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McMorrow R, de Bruijn HS, Que I, Stuurman DC, de Ridder CMA, Doukas M, Robinson DJ, Mezzanotte L, Lowik CWGM. Rapid Assessment of Bio-distribution and Antitumor Activity of the Photosensitizer Bremachlorin in a Murine PDAC Model: Detection of PDT-induced Tumor Necrosis by IRDye® 800CW Carboxylate, Using Whole-Body Fluorescent Imaging. Mol Imaging Biol 2024:10.1007/s11307-024-01921-1. [PMID: 38890241 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-024-01921-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light-based anticancer therapy that can induce tumor necrosis and/or apoptosis. Two important factors contributing to the efficacy of PDT are the concentration of the photosensitizer in the tumor tissue and its preferential accumulation in the tumor tissue compared to that in normal tissues. In this study, we investigated the use of optical imaging for monitoring whole-body bio-distribution of the fluorescent (660 nm) photosensitizer Bremachlorin in vivo, in a murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) model. Moreover, we non-invasively, examined the induction of tumor necrosis after PDT treatment using near-infrared fluorescent imaging of the necrosis avid cyanine dye IRDye®-800CW Carboxylate. Using whole-body fluorescence imaging, we observed that Bremachlorin preferentially accumulated in pancreatic tumors. Furthermore, in a longitudinal study we showed that 3 hours after Bremachlorin administration, the fluorescent tumor signal reached its maximum. In addition, the tumor-to-background ratio at all-time points was approximately 1.4. Ex vivo, at 6 hours after Bremachlorin administration, the tumor-to-muscle or -normal pancreas ratio exhibited a greater difference than it did at 24 hours, suggesting that, in terms of efficacy, 6 hours after Bremachlorin administration was an effective time point for PDT treatment of PDAC. In vivo administration of the near infrared fluorescence agent IRDye®-800CW Carboxylate showed that PDT, 6 hours after administration of Bremachlorin, selectively induced necrosis in the tumor tissues, which was subsequently confirmed histologically. In conclusion, by using in vivo fluorescence imaging, we could non-invasively and longitudinally monitor, the whole-body distribution of Bremachlorin. Furthermore, we successfully used IRDye®-800CW Carboxylate, a near-infrared fluorescent necrosis avid agent, to image PDT-induced necrotic cell death as a measure of therapeutic efficacy. This study showed how fluorescence can be applied for optimizing, and assessing the efficacy of, PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roisin McMorrow
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henriette S de Bruijn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo Que
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Debra C Stuurman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Corrina M A de Ridder
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michail Doukas
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dominic J Robinson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Mezzanotte
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Clemens W G M Lowik
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Giunashvili N, Thomas JM, Schvarcz CA, Viana PHL, Aloss K, Bokhari SMZ, Koós Z, Bócsi D, Major E, Balogh A, Benyó Z, Hamar P. Enhancing therapeutic efficacy in triple-negative breast cancer and melanoma: synergistic effects of modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) with NSAIDs especially COX-2 inhibition in in vivo models. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:1012-1030. [PMID: 38217262 PMCID: PMC10994232 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality and lacks modern therapy options. Modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) is an adjuvant therapy with demonstrated clinical efficacy for the treatment of various cancer types. In this study, we report that mEHT monotherapy stimulated interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression, and consequently cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), which may favor a cancer-promoting tumor microenvironment. Thus, we combined mEHT with nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): a nonselective aspirin, or the selective COX-2 inhibitor SC236, in vivo. We demonstrate that NSAIDs synergistically increased the effect of mEHT in the 4T1 TNBC model. Moreover, the strongest tumor destruction ratio was observed in the combination SC236 + mEHT groups. Tumor damage was accompanied by a significant increase in cleaved caspase-3, suggesting that apoptosis played an important role. IL-1β and COX-2 expression were significantly reduced by the combination therapies. In addition, a custom-made nanostring panel demonstrated significant upregulation of genes participating in the formation of the extracellular matrix. Similarly, in the B16F10 melanoma model, mEHT and aspirin synergistically reduced the number of melanoma nodules in the lungs. In conclusion, mEHT combined with a selective COX-2 inhibitor may offer a new therapeutic option in TNBC.
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Grants
- STIA-OTKA-2022 Semmelweis Science and Innovation Fund
- OTKA_ANN 110810 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office
- OTKA_SNN 114619 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office
- ÚNKP-23-3-II-SE-45 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office
- ÚNKP-23-4-I-SE-22 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office
- OTKA_K 145998 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office
- Tempus Foundation
- EFOP-3.6.3-VEKOP-16-2017-00009 Semmelweis Excellence 250+ Scholarship
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Affiliation(s)
- Nino Giunashvili
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | | | - Csaba András Schvarcz
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- HUN‐REN‐SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research GroupBudapestHungary
| | | | - Kenan Aloss
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | | | - Zoltán Koós
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Dániel Bócsi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Enikő Major
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- HUN‐REN‐SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research GroupBudapestHungary
| | - Andrea Balogh
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- HUN‐REN‐SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research GroupBudapestHungary
| | - Péter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
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Verhoeven M, Handula M, van den Brink L, de Ridder CMA, Stuurman DC, Seimbille Y, Dalm SU. Pre- and Intraoperative Visualization of GRPR-Expressing Solid Tumors: Preclinical Profiling of Novel Dual-Modality Probes for Nuclear and Fluorescence Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072161. [PMID: 37046825 PMCID: PMC10093582 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Image-guided surgery using a gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)-targeting dual-modality probe could improve the accuracy of the resection of various solid tumors. The aim of this study was to further characterize our four previously developed GRPR-targeting dual-modality probes that vary in linker structures and were labeled with indium-111 and sulfo-cyanine 5. Cell uptake studies with GRPR-positive PC-3 cells and GRPR-negative NCI-H69 cells confirmed receptor specificity. Imaging and biodistribution studies at 4 and 24 h with 20 MBq/1 nmol [111In]In-12-15 were performed in nude mice bearing a PC-3 and NCI-H69 xenograft, and showed that the probe with only a pADA linker in the backbone had the highest tumor-to-organ ratios (T/O) at 24 h after injection (T/O > 5 for, e.g., prostate, muscle and blood). For this probe, a dose optimization study with three doses (0.75, 1.25 and 1.75 nmol; 20 MBq) revealed that the maximum image contrast was achieved with the lowest dose. Subsequently, the probe was successfully used for tumor excision in a simulated image-guided surgery setting. Moreover, it demonstrated binding to tissue sections of human prostate, breast and gastro-intestinal stromal tumors. In summary, our findings demonstrate that the developed dual-modality probe has the potential to aid in the complete surgical removal of GRPR-positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein Verhoeven
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maryana Handula
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lilian van den Brink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Corrina M. A. de Ridder
- Department of Experimental Urology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Debra C. Stuurman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yann Seimbille
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Simone U. Dalm
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Detection of Experimental Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases by a Novel PDGFRβ-Targeting Nanobody. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184348. [PMID: 36139509 PMCID: PMC9497196 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer can metastasize to multiple distant sites. Metastases growing within the peritoneal cavity cause a high degree of morbidity and are associated with very poor survival. Moreover, peritoneal metastases are difficult to detect using conventional imaging methods. Consequently, peritoneal metastases are generally under-diagnosed and their response to therapy is difficult to assess. An extensive molecular and cellular analysis of colorectal peritoneal metastases revealed that these lesions express very high levels of specific markers that could serve as targets for imaging-based diagnosis and treatment. In the present report, we explore the potential value of one such marker, PDGFRB, to serve as a target for peritoneal metastasis detection by molecular imaging. Therefore, we generated a PDGFRB-binding llama nanobody and demonstrate its utility in detecting peritoneal metastases in mice. The clinical development of PDGFRB-targeting tracers may help to improve the diagnosis of peritoneal metastases and the clinical management of this highly aggressive disease entity. Abstract Peritoneal metastases in colorectal cancer (CRC) belong to Consensus Molecular Subtype 4 (CMS4) and are associated with poor prognosis. Conventional imaging modalities, such as Computed Tomography (CT) and Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET), perform very poorly in the detection of peritoneal metastases. However, the stroma-rich nature of these lesions provides a basis for developing molecular imaging strategies. In this study, conducted from 2019 to 2021, we aimed to generate a Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor beta (PDGFRB)-binding molecular imaging tracer for the detection of CMS4 CRC, including peritoneal metastases. The expression of PDGFRB mRNA discriminated CMS4 from CMS1-3 (AUROC = 0.86 (95% CI 0.85–0.88)) and was associated with poor relapse-free survival. PDGFRB mRNA and protein levels were very high in all human peritoneal metastases examined (n = 66). Therefore, we generated a PDGFRB-targeting llama nanobody (VHH1E12). Biotin-labelled VHH1E12 bound to immobilized human and mouse PDGFRB with high affinity (EC50 human PDGFRB = 7 nM; EC50 murine PDGFRB = 0.8 nM), and to PDGFRB-expressing HEK293 cells grown in vitro. A pharmacokinetic analysis of IRDye-800CW-conjugated VHH1E12 in mice showed that the plasma half-life was 6 min. IRDye-800CW-conjugated VHH1E12 specifically accumulated in experimentally induced colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases in mice. A tissue analysis subsequently demonstrated co-localization of the nanobody with PDGFRB expression in the tumour stroma. Our results demonstrate the potential value of PDGFRB-targeted molecular imaging as a novel strategy for the non-invasive detection of CMS4 CRC, in particular, peritoneal metastases.
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Li DH, Gamage RS, Smith BD. Sterically Shielded Hydrophilic Analogs of Indocyanine Green. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11593-11601. [PMID: 35950971 PMCID: PMC9894567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A modular synthetic process enables two or four shielding arms to be appended strategically over the fluorochromes of near-infrared cyanine heptamethine dyes to create hydrophilic analogs of clinically approved indocyanine green. A key synthetic step is the facile substitution of a heptamethine 4'-Cl atom by a phenol bearing two triethylene glycol chains. The lead compound is a heptamethine dye with four shielding arms, and a series of comparative spectroscopy studies showed that the shielding arms (a) increased dye photostability and chemical stability and (b) inhibited dye self-aggregation and association with albumin protein. In mice, the dye cleared from the blood primarily through the renal pathway rather than the biliary pathway for ICG. This change in biodistribution reflects the much smaller hydrodynamic diameter of the shielded hydrophilic ICG analog compared to the 67 kDa size of the ICG/albumin complex. An attractive feature of versatile synthetic chemistry is the capability to systematically alter the dye's hydrodynamic diameter. The sterically shielded hydrophilic ICG dye platform is well-suited for immediate incorporation into dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) spectroscopy or imaging protocols using the same cameras and detectors that have been optimized for ICG.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bradley D. Smith
- Corresponding Author Bradley D. Smith - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;
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Stroet MCM, de Blois E, de Jong M, Seimbille Y, Mezzanotte L, Löwik CWGM, Panth KM. Improved Multimodal Tumor Necrosis Imaging with IRDye800CW-DOTA Conjugated to an Albumin-Binding Domain. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040861. [PMID: 35205609 PMCID: PMC8870237 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Anti-tumor treatment efficacy is determined by tumor shrinkage, which takes valuable time to become apparent and poses a risk of unnecessary treatment with severe side effects. Therefore, there is an unmet need for more reliable and specific methods to monitor treatment efficacy. We explore radiolabeled cyanines for imaging tumor necrosis as a unique marker for therapy efficacy. Moreover, spontaneous tumor necrosis is a hallmark for aggressively growing tumor types with poor prognosis. We improved the binding properties of a previously reported necrosis-avid contrast agent (NACA) and successfully detected spontaneous and therapy-induced tumor necrosis in mice using radioactivity and fluorescence imaging modalities. This NACA may pave the way to in vivo detection of tumor necrosis for early-stage determination of tumor aggressiveness and therapy efficacy. Abstract Purpose: To assess our improved NACA for the detection of tumor necrosis. Methods: We increased the blood circulation time of our NACA by adding an albumin-binding domain to the molecular structure. We tested the necrosis avidity on dead or alive cultured cells and performed SPECT and fluorescence imaging of both spontaneous and treatment-induced necrosis in murine breast cancer models. We simultaneously recorded [18F]FDG-PET and bioluminescence images for complementary detection of tumor viability. Results: We generated two albumin-binding IRDye800CW derivatives which were labeled with indium-111 with high radiochemical purity. Surprisingly, both albumin-binding NACAs had >10x higher in vitro binding towards dead cells. We selected [111In]3 for in vivo experiments which showed higher dead cell binding in vitro and in vivo stability. The doxorubicin-treated tumors showed increased [111In]3-uptake (1.74 ± 0.08%ID/g after saline treatment, 2.25 ± 0.16%ID/g after doxorubicin treatment, p = 0.044) and decreased [18F]FDG-uptake (3.02 ± 0.51%ID/g after saline treatment, 1.79 ± 0.11%ID/g after doxorubicin treatment, p = 0.040), indicating therapy efficacy. Moreover, we detected increased [111In]3-uptake and tumor necrosis in more rapidly growing EMT6 tumors. Conclusions: Our albumin-binding NACA based on IRDye800CW facilitates tumor-necrosis imaging for assessment of therapy efficacy and aggressiveness in solid tumors using both fluorescence and SPECT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus C. M. Stroet
- Erasmus MC, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.S.); (E.d.B.); (Y.S.); (L.M.)
- Erasmus MC, Department of Molecular Genetics, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik de Blois
- Erasmus MC, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.S.); (E.d.B.); (Y.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Marion de Jong
- Erasmus MC, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.S.); (E.d.B.); (Y.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Yann Seimbille
- Erasmus MC, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.S.); (E.d.B.); (Y.S.); (L.M.)
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Laura Mezzanotte
- Erasmus MC, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.S.); (E.d.B.); (Y.S.); (L.M.)
- Erasmus MC, Department of Molecular Genetics, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens W. G. M. Löwik
- Erasmus MC, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.S.); (E.d.B.); (Y.S.); (L.M.)
- Erasmus MC, Department of Molecular Genetics, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- CHUV Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (C.W.G.M.L.); (K.M.P.)
| | - Kranthi M. Panth
- Erasmus MC, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.S.); (E.d.B.); (Y.S.); (L.M.)
- Erasmus MC, Department of Molecular Genetics, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (C.W.G.M.L.); (K.M.P.)
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Stroet MCM, de Blois E, Haeck J, Seimbille Y, Mezzanotte L, de Jong M, Löwik CWGM, Panth KM. In Vivo Evaluation of Gallium-68-Labeled IRDye800CW as a Necrosis Avid Contrast Agent in Solid Tumors. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2021; 2021:2853522. [PMID: 34987318 PMCID: PMC8687856 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2853522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Necrosis only occurs in pathological situations and is directly related to disease severity and, therefore, is an important biomarker. Tumor necrosis occurs in most solid tumors due to improperly functioning blood vessels that cannot keep up with the rapid growth, especially in aggressively growing tumors. The amount of necrosis per tumor volume is often correlated to rapid tumor proliferation and can be used as a diagnostic tool. Furthermore, efficient therapy against solid tumors will directly or indirectly lead to necrotic tumor cells, and detection of increased tumor necrosis can be an early marker for therapy efficacy. We propose the application of necrosis avid contrast agents to detect therapy-induced tumor necrosis. Herein, we advance gallium-68-labeled IRDye800CW, a near-infrared fluorescent dye that exhibits excellent necrosis avidity, as a potential PET tracer for in vivo imaging of tumor necrosis. We developed a reliable labeling procedure to prepare [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-PEG4-IRDye800CW ([68Ga]Ga-1) with a radiochemical purity of >96% (radio-HPLC). The prominent dead cell binding of fluorescence and radioactivity from [68Ga]Ga-1 was confirmed with dead and alive cultured 4T1-Luc2 cells. [68Ga]Ga-1 was injected in 4T1-Luc2 tumor-bearing mice, and specific fluorescence and PET signal were observed in the spontaneously developing tumor necrosis. The ip injection of D-luciferin enabled simultaneous bioluminescence imaging of the viable tumor regions. Tumor necrosis binding was confirmed ex vivo by colocalization of fluorescence uptake with TUNEL dead cell staining and radioactivity uptake in dichotomized tumors and frozen tumor sections. Our presented study shows that [68Ga]Ga-1 is a promising PET tracer for the detection of tumor necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus C. M. Stroet
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Erik de Blois
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joost Haeck
- AMIE Core Facility, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yann Seimbille
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Laura Mezzanotte
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marion de Jong
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Clemens W. G. M. Löwik
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- CHUV Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kranthi M. Panth
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Abstract
Purpose Current clinical measurements for tumor treatment efficiency rely often on changes in tumor volume measured as shrinkage by CT or MRI, which become apparent after multiple lines of treatment and pose a physical and psychological burden on the patient. Detection of therapy-induced cell death in the tumor can be a fast measure for treatment efficiency. However, there are no reliable clinical tools for detection of tumor necrosis. Previously, we studied the necrosis avidity of cyanine-based fluorescent dyes, which suffered long circulation times before tumor necrosis could be imaged due to low hydrophilicity. We now present the application of radiolabeled 800CW, a commercially available cyanine with high hydrophilicity, to image tumor necrosis in a mouse model. Procedures We conjugated 800CW to DOTA via a PEG linker, for labeling with single-photon emission-computed tomography isotope indium-111, yielding [111In]In-DOTA-PEG4-800CW. We then investigated specific [111In]In-DOTA-PEG4-800CW uptake by dead cells in vitro, using both fluorescence and radioactivity as detection modalities. Finally, we investigated [111In]In-DOTA-PEG4-800CW uptake into necrotic tumor regions of a 4T1 breast tumor model in mice. Results We successfully prepared a precursor and developed a reliable procedure for labeling 800CW with indium-111. We detected specific [111In]In-DOTA-PEG4-800CW uptake by dead cells, using both fluorescence and radioactivity. Albeit with a tumor uptake of only 0.37%ID/g at 6 h post injection, we were able to image tumor necrosis with a tumor to background ratio of 7:4. Fluorescence and radioactivity in cryosections from the dissected tumors were colocalized with tumor necrosis, confirmed by TUNEL staining. Conclusions [111In]In-DOTA-PEG4-800CW can be used to image tumor necrosis in vitro and in vivo. Further research will elucidate the application of [111In]In-DOTA-PEG4-800CW or other radiolabeled hydrophilic cyanines for the detection of necrosis caused by chemotherapy or other anti-cancer therapies. This can provide valuable prognostic information in treatment of solid tumors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11307-020-01511-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Stroet MCM, Dijkstra BM, Dulfer SE, Kruijff S, den Dunnen WFA, Kruyt FAE, Groen RJM, Seimbille Y, Panth KM, Mezzanotte L, Lowik CWGM, de Jong M. Necrosis binding of Ac-Lys 0(IRDye800CW)-Tyr 3-octreotate: a consequence from cyanine-labeling of small molecules. EJNMMI Res 2021; 11:47. [PMID: 33970376 PMCID: PMC8110618 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-021-00789-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a growing body of nuclear contrast agents that are repurposed for fluorescence-guided surgery. New contrast agents are obtained by substituting the radioactive tag with, or adding a fluorescent cyanine to the molecular structure of antibodies or peptides. This enables intra-operative fluorescent detection of cancerous tissue, leading to more complete tumor resection. However, these fluorescent cyanines can have a remarkable influence on pharmacokinetics and tumor uptake, especially when labeled to smaller targeting vectors such as peptides. Here we demonstrate the effect of cyanine-mediated dead cell-binding of Ac-Lys0(IRDye800CW)-Tyr3-octreotate (800CW-TATE) and how this can be used as an advantage for fluorescence-guided surgery. Results Binding of 800CW-TATE could be blocked with DOTA0-Tyr3-octreotate (DOTA-TATE) on cultured SSTR2-positive U2OS cells and was absent in SSTR2 negative U2OS cells. However, strong binding was observed to dead cells, which could not be blocked with DOTA-TATE and was also present in dead SSTR2 negative cells. No SSTR2-mediated binding was observed in frozen tumor sections, possibly due to disruption of the cells in the process of sectioning the tissue before exposure to the contrast agent. DOTA-TATE blocking resulted in an incomplete reduction of 61.5 ± 5.8% fluorescence uptake by NCI-H69-tumors in mice. Near-infrared imaging and dead cell staining on paraffin sections from resected tumors revealed that fluorescence uptake persisted in necrotic regions upon blocking with DOTA-TATE. Conclusion This study shows that labeling peptides with cyanines can result in dead cell binding. This does not hamper the ultimate purpose of fluorescence-guided surgery, as necrotic tissue appears in most solid tumors. Hence, the necrosis binding can increase the overall tumor uptake. Moreover, necrotic tissue should be removed as much as possible: it cannot be salvaged, causes inflammation, and is tumorigenic. However, when performing binding experiments to cells with disrupted membrane integrity, which is routinely done with nuclear probes, this dead cell-binding can resemble non-specific binding. This study will benefit the development of fluorescent contrast agents. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13550-021-00789-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus C M Stroet
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine/Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Bianca M Dijkstra
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan E Dulfer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Schelto Kruijff
- Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilfred F A den Dunnen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank A E Kruyt
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rob J M Groen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yann Seimbille
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine/Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kranthi M Panth
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine/Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Mezzanotte
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine/Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens W G M Lowik
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine/Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,CHUV Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marion de Jong
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine/Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Schvarcz CA, Danics L, Krenács T, Viana P, Béres R, Vancsik T, Nagy Á, Gyenesei A, Kun J, Fonović M, Vidmar R, Benyó Z, Kaucsár T, Hamar P. Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia Induces a Prominent Local Stress Response and Growth Inhibition in Mouse Breast Cancer Isografts. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1744. [PMID: 33917524 PMCID: PMC8038813 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) is a selective cancer treatment used in human oncology complementing other therapies. During mEHT, a focused electromagnetic field (EMF) is generated within the tumor inducing cell death by thermal and nonthermal effects. Here we investigated molecular changes elicited by mEHT using multiplex methods in an aggressive, therapy-resistant triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) model. 4T1/4T07 isografts inoculated orthotopically into female BALB/c mice were treated with mEHT three to five times. mEHT induced the upregulation of the stress-related Hsp70 and cleaved caspase-3 proteins, resulting in effective inhibition of tumor growth and proliferation. Several acute stress response proteins, including protease inhibitors, coagulation and heat shock factors, and complement family members, were among the most upregulated treatment-related genes/proteins as revealed by next-generation sequencing (NGS), Nanostring and mass spectrometry (MS). pathway analysis demonstrated that several of these proteins belong to the response to stimulus pathway. Cell culture treatments confirmed that the source of these proteins was the tumor cells. The heat-shock factor inhibitor KRIBB11 reduced mEHT-induced complement factor 4 (C4) mRNA increase. In conclusion, mEHT monotherapy induced tumor growth inhibition and a complex stress response. Inhibition of this stress response is likely to enhance the effectiveness of mEHT and other cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba András Schvarcz
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (C.A.S.); (L.D.); (P.V.); (R.B.); (T.V.); (Z.B.); (T.K.)
| | - Lea Danics
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (C.A.S.); (L.D.); (P.V.); (R.B.); (T.V.); (Z.B.); (T.K.)
| | - Tibor Krenács
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Pedro Viana
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (C.A.S.); (L.D.); (P.V.); (R.B.); (T.V.); (Z.B.); (T.K.)
| | - Rita Béres
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (C.A.S.); (L.D.); (P.V.); (R.B.); (T.V.); (Z.B.); (T.K.)
| | - Tamás Vancsik
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (C.A.S.); (L.D.); (P.V.); (R.B.); (T.V.); (Z.B.); (T.K.)
| | - Ákos Nagy
- Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Attila Gyenesei
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.G.); (J.K.)
| | - József Kun
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.G.); (J.K.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School & Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Marko Fonović
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.F.); (R.V.)
| | - Robert Vidmar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.F.); (R.V.)
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (C.A.S.); (L.D.); (P.V.); (R.B.); (T.V.); (Z.B.); (T.K.)
| | - Tamás Kaucsár
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (C.A.S.); (L.D.); (P.V.); (R.B.); (T.V.); (Z.B.); (T.K.)
| | - Péter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (C.A.S.); (L.D.); (P.V.); (R.B.); (T.V.); (Z.B.); (T.K.)
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11
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Laramie MD, Fouts BL, MacCuaig WM, Buabeng E, Jones MA, Mukherjee P, Behkam B, McNally LR, Henary M. Improved pentamethine cyanine nanosensors for optoacoustic imaging of pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4366. [PMID: 33623069 PMCID: PMC7902650 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83658-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Optoacoustic imaging is a new biomedical imaging technology with clear benefits over traditional optical imaging and ultrasound. While the imaging technology has improved since its initial development, the creation of dedicated contrast agents for optoacoustic imaging has been stagnant. Current exploration of contrast agents has been limited to standard commercial dyes that have already been established in optical imaging applications. While some of these compounds have demonstrated utility in optoacoustic imaging, they are far from optimal and there is a need for contrast agents with tailored optoacoustic properties. The synthesis, encapsulation within tumor targeting silica nanoparticles and applications in in vivo tumor imaging of optoacoustic contrast agents are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Laramie
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Benjamin L Fouts
- Department of Surgery, Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, 73104, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - William M MacCuaig
- Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 72073, USA
| | - Emmanuel Buabeng
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
- Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Meredith A Jones
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 72073, USA
| | - Priyabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Pathology, Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Bahareh Behkam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Lacey R McNally
- Department of Surgery, Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, 73104, USA.
- Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 72073, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
| | - Maged Henary
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
- Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
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12
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Han X, Taratula O, St Lorenz A, Moses AS, Albarqi HA, Jahangiri Y, Wu Q, Xu K, Taratula O, Farsad K. A novel multimodal nanoplatform for targeting tumor necrosis. RSC Adv 2021; 11:29486-29497. [PMID: 35479549 PMCID: PMC9040648 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05658a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Peri-necrotic tumor regions have been found to be a source of cancer stem cells (CSC), important in tumor recurrence. Necrotic and peri-necrotic tumor zones have poor vascular supply, limiting effective exposure to systemically administered therapeutics. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop agents that can effectively target these relatively protected tumor areas. We have developed a multi-property nanoplatform with necrosis avidity, fluorescence imaging and X-ray tracking capabilities to evaluate its feasibility for therapeutic drug delivery. The developed nanoparticle consists of three elements: poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) as the biodegradable carrier; hypericin as a natural compound with fluorescence and necrosis avidity; and gold nanoparticles for X-ray tracking. This reproducible nanoparticle has a hydrodynamic size of 103.9 ± 1.7 nm with a uniform spherical morphology (polydispersity index = 0.12). The nanoparticle shows safety with systemic administration and a stable 30 day profile. Intravenous nanoparticle injection into a subcutaneous tumor-bearing mouse and intra-arterial nanoparticle injection into rabbits bearing VX2 orthotopic liver tumors resulted in fluorescence and X-ray attenuation within the tumors. In addition, ex vivo and histological analysis confirmed the accumulation of hypericin and gold in areas of necrosis and peri-necrosis. This nanoplatform, therefore, has the potential to enhance putative therapeutic drug delivery to necrotic and peri-necrotic areas, and may also have an application for monitoring early response to anti-tumor therapies. Au-Hyp-NP developed by encapsulation of gold and hypericin into PEG-PCL nanoplatform for fluorescence and X-ray tracking with tumor necrosis targeting.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Han
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P. R. China
| | - Oleh Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
| | - Anna St Lorenz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
| | - Abraham S. Moses
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
| | - Hassan A. Albarqi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
| | - Younes Jahangiri
- Dotter Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3011, USA
| | - Qirun Wu
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P. R. China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P. R. China
| | - Olena Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
| | - Khashayar Farsad
- Dotter Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3011, USA
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13
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Cao X, Allu SR, Jiang S, Gunn Bs JR, Yao PhD C, Xin PhD J, Bruza PhD P, Gladstone ScD DJ, Jarvis Md PhD LA, Tian PhD J, Swartz Md Msph PhD HM, Vinogradov PhD SA, Pogue PhD BW. High-Resolution pO 2 Imaging Improves Quantification of the Hypoxic Fraction in Tumors During Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 109:603-613. [PMID: 33002542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The extreme microscopic heterogeneity of tumors makes it difficult to characterize tumor hypoxia. We evaluated how changes in the spatial resolution of oxygen imaging could alter measures of tumor hypoxia and their correlation to radiation therapy response. METHODS AND MATERIALS Cherenkov-Excited Luminescence Imaging in combination with an oxygen probe, Oxyphor PtG4 was used to directly image tumor pO2 distributions with 0.2 mm spatial resolution at the time of radiation delivery. These pO2 images were analyzed with variations of reduced spatial resolution from 0.2 mm to 5 mm, to investigate the influence of how reduced imaging spatial resolution would affect the observed tumor hypoxia. As an in vivo validation test, mice bearing tumor xenografts were imaged for hypoxic fraction and median pO2 to examine the predictive link with tumor response to radiation therapy, while accounting for spatial resolution. RESULTS In transitioning from voxel sizes of 200 μm to 3 mm, the median pO2 values increased by a few mm Hg, and the hypoxic fraction decreased by more than 50%. When looking at radiation-responsive tumors, the median pO2 values changed just a few mm Hg as a result of treatment, and the hypoxic fractions changed by as much as 50%. This latter change, however, could only be seen when sampling was performed with high spatial resolution. Median pO2 or similar quantities obtained from low resolution measurements are commonly used in clinical practice, however these parameters are much less sensitive to changes in the tumor microenvironment than the tumor hypoxic fraction obtained from high-resolution oxygen images. CONCLUSIONS This study supports the hypothesis that for adequate measurements of the tumor response to radiation therapy, oxygen imaging with high spatial resolution is required to accurately characterize the hypoxic fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cao
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire; Xidian University, Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuroimaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Srinivasa Rao Allu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Chemistry, School or Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shudong Jiang
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Jason R Gunn Bs
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Cuiping Yao PhD
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire; Xi'an Jiaotong University, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation, School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Xin PhD
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire; Xi'an Jiaotong University, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation, School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Petr Bruza PhD
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - David J Gladstone ScD
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Lesley A Jarvis Md PhD
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Jie Tian PhD
- Xidian University, Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuroimaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Sergei A Vinogradov PhD
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Chemistry, School or Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Brian W Pogue PhD
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire.
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14
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Zhang D, Jin Q, Ni Y, Zhang J. Discovery of necrosis avidity of rhein and its applications in necrosis imaging. J Drug Target 2020; 28:904-912. [PMID: 32314601 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1759079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Necrosis-avid agents possess exploitable theragnostic utilities including evaluation of tissue viability, monitoring of therapeutic efficacy as well as diagnosis and treatment of necrosis-related disorders. Rhein (4,5-dihydroxyl-2-carboxylic-9,10-dihydrodiketoanthracene), a naturally occurring monomeric anthraquinone compound extensively found in medicinal herbs, was recently demonstrated to have a newly discovered necrosis-avid trait and to show promising application in necrosis imaging. In this overview, we present the discovering process of rhein as a new necrosis-avid agent as well as its potential imaging applications in visualisation of myocardial necrosis and early evaluation of tumour response to therapy. Moreover, the molecular mechanism exploration of necrosis avidity behind rhein are also presented. The discovery of necrosis avidity with rhein and the development of rhein-based molecular probes may further expand the scope of necrosis-avid compounds and highlight the potential utility of necrosis-avid molecular probes in necrosis imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Qiaomei Jin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yicheng Ni
- Theragnostic Laboratory, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
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15
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Zhang D, Jin Q, Jiang C, Gao M, Ni Y, Zhang J. Imaging Cell Death: Focus on Early Evaluation of Tumor Response to Therapy. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:1025-1051. [PMID: 32150392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cell death plays a prominent role in the treatment of cancer, because most anticancer therapies act by the induction of cell death including apoptosis, necrosis, and other pathways of cell death. Imaging cell death helps to identify treatment responders from nonresponders and thus enables patient-tailored therapy, which will increase the likelihood of treatment response and ultimately lead to improved patient survival. By taking advantage of molecular probes that specifically target the biomarkers/biochemical processes of cell death, cell death imaging can be successfully achieved. In recent years, with the increased understanding of the molecular mechanism of cell death, a variety of well-defined biomarkers/biochemical processes of cell death have been identified. By targeting these established cell death biomarkers/biochemical processes, a set of molecular imaging probes have been developed and evaluated for early monitoring treatment response in tumors. In this review, we mainly present the recent advances in identifying useful biomarkers/biochemical processes for both apoptosis and necrosis imaging and in developing molecular imaging probes targeting these biomarkers/biochemical processes, with a focus on their application in early evaluation of tumor response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, P.R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, P.R. China
| | - Qiaomei Jin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, P.R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, P.R. China
| | - Cuihua Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, P.R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, P.R. China
| | - Meng Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, P.R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, P.R. China
| | - Yicheng Ni
- Theragnostic Laboratory, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, P.R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, P.R. China
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16
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Zhang D, Gao M, Jin Q, Ni Y, Zhang J. Updated developments on molecular imaging and therapeutic strategies directed against necrosis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:455-468. [PMID: 31193829 PMCID: PMC6543088 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death plays important roles in living organisms and is a hallmark of numerous disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, sepsis and acute pancreatitis. Moreover, cell death also plays a pivotal role in the treatment of certain diseases, for example, cancer. Noninvasive visualization of cell death contributes to gained insight into diseases, development of individualized treatment plans, evaluation of treatment responses, and prediction of patient prognosis. On the other hand, cell death can also be targeted for the treatment of diseases. Although there are many ways for a cell to die, only apoptosis and necrosis have been extensively studied in terms of cell death related theranostics. This review mainly focuses on molecular imaging and therapeutic strategies directed against necrosis. Necrosis shares common morphological characteristics including the rupture of cell membrane integrity and release of cellular contents, which provide potential biomarkers for visualization of necrosis and necrosis targeted therapy. In the present review, we summarize the updated joint efforts to develop molecular imaging probes and therapeutic strategies targeting the biomarkers exposed by necrotic cells. Moreover, we also discuss the challenges in developing necrosis imaging probes and propose several biomarkers of necrosis that deserve to be explored in future imaging and therapy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Qiaomei Jin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Yicheng Ni
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Theragnostic Laboratory, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
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17
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Pagoto A, Garello F, Marini GM, Tripepi M, Arena F, Bardini P, Stefania R, Lanzardo S, Valbusa G, Porpiglia F, Manfredi M, Aime S, Terreno E. Novel Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor Targeted Near-Infrared Fluorescence Dye for Image-Guided Surgery of Prostate Cancer. Mol Imaging Biol 2019; 22:85-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01354-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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18
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Laramie MD, Smith MK, Marmarchi F, McNally LR, Henary M. Small Molecule Optoacoustic Contrast Agents: An Unexplored Avenue for Enhancing In Vivo Imaging. Molecules 2018; 23:E2766. [PMID: 30366395 PMCID: PMC6278390 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost every variety of medical imaging technique relies heavily on exogenous contrast agents to generate high-resolution images of biological structures. Organic small molecule contrast agents, in particular, are well suited for biomedical imaging applications due to their favorable biocompatibility and amenability to structural modification. PET/SPECT, MRI, and fluorescence imaging all have a large host of small molecule contrast agents developed for them, and there exists an academic understanding of how these compounds can be developed. Optoacoustic imaging is a relatively newer imaging technique and, as such, lacks well-established small molecule contrast agents; many of the contrast agents used are the same ones which have found use in fluorescence imaging applications. Many commonly-used fluorescent dyes have found successful application in optoacoustic imaging, but others generate no detectable signal. Moreover, the structural features that either enable a molecule to generate a detectable optoacoustic signal or prevent it from doing so are poorly understood, so design of new contrast agents lacks direction. This review aims to compile the small molecule optoacoustic contrast agents that have been successfully employed in the literature to bridge the information gap between molecular design and optoacoustic signal generation. The information contained within will help to provide direction for the future synthesis of optoacoustic contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt D Laramie
- Department of Chemistry, 100 Piedmont Avenue SE, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
- Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, 100 Piedmont Avenue SE, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Mary K Smith
- Department of Cancer Biology, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Fahad Marmarchi
- Department of Chemistry, 100 Piedmont Avenue SE, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
- Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, 100 Piedmont Avenue SE, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Lacey R McNally
- Department of Cancer Biology, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Maged Henary
- Department of Chemistry, 100 Piedmont Avenue SE, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
- Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, 100 Piedmont Avenue SE, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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Xu HL, Yang JJ, ZhuGe DL, Lin MT, Zhu QY, Jin BH, Tong MQ, Shen BX, Xiao J, Zhao YZ. Glioma-Targeted Delivery of a Theranostic Liposome Integrated with Quantum Dots, Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide, and Cilengitide for Dual-Imaging Guiding Cancer Surgery. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701130. [PMID: 29350498 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a theranostic liposome (QSC-Lip) integrated with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and quantum dots (QDs) and cilengitide (CGT) into one platform is constructed to target glioma under magnetic targeting (MT) for guiding surgical resection of glioma. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirm the complete coencapsulation of SPIONs and QDs in liposome. Besides, CGT is also effectively encapsulated into the liposome with an encapsulation efficiency of ∼88.9%. QSC-Lip exhibits a diameter of 100 ± 1.24 nm, zeta potential of -17.10 ± 0.11 mV, and good stability in several mediums. Moreover, each cargo shows a biphasic release pattern from QSC-Lip, a rapid initial release within initial 10 h followed by a sustained release. Cellular uptake of QSC-Lip is significantly enhanced by C6 cells under MT. In vivo dual-imaging studies show that QSC-Lip not only produces an obvious negative-contrast enhancement effect on glioma by magnetic resonance imaging but also makes tumor emitting fluorescence under MT. The dual-imaging of QSC-Lip guides the accurate resection of glioma by surgery. Besides, CGT is also specifically distributed to glioma after administration of QSC-Lip under MT, resulting in an effective inhibition of tumors. The integrated liposome may be a potential carrier for theranostics of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Lin Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - De-Li ZhuGe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Meng-Ting Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Qun-Yan Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Bing-Hui Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Meng-Qi Tong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Bi-Xin Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Ying-Zheng Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
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20
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Xie B, Tomaszewski MR, Neves AA, Ros S, Hu DE, McGuire S, Mullins SR, Tice D, Sainson RCA, Bohndiek SE, Wilkinson RW, Brindle KM. Optoacoustic Detection of Early Therapy-Induced Tumor Cell Death Using a Targeted Imaging Agent. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6893-6903. [PMID: 28821560 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The development of new treatments and their deployment in the clinic may be assisted by imaging methods that allow an early assessment of treatment response in individual patients. The C2A domain of Synaptotagmin-I (C2Am), which binds to the phosphatidylserine (PS) exposed by apoptotic and necrotic cells, has been developed as an imaging probe for detecting cell death. Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) is a real-time and clinically applicable imaging modality that was used here with a near infrared (NIR) fluorophore-labeled C2Am to image tumor cell death in mice treated with a TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2 (TRAILR2) agonist and with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).Experimental Design: C2Am was labeled with a NIR fluorophore and injected intravenously into mice bearing human colorectal TRAIL-sensitive Colo205 and TRAIL-resistant HT-29 xenografts that had been treated with a potent agonist of TRAILR2 and in Colo205 tumors treated with 5-FU.Results: Three-dimensional (3D) MSOT images of probe distribution showed development of tumor contrast within 3 hours of probe administration and a signal-to-background ratio in regions containing dead cells of >10 after 24 hours. A site-directed mutant of C2Am that is inactive in PS binding showed negligible binding. Tumor retention of the active probe was strongly correlated (R2 = 0.97, P value < 0.01) with a marker of apoptotic cell death measured in histologic sections obtained post mortem.Conclusions: The rapid development of relatively high levels of contrast suggests that NIR fluorophore-labeled C2Am could be a useful optoacoustic imaging probe for detecting early therapy-induced tumor cell death in the clinic. Clin Cancer Res; 23(22); 6893-903. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangwen Xie
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michal R Tomaszewski
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - André A Neves
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Susana Ros
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - De-En Hu
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah McGuire
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Sarah E Bohndiek
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kevin M Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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21
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Abstract
PURPOSE Recently we showed that a number of carboxylated near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) cyanine dyes possess strong necrosis avid properties in vitro as well as in different mouse models of spontaneous and therapy-induced tumor necrosis, indicating their potential use for cancer diagnostic- and prognostic purposes. In the previous study, the detection of the cyanines was achieved by whole body optical imaging, a technique that, due to the limited penetration of near-infrared light, is not suitable for investigations deeper than 1 cm within the human body. Therefore, in order to facilitate clinical translation, the purpose of the present study was to generate a necrosis avid cyanine-based NIRF probe that could also be used for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). For this, the necrosis avid NIRF cyanine HQ4 was radiolabeled with 111indium, via the chelate diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA). PROCEDURES The necrosis avid properties of the radiotracer [111In]DTPA-HQ4 were examined in vitro and in vivo in different breast tumor models in mice using SPECT and optical imaging. Moreover, biodistribution studies were performed to examine the pharmacokinetics of the probe in vivo. RESULTS Using optical imaging and radioactivity measurements, in vitro, we showed selective accumulation of [111In]DTPA-HQ4 in dead cells. Using SPECT and in biodistribution studies, the necrosis avidity of the radiotracer was confirmed in a 4T1 mouse breast cancer model of spontaneous tumor necrosis and in a MCF-7 human breast cancer model of chemotherapy-induced tumor necrosis. CONCLUSIONS The radiotracer [111In]DTPA-HQ4 possessed strong and selective necrosis avidity in vitro and in various mouse models of tumor necrosis in vivo, indicating its potential to be clinically applied for diagnostic purposes and to monitor anti-cancer treatment efficacy.
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Ye J, Dong X, Jiang X, Jiang H, Li CZ, Wang X. Genome-wide functional analysis on the molecular mechanism of specifically biosynthesized fluorescence Eu complex. Oncotarget 2017; 8:72082-72095. [PMID: 29069770 PMCID: PMC5641113 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence imaging as an attractive diagnostic technique is widely employed for early diagnosis of cancer. Self-biosynthesized fluorescent Eu complex in situ in Hela cells have realized specifically and accurately fluorescence imaging for cancer cells. But the molecular mechanism of the in situ biosynthesized process is still unclear. In order to reveal this mechanism, we have investigated whole-genome expression profiles with cDNA microarray, incubated with Eu solution in Hela cells for 24 h. Methylthiazoltetrazolium (MTT) assay and laser confocal fluorescence microscopy study showed the low cytotoxicity and specifically fluorescence imaging of Eu complex in Hela cells. It is observed that 563 up-regulated genes and 274 down-regulated genes were differentially expressed. Meanwhile, quantitative RT-PCR was utilized to measure the expression of some important genes, which validated the results of microarray data analysis. Besides, GO analysis showed that a wide range of differential expression functional genes involved in three groups, including cellular component, molecular function and cellular biological process. It was evident that some important biological pathways were apparently affected through KEGG pathway analysis, including focal adhesion pathway and PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3' -kinase)-Akt signaling pathway, which can influence glycolytic metabolism and NAD(P)H-oxidases metabolic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ye
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xiawei Dong
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xuerui Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Chen-Zhong Li
- Nanobioengineering/Bioelectronics Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Xuemei Wang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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23
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Deán-Ben XL, Gottschalk S, Mc Larney B, Shoham S, Razansky D. Advanced optoacoustic methods for multiscale imaging of in vivo dynamics. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:2158-2198. [PMID: 28276544 PMCID: PMC5460636 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00765a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Visualization of dynamic functional and molecular events in an unperturbed in vivo environment is essential for understanding the complex biology of living organisms and of disease state and progression. To this end, optoacoustic (photoacoustic) sensing and imaging have demonstrated the exclusive capacity to maintain excellent optical contrast and high resolution in deep-tissue observations, far beyond the penetration limits of modern microscopy. Yet, the time domain is paramount for the observation and study of complex biological interactions that may be invisible in single snapshots of living systems. This review focuses on the recent advances in optoacoustic imaging assisted by smart molecular labeling and dynamic contrast enhancement approaches that enable new types of multiscale dynamic observations not attainable with other bio-imaging modalities. A wealth of investigated new research topics and clinical applications is further discussed, including imaging of large-scale brain activity patterns, volumetric visualization of moving organs and contrast agent kinetics, molecular imaging using targeted and genetically expressed labels, as well as three-dimensional handheld diagnostics of human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Deán-Ben
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - S Gottschalk
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - B Mc Larney
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. and Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - S Shoham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - D Razansky
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. and Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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24
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Haque A, Faizi MSH, Rather JA, Khan MS. Next generation NIR fluorophores for tumor imaging and fluorescence-guided surgery: A review. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2017-2034. [PMID: 28284863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a group of diseases responsible for the major causes of mortality and morbidity among people of all ages. Even though medical sciences have made enormous growth, complete treatment of this deadly disease is still a challenging task. Last few decades witnessed an impressive growth in the design and development of near infrared (NIR) fluorophores with and without recognition moieties for molecular recognitions, imaging and image guided surgeries. The present article reviews recently reported NIR emitting organic/inorganic fluorophores that targets and accumulates in organelle/organs specifically for molecular imaging of cancerous cells. Near infrared (NIR probe) with or without a tumor-targeting warhead have been considered and discussed for their applications in the field of cancer imaging. In addition, challenges persist in this area are also delineated in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashanul Haque
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
| | | | - Jahangir Ahmad Rather
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Muhammad S Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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25
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Stammes MA, Maeda A, Bu J, Scollard DA, Kulbatski I, Medeiros PJ, Sinisi R, Dubikovskaya EA, Snoeks TJA, van Beek ER, Chan AB, Löwik CWGM, DaCosta RS. The Necrosis-Avid Small Molecule HQ4-DTPA as a Multimodal Imaging Agent for Monitoring Radiation Therapy-Induced Tumor Cell Death. Front Oncol 2016; 6:221. [PMID: 27818949 PMCID: PMC5073092 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Most effective antitumor therapies induce tumor cell death. Non-invasive, rapid and accurate quantitative imaging of cell death is essential for monitoring early response to antitumor therapies. To facilitate this, we previously developed a biocompatible necrosis-avid near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging probe, HQ4, which was radiolabeled with 111Indium-chloride (111In-Cl3) via the chelate diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA), to enable clinical translation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the application of HQ4-DTPA for monitoring tumor cell death induced by radiation therapy. Apart from its NIRF and radioactive properties, HQ4-DTPA was also tested as a photoacoustic imaging probe to evaluate its performance as a multimodal contrast agent for superficial and deep tissue imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Radiation-induced tumor cell death was examined in a xenograft mouse model of human breast cancer (MCF-7). Tumors were irradiated with three fractions of 9 Gy each. HQ4-DTPA was injected intravenously after the last irradiation, NIRF and photoacoustic imaging of the tumors were performed at 12, 20, and 40 h after injection. Changes in probe accumulation in the tumors were measured in vivo, and ex vivo histological analysis of excised tumors was performed at experimental endpoints. In addition, biodistribution of radiolabeled [111In]DTPA-HQ4 was assessed using hybrid single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) at the same time points. RESULTS In vivo NIRF imaging demonstrated a significant difference in probe accumulation between control and irradiated tumors at all time points after injection. A similar trend was observed using in vivo photoacoustic imaging, which was validated by ex vivo tissue fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging. Serial quantitative radioactivity measurements of probe biodistribution further demonstrated increased probe accumulation in irradiated tumors. CONCLUSION HQ4-DTPA has high specificity for dead cells in vivo, potentiating its use as a contrast agent for determining the relative level of tumor cell death following radiation therapy using NIRF, photoacoustic imaging and SPECT in vivo. Initial preclinical results are promising and indicate the need for further evaluation in larger cohorts. If successful, such studies may help develop a new multimodal method for non-invasive and dynamic deep tissue imaging of treatment-induced cell death to quantitatively assess therapeutic response in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke A. Stammes
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Percuros BV, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Azusa Maeda
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jiachuan Bu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Iris Kulbatski
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Philip J. Medeiros
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Riccardo Sinisi
- LCBIM, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elena A. Dubikovskaya
- LCBIM, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas J. A. Snoeks
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ermond R. van Beek
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Ralph S. DaCosta
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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26
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Cruz LJ, Stammes MA, Que I, van Beek ER, Knol-Blankevoort VT, Snoeks TJ, Chan A, Kaijzel EL, Löwik CW. Effect of PLGA NP size on efficiency to target traumatic brain injury. J Control Release 2016; 223:31-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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