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Ahmadi E, Afrooghe A, Soltani ZE, Elahi M, Shayan M, Ohadi MAD, Dehpour AR. Beyond the lungs: Exploring diverse applications of bromhexine and ambroxol. Life Sci 2024; 353:122909. [PMID: 38997062 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The respiratory tract is commonly affected in multisystem disorders. Although many drugs have been developed to target various components of these diseases, there is still a need for effective treatments that can address both respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms. Bromhexine and ambroxol are mucolytic agents with a good safety profile that are widely used to treat respiratory conditions. These compounds seem to present several unresolved questions when carrying out their therapeutic effects, suggesting that they may not merely improve mucociliary clearance. These assumptions have provided the basis for researchers to investigate the specific characteristics of bromhexine and ambroxol. This has led to the emergence of several repositionings for this compound. Accordingly, these compounds have also shown potential benefits in the treatment of various extrapulmonary disorders, including neurological disorders, and inflammatory bowel disease. We gathered findings from relevant studies published in English between 1970 and December 2023 by searching databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Our findings revealed that most of the research on extrapulmonary uses has been conducted at the preclinical level. Accordingly, more clinical studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of bromhexine and ambroxol in these conditions. This article provides an overview of the potential extrapulmonary applications of bromhexine and ambroxol and discusses the potential advantages of using these drugs in multisystem disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ahmadi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arya Afrooghe
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Ebrahim Soltani
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Elahi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center for Orthopedic Trans-Disciplinary Applied Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shayan
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, 20 Staniford St., Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Mohammad Amin Dabbagh Ohadi
- Neurosurgery Department, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex (IKHC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad-Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Gavilán-Carrera B, Aguilera-Fernández V, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Rosales-Castillo A, Soriano-Maldonado A, Vargas-Hitos JA. Association of the Mediterranean diet with arterial stiffness, inflammation, and medication use in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: an exploratory study. J Nutr Biochem 2024:109759. [PMID: 39276943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) face increased cardiovascular risk not completely explained by traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Arterial stiffness, inflammation or disease-related therapies may be contributors to augmented cardiovascular risk, whereas healthy dietary habits could help in their management. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to analyze the association of the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet with arterial stiffness, inflammation, and disease-related medication in women with SLE. METHODS A total of 76 women with SLE were included in this cross-sectional exploratory study. The adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Score. Arterial stiffness was measured through pulse wave velocity (PWV). Inflammatory profile was evaluated through high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). The use (yes / no) and doses (mg /day and cumulative dose in last 3 years) of corticosteroids and immunosuppressants were also registered. RESULTS No association of the overall adherence to the Mediterranean Diet with PWV, hsCRP or medication use was found (all P>0.05). Lower intake of full dairy products was related to greater odds of corticosteroids use (odds=1.72; P=0.004), and both higher current (β =0.29; P= 0.024) and cumulative (β =0.21; P=0.040) doses. Lower intake of red wine was associated with lower odds of immunosuppressants use (odds=0.63; P=0.008). CONCLUSIONS No association of the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet with arterial stiffness, inflammation or disease-related medication was observed in women with SLE with mild disease activity. However, higher dairy products and lower red wine consumption were related to lower use of disease-related medication. Future studies intervention studies are needed to better understand how nutritional education promoting Mediterranean Diet food groups can complement conventional SLE treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Gavilán-Carrera
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; PA-HELP "Physical Activity for HEaLth Promotion" Research Group, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | | | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain.
| | | | - Alberto Soriano-Maldonado
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería, Spain; SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CIBIS (Centro de Investigación para el Bienestar y la Inclusión Social) Research Center, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
| | - José Antonio Vargas-Hitos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.
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Garcia AC, Six N, Ma L, Morel L. Intersection of the microbiome and immune metabolism in lupus. Immunol Rev 2024; 325:77-89. [PMID: 38873851 PMCID: PMC11338729 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex autoimmune disease resulting from a dysregulation of the immune system that involves gut dysbiosis and an altered host cellular metabolism. This review highlights novel insights and expands on the interactions between the gut microbiome and the host immune metabolism in lupus. Pathobionts, invasive pathogens, and even commensal microbes, when in dysbiosis, can all trigger and modulate immune responses through metabolic reprogramming. Changes in the microbiota's global composition or individual taxa may trigger a cascade of metabolic changes in immune cells that may, in turn, reprogram their functions. Factors contributing to dysbiosis include changes in intestinal hypoxia, competition for glucose, and limited availability of essential nutrients, such as tryptophan and metal ions, all of which can be driven by host metabolism changes. Conversely, the accumulation of some host metabolites, such as itaconate, succinate, and free fatty acids, could further influence the microbial composition and immune responses. Overall, mounting evidence supports a bidirectional relationship between host immunometabolism and the microbiota in lupus pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Castellanos Garcia
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Natalie Six
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Longhuan Ma
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Maalouly G, Martin CMA, Baz Y, Saliba Y, Baramili AM, Fares N. Antioxidant and Anti-Apoptotic Neuroprotective Effects of Cinnamon in Imiquimod-Induced Lupus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:880. [PMID: 39061948 PMCID: PMC11274315 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite accumulating evidence correlating oxidative stress with lupus disease activity, the brain redox pathways are still poorly investigated. Cinnamomum cassia, a widely used spice with powerful antioxidant properties, could be a novel therapeutic candidate in lupus. METHODS C57BL/6J female mice were divided into five groups: sham, sham-cinnamon, lupus, lupus-cinnamon starting from induction, and lupus-cinnamon starting two weeks before induction. Lupus was induced by skin application on the right ear with 1.25 mg of 5% imiquimod cream three times per week for six weeks. Cinnamomum cassia was given orally, five days per week, at 200 mg/kg. RESULTS Concomitant to TLR7-MYD88 pathway activation, the p-NRF2/NRF2 and p-FOXO3/FOXO3 ratios were increased in the hippocampus and alleviated by cinnamon treatment. BCL-2 positivity was enhanced in hippocampal neurons and reversed only by preventive cinnamon administration. In vitro, exposure of hippocampal cells to the plasma of different groups induced a surge in oxidative stress. This was associated with an increased t-BID/BID ratio. Cinnamon treatment, particularly in the preventive arm, normalized these modifications. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows a neuroprotective effect of cinnamon by rescuing brain redox and apoptosis homeostasis in lupus, paving the way for its use as a natural therapeutic compound in the clinical management of lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nassim Fares
- Laboratory of Research in Physiology and Pathophysiology, Pole of Technology and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon; (G.M.); (C.-M.-A.M.); (Y.B.); (Y.S.); (A.-M.B.)
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Isola S, Gammeri L, Furci F, Gangemi S, Pioggia G, Allegra A. Vitamin C Supplementation in the Treatment of Autoimmune and Onco-Hematological Diseases: From Prophylaxis to Adjuvant Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7284. [PMID: 39000393 PMCID: PMC11241675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin introduced through the diet with anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and antioxidant activities. Today, this vitamin is integrated into the treatment of many inflammatory pathologies. However, there is increasing evidence of possible use in treating autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. We reviewed the literature to delve deeper into the rationale for using vitamin C in treating this type of pathology. There is much evidence in the literature regarding the beneficial effects of vitamin C supplementation for treating autoimmune diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and neoplasms, particularly hematological neoplastic diseases. Vitamin C integration regulates the cytokines microenvironment, modulates immune response to autoantigens and cancer cells, and regulates oxidative stress. Moreover, integration therapy has an enhanced effect on chemotherapies, ionizing radiation, and target therapy used in treating hematological neoplasm. In the future, integrative therapy will have an increasingly important role in preventing pathologies and as an adjuvant to standard treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Isola
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Policlinico “G. Martino”, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.I.); (S.G.)
| | - Luca Gammeri
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Policlinico “G. Martino”, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.I.); (S.G.)
| | - Fabiana Furci
- Provincial Healthcare Unit, Section of Allergy, 89900 Vibo Valentia, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Policlinico “G. Martino”, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.I.); (S.G.)
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy;
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Quesada S, Rosso AD, Mascardi F, Soler-Rivero V, Aguilera P, Mascuka SN, Boiro A, Arenielo E, Vijoditz G, Ferreyra-Mufarregue LR, Caputo MF, Cimolai MC, Coluccio Leskow F, Penas-Steinhardt A, Belforte FS. Integrative analysis of systemic lupus erythematosus biomarkers: Role of fecal hsa-mir-223-3p and gut microbiota in transkingdom dynamics. Mol Immunol 2024; 171:77-92. [PMID: 38795687 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) involves a florid set of clinical manifestations whose autoreactive origin is characterized by an overactivation of the immune system and the production of a large number of autoantibodies. Because it is a complex pathology with an inflammatory component, its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood, assuming both genetic and environmental predisposing factors. Currently, it is known that the role of the human microbiome is crucial in maintaining the transkingdom balance between commensal microorganisms and the immune system. In the present work we study the intestinal microbiota of Argentine patients with different stages of SLE receiving or not different treatments. Microbiota composition and fecal miRNAs were assessed by 16 S sequencing and qPCR. hsa-miR-223-3p, a miRNA involved in several inflammation regulation pathways, was found underexpressed in SLE patients without immunosuppressive treatment. In terms of microbiota there were clear differences in population structure (Weighted and Unweighted Unifrac distances, p-value <0.05) and core microbiome between cases and controls. In addition, Collinsella, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus genera and aromatics degradation metabolisms were overrepresented in the SLE group. Medical treatment was also determinant as several microbial metabolic pathways were influenced by immunosuppressive therapy. Particularly, allantoin degradation metabolism was differentially expressed in the group of patients receiving immunosuppressants. Finally, we performed a logistic regression model (LASSO: least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) considering the expression levels of the fecal hsa-miR223-3p; the core microbiota; the differentially abundant bacterial taxa and the differentially abundant metabolic pathways (p<0.05). The model predicted that SLE patients could be associated with greater relative abundance of the formaldehyde oxidation pathway (RUMP_PWY). On the contrary, the preponderance of the ketodeoxyoctonate (Kdo) biosynthesis and activation route (PWY_1269) and the genera Lachnospiraceae_UCG_004, Lachnospira, Victivallis and UCG_003 (genus belonging to the family Oscillospiraceae of the class Clostridia) were associated with a control phenotype. Overall, the present work could contribute to the development of integral diagnostic tools for the comprehensive phenotyping of patients with SLE. In this sense, studying the commensal microbial profile and possible pathobionts associated with SLE in our population proposes more effective and precise strategies to explore possible treatments based on the microbiota of SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Quesada
- Laboratorio de Genómica Computacional (GeC-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina; Programa del Estudio de Comunicación y Señalización Interreino (PECSI-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Ayelén Daiana Rosso
- Laboratorio de Genómica Computacional (GeC-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina; Programa del Estudio de Comunicación y Señalización Interreino (PECSI-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES-CONICET-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
| | - Florencia Mascardi
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB), CONICET, Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (HIBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria Soler-Rivero
- Laboratorio de Genómica Computacional (GeC-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina; Programa del Estudio de Comunicación y Señalización Interreino (PECSI-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
| | - Pablo Aguilera
- Programa del Estudio de Comunicación y Señalización Interreino (PECSI-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Sebastian Nicolas Mascuka
- Laboratorio de Genómica Computacional (GeC-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina; Programa del Estudio de Comunicación y Señalización Interreino (PECSI-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
| | - Andrea Boiro
- Laboratorio de Genómica Computacional (GeC-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
| | - Evangelina Arenielo
- Sección Inmunología, Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Vijoditz
- Sección Inmunología, Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Marina Flavia Caputo
- Sección Inmunología, Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Cecilia Cimolai
- Programa del Estudio de Comunicación y Señalización Interreino (PECSI-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
| | - Federico Coluccio Leskow
- Programa del Estudio de Comunicación y Señalización Interreino (PECSI-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Alberto Penas-Steinhardt
- Laboratorio de Genómica Computacional (GeC-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina; Programa del Estudio de Comunicación y Señalización Interreino (PECSI-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Instituto Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Fundación H.A. Barceló, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fiorella Sabrina Belforte
- Laboratorio de Genómica Computacional (GeC-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina; Programa del Estudio de Comunicación y Señalización Interreino (PECSI-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES-CONICET-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina.
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Lin J(C, Hwang S(W, Luo H, Mohamud Y. Double-Edged Sword: Exploring the Mitochondria-Complement Bidirectional Connection in Cellular Response and Disease. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:431. [PMID: 38927311 PMCID: PMC11200454 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria serve an ultimate purpose that seeks to balance the life and death of cells, a role that extends well beyond the tissue and organ systems to impact not only normal physiology but also the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. Theorized to have originated from ancient proto-bacteria, mitochondria share similarities with bacterial cells, including their own circular DNA, double-membrane structures, and fission dynamics. It is no surprise, then, that mitochondria interact with a bacterium-targeting immune pathway known as a complement system. The complement system is an ancient and sophisticated arm of the immune response that serves as the body's first line of defense against microbial invaders. It operates through a complex cascade of protein activations, rapidly identifying and neutralizing pathogens, and even aiding in the clearance of damaged cells and immune complexes. This dynamic system, intertwining innate and adaptive immunity, holds secrets to understanding numerous diseases. In this review, we explore the bidirectional interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction and the complement system through the release of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns. Additionally, we explore several mitochondria- and complement-related diseases and the potential for new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei (Carly) Lin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Sinwoo (Wendy) Hwang
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Honglin Luo
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Yasir Mohamud
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
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Yi T, Zhang W, Hua Y, Xin X, Wu Z, Li Y, Wen C, Fan Y, Ji J, Xu L. Rutin alleviates lupus nephritis by inhibiting T cell oxidative stress through PPARγ. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 394:110972. [PMID: 38555047 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by complex clinical symptoms and multi-organ damage. One of the most prevalent complications of SLE is lupus nephritis (LN). Rutin, a natural flavonoid compound found in various plants used in traditional Chinese medicine, has shown promising anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and renal protective effects. In our study, we treated MRL/lpr mice, a model known for spontaneously developing LN, with Rutin. Our findings reveal that Rutin markedly reduced serum cytokine and autoantibody levels and decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in renal tissues, thereby ameliorating kidney pathology. In vitro experiments indicated that Rutin's therapeutic effect on LN is linked to its significant reduction of oxidative stress in T cells. Further investigations suggest that Rutin enhances oxidative stress management through the modulation of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). We observed that Rutin modulates PPARγ activity, leading to reduced transcriptional activity of NF-κB and STAT3, which in turn inhibits the secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-17. In summary, Rutin can exert an antioxidant effect by regulating PPARγ and shows therapeutic action against LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Yi
- College of Basic Medical, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Basic Medical, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Ying Hua
- College of Basic Medical, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Xingpan Xin
- College of Basic Medical, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Zhenyu Wu
- College of Basic Medical, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Basic Medical, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- College of Basic Medical, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Yongsheng Fan
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinjun Ji
- College of Basic Medical, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
| | - Li Xu
- College of Basic Medical, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
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Benchabane S, Sour S, Zidi S, Hadjimi Z, Nabila L, Acheli D, Bouzenad A, Belguendouz H, Touil-Boukoffa C. Exploring the relationship between oxidative stress status and inflammatory markers during primary Sjögren's syndrome: A new approach for patient monitoring. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2024; 38:3946320241263034. [PMID: 38901876 PMCID: PMC11191624 DOI: 10.1177/03946320241263034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affects exocrine glands dysfunction. Oxidative stress (OS) is a phenomenon occurring as a result of an imbalance between the generation of free radicals and antioxidant defense system. Hence, we aimed to establish the status of OS and inflammatory response according to the pSS disease activity index. In this context, we investigated malondialdehyde (MDA), and antioxidant enzymes during pSS. The possible association between MDA and nitric oxide (NO) levels and between MDA and some pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-33). METHODS The study has been conducted on 53 pSS patients. The antioxidant enzymes, represented by glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were estimated by a colorimetric activity kit. Whereas, MDA value was assessed by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Moreover, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-33) and NO were respectively quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and the modified Griess. RESULTS Interestingly, we report a notable reduction in our pSS patients' antioxidant enzyme activity, while NO, MDA and proinflammatory cytokines values were significantly increased. pSS patients with higher disease activity had much stronger increases in NO and MDA levels. No significant difference was assessed in CRP level. Additionally, substantial significant correlations between plasmatic NO and MDA levels and between MDA, NO and IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α cytokines were reported. However, no significant association was found between NO, MDA and IL-33 concentrations. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data showed altered oxidant-antioxidant balance in pSS patients. MDA, NO, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α seem to be good indicators in monitoring disease activity. Oxidative stress was closely related to inflammation in pSS. Exploiting this relationship might provide valuable indicators in the follow-up and prognosis of pSS with a potential therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Benchabane
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology (LBCM), Cytokines and NO Synthases Team, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Algiers, Algeria
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Department of Biology, Saad Dahlab’s University of Blida, Blida, Algeria
| | - Souad Sour
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Department of Biology, Saad Dahlab’s University of Blida, Blida, Algeria
| | - Sourour Zidi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology (LBCM), Cytokines and NO Synthases Team, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Algiers, Algeria
- Department of Natural Sciences, Guelma University, Guelma, Algeria
| | - Zohra Hadjimi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology (LBCM), Cytokines and NO Synthases Team, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Lyazidi Nabila
- Internal Medicine Department, Issad Hassani Hospital- Algiers 1 University of Medicine, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Dahbia Acheli
- Internal Medicine Department, Douera Hospital- Algiers 1 University of Medicine, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Amel Bouzenad
- Medical Biology Laboratory, Pasteur Institut- Algiers 1 University of Medicine, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Houda Belguendouz
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology (LBCM), Cytokines and NO Synthases Team, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Chafia Touil-Boukoffa
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology (LBCM), Cytokines and NO Synthases Team, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Algiers, Algeria
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10
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Turcov D, Zbranca-Toporas A, Suteu D. Bioactive Compounds for Combating Oxidative Stress in Dermatology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17517. [PMID: 38139345 PMCID: PMC10744063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
There are extensive studies that confirm the harmful and strong influence of oxidative stress on the skin. The body's response to oxidative stress can vary depending on the type of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and their metabolites, the duration of exposure to oxidative stress and the antioxidant capacity at each tissue level. Numerous skin diseases and pathologies are associated with the excessive production and accumulation of free radicals. title altered Both categories have advantages and disadvantages in terms of skin structures, tolerability, therapeutic performance, ease of application or formulation and economic efficiency. The effect of long-term treatment with antioxidants is evaluated through studies investigating their protective effect and the improvement of some phenomena caused by oxidative stress. This article summarizes the available information on the presence of compounds used in dermatology to combat oxidative stress in the skin. It aims to provide an overview of all the considerations for choosing an antioxidant agent, the topics for further research and the answers sought in order to optimize therapeutic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Turcov
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection “Cristofor Simionescu”, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, 71 A Mangeron Blvd., 700500 Iasi, Romania;
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street no. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Anca Zbranca-Toporas
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street no. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Daniela Suteu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection “Cristofor Simionescu”, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, 71 A Mangeron Blvd., 700500 Iasi, Romania;
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11
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Yang ML, Lam TT, Kanyo J, Kang I, Zhou ZS, Clarke SG, Mamula MJ. Natural isoaspartyl protein modification of ZAP70 alters T cell responses in lupus. Autoimmunity 2023; 56:2282945. [PMID: 37994408 PMCID: PMC10897934 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2023.2282945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) arise in a number of normal cellular biological pathways and in response to pathology caused by inflammation and/or infection. Indeed, a number of PTMs have been identified and linked to specific autoimmune responses and metabolic pathways. One particular PTM, termed isoaspartyl (isoAsp or isoD) modification, is among the most common spontaneous PTM occurring at physiological pH and temperature. Herein, we demonstrate that isoAsp modifications arise within the ZAP70 protein tyrosine kinase upon T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) engagement. The enzyme protein L-isoaspartate O-methyltransferase (PCMT1, or PIMT, EC 2.1.1.77) evolved to repair isoaspartyl modifications in cells. In this regard, we observe that increased levels of isoAsp modification that arise under oxidative stress are correlated with reduced PIMT activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). PIMT deficiency leads to T cell hyper-proliferation and hyper-phosphorylation through ZAP70 signaling. We demonstrate that inducing the overexpression of PIMT can correct the hyper-responsive phenotype in lupus T cells. Our studies reveal a phenotypic role of isoAsp modification and phosphorylation of ZAP70 in lupus T cell autoimmunity and provide a potential therapeutic target through the repair of isoAsp modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Yang
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - TuKiet T. Lam
- Keck MS & Proteomics Resource, WM Keck Foundation Biotechnology Resource Laboratory, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jean Kanyo
- Keck MS & Proteomics Resource, WM Keck Foundation Biotechnology Resource Laboratory, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Insoo Kang
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zhaohui Sunny Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven G. Clarke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark J. Mamula
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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12
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Cerrillos-Gutiérrez JI, Medina-Pérez M, Andrade-Sierra J, De Alba-Razo A, Pacheco-Moisés FP, Cardona-Muñoz EG, Campos-Pérez W, Martínez-López E, Sánchez-Lozano DI, García-Sánchez A, Campos-Bayardo TI, Miranda-Díaz AG. The Inflammatory and Oxidative Status of Newly Diagnosed Class III and Class IV Lupus Nephritis, with Six-Month Follow-Up. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2065. [PMID: 38136185 PMCID: PMC10740615 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is the most frequent and severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A prospective cohort with a six-month follow-up was performed. Twelve SLE patients diagnosed with LN Class III, twelve NL Class IV patients, and twelve healthy control subjects (HC) were included. SLE data, renal function, oxidants, antioxidants, and inflammation were determined at baseline and six-month follow-up. During the six-month follow-up, the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI-2K) decreased in both LN Class III (20.08 ± 6.92 vs. 11.92 ± 5.87, p < 0.001) and LN Class IV (25.33 ± 6.01 vs. 13.83 ± 5.52, p < 0.001) patients. Furthermore, the values of the C4 component also increased during follow-up for LN Class III (25.36 ± 6.34 vs. 30.91 ± 9.22, p = 0.027) and LN Class IV (12.18 ± 3.90 vs. 20.33 ± 8.95, p = 0.008) groups. Regarding inflammation markers, both groups presented decreased C-reactive protein (CRP), but this was only significant for patients with LN class III (7.93 ± 1.77 vs. 4.72 ± 3.23, p = 0.006). Renal function remained stable in both groups, with no changes in eGFR. Patients with LN Class III and Class IV showed higher baseline levels for lipoperoxides (Class III p < 0.01, Class IV p < 0.1) and carbonyl groups in proteins (Class III p < 0.01, Class IV p < 0.1) compared to HC. Moreover, both groups presented lower baseline values of total antioxidant capacity (Class III p < 0.01, Class IV p < 0.1) and catalase (Class III p < 0.01, Class IV p < 0.1) compared to HCs. However, antioxidant and oxidant markers did not show significant differences between baseline values and at six months for either of the two study groups. In conclusion, patients show an imbalance in the oxidative state characterized by the increase in the oxidants LPO and protein carbonyl groups and the decrease in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes TAC and CAT compared to HC. However, the patients did not present an increase in disease activity and renal function improvement. The glomerular filtration rate did not change during the length of the study, and SLEDAI -2K, C3, and C4 improved. The early co-management between Rheumatologists and Nephrologists is essential to prevent the rapid progression of LN. It would be interesting to administer antioxidant supplements to patients with a recent diagnosis of LN and evaluate its effect in a follow-up study.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio Cerrillos-Gutiérrez
- Department of Nephrology, National Medical Center of the West, Mexican Social Security Institute, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (J.I.C.-G.); (M.M.-P.); (J.A.-S.)
| | - Miguel Medina-Pérez
- Department of Nephrology, National Medical Center of the West, Mexican Social Security Institute, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (J.I.C.-G.); (M.M.-P.); (J.A.-S.)
| | - Jorge Andrade-Sierra
- Department of Nephrology, National Medical Center of the West, Mexican Social Security Institute, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (J.I.C.-G.); (M.M.-P.); (J.A.-S.)
| | - Alejandra De Alba-Razo
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.D.A.-R.); (E.G.C.-M.); (D.I.S.-L.); (A.G.-S.); (T.I.C.-B.)
| | - Fermín Paul Pacheco-Moisés
- Department of Chemistry, University Center of Exact Sciences and Engineering, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Ernesto Germán Cardona-Muñoz
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.D.A.-R.); (E.G.C.-M.); (D.I.S.-L.); (A.G.-S.); (T.I.C.-B.)
| | - Wendy Campos-Pérez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute of Nutrigenetics and Translational Nutrigenomics, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (W.C.-P.); (E.M.-L.)
| | - Erika Martínez-López
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute of Nutrigenetics and Translational Nutrigenomics, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (W.C.-P.); (E.M.-L.)
| | - Daniela Itzel Sánchez-Lozano
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.D.A.-R.); (E.G.C.-M.); (D.I.S.-L.); (A.G.-S.); (T.I.C.-B.)
| | - Andrés García-Sánchez
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.D.A.-R.); (E.G.C.-M.); (D.I.S.-L.); (A.G.-S.); (T.I.C.-B.)
| | - Tannia Isabel Campos-Bayardo
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.D.A.-R.); (E.G.C.-M.); (D.I.S.-L.); (A.G.-S.); (T.I.C.-B.)
| | - Alejandra Guillermina Miranda-Díaz
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.D.A.-R.); (E.G.C.-M.); (D.I.S.-L.); (A.G.-S.); (T.I.C.-B.)
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13
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Yu Y, Wang Q, Zhang D, Wu W, Jiang Z. Relationship between bilirubin and systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1115. [PMID: 38156396 PMCID: PMC10739338 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a high prevalence worldwide. This study aimed to examine the correlation between serum bilirubin levels and SLE. METHODS The Cochrane library, Embase, PubMed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were examined and assessed until March 2023. RevMan 5.3 software was utilized for the analysis of clinical trails. RESULTS Five case-control studies were chosen and incorporated, examining the levels of serum bilirubin in patients with SLE compared to healthy individuals, as well as in active SLE patients versus inactive ones, in different sexes and in SLE patients with or without lupus nephritis (LN). The results of this meta-analysis demonstrated that serum bilirubin in healthy individuals were obviously increased compared to SLE patients (MD = 4.76; 95% CI, 3.15-6.38, p < .00001). Additionally, inactive SLE patients had higher levels of bilirubin than active SLE patients (MD = 3.15; 95% CI, 0.46-5.84, p = .02), and SLE patients without lupus nephritis had higher levels of serum bilirubin than those with lupus nephritis (MD = 4.91;95% CI, 2.87-6.95, p < .00001). Nevertheless, there were no disparities observed among SLE patients of varying sexes (MD = 0.34; 95% CI, -0.01 to 0.69, p = .06). CONCLUSION The concentration of serum bilirubin may potentially be used as an indicator for estimating the advancement of SLE and reflecting the presence of kidney complications in individuals with SLE. Furthermore, more high quality studies were needed to identify these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Yu
- Department of NephrologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for NephropathyLuzhouChina
| | - Qiaoyu Wang
- Department of NephrologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for NephropathyLuzhouChina
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Department of NephrologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for NephropathyLuzhouChina
| | - Weihua Wu
- Department of NephrologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for NephropathyLuzhouChina
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of NephrologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for NephropathyLuzhouChina
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14
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Echavarria R, Cardona-Muñoz EG, Ortiz-Lazareno P, Andrade-Sierra J, Gómez-Hermosillo LF, Casillas-Moreno J, Campos-Bayardo TI, Román-Rojas D, García-Sánchez A, Miranda-Díaz AG. The Role of the Oxidative State and Innate Immunity Mediated by TLR7 and TLR9 in Lupus Nephritis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15234. [PMID: 37894915 PMCID: PMC10607473 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is considered one of the leading causes of mortality. Multiple immunological pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, which makes it imperative to deepen our knowledge about this disease's immune-pathological complexity and explore new therapeutic targets. Since an altered redox state contributes to immune system dysregulation, this document briefly addresses the roles of oxidative stress (OS), oxidative DNA damage, antioxidant enzymes, mitochondrial function, and mitophagy in SLE and LN. Although adaptive immunity's participation in the development of autoimmunity is undeniable, increasing data emphasize the importance of innate immunity elements, particularly the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that recognize nucleic acid ligands, in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Here, we discuss the intriguing roles of TLR7 and TLR9 in developing SLE and LN. Also included are the essential characteristics of conventional treatments and some other novel and little-explored alternatives that offer options to improve renal function in LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Echavarria
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (R.E.); (P.O.-L.)
- Investigadores por México, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Ciudad de México 03940, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Germán Cardona-Muñoz
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Pablo Ortiz-Lazareno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (R.E.); (P.O.-L.)
| | - Jorge Andrade-Sierra
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Luis Francisco Gómez-Hermosillo
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Jorge Casillas-Moreno
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Tannia Isabel Campos-Bayardo
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Daniel Román-Rojas
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Andrés García-Sánchez
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Alejandra Guillermina Miranda-Díaz
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
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15
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Liu L, de Leeuw K, Arends S, Doornbos-van der Meer B, Bulthuis MLC, van Goor H, Westra J. Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with Active Nephritis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1627. [PMID: 37627622 PMCID: PMC10451241 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and especially in lupus nephritis (LN). The aim of this study was to compare redox-related biomarkers between patients with active LN, quiescent SLE (Q-SLE) and healthy controls (HC) and to explore their association with clinical characteristics such as disease activity in patients. We investigated levels of plasma free thiols (R-SH, sulfhydryl groups), levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in SLE patients with active LN (n = 23), patients with quiescent SLE (n = 47) and HC (n = 23). Data of LN patients who previously participated in Dutch lupus nephritis studies and longitudinal samples up to 36 months were analyzed. Thiol levels were lower in active LN at baseline and Q-SLE patients compared to HC. In generalized estimating equation (GEE) modelling, free thiol levels were negatively correlated with the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) over time (p < 0.001). sRAGE and MDA were positively correlated with the SLEDAI over time (p = 0.035 and p = 0.016, respectively). These results indicate that oxidative stress levels in LN patients are increased compared to HC and associated with SLE disease activity. Therefore, interventional therapy to restore redox homeostasis may be useful as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of oxidative damage in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (L.L.); (K.d.L.); (S.A.); (B.D.-v.d.M.)
| | - Karina de Leeuw
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (L.L.); (K.d.L.); (S.A.); (B.D.-v.d.M.)
| | - Suzanne Arends
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (L.L.); (K.d.L.); (S.A.); (B.D.-v.d.M.)
| | - Berber Doornbos-van der Meer
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (L.L.); (K.d.L.); (S.A.); (B.D.-v.d.M.)
| | - Marian L. C. Bulthuis
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.L.C.B.); (H.v.G.)
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.L.C.B.); (H.v.G.)
| | - Johanna Westra
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (L.L.); (K.d.L.); (S.A.); (B.D.-v.d.M.)
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16
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Sorice M, Profumo E, Capozzi A, Recalchi S, Riitano G, Di Veroli B, Saso L, Buttari B. Oxidative Stress as a Regulatory Checkpoint in the Production of Antiphospholipid Autoantibodies: The Protective Role of NRF2 Pathway. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1221. [PMID: 37627286 PMCID: PMC10452087 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a well-known hallmark of Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome (APS), a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by arterial and venous thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity. Oxidative stress may affect various signaling pathways and biological processes, promoting dysfunctional immune responses and inflammation, inducing apoptosis, deregulating autophagy and impairing mitochondrial function. The chronic oxidative stress and the dysregulation of the immune system leads to the loss of tolerance, which drives autoantibody production and inflammation with the development of endothelial dysfunction. In particular, anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL), which target phospholipids and/or phospholipid binding proteins, mainly β-glycoprotein I (β-GPI), play a functional role in the cell signal transduction pathway(s), thus contributing to oxidative stress and thrombotic events. An oxidation-antioxidant imbalance may be detected in the blood of patients with APS as a reflection of disease progression. This review focuses on functional evidence highlighting the role of oxidative stress in the initiation and progression of APS. The protective role of food supplements and Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2) activators in APS patients will be summarized to point out the potential of these therapeutic approaches to reduce APS-related clinical complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Sorice
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.C.); (S.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (B.D.V.)
| | - Antonella Capozzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.C.); (S.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Serena Recalchi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.C.); (S.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Gloria Riitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.C.); (S.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Benedetta Di Veroli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (B.D.V.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (B.D.V.)
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