1
|
Pabon A, Bhupana JN, Wong CO. Crosstalk between degradation and bioenergetics: how autophagy and endolysosomal processes regulate energy production. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:671-681. [PMID: 38886933 PMCID: PMC11433889 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-02095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to adapt to changes in nutrient availability, cellular activity, and transitions in cell states. The balance between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration is crucial for energy production, and metabolic reprogramming stipulates a shift in such balance to optimize both bioenergetic efficiency and anabolic requirements. Failure in switching bioenergetic dependence can lead to maladaptation and pathogenesis. While cellular degradation is known to recycle precursor molecules for anabolism, its potential role in regulating energy production remains less explored. The bioenergetic switch between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration involves transcription factors and organelle homeostasis, which are both regulated by the cellular degradation pathways. A growing body of studies has demonstrated that both stem cells and differentiated cells exhibit bioenergetic switch upon perturbations of autophagic activity or endolysosomal processes. Here, we highlighted the current understanding of the interplay between degradation processes, specifically autophagy and endolysosomes, transcription factors, endolysosomal signaling, and mitochondrial homeostasis in shaping cellular bioenergetics. This review aims to summarize the relationship between degradation processes and bioenergetics, providing a foundation for future research to unveil deeper mechanistic insights into bioenergetic regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelid Pabon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | | | - Ching-On Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu XF, Liao YT, Shao JH, He DD, Fan ZH, Xu YN, Li C, Zhang X. Angelicin improves osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats by reducing ROS production in osteoclasts through regulation of the KAT6A/Nrf2 signalling pathway. Chin Med 2024; 19:91. [PMID: 38956695 PMCID: PMC11218408 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00961-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angelicin, which is found in Psoralea, can help prevent osteoporosis by stopping osteoclast formation, although the precise mechanism remains unclear. METHODS We evaluated the effect of angelicin on the oxidative stress level of osteoclasts using ovariectomized osteoporosis model rats and RAW264.7 cells. Changes in the bone mass of the femur were investigated using H&E staining and micro-CT. ROS content was investigated by DHE fluorescence labelling. Osteoclast-related genes and proteins were examined for expression using Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, and real-time quantitative PCR. The influence of angelicin on osteoclast development was also evaluated using the MTT assay, double luciferin assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation, immunoprecipitation and KAT6A siRNA transfection. RESULTS Rats treated with angelicin had considerably higher bone mineral density and fewer osteoclasts. Angelicin prevented RAW264.7 cells from differentiating into osteoclasts in vitro when stimulated by RANKL. Experiments revealed reduced ROS levels and significantly upregulated intracellular KAT6A, HO-1, and Nrf2 following angelicin treatment. The expression of genes unique to osteoclasts, such as MMP9 and NFATc1, was also downregulated. Finally, KAT6A siRNA transfection increased intracellular ROS levels while decreasing KAT6A, Nrf2, and HO-1 protein expression in osteoclasts. However, in the absence of KAT6A siRNA transfection, angelicin greatly counteracted this effect in osteoclasts. CONCLUSIONS Angelicin increased the expression of KAT6A. This enhanced KAT6A expression helps to activate the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant stress system and decrease ROS levels in osteoclasts, thus inhibiting oxidative stress levels and osteoclast formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Liu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yi-Tao Liao
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jia-Hao Shao
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Dan-Dan He
- Department of Spine, Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, 214071, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Fan
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ye-Nan Xu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Spine, Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, 214071, China.
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Spine, Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, 214071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Potes Y, Bermejo-Millo JC, Mendes C, Castelão-Baptista JP, Díaz-Luis A, Pérez-Martínez Z, Solano JJ, Sardão VA, Oliveira PJ, Caballero B, Coto-Montes A, Vega-Naredo I. p66Shc signaling and autophagy impact on C2C12 myoblast differentiation during senescence. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:200. [PMID: 38459002 PMCID: PMC10923948 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
During aging, muscle regenerative capacities decline, which is concomitant with the loss of satellite cells that enter in a state of irreversible senescence. However, what mechanisms are involved in myogenic senescence and differentiation are largely unknown. Here, we showed that early-passage or "young" C2C12 myoblasts activated the redox-sensitive p66Shc signaling pathway, exhibited a strong antioxidant protection and a bioenergetic profile relying predominantly on OXPHOS, responses that decrease progressively during differentiation. Furthermore, autophagy was increased in myotubes. Otherwise, late-passage or "senescent" myoblasts led to a highly metabolic profile, relying on both OXPHOS and glycolysis, that may be influenced by the loss of SQSTM1/p62 which tightly regulates the metabolic shift from aerobic glycolysis to OXPHOS. Furthermore, during differentiation of late-passage C2C12 cells, both p66Shc signaling and autophagy were impaired and this coincides with reduced myogenic capacity. Our findings recognized that the lack of p66Shc compromises the proliferation and the onset of the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. Moreover, the Atg7 silencing favored myoblasts growth, whereas interfered in the viability of differentiated myotubes. Then, our work demonstrates that the p66Shc signaling pathway, which highly influences cellular metabolic status and oxidative environment, is critical for the myogenic commitment and differentiation of C2C12 cells. Our findings also support that autophagy is essential for the metabolic switch observed during the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts, confirming how its regulation determines cell fate. The regulatory roles of p66Shc and autophagy mechanisms on myogenesis require future attention as possible tools that could predict and measure the aging-related state of frailty and disability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaiza Potes
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Juan C Bermejo-Millo
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Catarina Mendes
- CNC-UC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José P Castelão-Baptista
- CNC-UC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- PDBEB - Doctoral Program in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Andrea Díaz-Luis
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Zulema Pérez-Martínez
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Microbiology service, University Central Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan J Solano
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Geriatric Service, Monte Naranco Hospital, Av. Doctores Fernández Vega, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Vilma A Sardão
- CIBB, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- MIA-Portugal - Multidisciplinary Institute of Ageing, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-UC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Caballero
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Coto-Montes
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Vega-Naredo
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Baxi AB, Li J, Quach VM, Pade LR, Moody SA, Nemes P. Cell lineage-guided mass spectrometry reveals increased energy metabolism and reactive oxygen species in the vertebrate organizer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2311625121. [PMID: 38300871 PMCID: PMC10861879 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311625121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecular understanding of the vertebrate Organizer, a tissue center critical for inductive signaling during gastrulation, has so far been mostly limited to transcripts and a few proteins, the latter due to limitations in detection and sensitivity. The Spemann-Mangold Organizer (SMO) in the South African Clawed Frog (X. laevis), a popular model of development, has long been known to be the origin of signals that pattern the mesoderm and central nervous system. Molecular screens of the SMO have identified several genes responsible for the ability of the SMO to establish the body axis. Nonetheless, a comprehensive study of proteins and metabolites produced specifically in the SMO and their functional roles has been lacking. Here, we pioneer a deep discovery proteomic and targeted metabolomic screen of the SMO in comparison to the remainder of the embryo using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Quantification of ~4,600 proteins and a panel of targeted metabolites documented differential expression for 460 proteins and multiple intermediates of energy metabolism in the SMO. Upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation and redox regulatory proteins gave rise to elevated oxidative stress and an accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the SMO. Imaging experiments corroborated these findings, discovering enrichment of hydrogen peroxide in the SMO. Chemical perturbation of the redox gradient perturbed mesoderm involution during early gastrulation. HRMS expands the bioanalytical toolbox of cell and developmental biology, providing previously unavailable information on molecular classes to challenge and refine our classical understanding of the Organizer and its function during early patterning of the embryo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aparna B. Baxi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD20742
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology,School of Medical and Health Sciences,The George Washington University, Washington, DC20037
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD20742
| | - Vi M. Quach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD20742
| | - Leena R. Pade
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD20742
| | - Sally A. Moody
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology,School of Medical and Health Sciences,The George Washington University, Washington, DC20037
| | - Peter Nemes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD20742
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology,School of Medical and Health Sciences,The George Washington University, Washington, DC20037
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abbas G, Saluja TS, Kumar D, Agrawal H, Gupta A, Panday G, Singh SK. Antitumor efficacy of synthesized Ag-Au nanocomposite loaded with PEG and ascorbic acid in human lung cancer stem cells. Exp Cell Res 2024; 435:113904. [PMID: 38163564 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide of which non-small cell lung carcinoma constitutes majority of the cases. High mortality is attributed to early metastasis, late diagnosis, ineffective treatment and tumor relapse. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy form the mainstay of its treatment. However, their associated side effects involving kidneys, nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and liver further adds to dismal outcome. These disadvantages of conventional treatment can be circumvented by use of engineered nanoparticles for improved effectiveness with minimal side effects. In this study we have synthesized silver gold nanocomposite (Ag-Au NC) using polyethylene glycol and l-ascorbic acid as surfactant and reducing agent respectively. Synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption, dynamic light scattering, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Compositional analysis was carried out by energy dispersive X-ray analysis and average pore diameter was estimated using Barrett-Joyner-Halenda method. In-silico molecular docking analysis of the synthesized NC against active regions of epidermal growth factor receptor revealed good binding energy. Subsequently, we investigated the effect of NC on growth and stem cell attributes of A549 lung cancer cells. Results showed that NC was effective in inhibiting A549 cell proliferation, induced DNA damage, G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. Further, tumor cell migration and spheroid formation were also negatively affected. NC also enhanced reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial depolarization. In addition, the effect of NC on putative cancer stem cells in A549 cells was evaluated. We found that Ag-Au NC at IC50 targeted CD44, CD24, CD166, CD133 and CD326 positive cancer stem cells and induced apoptosis. CD166 positive cells were relatively resistance to apoptosis. Together our results demonstrate the anticancer efficacy of Ag-Au NC mediated by a mechanism involving cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial derangement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulam Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tajindra Singh Saluja
- Baba Jaswant Singh Dental College, Hospital and Research Institute, Ludhiana, Punjab, India; Department of Center for Advance Research, Stem Cell/Cell Culture Lab, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Department of Center for Advance Research, Stem Cell/Cell Culture Lab, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hemant Agrawal
- FlowSols Pvt. Ltd. Royal Greens, Sirsi Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Anurag Gupta
- Department of Center for Advance Research, Stem Cell/Cell Culture Lab, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gajanan Panday
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Satyendra Kumar Singh
- Department of Center for Advance Research, Stem Cell/Cell Culture Lab, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alsobaie S, Alsobaie T, Alshammary AF, Abudawood M, Mantalaris A. Alginate Beads as a Promising Tool for Successful Production of Viable and Pluripotent Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in a 3D Culture System. Stem Cells Cloning 2023; 16:61-73. [PMID: 37790697 PMCID: PMC10544263 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s409139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Two-dimensional (2D)-based cell culture systems, limited by their inherent heterogeneity and scalability, are a bottleneck in the production of high-quality cells for downstream biomedical applications. Finding the optimal conditions for large-scale stem cell culture while maintaining good cellular status is challenging. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of three-dimensional (3D) culture on the viability, proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs). Patients and Methods Various culture conditions were evaluated to determine the optimal conditions to maintain the viability and proliferation of human IPSCs in a 3D environment: static versus dynamic culture, type of adhesion protein added to alginate (Matrigel™ versus gelatin), and the addition of Y-27632t on long-term 3D culture. The proliferation ability of the cells was evaluated via the MTS proliferation assay; the expression levels of the pluripotency markers Nanog and Oct3/4, PAX6 as an ectoderm marker, and laminin-5 and fibronectin as markers of extracellular matrix synthesis were assessed; and HIF1α and HIF2α levels were measured using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results Using a high-aspect-ratio vessel bioreactor with a gentle, low-sheer, and low-turbulence environment with sufficient oxygenation and effective mass transfer of nutrients and waste, we verified its ability to promote cell proliferation and self-renewal. The findings showed that human IPSCs have the ability to maintain pluripotency in a feeder-free system and by inhibiting ROCK signaling and using hypoxia to improve single-cell viability in 3D culture. Furthermore, these cells demonstrated increased self-renewal and proliferation when inoculated as single cells in 3D alginate beads by adding RI during the culture period. Conclusion Dynamic 3D culture is desirable for the large-scale expansion of undifferentiated human IPSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alsobaie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tamador Alsobaie
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Amal F Alshammary
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Abudawood
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Athanasios Mantalaris
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Darwish T, Swaidan NT, Emara MM. Stress Factors as Possible Regulators of Pluripotent Stem Cell Survival and Differentiation. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1119. [PMID: 37627003 PMCID: PMC10452095 DOI: 10.3390/biology12081119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, extensive research efforts have been directed toward pluripotent stem cells, primarily due to their remarkable capacity for pluripotency. This unique attribute empowers these cells to undergo self-renewal and differentiate into various cell types originating from the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm germ layers. The delicate balance and precise regulation of self-renewal and differentiation are essential for the survival and functionality of these cells. Notably, exposure to specific environmental stressors can activate numerous transcription factors, initiating a diverse array of stress response pathways. These pathways play pivotal roles in regulating gene expression and protein synthesis, ultimately aiming to preserve cell survival and maintain cellular functions. Reactive oxygen species, heat shock, hypoxia, osmotic stress, DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mechanical stress are among the examples of such stressors. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the impact of environmental stressors on the growth of embryonic cells. Furthermore, we provide a summary of the distinct stress response pathways triggered when pluripotent stem cells are exposed to different environmental stressors. Additionally, we highlight recent discoveries regarding the role of such stressors in the generation, differentiation, and self-renewal of induced pluripotent stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohamed M. Emara
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Baxi AB, Li J, Quach VM, Nemes P. Cell Lineage-Guided Microanalytical Mass Spectrometry Reveals Increased Energy Metabolism and Reactive Oxygen Species in the Vertebrate Organizer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.07.548174. [PMID: 37461553 PMCID: PMC10350060 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.07.548174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
Molecular understanding of the vertebrate Organizer, a tissue center critical for inductive signaling during gastrulation, has so far been limited to transcripts and some proteins due to limitations in detection and sensitivity. The Spemann-Mangold Organizer (SMO) in the South African Clawed Frog ( X. laevis ), a popular model of development, has long been discovered to induce the patterning of the central nervous system. Molecular screens on the tissue have identified several genes, such as goosecoid, chordin, and noggin, with independent ability to establish a body axis. A comprehensive study of proteins and metabolites produced in the SMO and their functional roles has been lacking. Here, we pioneer a deep discovery proteomic and targeted metabolomic screen of the SMO in comparison to the rest of the embryo using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Quantification of ∼4,600 proteins and a panel of metabolites documented differential expression for ∼450 proteins and multiple intermediates of energy metabolism in the SMO. Upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and redox regulatory proteins gave rise to elevated oxidative stress and an accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the Organizer. Imaging experiments corroborated these findings, discovering enrichment of hydrogen peroxide in the SMO tissue. Chemical perturbation of the redox gradient affected mesoderm involution during early tissue movements of gastrulation. HRMS expands the bioanalytical toolbox of cell and developmental biology, providing previously unavailable information on molecular classes to challenge and refine our classical understanding of the Organizer and its function during early patterning of the embryo.
Collapse
|
9
|
Das U, Kundu J, Shaw P, Bose C, Ghosh A, Gupta S, Sarkar S, Bhadra J, Sinha S. Self-transfecting GMO-PMO chimera targeting Nanog enable gene silencing in vitro and suppresses tumor growth in 4T1 allografts in mouse. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 32:203-228. [PMID: 37078062 PMCID: PMC10106836 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotide (PMO)-based antisense reagents cannot enter cells without the help of a delivery technique, which limits their clinical applications. To overcome this problem, self-transfecting guanidinium-linked morpholino (GMO)-PMO or PMO-GMO chimeras have been explored as antisense agents. GMO facilitates cellular internalization and participates in Watson-Crick base pairing. Targeting NANOG in MCF7 cells resulted in decline of the whole epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness pathway, evident through its phenotypic manifestations, all of which were promulgated in combination with Taxol due to downregulation of MDR1 and ABCG2. GMO-PMO-mediated knockdown of no tail gene resulted in desired phenotypes in zebrafish even upon delivery after 16-cell stages. In BALB/c mice, 4T1 allografts were found to regress via intra-tumoral administration of NANOG GMO-PMO antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), which was associated with occurrence of necrotic regions. GMO-PMO-mediated tumor regression restored histopathological damage in liver, kidney, and spleen caused by 4T1 mammary carcinoma. Serum parameters of systemic toxicity indicated that GMO-PMO chimeras are safe. To the best of our knowledge, self-transfecting antisense reagent is the first report since the discovery of guanidinium-linked DNA (DNG), which could be useful as a combination cancer therapy and, in principle, can render inhibition of any target gene without using any delivery vehicle.
Collapse
|
10
|
Simchi L, Gupta PK, Feuermann Y, Kaphzan H. Elevated ROS levels during the early development of Angelman syndrome alter the apoptotic capacity of the developing neural precursor cells. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2382-2397. [PMID: 36991133 PMCID: PMC10611580 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02038-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorder caused by the maternally inherited loss of function of the UBE3A gene. AS is characterized by a developmental delay, lack of speech, motor dysfunction, epilepsy, autistic features, happy demeanor, and intellectual disability. While the cellular roles of UBE3A are not fully understood, studies suggest that the lack of UBE3A function is associated with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Despite the accumulating evidence emphasizing the importance of ROS during early brain development and its involvement in different neurodevelopmental disorders, up to date, the levels of ROS in AS neural precursor cells (NPCs) and the consequences on AS embryonic neural development have not been elucidated. In this study we show multifaceted mitochondrial aberration in AS brain-derived embryonic NPCs, which exhibit elevated mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), lower levels of endogenous reduced glutathione, excessive mitochondrial ROS (mROS) levels, and increased apoptosis compared to wild-type (WT) littermates. In addition, we report that glutathione replenishment by glutathione-reduced ethyl ester (GSH-EE) corrects the excessive mROS levels and attenuates the enhanced apoptosis in AS NPCs. Studying the glutathione redox imbalance and mitochondrial abnormalities in embryonic AS NPCs provides an essential insight into the involvement of UBE3A in early neural development, information that can serve as a powerful avenue towards a broader view of AS pathogenesis. Moreover, since mitochondrial dysfunction and elevated ROS levels were associated with other neurodevelopmental disorders, the findings herein suggest some potential shared underlying mechanisms for these disorders as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilach Simchi
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Pooja Kri Gupta
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yonatan Feuermann
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hanoch Kaphzan
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mohamad-Fauzi N, Shaw C, Foutouhi SH, Hess M, Kong N, Kol A, Storey DB, Desai PT, Shah J, Borjesson D, Murray JD, Weimer BC. Salmonella enhances osteogenic differentiation in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1077350. [PMID: 37009487 PMCID: PMC10055666 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1077350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for tissue repair and regeneration has garnered great attention. While MSCs are likely to interact with microbes at sites of tissue damage and inflammation, like in the gastrointestinal system, the consequences of pathogenic association on MSC activities have yet to be elucidated. This study investigated the effects of pathogenic interaction on MSC trilineage differentiation paths and mechanisms using model intracellular pathogen Salmonella enterica ssp enterica serotype Typhimurium. The examination of key markers of differentiation, apoptosis, and immunomodulation demonstrated that Salmonella altered osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation pathways in human and goat adipose-derived MSCs. Anti-apoptotic and pro-proliferative responses were also significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) in MSCs during Salmonella challenge. These results together indicate that Salmonella, and potentially other pathogenic bacteria, can induce pathways that influence both apoptotic response and functional differentiation trajectories in MSCs, highlighting that microbes have a potentially significant role as influencers of MSC physiology and immune activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuradilla Mohamad-Fauzi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Claire Shaw
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Soraya H. Foutouhi
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Matthias Hess
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Nguyet Kong
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Amir Kol
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Dylan Bobby Storey
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Prerak T. Desai
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Jigna Shah
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Dori Borjesson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - James D. Murray
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: James D. Murray, ; Bart C. Weimer,
| | - Bart C. Weimer
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: James D. Murray, ; Bart C. Weimer,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Babaei-Abraki S, Karamali F, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Ferroptosis: The functions of Nrf2 in human embryonic stem cells. Cell Signal 2023; 106:110654. [PMID: 36906163 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have the capacity of self-renewal as well as differentiation towards three germ layer derivatives which makes them as a source of therapeutic application. hESCs are tremendously prone to cell death after dissociation into single cells. Therefore, it technically hinders their applications. Our recent study has revealed that hESCs can be prone to ferroptosis which differs from those in earlier explorations reporting that cellular detachment results in a process cited as anoikis. Ferroptosis occurs via increasing intracellular iron. Therefore, this form of programmed cell death is distinct from other cell deaths in terms of biochemistry, morphology, and genetics. Ferroptosis is found by excessive iron which plays an important part role in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through the Fenton reaction as a cofactor. Many genes are related to ferroptosis under the control of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) which is a transcription factor regulating the expression of genes to protect cells from oxidative stress. Nrf2 was demonstrated to take a perilous role in the suppression of ferroptosis by regulating the iron, antioxidant defense enzymes, usage, and restoration of glutathione, thioredoxin, and NADPH. Mitochondrial function is another target of Nrf2 to control cell homeostasis through the modulation of ROS production. In this review, we will give a succinct overview of lipid peroxidation and discuss the major players in the ferroptotic cascade. Additionally, we discussed the important role of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in mediating lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis, with a focus on known Nrf2 target genes that inhibit these processes and their possible role in hESCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Babaei-Abraki
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Fereshteh Karamali
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yagishita Y, Chartoumpekis DV, Kensler TW, Wakabayashi N. NRF2 and the Moirai: Life and Death Decisions on Cell Fates. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:684-708. [PMID: 36509429 PMCID: PMC10025849 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The transcription factor NRF2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) plays an important role as a master regulator of the cellular defense system by activating transcriptional programs of NRF2 target genes encoding multiple enzymes related to cellular redox balance and xenobiotic detoxication. Comprehensive transcriptional analyses continue to reveal an ever-broadening range of NRF2 target genes, demonstrating the sophistication and diversification of NRF2 biological signatures beyond its canonical cytoprotective roles. Recent Advances: Accumulating evidence indicates that NRF2 has a strong association with the regulation of cell fates by influencing key processes of cellular transitions in the three major phases of the life cycle of the cell (i.e., cell birth, cell differentiation, and cell death). The molecular integration of NRF2 signaling into this regulatory program occurs through a wide range of NRF2 target genes encompassing canonical functions and those manipulating cell fate pathways. Critical Issues: A singular focus on NRF2 signaling for dissecting its actions limits in-depth understanding of its intersection with the molecular machinery of cell fate determinations. Compensatory responses of downstream pathways governed by NRF2 executed by a variety of transcription factors and multifactorial signaling crosstalk require further exploration. Future Directions: Further investigations using optimized in vivo models and active engagement of overarching approaches to probe the interplay of widespread pathways are needed to study the properties and capabilities of NRF2 signaling as a part of a large network within the cell fate regulatory domain. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 684-708.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Yagishita
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dionysios V Chartoumpekis
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas W Kensler
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nobunao Wakabayashi
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gupta S, Polit LD, Fitzgerald M, Rowland HA, Murali D, Buckley NJ, Subramaniam S. Temporal transcriptional control of neural induction in human induced pluripotent stem cells. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1139287. [PMID: 37213689 PMCID: PMC10195998 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1139287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neural induction of human induced pluripotent stem cells represents a critical switch in cell state during which pluripotency is lost and commitment to a neural lineage is initiated. Although many of the key transcription factors involved in neural induction are known, we know little of the temporal and causal relationships that are required for this state transition. Methods Here, we have carried out a longitudinal analysis of the transcriptome of human iPSCs undergoing neural induction. Using the temporal relationships between the changing profile of key transcription factors and subsequent changes in their target gene expression profiles, we have identified distinct functional modules operative throughout neural induction. Results In addition to modules that govern loss of pluripotency and gain of neural ectoderm identity, we discover other modules governing cell cycle and metabolism. Strikingly, some of these functional modules are retained throughout neural induction, even though the gene membership of the module changes. Systems analysis identifies other modules associated with cell fate commitment, genome integrity, stress response and lineage specification. We then focussed on OTX2, one of the most precociously activated transcription factors during neural induction. Our temporal analysis of OTX2 target gene expression identified several OTX2 regulated gene modules representing protein remodelling, RNA splicing and RNA processing. Further CRISPRi inhibition of OTX2 prior to neural induction promotes an accelerated loss of pluripotency and a precocious and aberrant neural induction disrupting some of the previously identified modules. Discussion We infer that OTX2 has a diverse role during neural induction and regulates many of the biological processes that are required for loss of pluripotency and gain of neural identity. This dynamical analysis of transcriptional changes provides a unique perspective of the widespread remodelling of the cell machinery that occurs during neural induction of human iPSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shakti Gupta
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Lucia Dutan Polit
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Fitzgerald
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Helen A. Rowland
- Department of Psychiatry and Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Divya Murali
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Noel J. Buckley
- Department of Psychiatry and Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Noel J. Buckley, ; Shankar Subramaniam,
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Departments of Computer Science and Engineering, and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Noel J. Buckley, ; Shankar Subramaniam,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Park JH, Koh EB, Seo YJ, Oh HS, Won JY, Hwang SC, Byun JH. Tiron Has Negative Effects on Osteogenic Differentiation via Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Periosteum-Derived Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214040. [PMID: 36430519 PMCID: PMC9693013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tiron is a potent antioxidant that counters the pathological effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production due to oxidative stress in various cell types. We examined the effects of tiron on mitochondrial function and osteoblastic differentiation in human periosteum-derived cells (hPDCs). Tiron increased mitochondrial activity and decreased senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity in hPDCs; however, it had a detrimental effect on osteoblastic differentiation by reducing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red-positive mineralization, regardless of H2O2 treatment. Osteoblast-differentiating hPDCs displayed increased ROS production compared with non-differentiating hPDCs, and treatment with tiron reduced ROS production in the differentiating cells. Antioxidants decreased the rates of oxygen consumption and ATP production, which are increased in hPDCs during osteoblastic differentiation. In addition, treatment with tiron reduced the levels of most mitochondrial proteins, which are increased in hPDCs during culture in osteogenic induction medium. These results suggest that tiron exerts negative effects on the osteoblastic differentiation of hPDCs by causing mitochondrial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ho Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Eun-Byeol Koh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Young-Jin Seo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Hye-Seong Oh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Ju-Yeong Won
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Sun-Chul Hwang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - June-Ho Byun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zheng Y, Yang X, Wu S, Yi G, Huang X, Feng Z, Qu L, Liu L, Li Q, Xia Z. Paired Box Gene 6 Regulates Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression and Mitigates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in Lens Epithelial Cells. Curr Eye Res 2022; 47:1516-1524. [PMID: 36149046 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2022.2110266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the regulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) by paired box gene 6 (Pax6) and their roles in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in lens epithelial cells (LECs) (SRA01/04, HLE-B3). METHODS Lens anterior capsule membranes of mice of different ages were obtained to compare differences in the expression of Pax6 and HO-1 using Western blotting. Pax6-overexpressing plasmid and small interfering RNA were designed to overexpress and silence Pax6, respectively. Cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP) was used to promote the expression of HO-1. Oxidative damage in LECs was induced by treatment with H2O2 (400 µM) for 24 h. Cell viability was measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) level was measured using SOD Assay Kit and apoptotic cells were quantified using annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining. RESULTS Pax6 and HO-1 expression levels showed an age-dependent decrease in LECs of mouse. Overexpressing Pax6 upregulated HO-1 expression level. Silencing Pax6 downregulated the HO-1 expression level, resulting in increased generation of ROS, reduced SOD activity, decreased cell viability, and increased apoptotic cells of LECs under H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Overexpressing Pax6 and CoPP both mitigates H2O2-induced oxidative stress by increasing the expression of HO-1 of LECs. CONCLUSION Pax6 and HO-1 expression levels showed an age-dependent decrease in LECs in mouse anterior capsules. Pax6 could regulate the expression of HO-1 in LECs. The decrease of Pax6 weakened the antioxidant ability of LECs under H2O2-induced oxidative stress by downregulating HO-1, which may be a potential mechanism for the formation of age-related cataract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxi Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuduan Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoguo Yi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhizhen Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Qu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linyu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoxia Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Puscheck EE, Ruden X, Singh A, Abdulhasan M, Ruden DM, Awonuga AO, Rappolee DA. Using high throughput screens to predict miscarriages with placental stem cells and long-term stress effects with embryonic stem cells. Birth Defects Res 2022; 114:1014-1036. [PMID: 35979652 PMCID: PMC10108263 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A problem in developmental toxicology is the massive loss of life from fertilization through gastrulation, and the surprising lack of knowledge of causes of miscarriage. Half to two-thirds of embryos are lost, and environmental and genetic causes are nearly equal. Simply put, it can be inferred that this is a difficult period for normal embryos, but that environmental stresses may cause homeostatic responses that move from adaptive to maladaptive with increasing exposures. At the lower 50% estimate, miscarriage causes greater loss-of-life than all cancers combined or of all cardio- and cerebral-vascular accidents combined. Surprisingly, we do not know if miscarriage rates are increasing or decreasing. Overshadowed by the magnitude of miscarriages, are insufficient data on teratogenic or epigenetic imbalances in surviving embryos and their stem cells. Superimposed on the difficult normal trajectory for peri-gastrulation embryos are added malnutrition, hormonal, and environmental stresses. An overarching hypothesis is that high throughput screens (HTS) using cultured viable reporter embryonic and placental stem cells (e.g., embryonic stem cells [ESC] and trophoblast stem cells [TSC] that report status using fluorescent reporters in living cells) from the pre-gastrulation embryo will most rapidly test a range of hormonal, environmental, nutritional, drug, and diet supplement stresses that decrease stem cell proliferation and imbalance stemness/differentiation. A second hypothesis is that TSC respond with greater sensitivity in magnitude to stress that would cause miscarriage, but ESC are stress-resistant to irreversible stemness loss and are best used to predict long-term health defects. DevTox testing needs more ESC and TSC HTS to model environmental stresses leading to miscarriage or teratogenesis and more research on epidemiology of stress and miscarriage. This endeavor also requires a shift in emphasis on pre- and early gastrulation events during the difficult period of maximum loss by miscarriage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E Puscheck
- CS Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Ob/Gyn, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Reproductive Stress 3M Inc, Grosse Pointe Farms, Michigan, USA
- Invia Fertility Clinics, Hoffman Estates, Illinois, USA
| | - Ximena Ruden
- CS Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Ob/Gyn, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Aditi Singh
- CS Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Ob/Gyn, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Mohammed Abdulhasan
- CS Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Ob/Gyn, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Reproductive Stress 3M Inc, Grosse Pointe Farms, Michigan, USA
| | - Douglas M Ruden
- CS Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Ob/Gyn, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Invia Fertility Clinics, Hoffman Estates, Illinois, USA
- Institute for Environmental Health Science, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Awoniyi O Awonuga
- CS Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Ob/Gyn, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniel A Rappolee
- CS Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Ob/Gyn, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Reproductive Stress 3M Inc, Grosse Pointe Farms, Michigan, USA
- Invia Fertility Clinics, Hoffman Estates, Illinois, USA
- Institute for Environmental Health Science, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Program for Reproductive Sciences and Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gao L, Jin N, Ye Z, Ma T, Huang Y, Li H, Du J, Li Z. A possible connection between reactive oxygen species and the unfolded protein response in lens development: From insight to foresight. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:820949. [PMID: 36211466 PMCID: PMC9535091 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.820949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The lens is a relatively special and simple organ. It has become an ideal model to study the common developmental characteristics among different organic systems. Lens development is a complex process influenced by numerous factors, including signals from the intracellular and extracellular environment. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a group of highly reactive and oxygen-containing molecules that can cause endoplasmic reticulum stress in lens cells. As an adaptive response to ER stress, lens cells initiate the unfolded protein response (UPR) to maintain normal protein synthesis by selectively increasing/decreasing protein synthesis and increasing the degradation of misfolded proteins. Generally, the UPR signaling pathways have been well characterized in the context of many pathological conditions. However, recent studies have also confirmed that all three UPR signaling pathways participate in a variety of developmental processes, including those of the lens. In this review, we first briefly summarize the three stages of lens development and present the basic profiles of ROS and the UPR. We then discuss the interconnections between lens development and these two mechanisms. Additionally, the potential adoption of human pluripotent stem-cell-based lentoids in lens development research is proposed to provide a novel perspective on future developmental studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixiong Gao
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ni Jin
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zi Ye
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianju Ma
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Huang
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlin Du
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaohui Li,
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zoungrana LI, Krause-Hauch M, Wang H, Fatmi MK, Bates L, Li Z, Kulkarni P, Ren D, Li J. The Interaction of mTOR and Nrf2 in Neurogenesis and Its Implication in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132048. [PMID: 35805130 PMCID: PMC9265429 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogenesis occurs in the brain during embryonic development and throughout adulthood. Neurogenesis occurs in the hippocampus and under normal conditions and persists in two regions of the brain—the subgranular zone (SGZ) in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles. As the critical role in neurogenesis, the neural stem cells have the capacity to differentiate into various cells and to self-renew. This process is controlled through different methods. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) controls cellular growth, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. The transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a major regulator of metabolism, protein quality control, and antioxidative defense, and is linked to neurogenesis. However, dysregulation in neurogenesis, mTOR, and Nrf2 activity have all been associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and Parkinson’s. Understanding the role of these complexes in both neurogenesis and neurodegenerative disease could be necessary to develop future therapies. Here, we review both mTOR and Nrf2 complexes, their crosstalk and role in neurogenesis, and their implication in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Ines Zoungrana
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Meredith Krause-Hauch
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Mohammad Kasim Fatmi
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Lauryn Bates
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Zehui Li
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering and Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (Z.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Parth Kulkarni
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering and Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (Z.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Di Ren
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-974-4917
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Labba NA, Wæhler HA, Houdaifi N, Zosen D, Haugen F, Paulsen RE, Hadera MG, Eskeland R. Paracetamol perturbs neuronal arborization and disrupts the cytoskeletal proteins SPTBN1 and TUBB3 in both human and chicken in vitro models. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 449:116130. [PMID: 35714712 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have linked long-term/high-dose usage of paracetamol (N-acetyl-para-aminophenol, APAP) during pregnancy to adverse neuropsychiatric outcomes, primarily attention-deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), in the offspring. Though variable, ADHD has been associated with phenotypic alterations characterized by reductions in grey matter densities and aberrations in structural connectivity, effects which are thought to originate in neurodevelopment. We used embryonic chicken cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) and neuronally differentiating human NTERA2 cells (NT2Ns) to investigate the in vitro effects of APAP on cell viability, migration, neuritogenesis, and the intracellular levels of various proteins involved in neurodevelopment as well as in the maintenance of the structure and function of neurites. Exposure to APAP ranging from 100 to 1600 μM yielded concentration- and time-dependent reductions in cell viability and levels of neurite arborization, as well as reductions in the levels of the cytoskeletal protein β2-spectrin, with the highest APAP concentration resulting in between 50 and 75% reductions in the aforementioned metrics over the course of 72 h. Exposure to APAP also reduced migration in the NT2Ns but not CGNs. Moreover, we found concentration- and time-dependent increases in punctate aggregation of the cytoskeletal protein β3-tubulin following exposure to APAP in both cell model systems, with the highest APAP concentration approximately doubling the number of aggregates over 72-120 h. Our findings demonstrate that APAP negatively perturbs neurite arborization degree, with concurrent reductions in the protein levels of β2-spectrin and disruption of the integrity of β3-tubulin, both proteins of which play important roles in neuronal structure and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nils-Anders Labba
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Hallvard Austin Wæhler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Nora Houdaifi
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Denis Zosen
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Fred Haugen
- Department of Work Psychology and Physiology, National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Elisabeth Paulsen
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway; PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Mussie Ghezu Hadera
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway; PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Eskeland
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Prutton KM, Marentette JO, Leifheit BA, Esquer H, LaBarbera DV, Anderson CC, Maclean KN, Roede JR. Oxidative stress as a candidate mechanism for accelerated neuroectodermal differentiation due to trisomy 21. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 186:32-42. [PMID: 35537597 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquity of cognitive deficits and early onset Alzheimer's disease in Down syndrome (DS) has focused much DS iPSC-based research on neuron degeneration and regeneration. Despite reports of elevated oxidative stress in DS brains, few studies assess the impact of this oxidative burden on iPSC differentiation. Here, we evaluate cellular specific redox differences in DS and euploid iPSCs and neural progenitor cells (NPCs) during critical intermediate stages of differentiation. Despite successful generation of NPCs, our results indicate accelerated neuroectodermal differentiation of DS iPSCs compared to isogenic, euploid controls. Specifically, DS embryoid bodies (EBs) and neural rosettes prematurely develop with distinct morphological differences from controls. Additionally, we observed developmental stage-specific alterations in mitochondrial superoxide production and SOD1/2 abundance, coupled with modulations in thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, and peroxiredoxin isoforms. Disruption of intracellular redox state and its associated signaling has the potential to disrupt cellular differentiation and development in DS lending to DS-specific phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kendra M Prutton
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - John O Marentette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Brice A Leifheit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Hector Esquer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Center for Drug Discovery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Daniel V LaBarbera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Center for Drug Discovery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Colin C Anderson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kenneth N Maclean
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - James R Roede
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhao F, Tian H, Liu X, Guan Y, Zhu Y, Ren P, Zhang J, Dong Y, Fu L. Homeobox A1 Facilitates Immune Escape and Alleviates Oxidative Stress in Lung Adenocarcinoma. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4102666. [PMID: 35633885 PMCID: PMC9136634 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4102666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective Recent studies have demonstrated that homeobox A1 (HOXA1) is upregulated in lung cancer due to RNA modifications (N6-methyladenosine), but the specific function of HOXA1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains indistinct. Herein, we investigated the role of HOXA1 in LUAD biology. Methods This study presented pancancer analysis of associations of HOXA1 with prognosis, TMB, and immune checkpoints. The expression of HOXA1 was detected in LUAD and normal tissues with immunohistochemistry and western blot. Through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis, HOXA1-derived gene model was conducted in LUAD. Correlations of HOXA1 with immune cell infiltrations, immune checkpoints, HLAs, and chemotherapeutic sensitivity were evaluated. Colony formation, proliferation, and migration of LUAD cells with si-HOXA1 transfection were investigated, and the effects of HOXA1 on T cell exhaustion were assessed in vitro. Results HOXA1 expression was a risk factor of overall survival, disease-specific survival, and progression-free interval of LUAD. HOXA1 exhibited prominent associations with immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, and HLAs. HOXA1-derived gene signature reliably and independently predicted LUAD outcomes. Also, high-risk cases presented increased sensitivity to cisplatin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, vinorelbine, and etoposide. HOXA1 knockdown exhibited an inhibitory effect on proliferation and migration abilities of LUAD cells. Silencing HOXA1 weakened the expression of antioxidative stress markers Nrf2/HO-1 and T cell exhaustion marker CD155 in LUAD cells. Moreover, LUAD cells with HOXA1 knockdown enhanced the CD8+ T cell response. Conclusion Our data support the oncogenic function and prognostic significance of HOXA1 that facilitates immune escape and alleviates oxidative stress of LUAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250117 Shandong, China
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, China
| | - Xinchao Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong, China
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, China
| | - Yuanxiazi Guan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Affiliated Hospital of Heze Medical College, Heze, 274008 Shandong, China
| | - Peng Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, China
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- Departments of Pathology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong, China
| | - Yinjun Dong
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong, China
| | - Lei Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Babaei-Abraki S, Karamali F, Nasr-Esfahani MH. The Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondria in Maintaining Redox Status and Glycolytic Metabolism in Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1789-1808. [PMID: 35141862 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10338-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), can be applicable for regenerative medicine. They strangely rely on glycolysis metabolism akin to aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. Upon differentiation, PSCs undergo a metabolic shift from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The metabolic shift depends on organelles maturation, transcriptome modification, and metabolic switching. Besides, metabolism-driven chromatin regulation is necessary for cell survival, self-renewal, proliferation, senescence, and differentiation. In this respect, mitochondria may serve as key organelle to adapt environmental changes with metabolic intermediates which are necessary for maintaining PSCs identity. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is another organelle whose role in cellular identity remains under-explored. The purpose of our article is to highlight the recent progress on these two organelles' role in maintaining PSCs redox status focusing on metabolism. Topics include redox status, metabolism regulation, mitochondrial dynamics, and ER stress in PSCs. They relate to the maintenance of stem cell properties and subsequent differentiation of stem cells into specific cell types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Babaei-Abraki
- Department of Plant and Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Karamali
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Soh R, Hardy A, Zur Nieden NI. The FOXO signaling axis displays conjoined functions in redox homeostasis and stemness. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:224-237. [PMID: 33878426 PMCID: PMC9910585 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous views of reactive oxygen species (ROS) depicted them as harmful byproducts of metabolism as uncontrolled levels of ROS can lead to DNA damage and cell death. However, recent studies have shed light into the key role of ROS in the self-renewal or differentiation of the stem cell. The interplay between ROS levels, metabolism, and the downstream redox signaling pathways influence stem cell fate. In this review we will define ROS, explain how they are generated, and how ROS signaling can influence transcription factors, first and foremost forkhead box-O transcription factors, that shape not only the cellular redox state, but also stem cell fate. Now that studies have illustrated the importance of redox homeostasis and the role of redox signaling, understanding the mechanisms behind this interplay will further shed light into stem cell biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruthia Soh
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, 92521, CA, USA
| | - Ariana Hardy
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, 92521, CA, USA
| | - Nicole I Zur Nieden
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, 92521, CA, USA; Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, 92521, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zheng Y, Liu T, Li Q, Li J. Integrated analysis of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNA expression profiles identifies lncRNA PRKG1-AS1 playing important roles in skeletal muscle aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:15044-15060. [PMID: 34051073 PMCID: PMC8221296 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involving in the skeletal muscle aging process. Skeletal muscle samples from old and young subjects were collected for lncRNA-sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and DElncRNAs between young and old groups were identified and a co-expression network was built. Further, a dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy cell model was established to characterize the function of a critical lncRNA. A total of 424 DEGs, including 271 upregulated genes and 153 downregulated genes as well as 152 DElncRNAs including 76 up-regulated and 76 down-regulated lncRNAs were obtained. Functional analysis demonstrated that the DEGs were significantly related to immune response. Coexpression network demonstrated lncRNA AC004797.1, PRKG1-AS1 and GRPC5D-AS1 were crucial lncRNAs. Their expressions were further validated by qRT-PCR in human skeletal muscle and the muscle atrophy cell model. Further in vitro analysis suggested that knock-down of PRKG1-AS1 could significantly increase cell viability and decrease cell apoptosis. qRT-PCR and western blot analyses demonstrated that knock-down of PRKG1-AS1 could increase the expression of MyoD, MyoG and Mef2c. This study demonstrated that lncRNAs of GPRC5D-AS1, AC004797.1 and PRKG1-AS1 might involve the aging-associated disease processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li Z, Liu J, Man Y, Liu F, Gao L, Hu P, Zhao R, Wang Y, Yang T. Analysis of cytokine risk factors in the early death of patients with secondary phagocytic lymphocytic histiocytosis. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:2388-2398. [PMID: 34017397 PMCID: PMC8129357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) is an excessive inflammatory response syndrome caused by immune abnormalities. Up to date, the risk factors for cytokines causing early death in sHLH patients have not been elucidated. Our study reviewed the cytokine expression levels in peripheral blood of 50 sHLH patients. Through Cox proportional hazard model analysis, we found that IL-17F ≥2.835 pg/mL (HR = 5.922, 95% CI = 1.793-19.558, P = 0.004) was an independent death risk factor in sHLH patients, and it was also 30 days (Cutoff-value = 2.890 pg/mL, HR = 16.568, 95% CI = 1.917-143.195, P = 0.011), 60 days (Cutoff-value = 2.890 pg/mL, HR = 7.559, 95% CI = 1.449-39.423, P = 0.016), 90 day death risk factor (Cutoff-value = 2.835 pg/mL, HR = 7.649, 95% CI = 1.965-29.778, P = 0.003); IL-10 ≥16.730 pg/mL (HR = 4.821, 95% CI = 1.151-20.116, P = 0.031) is not only a death risk factor within 90 days, but also within 10 days (Cutoff-value = 944.350 pg/mL, HR = 13.321, 95% CI = 1.123-158.03, P = 0.027); and IL-5 ≥2.495 pg/mL (HR = 15.687, 95% CI = 1.377-178.645, P = 0.04) was also a death risk factor within 10 days. Besides, IL-17F, IL-10, IL-5, and the previously reported common risk factors Age, platelets, activated partial thromboplastin time, triglyceride, and lactate dehydrogenase were analyzed together. It was found that the patient age ≥56 years-old is was an important risk factor for death within 30 days, IL-17 ≥2.89 pg/mL and IL-10 ≥16.73 pg/mL are important risk factors for patient death. In summary, our data indicate that age, IL-10 and IL-17F are important risk factors for early death in sHLH patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zengzheng Li
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical CenterKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease HospitalKunming, China
| | - Jianqiong Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical CenterKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease HospitalKunming, China
| | - Yan Man
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical CenterKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease HospitalKunming, China
- Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming, China
| | - Fusheng Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical CenterKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease HospitalKunming, China
- Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming, China
| | - Lili Gao
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical CenterKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease HospitalKunming, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical CenterKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease HospitalKunming, China
| | - Renbin Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical CenterKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease HospitalKunming, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical CenterKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease HospitalKunming, China
- Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming, China
| | - Tonghua Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical CenterKunming, China
- Yunnan Blood Disease HospitalKunming, China
- Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pourbagher R, Ghorbani H, Akhavan-Niaki H, Jorsaraei SGA, Fattahi S, Ghooran S, Abedian Z, Ghasemi M, Saeedi F, Jafari N, Kalali B, Mostafazadeh A. Downregulation of Stemness Genes and Induction of Necrosis in Rat LA7 Cancer Stem Cells Induced Tumors Treated with Starved Fibroblasts Culture Supernatant. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 10:105-118. [PMID: 34277874 PMCID: PMC8279721 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.10.1.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell differentiation therapy is a promising strategy in cancer treatment. we show that protein cocktail prepared from serum starved fibroblasts has therapeutic potential based on this strategy. METHODS The condition medium was prepared from foreskin isolated fibroblasts and analyzed by Liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). LA7 mammary gland cancer stem cells originated tumors were induced in Sprague Dawley rats. The rats treated subcutaneously with DMEM (group A), condition medium (group B), or normal saline (group C) once daily for 7 days. Then the tumors were removed and divided into the two parts, one part was used to quantify gene expression by stem-loop RT-qPCR assay and the other part was used for Hematoxylin & Eosin (H & E), Giemsa, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. RESULTS All induced tumors appeared as sarcomatoid carcinoma (SC). Immunohistochemistry staining confirmed this conclusion by recognizing the tumor as Ki67+, cytokeratin+, vimentine+, and estrogen receptor negative SC. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that Oct4-, Sox-2, Nanog- gene expression was much reduced in the condition medium treated tumors versus proper controls (p< 0.05). Tissue necrosis was more prevalent in this group while tumors volume was diminished almost by 40%. The LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis unrevealed the stemness reducing and the cell death inducing proteins such as, pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), insulin like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) and -7 (IGFBP-7) in the condition medium. CONCLUSION This study showed that the substances released from starved human fibroblasts were able to down-regulate the stemness-related genes and induce necrosis in LA7 derived tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Pourbagher
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Hossein Ghorbani
- Department of Pathology, Rohani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Haleh Akhavan-Niaki
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Seyed Gholam Ali Jorsaraei
- Fatemeh Zahra Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Sadegh Fattahi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Sahar Ghooran
- Department of Pathology, Rohani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Abedian
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
- Dental Materials Research Center, Dental Faculty, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Ghasemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Saeedi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Negar Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Behnam Kalali
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Amrollah Mostafazadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Response of Pluripotent Stem Cells to Environmental Stress and Its Application for Directed Differentiation. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10020084. [PMID: 33498611 PMCID: PMC7912122 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Environmental changes in oxygen concentration, temperature, and mechanical stimulation lead to the activation of specific transcriptional factors and induce the expression of each downstream gene. In general, these responses are protective machinery against such environmental stresses, while these transcriptional factors also regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and organ development in mammals. In the case of pluripotent stem cells, similar response mechanisms normally work and sometimes stimulate the differentiation cues. Up to now, differentiation protocols utilizing such environmental stresses have been reported to obtain various types of somatic cells from pluripotent stem cells. Basically, environmental stresses as hypoxia (low oxygen), hyperoxia, (high oxygen) and mechanical stress from cell culture plates are relatively safer than chemicals and gene transfers, which affect the genome irreversibly. Therefore, protocols designed with such environments in mind could be useful for the technology development of cell therapy and regenerative medicine. In this manuscript, we summarize recent findings of environmental stress-induced differentiation protocols and discuss their mechanisms. Abstract Pluripotent stem cells have unique characteristics compared to somatic cells. In this review, we summarize the response to environmental stresses (hypoxic, oxidative, thermal, and mechanical stresses) in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and their applications in the differentiation methods directed to specific lineages. Those stresses lead to activation of each specific transcription factor followed by the induction of downstream genes, and one of them regulates lineage specification. In short, hypoxic stress promotes the differentiation of ESCs to mesodermal lineages via HIF-1α activation. Concerning mechanical stress, high stiffness tends to promote mesodermal differentiation, while low stiffness promotes ectodermal differentiation via the modulation of YAP1. Furthermore, each step in the same lineage differentiation favors each appropriate stiffness of culture plate; for example, definitive endoderm favors high stiffness, while pancreatic progenitor favors low stiffness during pancreatic differentiation of human ESCs. Overall, treatments utilizing those stresses have no genotoxic or carcinogenic effects except oxidative stress; therefore, the differentiated cells are safe and could be useful for cell replacement therapy. In particular, the effect of mechanical stress on differentiation is becoming attractive for the field of regenerative medicine. Therefore, the development of a stress-mediated differentiation protocol is an important matter for the future.
Collapse
|
29
|
Nandi A, Chowdhuri DK. Cadmium mediated redox modulation in germline stem cells homeostasis affects reproductive health of Drosophila males. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 402:123737. [PMID: 33254766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of male germline stem cells (GSCs) homeostasis is crucial for successful reproductive life of adults. New insights gained on dysfunction in stem cell maintenance could be the basis of stem cell dependent ailment during adulthood. Cadmium (Cd), a reported male reproductive toxicant, has been explored inadequately for its impact on male GSCs maintenance. The present study, therefore, has been aimed to evaluate the adverse effect of Cd on the homeostasis of GSCs by using Drosophila testis as an in vivo model. Following developmental exposure of environmentally relevant concentrations of Cd (5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 μg/mL) to Drosophila, we showed that a significantly increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at 20.0 μg/mL of Cd resulted in alteration of GSCs number accompanied by inappropriate differentiation leading to reduced sperm number and eventually poor reproductive performance in exposed organism. Rescuing effect was evident by overexpressing sod in the early germ cell stage. The study suggests that an alteration in GSCs homeostasis due to redox imbalance plays a pivotal role in Cd induced failure in male fertility. The study further advocates for the use of Drosophila as an alternative animal model for in vivo evaluation of male GSCs toxicity with minimal ethical concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abik Nandi
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Debapratim Kar Chowdhuri
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang HK, Huang CY, Chen YW, Sun YT. Hyperglycemia compromises the ischemia-provoked dedifferentiation of cerebral pericytes through p21-SOX2 signaling in high-fat diet-induced murine model. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2021; 18:1479164121990641. [PMID: 33557613 PMCID: PMC8482726 DOI: 10.1177/1479164121990641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Diabetes-related cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) causes neurological deficits. Patients with diabetes showed pericyte loss as a hallmark of retinopathy. Cerebral pericytes, which densely localize around brain capillaries, are quiescent stem cells regulating regeneration of brain and may have a role in CSVD development. This study investigated whether diabetes impairs ischemia-provoked dedifferentiation of pericytes. METHODS A murine high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetes model was used. After cerebral ischemia induction in the mice, pericytes were isolated and grown for a sphere formation assay. RESULTS The sphere counts from the HFD group were lower than those in the chow group. As the spheres formed, pericyte marker levels decreased and SOX2 levels increased gradually in the chow group, but not in the HFD group. Before sphere formation, pericytes from the HFD group showed high p21 levels. The use of a p21 inhibitor rescued the reduction of sphere counts in the HFD group. At cellular level, hyperglycemia-induced ROS increased the level of p21 in cerebral pericytes. The p21-SOX2 signaling was then activated after oxygen-glucose deprivation. CONCLUSION HFD-induced diabetes compromises the stemness of cerebral pericytes by altering p21-SOX2 signaling. These results provide evidence supporting the role of pericytes in diabetes-related CSVD and subsequent cerebral dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Kuang Wang
- School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung
- Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung
| | - Chih-Yuan Huang
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
| | - Yun-Wen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
| | - Yuan-Ting Sun
- Department of Neurology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
- Department of Genomic Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kahroba H, Ramezani B, Maadi H, Sadeghi MR, Jaberie H, Ramezani F. The role of Nrf2 in neural stem/progenitors cells: From maintaining stemness and self-renewal to promoting differentiation capability and facilitating therapeutic application in neurodegenerative disease. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 65:101211. [PMID: 33186670 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) cause progressive loss of neurons in nervous system. NDs are categorized as acute NDs such as stroke and head injury, besides chronic NDs including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases, Friedreich's Ataxia, Multiple Sclerosis. The exact etiology of NDs is not understood but oxidative stress, inflammation and synaptic dysfunction are main hallmarks. Oxidative stress leads to free radical attack on neural cells which contributes to protein misfolding, glia cell activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, impairment of DNA repair system and subsequently cellular death. Neural stem cells (NSCs) support adult neurogenesis in nervous system during injuries which is limited to certain regions in brain. NSCs can differentiate into the neurons, astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. Impaired neurogenesis and inadequate induction of neurogenesis are the main obstacles in treatment of NDs. Protection of neural cells from oxidative damages and supporting neurogenesis are promising strategies to treat NDs. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcriptional master regulator that maintains the redox homeostasis in cells by provoking expression of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective genes. Nrf2 can strongly influence the NSCs function and fate determination by reducing levels of reactive oxygen species in benefit of NSC survival and neurogenesis. In this review we will summarize the role of Nrf2 in NSC function, and exogenous and endogenous therapeutic strategies in treatment of NDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Houman Kahroba
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Bahman Ramezani
- Department of Chemistry, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Maadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Mohammad Reza Sadeghi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hajar Jaberie
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Graceffa V. Therapeutic Potential of Reactive Oxygen Species: State of the Art and Recent Advances. SLAS Technol 2020; 26:140-158. [PMID: 33345675 DOI: 10.1177/2472630320977450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, several studies have proven that when at low concentration reactive oxygen species (ROS) show an adaptive beneficial effect and posited the idea that they can be utilized as inexpensive and convenient inducers of tissue regeneration. On the other hand, the recent discovery that cancer cells are more sensitive to oxidative damage paved the way for their use in the selective killing of tumor cells, and sensors to monitor ROS production during cancer treatment are under extensive investigation. Nevertheless, although ROS-activated signaling pathways are well established, less is known about the mechanisms underlying the switch from an anabolic to a cytotoxic response. Furthermore, a high variability in biological response is observed between different modalities of administration, cell types, donor ages, eventual concomitant diseases, and external microenvironment. On the other hand, available preclinical studies are scarce, whereas the quest for the most suitable systems for in vivo delivery is still elusive. Furthermore, new strategies to control the temporal pattern of ROS release need to be developed, if considering their tumorigenic potential. This review initially discusses ROS mechanisms of action and their potential application in stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and cancer therapy. It then outlines the state of art of ROS-based drugs and identifies challenges faced in translating ROS research into clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Graceffa
- Cellular Health and Toxicology Research Group (CHAT), Institute of Technology Sligo, Bellanode, Sligo, Ireland.,Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Technology Sligo, Bellanode, Sligo, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lin YC, Wu CY, Hu CH, Pai TW, Chen YR, Wang WD. Integrated Hypoxia Signaling and Oxidative Stress in Developmental Neurotoxicity of Benzo[a]Pyrene in Zebrafish Embryos. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080731. [PMID: 32796530 PMCID: PMC7464806 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formed by the incomplete combustion of organic matter. Environmental B[a]P contamination poses a serious health risk to many organisms because the pollutant may negatively affect many physiological systems. As such, chronic exposure to B[a]P is known to lead to locomotor dysfunction and neurodegeneration in several organisms. In this study, we used the zebrafish model to delineate the acute toxic effects of B[a]P on the developing nervous system. We found that embryonic exposure of B[a]P downregulates shh and isl1, causing morphological hypoplasia in the telencephalon, ventral thalamus, hypothalamus, epiphysis and posterior commissure. Moreover, hypoxia-inducible factors (hif1a and hif2a) are repressed upon embryonic exposure of B[a]P, leading to reduced expression of the Hif-target genes, epo and survivin, which are associated with neural differentiation and maintenance. During normal embryogenesis, low-level oxidative stress regulates neuronal development and function. However, our experiments revealed that embryonic oxidative stress is greatly increased in B[a]P-treated embryos. The expression of catalase was decreased and sod1 expression increased in B[a]P-treated embryos. These transcriptional changes were coincident with increased embryonic levels of H2O2 and malondialdehyde, with the levels in B[a]P-treated fish similar to those in embryos treated with 120-μM H2O2. Together, our data suggest that reduced Hif signaling and increased oxidative stress are involved in B[a]P-induced acute neurotoxicity during embryogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Lin
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan;
| | - Chang-Yi Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Hwa Hu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
| | - Tun-Wen Pai
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Yet-Ran Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Der Wang
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Terzi A, Suter DM. The role of NADPH oxidases in neuronal development. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 154:33-47. [PMID: 32370993 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis and function when produced in physiological ranges. Important sources of cellular ROS include NADPH oxidases (Nox), which are evolutionary conserved multi-subunit transmembrane proteins. Nox-mediated ROS regulate variety of biological processes including hormone synthesis, calcium signaling, cell migration, and immunity. ROS participate in intracellular signaling by introducing post-translational modifications to proteins and thereby altering their functions. The central nervous system (CNS) expresses different Nox isoforms during both development and adulthood. Here, we review the role of Nox-mediated ROS during CNS development. Specifically, we focus on how individual Nox isoforms contribute to signaling in neural stem cell maintenance and neuronal differentiation, as well as neurite outgrowth and guidance. We also discuss how ROS regulates the organization and dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton in the neuronal growth cone. Finally, we review recent evidence that Nox-derived ROS modulate axonal regeneration upon nervous system injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aslihan Terzi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Daniel M Suter
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Quadrella incana (Capparaceae) Leaf Extract Enhances Proliferation and Maintenance of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells through Upregulating Glycolytic Flux and Redox Potential. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5963037. [PMID: 32411330 PMCID: PMC7201589 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5963037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells located in the embryonic and adult central nervous system (CNS). Extensive preclinical and clinical studies have shed light on the potential of stem cell replacement therapy for various neurodegenerative diseases. The key prerequisite for the success of these clinical applications is the procurement of a sufficient number of high-quality NSPCs. In this study, we explored the biological activity of Quadrella incana leaf in NSPC homeostasis. We showed that the leaf extract of Quadrella incana upregulated NSPC marker and proliferative potential. On the other hand, Quadrella incana leaf suppressed spontaneous unintended NSPC differentiation. Mechanistically, Quadrella incana leaf contributed to the maintenance of NSPCs by upregulating glycolytic flux and redox potential.
Collapse
|
36
|
NANOG/NANOGP8 Localizes at the Centrosome and is Spatiotemporally Associated with Centriole Maturation. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030692. [PMID: 32168958 PMCID: PMC7140602 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
NANOG is a transcription factor involved in the regulation of pluripotency and stemness. The functional paralog of NANOG, NANOGP8, differs from NANOG in only three amino acids and exhibits similar reprogramming activity. Given the transcriptional regulatory role played by NANOG, the nuclear localization of NANOG/NANOGP8 has primarily been considered to date. In this study, we investigated the intriguing extranuclear localization of NANOG and demonstrated that a substantial pool of NANOG/NANOGP8 is localized at the centrosome. Using double immunofluorescence, the colocalization of NANOG protein with pericentrin was identified by two independent anti-NANOG antibodies among 11 tumor and non-tumor cell lines. The validity of these observations was confirmed by transient expression of GFP-tagged NANOG, which also colocalized with pericentrin. Mass spectrometry of the anti-NANOG immunoprecipitated samples verified the antibody specificity and revealed the expression of both NANOG and NANOGP8, which was further confirmed by real-time PCR. Using cell fractionation, we show that a considerable amount of NANOG protein is present in the cytoplasm of RD and NTERA-2 cells. Importantly, cytoplasmic NANOG was unevenly distributed at the centrosome pair during the cell cycle and colocalized with the distal region of the mother centriole, and its presence was markedly associated with centriole maturation. Along with the finding that the centrosomal localization of NANOG/NANOGP8 was detected in various tumor and non-tumor cell types, these results provide the first evidence suggesting a common centrosome-specific role of NANOG.
Collapse
|
37
|
Barzegari A, Nouri M, Gueguen V, Saeedi N, Pavon‐Djavid G, Omidi Y. Mitochondria‐targeted antioxidant mito‐TEMPO alleviate oxidative stress induced by antimycin A in human mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5628-5636. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Barzegari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Virginie Gueguen
- INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Cardiovascular Bioengineering, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité Villetaneuse France
| | - Nazli Saeedi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine InstituteTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Graciela Pavon‐Djavid
- INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Cardiovascular Bioengineering, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité Villetaneuse France
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine InstituteTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of PharmaceuticsFaculty of PharmacyTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hachem LD, Mothe AJ, Tator CH. Unlocking the paradoxical endogenous stem cell response after spinal cord injury. Stem Cells 2019; 38:187-194. [PMID: 31648407 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nearly a century ago, the concept of the secondary injury in spinal cord trauma was first proposed to explain the complex cascade of molecular and cellular events leading to widespread neuronal and glial cell death after trauma. In recent years, it has been established that the ependymal region of the adult mammalian spinal cord contains a population of multipotent neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) that are activated after spinal cord injury (SCI) and likely play a key role in endogenous repair and regeneration. How these cells respond to the various components of the secondary injury remains poorly understood. Emerging evidence suggests that many of the biochemical components of the secondary injury cascade which have classically been viewed as deleterious to host neuronal and glial cells may paradoxically trigger NSPC activation, proliferation, and differentiation thus challenging our current understanding of secondary injury mechanisms in SCI. Herein, we highlight new findings describing the response of endogenous NSPCs to spinal cord trauma, redefining the secondary mechanisms of SCI through the lens of the endogenous population of stem/progenitor cells. Moreover, we outline how these insights can fuel novel stem cell-based therapeutic strategies to repair the injured spinal cord.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laureen D Hachem
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrea J Mothe
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Charles H Tator
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Dai X, Yan X, Wintergerst KA, Cai L, Keller BB, Tan Y. Nrf2: Redox and Metabolic Regulator of Stem Cell State and Function. Trends Mol Med 2019; 26:185-200. [PMID: 31679988 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is ubiquitously expressed in most eukaryotic cells and functions to induce a broad range of cellular defenses against exogenous and endogenous stresses, including oxidants, xenobiotics, and excessive nutrient/metabolite supply. Because the production and fate of stem cells are often modulated by cellular redox and metabolic homeostasis, important roles of Nrf2 have emerged in the regulation of stem cell quiescence, survival, self-renewal, proliferation, senescence, and differentiation. In a rapidly advancing field, this review summarizes Nrf2 signaling in the context of stem cell state and function and provides a rationale for Nrf2 as a therapeutic target in stem cell-based regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Dai
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yan
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kupper A Wintergerst
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Bradley B Keller
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Kosair Charities Pediatric Heart Research Program, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Yi Tan
- Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pareek V, Nath B, Roy PK. Role of Neuroimaging Modality in the Assessment of Oxidative Stress in Brain: A Comprehensive Review. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2019; 18:372-381. [DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666190507102340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background & Objective:Oxidative stress (OS) is the secondary source of an injury in consequence to the earlier caused primary injury; it is the condition of an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants within the physiological system. OS causes alterations in proteins and DNA structure, leading to inflammation, apoptotic cell death, and tissue damage. Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Glioma-induced neurodegeneration and the normal aging-related neuro-degeneration are primarily associated with the increased OS. The present review article is committed to delivering a comprehensive overview of the current neuroimaging modalities which estimates an indirect correlate of OS in the brain. OS-induced changes in white matter tracts and the gray matter volumes are reviewed assessing the role of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) respectively. Further, the role of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to assess the OS-induced alterations of chemical moieties, and thus the resultant structural implications in the neurological disorders are also briefly as well as precisely reviewed.Conclusions:In the present review article we present an overview of the role of neuroimaging modalities in the diagnosis, and longitudinal assessment during treatment of the OS induced changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Pareek
- National Neuroimaging Facility, Computational Neuroscience & Neuroimaging Department, National Brain Research Center, Manesar, Haryana, 122052, India
| | - Banshi Nath
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec QC, Canada
| | - Prasun K. Roy
- Computational Neuroscience & Neuro-Imaging Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 122005, India
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Gudbergsson JM, Duroux M. An evaluation of different Cripto-1 antibodies and their variable results. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:545-556. [PMID: 31310365 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cripto-1 is a protein expressed during embryonal development and has been linked to several malignant processes in cancer. Since the discovery of cripto-1 in the late 1980s, it has become a subject of biomarker investigation in several types of cancer which in many cases relies on immunolocalization of cripto-1 using antibodies. Investigating cripto-1 expression and localization in primary glioblastoma cells, we discovered nonspecific binding of cripto-1 antibody to the extracellular matrix Geltrex. A panel of four cripto-1 antibodies was investigated with respect to their binding to the Geltrex matrix and to the cripto-1 positive control cells NTERA2. The cripto-1 expression was varied for the different antibodies with respect to cellular localization and fixation methods. To further elaborate on these findings, we present a systematic review of cripto-1 antibodies found in the literature and highlight some possible cross reactants with data on sequence alignments and structural comparison of EGF domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Mar Gudbergsson
- Laboratory of Immunology and Cancer Biology, Institute of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Meg Duroux
- Laboratory of Immunology and Cancer Biology, Institute of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
MicroRNA-33-3p Regulates Vein Endothelial Cell Apoptosis in Selenium-Deficient Broilers by Targeting E4F1. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:6274010. [PMID: 31249647 PMCID: PMC6556262 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6274010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a type of nutrient element. The tissues of organisms can have pathological damage, including apoptosis, due to Se deficiency. Apoptosis is an important cell process and plays a key role in vascular disease and Se-deficient symptoms. In this study, the Se-deficient broiler model was duplicated, miR-33-3p in the vein was overexpressed in response to Se-deficiency, and miR-33-3p target gene E4F transcription factor 1 (E4F1) expression was also confirmed. We utilized ectopic miR-33-3p expression to validate its function for apoptosis. The results showed that miR-33-3p-targeted E4F1 are involved in the glucose-regulated protein 78- (GRP78-) induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) apoptosis pathway. We presumed that Se deficiency might trigger apoptosis via downregulating miR-33-3p. Interestingly, the miR-33-3p inhibitor and VER-155008 (GRP78 inhibitor) partly hindered the apoptosis caused by Se deficiency. Thus, the above information provides a new avenue toward understanding the mechanism of Se deficiency and reveals a novel apoptotic injury regulation model in vascular disease.
Collapse
|
43
|
Li R, Liu Y, Xie J, Huang X, Zhang L, Liu H, Li L. Sirt3 mediates the protective effect of hydrogen in inhibiting ROS-induced retinal senescence. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 135:116-124. [PMID: 30735837 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen possesses antioxidative effects and cures numerous types of ophthalmopathy, but the mechanism of hydrogen on ROS-induced retinal senescence remains elusive. In this study, retinal morphology revealed that hydrogen reduced the number and size of vitreous black deposits in Bruch's membrane in NaIO3 mice. Hydrogen also reduced ROS levels in the retina as assessed by DHE staining. Moreover, this result was consistent with the downregulation of expression of the oxidative stress hallmark OGG1. These findings suggested that hydrogen can reduce retinal oxidative stress induced by NaIO3, and this result was further verified using the antioxidant ALCAR. Mechanistic analysis revealed that hydrogen significantly inhibited the downregulation of Sirt3 expression, and this notion was confirmed using AICAR, which restores Sirt3 expression and activity. Moreover, hydrogen reduced the expression of p53, p21 and p16 and the number of blue-green precipitations in the retinas of NaIO3 mice as assessed by SA-β-gal staining. We also found that hydrogen decreased the expression of the DNA damage-related protein ATM, cyclinD1 and NF-κB but increased the expression of the DNA repair-related protein HMGB1, suggesting that hydrogen inhibits senescence in retinas of NaIO3 mice. Additionally, OCT examination revealed that hydrogen suppressed retinal high reflex formation significantly and prevented the retina from thinning. This result was supported by ERG assays that demonstrated that hydrogen prevented the reduction in a- and b-wave amplitude induced by NaIO3 in mice. Thus, our data suggest that hydrogen may inhibit retinal senescence by suppressing the downregulation of Sirt3 expression through reduced oxidative stress reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruichan Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, PR China.
| | - Yanli Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, PR China.
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Cell Biology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, PR China.
| | - Xudong Huang
- Chemistry and Life College, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Jinzhoushi Oral Cavity Hospital, Jinzhou, PR China.
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China.
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Crippa S, Rossella V, Aprile A, Silvestri L, Rivis S, Scaramuzza S, Pirroni S, Avanzini MA, Basso-Ricci L, Hernandez RJ, Zecca M, Marktel S, Ciceri F, Aiuti A, Ferrari G, Bernardo ME. Bone marrow stromal cells from β-thalassemia patients have impaired hematopoietic supportive capacity. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:1566-1580. [PMID: 30830876 PMCID: PMC6436882 DOI: 10.1172/jci123191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND. The human bone marrow (BM) niche contains a population of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that provide physical support and regulate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homeostasis. β-Thalassemia (BT) is a hereditary disorder characterized by altered hemoglobin beta-chain synthesis amenable to allogeneic HSC transplantation and HSC gene therapy. Iron overload (IO) is a common complication in BT patients affecting several organs. However, data on the BM stromal compartment are scarce. METHODS. MSCs were isolated and characterized from BM aspirates of healthy donors (HDs) and BT patients. The state of IO was assessed and correlated with the presence of primitive MSCs in vitro and in vivo. Hematopoietic supportive capacity of MSCs was evaluated by transwell migration assay and 2D coculture of MSCs with human CD34+ HSCs. In vivo, the ability of MSCs to facilitate HSC engraftment was tested in a xenogenic transplant model, whereas the capacity to sustain human hematopoiesis was evaluated in humanized ossicle models. RESULTS. We report that, despite iron chelation, BT BM contains high levels of iron and ferritin, indicative of iron accumulation in the BM niche. We found a pauperization of the most primitive MSC pool caused by increased ROS production in vitro which impaired MSC stemness properties. We confirmed a reduced frequency of primitive MSCs in vivo in BT patients. We also discovered a weakened antioxidative response and diminished expression of BM niche–associated genes in BT-MSCs. This caused a functional impairment in MSC hematopoietic supportive capacity in vitro and in cotransplantation models. In addition, BT-MSCs failed to form a proper BM niche in humanized ossicle models. CONCLUSION. Our results suggest an impairment in the mesenchymal compartment of BT BM niche and highlight the need for novel strategies to target the niche to reduce IO and oxidative stress before transplantation. FUNDING. This work was supported by the SR-TIGET Core grant from Fondazione Telethon and by Ricerca Corrente.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Crippa
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), and
| | - Valeria Rossella
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), and
| | - Annamaria Aprile
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), and
| | - Laura Silvestri
- Regulation of Iron Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Rivis
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), and
| | | | - Stefania Pirroni
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), and
| | | | - Luca Basso-Ricci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), and
| | | | - Marco Zecca
- Oncoematologia Pediatrica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico "San Matteo", Pavia, Italy
| | - Sarah Marktel
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), and.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliana Ferrari
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), and.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), and.,Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Xu Y, Sun D, Song C, Wang R, Dong X. MnTMPyP inhibits paraquat-induced pulmonary epithelial-like cell injury by inhibiting oxidative stress. J Toxicol Sci 2018; 43:545-555. [PMID: 30185695 DOI: 10.2131/jts.43.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect and underlying mechanism of the superoxide dismutase mimic, manganese (III) tetrakis (1-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin pentachloride (MnTMPyP), on paraquat (PQ)-induced lung alveolar epithelial-like cell injury. METHODS Lung alveolar epithelial-like cells (A549) were pretreated with 10 μM MnTMPyP for 1.5 hr and then cultured with or without PQ (750 uM) for 24 hr. Cell survival was determined using the MTT assay. Apoptosis, mitochondrial transmembrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and Ca2+ levels were measured using flow cytometry. Glutathione reductase activity (GR activity) and caspase-3 activation were determined using spectrophotometry. Expression of the apoptosis proteins, Bcl-2 and Bax, and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress proteins, glucose regulatory protein 78 (Grp78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), was measured using Western blot analysis. RESULTS Cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, GR activity, and Bcl-2 expression were decreased, but apoptosis, ROS production, caspase-3 activity, cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels, and Bax, Grp78 and CHOP expression were all increased in the PQ group compared to the control group. There were no statistically significant changes in the MnTMPyP group. Cell viability, GR activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and Bcl-2 protein expression were all increased, while apoptosis, ROS production, cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels, caspase-3 activity, and Bax, Grp78 and CHOP expression were all significantly reduced in the MnTMPyP group compared to PQ group. CONCLUSION MnTMPyP effectively reduced PQ-induced lung epithelial-like cell injury, and the underlying mechanism is related to antagonism of PQ-induced oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongmin Xu
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital, China Medical University, China
| | - Dazhuang Sun
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital, China Medical University, China
| | - Chunqing Song
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital, China Medical University, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital, China Medical University, China
| | - Xuesong Dong
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital, China Medical University, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ferreira AC, Sousa N, Bessa JM, Sousa JC, Marques F. Metabolism and adult neurogenesis: Towards an understanding of the role of lipocalin-2 and iron-related oxidative stress. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 95:73-84. [PMID: 30267731 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The process of generating new functional neurons in the adult mammalian brain occurs from the local neural stem and progenitor cells and requires tight control of the progenitor cell's activity. Several signaling pathways and intrinsic/extrinsic factors have been well studied over the last years, but recent attention has been given to the critical role of cellular metabolism in determining the functional properties of progenitor cells. Here, we review recent advances in the current understanding of when and how metabolism affects neural stem cell (NSC) behavior and subsequent neuronal differentiation and highlight the role of lipocalin-2 (LCN2), a protein involved in the control of oxidative stress, as a recently emerged regulator of NSC activity and neuronal differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Ferreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João M Bessa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João Carlos Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|