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Xu J, Wang H, Bian J, Xu M, Jiang N, Luo W, Zu P, Yin W, Zhu P. Association between the Maternal Mediterranean Diet and Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100159. [PMID: 38042258 PMCID: PMC10801312 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is a global, well-known healthy dietary pattern. This review aims to synthesize the existing evidence on the relationship between the maternal Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and perinatal outcomes, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies. PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to 10 March, 2023, supplemented by manual screening. A random-effect model was used to estimate pooled sizes with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for specific outcomes of interest. Data from 5 RCTs and 18 cohort studies with 107,355 pregnant participants were synthesized. In RCTs, it was observed that the maternal Mediterranean diet significantly reduced the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus [odds ratio (OR), 0.56; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.93], as well as small for gestational age (0.55; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.88). In cohort studies, the highest adherence score to the maternal Mediterranean diet was inversely associated with a lower risk of various adverse pregnancy outcomes, including gestational diabetes mellitus (OR, 0.82; 95% CI: 0.67, 1.00), pregnancy-induced hypertension (0.73; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.89), pre-eclampsia (0.77; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.93), preterm delivery (0.67; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.91), low birth weight (0.70; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.78), intrauterine growth restriction (0.46; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.91), and increased gestational age at delivery (weighted mean difference, 0.11 wk; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.20). Meta-regression analyses did not identify the adjustment for confounders and geographical location as predictive factors for heterogeneity. The results suggest that adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy appears to be beneficial for perinatal outcomes. Future, larger, and higher-quality RCTs and cohort studies are warranted to confirm the present findings. PROSPERO registration no.: CRD42023406317.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirong Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jingfeng Bian
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ping Zu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wanjun Yin
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Miranda J, Paules C, Noell G, Youssef L, Paternina-Caicedo A, Crovetto F, Cañellas N, Garcia-Martín ML, Amigó N, Eixarch E, Faner R, Figueras F, Simões RV, Crispi F, Gratacós E. Similarity network fusion to identify phenotypes of small-for-gestational-age fetuses. iScience 2023; 26:107620. [PMID: 37694157 PMCID: PMC10485038 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) affects 5-10% of pregnancies, is the largest contributor to fetal death, and can have long-term consequences for the child. Implementation of a standard clinical classification system is hampered by the multiphenotypic spectrum of small fetuses with substantial differences in perinatal risks. Machine learning and multiomics data can potentially revolutionize clinical decision-making in FGR by identifying new phenotypes. Herein, we describe a cluster analysis of FGR based on an unbiased machine-learning method. Our results confirm the existence of two subtypes of human FGR with distinct molecular and clinical features based on multiomic analysis. In addition, we demonstrated that clusters generated by machine learning significantly outperform single data subtype analysis and biologically support the current clinical classification in predicting adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Our approach can aid in the refinement of clinical classification systems for FGR supported by molecular and clinical signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jezid Miranda
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - Cristina Paules
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
- Aragon Institute of Health Research (IIS Aragon), Obstetrics Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Guillaume Noell
- University of Barcelona, Biomedicine Department, IDIBAPS, Centre for Biomedical Research on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Youssef
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Francesca Crovetto
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolau Cañellas
- Metabolomics Platform, IISPV, DEEiA, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Tarragona, Spain
| | - María L. Garcia-Martín
- BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Elisenda Eixarch
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Faner
- University of Barcelona, Biomedicine Department, IDIBAPS, Centre for Biomedical Research on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Figueras
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rui V. Simões
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research & Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fàtima Crispi
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
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Mazumder T, Rutherford S, Rahman SM, Talukder MR. Nutritional status of a young adult population in saline-prone coastal Bangladesh. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1095223. [PMID: 37325325 PMCID: PMC10267342 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1095223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Like many low- and middle-income countries, understanding the nutritional status of the young population in Bangladesh has had less attention. With projected climate change and associated sea level rise, the existing problem of salinity in coastal Bangladesh will significantly increase and further worsen agrobiodiversity. This research aimed to examine the nutritional status of a young population in climate-vulnerable coastal Bangladesh to inform appropriate intervention strategies to reduce the burden on health and economic outcomes. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2014, and anthropometric measures were conducted for 309 young people aged 19-25 years in a rural saline-prone subdistrict in southwestern coastal Bangladesh. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from body height and weight, and data about socio-demographic factors were collected. To identify the socio-demographic risk factors affecting undernutrition (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) and overweight/obesity (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2), multinomial logistic regression analysis was used. Results Overall, one-fourth of the study population was classified as underweight, and nearly one-fifth were overweight or obese. The proportion of underweight was significantly higher in women (32.5%) compared to that of men (15.2%). Overall, employment, especially in women, was associated with reduced odds of being underweight (adjusted odds ratio-aOR: 0.32; 95% confidence interval - CI: 0.11, 0.89). Subjects with secondary education incomplete (grades 6-9) compared to those with primary or below education (grades 0-5; aOR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.12, 5.59) and employed compared to those unemployed groups (aOR: 5.84; 95% CI: 2.67, 12.74) were more likely to be overweight or obese in this study population. These associations were more pronounced in women. Discussion Multisectoral program strategies are required to tackle the growing burden of malnutrition (both under and overweight) in this young age group tailored to local contexts including in climate-vulnerable coastal Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapas Mazumder
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Shannon Rutherford
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Syed Moshfiqur Rahman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Radwanur Talukder
- Wellbeing and Preventable Chronic Diseases (WPCD) Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, NT, Australia
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Human T-cell Leukaemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Prenatal adherence to the Mediterranean diet decreases the risk of having a small-for-gestational-age baby, ECLIPSES study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13794. [PMID: 35963881 PMCID: PMC9376108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17957-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is little evidence regarding the role that consuming a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) during pregnancy plays in foetal growth. We therefore examined the relationship between maternal MedDiet adherence during pregnancy and anthropometric measures and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) at birth in a Spanish population on the north-eastern Mediterranean coast of Spain. Prospective analysis involved 614 mother–newborn pairs from the ECLIPSES study. Diet during pregnancy was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and a relative MedDiet score (rMedDiet) was calculated. Neonatal information, including weight, length, head circumference and SGA (< 10th percentile) at birth, was recorded. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. The mean rMedDiet score was 9.8 (SD 2.1), ranging from 5 to 16 points. In the sample, 45% of the women had low (≤ 9 points), 32% had medium (10–11 points), and 22% had high (≥ 12 points) adherence to the rMedDiet. There was no association between rMedDiet and birth weight, length, head circumference or anthropometric indices (weight/length ratio and ponderal index). Pregnant women with a high rMedDiet score had a lower risk of delivering a SGA baby for weight (high vs low, OR = 0.36; 95% CI 0.16–0.79) and head circumference (high vs low, OR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.18–0.86), and a nonsignificant decrease in risk of SGA for length (high vs low, OR = 0.57; 95% CI 0.28–1.17). In conclusion, closer adherence to the MedDiet during pregnancy may have beneficial effects on foetal growth.
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Asefa F, Cummins A, Dessie Y, Foureur M, Hayen A. Influence of gestational weight gain on baby's birth weight in Addis Ababa, Central Ethiopia: a follow-up study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e055660. [PMID: 35701046 PMCID: PMC9198685 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational weight gain (GWG) is an important indicator of fetal well-being during pregnancy. Inadequate or excessive GWG could have undesirable effects on birth weight. However, information regarding the influence of GWG on birth weight is lacking from the Ethiopian setting. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the influence of GWG and other maternal-related factors on birth weight in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. DESIGN AND METHODS A cohort of pregnant women who received the first antenatal care before or at 16 weeks of gestation in health centres in Addis Ababa were followed from 10 January 2019 to 25 September 2019. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and medical record reviews. We conducted a multivariable linear regression analysis to determine the independent effect of gestational weight on birth weight. RESULTS Of the 395 women enrolled in the study, the participants' pregnancy outcome was available for 329 (83.3%). The mean birth weight was 3130 (SD, 509) g. The proportion of low birth weight (<2500 g) was 7.5% (95% CI 4.8% to 11.0%). Babies born to underweight women were 150.9 g (95% CI 5.8 to 308.6 g, p=0.049) lighter than babies born to normal-weight women. Similarly, babies whose mothers gained inadequate weight were 248 g (95% CI 112.8 to 383.6 g, p<0.001) lighter than those who gained adequate weight. Moreover, babies whose mothers had a previous history of abortion or miscarriages or developed gestational hypertension in the current pregnancy were 147.2 g (95% CI 3.2 to 291.3 g, p=0.045) and 310.7 g (95% CI 62.7 to 552.8 g, p=0.012) lighter, respectively, compared with those whose mothers had not. CONCLUSIONS Prepregnancy weight, GWG, having had a previous history of abortion or miscarriages, and developing gestational hypertension during a current pregnancy were independently associated with birth weight. Pregnancy-related weight management should be actively promoted through intensive counseling during routine antenatal care contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fekede Asefa
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Oromia, Ethiopia
- Centre for Midwifery, Child and Family Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Allison Cummins
- Centre for Midwifery, Child and Family Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yadeta Dessie
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Maralyn Foureur
- Centre for Midwifery, Child and Family Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Hunter New England Health, Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Hayen
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Xu R, Zhao W, Tan T, Li H, Wan Y. Paternal body mass index before conception associated with offspring's birth weight in Chinese population: a prospective study. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2021; 42:861-866. [PMID: 34590963 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2021.1945558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Whether paternal epigenetic changes resulting from nutrition might be inherited by their offspring remains unknown. This study evaluated the relationship between preconception paternal body weight and their offspring's birth weight in 1,810 Chinese mother-father-baby trios. Information on paternal and maternal preconception body weight and height was collected via a self-reported questionnaire. Birth weight was collected from medical records. Paternal preconception body weight was associated with offspring's birth weight (p trend = .02) after multivariate adjustment. Each standard deviation increment of paternal body mass index was associated with an additional 29.6 g increase of birth weight (95% confident interval: 5.7 g, 53.5 g). The association was more pronounced in male neonates, and neonates with overweight mothers, and with mothers who gained excessive gestational weight, compared to their counterparts (all p interaction < .05). Sensitivity analyses showed similar pattern to that of the main analysis. Paternal preconception body weight was associated with birth weight of their offspring.Impact statementWhat is already known on this subject? More efforts have previously been put on the maternal contribution to birth weight, however, it is uncertain whether paternal pre-conceptional body weight, an indicator for epigenetic information, might be inherited by their offspring.What do the results of this study add? In the current study that included 1,810 Chinese mother-father-baby trios, a small but significant association was observed between paternal preconception body weight and offspring's birth weight (p trend =.02).What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Paternal epigenetic information of nutrition could be inherited by their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renying Xu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Weixiu Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Tan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojie Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanping Wan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
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Kibr G. A Narrative Review of Nutritional Malpractices, Motivational Drivers, and Consequences in Pregnant Women: Evidence from Recent Literature and Program Implications in Ethiopia. ScientificWorldJournal 2021; 2021:5580039. [PMID: 34248425 PMCID: PMC8236338 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5580039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal nutrition is very important for the wellbeing of pregnant women, childbirth, and lactating women, which are crucial and meant for the wellbeing of a mother and newborn baby. This narrative review discusses nutritional malpractices, motivational drivers, and their consequences typically from Ethiopian pregnant women's context. Different studies (regarding less of study design and type) done among pregnant women (aged 15-49 years) by considering pregnancy-related outcomes and timing of nutritional malpractices were included mostly. Accordingly, taboos of healthy diets, craving for unhealthy foods (sweet, fat, raw, and salty/spicy foods), and nonfood items (soil, coffee residue, stone, and ash) were practiced majorly by the women. The birth difficulty, fetal head plastering, fetus discoloration, fetus burns, abortion, and abdominal cramp are the primary drivers of taboos of healthy diets. Hormonal change and social and nutrient-seeking behavior are the most prevalent drivers to the consumption of unhealthy foods. Additionally, personal interest, flavor, and color of items are important motivators to practice pica. Such pica practice hurts nutrient intake, absorption of iron/zinc, abdominal health, and diarrhea occurrence. Food taboos are high predictors of health disorders, such as intrauterine growth restriction, infection, bleeding, preeclampsia, stillbirth, early birth, low birth weight, retarded development of cognitive, and anemia. Craving and eating unhealthy foods were interconnected with chronic disease development (hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and cancer), discomforts, preterm labor, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction in women. Additionally, it is also associated with stillbirth, low birth weight, obesity, birth defect/deficit, hypertension, cancer, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, renal disease, decreased fetal growth, behavioral change, heart failure, and poor cognitive development in the infant. Overall, these nutritional malpractices are significantly associated with many argumentative pregnancies as well as developmental consequences leading to the direction of infant and maternal mortality and morbidity. Therefore, urgent implementation of health and nutrition education programs considering food misconceptions and beliefs regarding pregnancy and use of ground-breaking ways to play down the negative and maximize potential positive dietary effects designed by the government of Ethiopia could also serve as a long-term solution to the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesessew Kibr
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shambu Campus, Wollega University, P. O. Box: 38, Shambu, Ethiopia
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Yong HEJ, Chan SY. Current approaches and developments in transcript profiling of the human placenta. Hum Reprod Update 2021; 26:799-840. [PMID: 33043357 PMCID: PMC7600289 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The placenta is the active interface between mother and foetus, bearing the molecular marks of rapid development and exposures in utero. The placenta is routinely discarded at delivery, providing a valuable resource to explore maternal-offspring health and disease in pregnancy. Genome-wide profiling of the human placental transcriptome provides an unbiased approach to study normal maternal–placental–foetal physiology and pathologies. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE To date, many studies have examined the human placental transcriptome, but often within a narrow focus. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of human placental transcriptome studies, encompassing those from the cellular to tissue levels and contextualize current findings from a broader perspective. We have consolidated studies into overarching themes, summarized key research findings and addressed important considerations in study design, as a means to promote wider data sharing and support larger meta-analysis of already available data and greater collaboration between researchers in order to fully capitalize on the potential of transcript profiling in future studies. SEARCH METHODS The PubMed database, National Center for Biotechnology Information and European Bioinformatics Institute dataset repositories were searched, to identify all relevant human studies using ‘placenta’, ‘decidua’, ‘trophoblast’, ‘transcriptome’, ‘microarray’ and ‘RNA sequencing’ as search terms until May 2019. Additional studies were found from bibliographies of identified studies. OUTCOMES The 179 identified studies were classifiable into four broad themes: healthy placental development, pregnancy complications, exposures during pregnancy and in vitro placental cultures. The median sample size was 13 (interquartile range 8–29). Transcriptome studies prior to 2015 were predominantly performed using microarrays, while RNA sequencing became the preferred choice in more recent studies. Development of fluidics technology, combined with RNA sequencing, has enabled transcript profiles to be generated of single cells throughout pregnancy, in contrast to previous studies relying on isolated cells. There are several key study aspects, such as sample selection criteria, sample processing and data analysis methods that may represent pitfalls and limitations, which need to be carefully considered as they influence interpretation of findings and conclusions. Furthermore, several areas of growing importance, such as maternal mental health and maternal obesity are understudied and the profiling of placentas from these conditions should be prioritized. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Integrative analysis of placental transcriptomics with other ‘omics’ (methylome, proteome and metabolome) and linkage with future outcomes from longitudinal studies is crucial in enhancing knowledge of healthy placental development and function, and in enabling the underlying causal mechanisms of pregnancy complications to be identified. Such understanding could help in predicting risk of future adversity and in designing interventions that can improve the health outcomes of both mothers and their offspring. Wider collaboration and sharing of placental transcriptome data, overcoming the challenges in obtaining sufficient numbers of quality samples with well-defined clinical characteristics, and dedication of resources to understudied areas of pregnancy will undoubtedly help drive the field forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E J Yong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shiao-Yng Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Siddiqui KN. Diet as a tool for primordial cardiovascular prevention in developing countries. Panminerva Med 2021; 63:104-109. [PMID: 33878847 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.21.04268-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
There is a rising burden of non-communicable disease (NCD), especially cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the developing nations to an extent that they are sometimes terms as NCD epidemics. If unchecked, these NCD epidemics, can impact the healthcare systems and adversely affect the development of the whole country. While CVD is a matter of concern worldwide, it is even more so in low- and middle-income countries, where the incidence and prevalence of these diseases are much worse than developed countries, owning to their large population. According to the WHO, CVDs cause 28.5% of all deaths, in the developing nations. Even within the developing countries, the profile of CVD varies greatly, depending on the phase of epidemiological transition the country is currently undergoing. While primary prevention is about treating risk factors to prevent CVD, primordial prevention refers to avoiding the development of risk factors in the first place. As we now know, atherosclerosis starts in youth and is related to dyslipidemia, smoking, and hypertension, Body Mass Index and blood glucose levels. Therefore, the primordial prevention must start early in life. High-quality clinical trials have traditionally been mainly focusing on primary and secondary prevention settings. There are some key studies that evaluated the role of diet in primordial setting that were discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khawer N Siddiqui
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Ruby General Hospital, Kolkata, India -
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10
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Chao YM, Wu KLH, Tsai PC, Tain YL, Leu S, Lee WC, Chan JYH. Anomalous AMPK-regulated angiotensin AT 1R expression and SIRT1-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis at RVLM in hypertension programming of offspring to maternal high fructose exposure. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:68. [PMID: 32446297 PMCID: PMC7245869 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00660-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue oxidative stress, sympathetic activation and nutrient sensing signals are closely related to adult hypertension of fetal origin, although their interactions in hypertension programming remain unclear. Based on a maternal high-fructose diet (HFD) model of programmed hypertension, we tested the hypothesis that dysfunction of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-regulated angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) expression and sirtuin1 (SIRT1)-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis contribute to tissue oxidative stress and sympathoexcitation in programmed hypertension of young offspring. METHODS Pregnant female rats were randomly assigned to receive normal diet (ND) or HFD (60% fructose) chow during pregnancy and lactation. Both ND and HFD offspring returned to ND chow after weaning, and blood pressure (BP) was monitored from age 6 to 12 weeks. At age of 8 weeks, ND and HFD offspring received oral administration of simvastatin or metformin; or brain microinfusion of losartan. BP was monitored under conscious condition by the tail-cuff method. Nutrient sensing molecules, AT1R, subunits of NADPH oxidase, mitochondrial biogenesis markers in rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) were measured by Western blot analyses. RVLM oxidative stress was measured by fluorescent probe dihydroethidium and lipid peroxidation by malondialdehyde assay. Mitochondrial DNA copy number was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Increased systolic BP, plasma norepinephrine level and sympathetic vasomotor activity were exhibited by young HFD offspring. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was also elevated in RVLM where sympathetic premotor neurons reside, alongside augmented protein expressions of AT1R and pg91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase, decrease in superoxide dismutase 2; and suppression of transcription factors for mitochondrial biogenesis, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator α (PGC-1α) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM). Maternal HFD also attenuated AMPK phosphorylation and protein expression of SIRT1 in RVLM of young offspring. Oral administration of a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, simvastatin, or an AMPK activator, metformin, to young HFD offspring reversed maternal HFD-programmed increase in AT1R and decreases in SIRT1, PGC-1α and TFAM; alleviated ROS production in RVLM, and attenuated sympathoexcitation and hypertension. CONCLUSION Dysfunction of AMPK-regulated AT1R expression and SIRT1-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis may contribute to tissue oxidative stress in RVLM, which in turn primes increases of sympathetic vasomotor activity and BP in young offspring programmed by excessive maternal fructose consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Mei Chao
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Kay L H Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chia Tsai
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung Univeristy College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Steve Leu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chia Lee
- Division of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Julie Y H Chan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.
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11
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Perinatal Taurine Supplementation Prevents the Adverse Effects of Maternal Dyslipidemia on Growth and Cardiovascular Control in Adult Rat Offspring. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019. [PMID: 31468419 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8023-5_39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Maternal dyslipidemia induces metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in adult offspring. This study tests the hypothesis that perinatal taurine supplementation prevents the adverse effects of maternal dyslipidemia on growth and cardiovascular function in adult rat offspring. Female Wistar rats were fed normal rat chow and water with (Dyslipidemia) or without dyslipidemia induction (Control) by intraperitoneal Triton WR-1339 injection, three times a week for 4 weeks. The female Control and Dyslipidemia rats were supplemented with (Control+T, Dyslipidemia+T) or without 3% taurine in water from conception to weaning. After weaning, male and female offspring were fed normal rat chow and water throughout the experiment. At 16 weeks of age, body weights significantly increased in male but not female Dyslipidemia compared to other groups, while visceral fat content significantly increased in both male and female Dyslipidemia groups. Further, both sexes displayed similar high fasting blood sugar and normal plasma leptin levels among the groups. While plasma total cholesterol and triglycerides significantly increased only in female Dyslipidemia, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in both male and female Dyslipidemia groups. Mean arterial pressures and heart rates significantly increased, while baroreflex sensitivity decreased in male and female Dyslipidemia compared to all other groups. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not significantly different among male or female groups. These changes of the male and female Dyslipidemia group were ameliorated by perinatal taurine supplementation. The present study indicates that perinatal taurine supplementation prevents the adverse effects of maternal dyslipidemia on growth and cardiovascular function in both male and female, adult offspring.
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12
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Programming mediated by fatty acids affects uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) in brown adipose tissue. Br J Nutr 2019; 120:619-627. [PMID: 30176958 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518001629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has recently been given more attention for the part it plays in obesity. BAT can generate great amounts of heat through thermogenesis by the activation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1), which can be regulated by many environmental factors such as diet. Moreover, the build-up of BAT relates to maternal nutritional changes during pregnancy and lactation. However, at present, there is a limited number of studies looking at maternal nutrition and BAT development, and it seems that the research trend in this field has been considerably declining since the 1980s. There is much to discover yet about the role of different fatty acids on the development of BAT and the activation of UCP-1 during the fetal and the postnatal periods of life. A better understanding of the impact of nutritional intervention on the epigenetic regulation of BAT could lead to new preventive care for metabolic diseases such as obesity. It is important to know in which circumstances lipids could programme BAT during pregnancy and lactation. The modification of maternal dietary fatty acids, amount and composition, during pregnancy and lactation might be a promising strategy for the prevention of obesity in the offspring and future generations.
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13
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Xiang M, Zhang J, Liang H, Zhang Z, Konishi M, Hu H, Nishimaki M, Kim HK, Tabata H, Shimizu H, Arao T, Sakamoto S. Physical activity and dietary intake among Chinese pregnant women: an observational study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2019; 19:295. [PMID: 31412799 PMCID: PMC6693271 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-019-2452-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) and dietary intake are important modifiable factors associated with health outcomes. However, Chinese pregnant women's PA and dietary intake are only vaguely understood. The aim of this study was to reveal the characteristics of PA and dietary intake of Chinese women in different trimesters as well as the associations between PA and dietary intake. METHODS This is a cross-sectional observational study. PA, dietary intake, and demographics of 1077 Chinese pregnant women were measured. The Chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test, multiple logistic regression, and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. RESULTS About 57.1% of the participants met the international guideline for PA. Household activity and occupational activity contributed the most to the total PA, while sports/exercise contributed little. The mean energy intake of the participants was 2008 ± 748.0 kcal. Most participants had normal energy intake, but they obtained excessive energy from fat (mean = 41.7 ± 8.7%). PA was not found to be significantly associated with dietary intake. Further, the participants who were unemployed during pregnancy (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55-0.95; p < 0.05) or had no exercise habits before pregnancy (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47-0.80; p < 0.01) were less likely to meet the PA guideline. The participants in the third trimester (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.03-1.99; p < 0.05) were more likely to meet the PA guideline compared to those in the first trimester. The older participants (> 30 years) showed higher dietary intake than the younger (< 25 years) participants (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The total PA of Chinese women during pregnancy mostly consists of household and occupational activities, but little sports/exercise. Starting exercise before pregnancy may help women achieve adequate PA during pregnancy. Moreover, these women consumed an excessive amount of fat and their diet intake varies by age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Xiang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huigang Liang
- Department of Business Information & Technology, Fogelman College of Business & Economics, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA
| | - Zhiruo Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Huanhuan Hu
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mio Nishimaki
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hyeon-Ki Kim
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
- Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tabata
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
- Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisao Shimizu
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Arao
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shizuo Sakamoto
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
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14
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Kupsco A, Kioumourtzoglou MA, Just AC, Amarasiriwardena C, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Cantoral A, Sanders AP, Braun JM, Svensson K, Brennan KJM, Oken E, Wright RO, Baccarelli AA, Téllez-Rojo MM. Prenatal Metal Concentrations and Childhood Cardiometabolic Risk Using Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression to Assess Mixture and Interaction Effects. Epidemiology 2019; 30:263-273. [PMID: 30720588 PMCID: PMC6402346 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000000962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trace metal concentrations may affect cardiometabolic risk, but the role of prenatal exposure is unclear. We examined (1) the relation between blood metal concentrations during pregnancy and child cardiometabolic risk factors; (2) overall effects of metals mixture (essential vs. nonessential); and (3) interactions between metals. METHODS We measured 11 metals in maternal second-trimester whole blood in a prospective birth cohort in Mexico City. In children 4-6 years old, we measured body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, and blood pressure (N = 609); and plasma hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, leptin, and adiponectin (N = 411). We constructed cardiometabolic component scores using age- and sex-adjusted z scores and averaged five scores to create a global risk score. We estimated linear associations of each metal with individual z scores and used Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression to assess metal mixtures and interactions. RESULTS Higher total metals were associated with lower HbA1c, leptin, and systolic blood pressure, and with higher adiponectin and non-HDL cholesterol. We observed no interactions between metals. Higher selenium was associated with lower triglycerides in linear (β = -1.01 z score units per 1 unit ln(Se), 95% CI = -1.84, -0.18) and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression models. Manganese was associated with decreased HbA1c in linear models (β = -0.32 and 95% CI = -0.61, -0.03). Antimony and arsenic were associated with lower leptin in Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression models. Essential metals were more strongly associated with cardiometabolic risk than were nonessential metals. CONCLUSIONS Low essential metals during pregnancy were associated with increased cardiometabolic risk factors in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Kupsco
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marianthi-Anna Kioumourtzoglou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Allan C Just
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chitra Amarasiriwardena
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Alejandra Cantoral
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alison P Sanders
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Katherine Svensson
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kasey JM Brennan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea A. Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria M Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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15
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Yaya S, Wang R, Tang S, Ghose B. Intake of supplementary food during pregnancy and lactation and its association with child nutrition in Timor Leste. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5935. [PMID: 30479899 PMCID: PMC6240437 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract There is little evidence on maternal consumption of supplementary food on nutritional status of children. The objectives of this study were to measure the prevalence and determinants of supplementary food intake during pregnancy and lactation, and their association with nutritional status of under-five children in Timor Leste. Methods Cross-sectional data from Timor Leste Demographic and Health Survey on 5,993 mother (15-49 years) child dyads (<5 years) were included in the analysis. Self-reported intake of supplementary food intake was the explanatory variable. Child's nutritional status was assessed by stunting, wasting, and underweight and categorized according to WHO recommendations. Results The prevalence of taking supplementary food during pregnancy and lactation was, respectively, 29.1% (95% CI [27.2-31.0]) 31.0% (95% CI [29.1-33.0]), and that of taking iron supplement during pregnancy was close to three-fifths (63.1%, 95% CI [60.9-65.3]). The odds of taking supplementary food during pregnancy and lactation were lower among those in the younger age groups and higher among urban residents. Compared with mothers who had supplementary food during pregnancy and lactation, those did not have had respectively 1.36 (OR = 1.360, 95% CI [1.191-2.072]) and 1.15 times (OR = 1.152, 95% CI [1.019-1.754]) higher odds of having stunted, and 1.30 (OR = 1.307, 95% CI [1.108-1.853]) and 1.43 (OR = 1.426, 95% CI [1.140-1.863]) times higher odds of having underweight children. Those who had none of the supplements had respectively 1.67 (OR = 1.674, 95% CI [1.118-2.087]) and 1.63 (OR = 1.631, 95% CI [1.130-2.144]) times higher odds of having stunted and underweight children. Conclusion A great majority of the mothers in Timor Leste are not taking supplementary food during pregnancy and lactation. We found a positive relationship between supplementary food intake during pregnancy and lactation with stunting and wasting among under-five children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanni Yaya
- School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shangfeng Tang
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bishwajit Ghose
- School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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16
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Tibaut M, Caprnda M, Kubatka P, Sinkovič A, Valentova V, Filipova S, Gazdikova K, Gaspar L, Mozos I, Egom EE, Rodrigo L, Kruzliak P, Petrovic D. Markers of Atherosclerosis: Part 2 - Genetic and Imaging Markers. Heart Lung Circ 2018; 28:678-689. [PMID: 30318392 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This is Part 2 of a two-part review summarising current knowledge on biomarkers of atherosclerosis. Part 1 addressed serological biomarkers. Here, in part 2 we address genetic and imaging markers, and other developments in predicting risk. Further improvements in risk stratification are expected with the addition of genetic risk scores. In addition to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), recent advances in epigenetics offer DNA methylation profiles, histone chemical modifications, and micro-RNAs as other promising indicators of atherosclerosis. Imaging biomarkers are better studied and already have a higher degree of clinical applicability in cardiovascular (CV) event prediction and detection of preclinical atherosclerosis. With new methodologies, such as proteomics and metabolomics, discoveries of new clinically applicable biomarkers are expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miha Tibaut
- General Hospital Murska Sobota, Murska Sobota, Slovenia
| | - Martin Caprnda
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia; Department of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Andreja Sinkovič
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Slavomira Filipova
- Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarina Gazdikova
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nursing and Professional Health Studies, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Ludovit Gaspar
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Ioana Mozos
- Department of Functional Sciences, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania; Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Emmanuel E Egom
- Jewish General Hospital and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Canada; Department of Cardiology, The Adelaide and Meath Hospital Dublin, Incorporating the National Children Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luis Rodrigo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Center for Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Internal Medicine, Brothers of Mercy Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Daniel Petrovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Dib A, Payen C, Bourreau J, Munier M, Grimaud L, Fajloun Z, Loufrani L, Henrion D, Fassot C. In Utero Exposure to Maternal Diabetes Is Associated With Early Abnormal Vascular Structure in Offspring. Front Physiol 2018; 9:350. [PMID: 29670546 PMCID: PMC5893798 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim/hypothesis:In utero exposure to maternal diabetes increases the risk of developing hypertension and cardiovascular disorders during adulthood. We have previously shown that this is associated with changes in vascular tone in favor of a vasoconstrictor profile, which is involved in the development of hypertension. This excessive constrictor tone has also a strong impact on vascular structure. Our objective was to study the impact of in utero exposure to maternal diabetes on vascular structure and remodeling induced by chronic changes in hemodynamic parameters. Methods and Results: We used an animal model of rats exposed in utero to maternal hyperglycemia (DMO), which developed hypertension at 6 months of age. At a pre-hypertensive stage (3 months of age), we observed deep structural modifications of the vascular wall without any hemodynamic perturbations. Indeed, in basal conditions, resistance arteries of DMO rats are smaller than those of control mother offspring (CMO) rats; in addition, large arteries like thoracic aorta of DMO rats have an increase of smooth muscle cell attachments to elastic lamellae. In an isolated perfused kidney, we also observed a leftward shift of the flow/pressure relationship, suggesting a rise in renal peripheral vascular resistance in DMO compared to CMO rats. In this context, we studied vascular remodeling in response to reduced blood flow by in vivo mesenteric arteries ligation. In DMO rats, inward remodeling induced by a chronic reduction in blood flow (1 or 3 weeks after ligation) did not occur by contrast to CMO rats in which arterial diameter decreased from 428 ± 17 μm to 331 ± 20 μm (at 125 mmHg, p = 0.001). In these animals, the transglutaminase 2 (TG2) pathway, essential for inward remodeling development in case of flow perturbations, was not activated in low-flow (LF) mesenteric arteries. Finally, in old hypertensive DMO rats (18 months of age), we were not able to detect a pressure-induced remodeling in thoracic aorta. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate for the first time that in utero exposure to maternal diabetes induces deep changes in the vascular structure. Indeed, the early narrowing of the microvasculature and the structural modifications of conductance arteries could be a pre-emptive adaptation to fetal programming of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Dib
- UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6015, INSERM U1083, MITOVASC, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Cyrielle Payen
- UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6015, INSERM U1083, MITOVASC, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Jennifer Bourreau
- UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6015, INSERM U1083, MITOVASC, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Mathilde Munier
- UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6015, INSERM U1083, MITOVASC, University of Angers, Angers, France.,University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France.,Reference Center for Rare Disease of Thyroid and Hormone Receptors, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Linda Grimaud
- UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6015, INSERM U1083, MITOVASC, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- Faculty of Sciences III, Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Laurent Loufrani
- UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6015, INSERM U1083, MITOVASC, University of Angers, Angers, France.,University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Daniel Henrion
- UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6015, INSERM U1083, MITOVASC, University of Angers, Angers, France.,University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Céline Fassot
- UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6015, INSERM U1083, MITOVASC, University of Angers, Angers, France
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18
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Peng P, Ma CL, Wan SM, Jin WS, Gao Y, Huang TQ, Cheng Q, Ye CL. [Effect of metformin on insulin resistance during catch-up growth in mice with fetal growth restriction]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2017; 37:1126-1130. [PMID: 28801297 PMCID: PMC6765734 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.08.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the efficacy of metformin intervention on insulin resistance during catch-up growth in mice with fetal growth restriction (FGR). METHODS Mouse models of FGR were established by low protein diet feeding of the pregnant mice. Both the newborn female mice with FGR and normal control (NC) mice were randomized for feeding with a standard diet (SF) or a high-fat diet (HF) after weaning and treatment with gavage of either metformin or normal saline. The mice were examined for vaginal opening time and the estrous cycle at the age of 8 weeks. At the age of 12 weeks, 6 mice in anestrus from each group were fasted for 12 h for measurement of body weight, height, poundera index (PI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (Fins), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), and the HOMA-IR was calculated. The reproductive capacity of female mice was assessed by mixing them with male mice at the ratio of 2:1. The 3 × 2 factorial analysis was conducted to determine the interactions between FGR, high-fat feeding and metformin. RESULTS Factorial analysis showed that FGR and high-fat feeding had significant effects on the PI index, Fins, HOMA-IR, vaginal opening time, and AMH (P<0.05). Metformin significantly affected the factors related to high-fat feeding including weight, PI, FPG, Fins, HOMA-IR and estrous cycle (P<0.05) and the factors related to FGR with the exception of height and FSH (P<0.05). FGR significantly affected the factors tested except for body weight (P<0.05); high-fat feeding affected all the factors but the FSH (P<0.05); metformin affected all the factors but the height and FSH (P<0.05). In the female mice treated with saline, the pregnancy rates differed significantly between FGR mice with high-fat feeding and control mice with standard feeding, and between FGR mice with standard feeding and high-fat feeding (P<0.05). CONCLUSION FGR mice can present with delayed puberty with rare ovulation and adulthood insulin resistance, and high-fat feeding after birth can promote the catch-up growth of FGR mice. Metformin intervention is effective for improving insulin resistance and reproductive-endocrine disorders in FGR mice during catch-up growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, China. E-mail:
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Szostak-Węgierek D, Waśkiewicz A, Piotrowski W, Stepaniak U, Pająk A, Kwaśniewska M, Nadrowski P, Niklas A, Puch-Walczak A, Drygas W. Metabolic syndrome and its components in Polish women of childbearing age: a nationwide study. BMC Public Health 2017; 18:15. [PMID: 28705231 PMCID: PMC5508652 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4564-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal body mass and related metabolic disorders may affect female reproductive health. The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of underweight, overweight, obesity, lipid and glucose metabolism disorders, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome, among Polish women of childbearing age. METHODS One thousand five hundred eighty-eight non-pregnant Polish women of childbearing age (20-49 years) who participated in the Multi-Centre National Population Health Examination Survey (WOBASZ II study) in 2013-2014, were assigned to 3 age groups: 20-29 years (n = 403), 30-39 years (n = 600) and 40-49 years (n = 585). Measurements of weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood lipids, and blood glucose were taken. For statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-Square, and Cohran-Armitage tests were used. RESULTS Of the participants, 4.3% were determined to be underweight, 25.2% were overweight, 15% were obese, and 53.1% had abdominal obesity. With age, the prevalence of both excessive body mass and abdominal obesity tended to increase, and that of underweight to decrease. Frequency of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia found in the whole group were 50% and 12.6% respectively, and also tended to rise with age. Low serum HDL-cholesterol (high density lipoprotein cholesterol) levels were found in 15.1% of the participants. Prevalence of impaired fasting glucose in the whole group was 8.2% and tended to increase with age. Diabetes was found in 1.2% of the participants and its prevalence also tended to rise with age, at the borderline of significance. Frequency of arterial hypertension and metabolic syndrome in the whole group was 15.7% and 14.1% respectively and both tended to increase with age. CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obesity, especially of abdominal type, and the related metabolic abnormalities are common in Polish women of childbearing age. Their prevalence tends to increase with age. Underweight is relatively common in the youngest age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Szostak-Węgierek
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Erazma Ciołka 27, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Waśkiewicz
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Walerian Piotrowski
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Stepaniak
- Deparment of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Crakow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pająk
- Deparment of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Crakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kwaśniewska
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Nadrowski
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Upper Silesian Centre of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Niklas
- Department of Hypertension, Angiology, and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Puch-Walczak
- Department of Arterial Hypertension and Diabetology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Wojciech Drygas
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Moussa YY, Tawfik SH, Haiba MM, Saad MI, Hanafi MY, Abdelkhalek TM, Oriquat GA, Kamel MA. Disturbed nitric oxide and homocysteine production are involved in the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in the F1 offspring of maternal obesity and malnutrition. J Endocrinol Invest 2017; 40:611-620. [PMID: 28028785 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0600-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to evaluate the changes in levels of different independent risk factors for vascular diseases in the rat offspring of maternal obesity and malnutrition as maternal health disturbances are thought to have direct consequences on the offspring health. The effect of postnatal diet on the offspring was also assessed. METHODS Three groups of female Wistar rats were used (control, obese and malnourished). After the pregnancy and delivery, the offspring were weaned to control diet or high-caloric (HCD) diet and followed up for 30 weeks. Every 5 weeks postnatal, 20 pups (10 males and 10 females) of each subgroup were sacrificed after overnight fasting, the blood sample was obtained, and the rats were dissected out to obtain heart muscle. The following parameters were assessed; lipid profile, NEFA, homocysteine (Hcy), nitric oxide end product (NOx) and myocardial triglyceride content. RESULTS Maternal obesity and malnutrition caused significant elevation in the body weight, triglycerides, NEFA, Hcy and NOx in the F1 offspring especially those maintained under HCD. Also, the male offspring showed more prominent changes than female offspring. CONCLUSIONS Maternal malnutrition and obesity may increase the risk of the development of cardiovascular diseases in the offspring, especially the male ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Moussa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - S H Tawfik
- Molecular Medicine Department, Padova University, Padua, Italy
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - M M Haiba
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - M I Saad
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - M Y Hanafi
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - T M Abdelkhalek
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - G A Oriquat
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - M A Kamel
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Review: Effects of maternal micronutrient supplementation on placental function. Placenta 2017; 54:38-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Wang H, Mueller NT, Li J, Sun N, Huo Y, Ren F, Wang X. Association of Maternal Plasma Folate and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Pregnancy with Elevated Blood Pressure of Offspring in Childhood. Am J Hypertens 2017; 30:532-540. [PMID: 28338750 PMCID: PMC5861539 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpx003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of childhood elevated blood pressure (BP) has increased in the United States, particularly among African Americans. The influence of maternal plasma folate levels, alone or in combination with maternal cardiometabolic risk factors (hypertensive disorders, diabetes, and prepregnancy obesity), on child systolic BP (SBP) has not been examined in a prospective birth cohort. We hypothesize that adequate maternal folate levels can reduce the risk of elevated SBP in children born to mothers with cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS This study included 1,290 mother-child dyads (875 African Americans (67.8%)) recruited at birth and followed prospectively up to age 9 years from 2003 to 2014 at the Boston Medical Center. Child SBP percentile was calculated according to US reference data and elevated SBP was defined as SBP ≥75th percentile. RESULTS Maternal folate levels, overall, were not associated with child SBP. However, we found a significant multiplicative interaction between maternal cardiometabolic risk factors and maternal folate levels (Pinteraction = 0.015) on childhood elevated SBP. Among children born to mothers with any cardiometabolic risk factors, those whose mothers had folate levels above (vs. below) the median had 40% lower odds of elevated childhood SBP (odds ratio = 0.60, 95% confidence interval: 0.40-0.90). The associations did not differ appreciably in analyses restricted to African Americans, and they were not explained by gestational age, size at birth, prenatal folate intake, or breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS Findings from our urban minority birth cohort suggest that higher levels of maternal folate may help counteract the adverse associations of maternal cardiometabolic risk factors on child SBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Noel T Mueller
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ninglin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fazheng Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, and Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Gutierrez-Gomez Y, Stein AD, Ramakrishnan U, Barraza-Villarreal A, Moreno-Macias H, Aguilar-Salinas C, Romieu I, Rivera JA. Prenatal Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation Does Not Affect Nonfasting Serum Lipid and Glucose Concentrations of Offspring at 4 Years of Age in a Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial in Mexico. J Nutr 2017; 147:242-247. [PMID: 28003539 PMCID: PMC5265691 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.238329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has regulatory effects on lipid and glucose metabolism. Differences in DHA availability during specific developmental windows may program metabolic changes. OBJECTIVE We investigated the effects of maternal DHA supplementation during pregnancy on the nonfasting serum lipid and glucose concentrations of offspring at 4 y of age. METHODS We used data from the Prenatal Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation, Growth, and Development trial, a double-blind randomized controlled trial conducted in Mexico. Pregnant women were supplemented daily with 400 mg DHA or placebo from 18-22 wk of gestation to delivery. The primary outcomes of the trial were offspring growth and neurological development. Nonfasting blood samples were obtained from the offspring at 4 y of age. We analyzed serum total, HDL, non-HDL, and LDL cholesterol; the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio; apolipoprotein B (apoB); triglycerides; glucose; and insulin as secondary outcomes and compared their concentrations between treatment groups. RESULTS Data from 524 offspring were available. The women were compliant with the intervention based on pill counts and changes in cord blood and breast milk DHA concentrations. None of the between-group differences (DHA compared with placebo), adjusted for maternal height and time since last food intake, were significant (P range 0.27-0.83). Means (95% CIs) were as follows: total cholesterol (TC), 1.73 mg/dL (-2.63, 6.09 mg/dL); HDL cholesterol, 0.66 mg/dL (-1.07, 2.39 mg/dL); non-HDL cholesterol, 1.77 mg/dL (-1.83, 5.37 mg/dL); LDL cholesterol, 1.62 mg/dL (-2.21, 5.45 mg/dL); TC:HDL ratio, 0.01 (-0.09, 0.11); apoB, -0.15 mg/dL (-2.78, 2.48 mg/dL); triglycerides, 0.21 mg/dL (-10.93, 10.52 mg/dL); glucose, -0.67 mg/dL (-2.46, 1.11 mg/dL); and insulin, 0.62 μU/mL (-0.88, 2.11 μU/mL). CONCLUSION Prenatal DHA supplementation does not affect nonfasting serum lipid and glucose concentrations of offspring at 4 y of age. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00646360.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yareni Gutierrez-Gomez
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research and
- Department of Nutrition, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aryeh D Stein
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Usha Ramakrishnan
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Albino Barraza-Villarreal
- Center for Population Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (National Institute of Public Health), Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Hortensia Moreno-Macias
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (Metropolitan Autonomous University), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Aguilar-Salinas
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition Salvador Zubiran), Mexico City, Mexico; and
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Department, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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The effects of prenatal metformin on obesogenic diet-induced alterations in maternal and fetal fatty acid metabolism. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2016; 13:55. [PMID: 27555877 PMCID: PMC4994240 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0115-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal obesity may program the fetus and increase the susceptibility of the offspring to adult diseases. Metformin crosses the placenta and has been associated with decreased inflammation and reversal of fatty liver in obese leptin-deficient mice. We investigated the effects of metformin on maternal and fetal lipid metabolism and hepatic inflammation using a rat model of diet-induced obesity during pregnancy. Methods Female Wistar rats (6–7 weeks old) were fed normal or high calorie diets for 5 weeks. After mating with normal-diet fed males, half of the high calorie-fed dams received metformin (300 mg/kg, daily); dams (8 per group) continued diets through gestational day 19. Maternal and fetal livers and fetal brains were analyzed for fatty acids and for fatty acid metabolism-related gene expression. Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc testing. Results When compared to control-lean maternal livers, obesogenic-diet-exposed maternal livers showed significantly higher saturated fatty acids (14:0 and 16:0) and monounsaturated fatty acids (16:1n7 and 18:1n9) and lower polyunsaturated (18:2n6 and 20:4n6 [arachidonic acid]) and anti-inflammatory n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (18:3n3 and 22:6n3 [docosahexaenoic acid]) (p < 0.05). Metformin did not affect diet-induced changes in maternal livers. Fetal livers exposed to the high calorie diet showed significantly increased saturated fatty acids (18:0) and monounsaturated fatty acids (18:1n9 and 18:1n7) and decreased polyunsaturated fatty acids (18:2n6, 20:4n6 and 22:6n3) and anti-inflammatory n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, along with increased gene expression of fatty acid metabolism markers (Fasn, D5d, D6d, Scd1, Lxrα). Metformin significantly attenuated diet-induced inflammation and 18:1n9 and 22:6n3 in fetal livers, as well as n3 fatty acids (p < 0.05). Prenatal obesogenic diet exposure significantly increased fetal liver IFNγ levels (p < 0.05), which was reversed by maternal metformin treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusions Consumption of a high calorie diet significantly affected maternal and fetal fatty acid metabolism. It reduced anti-inflammatory polyunsaturated fatty acids in maternal and fetal livers, altered gene expression of fatty acid metabolism markers, and induced inflammation in the fetal livers. Prenatal metformin attenuated some diet-induced fatty acid changes and inflammation in the fetal livers without affecting maternal livers, suggesting that maternal metformin may impact fetal/neonatal fatty acid/lipid metabolism. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12986-016-0115-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Vasilevski V, Carolan-Olah M. Food taboos and nutrition-related pregnancy concerns among Ethiopian women. J Clin Nurs 2016; 25:3069-75. [PMID: 27411855 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To discuss Ethiopian food taboos during pregnancy and their relation to maternal nutritional status and pregnancy outcomes. BACKGROUND Recent waves of migration have seen large groups of Ethiopian refugees moving to countries around the globe. This is of concern as Ethiopian women are at risk of a number of medical and pregnancy complications. Health is further compromised by poor diet and adherence to cultural food beliefs and taboos. In refugee women, many of these factors correspond with significantly higher rates of pregnancy complications and poor birth outcomes. DESIGN This is a discussion paper informed by a literature review. METHODS A search of the Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and Academic Search Premier databases for the keywords Ethiopian, pregnancy, food and taboos was conducted in the research literature published from 1998-2015. This time is contingent with Ethiopian migration trends. RESULTS Ethiopian migrant women are at risk of inadequate nutrition during pregnancy. Risks include cultural factors associated with food taboos as well as issues associated with low socioeconomic status. Consequently, Ethiopian women are more likely to have nutritional deficiencies such as anaemia which have been associated with a range of pregnancy complications. CONCLUSIONS There are many serious consequences of poor diet during pregnancy; however, most of these can be avoided by greater awareness about the role of nutrition during pregnancy and by adopting a balanced diet. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE There is an urgent unmet need for nutrition education among Ethiopian women. Research indicates that Ethiopian women are receptive to nutritional advice during pregnancy and also that pregnant women are generally motivated to act in the baby's interest. These factors suggest that this high-risk group would be amenable to culturally appropriate nutrition education, which would provide much-needed meaningful support in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidanka Vasilevski
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
| | - Mary Carolan-Olah
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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Ramaiyan B, Bettadahalli S, Talahalli RR. Dietary omega-3 but not omega-6 fatty acids down-regulate maternal dyslipidemia induced oxidative stress: A three generation study in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:887-894. [PMID: 27373826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal nutrition modulates fetal metabolic programming and development later. Maternal dyslipidemia effects on oxidative stress (OS) in offsprings and its modulation by dietary fatty acids over generations remains to be elucidated. The objective of present study was to assess the long-term (three generations) effect of omega-3 fatty acids on OS under dyslipidemia. METHODS Weanling female Wistar rats were fed with control diet (7% lard), high fat diet (35% lard, HFL), high fat with fish oil (21% fish oil + 14% lard, HFF), high fat with canola oil (21% canola oil + 14% lard, HFC) and high fat with sunflower oil (21% sunflower oil + 14% lard, HFS). Following 60 days feeding, the female rats were mated with sexually matured males (fed normal chow diet) and continued with the above diet regimen during pregnancy and lactation. The pups after lactation were continued with their maternal diet for 60 days and subjected to mating and feeding trial as above for two generations. Serum lipid profiles, OS markers (lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide release and protein carbonyl) and antioxidant defence enzymes (catalase, SOD, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase) were assessed in serum, liver and uterus of rats fed on experimental and control diets for three generations. RESULTS Feeding HFL diet increased blood lipids, OS and lowered the antioxidant enzymes activity in serum, liver and uterus (p < 0.05). The reduction in the antioxidant enzymes in HFL group were higher in third followed by second generation compared to first generation (p < 0.05). Omega-3 fatty acids prevented the dyslipidemia induced loss of antioxidant enzyme activities in serum, liver and uterus. CONCLUSIONS Our data show for the first time that offsprings born to dyslipidemic mothers' exhibit diminished enzymatic antioxidant defence and its progressive reduction in future generation, and dietary omega-3 fatty acids restore the enzymatic antioxidant defence in offsprings and suppress the markers of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breetha Ramaiyan
- Dept. of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, Karnataka, India
| | - Sadashivaiah Bettadahalli
- Dept. of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, Karnataka, India
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Lopes GAD, Dias MC, Barbisan LF, Marchesan Rodrigues MA. Early Life and Postnatal Western Diet Feeding and Susceptibility to Chemically Induced Colonic Aberrant Crypt Foci in Male Rats Offspring. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:811-7. [PMID: 27176572 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1170167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The modifying effects of a Western diet (WD) during early life on the susceptibility to colon carcinogenesis induced by dimethylhydrazine (DMH) were examined in male rats as later adults. Three groups were studied: a lifetime control diet-fed group, a test group fed WD since pregnancy from dams until postnatal day (PND) 42, and a group fed WD at adulthood. At PND 70, all groups received the carcinogen DMH and were euthanized 10 wk later. Colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) were scored (number and crypt multiplicity) and the altered pattern of β-catenin expression was evaluated in the colonic lesions. ACF multiplicity (≥4 crypts) was significantly higher in the group fed WD at early life than in the group fed the control diet. ACF number, crypt multiplicity, and the number of high-grade dysplastic lesions were significantly higher in the group fed WD at adulthood than in the groupfed the control diet. The number of lesions with altered β-catenin expression was higher in the groups receiving WD at early life or at adulthood than in the lifetime control-diet-fed group. These findings indicate that WD exposure at early life increased the susceptibility to colon carcinogenesis at adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcos Correa Dias
- a Department of Pathology , Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista , Botucatu , SP , Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando Barbisan
- b Department of Morphology , Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista , Botucatu , SP , Brazil
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Casamadrid V, Amaya CA, Mendieta ZH. Body Mass Index in Pregnancy Does Not Affect Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Gamma Promoter Region (-359 to -260) Methylation in the Neonate. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2016; 6:38-43. [PMID: 27144075 PMCID: PMC4849114 DOI: 10.4103/2141-9248.180272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity in pregnancy can contribute to epigenetic changes. Aim: To assess whether body mass index (BMI) in pregnancy is associated with changes in the methylation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR) promoter region (-359 to - 260) in maternal and neonatal leukocytes. Subjects and Methods: In this matched, cohort study 41 pregnant women were allocated into two groups: (a) Normal weight (n = 21) and (b) overweight (n = 20). DNA was extracted from maternal and neonatal leukocytes (4000-10,000 cells) in MagNA Pure (Roche) using MagNA Pure LC DNA Isolation Kit 1 (Roche, Germany). Treatment of DNA (2 μg) was performed with sodium bisulfite (EZ DNA Methylation-Direct™ Kit; Zymo Research). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed in a LightCycler 2.0 (Roche) using the SYBR® Advantage® qPCR Premix Kit (Clontech). The primers used for PPARγ coactivator (PPARG) M3 were 5’- aagacggtttggtcgatc-3’ (forward), and5’- cgaaaaaaaatccgaaatttaa-3’ (reverse) and those for PPARG unmethylated were: 5’-gggaagatggtttggttgatt-3’ (forward) and 5’- ttccaaaaaaaaatccaaaatttaa-3’ (reverse). Intergroup differences were calculated using the Mann-Whitney U-test, and intragroup differences, with the Wilcoxon test (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 19.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). Results: Significant differences were found in BMI, pregestational weight, and postdelivery weight between groups but not in the methylation status of the PPARγ promoter region (-359 to - 260). Conclusion: The PPARγ promoter region (-359 to - 260) in peripheral leukocytes is unlikely to get an obesity-induced methylation in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vre Casamadrid
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico (UAEMex), "Mónica Pretelini Sáenz" Maternal-Perinatal Hospital (HMPMPS), Toluca, Mexico
| | - C A Amaya
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico (UAEMex), "Mónica Pretelini Sáenz" Maternal-Perinatal Hospital (HMPMPS), Toluca, Mexico
| | - Z H Mendieta
- Academy of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico (UAEMex), "Mónica Pretelini Sáenz" Maternal-Perinatal Hospital (HMPMPS), Toluca, Mexico
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Gernand AD, Schulze KJ, Stewart CP, West KP, Christian P. Micronutrient deficiencies in pregnancy worldwide: health effects and prevention. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2016; 12:274-89. [PMID: 27032981 PMCID: PMC4927329 DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2016.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Micronutrients, vitamins and minerals accessible from the diet, are essential for biologic activity. Micronutrient status varies widely throughout pregnancy and across populations. Women in low-income countries often enter pregnancy malnourished, and the demands of gestation can exacerbate micronutrient deficiencies with health consequences for the fetus. Examples of efficacious single micronutrient interventions include folic acid to prevent neural tube defects, iodine to prevent cretinism, zinc to reduce risk of preterm birth, and iron to reduce the risk of low birth weight. Folic acid and vitamin D might also increase birth weight. While extensive mechanistic and association research links multiple antenatal micronutrients with plausible materno-fetal health advantages, hypothesized benefits have often been absent, minimal or unexpected in trials. These findings suggest a role for population context in determining health responses and filling extensive gaps in knowledge. Multiple micronutrient supplements reduce the risks of being born with low birth weight, small for gestational age or stillborn in undernourished settings, and justify micronutrient interventions with antenatal care. Measurable health effects of gestational micronutrient exposure might persist into childhood but few data exists on potential long-term benefits. In this Review, we discuss micronutrient intake recommendations, risks and consequences of deficiencies, and the effects of interventions with a particular emphasis on offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison D Gernand
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 110 Chandlee Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Kerry J Schulze
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Christine P Stewart
- Department of Nutrition, One Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Keith P West
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Parul Christian
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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Mani I, Dwarkanath P, Thomas T, Thomas A, Kurpad AV. Maternal fat and fatty acid intake and birth outcomes in a South Indian population. Int J Epidemiol 2016; 45:523-31. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyw010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Neri C, Edlow AG. Effects of Maternal Obesity on Fetal Programming: Molecular Approaches. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2015; 6:a026591. [PMID: 26337113 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a026591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Maternal obesity has become a worldwide epidemic. Obesity and a high-fat diet have been shown to have deleterious effects on fetal programming, predisposing offspring to adverse cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Although large epidemiological studies have shown an association between maternal obesity and adverse outcomes for offspring, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Molecular approaches have played a key role in elucidating the mechanistic underpinnings of fetal malprogramming in the setting of maternal obesity. These approaches include, among others, characterization of epigenetic modifications, microRNA expression, the gut microbiome, the transcriptome, and evaluation of specific mRNA expression via quantitative reverse transcription polmerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in fetuses and offspring of obese females. This work will review the data from animal models and human fluids/cells regarding the effects of maternal obesity on fetal and offspring neurodevelopment and cardiometabolic outcomes, with a particular focus on molecular approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Neri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00100, Italy
| | - Andrea G Edlow
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111 Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
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Maruyama K, Kagota S, Van Vliet BN, Wakuda H, Shinozuka K. A maternal high salt diet disturbs cardiac and vascular function of offspring. Life Sci 2015; 136:42-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Lopez-Jaramillo P, Gomez-Arbelaez D, Sotomayor-Rubio A, Mantilla-Garcia D, Lopez-Lopez J. Maternal undernutrition and cardiometabolic disease: a Latin American perspective. BMC Med 2015; 13:41. [PMID: 25858591 PMCID: PMC4346113 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-015-0293-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The current epidemic of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases in developing countries is described as being driven by socioeconomic inequalities. These populations have a greater vulnerability to cardiometabolic diseases due to the discrepancy between the maternal undernutrition and its consequence, low-birth weight progeny, and the subsequent modern lifestyles which are associated with socioeconomic and environmental changes that modify dietary habits, discourage physical activity and encourage sedentary behaviors. Maternal undernutrition can generate epigenetic modifications, with potential long-term consequences. Throughout life, people are faced with the challenge of adapting to changes in their environment, such as excessive intake of high energy density foods and sedentary behavior. However, a mismatch between conditions experienced during fetal programming and current environmental conditions will make adaptation difficult for them, and will increase their susceptibility to obesity and cardiovascular diseases. It is important to conduct research in the Latin American context, in order to define the best strategies to prevent the epidemic of cardiometabolic diseases in the region.
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