in vivo was assessed using immunohistochemistry assay. Results: miR-548b was significantly downregulated in the melanoma sample when compared with adjacent normal tissues. In addition, low levels of miR-548b were related to poor overall survival in patients with melanoma. As predicted, overexpression of miR-548b suppressed the growth and metastasis-associated traits of melanoma cells. Furthermore, the luciferase reporter gene assay and Western blotting revealed that HMGB1 was a target of miR-548b and its expression level was negatively modulated by miR-548b. Several rescue experiments indicated that reintroduction of HMGB1 abolished the inhibiting effects of miR-548b on melanoma cells. Finally, the author demonstrated that upregulation of miR-548b repressed melanoma cell growth in vivo. Conclusions: All these findings demonstrate that miR-548b serves as a cancer-suppressive miRNA in human melanoma by inhibiting HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-En Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
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10
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Run L, Wang L, Nong X, Li N, Huang X, Xiao Y. Involvement of HMGB1 in vemurafenib resistance in thyroid cancer cells harboring BRAF (V600E) mutation by regulating excessive autophagy. Endocrine 2021; 71:418-426. [PMID: 32666385 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent endocrine malignancy with high occurrence of BRAFV600E mutations. Though targeted therapy by vemurafenib, a specific inhibitor for BRAFV600E, has achieved great advance in therapeutic landscape, resistance occurrence is still a clinical challenge. Here, we sought to elucidate the function of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in vemurafenib resistance in thyroid cancer harboring BRAF mutation. METHODS The expression of HMGB1 in BRAF-mutant BCPAP and BRAF-wild CAL-62 cells were determined by qRT-PCR and western. Then, BCPAP cells were transfected with recombinant HMGB1 plasmids, and vemurafenib-resistant BCPAP-R cells were treated with si-HMGB1. The efficacy of HMGB1 on vemurafenib resistance was evaluated by detecting cell viability, apoptosis, and caspase-3 activity. In addition, the involvement of autophagy pathway was investigated. RESULTS Lower expression of HMGB1 was observed in BRAF-mutant BCPAP cells that had high sensitivity to vemurafenib. Overexpression of HMGB1 attenuated BCPAP cell sensitivity to vemurafenib by increasing cell viability and decreasing cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activity. Intriguingly, higher expression of HMGB1 was confirmed in vemurafenib-resistant BCPAP-R cells. Moreover, knockdown of HMGB1 sensitized BCPAP-R cells to vemurafenib resistance. Mechanistically, vemurafenib exposure induced autophagy by enhancing LC3II, Beclin-1 expression, and reducing autophagy substrate p62 expression. Importantly, targeting HMGB1 suppressed vemurafenib-induced autophagy. Blocking autophagy pathway with its inhibitor 3-MA offset BCPAP-R cell resistance to vemurafenib. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight that HMGB1-mediated autophagy may account for vemurafenib resistance in thyroid cancer harboring BRAF mutation, implying a promising approach to overcome vemurafenib resistance in vemurafenib-mutant thyroid carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Run
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shannxi, PR China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shannxi, PR China
| | - Xiting Nong
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shannxi, PR China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shannxi, PR China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shannxi, PR China.
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, 710003, Shannxi, PR China.
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11
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Wan Q, Jin L, Wang Z. Comprehensive analysis of cancer hallmarks in cutaneous melanoma and identification of a novel unfolded protein response as a prognostic signature. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:20684-20701. [PMID: 33136551 PMCID: PMC7655195 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular pathways regulating the initiation and development of melanoma are potential therapeutic targets for this aggressive skin cancer. Therefore, transcriptome profiles of cutaneous melanoma were obtained from a public database and used to systematically evaluate cancer hallmark pathways enriched in melanoma. Finally, the unfolded protein response pathway was screened out, and the unfolded protein response-related genes were used to develop a robust biomarker that can predict the prognosis of melanoma, especially for younger, metastatic and high Clark level patients. This biomarker was further validated in two other independent datasets. In addition, melanoma patients were divided into high- and low-risk subgroups by applying a risk score system. The high-risk group exhibited higher immune infiltration and higher expression of N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation regulators, and had significantly shorter survival times than the low-risk subgroup. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that, among the enriched genes, gene sets involved in immune response and the extracellular matrix receptor interaction were significantly activated in the high-risk group. Our findings thus provide a new clinical application for prognostic prediction as well as potential targets for treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510064, China
| | - Lin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510064, China
| | - Zhichong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510064, China
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12
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Satish M, Gunasekar P, Asensio JA, Agrawal DK. Vitamin D attenuates HMGB1-mediated neointimal hyperplasia after percutaneous coronary intervention in swine. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 474:219-228. [PMID: 32737774 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03847-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intracoronary stenting is a common procedure in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Stent deployment stretches and denudes the endothelial layer, promoting a local inflammatory response, resulting in neointimal hyperplasia. Vitamin D deficiency associates with CAD. In this study, we examined the association of vitamin D status with high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)-mediated pathways (HMGB1, receptor for advanced glycation end products [RAGE], and Toll-like receptor-2 and -4 [TLR2 and TLR4]) in neointimal hyperplasia in atherosclerotic swine following bare metal stenting. Yucatan microswine fed with a high-cholesterol diet were stratified to receive vitamin D-deficient (VD-DEF), vitamin D-sufficient (VD-SUF), and vitamin D-supplemented (VD-SUP) diet. After 6 months, PTCA (percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty) followed by bare metal stent implantation was performed in the left anterior descending (LAD) artery of each swine. Four months following coronary intervention, angiogram and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed and swine euthanized. Histology and immunohistochemistry were performed in excised LAD to evaluate the expression of HMGB1, RAGE, TLR2, and TLR4. OCT analysis revealed the greatest in-stent restenosis area in the LAD of VD-DEF compared to VD-SUF or VD-SUP swine. The protein expression of HMGB1, RAGE, TLR2, and TLR4 was significantly higher in the LAD of VD-DEF compared to VD-SUF or VD-SUP swine. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with both increased in-stent restenosis and increased HMGB1-mediated inflammation noted in coronary arteries following intravascular stenting. Inversely, vitamin D supplementation was associated with both a decrease in this inflammatory profile and in neointimal hyperplasia, warranting further investigation for vitamin D as a potential adjunct therapy following coronary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Satish
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Palanikumar Gunasekar
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Juan A Asensio
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA.
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13
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Shen L, Hong X, Liu Y, Zhou W, Zhang Y. The miR-25-3p/Sp1 pathway is dysregulated in ovarian endometriosis. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520918437. [PMID: 32299271 PMCID: PMC7169359 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520918437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The transcription factor Specificity protein 1 (Sp1) plays important roles in many critical biological functions; however, its expression and underlying functions in endometriosis remain undefined. Bioinformatics has suggested that Sp1 is potentially regulated by miR-25-3p. This study investigated Sp1 and miR-25-3p expression and their interaction during the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Methods Fifteen women with American Fertility Society stage III/IV ovarian endometriosis and 14 disease-free controls were included. Sp1 expression was detected by qPCR, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting. Using both bioinformatics and genetics, we identified that Sp1 was a potential target of miR-25-3p. Then, the relationship between miR-25-3p and Sp1 was investigated by knockdown and overexpression experiments. Results Sp1 mRNA and protein levels were increased in ectopic and eutopic endometrium compared with normal endometrium samples, with the highest expression in ectopic endometrium samples. In vitro experiments and luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that Sp1 was upregulated when miR-25-3p was depleted and that Sp1 was a direct target of miR-25-3p, respectively. Conclusions Our study revealed increased Sp1 expression in ovarian endometriosis and subsequently demonstrated that miR-25-3p directly targets Sp1. This suggests a novel miRNA/Sp1 pathway in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, which should be further explored for other potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licong Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, P. R. China
| | - Xiaxia Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, P. R. China
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14
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Metformin decreases LPS-induced inflammatory response in rabbit annulus fibrosus stem/progenitor cells by blocking HMGB1 release. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:10252-10265. [PMID: 31772144 PMCID: PMC6914423 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and identify an efficient treatment for low back pain. Rabbit annulus fibrosus stem cells (AFSCs) were treated with metformin and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results indicated that LPS induced HMGB1 release from the nuclei of AFSCs and caused cell senescence in a concentration-dependent manner. The production of PGE2 and HMGB1 was increased in the medium of the LPS-treated AFSCs. Certain inflammation-associated genes (IL-β1, IL-6, COX-2 and TNF-α) and proteins (IL-β1, COX-2 and TNF-α) and specific catabolic genes (MMP-3 and MMP-13) exhibited increased expression in LPS-treated AFSCs. However, the expression levels of other anabolic genes, such as collagen I and collagen II were decreased in LPS-treated AFSCs. Following addition of metformin to LPS-containing medium, HMGB1 was retained in the nuclei of AFSCs and the production of PGE2 and HMGB1 was reduced. The expression levels of the catabolic genes and proteins were decreased and those of the anabolic genes were increased. The findings indicated that metformin exerted an anti-inflammatory effect by blocking the HMGB1 translocation and by inhibiting catabolic production and cell senescence in AFSCs. Therefore, metformin may be used as an efficient treatment for the disc degenerative disease.
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15
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Wang M, Gauthier A, Daley L, Dial K, Wu J, Woo J, Lin M, Ashby C, Mantell LL. The Role of HMGB1, a Nuclear Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecule, in the Pathogenesis of Lung Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:954-993. [PMID: 31184204 PMCID: PMC6765066 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Significance: High-mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1), a ubiquitous nuclear protein, regulates chromatin structure and modulates the expression of many genes involved in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and many other lung diseases, including those that regulate cell cycle control, cell death, and DNA replication and repair. Extracellular HMGB1, whether passively released or actively secreted, is a danger signal that elicits proinflammatory responses, impairs macrophage phagocytosis and efferocytosis, and alters vascular remodeling. This can result in excessive pulmonary inflammation and compromised host defense against lung infections, causing a deleterious feedback cycle. Recent Advances: HMGB1 has been identified as a biomarker and mediator of the pathogenesis of numerous lung disorders. In addition, post-translational modifications of HMGB1, including acetylation, phosphorylation, and oxidation, have been postulated to affect its localization and physiological and pathophysiological effects, such as the initiation and progression of lung diseases. Critical Issues: The molecular mechanisms underlying how HMGB1 drives the pathogenesis of different lung diseases and novel therapeutic approaches targeting HMGB1 remain to be elucidated. Future Directions: Additional research is needed to identify the roles and functions of modified HMGB1 produced by different post-translational modifications and their significance in the pathogenesis of lung diseases. Such studies will provide information for novel approaches targeting HMGB1 as a treatment for lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York
| | - Alex Gauthier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York
| | - LeeAnne Daley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York
| | - Katelyn Dial
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York
| | - Joanna Woo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York
| | - Mosi Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York
| | - Charles Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York
| | - Lin L. Mantell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York
- Center for Inflammation and Immunology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York
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16
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Chen X, Gao J, Yu Y, Zhao Z, Pan Y. LncRNA FOXD3-AS1 promotes proliferation, invasion and migration of cutaneous malignant melanoma via regulating miR-325/MAP3K2. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109438. [PMID: 31541886 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim was to study the mechanism of LncRNA FOXD3-AS1 in cutaneous melanoma. METHODS FOXD3-AS1 levels in 47 pairs of melanoma samples were detected. We used qRT-PCR to detect FOXD3-AS1, miR-325 and MAP3K2 expression in different staging samples and cutaneous melanoma cell lines. We used Kaplan-Meier curve to analyze survival rate in patients with FOXD3-AS1 high and low expression. Sh-FOXD3-AS1, miR-325, miR-325 inhibitor and oeMAP3K2 were transfected. The proliferation of A375 and SK-MEL-1 was detected by CCK8 and EdU labeling assay and cell clone formation assay. Dual luciferase reporter assay and pull down assay was used to confirm the binding site of FOXD3-AS1, miR-325 and MAP3K2. Flow cytometry was applied to detect the effect of lncRNA on cell cycle. The migration and invasion ability were detected by transwell assay. RESULTS LncRNA FOXD3-AS1 highly expressed in cutaneous melanoma cells and tissues. Patients with highly expressed LncRNA FOXD3-AS1 were always with shorter overall survival time. When LncRNA FOXD3-AS1 was knockdown, proliferation, invasion and migration of cutaneous malignant melanoma, and tumor weight was inhibited, and cell cycle was arrested. LncRNA FOXD3-AS1 negatively regulated the expression of miR-325, and then improved the level of MAP3K2. MiR-325 was with similarly effects on above biological process, and MAP3K2 overexpression could rescue the influence of sh-FOXD3-AS1. Tumor volume and weight were measured to confirm the effect of sh-FOXD3-AS1 in vivo. CONCLUSION LncRNA FOXD3-AS1 could promote proliferation, invasion and migration of cutaneous malignant melanoma via regulating miR-325/MAP3K2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xige Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Weihai Central Hospitai, Weihai 264400, China
| | - Juan Gao
- Department of Rheumatology, Weihai Central Hospitai, Weihai 264400, China
| | - Yanhua Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Weihai Central Hospitai, Weihai 264400, China
| | - Zhengjuan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Weihai Central Hospitai, Weihai 264400, China
| | - Yingli Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Weihai Central Hospitai, Weihai 264400, China.
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lncRNA miat functions as a ceRNA to upregulate sirt1 by sponging miR-22-3p in HCC cellular senescence. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7098-7122. [PMID: 31503007 PMCID: PMC6756895 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer related deaths and lacks effective therapies. Cellular senescence acts as a barrier against cancer progression and plays an important role in tumor suppression. Senescence associated long noncoding RNAs (SAL-RNAs) are thought to be critical regulators of cancer development. Here, the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) myocardial infarction-associated transcript (miat) was first identified as an HCC specific SALncRNA. Knockdown of miat significantly promoted cellular senescence and inhibited HCC progression. Mechanistic study revealed that SAL-miat acted as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that upregulated the expression of sirt1 by sponging miR-22-3p. Moreover, miat downregulation activated the tumor suppressor pathway (p53/p21 and p16/pRb) and stimulated senescent cancer cells to secrete senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which contributed to inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and resulted in the suppression of HCC tumorigenesis. Together, our study provided mechanistic insights into a critical role of miat as a miRNA sponge in HCC cellular senescence, which might offer a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC treatment.
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18
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Lee JJ, Park IH, Rhee WJ, Kim HS, Shin JS. HMGB1 modulates the balance between senescence and apoptosis in response to genotoxic stress. FASEB J 2019; 33:10942-10953. [PMID: 31284735 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900288r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is involved in various diseases and is associated with the resistance of many types of human cancers to chemotherapy; however, its role in cancer metastasis remains unexplored. This study examined the HMGB1 status of both highly and poorly metastatic cancer cells in response to genotoxic stress. The weakly and highly metastatic mouse melanoma cell lines (B16 vs. B16-F10), human melanoma cell lines (SK-MEL-28 vs. SK-MEL-24), colon cancer cell lines (DLD-1 vs. LS174T), and wild-type (WT) vs. HMGB1 knockout (KO) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were treated with doxorubicin (Dox) and camptothecin (CPT), and then cellular morphology, senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining, lactate dehydrogenase release, and caspase-3 activation were used to assess cell fate. To investigate the role of HMGB1 in p21 expression, HMGB1 and p21 expressions were examined by Western blotting, and the HMGB1-mediated p21 promoter luciferase assay was performed after small interfering RNA or overexpression of HMGB1 prior to Dox treatment. Although highly metastatic mouse melanoma B16-F10 cells preferred senescence, with persistent HMGB1 expression, poorly metastatic B16 cells entered apoptosis, with decreasing HMGB1 levels via cleavage under Dox treatment. Similarly, more metastatic human melanoma SK-MEL-24 and human colon cancer LS174T cells underwent senescence, whereas fewer metastatic melanoma SK-MEL-28 and DLD-1 cells exhibited apoptosis under Dox stimulation. In senescent B16-F10, SK-MEL-24, and LS174T cells treated with Dox, p21 levels were increased by persistent HMGB1 expression. Furthermore, HMGB1 depletion caused a senescence-apoptosis shift with p21 down-regulation in B16-F10 cells, and HMGB1 overexpression switched from apoptosis to senescence concomitantly with increased p21 expression in B16 cells after Dox treatment. The same effects were observed in both cell pairs of mouse melanoma and human colon cancer cells treated with CPT, another genotoxic stressor. Indeed, although WT MEF entered senescence accompanied by p21 increase, HMGB1 KO underwent apoptosis with p21 decrease by Dox treatment. In our cell model system, we demonstrated that highly metastatic cancer cells preferentially enter senescence, whereas apoptosis predominates in weakly metastatic cancer cells under genotoxic stress, which depends on the presence or absence of HMGB1, suggesting that the HMGB1-p21 axis is required for genotoxic stress-induced senescence. These findings suggest that HMGB1 modulation of cancers with different metastatic status could be a strategy for selectively enforcing tumor suppression.-Lee, J.-J., Park, I. H., Rhee, W. J., Kim, H. S., Shin, J.-S. HMGB1 modulates the balance between senescence and apoptosis in response to genotoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Jung Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Ho Park
- Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo Joong Rhee
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Sue Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeon-Soo Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Krajnović T, Drača D, Kaluđerović GN, Dunđerović D, Mirkov I, Wessjohann LA, Maksimović-Ivanić D, Mijatović S. The hop-derived prenylflavonoid isoxanthohumol inhibits the formation of lung metastasis in B16-F10 murine melanoma model. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 129:257-268. [PMID: 31034931 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Isoxanthohumol (IXN), a prenylflavonoid from hops and beer, gained increasing attention as a potential chemopreventive agent. In the present study, IXN antimetastatic potential in vitro against the highly invasive melanoma cell line B16-F10 and in vivo in a murine metastatic model was investigated. Melanoma cell viability was diminished in a dose-dependent manner following the treatment with IXN. This decrease was a consequence of autophagy and caspase-dependent apoptosis. Additionally, the dividing potential of highly proliferative melanoma cells was dramatically affected by this isoflavanone, which was in correlation with an abrogated cell colony forming potential, indicating changes in their metastatic features. Concordantly, IXN promoted strong suppression of the processes that define metastasis- cell adhesion, invasion, and migration. Further investigation at the molecular level revealed that the abolished metastatic potential of a melanoma subclone was due to disrupted integrin signaling. Importantly, these results were reaffirmed in vivo where IXN inhibited the development of lung metastatic foci in tumor-challenged animals. The results of the present study may highlight the beneficial effects of IXN on melanoma as the most aggressive type of skin cancer and will hopefully shed a light on the possible use of this prenylflavonoid in the treatment of metastatic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Krajnović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Dijana Drača
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Goran N Kaluđerović
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Duško Dunđerović
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, dr Subotića 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ivana Mirkov
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Danijela Maksimović-Ivanić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia.
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20
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Dickinson SE, Wondrak GT. TLR4 in skin cancer: From molecular mechanisms to clinical interventions. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1086-1093. [PMID: 31020719 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The health and economic burden imposed by skin cancer is substantial, creating an urgent need for the development of improved molecular strategies for its prevention and treatment. Cutaneous exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a causative factor in skin carcinogenesis, and TLR4-dependent inflammatory dysregulation is an emerging key mechanism underlying detrimental effects of acute and chronic UV exposure. Direct and indirect TLR4 activation, upstream of inflammatory signaling, is elicited by a variety of stimuli, including pathogen-associated molecular patterns (such as lipopolysaccharide) and damage-associated molecular patterns (such as HMGB1) that are formed upon exposure to environmental stressors, such as solar UV. TLR4 involvement has now been implicated in major types of skin malignancies, including nonmelanoma skin cancer, melanoma and Merkel cell carcinoma. Targeted molecular interventions that positively or negatively modulate TLR4 signaling have shown promise in translational, preclinical, and clinical investigations that may benefit skin cancer patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally E Dickinson
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and The University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Georg T Wondrak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and The University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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21
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Tian XL, Jiang SY, Zhang XL, Yang J, Cui JH, Liu XL, Gong KR, Yan SC, Zhang CY, Shao G. Potassium bisperoxo (1,10-phenanthroline) oxovanadate suppresses proliferation of hippocampal neuronal cell lines by increasing DNA methyltransferases. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:826-833. [PMID: 30688268 PMCID: PMC6375031 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.249230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisperoxo (1,10-phenanthroline) oxovanadate (BpV) can reportedly block the cell cycle. The present study examined whether BpV alters gene expression by affecting DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), which would impact the cell cycle. Immortalized mouse hippocampal neuronal precursor cells (HT22) were treated with 0.3 or 3 μM BpV. Proliferation, morphology, and viability of HT22 cells were detected with an IncuCyte real-time video imaging system or inverted microscope and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5(3-carboxymethonyphenol)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, respectively. mRNA and protein expression of DNMTs and p21 in HT22 cells was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting, respectively. In addition, DNMT activity was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Effects of BpV on the cell cycle were analyzed using flow cytometry. Results demonstrated that treatment with 0.3 μM BpV did not affect cell proliferation, morphology, or viability; however, treatment with 3 μM BpV decreased cell viability, increased expression of both DNMT3B mRNA and protein, and inhibited the proliferation of HT22 cells; and 3 μM BpV also blocked the cell cycle and increased expression of the regulatory factor p21 by increasing DNMT expression in mouse hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Tian
- Biomedicine Research Center, Basic Medical College and Baotou Medical College of Neuroscience Institute; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region; Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Conditioning Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Jiang
- Biomedicine Research Center, Basic Medical College and Baotou Medical College of Neuroscience Institute; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Zhang
- Biomedicine Research Center, Basic Medical College and Baotou Medical College of Neuroscience Institute; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region; Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Conditioning Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Biomedicine Research Center, Basic Medical College and Baotou Medical College of Neuroscience Institute; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jun-He Cui
- Biomedicine Research Center, Basic Medical College and Baotou Medical College of Neuroscience Institute; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Liu
- Biomedicine Research Center, Basic Medical College and Baotou Medical College of Neuroscience Institute; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ke-Rui Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California San Francsico, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shao-Chun Yan
- Biomedicine Research Center, Basic Medical College and Baotou Medical College of Neuroscience Institute; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Chun-Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Guo Shao
- Biomedicine Research Center, Basic Medical College and Baotou Medical College of Neuroscience Institute; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region; Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Conditioning Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Zhang K, Anumanthan G, Scheaffer S, Cornelius LA. HMGB1/RAGE Mediates UVB-Induced Secretory Inflammatory Response and Resistance to Apoptosis in Human Melanocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:202-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Wu D, Liang H, Wang H, Duan C, Yazdani H, Zhou J, Pan Y, Shan B, Su Z, Wei J, Cui T, Tai S. Hepatitis B virus-X protein regulates high mobility group box 1 to promote the formation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:4418-4426. [PMID: 30214576 PMCID: PMC6126216 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV X protein (HBx) is an important carcinogen for HBV-induced HCC. When the HBx gene is integrated into the host cell genome, it is difficult to eradicate. The identification of an effective target to inhibit the oncogenic function of HBx is therefore critically important. The present study demonstrated that HBx, particularly truncated HBx, was expressed in several HBV-derived cell lines (e.g., Hep3B and SNU423). By analyzing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, it was revealed that high expression of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was associated with the process and prognosis of HCC. In vitro experiments confirmed that HBx could regulate the expression of HMGB1 and knockdown of HMGB1 could decrease the ability of HBx to promote cellular proliferation. HBx could also upregulate six transcription factors (GATA binding protein 3, Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 3, heat shock transcription factor 1, nuclear factor κB subunit 1, TATA-box binding protein and Kruppel-like factor 4), which could directly regulate HMGB1. By analyzing genes that are co-expressed with HMGB1, several signaling pathways associated with the development of HCC were identified. HBx and HMGB1 were revealed to be involved in these pathways, which may be the mechanism by which HBx promotes HCC by regulating HMGB1. These findings suggested that HMGB1 may be an effective target for inhibiting HBV-induced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehai Wu
- General Surgery Department 1, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Hao Liang
- General Surgery Department 1, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- General Surgery Department 1, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Changhu Duan
- General Surgery Department 1, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Hamza Yazdani
- General Surgery Department 1, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Jinan Zhou
- Biochemistry Department, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Yujia Pan
- Biochemistry Department, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Baga Shan
- General Surgery Department 1, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Zhilei Su
- General Surgery Department 1, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Jinping Wei
- General Surgery Department 1, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Tiangang Cui
- General Surgery Department 1, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Tai
- General Surgery Department 1, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
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Khan A, Wani MY, Al-Bogami AS, Subramanian K, Kandhavelu J, Ruff P, Penny C. Anticancer Activity of Novel Gabexate Mesilate Mimetics in Colorectal Cancer Cells. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amber Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; 7 York Road, Parktown Johannesburg 2193 South Africa
| | - Mohmmad Younus Wani
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science; University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327; Jeddah 21589 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Saad Al-Bogami
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science; University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327; Jeddah 21589 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kumar Subramanian
- Department of Internal Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; 7 York Road, Parktown Johannesburg 2193 South Africa
| | - Jeyalakshmi Kandhavelu
- Department of Internal Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; 7 York Road, Parktown Johannesburg 2193 South Africa
| | - Paul Ruff
- Department of Internal Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; 7 York Road, Parktown Johannesburg 2193 South Africa
| | - Clement Penny
- Department of Internal Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; 7 York Road, Parktown Johannesburg 2193 South Africa
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25
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Xiang W, Wu X, Huang C, Wang M, Zhao X, Luo G, Li Y, Jiang G, Xiao X, Zeng F. PTTG1 regulated by miR-146a-3p promotes bladder cancer migration, invasion, metastasis and growth. Oncotarget 2018; 8:664-678. [PMID: 27893422 PMCID: PMC5352187 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) is identified as an oncogene, and overexpresses in many tumors. However, the role of PTTG1 in bladder cancer (BC) hasn't yet been characterized well. In this study, we showed the expression of PTTG1 mRNA and protein were both significantly increased in BC tissues and cells. The PTTG1 protein levels were positive correlated with increased tumor size, tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) stage, lymphatic invasion and distant metastasis of BC. PTTG1 knockdown dramatically suppressed the migration, invasion, metastasis and growth, and induced senescence and cell-cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase of BC cells. We further identified PTTG1 was the direct target of miR-146a-3p through using target prediction algorithms and luciferase reporter assay. miR-146a-3p was low expressed and negatively correlated with PTTG1 levels in BC tissues and cells. miR-146a-3p overexpression inhibited migration, invasion, metastasis and growth, and induced senescence of BC cells. Rescue experiment suggested ectopic expression of miR-146a-3p and PTTG1 suppressed migration, invasion and induced cell cycle arrest and senescence of BC cells compared to PTTG1 overexpression, confirming miR-146a-3p inhibited BC progression by targeting PTTG1. In summary, our study found miR-146a-3p/PTTG1 axis regulated BC migration, invasion, metastasis and growth, and might be a targets for BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China.,Department of Urology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Xinchao Wu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Xian Zhao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Gang Luo
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yawei Li
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Guosong Jiang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Xingyuan Xiao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Fuqing Zeng
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
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26
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Xie B, Cao K, Li J, Chen J, Tang J, Chen X, Xia K, Zhou X, Cheng Y, Zhou J, Xie H. Hmgb1 inhibits Klotho expression and malignant phenotype in melanoma cells by activating NF-κB. Oncotarget 2018; 7:80765-80782. [PMID: 27779100 PMCID: PMC5348353 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular and cellular mechanisms behind the involvement of inflammation in melanoma have not been fully elucidated. In this study, knockdown of Hmgb1 expression increased apoptosis, reduced invasion and p-NF-κB expression, but increased Klotho protein level in melanoma tumor cells. The effect of Hmgb1 knockdown was overcome by LPS. Introduction of exogenous Hmgb1 significantly decreased apoptosis, increased invasion, elevated p-NF-κB, but lowered Klotho protein level in melanoma cells. The effect of exogenous Hmgb1 was agonized by NF-κB inhibitor CAPE. Hmgb1 knockdown activated, but exogenous Hmgb1 inactivated, p-IGF1R/p-PI3K p-85/p-Akt/p-mTOR signaling. Knockdown of Klotho gene expression significantly decreased apoptosis, increased invasion in melanoma cells, and inhibited xenograft A375 tumor growth. A significantly high percentage of cells stained positive for p-NF-κB, but negative for Klotho, in melanoma tissues compared to normal and benign skin tissues. The positive p-NF-κB and negative Klotho protein expression correlated with poor prognosis in melanoma patients. Multivariate analysis revealed an independent association between p-NF-κB / Klotho protein level and overall survival. In conclusion, Hmgb1 can inhibit Klotho gene expression and malignant phenotype in melanoma cells through activation of NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Xie
- Deptment of Plastic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jinjin Li
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Deptment of Plastic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jintian Tang
- Institute of Medical Physics and Engineering, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Kun Xia
- State Key Laboratory, Medical Genetic, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Department of Oncoplast & Reconstructure Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jianda Zhou
- Deptment of Plastic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Huiqing Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
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27
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HMGB1-mediated DNA bending: Distinct roles in increasing p53 binding to DNA and the transactivation of p53-responsive gene promoters. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2018; 1861:200-210. [PMID: 29421308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
HMGB1 is a chromatin-associated protein that has been implicated in many important biological processes such as transcription, recombination, DNA repair, and genome stability. These functions include the enhancement of binding of a number of transcription factors, including the tumor suppressor protein p53, to their specific DNA-binding sites. HMGB1 is composed of two highly conserved HMG boxes, linked to an intrinsically disordered acidic C-terminal tail. Previous reports have suggested that the ability of HMGB1 to bend DNA may explain the in vitro HMGB1-mediated increase in sequence-specific DNA binding by p53. The aim of this study was to reinvestigate the importance of HMGB1-induced DNA bending in relationship to the ability of the protein to promote the specific binding of p53 to short DNA duplexes in vitro, and to transactivate two major p53-regulated human genes: Mdm2 and p21/WAF1. Using a number of HMGB1 mutants, we report that the HMGB1-mediated increase in sequence-specific p53 binding to DNA duplexes in vitro depends very little on HMGB1-mediated DNA bending. The presence of the acidic C-terminal tail of HMGB1 and/or the oxidation of the protein can reduce the HMGB1-mediated p53 binding. Interestingly, the induction of transactivation of p53-responsive gene promoters by HMGB1 requires both the ability of the protein to bend DNA and the acidic C-terminal tail, and is promoter-specific. We propose that the efficient transactivation of p53-responsive gene promoters by HMGB1 depends on complex events, rather than solely on the promotion of p53 binding to its DNA cognate sites.
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28
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Carfilzomib induces G2/M cell cycle arrest in human endometrial cancer cells via upregulation of p21 Waf1/Cip1 and p27 Kip1. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 55:847-851. [PMID: 28040131 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carfilzomib is a second-generation tetrapeptide epoxyketone proteasome inhibitor used in current clinical therapy of hematologic malignancies. The mechanism of proteasome inhibition in endometrial cancer is not very clear. Carfilzomib inhibition of type I endometrial carcinoma cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase was investigated in our study. MATERIALS AND METHODS HEC-1-A and Ishikawa endometrial carcinoma cell lines and three tumor cell lines were treated by different concentrations of carfilzomib. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to detect cell viability. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle. Western blot was used to detect proteins involved in cell cycle progression. RESULTS Carfilzomib impaired viability of myelogenous leukemia cell line K562, cervical cancer cell line HeLa, hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMCC-7721, and endometrial carcinoma cell lines HEC-1-A and Ishikawa. The cell cycle was arrested at the G2/M phase in carfilzomib-treated HEC-1-A endometrial carcinoma cells, while it was arrested at both S and G2/M phases in carfilzomib-treated Ishikawa cells. Carfilzomib treatment significantly induced p21Waf1/ Cip1 and p27, while substantially reduced cyclin D3 and cyclin-dependent kinase 1. CONCLUSION This study showed that carfilzomib inhibited endometrial cancer proliferation by upregulating cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21Waf1/Cip1 and p27Kip1, and reducing cyclin-dependent kinase 1 to arrest the cell cycle at the G2/M phase.
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29
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He SJ, Cheng J, Feng X, Yu Y, Tian L, Huang Q. The dual role and therapeutic potential of high-mobility group box 1 in cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:64534-64550. [PMID: 28969092 PMCID: PMC5610024 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an abundant protein in most eukaryocytes. It can bind to several receptors such as advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs), in direct or indirect way. The biological effects of HMGB1 depend on its expression and subcellular location. Inside the nucleus, HMGB1 is engaged in many DNA events such as DNA repair, transcription, telomere maintenance, and genome stability. While outside the nucleus, it possesses more complicated functions, including regulating cell proliferation, autophagy, inflammation and immunity. During tumor development, HMGB1 has been characterized as both a pro- and anti-tumoral protein by either promoting or suppressing tumor growth, proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. However, the current knowledge concerning the positive and negative effects of HMGB1 on tumor development is not explicit. Here, we evaluate the role of HMGB1 in tumor development and attempt to reconcile the dual effects of HMGB1 in carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we would like to present current strategies targeting against HMGB1, its receptor or release, which have shown potentially therapeutic value in cancer intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia He
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Oncology Department, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ling Tian
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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30
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Wang G, Fu Y, Hu F, Lan J, Xu F, Yang X, Luo X, Wang J, Hu J. Loss of BRG1 induces CRC cell senescence by regulating p53/p21 pathway. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2607. [PMID: 28182012 PMCID: PMC5386468 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Brahma-related gene-1 (BRG1) is the specific ATPase of switch/sucrose nonfermentable chromatin-remodeling complex that is aberrantly expressed or mutated in various cancers. However, the exact role of BRG1 in oncogenesis remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that the knockdown (KD) of BRG1 promotes cellular senescence by influencing the SIRT1/p53/p21 signal axis in colorectal cancer (CRC). In particular, we reveal that the expression level of BRG1 is inversely correlated with p21, one of the classic senescence regulators, and is decreased in senescent CRC cells. KD of BRG1 promoting senescence is indicated by the increase of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell cycle arrest, and formation of senescence-associated heterochromatin foci. BRG1 binds to SIRT1 and interferes with SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of p53 at K382. Rescue experiments by co-silencing p53 or treatment with EX527, a SIRT1-specific inhibitor, abrogated the cellular senescence induced by KD of BRG1. BRG1 KD cells resulted in smaller tumor formation than that in control cells in vivo. Collectively, our study shows that BRG1 has an important role in cellular senescence and tumor growth. The BRG1/SIRT1/p53 signal axis is a novel mechanism of cell senescence in CRC and is a new potential target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinjia Fu
- Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuqing Hu
- Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinqing Lan
- Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuelai Luo
- Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junbo Hu
- Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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31
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Zeng Q, Cao K, Liu R, Huang J, Xia K, Tang J, Chen X, Zhou M, Xie H, Zhou J. Identification of TDP-43 as an oncogene in melanoma and its function during melanoma pathogenesis. Cancer Biol Ther 2016; 18:8-15. [PMID: 27786596 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2016.1250984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although recent studies have revealed TAR (trans-activating response region) DNA binding protein (TDP-43) as a potential therapeutic target for cancers, its role and clinical association with melanoma have not been explored. OBJECTIVE To identify the role and function of TDP-43 during melanoma pathogenesis. METHODS Firstly, the relationship between TDP-43 expression and patient survival was explored. Then TDP-43 expression level in melanoma tissue and different melanoma cell lines was measured. After silencing TDP-43 expression in melanoma cells, the impacts of TDP-43 on cellular proliferation, metastasis, glucose uptake, and glucose transporters levels were studied. In the end, effect of TDP-43 depletion on tumorigenicity of melanoma cells was tested in vivo. RESULTS Our results showed that TDP-43 was overexpressed in melanoma paraffin samples compared with that in nevi tissues. The high expression level of TDP-43 was associated with poor patient survival. By silencing TDP-43, we saw significant inhibition of cell proliferation and metastasis in A375 and WM451 cells. TDP-43 knockdown could suppress glucose transporter type-4 (GLUT4) expression and reduce glucose uptake. And downregulation of GLUT4 in melanoma cells induced inhibition of cell proliferation and metastasis. TDP-43 knockdown significantly slowed down tumor growth and decreased GLUT4 expression in vivo. CONCLUSION TDP-43 is a novel oncogene in melanoma and regulates melanoma proliferation and metastasis potentially through modulation of glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Zeng
- a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , China.,b Department of Dermatology , Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Ke Cao
- c Department of Oncology , Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Rui Liu
- a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Jinhua Huang
- b Department of Dermatology , Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Kun Xia
- d State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Jintian Tang
- e Institute of Medical Physics and Engineering , Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Xiang Chen
- f Department of Dermatology , Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Ming Zhou
- g Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Huiqing Xie
- h Department of Rehabilitation , Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Jianda Zhou
- a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , China
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32
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NK Cells, Tumor Cell Transition, and Tumor Progression in Solid Malignancies: New Hints for NK-Based Immunotherapy? J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:4684268. [PMID: 27294158 PMCID: PMC4880686 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4684268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Several evidences suggest that NK cells can patrol the body and eliminate tumors in their initial phases but may hardly control established solid tumors. Multiple factors, including the transition of tumor cells towards a proinvasive/prometastatic phenotype, the immunosuppressive effect of the tumor microenvironment, and the tumor structure complexity, may account for limited NK cell efficacy. Several putative mechanisms of NK cell suppression have been defined in these last years; conversely, the cross talk between NK cells and tumor cells undergoing different transitional phases remains poorly explored. Nevertheless, recent in vitro studies and immunohistochemical analyses on tumor biopsies suggest that NK cells could not only kill tumor cells but also influence their evolution. Indeed, NK cells may induce tumor cells to change the expression of HLA-I, PD-L1, or NKG2D-L and modulate their susceptibility to the immune response. Moreover, NK cells may be preferentially located in the borders of tumor masses, where, indeed, tumor cells can undergo Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) acquiring prometastatic phenotype. Finally, the recently highlighted role of HMGB1 both in EMT and in amplifying the recruitment of NK cells provides further hints on a possible effect of NK cells on tumor progression and fosters new studies on this issue.
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33
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Bao G, Qu F, He L, Zhao H, Wang N, Ji G, He X. Prognostic Significance of Tag SNP rs1045411 in HMGB1 of the Aggressive Gastric Cancer in a Chinese Population. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154378. [PMID: 27116470 PMCID: PMC4845981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Compelling evidences have suggested that high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) gene plays a crucial role in cancer development and progression. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HMGB1 gene on the survival of gastric cancer (GC) patients. Three tag SNPs from HMGB1 gene were selected and genotyped using Sequenom iPEX genotyping system in a cohort of 1030 GC patients (704 in training set, 326 in validation set). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier Curve were used for prognosis analysis. AG/AA genotypes of SNP rs1045411 in HMGB1 gene were significantly associated with better overall survival (OS) in a set of 704 GC patients when compared with GG genotypes (HR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.60-0.97, P = 0.032). This prognostic effect was verified in an independent validation set and pooled analysis (HR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.62-0.99, P = 0.046; HR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.55-0.98, P = 0.043, respectively). In stratified analysis, the protective effect of rs1045411 AG/AA genotypes was more prominent in patients with adverse strata, compared with patients with favorable strata. Furthermore, strong joint predictive effects on OS of GC patients were noted between rs1045411 genotypes and Lauren classification, differentiation, stage or adjuvant chemotherapy. Additionally, functional assay indicated a significant effect of rs1045411 on HMGB1 expression. Our results suggest that rs1045411 in HMGB1 is significantly associated with clinical outcomes of Chinese GC patients after surgery, especially in those with aggressive status, which warrants further validation in other ethnic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Bao
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
- * E-mail: (GB); (XH)
| | - Falin Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States of America
| | - Huadong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Gang Ji
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xianli He
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
- * E-mail: (GB); (XH)
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Chen Y, Lin C, Liu Y, Jiang Y. HMGB1 promotes HCC progression partly by downregulating p21 via ERK/c-Myc pathway and upregulating MMP-2. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:4399-408. [PMID: 26499944 PMCID: PMC4844642 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was found to be over-expressed in many kinds of human cancer, which binds with several receptors and activates RAGE-Ras-MAPK, Toll-like receptors, NF-κB, and Src family kinase signaling pathways and plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the function and mechanism of HMGB1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of HMGB1 on HCC progression and explore new molecular mechanism. HMGB1 transient knockdown, stable knockdown, and re-expression were performed by transfection with specific siRNA, shRNA, or expression vector in HCCLM3 cells. Results showed that transient knockdown HMGB1 prevented cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis, induced S phase arrest, and inhibited migration and invasion in vitro, and stable knockdown HMGB1 inhibited xenograft growth in Balb/c athymic mice in vivo. Molecular mechanism investigation revealed that knockdown HMGB1 significantly reduced the activation of MAPKs, including ERK1/2, p38, SAPK/JNK, as well as MAPKKs (MEK1/2, SEK1) and its substrates (c-Jun, c-Myc); downregulated NF-κB/p65 expression and phosphorylation level; decreased MMP-2 expression and activity; and upregulated p21 expression. Interestingly, c-Myc was firstly found to be involved in the promoting function of HMGB1 on HCC progression, which provided a novel clue for the inhibitory effect of HMGB1 on p21 expression by a p53-independent pathway. Collectively, these findings indicated that HMGB1 promoted HCC progression partly by enhancing the ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathways, upregulating MMP-2, and downregulating p21 via an ERK/c-Myc pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Chen
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Yixueyuan Rd 138, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chengzhao Lin
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Yixueyuan Rd 138, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Yixueyuan Rd 138, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Yixueyuan Rd 138, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Muth C, Rubner Y, Semrau S, Rühle PF, Frey B, Strnad A, Buslei R, Fietkau R, Gaipl US. Primary glioblastoma multiforme tumors and recurrence : Comparative analysis of the danger signals HMGB1, HSP70, and calreticulin. Strahlenther Onkol 2015; 192:146-55. [PMID: 26646311 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-015-0926-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive brain tumor. Despite improved multimodal therapies, the tumor recurs in most cases. Diverging patient survival suggests great tumor heterogeneity and different therapy responses. Danger signals such as high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and calreticulin (CRT) are biomarker candidates, due to their association with tumor progression versus induction of antitumor immune responses. Overexpression of these danger signals has been reported for various types of tumors; however, their role in GBM is still elusive. A direct comparison of their expression in the primary tumor versus the corresponding relapse is still lacking for most tumor entities. PATIENTS AND METHODS We therefore performed an expression analysis by immunohistochemistry of the danger signals HMGB1, HSP70, and CRT in primary tumors and the corresponding relapses of 9 patients with de novo GBM. RESULTS HMGB1 was highly expressed in primary tumors with a significant reduction in the respective relapse. The extracellular HSP70 expression was significantly increased in the relapse compared to the primary tumor. CRT was generally highly expressed in the primary tumor, with a slight increase in the relapse. CONCLUSION The combination of a decreased expression of HMGB1, an increased expression of extracellular HSP70, and an increased expression of CRT in the relapse seems to be beneficial for patient survival. HMGB1, extracellular HSP70, and CRT could be taken into concerted consideration as potential biomarkers for the prognosis of patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Muth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yvonne Rubner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sabine Semrau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paul-Friedrich Rühle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Frey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Annedore Strnad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rolf Buslei
- Department of Neuropathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Udo S Gaipl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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Promoter-associated endogenous and exogenous small RNAs suppress human bladder cancer cell metastasis by activating p21 (CIP1/WAF1) expression. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:6589-98. [PMID: 26643891 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4571-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data suggest that micro RNAs (miRNAs) or double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) can activate gene expression by targeting promoters. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 (CIP1/WAF1) (p21) has also been shown to suppress epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) which plays a crucial role in the early stage of tumor metastases and invasiveness. In a previous study, we have reported that miR-370-5p is low-expressed in bladder cancer (BCa) tissues and cell lines. Here, we identified that miR-370-5p and sequence homology dsRNA (dsP21-555) fully complementary to promoter hold the potent abilities to induce p21 expression. Moreover, transfection of miR-370-5p or dsP21-555 into BCa cells remarkably inverts EMT-associated genes (increases epithelial cell makers E-cadherin and β-catenin, and decreases mesenchymal cell markers ZEB1 and Vimentin) expression mainly via regulating p21 expression. Besides, through manipulating p21, both the candidates can retard BCa cell migration and invasion. In summary, our results provide evidence that both endogenous and exogenous small RNAs may function to induce p21 expression by interacting with the similar promoter region and impede BCa metastasis.
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Mustapha N, Pinon A, Limami Y, Simon A, Ghedira K, Hennebelle T, Chekir-Ghedira L. Crataegus azarolusLeaves Induce Antiproliferative Activity, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Apoptosis in Human HT-29 and HCT-116 Colorectal Cancer Cells. J Cell Biochem 2015; 117:1262-72. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Mustapha
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire; Faculté de médecine dentaire; Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne; 5000 Monastir Tunisie
- Unité de Substances naturelles bioactives et biotechnologie UR12ES12; Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir; Université de Monastir; Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir Tunisie
| | - Aline Pinon
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles; EA 1069; Faculté de Pharmacie; Université de Limoges; 2 rue du Dr marcland 87025 Limoges France
| | - Youness Limami
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles; EA 1069; Faculté de Pharmacie; Université de Limoges; 2 rue du Dr marcland 87025 Limoges France
| | - Alain Simon
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles; EA 1069; Faculté de Pharmacie; Université de Limoges; 2 rue du Dr marcland 87025 Limoges France
| | - Kamel Ghedira
- Unité de Substances naturelles bioactives et biotechnologie UR12ES12; Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir; Université de Monastir; Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir Tunisie
| | - Thierry Hennebelle
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie; E.A. 4481; Faculté de Pharmacie B.P. 83; Université de Lille 2; 59006 Lille cedex France
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire; Faculté de médecine dentaire; Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne; 5000 Monastir Tunisie
- Unité de Substances naturelles bioactives et biotechnologie UR12ES12; Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir; Université de Monastir; Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir Tunisie
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Capaldo BJ, Roller D, Axelrod MJ, Koeppel AF, Petricoin EF, Slingluff CL, Weber MJ, Mackey AJ, Gioeli D, Bekiranov S. Systems Analysis of Adaptive Responses to MAP Kinase Pathway Blockade in BRAF Mutant Melanoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138210. [PMID: 26405815 PMCID: PMC4583389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fifty percent of cutaneous melanomas are driven by activated BRAFV600E, but tumors treated with RAF inhibitors, even when they respond dramatically, rapidly adapt and develop resistance. Thus, there is a pressing need to identify the major mechanisms of intrinsic and adaptive resistance and develop drug combinations that target these resistance mechanisms. In a combinatorial drug screen on a panel of 12 treatment-naïve BRAFV600E mutant melanoma cell lines of varying levels of resistance to mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway inhibition, we identified the combination of PLX4720, a targeted inhibitor of mutated BRaf, and lapatinib, an inhibitor of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, as synergistically cytotoxic in the subset of cell lines that displayed the most resistance to PLX4720. To identify potential mechanisms of resistance to PLX4720 treatment and synergy with lapatinib treatment, we performed a multi-platform functional genomics analysis to profile the genome as well as the transcriptional and proteomic responses of these cell lines to treatment with PLX4720. We found modest levels of resistance correlated with the zygosity of the BRAF V600E allele and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) mutational status. Layered over base-line resistance was substantial upregulation of many ErbB pathway genes in response to BRaf inhibition, thus generating the vulnerability to combination with lapatinib. The transcriptional responses of ErbB pathway genes are associated with a number of transcription factors, including ETS2 and its associated cofactors that represent a convergent regulatory mechanism conferring synergistic drug susceptibility in the context of diverse mutational landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Capaldo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Devin Roller
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Mark J. Axelrod
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Alex F. Koeppel
- Bioinfomatics Core Facility, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Emanuel F. Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, School of Systems Biology, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Craig L. Slingluff
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Weber
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Aaron J. Mackey
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Daniel Gioeli
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Stefan Bekiranov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Jin L, Datta PK. Oncogenic STRAP functions as a novel negative regulator of E-cadherin and p21(Cip1) by modulating the transcription factor Sp1. Cell Cycle 2015; 13:3909-20. [PMID: 25483064 DOI: 10.4161/15384101.2014.973310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported the identification of a novel WD-domain protein, STRAP that plays a role in maintenance of mesenchymal morphology by regulating E-cadherin and that enhances tumorigenicity partly by downregulating CDK inhibitor p21(Cip1). However, the functional mechanism of regulation of E-cadherin and p21(Cip1) by STRAP is unknown. Here, we have employed STRAP knock out and knockdown cell models (mouse embryonic fibroblast, human cancer cell lines) to show how STRAP downregulates E-cadherin and p21(Cip1) by abrogating the binding of Sp1 to its consensus binding sites. Moreover, ChIP assays suggest that STRAP recruits HDAC1 to Sp1 binding sites in p21(Cip1) promoter. Interestingly, loss of STRAP can stabilize Sp1 by repressing its ubiquitination in G1 phase, resulting in an enhanced expression of p21(Cip1) by >4.5-fold and cell cycle arrest. Using Bioinformatics and Microarray analyses, we have observed that 87% mouse genes downregulated by STRAP have conserved Sp1 binding sites. In NSCLC, the expression levels of STRAP inversely correlated with that of Sp1 (60%). These results suggest a novel mechanism of regulation of E-cadherin and p21(Cip1) by STRAP by modulating Sp1-dependent transcription, and higher expression of STRAP in lung cancer may contribute to downregulation of E-cadherin and p21(Cip1) and to tumor progression.
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Key Words
- CDK2, cyclin-dependent kinase 2
- CDK4, cyclin-dependent kinase 4
- HDAC1, histone deacetylase 1
- HDAC2, histone deacetylase 2
- HDAC3, histone deacetylase 3
- HNF4, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4
- MEF, mouse embryonic fibroblast
- NF-YA, nuclear transcription factor Y subunit alpha
- PARP, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
- RNase, A ribonuclease A
- RhoA, Ras homolog gene family, member A
- STRAP
- STRAP, serine threonine kinase receptor-associated protein
- SWI/SNF, SWItch/Sucrose nonfermentable
- Sp/KLF, specificity protein/Krüppel-like factor
- Sp1
- Sp1, specificity protein 1
- TSA, trichostatin A
- TSS, transcription start site
- TβR I, II, TGF-β receptor I, II
- cell cycle
- p300/CBP, p300/ CREB-binding protein
- transcription factor
- ubiquitination
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jin
- a Division of Hematology and Oncology; Department of Medicine; UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham ; Birmingham , AL USA
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40
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Cao L, Ding J, Dong L, Zhao J, Su J, Wang L, Sui Y, Zhao T, Wang F, Jin J, Cai Y. Negative Regulation of p21Waf1/Cip1 by Human INO80 Chromatin Remodeling Complex Is Implicated in Cell Cycle Phase G2/M Arrest and Abnormal Chromosome Stability. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137411. [PMID: 26340092 PMCID: PMC4560432 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously identified an ATP-dependent human Ino80 (INO80) chromatin remodeling complex which shares a set of core subunits with yeast Ino80 complex. Although research evidence has suggested that INO80 complex functions in gene transcription and genome stability, the precise mechanism remains unclear. Herein, based on gene expression profiles from the INO80 complex-knockdown in HeLa cells, we first demonstrate that INO80 complex negatively regulates the p21Waf1/Cip1 (p21) expression in a p53-mediated mechanism. In chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and a sequential ChIP (Re-ChIP) assays, we determined that the INO80 complex and p53 can bind to the same promoter region of p21 gene (-2.2kb and -1.0kb upstream of the p21 promoter region), and p53 is required for the recruitment of the INO80 complex to the p21 promoter. RNAi knockdown strategies of INO80 not only led to prolonged progression of cell cycle phase G2/M to G1, but it also resulted in abnormal chromosome stability. Interestingly, high expression of p21 was observed in most morphologically-changed cells, suggesting that negative regulation of p21 by INO80 complex might be implicated in maintaining the cell cycle process and chromosome stability. Together, our findings will provide a theoretical basis to further elucidate the cellular mechanisms of the INO80 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jian Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Liguo Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiayao Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaming Su
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lingyao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yi Sui
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jingji Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin, China
- * E-mail: (JJ); (YC)
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin, China
- * E-mail: (JJ); (YC)
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Borisov NM, Terekhanova NV, Aliper AM, Venkova LS, Smirnov PY, Roumiantsev S, Korzinkin MB, Zhavoronkov AA, Buzdin AA. Signaling pathways activation profiles make better markers of cancer than expression of individual genes. Oncotarget 2015; 5:10198-205. [PMID: 25415353 PMCID: PMC4259415 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of reliable and accurate molecular markers remains one of the major challenges of contemporary biomedicine. We developed a new bioinformatic technique termed OncoFinder that for the first time enables to quantatively measure activation of intracellular signaling pathways basing on transcriptomic data. Signaling pathways regulate all major cellular events in health and disease. Here, we showed that the Pathway Activation Strength (PAS) value itself may serve as the biomarker for cancer, and compared it with the "traditional" molecular markers based on the expression of individual genes. We applied OncoFinder to profile gene expression datasets for the nine human cancer types including bladder cancer, basal cell carcinoma, glioblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma, primary melanoma, prostate cancer and renal cancer, totally 292 cancer and 128 normal tissue samples taken from the Gene expression omnibus (GEO) repository. We profiled activation of 82 signaling pathways that involve ~2700 gene products. For 9/9 of the cancer types tested, the PAS values showed better area-under-the-curve (AUC) scores compared to the individual genes enclosing each of the pathways. These results evidence that the PAS values can be used as a new type of cancer biomarkers, superior to the traditional gene expression biomarkers.
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42
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Widel M, Lalik A, Krzywon A, Poleszczuk J, Fujarewicz K, Rzeszowska-Wolny J. The different radiation response and radiation-induced bystander effects in colorectal carcinoma cells differing in p53 status. Mutat Res 2015; 778:61-70. [PMID: 26099456 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced bystander effect, appearing as different biological changes in cells that are not directly exposed to ionizing radiation but are under the influence of molecular signals secreted by irradiated neighbors, have recently attracted considerable interest due to their possible implication for radiotherapy. However, various cells present diverse radiosensitivity and bystander responses that depend, inter alia, on genetic status including TP53, the gene controlling the cell cycle, DNA repair and apoptosis. Here we compared the ionizing radiation and bystander responses of human colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cells with wild type or knockout TP53 using a transwell co-culture system. The viability of exposed to X-rays (0-8 Gy) and bystander cells of both lines showed a roughly comparable decline with increasing dose. The frequency of micronuclei was also comparable at lower doses but at higher increased considerably, especially in bystander TP53-/- cells. Moreover, the TP53-/- cells showed a significantly elevated frequency of apoptosis, while TP53+/+ counterparts expressed high level of senescence. The cross-matched experiments where irradiated cells of one line were co-cultured with non-irradiated cells of opposite line show that both cell lines were also able to induce bystander effects in their counterparts, however different endpoints revealed with different strength. Potential mediators of bystander effects, IL-6 and IL-8, were also generated differently in both lines. The knockout cells secreted IL-6 at lower doses whereas wild type cells only at higher doses. Secretion of IL-8 by TP53-/- control cells was many times lower than that by TP53+/+ but increased significantly after irradiation. Transcription of the NFκBIA was induced in irradiated TP53+/+ mainly, but in bystanders a higher level was observed in TP53-/- cells, suggesting that TP53 is required for induction of NFκB pathway after irradiation but another mechanism of activation must operate in bystander cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Widel
- Biosystems Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Silesian University of Technology, 16 Akademicka Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Anna Lalik
- Biosystems Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Silesian University of Technology, 16 Akademicka Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Krzywon
- Biosystems Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Silesian University of Technology, 16 Akademicka Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Jan Poleszczuk
- College of Inter-faculty Individual Studies in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Warsaw, 93 Zwirki i Wigury Street, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Krzysztof Fujarewicz
- Biosystems Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Silesian University of Technology, 16 Akademicka Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Joanna Rzeszowska-Wolny
- Biosystems Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Silesian University of Technology, 16 Akademicka Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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A New Double Stranded RNA Suppresses Bladder Cancer Development by Upregulating p21 (Waf1/CIP1) Expression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:304753. [PMID: 25918708 PMCID: PMC4396018 DOI: 10.1155/2015/304753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that miR-1180-5p has potent ability to upregulate p21 expression by targeting promoter and inhibit bladder cancer. This prompted us to conjecture that a candidate dsRNA (dsP21-397) with perfect complementarity to the miR-1180-5p target site of p21 promoter may also trigger p21 expression. Transfection of dsP21-397 into T24 and EJ cells significantly activated p21 expression at 72 h and the activation presented in a time-course and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the p21-activated activities of dsP21-397 and miR-1180-5p are not significantly different. Overexpression of p21 downregulated Cyclin D1, CDK4/6, and Cyclin A2 expression, and thereby induced cell cycle arrest and inhibited proliferation. Moreover, dsP21-397 suppressed bladder cancer largely depended on manipulating p21. In conclusion, our study identifies a pair of miRNA-dsRNA mediating endogenous p21 overexpression.
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Wang C, Chen Z, Ge Q, Hu J, Li F, Hu J, Xu H, Ye Z, Li LC. Up-regulation of p21(WAF1/CIP1) by miRNAs and its implications in bladder cancer cells. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:4654-64. [PMID: 25447520 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that synthetic dsRNA can activate p21 expression by targeting the p21 promoter, thereby suppressing the proliferation of human bladder cancer cells. As complementarity between dsRNA and its target sequences is necessary for RNA activation, miRNAs may also trigger p21 expression through the same mechanism. Here, the expression levels of three miRNAs (miR-370, miR-1180 and miR-1236) decreased in bladder cancer tissues compared to healthy controls and the levels of these mRNAs positively correlated with p21 mRNA levels. The three miRNAs induced nuclear p21 expression through p21-promoter binding. Overexpression of the three miRNAs inhibited the proliferation of bladder cancer cells mainly by regulating p21. Therefore, these miRNAs could be candidates for anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghe Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Qiangqiang Ge
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Junhui Hu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zhangqun Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Long-Cheng Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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