1
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Arsenault ER, Thorp JH, Polito MJ, Minder M, Dodds WK, Tromboni F, Maasri A, Pyron M, Mendsaikhan B, Otgonganbat A, Altangerel S, Chandra S, Shields R, Artz C, Bennadji H. Intercontinental analysis of temperate steppe stream food webs reveals consistent autochthonous support of fishes. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:2624-2636. [PMID: 36223323 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Quantifying the trophic basis of production for freshwater metazoa at broad spatial scales is key to understanding ecosystem function and has been a research priority for decades. However, previous lotic food web studies have been limited by geographic coverage or methodological constraints. We used compound-specific stable carbon isotope analysis of amino acids (AAs) to estimate basal resource contributions to fish consumers in streams spanning grassland, montane and semi-arid ecoregions of the temperate steppe biome on two continents. Across a range of stream sizes and light regimes, we found consistent trophic importance of aquatic resources. Essential AAs of heterotrophic microbial origin generally provided secondary support for fishes, while terrestrial carbon did not seem to provide significant, direct support. These findings provide strong evidence for the dominant contribution of carbon to higher-order consumers by aquatic autochthonous resources (primarily) and heterotrophic microbial communities (secondarily) in temperate steppe streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Arsenault
- Department of Environmental Biology, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York, USA.,Program in Environmental Studies, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine, USA.,Kansas Biological Survey and Center for Ecological Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - James H Thorp
- Kansas Biological Survey and Center for Ecological Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Michael J Polito
- Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Mario Minder
- Department of Biology, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, USA
| | - Walter K Dodds
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA
| | - Flavia Tromboni
- Department of Biology, Global Water Center, University of Nevada, Nevada, USA
| | - Alain Maasri
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Germany.,Academy of Natural Sciences, Drexel University, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark Pyron
- Department of Biology, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, USA
| | - Bud Mendsaikhan
- Institute of Geography and Geoecology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Amarbat Otgonganbat
- Ecology Program, Biological Department, National University of Mongolia, Mongolia
| | - Solongo Altangerel
- Institute of Geography and Geoecology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.,Ecology Program, Biological Department, National University of Mongolia, Mongolia
| | - Sudeep Chandra
- Department of Biology, Global Water Center, University of Nevada, Nevada, USA
| | - Robert Shields
- Department of Biology, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, USA
| | - Caleb Artz
- Department of Biology, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, USA
| | - Hayat Bennadji
- Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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2
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Roon DA, Dunham JB, Bellmore JR, Olson DH, Harvey BC. Influence of riparian thinning on trophic pathways supporting stream food webs in forested watersheds. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Roon
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA
- Department of Forest Engineering, Resources and Management Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - Jason B. Dunham
- Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center US Geological Survey Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - J. Ryan Bellmore
- Pacific Northwest Research Station USDA Forest Service Juneau Alaska USA
| | - Deanna H. Olson
- Pacific Northwest Research Station USDA Forest Service Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - Bret C. Harvey
- Pacific Southwest Research Station USDA Forest Service Arcata California USA
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3
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Charbonneau KL, Kidd KA, Kreutzweiser DP, Sibley PK, Emilson EJS, O'Driscoll NJ, Gray MA. Are There Longitudinal Effects of Forest Harvesting on Carbon Quality and Flow and Methylmercury Bioaccumulation in Primary Consumers of Temperate Stream Networks? ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:1490-1507. [PMID: 35297511 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Forest harvesting affects dissolved organic matter (DOM) and aqueous mercury inputs as well as the food web structure in small-headwater streams, but how these upstream changes manifest downstream is unclear. To address this uncertainty, we examined DOM quality, autochthony in the caddisfly Hydropsychidae (using δ2 H), and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in stream water and the caddisfly along a longitudinal gradient (first- to fourth-order streams, subcatchments of 50-1900 ha) in paired partially harvested and reference catchments in central Ontario, Canada. Although measures of DOM quality (specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm 2.20-11.62) and autochthony in caddisflies (4.9%-34.0%) varied among sites, no upstream-to-downstream differences in these measures were observed between the paired harvested and reference catchments. In contrast, MeHg levels in stream water (0.06-0.35 ng/L) and caddisflies (29.7-192 µg/kg dry wt) were significantly higher in the upstream sites but not the farthest downstream sites in the harvested catchments compared to the reference catchments. This suggests that while current mitigation measures used by forestry companies did not prevent elevated MeHg in water and invertebrates at smaller spatial scales (subcatchments of 50-400 ha), these upstream impacts did not manifest at larger spatial scales (subcatchments of 800-1900 ha). The present study advances our understanding of spatially cumulative impacts within harvested catchments, which is critical to help forest managers maintain healthy forest streams and their provisioning of aquatic ecosystem services. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1490-1507. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli L Charbonneau
- Department of Biological Sciences & Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen A Kidd
- Department of Biological Sciences & Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- School of Earth, Environment and Society, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - David P Kreutzweiser
- Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul K Sibley
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erik J S Emilson
- Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nelson J O'Driscoll
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Michelle A Gray
- Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management & Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
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4
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Díaz-Torres O, Lugo-Melchor OY, de Anda J, Pacheco A, Yebra-Montes C, Gradilla-Hernández MS, Senés-Guerrero C. Bacterial Dynamics and Their Influence on the Biogeochemical Cycles in a Subtropical Hypereutrophic Lake During the Rainy Season. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:832477. [PMID: 35479621 PMCID: PMC9037096 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.832477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lakes in subtropical regions are highly susceptible to eutrophication due to the heavy rainfall, which causes significant runoff of pollutants (e.g., nutrients) to reach surface waters, altering the water quality and influencing the microbial communities that regulate the biogeochemical cycles within these ecosystems. Lake Cajititlán is a shallow, subtropical, and endorheic lake in western Mexico. Nutrient pollution from agricultural activity and wastewater discharge have affected the lake’s water quality, leading the reservoir to a hypereutrophic state, resulting in episodes of fish mortality during the rainy season. This study investigated the temporal dynamics of bacterial communities within Lake Cajititlán and their genes associated with the nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and carbon biogeochemical cycles during the rainy season, as well as the influences of physicochemical and environmental variables on such dynamics. Significant temporal variations were observed in the composition of bacterial communities, of which Flavobacterium and Pseudomonas were the dominant genera. The climatological parameters that were most correlated with the bacterial communities and their functional profiles were pH, DO, ORP, turbidity, TN, EC, NH4+, and NO3–. The bacterial communities displayed variations in their functional composition for nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur metabolisms during the sampling months. The bacterial communities within the lake are highly susceptible to nutrient loads and low DO levels during the rainy season. Bacterial communities had a higher relative abundance of genes associated with denitrification, nitrogen fixation, assimilatory sulfate reduction, cysteine, SOX system, and all phosphorus metabolic pathways. The results obtained here enrich our understanding of the bidirectional interactions between bacterial communities and major biogeochemical processes in eutrophic subtropical lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osiris Díaz-Torres
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Servicios Analiticos y Metrologicos, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ofelia Yadira Lugo-Melchor
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Servicios Analiticos y Metrologicos, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - José de Anda
- Departamento de Tecnologia Ambiental, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Adriana Pacheco
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterrey, Mexico
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Wang S, Wang T, Xia W, Chen Z, Stewart SD, Yang F, Cheng G, Wang X, Wang D, Xie S. Longitudinal pattern of resource utilization by aquatic consumers along a disturbed subtropical urban river: Estimating the relative contribution of resources with stable isotope analysis. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:16763-16775. [PMID: 34938471 PMCID: PMC8668758 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of food resources by aquatic consumers reflects the structure and functioning of river food webs. In lotic water systems, where food availability and predator-prey relationships vary with gradient changes in physical conditions, understanding diet assimilation by local communities is important for ecosystem conservation. In the subtropical Liuxi River, southern China, the relative contribution of basal resources to the diet assimilation of functional feeding groups (FFGs) was determined by stable carbon (13C) and nitrogen (15N) isotope analyses. The output of Bayesian mixing models showed that diatom-dominated periphyton (epilithic biofilm), aquatic C3 plants (submerged hydrophytes), and suspended particulate organic matter (SPOM) associated with terrestrial C3 plants contributed the most to the diet assimilation of FFGs in the upper, middle, and lower reaches, respectively. The relative contribution of consumer diet assimilation was weighted by the biomass (wet weight, g/m2) of each FFG to reflect resource utilization at the assemblage level. From the upper to the lower reaches, the spatial variation in the diet assimilation of fish and invertebrate assemblages could be summarized as a longitudinal decrease in periphyton (from 57%-76% to <3%) and an increase in SPOM (from <7% to 51%-68%) with a notable midstream increase in aquatic C3 plants (23%-48%). These results indicate that instream consumers in the Liuxi River rely more on autochthonous production (e.g., periphyton and submerged hydrophytes) than on terrestrially derived allochthonous matter (e.g., terrestrial plants). The pattern of resource utilization by consumers in the mid-upper Liuxi River is consistent with findings from other open subtropical and neotropical rivers and provides evidence for the riverine productivity model. Our study indicates that protecting inherent producers in rivers (e.g., periphyton and submerged hydrophytes) and restoring their associated habitats (e.g., riffles with cobble substrate) are conducive to aquatic ecosystem management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Tuan‐Tuan Wang
- College of Ecology and EnvironmentHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Wen‐Tong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Zhong‐Bing Chen
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePragueCzech Republic
| | | | - Feng‐Juan Yang
- China Water Resources Pearl River Planning Surveying & Designing Co., Ltd.GuangzhouChina
| | - Gong Cheng
- Shenzhen Academy of Environmental SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Xiao‐Di Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Ding‐Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Song‐Guang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikouChina
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Woodborne S, Botha H, Huchzermeyer D, Myburgh J, Hall G, Myburgh A. Ontogenetic dependence of Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) isotope diet-to-tissue discrimination factors. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9159. [PMID: 34224610 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The diet of wild Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) is difficult to assess because they are cryptic and nocturnal predators that are extremely sensitive to disturbance by observers, and stomach content analysis is challenging, especially in large specimens. Stable light isotope analysis provides a means of assessing their diet, but diet-to-tissue discrimination factors have yet to be established for the species. METHODS Isotope ratio (15 N/14 N and 13 C/12 C expressed as δ15 N and δ13 C) analyses of scutes, claws, and blood of farmed crocodiles of different sizes were compared with the isotope values of their lifelong diet, which comprises chickens from a single supplier. RESULTS Systematic size dependence in the diet-to-tissue discrimination factors for scute collagen, scute keratin, and claw keratin is described in regression relationships against the snout to vent length. Fixed values are presented for erythrocytes and blood plasma because blood was not sampled from juveniles. CONCLUSIONS The diet-to-tissue discrimination factors help assess the diet of wild crocodiles. The diet of crocodiles from Lake Flag Boshielo shows a clear ontogenic shift, as has been seen in other studies, and the results strongly indicate a dependence on the terrestrial food web rather than a fish diet. That this population may exploit a terrestrial diet highlights potential conflicts for conserving Nile crocodiles outside protected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Woodborne
- Tandem & AMS Laboratory, iThemba LABS, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Stable Isotope Laboratory, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Hannes Botha
- Mpumalanga Tourism and Parks Agency, Scientific Services, Nelspruit, South Africa
- Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
| | | | - Jan Myburgh
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Grant Hall
- Stable Isotope Laboratory, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Albert Myburgh
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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7
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Trophic niches of native and nonnative fishes along a river-reservoir continuum. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12140. [PMID: 34108584 PMCID: PMC8190098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91730-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Instream barriers can constrain dispersal of nonnative fishes, creating opportunities to test their impact on native communities above and below these barriers. Deposition of sediments in a river inflow to Lake Powell, USA resulted in creation of a large waterfall prohibiting upstream movement of fishes from the reservoir allowing us to evaluate the trophic niche of fishes above and below this barrier. We expected niche overlap among native and nonnative species would increase in local assemblages downstream of the barrier where nonnative fish diversity and abundance were higher. Fishes upstream of the barrier had more distinct isotopic niches and species exhibited a wider range in δ15N relative to downstream. In the reservoir, species were more constrained in δ15N and differed more in δ13C, representing a shorter, wider food web. Differences in energetic pathways and resource availability among habitats likely contributed to differences in isotopic niches. Endangered Razorback Sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) aggregate at some reservoir inflows in the Colorado River basin, and this is where we found the highest niche overlap among species. Whether isotopic niche overlap among adult native and nonnative species has negative consequences is unclear, because data on resource availability and use are lacking; however, these observations do indicate the potential for competition. Still, the impacts of diet overlap among trophic generalists, such as Razorback Sucker, are likely low, particularly in habitats with diverse and abundant food bases such as river-reservoir inflows.
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Roussel J, Covain R, Vigouroux R, Allard L, Treguier A, Papa Y, Le Bail P. Fish communities critically depend on forest subsidies in small neotropical streams with high biodiversity value. Biotropica 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean‐Marc Roussel
- INRAE Institut Agro, Ecology and Ecosystem Health (UMR ESE) Rennes France
| | - Raphael Covain
- Department of Herpetology and Ichthyology JM Roussel Geneva Switzerland
| | - Regis Vigouroux
- Laboratoire Environnement de Petit Saut Hydreco Guyane Kourou France
| | - Luc Allard
- Laboratoire Environnement de Petit Saut Hydreco Guyane Kourou France
| | - Anne Treguier
- INRAE Institut Agro, Ecology and Ecosystem Health (UMR ESE) Rennes France
| | - Yvan Papa
- Department of Herpetology and Ichthyology JM Roussel Geneva Switzerland
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Sullivan SMP, Corra JW, Hayes JT. Urbanization mediates the effects of water quality and climate on a model aerial insectivorous bird. ECOL MONOGR 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Mažeika P. Sullivan
- Schiermeier Olentangy River Wetland Research Park School of Environment & Natural Resources The Ohio State University 2021 Coffey Road Columbus Ohio43210USA
| | - Joseph W. Corra
- Schiermeier Olentangy River Wetland Research Park School of Environment & Natural Resources The Ohio State University 2021 Coffey Road Columbus Ohio43210USA
| | - Jeffry T. Hayes
- Schiermeier Olentangy River Wetland Research Park School of Environment & Natural Resources The Ohio State University 2021 Coffey Road Columbus Ohio43210USA
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Chiapella AM, Kainz MJ, Strecker AL. Fatty acid stable isotopes add clarity, but also complexity, to tracing energy pathways in aquatic food webs. Ecosphere 2021; 12:e03360. [PMID: 34900386 PMCID: PMC8641385 DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tracing the flow of dietary energy sources, especially in systems with a high degree of omnivory, is an ongoing challenge in ecology. In aquatic systems, one of the persistent challenges is in differentiating between autochthonous and allochthonous energy sources to top consumers. Bulk carbon stable isotope values of aquatic and terrestrial prey often overlap, making it difficult to delineate dietary energy pathways in food webs with high allochthonous prey subsidies, such as in many northern temperate waterbodies. We conducted a feeding experiment to explore how fatty acid stable isotopes may overcome the challenge of partitioning autochthonous and allochthonous energy pathways in aquatic consumers. We fed hatchery-reared Arctic Char (Salvelinus alpinus) diets of either benthic invertebrates, terrestrial earthworms, or a mixture of both. We then compared how the stable carbon isotopes of fatty acids (δ13CFA) distinguished between diet items and respective treatments in S. alpinus liver and muscle tissues, relative to bulk stable isotopes and fatty acid profiles. Although a high degree of variability of fatty acid stable carbon isotope values was present in all three measures, our results suggest that the ability of this method to overcome the challenges of bulk stable isotopes may be overstated. Finally, our study highlights the importance of further experimental investigation, and consideration of physiological and biochemical processes when employing this emerging method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana M. Chiapella
- Department of Environmental Science and ManagementPortland State UniversityPortlandOregon97201USA
- Present address:
Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural ResourcesUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermont05401USA
| | - Martin J. Kainz
- WasserCluster Lunz—Inter‐University Centre for Aquatic Ecosystem ResearchLunz am SeeA‐3293Austria
- Department of Biomedical ResearchDanube University KremsKrems an der DonauAustria
| | - Angela L. Strecker
- Department of Environmental Science and ManagementPortland State UniversityPortlandOregon97201USA
- Institute for Watershed StudiesHuxley College of the EnvironmentWestern Washington UniversityBellinghamWashington98225USA
- Department of Environmental SciencesHuxley College of the EnvironmentWestern Washington UniversityBellinghamWashington98225USA
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Jackson BK, Stock SL, Harris LS, Szewczak JM, Schofield LN, Desrosiers MA. River food chains lead to riparian bats and birds in two mid‐order rivers. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Breeanne K. Jackson
- Resources Management and Science Division Yosemite National Park El Portal California 95318 USA
| | - Sarah L. Stock
- Resources Management and Science Division Yosemite National Park El Portal California 95318 USA
| | - Leila S. Harris
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology University of California Davis California 95616 USA
| | - Joseph M. Szewczak
- Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State University Arcata California 95521 USA
| | - Lynn N. Schofield
- Resources Management and Science Division Yosemite National Park El Portal California 95318 USA
| | - Michelle A. Desrosiers
- Resources Management and Science Division Yosemite National Park El Portal California 95318 USA
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12
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Kelson SJ, Power ME, Finlay JC, Carlson SM. Partial migration alters population ecology and food chain length: evidence from a salmonid fish. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne J. Kelson
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management University of California, Berkeley 130 Mulford Hall Berkeley California 94720 USA
| | - Mary E. Power
- Department of Integrative Biology University of California, Berkeley 23060 Valley Life Sciences Building #3140 Berkeley California 94720 USA
| | - Jacques C. Finlay
- College of Biological Sciences University of Minnesota 1987 Upper Buford Circle St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
| | - Stephanie M. Carlson
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management University of California, Berkeley 130 Mulford Hall Berkeley California 94720 USA
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13
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Bröder L, Davydova A, Davydov S, Zimov N, Haghipour N, Eglinton TI, Vonk JE. Particulate Organic Matter Dynamics in a Permafrost Headwater Stream and the Kolyma River Mainstem. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. BIOGEOSCIENCES 2020; 125:e2019JG005511. [PMID: 32714717 PMCID: PMC7375038 DOI: 10.1029/2019jg005511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ongoing rapid arctic warming leads to extensive permafrost thaw, which in turn increases the hydrologic connectivity of the landscape by opening up subsurface flow paths. Suspended particulate organic matter (POM) has proven useful to trace permafrost thaw signals in arctic rivers, which may experience higher organic matter loads in the future due to expansion and increasing intensity of thaw processes such as thermokarst and river bank erosion. Here we focus on the Kolyma River watershed in Northeast Siberia, the world's largest watershed entirely underlain by continuous permafrost. To evaluate and characterize the present-day fluvial release of POM from permafrost thaw, we collected water samples every 4-7 days during the 4-month open water season in 2013 and 2015 from the lower Kolyma River mainstem and from a small nearby headwater stream (Y3) draining an area completely underlain by Yedoma permafrost (Pleistocene ice- and organic-rich deposits). Concentrations of particulate organic carbon generally followed the hydrograph with the highest concentrations during the spring flood in late May/early June. For the Kolyma River, concentrations of dissolved organic carbon showed a similar behavior, in contrast to the headwater stream, where dissolved organic carbon values were generally higher and particulate organic carbon concentrations lower than for Kolyma. Carbon isotope analysis (δ13C, Δ14C) suggested Kolyma-POM to stem from both contemporary and older permafrost sources, while Y3-POM was more strongly influenced by in-stream production and recent vegetation. Lipid biomarker concentrations (high-molecular-weight n-alkanoic acids and n-alkanes) did not display clear seasonal patterns, yet implied Y3-POM to be more degraded than Kolyma-POM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bröder
- Department of Earth SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Geological InstituteSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Anya Davydova
- Northeast Science Station, Pacific Geographical Institute, Far East BranchRussian Academy of SciencesCherskiy, Republic of SakhaRussia
| | - Sergey Davydov
- Northeast Science Station, Pacific Geographical Institute, Far East BranchRussian Academy of SciencesCherskiy, Republic of SakhaRussia
| | - Nikita Zimov
- Northeast Science Station, Pacific Geographical Institute, Far East BranchRussian Academy of SciencesCherskiy, Republic of SakhaRussia
| | - Negar Haghipour
- Geological InstituteSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)ZürichSwitzerland
- Laboratory of Ion Beam PhysicsSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Timothy I. Eglinton
- Geological InstituteSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Jorien E. Vonk
- Department of Earth SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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14
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Ollivier QR, Maher DT, Pitfield C, Macreadie PI. Winter emissions ofCO2,CH4, and N2O from temperate agricultural dams: fluxes, sources, and processes. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Quinn R. Ollivier
- Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Geelong Victoria Australia
| | - Damien T. Maher
- Southern Cross Geoscience Southern Cross University Lismore New South Wales 2480 Australia
| | - Chris Pitfield
- Corangamite Catchment Management Authority Colac Victoria 3250 Australia
| | - Peter I. Macreadie
- Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Geelong Victoria Australia
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15
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Passy SI, Larson CA. Niche dimensionality and herbivory control stream algal biomass via shifts in guild composition, richness, and evenness. Ecology 2019; 100:e02831. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia I. Passy
- Department of Biology University of Texas at Arlington 501 S. Nedderman Drive Arlington Texas 76019 USA
| | - Chad A. Larson
- Washington State Department of Ecology Environmental Assessment Program 300 Desmond Drive SE Lacey Washington 98503 USA
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16
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Guiry E. Complexities of Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Biogeochemistry in Ancient Freshwater Ecosystems: Implications for the Study of Past Subsistence and Environmental Change. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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17
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Liew JH, Chua KWJ, Arsenault ER, Thorp JH, Suvarnaraksha A, Amirrudin A, Yeo DCJ. Quantifying terrestrial carbon in freshwater food webs using amino acid isotope analysis: Case study with an endemic cavefish. Methods Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia H. Liew
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Republic of Singapore
- School of Biological Science The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Kenny W. J. Chua
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Republic of Singapore
| | - Emily R. Arsenault
- Kansas Biological Survey and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology University of Kansas Lawrence Kansas USA
| | - James H. Thorp
- Kansas Biological Survey and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology University of Kansas Lawrence Kansas USA
| | - Apinun Suvarnaraksha
- Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources Maejo University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Ahmad Amirrudin
- School of Marine and Environmental Sciences University Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Terengganu Malaysia
| | - Darren C. J. Yeo
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Republic of Singapore
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18
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Erdozain M, Kidd K, Kreutzweiser D, Sibley P. Increased reliance of stream macroinvertebrates on terrestrial food sources linked to forest management intensity. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 29:e01889. [PMID: 30929306 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of how forest management practices affect the relative importance of autochthonous vs. allochthonous resource use by headwater stream food webs is relatively poor. To address this, we used stable isotope (C, N, and H) analyses of food sources and macroinvertebrates from 15 streams in New Brunswick (Canada) and assessed how different catchment conditions arising from the gradient in forest management intensity affect the contribution of autochthonous resources to these food webs. Aquatic primary production contributed substantially to the biomass of invertebrates in these headwater streams, especially for scrapers and collector-gatherers (25-75%). However, the contribution of algae to food webs decreased as forest management intensity (road density and associated sediments, water cations/carbon, and dissolved organic matter humification) increased, and as canopy openness decreased. This trend was probably due to an increase in the delivery of organic and inorganic terrestrial materials (dissolved and in suspension) in areas of greater harvesting intensity and road density, which resulted in more heterotrophic biofilms. Overall, results suggest that, despite the presence of riparian buffers, forest management can affect stream food web structure via changes in energy flows, and that increased protection should be directed at minimizing ground disturbance in areas with direct hydrological connection to streams and at reducing dissolved and particulate matter inputs from roads and stream crossings in catchments with high degrees of management activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitane Erdozain
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Biology Department, University of New Brunswick, 100 Tucker Park Road, Saint John, New Brunswick, E2L 4L5, Canada
| | - Karen Kidd
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Biology Department, University of New Brunswick, 100 Tucker Park Road, Saint John, New Brunswick, E2L 4L5, Canada
- Department of Biology, School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - David Kreutzweiser
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, P6A 2E5, Canada
| | - Paul Sibley
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
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19
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Farjalla VF, González AL, Céréghino R, Dézerald O, Marino NAC, Piccoli GCO, Richardson BA, Richardson MJ, Romero GQ, Srivastava DS. Terrestrial support of aquatic food webs depends on light inputs: a geographically-replicated test using tank bromeliads. Ecology 2018; 97:2147-2156. [PMID: 27859200 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Food webs of freshwater ecosystems can be subsidized by allochthonous resources. However, it is still unknown which environmental factors regulate the relative consumption of allochthonous resources in relation to autochthonous resources. Here, we evaluated the importance of allochthonous resources (litterfall) for the aquatic food webs in Neotropical tank bromeliads, a naturally replicated aquatic microcosm. Aquatic invertebrates were sampled in more than 100 bromeliads within either open or shaded habitats and within five geographically distinct sites located in four different countries. Using stable isotope analyses, we determined that allochthonous sources comprised 74% (±17%) of the food resources of aquatic invertebrates. However, the allochthonous contribution to aquatic invertebrates strongly decreased from shaded to open habitats, as light incidence increased in the tanks. The density of detritus in the tanks had no impact on the importance of allochthonous sources to aquatic invertebrates. This overall pattern held for all invertebrates, irrespective of the taxonomic or functional group to which they belonged. We concluded that, over a broad geographic range, aquatic food webs of tank bromeliads are mostly allochthonous-based, but the relative importance of allochthonous subsidies decreases when light incidence favors autochthonous primary production. These results suggest that, for other freshwater systems, some of the between-study variation in the importance of allochthonous subsidies may similarly be driven by the relative availability of autochthonous resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius F Farjalla
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, PO Box 68020, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
| | - Angélica L González
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.,Biology Department and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers, The State University of NJ, Camden, New Jersey, 08103, USA
| | - Régis Céréghino
- Ecolab (UMR-CNRS 5245), Université de Toulouse, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Dézerald
- CNRS, Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (UMR-CNRS 8172), Campus Agronomique, F-97379, Kourou Cedex, France
| | - Nicholas A C Marino
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, PO Box 68020, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
| | - Gustavo C O Piccoli
- Graduate Program in Animal Biology, IBILCE, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Barbara A Richardson
- 165 Braid Road, Edinburgh, EH10 6JE, UK.,Luquillo LTER, Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies, College of Natural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras, P.O. Box 70377, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00936-8377, USA
| | - Michael J Richardson
- 165 Braid Road, Edinburgh, EH10 6JE, UK.,Luquillo LTER, Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies, College of Natural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras, P.O. Box 70377, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00936-8377, USA
| | - Gustavo Q Romero
- Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), PO Box 6109, Campinas-SP, CEP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Diane S Srivastava
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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20
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Warren DR, Keeton WS, Kiffney PM, Kaylor MJ, Bechtold HA, Magee J. Changing forests—changing streams: riparian forest stand development and ecosystem function in temperate headwaters. Ecosphere 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dana R. Warren
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331 USA
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331 USA
| | - William S. Keeton
- Gund Institute for Ecological Economics, and The Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources University of Vermont Burlington Vermont 05405 USA
| | - Peter M. Kiffney
- Fish Ecology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service NOAA, 2725 Montlake Blvd. East Seattle Washington 98112 USA
| | - Matthew J. Kaylor
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331 USA
| | - Heather A. Bechtold
- Department of Biological Sciences Lock Haven University Lock Haven Pennsylvania 17745 USA
| | - John Magee
- New Hampshire Fish and Game Department Concord New Hampshire 03301 USA
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21
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Milligan HE, Pretzlaw TD, Humphries MM. Stable isotope differentiation of freshwater and terrestrial vascular plants in two subarctic regions. ECOSCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.2980/17-3-3282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Turner TF, Krabbenhoft TJ, Collyer ML, Krabbenhoft CA, Edwards MS, Sharp ZD. Retrospective stable isotope analysis reveals ecosystem responses to river regulation over the last century. Ecology 2015; 96:3213-26. [DOI: 10.1890/14-1666.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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McCauley DJ, Dawson TE, Power ME, Finlay JC, Ogada M, Gower DB, Caylor K, Nyingi WD, Githaiga JM, Nyunja J, Joyce FH, Lewison RL, Brashares JS. Carbon stable isotopes suggest that hippopotamus‐vectored nutrients subsidize aquatic consumers in an East African river. Ecosphere 2015. [DOI: 10.1890/es14-00514.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas J. McCauley
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106 USA
| | - Todd E. Dawson
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 USA
| | - Mary E. Power
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 USA
| | - Jacques C. Finlay
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108 USA
| | - Mordecai Ogada
- Conservation Solutions Afrika, P.O. Box 880, Nanyuki 10400 Kenya
| | - Drew B. Gower
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544 USA
| | - Kelly Caylor
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544 USA
| | - Wanja D. Nyingi
- National Museums of Kenya, Ichthyology Section, P.O. Box 40658-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - John M. Githaiga
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Judith Nyunja
- Kenya Wildlife Service, Wetlands Program, P.O. Box 40241-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Francis H. Joyce
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106 USA
| | - Rebecca L. Lewison
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182-4614 USA
| | - Justin S. Brashares
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 USA
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24
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Brandner J, Auerswald K, Schäufele R, Cerwenka AF, Geist J. Isotope evidence for preferential dispersal of fast-spreading invasive gobies along man-made river bank structures. ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES 2015; 51:80-92. [PMID: 25555038 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2014.993978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Invasive round goby Neogobius melanostomus and bighead goby Ponticola kessleri have successfully colonized freshwater and coastal habitats worldwide. The objective was to use stable isotope analyses to study the foraging and movement of both species at small spatial scales in the Upper Danube River, considering 861 samples from two different years, seasons and sides of the river in an area where limited mixing at a confluence occurs. A difference in δ(13)C of 1 ‰ between gobies from both river sides was observed in both species and reflected the isotope spacing in their dominant benthic prey Dikerogammarus villosus. These results suggest an absence of goby movement across the Danube River which was unexpected, given the fast spread of gobies at invasion fronts. It can be concluded that their dispersal is highly preferential with longitudinal movement likely being facilitated by artificial rip-rap structures along river banks, which provide shelter and food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Brandner
- a Wasserwirtschaftsamt Regensburg , Regensburg , Germany
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25
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Harding JN, Reynolds JD. Opposing forces: Evaluating multiple ecological roles of Pacific salmon in coastal stream ecosystems. Ecosphere 2014. [DOI: 10.1890/es14-00207.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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26
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Estes JA, Brashares JS, Power ME. Predicting and Detecting Reciprocity between Indirect Ecological Interactions and Evolution. Am Nat 2013; 181 Suppl 1:S76-99. [DOI: 10.1086/668120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Jardine TD, Kidd KA, Rasmussen JB. Aquatic and terrestrial organic matter in the diet of stream consumers: implications for mercury bioaccumulation. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2012; 22:843-55. [PMID: 22645815 DOI: 10.1890/11-0874.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The relative contribution of aquatic vs. terrestrial organic matter to the diet of consumers in fluvial environments and its effects on bioaccumulation of contaminants such as mercury (Hg) remain poorly understood. We used stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in a gradient approach (consumer isotope ratio vs. periphyton isotope ratio) across temperate streams that range in their pH to assess consumer reliance on aquatic (periphyton) vs. terrestrial (riparian vegetation) organic matter, and whether Hg concentrations in fish and their prey were related to these energy sources. Taxa varied in their use of the two sources, with grazing mayflies (Heptageniidae), predatory stoneflies (Perlidae), one species of water strider (Metrobates hesperius), and the fish blacknose dace (Rhinichthys atratulus) showing strong connections to aquatic sources, while Aquarius remigis water striders and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) showed a weak link to in-stream production. The aquatic food source for consumers, periphyton, had higher Hg concentrations in low-pH waters, and pH was a much better predictor of Hg in predatory invertebrates that relied mainly on this food source vs. those that used terrestrial C. These findings suggest that stream biota relying mainly on dietary inputs from the riparian zone will be partially insulated from the effects of water chemistry on Hg availability. This has implications for the development of a whole-system understanding of nutrient and material cycling in streams, the choice of taxa in contaminant monitoring studies, and in understanding the fate of Hg in stream food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Jardine
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
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28
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Shin HS, Amahashi N, Ao L, Mitamura O. Variation in trophic pathways and food web characteristics revealed by stable isotopes in an intermittent stream system of the Inukami River, Japan. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2011.604937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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29
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Marcarelli AM, Baxter CV, Mineau MM, Hall RO. Quantity and quality: unifying food web and ecosystem perspectives on the role of resource subsidies in freshwaters. Ecology 2011; 92:1215-25. [PMID: 21797150 DOI: 10.1890/10-2240.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Although the study of resource subsidies has emerged as a key topic in both ecosystem and food web ecology, the dialogue over their role has been limited by separate approaches that emphasize either subsidy quantity or quality. Considering quantity and quality together may provide a simple, but previously unexplored, framework for identifying the mechanisms that govern the importance of subsidies for recipient food webs and ecosystems. Using a literature review of > 90 studies of open-water metabolism in lakes and streams, we show that high-flux, low-quality subsidies can drive freshwater ecosystem dynamics. Because most of these ecosystems are net heterotrophic, allochthonous inputs must subsidize respiration. Second, using a literature review of subsidy quality and use, we demonstrate that animals select for high-quality food resources in proportions greater than would be predicted based on food quantity, and regardless of allochthonous or autochthonous origin. This finding suggests that low-flux, high-quality subsidies may be selected for by animals, and in turn may disproportionately affect food web and ecosystem processes (e.g., animal production, trophic energy or organic matter flow, trophic cascades). We then synthesize and review approaches that evaluate the role of subsidies and explicitly merge ecosystem and food web perspectives by placing food web measurements in the context of ecosystem budgets, by comparing trophic and ecosystem production and fluxes, and by constructing flow food webs. These tools can and should be used to address future questions about subsidies, such as the relative importance of subsidies to different trophic levels and how subsidies may maintain or disrupt ecosystem stability and food web interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Marcarelli
- Stream Ecology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA.
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30
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Finlay JC, Hood JM, Limm MP, Power ME, Schade JD, Welter JR. Light-mediated thresholds in stream-water nutrient composition in a river network. Ecology 2011; 92:140-50. [PMID: 21560684 DOI: 10.1890/09-2243.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The elemental composition of solutes transported by rivers reflects combined influences of surrounding watersheds and transformations within stream networks, yet comparatively little is known about downstream changes in effects of watershed loading vs. in-channel processes. In the forested watershed of a river under a mediterranean hydrologic regime, we examined the influence of longitudinal changes in environmental conditions on water-column nutrient composition during summer base flow across a network of sites ranging from strongly heterotrophic headwater streams to larger, more autotrophic sites downstream. Small streams (0.1-10 km2 watershed area) had longitudinally similar nutrient concentration and composition with low (approximately 2) dissolved nitrogen (N) to phosphorus (P) ratios. Abrupt deviations from this pattern were observed in larger streams with watershed areas > 100 km2 where insolation and algal abundance and production rapidly increased. Downstream, phosphorus and silica concentrations decreased by > 50% compared to headwater streams, and dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen increased by approximately 3-6 times. Decreasing dissolved P and increasing dissolved N raised stream-water N:P to 46 at the most downstream sites, suggesting a transition from N limitation in headwaters to potential P limitation in larger channels. We hypothesize that these changes were mediated by increasing algal photosynthesis and N fixation by benthic algal assemblages, which, in response to increasing light availability, strongly altered stream-water nutrient concentration and stoichiometry in larger streams and rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques C Finlay
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA.
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31
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32
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Larned ST, Eldridge PM, Kinzie RA. Modeling C and N flows through a stream food web: an inverse approach*. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1899/07-134.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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33
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Hoeinghaus DJ, Zeug SC. CAN STABLE ISOTOPE RATIOS PROVIDE FOR COMMUNITY-WIDE MEASURES OF TROPHIC STRUCTURE? COMMENT. Ecology 2008; 89:2353-7; discussion 2358-9. [DOI: 10.1890/07-1143.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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34
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Saito L, Redd C, Chandra S, Atwell L, Fritsen CH, Rosen MR. Quantifying foodweb interactions with simultaneous linear equations: stable isotope models of the Truckee River, USA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1899/06-115.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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35
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Finlay JC, Vredenburg VT. Introduced trout sever trophic connections in watersheds: consequences for a declining amphibian. Ecology 2007; 88:2187-98. [PMID: 17918397 DOI: 10.1890/06-0344.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Trophic linkages between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems are increasingly recognized as important yet poorly known features of food webs. Here we describe research to understand the dynamics of lake food webs in relation to a native riparian amphibian and its interaction with introduced trout. The mountain yellow-legged frog Rana muscosa is endemic to alpine watersheds of the Sierra Nevada Mountains and the Transverse Ranges of California, but it has declined to a small fraction of its historical distribution and abundance. Although remaining frogs and introduced trout feed in different habitats of alpine lakes, our stable-isotope analyses clearly show that the same resource base of benthic invertebrates sustains their growth. During one period, insect emergence from naturally fishless lakes was nearly 20-fold higher compared to adjacent lakes with trout, showing that fish reduce availability of aquatic prey to amphibious and terrestrial consumers. Although trout cannot prey on adult frogs due to gape limitation, foraging post-metamorphic frogs are 10 times more abundant in the absence of trout, suggesting an important role for competition for prey by trout in highly unproductive alpine watersheds. Most Sierran lakes contain fish, and those that do not are usually small isolated ponds; in our study, these two lake types supported the lowest densities of post-metamorphic frogs, and these frogs were less reliant on local, benthic sources of productivity. Since Rana muscosa was formerly the most abundant vertebrate in the Sierra Nevada, the reduction in energy flow from lake benthos to this consumer due to fish introductions may have had negative consequences for its numerous terrestrial predators, many of which have also declined. We suggest that disruptions of trophic connections between aquatic and terrestrial food webs are an important but poorly understood consequence of fish introduction to many thousands of montane lakes and streams worldwide and may contribute to declines of native consumers in riparian habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques C Finlay
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA.
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36
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McNeely C, Power ME. SPATIAL VARIATION IN CADDISFLY GRAZING REGIMES WITHIN A NORTHERN CALIFORNIA WATERSHED. Ecology 2007; 88:2609-19. [DOI: 10.1890/06-0796.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Abstract
We investigated the effect of grazing by a dominant invertebrate grazer (the caddisfly Glossosoma penitum) on the energy sources used by other consumers in a headwater-stream food web. Stable isotope studies in small, forested streams in northern California have shown that G. penitum larvae derive most of their carbon from algae, despite low algal standing crops. We hypothesized that the caddisfly competes with other primary consumers (including mayflies) for algal food and increases their reliance on terrestrial detritus. Because Glossosoma are abundant and defended from predators by stone cases, their consumption of algal energy may reduce its transfer up the food chain. We removed Glossosoma (natural densities >1000 caddisflies/m2) from five approximately 4 m2) stream sections during the summer of 2000 and measured responses of algae, invertebrate primary consumers, and invertebrate predators. The treatment reduced Glossosoma biomass by 80-90%. We observed a doubling in chlorophyll a per area in sections with reduced Glossosoma abundance and aggregative increases in the biomass of undefended primary consumers. Heptageniid mayfly larvae consumed more algae (as measured by stable carbon isotope ratios and gut content analysis) in caddisfly removal plots at the end of the 60-day experiment, although not after one month. We did not see isotopic evidence of increased algal carbon in invertebrate predators, however. Patterns of caddisfly and mayfly diets in the surrounding watershed suggested that mayfly diets are variable and include algae and detrital carbon in variable proportions, but scraping caddisflies consume primarily algae. Caddisfly and mayfly diets are more similar in larger, more productive streams where the mayflies assimilate more algae. Isotopic analysis, in combination with measurements of macroinvertebrate abundance and biomass in unmanipulated plots, suggested that a substantial portion of the invertebrate community (>50% of biomass) was supported, at least partially, by local algal carbon during midsummer. These data suggest that algae may be more important to community dynamics in headwater streams than their relatively low productivity would suggest. Through their high densities and relative invulnerability to predation, armored grazers may also affect community structure and flow of algal and detrital carbon in headwater streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille McNeely
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3140, USA.
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Edwards MS, Turner TF, Sharp ZD. Short- and Long-Term Effects of Fixation and Preservation on Stable Isotope Values (δ13C, δ15N, δ34S) of Fluid-Preserved Museum Specimens. COPEIA 2002. [DOI: 10.1643/0045-8511(2002)002[1106:salteo]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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