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Chalghaf M, Charradi K, Ksouri R, Alsulami QA, Jaouani A, Keshk SMAS, Hayouni EA. Physicochemical characterization of chitin extracted by different treatment sequences from an edible insect. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127156. [PMID: 37778575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Chitin present in the shell of edible insects is a potential source of chitin, lipids, and proteins, and it exerts various biological activities. Thus far, only a few studies have focused on the use of chitin as a source of high-protein-diet oligosaccharides. The use of insect chitin for the production of high-protein-diet oligosaccharides can lessen the reliance on diet crops. Moreover, although chitin composition in Tenebrio molitor larva, pupa, and adult has been extensively investigated, chitin extraction from T. molitor larval whole body and exuvium has received poor attention. The present study compared the effectiveness of two techniques for extracting high-protein-diet chitin oligosaccharide from an edible insect (T. molitor). Two different extraction sequences of chitin from the larval stage (molitor stage larvae) and adult stage (molitor stage adult) of edible T. molitor were investigated. Two processing steps were employed: (a) deproteinization (DEP) and (b) demineralization (DEM) treatments. Differences in the order, conditions, and period of their application resulted in two different chitin extraction procedures. The viscosity, degree of polymerization, and crystallinity index of the chitin extracted using the two procedures were measured, and its chemical components (chitin, ash, protein, fat, and moisture contents) were determined. T. molitor adults and larvae treated sequentially with DEM-DEP demonstrated the greatest yield of approximately 14.62 % ± 0.15 and 6.096 % ± 0.10 %, respectively. By contrast, when treated sequentially with DEP-DEM, the recorded yields were 10.96 % ± 0.18 and 5.31 % ± 0.38, respectively. Differences in the degree of deacetylation between both methods were observed. Additionally, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry of the extracted chitin along with a commercial sample revealed consistent chain conformation, mean hydrogen bonding, and crystallinity index. In this way, residues produced by farmed edible insects can be recovered and used as a novel source of chitin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Chalghaf
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Charradi
- Nanomaterials and Systems for Renewable Energy Laboratory, Research and Technology Centre of Energy, Technoparc Borj Cedria, BP 095 Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Ksouri
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Tunisia
| | - Qana A Alsulami
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atef Jaouani
- University of Tunis El Manar, Laboratory of Bioresources, Environment and Biotechnology (LR22ES04), Higher Institute of Applied Biological Sciences of Tunisia (ISSBAT), 9 Street Zouheir Essafi CP 1006, Tunisia
| | - Sherif M A S Keshk
- University of Tunis El Manar, Laboratory of Bioresources, Environment and Biotechnology (LR22ES04), Higher Institute of Applied Biological Sciences of Tunisia (ISSBAT), 9 Street Zouheir Essafi CP 1006, Tunisia
| | - El Akrem Hayouni
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Tunisia.
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Liu G, Yu B, Li J, Zhang Z, Tao H, Zhao H, Lu Y, Yuan C, Li Q, Cui B. Short-Chain Fatty-Acid-Producing Micro-Organisms Regulate the Pancreatic FFA2-Akt/PI3K Signaling Pathway in a Diabetic Rat Model Affected by Pumpkin Oligosaccharides. Foods 2023; 12:3559. [PMID: 37835211 PMCID: PMC10572525 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we applied the Illumina MiSeq pyrosequencing platform to amplify the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16 S rRNA gene of the gut microbiota (GM) and a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer to detect the metabolites after supplementation with pumpkin oligosaccharides (POSs) to determine the metabolic markers and mechanisms in rats with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The POSs alleviated glucolipid metabolism by decreasing the serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), and glucose levels. These responses were supported by a shift in the gut microbiota, especially in the butyric-acid-producing communities. Meanwhile, elevated total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), isovaleric acid, and butyric acid levels were observed after supplementation with POSs. Additionally, this work demonstrated that supplementation with POSs could reduce TNF-α and IL-6 secretion via the FFA2-Akt/PI3K pathway in the pancreas. These results suggested that POSs alleviated T2D by changing the SCFA-producing gut microbiota and SCFA receptor pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guimei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; (G.L.); (B.Y.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.T.); (H.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; (G.L.); (B.Y.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.T.); (H.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Jianpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; (G.L.); (B.Y.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.T.); (H.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; (G.L.); (B.Y.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.T.); (H.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Haiteng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; (G.L.); (B.Y.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.T.); (H.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Haibo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; (G.L.); (B.Y.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.T.); (H.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Yanmin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; (G.L.); (B.Y.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.T.); (H.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Chao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; (G.L.); (B.Y.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.T.); (H.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Quanhong Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; (G.L.); (B.Y.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (H.T.); (H.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.Y.)
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Khaisaat S, Chancharoensin S, Wipatanawin A, Suphantharika M, Payongsri P. Influence of Degree of Polymerization of Low-Molecular-Weight Chitosan Oligosaccharides on the α-Glucosidase Inhibition. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238129. [PMID: 36500221 PMCID: PMC9740910 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is a bioactive compound derived from marine by-products. COS consumption has been demonstrated to lower the risk of diabetes. However, there are limited data on the inhibitory effect of low-molecular-weight COSs with different degrees of polymerization (DP) on α-glucosidase. This study investigates the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of two low-molecular-weight COSs, i.e., S-TU-COS with DP2−4 and L-TU-COS with DP2−5, both of which have different molecular weight distributions. The inhibition constants of the inhibitors binding to free enzymes (Ki) and an enzyme−substrate complex (Kii) were investigated to elucidate the inhibitory mechanism of COSs with different chain lengths. The kinetic inhibition model of S-TU-COS showed non-completive inhibition results which are close to the uncompetitive inhibition results with Ki and Kii values of 3.34 mM and 2.94 mM, respectively. In contrast, L-TU-COS showed uncompetitive inhibition with a Kii value of 5.84 mM. With this behavior, the IC50 values of S-TU-COS and L-TU-COS decreased from 12.54 to 11.84 mM and 20.42 to 17.75 mM, respectively, with an increasing substrate concentration from 0.075 to 0.3 mM. This suggests that S-TU-COS is a more potent inhibitor, and the different DP of COS may cause significantly different inhibition (p < 0.05) on the α-glucosidase activity. This research may provide new insights into the production of a COS with a suitable profile for antidiabetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supharada Khaisaat
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-Based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Saovanee Chancharoensin
- Global Innovation Centre (GIC), Thai Union Group PCL. S.M. Tower, Phaholyothin Road, Phayathai Sub-District, Phayathai, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Angkana Wipatanawin
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-Based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Manop Suphantharika
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-Based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Panwajee Payongsri
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-Based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2201-5315
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Kim Y, Oh YK, Lee J, Kim E. Could nutrient supplements provide additional glycemic control in diabetes management? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of as an add-on nutritional supplementation therapy. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:185-204. [PMID: 35304727 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the antidiabetic effect of pharmaconutrients as an add-on in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients by pooling data from currently available randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data sources included the PubMed and EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. RCTs reporting changes in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), or homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels following add-on pharmaconutritional therapies for T2DM patients consuming antidiabetic drugs were targeted. Using random-effects meta-analyses, we identified pharmaconutrients with effects on glycemic outcomes. Heterogeneity among studies was presented using I2 values. Among 9537 articles, 119 RCTs with nine pharmaconutrients (chromium; coenzyme Q10; omega-3 fatty acids; vitamins C, D, and E; alpha-lipoic acid; selenium; and zinc) were included. Chromium (HbA1c, FBG, and HOMA-IR), coenzyme Q10 (HbA1c and FBG), vitamin C (HbA1c and FBG), and vitamin E (HbA1c and HOMA-IR) significantly improved glycemic control. Baseline HbA1c level and study duration influenced the effects of chromium and vitamin E on HbA1c level. Sensitivity analyses did not modify the pooled effects of pharmaconutrients on glycemic control. Administration of chromium, coenzyme Q10, and vitamins C and E for T2DM significantly improved glycemic control. This study has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018115229).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonhye Kim
- Evidence-Based and Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Social and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyoung Oh
- Evidence-Based and Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Social and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhee Lee
- The Graduate School for Pharmaceutical Industry Management, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Kim
- Evidence-Based and Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Social and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,The Graduate School for Pharmaceutical Industry Management, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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Satitsri S, Muanprasat C. Chitin and Chitosan Derivatives as Biomaterial Resources for Biological and Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245961. [PMID: 33339290 PMCID: PMC7766609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin is a long-chain polymer of N-acetyl-glucosamine, which is regularly found in the exoskeleton of arthropods including insects, shellfish and the cell wall of fungi. It has been known that chitin can be used for biological and biomedical applications, especially as a biomaterial for tissue repairing, encapsulating drug for drug delivery. However, chitin has been postulated as an inducer of proinflammatory cytokines and certain diseases including asthma. Likewise, chitosan, a long-chain polymer of N-acetyl-glucosamine and d-glucosamine derived from chitin deacetylation, and chitosan oligosaccharide, a short chain polymer, have been known for their potential therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiarrheal, and anti-Alzheimer effects. This review summarizes potential utilization and limitation of chitin, chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide in a variety of diseases. Furthermore, future direction of research and development of chitin, chitosan, and chitosan oligosaccharide for biomedical applications is discussed.
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Guo W, Yi L, Zhou B, Li M. Chitosan modifies glycemic levels in people with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. Nutr J 2020; 19:130. [PMID: 33261597 PMCID: PMC7709411 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00647-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chitosan supplementation has been shown to modulate glycemic levels; however, studies have reported conflicting results. The present meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis was conducted to verify the overall influence of chitosan on glycemic levels in patients with metabolic syndrome. METHODS The PubMed, Cochrane library, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched for randomized controlled studies of chitosan intake and glycemic levels. RESULTS A total of ten clinical trials including 1473 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled effect sizes were determined by random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis was performed to analyze the sources of heterogeneity and their influence on the overall results. The results revealed a significant reduction in fasting glucose levels (SMD: - 0.39 mmol/L, 95% CI: - 0.62 to - 0.16) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (SMD: -1.10; 95% CI: - 2.15 to - 0.06) following chitosan supplementation but no effect on insulin levels (SMD: - 0.20 pmol/L, 95% CI: - 0.64 to 0.24). Subgroup analyses further demonstrated significant reductions in fasting glucose levels in subjects administered 1.6-3 g of chitosan per day and in studies longer than 13 weeks. Trial sequential analysis of the pooled results of the hypoglycemic effect demonstrated that the cumulative Z-curve crossed both the conventional boundary and trial sequential monitoring boundary for glucose and HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS The glucose level of patients who are diabetic and obese/overweight can be improved by supplementation with chitosan for at least 13 weeks at 1.6-3 g per day. Additional clinical research data are needed to confirm the role of chitosan, particularly in regulating glycosylated hemoglobin and insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Guo
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Academy of Traditional Medicine, No. 11 Jian Kang Street, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
- Inner Mongolia Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, 010020, China
| | - Letai Yi
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Academy of Traditional Medicine, No. 11 Jian Kang Street, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
- Inner Mongolia Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, 010020, China
| | - Baochang Zhou
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Minhui Li
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Academy of Traditional Medicine, No. 11 Jian Kang Street, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China.
- Inner Mongolia Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, 010020, China.
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014060, China.
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Xu T, Qi M, Liu H, Cao D, Xu C, Wang L, Qi B. Chitin degradation potential and whole-genome sequence of Streptomyces diastaticus strain CS1801. AMB Express 2020; 10:29. [PMID: 32036475 PMCID: PMC7007918 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-0963-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the chitin degradation potential and whole-genome sequence of Streptomyces diastaticus strain CS1801, which had been screened out in our previous work. The results of fermentation revealed that CS1801 can convert the chitin derived from crab shells, colloidal chitin and N-acetylglucosamine to chitooligosaccharide. Additional genome-wide analysis of CS1801 was also performed to explore the genomic basis for chitin degradation. The results showed that CS1801 possesses a chromosome with 5,611,479 bp (73% GC) and a plasmid with 1,388,284 bp (73% GC). The CS1801 genome consists of 7584 protein-coding genes, 90 tRNA and 21 rRNA operons. In addition, the results of genomic CAZyme analysis indicated that CS1801 comprises 103 glycoside hydrolase family genes, which could regulate the glycoside hydrolases that contribute to chitin degradation. The whole-genome information of CS1801 could highlight the mechanism underlying the chitin degradation activity of CS1801, strongly indicating that CS1801 is characterized by a substantial number of genes encoding chitinases and the complete metabolic pathway of chitin, conferring CS1801 with promising potential applicability in chitooligosaccharide production.
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Matias LLR, Costa ROA, Passos TS, Queiroz JLC, Serquiz AC, Maciel BLL, Santos PPA, Camillo CS, Gonçalves C, Amado IR, Pastrana L, Morais AHA. Tamarind Trypsin Inhibitor in Chitosan-Whey Protein Nanoparticles Reduces Fasting Blood Glucose Levels without Compromising Insulinemia: A Preclinical Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2770. [PMID: 31739532 PMCID: PMC6893787 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In vivo studies show the benefits of the trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind (Tamarindusindica L.) (TTI) seeds in satiety and obesity. In the present study, TTI nanoencapsulation (ECW) was performed to potentialize the effect of TTI and allow a controlled release in the stomach. The impact on glycemia, insulin, and lipid profile was evaluated in Wistar rats overfed with a high glycemic index diet (HGLI). Characterization of the nanoparticles and in vitro stability in simulated gastrointestinal conditions, monitored by antitrypsin activity and HPLC, was performed. ECW and empty nanoparticles (CW) were administered by gavage, using 12.5 and 10.0 mg/kg, respectively. Both nanoformulations presented a spherical shape and smooth surface, with an average diameter of 117.4 nm (24.1) for ECW and 123.9 nm (11.3) for CW. ECW maintained the antitrypsin activity (95.5%) in the gastric phase, while TTI was completely hydrolyzed. In Wistar rats, the nanoformulations significantly reduced glycemia and HOMA IR, and ECW increased HDL-c compared to CW (p < 0.05).Pancreas histopathology of animals treated with ECW suggested an onset of tissue repair. Thenanoencapsulation provided TTI protection, gradual release in the desired condition, and improvement of biochemical parameters related to carbohydrate metabolism disorders,without compromising insulinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia L. R. Matias
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil (B.L.L.M.)
| | - Rafael O. A. Costa
- Biochemistry Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil; (R.O.A.C.)
| | - Thaís S. Passos
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil;
| | - Jaluza L. C. Queiroz
- Biochemistry Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil; (R.O.A.C.)
| | - Alexandre C. Serquiz
- Course of Nutrition, Center University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59014-545, Brazil;
| | - Bruna L. L. Maciel
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil (B.L.L.M.)
| | - Pedro P. A. Santos
- Structural and Functional Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil (C.S.C.)
| | - Christina S. Camillo
- Structural and Functional Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil (C.S.C.)
| | - Catarina Gonçalves
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (C.G.); (L.P.)
| | - Isabel R. Amado
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (C.G.); (L.P.)
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas s/n, Ourense, 32004 Galicia, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Pastrana
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (C.G.); (L.P.)
| | - Ana H. A. Morais
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil (B.L.L.M.)
- Biochemistry Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil; (R.O.A.C.)
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil;
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (C.G.); (L.P.)
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Zhai X, Yuan S, Yang X, Zou P, Li L, Li G, Shao Y, Abd El-Aty AM, Hacımüftüoğlu A, Wang J. Chitosan Oligosaccharides Induce Apoptosis in Human Renal Carcinoma via Reactive-Oxygen-Species-Dependent Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:1691-1701. [PMID: 30658530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, various studies have confirmed the role of natural products as effective cancer prevention and treatment drugs. The present study demonstrated that chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) from shells of shrimp and crab caused an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human renal carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. First, the in vivo biodistribution of COS was investigated by the synthesis of cyanine-7-labeled COS (COS-Cy7) following tail vein injection. The kidney was found to be a major target organ. Then, the impacts on renal carcinoma cell proliferation, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were observed in vitro, and an orthotopic xenograft tumor model was designed to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of COS in vivo. In renal carcinoma cells, COS induced G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in a ROS-dependent fashion. COS significantly promoted mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and Nrf2 target genes, such as heme oxygenase 1, modifier subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase, and solute carrier family 7 member 11. Additionally, COS significantly upregulated the protein expression of glucose-regulated protein 78, protein RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum (ER) kinase, eukaryotic initiation factor 2α, activating transcription factor 4, C/EBP homologous protein, and cytochrome c, which justified the activation of the ER stress signaling pathway. In vivo, COS repressed tumor growth and induced apoptosis and ROS accumulation, consistent with the in vitro results. Taken together, COS repressed human renal carcinoma growth and induced apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo, mainly via ROS-dependent ER stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Zhai
- Department of Food Sciences and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , 92 West Dazhi Street , Nangang District, Harbin , Heilongjiang 150001 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Product , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , 12 Zhongguancun South Street , Haidian District, Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing 100850 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shoujun Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing 100850 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Food Sciences and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , 92 West Dazhi Street , Nangang District, Harbin , Heilongjiang 150001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Zou
- Department of Food Sciences and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , 92 West Dazhi Street , Nangang District, Harbin , Heilongjiang 150001 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Product , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , 12 Zhongguancun South Street , Haidian District, Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Linna Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing 100850 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyou Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing 100850 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Shao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Product , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , 12 Zhongguancun South Street , Haidian District, Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Cairo University , 12211 Giza , Egypt
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty , Ataturk University , 25240 Erzurum , Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hacımüftüoğlu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty , Ataturk University , 25240 Erzurum , Turkey
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Food Sciences and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , 92 West Dazhi Street , Nangang District, Harbin , Heilongjiang 150001 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Product , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , 12 Zhongguancun South Street , Haidian District, Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
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Li M, Fang H, Hu J. Apelin‑13 ameliorates metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in a rat model of type 2 diabetes with a high‑fat diet. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:5784-5790. [PMID: 30387843 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan Fang
- Department of Cadre Ward, The Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, Liaoning 110031, P.R. China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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11
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Zheng J, Li H, Zhang X, Jiang M, Luo C, Lu Z, Xu Z, Shi J. Prebiotic Mannan-Oligosaccharides Augment the Hypoglycemic Effects of Metformin in Correlation with Modulating Gut Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:5821-5831. [PMID: 29701959 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) induced by obesity and high-fat diet is significantly associated with gut microbiota dysbacteriosis. Because the first line clinical medicine of metformin has several intestinal drawbacks, combination usage of metformin with a prebiotic of konjac mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) was conceived and implemented aiming to investigate whether there were some intestinal synergetic effects and how MOS would function. Composite treatment of metformin and MOS demonstrated synergistic effects on ameliorating insulin resistance and glucose tolerance, also on repairing islet and hepatic histology. In addition, MF+MOS altered the gut community composition and structure by decreasing the relative abundances of family Rikenellaceae and order Clostridiales while increasing an unnamed OTU05945 of family S24-7, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum. The present study suggested that usage of MOS could augment the hypoglycemic effects of metformin in association with gut microbiota modulation, which could provide references for further medication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chunqin Luo
- Chengdu Yongan Yuanhe Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Fifth Tianfu Street , Chengdu 611630 , China
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12
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Zhai X, Yuan S, Yang X, Zou P, Shao Y, Abd El-Aty A, Hacımüftüoğlu A, Wang J. Growth-inhibition of S180 residual-tumor by combination of cyclophosphamide and chitosan oligosaccharides in vivo. Life Sci 2018; 202:21-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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13
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Yi Y, Li Y, Hou A, Ge Y, Xu Y, Xiong G, Yang X, Acevedo SA, Shi L, Xu H. A Retrospective Cohort Study of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in China: Associations of Hypoglycemia with Health Care Resource Utilization and Associated Costs. Diabetes Ther 2018; 9:1073-1082. [PMID: 29623592 PMCID: PMC5984912 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-018-0409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to examine the associations of hypoglycemia with health care resource utilization (HCRU) and health care costs among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted with 23,680 T2DM patients >18 years old who visited the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2015. Univariate descriptive statistics were used to relate the HCRU and associated costs to patient characteristics, and regression analysis was used to examine the association between hypoglycemia and HCRU, controlling for other confounding factors. RESULTS In the T2DM patients with or without insulin treatment, when compared with nonhypoglycemic patients, hypoglycemia was associated with more medical visits (all T2DM patients 19.48 vs. 10.46, insulin users 23.45 vs. 14.12) and higher diabetes-related medical costs (all T2DM patients ¥5187.54 vs. ¥3525.00, insulin users ¥6948.84 vs. ¥3401.15) and medication costs (T2DM patients ¥1349.40 vs. ¥641.92, insulin users: ¥1363.87 vs. ¥853.96). Controlling for age, gender, and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) score, hypoglycemia and insulin intake were associated with greater health care resource utilization. As compared to nonhypoglycemic patients, hypoglycemic T2DM patients and those on insulin therapy performed more outpatient visits (proportions of hypoglycemic vs nonhypoglycemic T2DM patients performing 3+ visits: 72.69% vs. 65.49%; proportions of hypoglycemic vs nonhypoglycemic patients on insulin therapy performing 3+ visits: 78.26% vs. 71.73%) and were hospitalized more often (proportions of hypoglycemic vs nonhypoglycemic T2DM patients with 3+ admissions 75.90% vs. 50.24%; proportions of hypoglycemic vs nonhypoglycemic patients on insulin therapy with 3+ admissions: 83.19% vs. 58.51%). CONCLUSION Hypoglycemia in diabetes patients was associated with increased healthcare resource utilization and health-related expenditure, especially for patients on insulin treatment. Insulin treatment regimens should be more individualized and account for hypoglycemia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Yi
- Department of Science and Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawei Li
- Department of Global Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1900, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Anran Hou
- Suzhou Hebta Health Information Technology Co., Ltd, 10-302 Creative Industrial Park, No. 328, Xinghu Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Ge
- School of Public Health, Medical School, Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Medical Big-Data Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Xiong
- Medical Big-Data Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlei Yang
- Department of Science and Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Stephanie Ann Acevedo
- Department of Community Health, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 119A N. Alexander St, New Orleans, LA, 70119, USA
| | - Lizheng Shi
- Department of Global Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1900, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
| | - Hua Xu
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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14
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Phil L, Naveed M, Mohammad IS, Bo L, Bin D. Chitooligosaccharide: An evaluation of physicochemical and biological properties with the proposition for determination of thermal degradation products. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:438-451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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15
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Liu G, Bei J, Liang L, Yu G, Li L, Li Q. Stachyose Improves Inflammation through Modulating Gut Microbiota of High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1700954. [PMID: 29341443 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The present study is undertaken to assess the effects of stachyose (STS) on type 2 diabetes in rats and changes in the gut microbiota compared to metformin (MET). METHODS AND RESULTS The type 2 diabetic model is successfully established via a high-fat diet /streptozotocin in Wistar rats, and STS or MET is administered for 4 weeks. Blood is collected to analyze biochemical parameters, pancreas for mRNA expression of related gene, and contents of colon for gut microbiota. STS or MET decreases serum LPS, mRNA expression of IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In addition, STS and MET show a similar shifting of the structure of the gut microbiota and a selective enrichment of key species. At the genus level, STS shows selective enrichment of Phascolarctobacterium, Bilophila, Oscillospira, Turicibacter, and SMB5, but MET demonstrates a selective effect on Sutterella, Prevotella, 02d06, and rc4. The correlation analysis indicates that STS and MET decrease IL-6 and TNF-α and increase Akt/PI3K expression, which are relative to key species of gut microbiota. CONCLUSION STS decreases pancreatic mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α via key species of gut microbiota. The mechanism of this effect is similar to that of MET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guimei Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-Thermal Processing, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Bei
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-Thermal Processing, Beijing, China
| | - Li Liang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-Thermal Processing, Beijing, China
| | - Guoyong Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-Thermal Processing, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-Thermal Processing, Beijing, China
| | - Quanhong Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-Thermal Processing, Beijing, China
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16
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Inagaki F, Momose M, Maruyama N, Matsuura K, Matsunaga T, Mukai C. Activation of disulfide bond cleavage triggered by hydrophobization and lipophilization of functionalized dihydroasparagusic acid. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:4320-4324. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01055b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of a hydrophilic group into dihydroasparagusic acid (DHAA) indicated higher reduction ability of disulfide in protein and lower air oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuhiko Inagaki
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
| | - Miyuki Momose
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
| | - Naoya Maruyama
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
| | - Kenkyo Matsuura
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology
- Duke University School of Medicine
- Durham
- USA
| | - Tsukasa Matsunaga
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
| | - Chisato Mukai
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
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