Factors associated with life satisfaction among married women in rural China: a cross-sectional study based on large-scale samples

The role of marriage in the life satisfaction and mortality association at older ages: age and sex differences

OBJECTIVES

Although life satisfaction (LS) could reduce mortality risk of older adults, whether the LS-mortality link is consistent in older adults with different marital status is largely unknown. In this study, we examine (1) how the LS-mortality association at older ages varies by marital status and marital quality, and (2) whether the role of marriage in the LS-mortality link differs between young-old (ages 65-79) and oldest-old (ages 80+) ages and between men and women in mainland China.

METHODS

We used five waves of data from a nationally representative survey in mainland China and applied the multilevel random effect of survival analysis to examine the LS-mortality association in Chinese older adults by marital status, controlling for a wide set of covariates.

RESULTS

First, the protective effect of LS on mortality was valid in older men regardless of their marital status, whereas the protective effect was only valid in currently-not-married older women. Second, for a good marriage, LS significantly reduced mortality risk irrespective of gender and age, while for a poor marriage, LS had no significant association with mortality of older adults. Third, the LS-mortality association seemed to be stronger in the oldest-old than in the young-old irrespective of their marital status.

CONCLUSION

Given the pivotal role of spouse in daily life, the society should create an age-friendly social environment for re-marriage among older adults who wish to get re-married, while highlighting and advocating the importance of good marriage in determining healthy aging, and design various policies to improve the LS of older people to reduce their mortality risk.

Supplemental data for this article is available online at.

Effect of family stress on life satisfaction among female workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in China: Exploring the roles of anxiety symptoms and age

The study aimed to investigate the level of life satisfaction (LS) among Chinese female workers after resuming work during the COVID-19 epidemic, and to further explore the potential mediating and moderating roles in the association between family stress and LS. Self-reported questionnaires were completed by 10,175 participants. Results showed that the level of LS decreased. The family stress had a negative effect on LS, and the effect was mediated by anxiety symptoms. Additionally, age moderated the direct and indirect effects within this relationship. Interventions aiming to improve LS should consider these aspects and younger workers should be given special attention.

Multimorbidity in cardiovascular disease and association with life satisfaction: a Chinese national cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND

The coexistence of multiple chronic conditions is very common in cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the prevalence of CVD multimorbidity in China and its influence on life satisfaction have not been reported. This study aimed to investigate the proportions of 12 chronic comorbid diseases in CVD and the associations of multimorbidity with life satisfaction in patients with CVD.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional study in a nationally representative sample of 3478 participants with CVD aged 45 years or more who participated in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2015. Correlations of multimorbidity with 12 chronic diseases in CVD and life satisfaction were investigated using logistic regression models, after adjusting for 12 covariates.

RESULTS

The proportion of multimorbidity among participants with CVD was 93.3% (89.4% for middle-aged adults and 95.4% for older adults; 92.9% for men and 93.5% for women). The proportion of participants with CVD multimorbidity who were dissatisfied with life was 11.2%, significantly higher than those without any chronic diseases (χ²=5.147, p=0.023). Life satisfaction in patients with CVD decreased with increased number of comorbidities (χ²=45.735, p<0.001). Kidney disease (OR=1.933, 95% CI: 1.483 to 2.521), memory-related diseases (MRDs) (OR=1.695, 95% CI: 1.149 to 2.501) and dyslipidaemia (OR=1.346, 95% CI: 1.048 to 1.729) were significantly associated with reduced life satisfaction when adjusting for 12 covariates.

CONCLUSIONS

In this nationally representative cross-sectional study, life satisfaction was reduced by multimorbidity of CVD. Kidney disease had the greatest influence on life satisfaction in patients with CVD, followed by dyslipidaemia and MRDs. Our study emphasises the importance of preventing of chronic diseases in adults with CVD.

Factors associated with sleep quality among "left-behind women" in rural China: a cross-sectional study

OBJECTIVE

The present study aimed to assess the sleep quality of left-behind women in rural China and exploring the factors associated with sleep quality among rural women.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Liaoning province, China. A total of 1591 participants were investigated. The sleep quality of rural women was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale (PSQI). The data collected included sociodemographic together with psychological factors including depression (CES-D), loneliness (UCLA), social support (PSSS), and resilience (CD-RISC).

RESULTS

The total prevalence rate of poor sleep quality for all participants was 34.54%, the detection rate of poor sleep quality in left-behind women was 51.6%, while it was only 24.3% in nonleft-behind women. The binary logistic regression indicated that the state of left behind was definitely a risk factor for sleep quality. In addition, physical exercise, social support, and resilience had significantly protective effects on sleep quality. Labor pressure, raising children, life events, depression, and loneliness served as risk factors were related to sleep quality.

CONCLUSION

The general sleep quality of rural left-behind women was not promising in rural China. Urgent attention should be payed to sleep quality of left-behind women. It is very necessary to promote sleep quality of left-behind women by developing public service and mental health system and to provide psychological intervention for those with poor mental health to promote the development of physical and mental health ultimately.