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Suwakulsiri W, Xu R, Rai A, Shafiq A, Chen M, Greening DW, Simpson RJ. Comparative proteomic analysis of three major extracellular vesicle classes secreted from human primary and metastatic colorectal cancer cells: Exosomes, microparticles, and shed midbody remnants. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300057. [PMID: 37507836 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are evolutionary-conserved secretory organelles that, based on their molecular composition, are important intercellular signaling regulators. At least three classes of circulating EVs are known based on mechanism of biogenesis: exosomes (sEVs/Exos), microparticles (lEVs/MPs), and shed midbody remnants (lEVs/sMB-Rs). sEVs/Exos are of endosomal pathway origin, microparticles (lEVs/MPs) from plasma membrane blebbing and shed midbody remnants (lEVs/sMB-Rs) arise from symmetric cytokinetic abscission. Here, we isolate sEVs/Exos, lEVs/MPs, and lEVs/sMB-Rs secreted from human isogenic primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines in milligram quantities for label-free MS/MS-based proteomic profiling. Purified EVs revealed selective composition packaging of exosomal protein markers in SW480/SW620-sEVs/Exos, metabolic enzymes in SW480/SW620-lEVs/MPs, while centralspindlin complex proteins, nucleoproteins, splicing factors, RNA granule proteins, translation-initiation factors, and mitochondrial proteins selectively traffic to SW480/SW620- lEVs/sMB-Rs. Collectively, we identify 39 human cancer-associated genes in EVs; 17 associated with SW480-EVs, 22 with SW620-EVs. We highlight oncogenic receptors/transporters selectively enriched in sEVs/Exos (EGFR/FAS in SW480-sEVs/Exos and MET, TGFBR2, ABCB1 in SW620-sEVs/Exos). Interestingly, MDK, STAT1, and TGM2 are selectively enriched in SW480-lEVs/sMB-Rs, and ADAM15 to SW620-lEVs/sMB-Rs. Our study reveals sEVs/Exos, lEVs/MPs, and lEVs/sMB-Rs have distinct protein signatures that open potential diagnostic avenues of distinct types of EVs for clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wittaya Suwakulsiri
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment (SABE), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rong Xu
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Centre Clinical, Australia Centre for Blood Diseases, School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alin Rai
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research, Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adnan Shafiq
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment (SABE), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maoshan Chen
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Blood Transfusion, Laboratory Medicine Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - David W Greening
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research, Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment (SABE), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Song J, Cheng X, Zhou C, Huang S, Zhao W, Zong Z, Yang L. Targeting the "tumor microenvironment": RNA-binding proteins in the spotlight in colorectal cancer therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111876. [PMID: 38493688 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and has the second highest mortality rate among cancers. The development of CRC involves both genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, and recent research has focused on exploring the ex-transcriptome, particularly post-transcriptional modifications. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are emerging epigenetic regulators that play crucial roles in post-transcriptional events. Dysregulation of RBPs can result in aberrant expression of downstream target genes, thereby affecting the progression of colorectal tumors and the prognosis of patients. Recent studies have shown that RBPs can influence CRC pathogenesis and progression by regulating various components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Although previous research on RBPs has primarily focused on their direct regulation of colorectal tumor development, their involvement in the remodeling of the TME has not been systematically reported. This review aims to highlight the significant role of RBPs in the intricate interactions within the CRC tumor microenvironment, including tumor immune microenvironment, inflammatory microenvironment, extracellular matrix, tumor vasculature, and CRC cancer stem cells. We also highlight several compounds under investigation for RBP-TME-based treatment of CRC, including small molecule inhibitors such as antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), siRNAs, agonists, gene manipulation, and tumor vaccines. The insights gained from this review may lead to the development of RBP-based targeted novel therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the TME, potentially inhibiting the progression and metastasis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 MinDe Road, 330006 Nanchang, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Mingde Rd., Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 MinDe Road, 330006 Nanchang, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Mingde Rd., Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingjing Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 MinDe Road, 330006 Nanchang, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Mingde Rd., Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; School of Ophthalmology and Optometry of Nanchang University, China
| | - Xifu Cheng
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry of Nanchang University, China
| | - Chulin Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wentao Zhao
- The 3rd Clinical Department of China Medical University, 10159 Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen Zong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 MinDe Road, 330006 Nanchang, China.
| | - Lingling Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Mingde Rd., Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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3
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Wang R, Yan Z. Cancer spreading patterns based on epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1259953. [PMID: 38665432 PMCID: PMC11043583 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1259953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Metastasis is a major cause of cancer-related deaths, underscoring the necessity to discern the rules and patterns of cancer cell spreading. Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity contributes to cancer aggressiveness and metastasis. Despite establishing key determinants of cancer aggressiveness and metastatic ability, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanism is unknown. We aimed to propose a classification system for cancer cells based on epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity, focusing on hysteresis of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype. Methods: We extensively reviewed the concept of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity, specifically considering the hysteresis of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype. Results: In this review and hypothesis article, based on epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity, especially the hysteresis of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype, we proposed a classification of cancer cells, indicating that cancer cells with epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity potential could be classified into four types: irreversible hysteresis, weak hysteresis, strong hysteresis, and hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype. These four types of cancer cells had varied biology, spreading features, and prognoses. Discussion: Our results highlight that the proposed classification system offers insights into the diverse behaviors of cancer cells, providing implications for cancer aggressiveness and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhaopeng Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Dinh NTM, Nguyen TM, Park MK, Lee CH. Y-Box Binding Protein 1: Unraveling the Multifaceted Role in Cancer Development and Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:717. [PMID: 38255791 PMCID: PMC10815159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1), a member of the Cold Shock Domain protein family, is overexpressed in various human cancers and is recognized as an oncogenic gene associated with poor prognosis. YBX1's functional diversity arises from its capacity to interact with a broad range of DNA and RNA molecules, implicating its involvement in diverse cellular processes. Independent investigations have unveiled specific facets of YBX1's contribution to cancer development. This comprehensive review elucidates YBX1's multifaceted role in cancer across cancer hallmarks, both in cancer cell itself and the tumor microenvironment. Based on this, we proposed YBX1 as a potential target for cancer treatment. Notably, ongoing clinical trials addressing YBX1 as a target in breast cancer and lung cancer have showcased its promise for cancer therapy. The ramp up in in vitro research on targeting YBX1 compounds also underscores its growing appeal. Moreover, the emerging role of YBX1 as a neural input is also proposed where the high level of YBX1 was strongly associated with nerve cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. This review also summarized the up-to-date advanced research on the involvement of YBX1 in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Thi Minh Dinh
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (N.T.M.D.); (T.M.N.)
| | - Tuan Minh Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (N.T.M.D.); (T.M.N.)
| | - Mi Kyung Park
- Department of BioHealthcare, Hwasung Medi-Science University, Hwaseong-si 18274, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (N.T.M.D.); (T.M.N.)
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5
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Urzì O, Bergqvist M, Lässer C, Moschetti M, Johansson J, D´Arrigo D, Olofsson Bagge R, Crescitelli R. Heat inactivation of foetal bovine serum performed after EV-depletion influences the proteome of cell-derived extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12408. [PMID: 38263378 PMCID: PMC10805629 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in cell cultures as well as their molecular cargo can be influenced by cell culture conditions such as the presence of foetal bovine serum (FBS). Although several studies have evaluated the effect of removing FBS-derived EVs by ultracentrifugation (UC), less is known about the influence of FBS heat inactivation (HI) on the cell-derived EVs. To assess this, three protocols based on different combinations of EV depletion by UC and HI were evaluated, including FBS ultracentrifuged but not heat inactivated (no-HI FBS), FBS heat inactivated before EV depletion (HI-before EV-depl FBS), and FBS heat inactivated after EV depletion (HI-after EV-depl FBS). We isolated large (L-EVs) and small EVs (S-EVs) from FBS treated in the three different ways, and we found that the S-EV pellet from HI-after EV-depl FBS was larger than the S-EV pellet from no-HI FBS and HI-before EV-depl FBS. Transmission electron microscopy, protein quantification, and particle number evaluation showed that HI-after EV-depl significantly increased the protein amount of S-EVs but had no significant effect on L-EVs. Consequently, the protein quantity of S-EVs isolated from three cell lines cultured in media supplemented with HI-after EV-depl FBS was significantly increased. Quantitative mass spectrometry analysis of FBS-derived S-EVs showed that the EV protein content was different when FBS was HI after EV depletion compared to EVs isolated from no-HI FBS and HI-before EV-depl FBS. Moreover, we show that several quantified proteins could be ascribed to human origin, thus demonstrating that FBS bovine proteins can mistakenly be attributed to human cell-derived EVs. We conclude that HI of FBS performed after EV depletion results in changes in the proteome, with molecules that co-isolate with EVs and can contaminate EVs when used in subsequent cell cultures. Our recommendation is, therefore, to always perform HI of FBS prior to EV depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Urzì
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research and Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D)University of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Markus Bergqvist
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Cecilia Lässer
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Marta Moschetti
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research and Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D)University of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Junko Johansson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research and Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University HospitalRegion Västra GötalandGothenburgSweden
| | - Daniele D´Arrigo
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies LaboratoryEnte Ospedaliero CantonaleBellinzonaSwitzerland
| | - Roger Olofsson Bagge
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research and Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University HospitalRegion Västra GötalandGothenburgSweden
| | - Rossella Crescitelli
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research and Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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6
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Fonseca Teixeira A, Wu S, Luwor R, Zhu HJ. A New Era of Integration between Multiomics and Spatio-Temporal Analysis for the Translation of EMT towards Clinical Applications in Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:2740. [PMID: 38067168 PMCID: PMC10706093 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial to metastasis by increasing cancer cell migration and invasion. At the cellular level, EMT-related morphological and functional changes are well established. At the molecular level, critical signaling pathways able to drive EMT have been described. Yet, the translation of EMT into efficient diagnostic methods and anti-metastatic therapies is still missing. This highlights a gap in our understanding of the precise mechanisms governing EMT. Here, we discuss evidence suggesting that overcoming this limitation requires the integration of multiple omics, a hitherto neglected strategy in the EMT field. More specifically, this work summarizes results that were independently obtained through epigenomics/transcriptomics while comprehensively reviewing the achievements of proteomics in cancer research. Additionally, we prospect gains to be obtained by applying spatio-temporal multiomics in the investigation of EMT-driven metastasis. Along with the development of more sensitive technologies, the integration of currently available omics, and a look at dynamic alterations that regulate EMT at the subcellular level will lead to a deeper understanding of this process. Further, considering the significance of EMT to cancer progression, this integrative strategy may enable the development of new and improved biomarkers and therapeutics capable of increasing the survival and quality of life of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Fonseca Teixeira
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia (S.W.); (R.L.)
- Huagene Institute, Kecheng Science and Technology Park, Pukou District, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Siqi Wu
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia (S.W.); (R.L.)
- Huagene Institute, Kecheng Science and Technology Park, Pukou District, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Rodney Luwor
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia (S.W.); (R.L.)
- Huagene Institute, Kecheng Science and Technology Park, Pukou District, Nanjing 211800, China
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
- Health, Innovation and Transformation Centre, Federation University, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
| | - Hong-Jian Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia (S.W.); (R.L.)
- Huagene Institute, Kecheng Science and Technology Park, Pukou District, Nanjing 211800, China
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Taghavi S, Abdullah S, Shaheen F, Packer J, Duchesne J, Braun SE, Steele C, Pociask D, Kolls JK, Jackson-Weaver O. EXOSOMES AND MICROVESICLES FROM ADIPOSE-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS PROTECTS THE ENDOTHELIAL GLYCOCALYX FROM LPS INJURY. Shock 2023; 60:56-63. [PMID: 37086080 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Endothelial glycocalyx damage occurs in numerous pathological conditions and results in endotheliopathy. Extracellular vesicles, including exosomes and microvesicles, isolated from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have therapeutic potential in multiple disease states; however, their role in preventing glycocalyx shedding has not been defined. We hypothesized that ASC-derived exosomes and microvesicles would protect the endothelial glycocalyx from damage by LPS injury in cultured endothelial cells. Methods : Exosomes and microvesicles were collected from ASC conditioned media by centrifugation (10,000 g for microvesicles, 100,000 g for exosomes). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS-injured cells (n = 578) were compared with HUVECS with concomitant LPS injury plus 1.0 μg/mL of exosomes (n = 540) or microvesicles (n = 510) for 24 hours. These two cohorts were compared with control HUVECs that received phosphate-buffered saline only (n = 786) and HUVECs exposed to exosomes (n = 505) or microvesicles (n = 500) alone. Cells were fixed and stained with FITC-labeled wheat germ agglutinin to quantify EGX. Real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was used on HUVECs cell lystate to quantify hyaluron synthase-1 (HAS1) expression. Results: Exosomes alone decreased endothelial glycocalyx staining intensity when compared with control (4.94 vs. 6.41 AU, P < 0.001), while microvesicles did not cause a change glycocalyx staining intensity (6.39 vs. 6.41, P = 0.99). LPS injury resulted in decreased glycocalyx intensity as compared with control (5.60 vs. 6.41, P < 0.001). Exosomes (6.85 vs. 5.60, P < 0.001) and microvesicles (6.35 vs. 5.60, P < 0.001) preserved endothelial glycocalyx staining intensity after LPS injury. HAS1 levels were found to be higher in the exosome (1.14 vs. 3.67 RE, P = 0.02) and microvesicle groups (1.14 vs. 3.59 RE, P = 0.02) when compared with LPS injury. Hyaluron synthase-2 and synthase-3 expressions were not different in the various experimental groups. Conclusions: Exosomes alone can damage the endothelial glycocalyx. However, in the presence of LPS injury, both exosomes and microvesicles protect the glycocalyx layer. This effect seems to be mediated by HAS1. Level of Evidence : Basic science study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharven Taghavi
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Sarah Abdullah
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Farhana Shaheen
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jacob Packer
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Juan Duchesne
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Stephen E Braun
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Chad Steele
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Derek Pociask
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jay K Kolls
- Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Olan Jackson-Weaver
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
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8
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Trinh LT, Osipovich AB, Liu B, Shrestha S, Cartailler JP, Wright CVE, Magnuson MA. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Sox17-Expressing Lineages Reveals Distinct Gene Regulatory Networks and Dynamic Developmental Trajectories. Stem Cells 2023; 41:643-657. [PMID: 37085274 PMCID: PMC10465087 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
During early embryogenesis, the transcription factor SOX17 contributes to hepato-pancreato-biliary system formation and vascular-hematopoietic emergence. To better understand Sox17 function in the developing endoderm and endothelium, we developed a dual-color temporal lineage-tracing strategy in mice combined with single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze 6934 cells from Sox17-expressing lineages at embryonic days 9.0-9.5. Our analyses showed 19 distinct cellular clusters combined from all 3 germ layers. Differential gene expression, trajectory and RNA-velocity analyses of endothelial cells revealed a heterogenous population of uncommitted and specialized endothelial subtypes, including 2 hemogenic populations that arise from different origins. Similarly, analyses of posterior foregut endoderm revealed subsets of hepatic, pancreatic, and biliary progenitors with overlapping developmental potency. Calculated gene-regulatory networks predict gene regulons that are dominated by cell type-specific transcription factors unique to each lineage. Vastly different Sox17 regulons found in endoderm versus endothelial cells support the differential interactions of SOX17 with other regulatory factors thereby enabling lineage-specific regulatory actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh T Trinh
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Anna B Osipovich
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bryan Liu
- College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shristi Shrestha
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Christopher V E Wright
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mark A Magnuson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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9
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Petersen J, Englmaier L, Artemov AV, Poverennaya I, Mahmoud R, Bouderlique T, Tesarova M, Deviatiiarov R, Szilvásy-Szabó A, Akkuratov EE, Pajuelo Reguera D, Zeberg H, Kaucka M, Kastriti ME, Krivanek J, Radaszkiewicz T, Gömöryová K, Knauth S, Potesil D, Zdrahal Z, Ganji RS, Grabowski A, Buhl ME, Zikmund T, Kavkova M, Axelson H, Lindgren D, Kramann R, Kuppe C, Erdélyi F, Máté Z, Szabó G, Koehne T, Harkany T, Fried K, Kaiser J, Boor P, Fekete C, Rozman J, Kasparek P, Prochazka J, Sedlacek R, Bryja V, Gusev O, Adameyko I. A previously uncharacterized Factor Associated with Metabolism and Energy (FAME/C14orf105/CCDC198/1700011H14Rik) is related to evolutionary adaptation, energy balance, and kidney physiology. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3092. [PMID: 37248239 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38663-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we use comparative genomics to uncover a gene with uncharacterized function (1700011H14Rik/C14orf105/CCDC198), which we hereby name FAME (Factor Associated with Metabolism and Energy). We observe that FAME shows an unusually high evolutionary divergence in birds and mammals. Through the comparison of single nucleotide polymorphisms, we identify gene flow of FAME from Neandertals into modern humans. We conduct knockout experiments on animals and observe altered body weight and decreased energy expenditure in Fame knockout animals, corresponding to genome-wide association studies linking FAME with higher body mass index in humans. Gene expression and subcellular localization analyses reveal that FAME is a membrane-bound protein enriched in the kidneys. Although the gene knockout results in structurally normal kidneys, we detect higher albumin in urine and lowered ferritin in the blood. Through experimental validation, we confirm interactions between FAME and ferritin and show co-localization in vesicular and plasma membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Petersen
- Department of Orthodontics, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Lukas Englmaier
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Artem V Artemov
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irina Poverennaya
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ruba Mahmoud
- Department of Orthodontics, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thibault Bouderlique
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marketa Tesarova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ruslan Deviatiiarov
- Regulatory Genomics Research Center, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anett Szilvásy-Szabó
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Evgeny E Akkuratov
- Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, 171 65, Stockholm, Sweden
- University of Oxford, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - David Pajuelo Reguera
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Science, Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Hugo Zeberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marketa Kaucka
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, 24306, Germany
| | - Maria Eleni Kastriti
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Krivanek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomasz Radaszkiewicz
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristína Gömöryová
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sarah Knauth
- Department of Orthodontics, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - David Potesil
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Zdrahal
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ranjani Sri Ganji
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Grabowski
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Miriam E Buhl
- Institute of Pathology & Electron Microscopy Facility, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tomas Zikmund
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Kavkova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Håkan Axelson
- Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Lindgren
- Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christoph Kuppe
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ferenc Erdélyi
- Medical Gene Technology Unit, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Máté
- Medical Gene Technology Unit, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Szabó
- Medical Gene Technology Unit, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Till Koehne
- Department of Orthodontics, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tibor Harkany
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kaj Fried
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jozef Kaiser
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology & Electron Microscopy Facility, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Csaba Fekete
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jan Rozman
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Science, Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, avenue du Swing, 4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Petr Kasparek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Science, Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prochazka
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Science, Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Science, Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Vitezslav Bryja
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Oleg Gusev
- Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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10
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Smith MR, Costa G. RNA-binding proteins and translation control in angiogenesis. FEBS J 2022; 289:7788-7809. [PMID: 34796614 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Tissue vascularization through the process of angiogenesis ensures adequate oxygen and nutrient supply during development and regeneration. The complex morphogenetic events involved in new blood vessel formation are orchestrated by a tightly regulated crosstalk between extra and intracellular factors. In this context, RNA-binding protein (RBP) activity and protein translation play fundamental roles during the cellular responses triggered by particular environmental cues. A solid body of work has demonstrated that key RBPs (such as HuR, TIS11 proteins, hnRNPs, NF90, QKIs and YB1) are implicated in both physiological and pathological angiogenesis. These RBPs are critical for the metabolism of messenger (m)RNAs encoding angiogenic modulators and, importantly, strong evidence suggests that RBP-mRNA interactions can be altered in disease. Lesser known, but not less important, the mechanistic aspects of protein synthesis can also regulate the generation of new vessels. In this review, we outline the key findings demonstrating the implications of RBP-mediated RNA regulation and translation control in angiogenesis. Furthermore, we highlight how these mechanisms of post-transcriptional control of gene expression have led to promising therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting undesired blood vessel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine R Smith
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Guilherme Costa
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
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11
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Notaras M, Lodhi A, Dündar F, Collier P, Sayles NM, Tilgner H, Greening D, Colak D. Schizophrenia is defined by cell-specific neuropathology and multiple neurodevelopmental mechanisms in patient-derived cerebral organoids. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:1416-1434. [PMID: 34789849 PMCID: PMC9095467 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01316-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Due to an inability to ethically access developing human brain tissue as well as identify prospective cases, early-arising neurodevelopmental and cell-specific signatures of Schizophrenia (Scz) have remained unknown and thus undefined. To overcome these challenges, we utilized patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to generate 3D cerebral organoids to model neuropathology of Scz during this critical period. We discovered that Scz organoids exhibited ventricular neuropathology resulting in altered progenitor survival and disrupted neurogenesis. This ultimately yielded fewer neurons within developing cortical fields of Scz organoids. Single-cell sequencing revealed that Scz progenitors were specifically depleted of neuronal programming factors leading to a remodeling of cell-lineages, altered differentiation trajectories, and distorted cortical cell-type diversity. While Scz organoids were similar in their macromolecular diversity to organoids generated from healthy controls (Ctrls), four GWAS factors (PTN, COMT, PLCL1, and PODXL) and peptide fragments belonging to the POU-domain transcription factor family (e.g., POU3F2/BRN2) were altered. This revealed that Scz organoids principally differed not in their proteomic diversity, but specifically in their total quantity of disease and neurodevelopmental factors at the molecular level. Single-cell sequencing subsequently identified cell-type specific alterations in neuronal programming factors as well as a developmental switch in neurotrophic growth factor expression, indicating that Scz neuropathology can be encoded on a cell-type-by-cell-type basis. Furthermore, single-cell sequencing also specifically replicated the depletion of BRN2 (POU3F2) and PTN in both Scz progenitors and neurons. Subsequently, in two mechanistic rescue experiments we identified that the transcription factor BRN2 and growth factor PTN operate as mechanistic substrates of neurogenesis and cellular survival, respectively, in Scz organoids. Collectively, our work suggests that multiple mechanisms of Scz exist in patient-derived organoids, and that these disparate mechanisms converge upon primordial brain developmental pathways such as neuronal differentiation, survival, and growth factor support, which may amalgamate to elevate intrinsic risk of Scz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Notaras
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aiman Lodhi
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Friederike Dündar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Collier
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole M Sayles
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hagen Tilgner
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Greening
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Institute & Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dilek Colak
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Gale and Ira Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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Hamidi AA, Khalili-Tanha G, Nasrpour Navaei Z, Moghbeli M. Long non-coding RNAs as the critical regulators of epithelial mesenchymal transition in colorectal tumor cells: an overview. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:71. [PMID: 35144601 PMCID: PMC8832734 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02501-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer mortality and a major health challenge worldwide. Despite advances in therapeutic and diagnostic methods, there is still a poor prognosis in CRC patients. Tumor recurrence and metastasis are the main causes of high mortality rate in these patients, which are due to late diagnosis in advanced tumor stages. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is known to be the most important cause of CRC metastasis, during which tumor cells obtain metastasis ability by losing epithelial features and gaining mesenchymal features. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are pivotal regulators of EMT process. Regarding the higher stability of lncRNAs compared with coding RNAs in body fluids, they can be used as non-invasive diagnostic markers for EMT process. In the present review, we summarized all of the lncRNAs involved in regulation of EMT process during CRC progression and metastasis. It was observed that lncRNAs mainly induced the EMT process in CRC cells by regulation of EMT-related transcription factors, Poly comb repressive complex (PRC), and also signaling pathways such as WNT, NOTCH, MAPK, and Hippo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Abbas Hamidi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Khalili-Tanha
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Nasrpour Navaei
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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13
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Hamon L, Budkina K, Pastré D. YB-1 Structure/Function Relationship in the Packaging of mRNPs and Consequences for Translation Regulation and Stress Granule Assembly in Cells. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:S20-S93. [PMID: 35501984 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922140036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
From their synthesis in the nucleus to their degradation in the cytoplasm, all mRNAs have the same objective, which is to translate the DNA-stored genetic information into functional proteins at the proper time and location. To this end, many proteins are generally associated with mRNAs as soon as transcription takes place in the nucleus to organize spatiotemporal regulation of the gene expression in cells. Here we reviewed how YB-1 (YBX1 gene), one of the major mRNA-binding proteins in the cytoplasm, packaged mRNAs into either compact or extended linear nucleoprotein mRNPs. Interestingly the structural plasticity of mRNPs coordinated by YB-1 could provide means for the contextual regulation of mRNA translation. Posttranslational modification of YB-1, notably in the long unstructured YB-1 C-terminal domain (CTD), and/or the protein partners of YB-1 may play a key role in activation/inactivation of mRNPs in the cells notably in response to cellular stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Hamon
- SABNP, UnivEvry, INSERM U1204, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, 91025, France.
| | - Karina Budkina
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - David Pastré
- SABNP, UnivEvry, INSERM U1204, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, 91025, France.
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14
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Budkina K, El Hage K, Clément MJ, Desforges B, Bouhss A, Joshi V, Maucuer A, Hamon L, Ovchinnikov LP, Lyabin DN, Pastré D. YB-1 unwinds mRNA secondary structures in vitro and negatively regulates stress granule assembly in HeLa cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:10061-10081. [PMID: 34469566 PMCID: PMC8464072 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In the absence of the scanning ribosomes that unwind mRNA coding sequences and 5'UTRs, mRNAs are likely to form secondary structures and intermolecular bridges. Intermolecular base pairing of non polysomal mRNAs is involved in stress granule (SG) assembly when the pool of mRNAs freed from ribosomes increases during cellular stress. Here, we unravel the structural mechanisms by which a major partner of dormant mRNAs, YB-1 (YBX1), unwinds mRNA secondary structures without ATP consumption by using its conserved cold-shock domain to destabilize RNA stem/loops and its unstructured C-terminal domain to secure RNA unwinding. At endogenous levels, YB-1 facilitates SG disassembly during arsenite stress recovery. In addition, overexpression of wild-type YB-1 and to a lesser extent unwinding-defective mutants inhibit SG assembly in HeLa cells. Through its mRNA-unwinding activity, YB-1 may thus inhibit SG assembly in cancer cells and package dormant mRNA in an unfolded state, thus preparing mRNAs for translation initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Budkina
- SABNP, Univ Evry, INSERM U1204, Université Paris-Saclay, 91025 Evry, France.,Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, 142290, Russian Federation
| | - Krystel El Hage
- SABNP, Univ Evry, INSERM U1204, Université Paris-Saclay, 91025 Evry, France
| | | | | | - Ahmed Bouhss
- SABNP, Univ Evry, INSERM U1204, Université Paris-Saclay, 91025 Evry, France
| | - Vandana Joshi
- SABNP, Univ Evry, INSERM U1204, Université Paris-Saclay, 91025 Evry, France
| | - Alexandre Maucuer
- SABNP, Univ Evry, INSERM U1204, Université Paris-Saclay, 91025 Evry, France
| | - Loic Hamon
- SABNP, Univ Evry, INSERM U1204, Université Paris-Saclay, 91025 Evry, France
| | - Lev P Ovchinnikov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, 142290, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry N Lyabin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, 142290, Russian Federation
| | - David Pastré
- SABNP, Univ Evry, INSERM U1204, Université Paris-Saclay, 91025 Evry, France
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15
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Stojanovska V, Shah A, Woidacki K, Fischer F, Bauer M, Lindquist JA, Mertens PR, Zenclussen AC. YB-1 Is Altered in Pregnancy-Associated Disorders and Affects Trophoblast in Vitro Properties via Alternation of Multiple Molecular Traits. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137226. [PMID: 34281280 PMCID: PMC8269420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold shock Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) coordinates several molecular processes between the nucleus and the cytoplasm and plays a crucial role in cell function. Moreover, it is involved in cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis. As trophoblast cells share similar characteristics with cancer cells, we hypothesized that YB-1 might also be necessary for trophoblast functionality. In samples of patients with intrauterine growth restriction, YB-1 mRNA levels were decreased, while they were increased in preeclampsia and unchanged in spontaneous abortions when compared to normal pregnant controls. Studies with overexpression and downregulation of YB-1 were performed to assess the key trophoblast processes in two trophoblast cell lines HTR8/SVneo and JEG3. Overexpression of YB-1 or exposure of trophoblast cells to recombinant YB-1 caused enhanced proliferation, while knockdown of YB-1 lead to proliferative disadvantage in JEG3 or HTR8/SVneo cells. The invasion and migration properties were affected at different degrees among the trophoblast cell lines. Trophoblast expression of genes mediating migration, invasion, apoptosis, and inflammation was altered upon YB-1 downregulation. Moreover, IL-6 secretion was excessively increased in HTR8/SVneo. Ultimately, YB-1 directly binds to NF-κB enhancer mark in HTR8/SVneo cells. Our data show that YB-1 protein is important for trophoblast cell functioning and, when downregulated, leads to trophoblast disadvantage that at least in part is mediated by NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Stojanovska
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ-, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (F.F.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (A.C.Z.)
| | - Aneri Shah
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.S.); (J.A.L.); (P.R.M.)
| | - Katja Woidacki
- Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Florence Fischer
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ-, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (F.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Mario Bauer
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ-, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (F.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Jonathan A. Lindquist
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.S.); (J.A.L.); (P.R.M.)
| | - Peter R. Mertens
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.S.); (J.A.L.); (P.R.M.)
| | - Ana C. Zenclussen
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ-, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (F.F.); (M.B.)
- Perinatal Immunology, Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (A.C.Z.)
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16
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Lettau K, Khozooei S, Kosnopfel C, Zips D, Schittek B, Toulany M. Targeting the Y-box Binding Protein-1 Axis to Overcome Radiochemotherapy Resistance in Solid Tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 111:1072-1087. [PMID: 34166770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Multifunctional Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) is highly expressed in different human solid tumors and is involved in various cellular processes. DNA damage is the major mechanism by which radiochemotherapy (RCT) induces cell death. On induction of DNA damage, a multicomponent signal transduction network, known as the DNA damage response, is activated to induce cell cycle arrest and initiate DNA repair, which protects cells against damage. YB-1 regulates nearly all cancer hallmarks described to date by participating in DNA damage response, gene transcription, mRNA splicing, translation, and tumor stemness. YB-1 lacks kinase activity, and p90 ribosomal S6 kinase and AKT are the key kinases within the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathways that directly activate YB-1. Thus, the molecular targeting of ribosomal S6 kinase and AKT is thought to be the most effective strategy for blocking the cellular function of YB-1 in human solid tumors. In this review, after describing the prosurvival effect of YB-1 with a focus on DNA damage repair and cancer cell stemness, clinical evidence will be provided indicating an inverse correlation between YB-1 expression and the treatment outcome of solid tumors after RCT. In the interest of being concise, YB-1 signaling cascades will be briefly discussed and the current literature on YB-1 posttranslational modifications will be summarized. Finally, the current status of targeting the YB-1 axis, especially in combination with RCT, will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstanze Lettau
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shayan Khozooei
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Corinna Kosnopfel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Zips
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatooncology, Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Toulany
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany.
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17
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Rai A, Greening DW, Xu R, Suwakulsiri W, Simpson RJ. Exosomes Derived from the Human Primary Colorectal Cancer Cell Line SW480 Orchestrate Fibroblast-Led Cancer Invasion. Proteomics 2021; 20:e2000016. [PMID: 32438511 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In localized tumors, basement membrane (BM) prevents invasive outgrowth of tumor cells into surrounding tissues. When carcinomas become invasive, cancer cells either degrade BM or reprogram stromal fibroblasts to breach BM barrier and lead invasion of cancer cells into surrounding tissues in a process called fibroblast-led invasion. However, tumor-derived factors orchestrating fibroblast-led invasion remain poorly understood. Here it is shown that although early-stage primary colorectal adenocarcinoma (SW480) cells are themselves unable to invade Matrigel matrix, they secrete exosomes that reprogram normal fibroblasts to acquire de novo capacity to invade matrix and lead invasion of SW480 cells. Strikingly, cancer cells follow leading fibroblasts as collective epithelial-clusters, thereby circumventing need for epithelial to mesenchymal transition, a key event associated with invasion. Moreover, acquisition of pro-invasive phenotype by fibroblasts treated with SW480-derived exosomes relied on exosome-mediated MAPK pathway activation. Mass spectrometry-based protein profiling reveals that cancer exosomes upregulate fibroblasts proteins implicated in focal adhesion (ITGA2/A6/AV, ITGB1/B4/B5, EGFR, CRK), regulators of actin cytoskeleton (RAC1, ARF1, ARPC3, CYFIP1, NCKAP1, ICAM1, ERM complex), and signalling pathways (MAPK, Rap1, RAC1, Ras) important in pro-invasive remodeling of extracellular matrix. Blocking tumor exosome-mediated signaling to fibroblasts therefore represents an attractive therapeutic strategy in restraining tumors by perturbing stroma-driven invasive outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alin Rai
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia.,Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - David W Greening
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia.,Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Wittaya Suwakulsiri
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
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18
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Piperigkou Z, Kyriakopoulou K, Koutsakis C, Mastronikolis S, Karamanos NK. Key Matrix Remodeling Enzymes: Functions and Targeting in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1441. [PMID: 33809973 PMCID: PMC8005147 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue functionality and integrity demand continuous changes in distribution of major components in the extracellular matrices (ECMs) under normal conditions aiming tissue homeostasis. Major matrix degrading proteolytic enzymes are matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), plasminogen activators, atypical proteases such as intracellular cathepsins and glycolytic enzymes including heparanase and hyaluronidases. Matrix proteases evoke epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and regulate ECM turnover under normal procedures as well as cancer cell phenotype, motility, invasion, autophagy, angiogenesis and exosome formation through vital signaling cascades. ECM remodeling is also achieved by glycolytic enzymes that are essential for cancer cell survival, proliferation and tumor progression. In this article, the types of major matrix remodeling enzymes, their effects in cancer initiation, propagation and progression as well as their pharmacological targeting and ongoing clinical trials are presented and critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 265 04 Patras, Greece; (K.K.); (C.K.)
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), 265 04 Patras, Greece
| | - Konstantina Kyriakopoulou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 265 04 Patras, Greece; (K.K.); (C.K.)
| | - Christos Koutsakis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 265 04 Patras, Greece; (K.K.); (C.K.)
| | | | - Nikos K. Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 265 04 Patras, Greece; (K.K.); (C.K.)
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), 265 04 Patras, Greece
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19
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Fabbiano F, Corsi J, Gurrieri E, Trevisan C, Notarangelo M, D'Agostino VG. RNA packaging into extracellular vesicles: An orchestra of RNA-binding proteins? J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 10:e12043. [PMID: 33391635 PMCID: PMC7769857 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous membranous particles released from the cells through different biogenetic and secretory mechanisms. We now conceive EVs as shuttles mediating cellular communication, carrying a variety of molecules resulting from intracellular homeostatic mechanisms. The RNA is a widely detected cargo and, impressively, a recognized functional intermediate that elects EVs as modulators of cancer cell phenotypes, determinants of disease spreading, cell surrogates in regenerative medicine, and a source for non-invasive molecular diagnostics. The mechanistic elucidation of the intracellular events responsible for the engagement of RNA into EVs will significantly improve the comprehension and possibly the prediction of EV "quality" in association with cell physiology. Interestingly, the application of multidisciplinary approaches, including biochemical as well as cell-based and computational strategies, is increasingly revealing an active RNA-packaging process implicating RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in the sorting of coding and non-coding RNAs. In this review, we provide a comprehensive view of RBPs recently emerging as part of the EV biology, considering the scenarios where: (i) individual RBPs were detected in EVs along with their RNA substrates, (ii) RBPs were detected in EVs with inferred RNA targets, and (iii) EV-transcripts were found to harbour sequence motifs mirroring the activity of RBPs. Proteins so far identified are members of the hnRNP family (hnRNPA2B1, hnRNPC1, hnRNPG, hnRNPH1, hnRNPK, and hnRNPQ), as well as YBX1, HuR, AGO2, IGF2BP1, MEX3C, ANXA2, ALIX, NCL, FUS, TDP-43, MVP, LIN28, SRP9/14, QKI, and TERT. We describe the RBPs based on protein domain features, current knowledge on the association with human diseases, recognition of RNA consensus motifs, and the need to clarify the functional significance in different cellular contexts. We also summarize data on previously identified RBP inhibitor small molecules that could also be introduced in EV research as potential modulators of vesicular RNA sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Fabbiano
- Department of CellularComputational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Jessica Corsi
- Department of CellularComputational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Elena Gurrieri
- Department of CellularComputational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Caterina Trevisan
- Department of CellularComputational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Michela Notarangelo
- Department of CellularComputational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Vito G. D'Agostino
- Department of CellularComputational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
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20
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Sinha D, Saha P, Samanta A, Bishayee A. Emerging Concepts of Hybrid Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Progression. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1561. [PMID: 33207810 PMCID: PMC7697085 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex process through which epithelial (E) cells lose their adherens junctions, transform into mesenchymal (M) cells and attain motility, leading to metastasis at distant organs. Nowadays, the concept of EMT has shifted from a binary phase of interconversion of pure E to M cells and vice versa to a spectrum of E/M transition states preferably coined as hybrid/partial/intermediate EMT. Hybrid EMT, being a plastic transient state, harbours cells which co-express both E and M markers and exhibit high tumourigenic properties, leading to stemness, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Several preclinical and clinical studies provided the evidence of co-existence of E/M phenotypes. Regulators including transcription factors, epigenetic regulators and phenotypic stability factors (PSFs) help in maintaining the hybrid state. Computational and bioinformatics approaches may be excellent for identifying new factors or combinations of regulatory elements that govern the different EMT transition states. Therapeutic intervention against hybrid E/M cells, though few, may evolve as a rational strategy against metastasis and drug resistance. This review has attempted to present the recent advancements on the concept and regulation of the process of hybrid EMT which generates hybrid E/M phenotypes, evidence of intermediate EMT in both preclinical and clinical setup, impact of partial EMT on promoting tumourigenesis, and future strategies which might be adapted to tackle this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dona Sinha
- Department of Receptor Biology and Tumour Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700 026, India; (P.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Priyanka Saha
- Department of Receptor Biology and Tumour Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700 026, India; (P.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Anurima Samanta
- Department of Receptor Biology and Tumour Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700 026, India; (P.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
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21
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Y-Box Binding Protein 1 Expression in Trophoblast Cells Promotes Fetal and Placental Development. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091942. [PMID: 32842598 PMCID: PMC7563187 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is pivotal for the regulation of cancerogenesis and inflammation. However, its involvement in pregnancy processes such as fetal and placental development remains to be elucidated. We studied Ybx1 (YB-1)+/− heterozygous intercrossings and compared them to YB-1+/+ wild-type (WT) combinations. Additionally, we generated trophoblast-specific YB-1-deficient mice by pairing FVB Cyp19-Cre females to YB-1fl/fl males. YB-1fl/fl-paired FVB WT females served as controls. Serial in vivo ultrasound measurements were performed to assess fetal and placental parameters. After sacrificing the females, implantation and abortion rates were recorded, spiral artery (SA) remodeling was analyzed and fetal and placental weights were determined. Compared to YB-1+/+ counterparts, YB-1+/− females showed reduced implantation areas at gestation day (GD)10, insufficiently remodeled SAs at GD12, increased placental diameter/thickness ratios at GD14 and reduced placental and fetal weights at GD14. Compared to WT, Cyp19-Cre females with YB-1-deficient placentas showed reduced implantation areas at GD8, 10 and 12; decreased placental areas and diameters at GD10 and 12; diminished placental thicknesses at GD12; as well as reduced placental weights at GD12 and 14. In conclusion, our data suggest haploinsufficiency of YB-1 resulting in disturbed fetal and placental development. Moreover, we provide the first evidence for the relevance of trophoblast-specific YB-1 for placentation.
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22
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N-glycosylation of the human β1,4-galactosyltransferase 4 is crucial for its activity and Golgi localization. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:577-588. [PMID: 32827291 PMCID: PMC7501111 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09941-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
β1,4-galactosyltransferase 4 (B4GalT4) is one of seven B4GalTs that belong to CAZy glycosyltransferase family 7 and transfer galactose to growing sugar moieties of proteins, glycolipids, glycosaminoglycans as well as single sugar for lactose synthesis. Herein, we identify two asparagine-linked glycosylation sites in B4GalT4. We found that mutation of one site (Asn220) had greater impact on enzymatic activity while another (Asn335) on Golgi localization and presence of N-glycans at both sites is required for production of stable and enzymatically active protein and its secretion. Additionally, we confirm B4GalT4 involvement in synthesis of keratan sulfate (KS) by generating A375 B4GalT4 knock-out cell lines that show drastic decrease in the amount of KS proteoglycans and no significant structural changes in N- and O-glycans. We show that KS decrease in A375 cells deficient in B4GalT4 activity can be rescued by overproduction of either partially or fully glycosylated B4GalT4 but not with N-glycan-depleted B4GalT4 version.
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23
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Bates M, Boland A, McDermott N, Marignol L. YB-1: The key to personalised prostate cancer management? Cancer Lett 2020; 490:66-75. [PMID: 32681926 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Y-box-binding protein 1 (YB-1) is a DNA/RNA binding protein increasingly implicated in the regulation of cancer cell biology. Normally located in the cytoplasm, nuclear localisation in prostate cancer is associated with more aggressive, potentially treatment-resistant disease. This is attributed to the ability of YB-1 to act as a transcription factor for various target genes associated with androgen receptor signalling, survival, DNA repair, proliferation, invasion, differentiation, angiogenesis and hypoxia. This review aims to examine the clinical potential of YB-1 in the detection and therapeutic management of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bates
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology Group, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Anna Boland
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology Group, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Niamh McDermott
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology Group, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Laure Marignol
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology Group, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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24
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Xu R, Greening DW, Chen M, Rai A, Ji H, Takahashi N, Simpson RJ. Surfaceome of Exosomes Secreted from the Colorectal Cancer Cell Line SW480: Peripheral and Integral Membrane Proteins Analyzed by Proteolysis and TX114. Proteomics 2020; 19:e1700453. [PMID: 30865381 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are important bidirectional cell-cell communicators in normal and pathological physiology. Although exosomal surface membrane proteins (surfaceome) enable target cell recognition and are an attractive source of disease marker, they are poorly understood. Here, a comprehensive surfaceome analysis of exosomes secreted by the colorectal cancer cell line SW480 is described. Sodium carbonate extraction/Triton X-114 phase separation and mild proteolysis (proteinase K, PK) of intact exosomes is used in combination with label-free quantitative mass spectrometry to identify 1025 exosomal proteins of which 208 are predicted to be integral membrane proteins (IMPs) according to TOPCONS and GRAVY scores. Interrogation of UniProt database-annotated proteins reveals 124 predicted peripherally-associated membrane proteins (PMPs). Surprisingly, 108 RNA-binding proteins (RBPs)/RNA nucleoproteins (RNPs) are found in the carbonate/Triton X-114 insoluble fraction. Mild PK treatment of SW480-GFP labeled exosomes reveal 58 proteolytically cleaved IMPs and 14 exoplasmic PMPs (e.g., CLU/GANAB/LGALS3BP). Interestingly, 18 RBPs/RNPs (e.g., EIF3L/RPL6) appear bound to the outer exosome surface since they are sensitive to PK proteolysis. The finding that outer surface-localized miRNA Let-7a-5p is RNase A-resistant, but degraded by a combination of RNase A/PK treatment suggests exosomal miRNA species also reside on the outer surface of exosomes bound to RBPs/RNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - David W Greening
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Maoshan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Alin Rai
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Hong Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Nobuhiro Takahashi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu City, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.,Global Innovation Research Organization, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu City, Tokyo, 183-8538, Japan
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia.,Global Innovation Research Organization, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu City, Tokyo, 183-8538, Japan
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25
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Yang F, Chen S, He S, Huo Q, Hu Y, Xie N. YB-1 interplays with ERα to regulate the stemness and differentiation of ER-positive breast cancer stem cells. Theranostics 2020; 10:3816-3832. [PMID: 32206124 PMCID: PMC7069074 DOI: 10.7150/thno.41014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Some stemness-associated transcription factors consistently play essential roles in the maintenance of pluripotency or induce the differentiation of cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, the regulatory mechanism of CSC stemness mediated by transcription factors has not been extensively explored. Here, we show that two transcription factors (YB-1 and ERα), which are simultaneously highly expressed in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive CSCs, interact with each other to regulate the stemness and differentiation of ER-positive CSCs. Methods: The expression of YB-1 was examined in ER-positive CSCs and patient specimens. Western blot, real-time PCR, cell viability analysis, tumorsphere formation assay and subcutaneous tumorigenesis assays were used to study the stemness functions of YB-1 and ERα in CSCs. The relationship between YB-1 and ERα in cells was studied by promoter activity analysis, the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and the Co-IP assay. The mechanisms and functional significance of YB-1 in the sensitivity of CSCs to tamoxifen were further investigated with both in vitro and in vivo models. Results: YB-1 was aberrantly upregulated in the cancerous tissue of ER-positive breast cancer patients and in CSCs. Knockdown of YB-1 in ER-positive CSCs significantly inhibited cell stemness and induced differentiation, and the expression of YB-1 could be regulated by estrogen signaling and ERα in ER-positive breast CSCs. The Co-IP results showed that YB-1 interacted directly with ERα specifically in ER-positive non-CSCs and that YB-1 induced ERα degradation by ubiquitination via direct interaction in differentiated cells. Cell differentiation induced by FBS could inhibit YB-1 phosphorylation and promote YB-1 protein transfer from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Moreover, cell differentiation induced by targeting inhibited the expression of YB-1 in ER-positive CSCs, which increased the sensitivity of cells to tamoxifen in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: The ERα/YB-1 axis has an important role in the regulation of ER-positive breast cancer stemness. The dephosphorylation of YB-1 and the interaction between YB-1 and ERα may be the switch that initiates the differentiation of ER-positive CSCs. Targeting YB-1 to sensitize ER-positive CSCs to antiestrogen therapy might represent a new therapeutic strategy that warrants further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen institute of advanced technology, Chinese academy of sciences, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengnan He
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Huo
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Hu
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Ni Xie
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
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26
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Evans J, Rai A, Nguyen HPT, Poh QH, Elglass K, Simpson RJ, Salamonsen LA, Greening DW. Human Endometrial Extracellular Vesicles Functionally Prepare Human Trophectoderm Model for Implantation: Understanding Bidirectional Maternal-Embryo Communication. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800423. [PMID: 31531940 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Embryo implantation into maternal endometrium is critical for initiation and establishment of pregnancy, requiring developmental synchrony between endometrium and blastocyst. However, factors regulating human endometrial-embryo cross talk and facilitate implantation remain largely unknown. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as important mediators of this process. Here, a trophectoderm spheroid-based in vitro model mimicking the pre-implantation human embryo is used to recapitulate important functional aspects of blastocyst implantation. Functionally, human endometrial EVs, derived from hormonally treated cells synchronous with implantation, are readily internalized by trophectoderm cells, regulating adhesive and invasive capacity of human trophectoderm spheroids. To gain molecular insights into mechanisms underpinning endometrial EV-mediated enhancement of implantation, quantitative proteomics reveal critical alterations in trophectoderm cellular adhesion networks (cell adhesion molecule binding, cell-cell adhesion mediator activity, and cell adherens junctions) and metabolic and gene expression networks, and the soluble secretome from human trophectodermal spheroids. Importantly, transfer of endometrial EV cargo proteins to trophectoderm to mediate changes in trophectoderm function is demonstrated. This is highlighted by correlation among endometrial EVs, the trophectodermal proteome following EV uptake, and EV-mediated trophectodermal cellular proteome, important for implantation. This work provides an understanding into molecular mechanisms of endometrial EV-mediated regulation of human trophectoderm functions-fundamental in understanding human endometrium-embryo signaling during implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemma Evans
- Endometrial Remodelling Laboratory, Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Alin Rai
- Molecular Proteomics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Hong P T Nguyen
- Endometrial Remodelling Laboratory, Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Qi Hui Poh
- Molecular Proteomics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Kirstin Elglass
- Endometrial Remodelling Laboratory, Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Lois A Salamonsen
- Endometrial Remodelling Laboratory, Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.,Departments of Physiology and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - David W Greening
- Molecular Proteomics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
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27
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Johnson TG, Schelch K, Mehta S, Burgess A, Reid G. Why Be One Protein When You Can Affect Many? The Multiple Roles of YB-1 in Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:221. [PMID: 31632972 PMCID: PMC6781797 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancers and malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) have some of the worst 5-year survival rates of all cancer types, primarily due to a lack of effective treatment options for most patients. Targeted therapies have shown some promise in thoracic cancers, although efficacy is limited only to patients harboring specific mutations or target expression. Although a number of actionable mutations have now been identified, a large population of thoracic cancer patients have no therapeutic options outside of first-line chemotherapy. It is therefore crucial to identify alternative targets that might lead to the development of new ways of treating patients diagnosed with these diseases. The multifunctional oncoprotein Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) could serve as one such target. Recent studies also link this protein to many inherent behaviors of thoracic cancer cells such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis and involvement in cancer stem-like cells. Here, we review the regulation of YB-1 at the transcriptional, translational, post-translational and sub-cellular levels in thoracic cancer and discuss its potential use as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Johnson
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Cell Division Laboratory, The ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karin Schelch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sunali Mehta
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Burgess
- Cell Division Laboratory, The ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glen Reid
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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28
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Zeng X, Liu Y, Zhu H, Chen D, Hu W. Downregulation of miR-216a-5p by long noncoding RNA PVT1 suppresses colorectal cancer progression via modulation of YBX1 expression. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:6981-6993. [PMID: 31440087 PMCID: PMC6664428 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s208983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Increasing evidence has demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. MiR-216a-5p, located at 2p16.1, has been shown to suppress proliferation of cancerous cells. However, its expression and function in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. Materials and methods The significance of miR-216a-5p in CRC was studied by analyzing miR-216a-5p expression in CRC tissues and its association with clinicopathological parameters. CRC cells, stably overexpressing miR-216a-5p, were evaluated for cell proliferation and metastasis using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and transwell assay methods. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway was analyzed by Western blotting. Bioinformatics, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and luciferase reporter assay were performed to define the regulation of PVT1/miR-216a-5p/Y Box Binding Protein 1 (YBX1) axis in CRC. Results The expression of miR-216a-5p was found to be significantly downregulated in CRC and was correlated with the various stages and differentiation degree of the tumors. Moreover, the overexpression of miR-216a-5p could significantly inhibit the tumor growth, metastasis, and EMT progression in CRC. Furthermore, the expression of miR-216a-5p was negatively correlated with the expression of PVT1, and PVT1 could reverse tumor suppressive effect of miR-216a-5p in CRC cells. Finally, YBX1 might be the key target of PVT1/miR-216a-5p axis in CRC. Conclusion Downregulation of miR-216a-5p by PVT1 could suppress CRC progression via modulating YBX1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zeng
- Gastrointesitinal Oncosurgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women's and Children's Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongquan Zhu
- Gastrointesitinal Oncosurgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Chen
- Gastrointesitinal Oncosurgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weimin Hu
- Gastrointesitinal Oncosurgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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29
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Emmanouilidi A, Paladin D, Greening DW, Falasca M. Oncogenic and Non‐Malignant Pancreatic Exosome Cargo Reveal Distinct Expression of Oncogenic and Prognostic Factors Involved in Tumor Invasion and Metastasis. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800158. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Emmanouilidi
- Metabolic SignalingSchool of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesCurtin Health Innovation Research InstituteCurtin University 6102 Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Dino Paladin
- Metabolic SignalingSchool of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesCurtin Health Innovation Research InstituteCurtin University 6102 Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - David W. Greening
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteDepartment of Biochemistry and GeneticsLa Trobe Institute for Molecular ScienceLa Trobe University 3086 Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Marco Falasca
- Metabolic SignalingSchool of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesCurtin Health Innovation Research InstituteCurtin University 6102 Perth Western Australia Australia
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30
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Nasiri Kenari A, Kastaniegaard K, Greening DW, Shambrook M, Stensballe A, Cheng L, Hill AF. Proteomic and Post-Translational Modification Profiling of Exosome-Mimetic Nanovesicles Compared to Exosomes. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800161. [PMID: 30790448 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Issues associated with upscaling exosome production for therapeutic use may be overcome through utilizing artificial exosomes. Cell-derived mimetic nanovesicles (M-NVs) are a potentially promising alternative to exosomes for clinical applicability, demonstrating higher yield without incumbent production and isolation issues. Although several studies have shown that M-NVs have similar morphology, size and therapeutic potential compared to exosomes, comprehensive characterization and to what extent M-NVs components mimic exosomes remain elusive. M-NVs were generated through the extrusion of cells and proteomic profiling demonstrated an enrichment of proteins associated with membrane and cytosolic components. The proteomic data herein reveal a subset of proteins that are highly abundant in M-NVs in comparison to exosomes. M-NVs contain proteins that largely represent the parental cell proteome, whereas the profile of exosomal proteins highlight their endosomally derived origin. This advantage of M-NVs alleviates the necessity of endosomal sorting of endogenous therapeutic proteins or RNA into exosomes. This study also highlights differences in protein post-translational modifications among M-NVs, as distinct from exosomes. Overall this study provides key insights into defining the proteome composition of M-NVs as a distinct from exosomes, and the potential advantage of M-NVs as an alternative nanocarrier when spontaneous endosomal sorting of therapeutics are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirmohammad Nasiri Kenari
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Kenneth Kastaniegaard
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
| | - David W Greening
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Mitch Shambrook
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Allan Stensballe
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
| | - Lesley Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Andrew F Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia
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Hasan AA, von Websky K, Reichetzeder C, Tsuprykov O, Gaballa MMS, Guo J, Zeng S, Delić D, Tammen H, Klein T, Kleuser B, Hocher B. Mechanisms of GLP-1 receptor-independent renoprotective effects of the dipeptidyl peptidase type 4 inhibitor linagliptin in GLP-1 receptor knockout mice with 5/6 nephrectomy. Kidney Int 2019; 95:1373-1388. [PMID: 30979564 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase type 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors were reported to have beneficial effects in experimental models of chronic kidney disease. The underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. However, these effects could be mediated via the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)/GLP-1 receptor (GLP1R) pathway. Here we investigated the renal effects of the DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin in Glp1r-/- knock out and wild-type mice with 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx). Mice were allocated to groups: sham+wild type+placebo; 5/6Nx+ wild type+placebo; 5/6Nx+wild type+linagliptin; sham+knock out+placebo; 5/6Nx+knock out+ placebo; 5/6Nx+knock out+linagliptin. 5/6Nx caused the development of renal interstitial fibrosis, significantly increased plasma cystatin C and creatinine levels and suppressed renal gelatinase/collagenase, matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -13 activities; effects counteracted by linagliptin treatment in wildtype and Glp1r-/- mice. Two hundred ninety-eight proteomics signals were differentially regulated in kidneys among the groups, with 150 signals specific to linagliptin treatment as shown by mass spectrometry. Treatment significantly upregulated three peptides derived from collagen alpha-1(I), thymosin β4 and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (HNRNPA1) and significantly downregulated one peptide derived from Y box binding protein-1 (YB-1). The proteomics results were further confirmed using western blot and immunofluorescence microscopy. Also, 5/6Nx led to significant up-regulation of renal transforming growth factor-β1 and pSMAD3 expression in wild type mice and linagliptin significantly counteracted this up-regulation in wild type and Glp1r-/- mice. Thus, the renoprotective effects of linagliptin cannot solely be attributed to the GLP-1/GLP1R pathway, highlighting the importance of other signaling pathways (collagen I homeostasis, HNRNPA1, YB-1, thymosin β4 and TGF-β1) influenced by DPP-4 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Hasan
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; UP Transfer GmbH, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Karoline von Websky
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Reichetzeder
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; UP Transfer GmbH, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oleg Tsuprykov
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité, Berlin, Germany; IFLB GmbH, Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mohamed M S Gaballa
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt
| | - Jingli Guo
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shufei Zeng
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Denis Delić
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Klein
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Berthold Hocher
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; LADR GmbH Neuruppin MVZ, Neuruppin, Germany; Department of Basic Medicine, Medical college of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
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32
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Rai A, Greening DW, Chen M, Xu R, Ji H, Simpson RJ. Exosomes Derived from Human Primary and Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Cells Contribute to Functional Heterogeneity of Activated Fibroblasts by Reprogramming Their Proteome. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800148. [PMID: 30582284 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a heterogeneous population of activated fibroblasts that constitute a dominant cellular component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) performing distinct functions. Here, the role of tumor-derived exosomes (Exos) in activating quiescent fibroblasts into distinct functional subtypes is investigated. Proteomic profiling and functional dissection reveal that early- (SW480) and late-stage (SW620) colorectal cancer (CRC) cell-derived Exos both activated normal quiescent fibroblasts (α-SMA- , CAV+ , FAP+ , VIM+ ) into CAF-like fibroblasts (α-SMA+ , CAV- , FAP+ , VIM+ ). Fibroblasts activated by early-stage cancer-exosomes (SW480-Exos) are highly pro-proliferative and pro-angiogenic and display elevated expression of pro-angiogenic (IL8, RAB10, NDRG1) and pro-proliferative (SA1008, FFPS) proteins. In contrast, fibroblasts activated by late-stage cancer-exosomes (SW620-Exos) display a striking ability to invade through extracellular matrix through upregulation of pro-invasive regulators of membrane protrusion (PDLIM1, MYO1B) and matrix-remodeling proteins (MMP11, EMMPRIN, ADAM10). Conserved features of Exos-mediated fibroblast activation include enhanced ECM secretion (COL1A1, Tenascin-C/X), oncogenic transformation, and metabolic reprogramming (downregulation of CAV-1, upregulation of glycogen metabolism (GAA), amino acid biosynthesis (SHMT2, IDH2) and membrane transporters of glucose (GLUT1), lactate (MCT4), and amino acids (SLC1A5/3A5)). This study highlights the role of primary and metastatic CRC tumor-derived Exos in generating phenotypically and functionally distinct subsets of CAFs that may facilitate tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alin Rai
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David W Greening
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maoshan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hong Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Zavan L, Bitto NJ, Johnston EL, Greening DW, Kaparakis-Liaskos M. Helicobacter pylori Growth Stage Determines the Size, Protein Composition, and Preferential Cargo Packaging of Outer Membrane Vesicles. Proteomics 2018; 19:e1800209. [PMID: 30488570 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria release outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) as part of their normal growth that contain a range of cargo from their parent bacterium, including DNA, RNA, and proteins. The protein content of OMVs is suggested to be similar in composition to various sub-cellular locations of their parent bacterium. However, very little is known regarding the effect of bacterial growth stage on the size, content, and selective packaging of proteins into OMVs. In this study, the global proteome of Helicobacter pylori and their OMVs throughout bacterial growth are examined to determine if bacterial growth stage affected OMV cargo composition. Analysis of OMVs produced by H. pylori reveals that bacterial growth stage affects the size, composition, and selection of protein cargo into OMVs. Proteomic analysis identifies that the proteome of H. pylori OMVs is vastly different throughout bacterial growth and that OMVs contain a range of proteins compared to their parent bacteria. In addition, bacterial growth stage affects the ability of OMVs to induce the production of IL-8 by human epithelial cells. Therefore, the findings identify that the size, proteome, and immunogenicity of OMVs produced during various stages of bacterial growth is not comparable. Collectively, these findings highlight the importance of considering the bacterial growth stage from which OMVs are isolated, as this will impact their size, protein composition, and ultimately their biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Zavan
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Natalie J Bitto
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Ella L Johnston
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - David W Greening
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia.,Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Maria Kaparakis-Liaskos
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia.,Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
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Suwakulsiri W, Rai A, Xu R, Chen M, Greening DW, Simpson RJ. Proteomic profiling reveals key cancer progression modulators in shed microvesicles released from isogenic human primary and metastatic colorectal cancer cell lines. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2018; 1867:140171. [PMID: 30502510 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles comprise two main classes - exosomes and shed microvesicles (sMVs). Whilst much is known about exosome cargo content and functionality, sMVs are poorly understood. Here, we describe the large-scale purification of sMVs released from primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) human isogenic colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines using a combination of differential ultracentrifugation and isopycnic iodixanol density centrifugation. The yield of SW480-sMVs and SW620-sMVs was 0.75 mg and 0.80 mg, respectively. Both SW480-/SW620-sMVs are heterogeneous in size (100-600 nm diameter) and exhibit identical buoyant densities (1.10 g/mL). In contrast to exosomes, sMVs are ALIX-, TSG101-, CD63- and CD9-. Quantitative mass spectrometry identified 1295 and 1300 proteins in SW480-sMVs and SW620-sMVs, respectively. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis identified 'cell adhesion' (CDH1, OCLN, CTN families), 'signalling pathway' (KRAS, NRAS, MAPK1, MAP2K1), and 'translation/RNA related' processes (EIF, RPL, HNRNP families) in both sMV types. Strikingly, SW480- and SW620-sMVs exhibit distinct protein signatures - SW480-sMVs being enriched in ITGA/B, ANXA1, CLDN7, CD44 and EGFR/NOTCH signalling networks, while SW620-sMVs are enriched in PRKCA, MACC1, FGFR4 and MTOR/MARCKS signalling networks. Both SW480- and SW620-sMVs are taken up by NIH3T3 fibroblasts resulting in similar cell invasion capability. This study provides, for the first time, molecular insights into sMVs and CRC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wittaya Suwakulsiri
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Alin Rai
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Maoshan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - David W Greening
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
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Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small particles that mediate intercellular communications in local and distant microenvironments. Due to their ability to carry bioactive materials such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, and to transfer their cargo into target cells, EVs are thought to be crucial mediators under pathological and physiological conditions. Recent investigations of their protein profiles have revealed the presence of metalloproteinases such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in EVs from various cell types and body fluids. Although information regarding the biological and clinical significance of MMPs in EVs is still limited, EV-associated MMPs can alter EV cargo by ectodomain shedding, exerting proteolytic activity following uptake by target cells, or directly contributing to degradation of extracellular matrix proteins surrounding cells. This review focuses on recent findings regarding EV-associated MMPs, and we further discuss their potential involvement in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Shimoda
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Kosnopfel C, Sinnberg T, Sauer B, Busch C, Niessner H, Schmitt A, Forchhammer S, Grimmel C, Mertens PR, Hailfinger S, Dunn SE, Garbe C, Schittek B. YB-1 Expression and Phosphorylation Regulate Tumorigenicity and Invasiveness in Melanoma by Influencing EMT. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:1149-1160. [PMID: 29743296 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma represents one of the most aggressive human tumor entities possessing a high tendency to metastasize. Cancer cells frequently exploit a highly conserved developmental program, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), to gain migratory and invasive properties promoting their metastatic spread. Cytoplasmic localization of the oncogenic transcription and translation factor Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is a powerful inducer of EMT in breast carcinoma cells. Interestingly, EMT-like processes have also been observed in cutaneous melanoma despite its neural crest origin. Here, increased expression of YB-1 negatively affects patient survival in malignant melanoma and promotes melanoma cell tumorigenicity both in vitro and in vivo Intriguingly, this effect seems to be mainly mediated by cytoplasmic YB-1 that does not exhibit phosphorylation at serine-102 (S102). Moreover, S102 unphosphorylated YB-1 enhances the migratory and invasive potential of human melanoma cells in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture systems and facilitates acquisition of a mesenchymal-like invasive phenotype in the chick embryo model. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the cytoplasmic activity of YB-1 stimulates tumorigenicity and metastatic potential of melanoma cells by promoting EMT-like properties.Implications: This study reveals for the first time that YB-1 efficiently drives tumorigenicity and invasiveness of melanoma cells in its S102 unphosphorylated cytoplasmic state and that YB-1 expression represents a negative prognostic factor in primary melanoma patients. Mol Cancer Res; 16(7); 1149-60. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Kosnopfel
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Sinnberg
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Sauer
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Busch
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Dermateam, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Heike Niessner
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schmitt
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Forchhammer
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Grimmel
- FACS Core Facility, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter R Mertens
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Hailfinger
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sandra E Dunn
- Phoenix Molecular Designs, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Claus Garbe
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Lin J, Cao S, Wang Y, Hu Y, Liu H, Li J, Chen J, Li P, Liu J, Wang Q, Zheng L. Long non-coding RNA UBE2CP3 enhances HCC cell secretion of VEGFA and promotes angiogenesis by activating ERK1/2/HIF-1α/VEGFA signalling in hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:113. [PMID: 29866133 PMCID: PMC5987644 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0727-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Angiogenesis is considered as an important process in the development of malignancies and is associated with cancer progression and metastasis. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary tumor of the liver and is recognized as a typical angiogenic tumor. Thus, it is of great importance to study the underlying mechanism of angiogenesis in HCC. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2C pseudogene 3 (UBE2CP3) has been reported as an oncogene that promotes tumor metastasis in HCC. However, the role and underlying mechanisms of UBE2CP3 in HCC angiogenesis are still unclear. Methods We measured the expression levels of UBE2CP3 by in situ hybridization (ISH) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in HCC patient samples. We also concomitantly used CD31/PAS double-staining to measure endothelial vessel (EV) density and used qRT-PCR to measure the CD31 mRNA level. HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells were transfected with Lv-UBE2CP3 or Sh-UBE2CP3 virus to obtain stably over-expressing or knocking-down UBE2CP3 cell lines. The indirect effects of UBE2CP3 on ECs were studied by establishing a co-culture system using Transwell chambers with a 0.4-μm pore size. HCC cells and ECs in the co-culture system were separated, but the cytokines and growth factors were able to communicate with each other. Following exposed to HCC cells, ECs were collected for functional studies. Finally, we studied the function of UBE2CP3 in vivo by chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) angiogenesis assays and nude mouse tumorigenicity assays. Results In this study, we found that UBE2CP3 expression was higher in HCC tissues than in para-tumor tissues and was up-regulated in tissues with high EV density. Functionally, we found that in the co-culture systems, HCC cells overexpressing UBE2CP3 promoted HUVEC proliferation, migration and tube formation via the activation of ERK/HIF-1α/p70S6K/VEGFA signalling, increasing the level of VEGFA in HCC cell supernatant. In addition, the opposite results appeared when the expression of UBE2CP3 in HCC cells was knocked down. Consistent with these results, CAM angiogenesis assays and nude mouse tumorigenicity assays showed that UBE2CP3 expression up-regulated EV density in vivo. Conclusion Our study suggests that UBE2CP3 can enhance the interaction between HCC tumor cells and HUVECs and promote HCC tumorigenicity by facilitating angiogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0727-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinduan Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shunwang Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanwei Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiehua Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jumei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
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Identification and validation a TGF-β-associated long non-coding RNA of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by bioinformatics method. J Transl Med 2018; 16:46. [PMID: 29490660 PMCID: PMC5831574 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1418-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of transforming growth factorβ (TGF-β)-induced tumor progression in advanced malignancy is well established, but the involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in TGF-β signaling remains unclear. This study aimed to identify TGF-β-associated lncRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS Expression profiling of lncRNAs was obtained using Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to analyze the expression of EPB41L4A-AS2 in HNSCC cell line. We used bioinformatics resources (DAvID) to conduct Gene Ontology biological processes and KEGG pathways at the significant level. Wound healing assay, cell migration and invasion assays, were used to examine the effects of EPB41L4A-AS2 on tumor cell metastasis in vivo. Protein levels of EPB41L4A-AS2 targets were determined by western blot. RESULTS A novel TGF-β-associated lncRNA, EPB41L4A-AS2, was found downregulated by TGF-β and associated with invasion and metastasis. The relationship of EPB41L4A-AS2 with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of HNSCC patients was evaluated. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that EPB41L4A-AS2 may be involved in processes associated with the tumor-associated signaling pathway, especially the TGF-β signaling pathway. Furthermore, a TGF-β-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) model was established. Low EPB41L4A-AS2 expression was determined, and overexpression of this gene inhibited cell migration and invasion in the EMT model. Moreover, EPB41L4A-AS2 suppressed TGFBR1 expression. CONCLUSIONS EPB41L4A-AS2 might serve as a negative regulator of TGF-β signaling and as an effective prognostic biomarker and important target in anti-metastasis therapies of HNSCC patients.
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Ma JW, Hung CM, Lin YC, Ho CT, Kao JY, Way TD. Aloe-emodin inhibits HER-2 expression through the downregulation of Y-box binding protein-1 in HER-2-overexpressing human breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:58915-58930. [PMID: 27391337 PMCID: PMC5312285 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2)-positive breast cancer tends to be aggressive, highly metastatic, and drug resistant and spreads rapidly. Studies have indicated that emodin inhibits HER-2 expression. This study compared the HER-2-inhibitory effects of two compounds extracted from rhubarb roots: aloe-emodin (AE) and rhein. Our results indicated that AE exerted the most potent inhibitory effect on HER-2 expression. Treatment of HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells with AE reduced tumor initiation, cell migration, and cell invasion. AE was able to suppress YB-1 expression, further suppressing downstream HER-2 expression. AE suppressed YB-1 expression through the inhibition of Twist in HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Our data also found that AE inhibited cancer metastasis and cancer stem cells through the inhibition of EMT. Interestingly, AE suppressed YB-1 expression through the downregulation of the intracellular integrin-linked kinase (ILK)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mTOR signaling pathway in HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. In vivo study showed the positive result of antitumor activity of AE in nude mice injected with human HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. These findings suggest the possible application of AE in the treatment of HER-2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Wen Ma
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ming Hung
- Department of General Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chao Lin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jung-Yie Kao
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Der Way
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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40
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Oyanadel C, Holmes C, Pardo E, Retamal C, Shaughnessy R, Smith P, Cortés P, Bravo-Zehnder M, Metz C, Feuerhake T, Romero D, Roa JC, Montecinos V, Soza A, González A. Galectin-8 induces partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition with invasive tumorigenic capabilities involving a FAK/EGFR/proteasome pathway in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:557-574. [PMID: 29298841 PMCID: PMC6004583 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-05-0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells can acquire invasive and tumorigenic capabilities through epithelial–mesenchymal-transition (EMT). The glycan-binding protein galectin-8 (Gal-8) activates selective β1-integrins involved in EMT and is overexpressed by certain carcinomas. Here we show that Gal-8 overexpression or exogenous addition promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion in nontumoral Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, involving focal-adhesion kinase (FAK)-mediated transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), likely triggered by α5β1integrin binding. Under subconfluent conditions, Gal-8–overexpressing MDCK cells (MDCK-Gal-8H) display hallmarks of EMT, including decreased E-cadherin and up-regulated expression of vimentin, fibronectin, and Snail, as well as increased β-catenin activity. Changes related to migration/invasion included higher expression of α5β1 integrin, extracellular matrix-degrading MMP13 and urokinase plasminogen activator/urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPA/uPAR) protease systems. Gal-8–stimulated FAK/EGFR pathway leads to proteasome overactivity characteristic of cancer cells. Yet MDCK-Gal-8H cells still develop apical/basolateral polarity reverting EMT markers and proteasome activity under confluence. This is due to the opposite segregation of Gal-8 secretion (apical) and β1-integrins distribution (basolateral). Strikingly, MDCK-Gal-8H cells acquired tumorigenic potential, as reflected in anchorage-independent growth in soft agar and tumor generation in immunodeficient NSG mice. Therefore, Gal-8 can promote oncogenic-like transformation of epithelial cells through partial and reversible EMT, accompanied by higher proliferation, migration/invasion, and tumorigenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Oyanadel
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Sebastián, 7510156 Santiago, Chile.,Fundación Ciencia y Vida, 7780272 Santiago, Chile
| | - Christopher Holmes
- Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330023 Santiago, Chile
| | - Evelyn Pardo
- Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330023 Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Retamal
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Sebastián, 7510156 Santiago, Chile.,Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330023 Santiago, Chile
| | - Ronan Shaughnessy
- Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330023 Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Smith
- Unidad de Odontología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330023 Santiago, Chile
| | - Priscilla Cortés
- Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330023 Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Bravo-Zehnder
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Sebastián, 7510156 Santiago, Chile.,Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330023 Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Metz
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Sebastián, 7510156 Santiago, Chile.,Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330023 Santiago, Chile
| | - Teo Feuerhake
- Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330023 Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Romero
- Departamento de Patología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330023 Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Roa
- Departamento de Patología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330023 Santiago, Chile
| | - Viviana Montecinos
- Departamento de Hematología y Oncología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330023 Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Soza
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Sebastián, 7510156 Santiago, Chile .,Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330023 Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfonso González
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Sebastián, 7510156 Santiago, Chile .,Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330023 Santiago, Chile
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41
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Carrasco-Ramírez P, Greening DW, Andrés G, Gopal SK, Martín-Villar E, Renart J, Simpson RJ, Quintanilla M. Podoplanin is a component of extracellular vesicles that reprograms cell-derived exosomal proteins and modulates lymphatic vessel formation. Oncotarget 2017; 7:16070-89. [PMID: 26893367 PMCID: PMC4941298 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin (PDPN) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that plays crucial roles in embryonic development, the immune response, and malignant progression. Here, we report that cells ectopically or endogenously expressing PDPN release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that contain PDPN mRNA and protein. PDPN incorporates into membrane shed microvesicles (MVs) and endosomal-derived exosomes (EXOs), where it was found to colocalize with the canonical EV marker CD63 by immunoelectron microscopy. We have previously found that expression of PDPN in MDCK cells induces an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Proteomic profiling of MDCK-PDPN cells compared to control cells shows that PDPN-induced EMT is associated with upregulation of oncogenic proteins and diminished expression of tumor suppressors. Proteomic analysis of exosomes reveals that MDCK-PDPN EXOs were enriched in protein cargos involved in cell adhesion, cytoskeletal remodeling, signal transduction and, importantly, intracellular trafficking and EV biogenesis. Indeed, expression of PDPN in MDCK cells stimulated both EXO and MV production, while knockdown of endogenous PDPN in human HN5 squamous carcinoma cells reduced EXO production and inhibited tumorigenesis. EXOs released from MDCK-PDPN and control cells both stimulated in vitro angiogenesis, but only EXOs containing PDPN were shown to promote lymphatic vessel formation. This effect was mediated by PDPN on the surface of EXOs, as demonstrated by a neutralizing specific monoclonal antibody. These results contribute to our understanding of PDPN-induced EMT in association to tumor progression, and suggest an important role for PDPN in EV biogenesis and/or release and for PDPN-EXOs in modulating lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Carrasco-Ramírez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - David W Greening
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Germán Andrés
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Shashi K Gopal
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ester Martín-Villar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Renart
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Miguel Quintanilla
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
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42
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Gopal SK, Greening DW, Hanssen EG, Zhu HJ, Simpson RJ, Mathias RA. Oncogenic epithelial cell-derived exosomes containing Rac1 and PAK2 induce angiogenesis in recipient endothelial cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:19709-22. [PMID: 26919098 PMCID: PMC4991413 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The metastatic cascade describes the escape of primary tumour cells to distant secondary sites. Cells at the leading tumour edge are thought to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), to enhance their motility and invasion for spreading. Whether EMT cells directly promote tumour angiogenesis, and the role of exosomes (30-150 nm extracellular vesicles) remains largely unknown. We examined the functional effects of exosomes from MDCK cells, MDCK cells stably expressing YBX1 (MDCKYBX1, intermediate EMT), and Ras-transformed MDCK cells (21D1 cells, complete EMT). 2F-2B cell motility and tube formation (length and branching) was significantly increased following supplementation with MDCKYBX1 or 21D1 exosomes, but not MDCK exosomes. Next, Matrigel™ plugs containing exosome-supplemented 2F-2B cells were subcutaneously injected into mice. Systemic perfusion was only observed for plugs supplemented with MDCKYBX1 or 21D1 exosomes. Comparative proteomics revealed that 21D1 exosomes contained VEGF-associated proteins, while MDCKYBX1 exosomes were enriched with activated Rac1 and PAK2. To validate, 2F-2B cells and HUVECs were pre-treated with PAK inhibitors prior to exosome supplementation. PAK inhibition nullified the effects of MDCKYBX1 exosomes by reducing the tube length and branching to baseline levels. By contrast, the effects of 21D1 exosomes were not significantly decreased. Our results demonstrate for the first time that oncogenic cells undergoing EMT can communicate with endothelial cells via exosomes, and establish exosomal Rac1/PAK2 as angiogenic promoters that may function from early stages of the metastatic cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi K Gopal
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David W Greening
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric G Hanssen
- Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hong-Jian Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rommel A Mathias
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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43
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Shimoda M, Khokha R. Metalloproteinases in extracellular vesicles. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:1989-2000. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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44
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Duivenvoorden HM, Rautela J, Edgington‐Mitchell LE, Spurling A, Greening DW, Nowell CJ, Molloy TJ, Robbins E, Brockwell NK, Lee CS, Chen M, Holliday A, Selinger CI, Hu M, Britt KL, Stroud DA, Bogyo M, Möller A, Polyak K, Sloane BF, O'Toole SA, Parker BS. Myoepithelial cell‐specific expression of stefin A as a suppressor of early breast cancer invasion. J Pathol 2017; 243:496-509. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrika M Duivenvoorden
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Jai Rautela
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science Melbourne VIC Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology University of Melbourne VIC Australia
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Medical Biology University of Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Laura E Edgington‐Mitchell
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science Melbourne VIC Australia
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Alex Spurling
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - David W Greening
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Cameron J Nowell
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | | | - Elizabeth Robbins
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Camperdown NSW Australia
| | - Natasha K Brockwell
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Cheok Soon Lee
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Camperdown NSW Australia
- Sydney Medical School University of Sydney NSW Australia
- Cancer Pathology and Cell Biology Laboratory Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, and University of New South Wales NSW Australia
- Cancer Pathology, Bosch Institute University of Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Maoshan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Anne Holliday
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Camperdown NSW Australia
| | - Cristina I Selinger
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Camperdown NSW Australia
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Kara L Britt
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - David A Stroud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Matthew Bogyo
- Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine California USA
| | - Andreas Möller
- Immunology Department QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Kornelia Polyak
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Bonnie F Sloane
- Department of Pharmacology Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit Michigan USA
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit Michigan USA
| | - Sandra A O'Toole
- Sydney Medical School University of Sydney NSW Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research Darlinghurst NSW Australia
- Australian Clinical Labs Bella Vista NSW Australia
| | - Belinda S Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science Melbourne VIC Australia
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45
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Alhomrani M, Correia J, Zavou M, Leaw B, Kuk N, Xu R, Saad MI, Hodge A, Greening DW, Lim R, Sievert W. The Human Amnion Epithelial Cell Secretome Decreases Hepatic Fibrosis in Mice with Chronic Liver Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:748. [PMID: 29114223 PMCID: PMC5660722 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the primary collagen-secreting cells in the liver. While HSCs are the major cell type involved in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, hepatic macrophages also play an important role in mediating fibrogenesis and fibrosis resolution. Previously, we observed a reduction in HSC activation, proliferation, and collagen synthesis following exposure to human amnion epithelial cells (hAEC) and hAEC-conditioned media (hAEC-CM). This suggested that specific factors secreted by hAEC might be effective in ameliorating liver fibrosis. hAEC-derived extracellular vesicles (hAEC-EVs), which are nanosized (40–100 nm) membrane bound vesicles, may act as novel cell–cell communicators. Accordingly, we evaluated the efficacy of hAEC-EV in modulating liver fibrosis in a mouse model of chronic liver fibrosis and in human HSC. Methods: The hAEC-EVs were isolated and characterized. C57BL/6 mice with CCl4-induced liver fibrosis were administered hAEC-EV, hAEC-CM, or hAEC-EV depleted medium (hAEC-EVDM). LX2 cells, a human HSC line, and bone marrow-derived mouse macrophages were exposed to hAEC-EV, hAEC-CM, and hAEC-EVDM. Mass spectrometry was used to examine the proteome profile of each preparation. Results: The extent of liver fibrosis and number of activated HSCs were reduced significantly in CCl4-treated mice given hAEC-EVs, hAEC-CM, and hAEC EVDM compared to untreated controls. Hepatic macrophages were significantly decreased in all treatment groups, where a predominant M2 phenotype was observed. Human HSCs cultured with hAEC-EV and hAEC-CM displayed a significant reduction in collagen synthesis and hAEC-EV, hAEC-CM, and hAEC-EVDM altered macrophage polarization in bone marrow-derived mouse macrophages. Proteome analysis showed that 164 proteins were unique to hAEC-EV in comparison to hAEC-CM and hAEC-EVDM, and 51 proteins were co-identified components with the hAEC-EV fraction. Conclusion: This study provides novel data showing that hAEC-derived EVs significantly reduced liver fibrosis and macrophage infiltration to an extent similar to hAEC-EVDM and hAEC-CM. hAEC-EV-based therapy may be a potential therapeutic option for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Alhomrani
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Medical College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jeanne Correia
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Marcus Zavou
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Bryan Leaw
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Nathan Kuk
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mohamed I Saad
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexander Hodge
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - David W Greening
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lim
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - William Sievert
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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46
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High YBX1 expression indicates poor prognosis and promotes cell migration and invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Exp Cell Res 2017; 361:126-134. [PMID: 29024700 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Y-box binding protein-1 (YBX1) is a multifunctional protein and often acts as an indicator of poor prognosis in cancers. Increasing evidence has shown that the levels of YBX1 protein were closely associated with multidrug resistance, relapse, metastasis and poor prognosis in cancers. However, its role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) metastasis remains unknown. In our study, we discovered that the expression of YBX1 was increased in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues. YBX1 protein levels positively correlated with T stage and metastasis of NPC patients. Moreover, expression of YBX1 was negatively correlated with membrane E-cadherin levels and positively correlated with Vimentin expression. In vitro, the expression of YBX1 was closely related to the invasive and migratory ability of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Knockdown of YBX1 inhibited migration and invasion in 5-8F cells, and over-expression of YBX1 promoted CNE1 cells migration and invasion. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) treatment led to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CNE1 cells accompanied by elevated YBX1 expression. On the contrary, knockdown of YBX1 partially inhibited the TGF-β1-induced CNE1 cell migration, together with changes of EMT-associated markers. Our study revealed that TGF-β1/YBX1 signaling might be one of novel mechanisms mediating EMT in NPC, providing a new target for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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47
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Extracellular vesicles: their role in cancer biology and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Biochem J 2017; 474:21-45. [PMID: 28008089 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cell-cell communication is critical across an assortment of physiological and pathological processes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent an integral facet of intercellular communication largely through the transfer of functional cargo such as proteins, messenger RNAs (mRNAs), microRNA (miRNAs), DNAs and lipids. EVs, especially exosomes and shed microvesicles, represent an important delivery medium in the tumour micro-environment through the reciprocal dissemination of signals between cancer and resident stromal cells to facilitate tumorigenesis and metastasis. An important step of the metastatic cascade is the reprogramming of cancer cells from an epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype (epithelial-mesenchymal transition, EMT), which is associated with increased aggressiveness, invasiveness and metastatic potential. There is now increasing evidence demonstrating that EVs released by cells undergoing EMT are reprogrammed (protein and RNA content) during this process. This review summarises current knowledge of EV-mediated functional transfer of proteins and RNA species (mRNA, miRNA, long non-coding RNA) between cells in cancer biology and the EMT process. An in-depth understanding of EVs associated with EMT, with emphasis on molecular composition (proteins and RNA species), will provide fundamental insights into cancer biology.
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48
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Noguchi K, Dalton AC, Howley BV, McCall BJ, Yoshida A, Diehl JA, Howe PH. Interleukin-like EMT inducer regulates partial phenotype switching in MITF-low melanoma cell lines. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177830. [PMID: 28545079 PMCID: PMC5435346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ILEI (FAM3C) is a secreted factor that contributes to the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a cell biological process that confers metastatic properties to a tumor cell. Initially, we found that ILEI mRNA is highly expressed in melanoma metastases but not in primary tumors, suggesting that ILEI contributes to the malignant properties of melanoma. While melanoma is not an epithelial cell-derived tumor and does not undergo a traditional EMT, melanoma undergoes a similar process known as phenotype switching in which high (micropthalmia-related transcription factor) MITF expressing (MITF-high) proliferative cells switch to a low expressing (MITF-low) invasive state. We observed that MITF-high proliferative cells express low levels of ILEI (ILEI-low) and MITF-low invasive cells express high levels of ILEI (ILEI-high). We found that inducing phenotype switching towards the MITF-low invasive state increases ILEI mRNA expression, whereas phenotype switching towards the MITF-high proliferative state decreases ILEI mRNA expression. Next, we used in vitro assays to show that knockdown of ILEI attenuates invasive potential but not MITF expression or chemoresistance. Finally, we used gene expression analysis to show that ILEI regulates several genes involved in the MITF-low invasive phenotype including JARID1B, HIF-2α, and BDNF. Gene set enrichment analysis suggested that ILEI-regulated genes are enriched for JUN signaling, a known regulator of the MITF-low invasive phenotype. In conclusion, we demonstrate that phenotype switching regulates ILEI expression, and that ILEI regulates partial phenotype switching in MITF-low melanoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Noguchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Annamarie C. Dalton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Breege V. Howley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Buckley J. McCall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Akihiro Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - J. Alan Diehl
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
- Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Philip H. Howe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
- Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Xiong P, Zhang J, Xu D, Zhu J, Li W, Liu J, Liu F. Positive feedback loop of YB-1 interacting with Smad2 promotes liver fibrosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 484:753-761. [PMID: 28153731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.01.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Y-box binding protein (YB-1), known as a multifunctional cellular protein in various biological processes, was recently reported to be associated with liver fibrosis. The critical role of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in stimulating the transcription of fibrotic genes in fibroblasts have already been identified, however, whether and how YB-1 modulated liver fibrosis via TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway remains largely unknown. In our previous study, we proved that ectopic TGF-β was associated with YB-1 expression. Herein, by combining in vitro experiments in LX2 human hepatic stellate cells and in vivo studies by building CCl4 based mice liver fibrosis model, we showed that YB-1 and p-YB-1 were upregulated in liver fibrosis tissue, and YB-1 promoted the deposition of excess extracellular matrix. Mechanistically, Smad2, a key member in TGF-β signaling pathway, acted as a transcription factor that triggered YB-1 promoter, while on the other hand, p-YB-1 stabilized Smad2 by attenuating its ubiquitination. Knockdown of Smad2 could reduce YB-1 expression, which in turn shorter the half time of Smad2. Furthermore, the serine102 residue of YB-1 both affected its binding and stabilizing activity to Smad2. These finding demonstrated that YB-1 and Smad2 played as a positive feedback loop in promoting liver fibrosis. In conclusion, TGF-β signaling pathway may influence liver fibrosis by incorporating with YB-1, indicating that YB-1 could be a potential target for therapies against liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Xiong
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, PR China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Diannan Xu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Wenshuai Li
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China.
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, PR China.
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Martin M, Hua L, Wang B, Wei H, Prabhu L, Hartley AV, Jiang G, Liu Y, Lu T. Novel Serine 176 Phosphorylation of YBX1 Activates NF-κB in Colon Cancer. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:3433-3444. [PMID: 28077578 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.740258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Y box protein 1 (YBX1) is a well known oncoprotein that has tumor-promoting functions. YBX1 is widely considered to be an attractive therapeutic target in cancer. To develop novel therapeutics to target YBX1, it is of great importance to understand how YBX1 is finely regulated in cancer. Previously, we have shown that YBX1 could function as a tumor promoter through phosphorylation of its Ser-165 residue, leading to the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway (1). In this study, using mass spectrometry analysis, we discovered a distinct phosphorylation site, Ser-176, on YBX1. Overexpression of the YBX1-S176A (serine-to-alanine) mutant in either HEK293 cells or colon cancer HT29 cells showed dramatically reduced NF-κB-activating ability compared with that of WT-YBX1, confirming that Ser-176 phosphorylation is critical for the activation of NF-κB by YBX1. Importantly, the mutant of Ser-176 and the previously reported Ser-165 sites regulate distinct groups of NF-κB target genes, suggesting the unique and irreplaceable function of each of these two phosphorylated serine residues. Our important findings could provide a novel cancer therapy strategy by blocking either Ser-176 or Ser-165 phosphorylation or both of YBX1 in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benlian Wang
- Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Han Wei
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology
| | | | | | - Guanglong Jiang
- Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Tao Lu
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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