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Kotynia A, Krzyżak E, Żądło J, Witczak M, Szczukowski Ł, Mucha J, Świątek P, Marciniak A. Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Pyrrolo[3,4- d]pyridazinone Derivatives Interact with DNA and Bind to Plasma Proteins-Spectroscopic and In Silico Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1784. [PMID: 38339061 PMCID: PMC10855066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
From the point of view of the search for new pharmaceuticals, pyridazinone derivatives are a very promising group of compounds. In our previous works, we have proved that newly synthesized ligands from this group have desirable biological and pharmacokinetic properties. Therefore, we decided to continue the research evaluating the activity of pyrrolo[3,4-dpyridazinone derivatives. In this work, we focused on the interactions of five pyridazinone derivatives with the following biomolecules: DNA and two plasma proteins: orosomucoid and gamma globulin. Using several of spectroscopic methods, such as UV-Vis, CD, and fluorescence spectroscopy, we proved that the tested compounds form stable complexes with all biomacromolecules selected for analysis. These findings were also confirmed by the results obtained by molecular modeling. All tested pyridazinone derivatives bind to the ctDNA molecule via groove binding mechanisms. All these molecules can also be bound and transported by the tested plasma proteins; however, the stability of the complexes formed is lower than those formed with serum albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kotynia
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Edward Krzyżak
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Julia Żądło
- “Biomolecule” Student Science Club, Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (J.Ż.); (M.W.)
| | - Maja Witczak
- “Biomolecule” Student Science Club, Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (J.Ż.); (M.W.)
| | - Łukasz Szczukowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (Ł.S.); (P.Ś.)
| | - Jakub Mucha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Piotr Świątek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (Ł.S.); (P.Ś.)
| | - Aleksandra Marciniak
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
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2
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Interactions between stipuol enantiomers and human serum albumin. Food Chem 2022; 385:132686. [PMID: 35299022 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Natural polyacetylenes occur in food and herbal plants, have a wide range of bioactivities, and are recognized as important nutraceuticals. Stipuol is a natural polyacetylene present in the edible plant Panax notoginseng. The present study was aimed to study interactions of rac-stipuol and its enantiomers with human serum albumin (HSA) using multi-spectroscopic, molecular modeling and microscale thermophoresis. Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectra manifest that the fluorescence quenching mechanism is mainly static in type. The bindings of (S)-stipuol, (R)-stipuol, rac-stipuol lead to some microenvironmental and slight conformational changes of HSA. Competitive ligand displacement experiments and molecular modeling studies revealed that stipuol enantiomers bind to HSA at subdomain III (site IIA). The calculated values of Ka and Kd showed that (R)-stipuol had a stronger binding affinity than (S)-stipuol. The results are informative for use of stipuol as a nutraceutical to improve human health.
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3
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Hann E, Malagu K, Stott A, Vater H. The importance of plasma protein and tissue binding in a drug discovery program to successfully deliver a preclinical candidate. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2022; 61:163-214. [PMID: 35753715 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmch.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plasma protein binding and tissue binding are arguably two of the most critical parameters that are measured as part of a drug discovery program since, according to the free drug hypothesis, it is the free drug that is responsible for both efficacy and toxicity. This chapter aims to deconstruct the role of plasma protein and tissue binding in drug discovery programs, and to consider the conclusion made by Pfizer and Genentech/Depomed a decade ago that optimising plasma protein binding as an independent parameter does not significantly influence efficacy. This chapter will also examine how binding metrics are applied in drug discovery programs and explore circumstances where optimising plasma protein or tissue binding can be an effective strategy to deliver a candidate molecule for preclinical development with an early indication of sufficient therapeutic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Hann
- Charles River Laboratories, Robinson Building, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, United Kingdom.
| | - Karine Malagu
- Charles River Laboratories, Robinson Building, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Stott
- Charles River Laboratories, Robinson Building, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, United Kingdom
| | - Huw Vater
- Charles River Laboratories, Robinson Building, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, United Kingdom
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4
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Graham GG, Scott KF. Limitations of drug concentrations used in cell culture studies for understanding clinical responses of NSAIDs. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1261-1278. [PMID: 34510275 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In this review, the in vitro cellular effects of six nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), salicylate, ibuprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, celecoxib and diclofenac, are examined. Inhibition of prostanoid synthesis in vitro generally occurs within the therapeutic range of plasma concentrations that are observed in vivo, consistent with the major action of NSAIDs being inhibition of prostanoid production. An additional probable cellular action of NSAIDs has been discovered recently, viz. decreased oxidation of the endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol and arachidonyl ethanolamide. Many effects of NSAIDs, other than decreased oxidation of arachidonic acid and endocannabinoids, have been put forward but almost all of these additional processes are observed at supratherapeutic concentrations when the concentration of albumin, the major protein that binds NSAIDs, is taken into account. However, one exception is salicylate, a very potent inhibitor of the neutrophilic enzyme, myeloperoxidase, the inhibition of which leads to reduced production of the inflammatory mediator, hypochlorous acid, and inhibition of the inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garry G Graham
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia. .,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Kieran F Scott
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia. .,Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, 1 Campbell St, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia.
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Shah SB, Hariharan U, Chawla R. Common anti-COVID-19 drugs and their anticipated interaction with anesthetic agents. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2021; 37:160-170. [PMID: 34349362 PMCID: PMC8289657 DOI: 10.4103/joacp.joacp_461_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has till date (26/7/20) affected 1crore 62 lac 73 thousand 638 people globally with almost 6.5 lakh mortalities. COVID-19 has invaded the operation theatre and intensive care unit (ICU) in a short span of 6 months. It appears inevitable that all of us, as anesthesiologists, have to treat COVID-positive patients, either in the ICU or the operation theatre. Many asymptomatic, presumably noninfected people including frontline health care workers are also consuming potential anticorona viral drugs (such as hydroxychloroquine) prophylactically and may present for surgery. Detailed knowledge of which anesthetic and perioperative care drugs can interact with anti-COVID drugs would be very valuable for pre, intra-, and postoperative management of such patients and COVID-19 positive patients requiring intubation, mechanical ventilation, and ICU-sedation. Powered with this knowledge, anesthesiologists and intensivists can minimize the adverse effects of drug interactions. An extensive literature search using different search engines including Cochrane, Embase, Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed for all indexed review articles, original articles, case reports, and referenced webpages was performed to extract the most current and relevant literature on drug-drug interactions for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagun B. Shah
- Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Sector-5, Rohini, India
| | - Uma Hariharan
- Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital and PGIMER, CHS, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajiv Chawla
- Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Sector-5, Rohini, India
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6
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Starek M, Plenis A, Zagrobelna M, Dąbrowska M. Assessment of Lipophilicity Descriptors of Selected NSAIDs Obtained at Different TLC Stationary Phases. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:440. [PMID: 33805056 PMCID: PMC8064060 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipophilicity study of selected NSAIDs, the group of the bioactive compounds usually used in humans and animals medicine, with the use of experimental and calculation methods was evaluated. LogP values are proposed and compared as descriptors of the lipophilicity of eleven compounds (from oxicams and coxibs). Obtained data were designated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) in various chromatographic conditions, with stationary phases with different properties. The mobile phase systems were prepared by mixing the respective amounts of water and organic modifier, methanol and acetone, in the range of 30 to 80% (v/v) in 5% increments. Retention parameters (RF, RM and RM0) were calculated and statistically evaluated to establish correlations. All experimentally determined RM0 values were compared with partition coefficients obtained by computational methods using linear regression analysis. Moreover, in order to extract information about the lipophilicity of compounds from large retention datasets, two chemometric approaches, namely principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were carried out. Established models of lipophilicity may have the potential to predict the biological activity of a number of drugs. The presented knowledge may also be of use during drug discovery processes, broadening the knowledge of potential ways to modify the physicochemical properties of chemical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Starek
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Alina Plenis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Marta Zagrobelna
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Monika Dąbrowska
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.D.)
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Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling to Predict the Impact of CYP2C9 Genetic Polymorphisms, Co-Medication and Formulation on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Flurbiprofen. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111049. [PMID: 33147873 PMCID: PMC7693160 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) models can serve as a powerful framework for predicting the influence as well as the interaction of formulation, genetic polymorphism and co-medication on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drug substances. In this study, flurbiprofen, a potent non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug, was chosen as a model drug. Flurbiprofen has absolute bioavailability of ~95% and linear pharmacokinetics in the dose range of 50–300 mg. Its absorption is considered variable and complex, often associated with double peak phenomena, and its pharmacokinetics are characterized by high inter-subject variability, mainly due to its metabolism by the polymorphic CYP2C9 (fmCYP2C9 ≥ 0.71). In this study, by leveraging in vitro, in silico and in vivo data, an integrated PBPK/PD model with mechanistic absorption was developed and evaluated against clinical data from PK, PD, drug-drug and gene-drug interaction studies. The PBPK model successfully predicted (within 2-fold) 36 out of 38 observed concentration-time profiles of flurbiprofen as well as the CYP2C9 genetic effects after administration of different intravenous and oral dosage forms over a dose range of 40–300 mg in both Caucasian and Chinese healthy volunteers. All model predictions for Cmax, AUCinf and CL/F were within two-fold of their respective mean or geometric mean values, while 90% of the predictions of Cmax, 81% of the predictions of AUCinf and 74% of the predictions of Cl/F were within 1.25 fold. In addition, the drug-drug and drug-gene interactions were predicted within 1.5-fold of the observed interaction ratios (AUC, Cmax ratios). The validated PBPK model was further expanded by linking it to an inhibitory Emax model describing the analgesic efficacy of flurbiprofen and applying it to explore the effect of formulation and genetic polymorphisms on the onset and duration of pain relief. This comprehensive PBPK/PD analysis, along with a detailed translational biopharmaceutic framework including appropriately designed biorelevant in vitro experiments and in vitro-in vivo extrapolation, provided mechanistic insight on the impact of formulation and genetic variations, two major determinants of the population variability, on the PK/PD of flurbiprofen. Clinically relevant specifications and potential dose adjustments were also proposed. Overall, the present work highlights the value of a translational PBPK/PD approach, tailored to target populations and genotypes, as an approach towards achieving personalized medicine.
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8
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Loisios-Konstantinidis I, Cristofoletti R, Fotaki N, Turner DB, Dressman J. Establishing virtual bioequivalence and clinically relevant specifications using in vitro biorelevant dissolution testing and physiologically-based population pharmacokinetic modeling. case example: Naproxen. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 143:105170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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9
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Mohammadnia F, Fatemi MH, Taghizadeh SM. Study on the interaction of anti-inflammatory drugs with human serum albumin using molecular docking, quantitative structure-activity relationship, and fluorescence spectroscopy. LUMINESCENCE 2019; 35:266-273. [PMID: 31766079 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of 14 anti-inflammatory drugs with human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated using fluorescence quenching, molecular docking studies, and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) methodology. Binding of anti-inflammatory drugs to HSA plays a fundamental role in their transport, distribution, delivery, and elimination. Binding constants of these drugs to HSA, obtained using the fluorescence quenching method, were within the range 0.01 × 104 M-1 (acetaminophen) to 1881.05 × 104 M-1 (meloxicam). Binding sites and binding constants of these anti-inflammatory drugs were estimated using molecular docking. Inspection of the obtained values for docking score, logKb and Kb , showed that the drugs in this data set have a relatively strong binding constant for HSA. QSAR modelling was applied for binding constants obtained from fluorescence quenching and theoretical molecular descriptors. This modelling led to a linear two-parameter model with a correlation coefficient of 0.95 and adequate robustness. The descriptor results showed the importance of a bonding network and electronegativity as the discriminative structural factors in binding affinity for the HSA molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mohammadnia
- Laboratory of Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandarn, Babolsar, Iran
| | - M H Fatemi
- Laboratory of Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandarn, Babolsar, Iran
| | - S M Taghizadeh
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Science, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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10
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Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-1 Inhibitors in Cancer: A Review of Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry Literature. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11040101. [PMID: 30314310 PMCID: PMC6316056 DOI: 10.3390/ph11040101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandins and thromboxane are lipid signaling molecules deriving from arachidonic acid by the action of the cyclooxygenase isoenzymes COX-1 and COX-2. The role of cyclooxygenases (particularly COX-2) and prostaglandins (particularly PGE₂) in cancer-related inflammation has been extensively investigated. In contrast, COX-1 has received less attention, although its expression increases in several human cancers and a pathogenetic role emerges from experimental models. COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms seem to operate in a coordinate manner in cancer pathophysiology, especially in the tumorigenesis process. However, in some cases, exemplified by the serous ovarian carcinoma, COX-1 plays a pivotal role, suggesting that other histopathological and molecular subtypes of cancer disease could share this feature. Importantly, the analysis of functional implications of COX-1-signaling, as well as of pharmacological action of COX-1-selective inhibitors, should not be restricted to the COX pathway and to the effects of prostaglandins already known for their ability of affecting the tumor phenotype. A knowledge-based choice of the most appropriate tumor cell models, and a major effort in investigating the COX-1 issue in the more general context of arachidonic acid metabolic network by using the systems biology approaches, should be strongly encouraged.
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11
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Maryam L, Sharma A, Azam MW, Khan SN, Khan AU. Understanding the mode of binding mechanism of doripenem to human serum albumin: Spectroscopic and molecular docking approaches. J Mol Recognit 2018; 31:e2710. [PMID: 29603446 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria are widely treated with carabapenem antibiotics as a drug of choice, and human serum albumin (HSA) plays a vital role in binding with drugs and affecting its rate of delivery and efficacy. So, we have initiated this study to characterize the mechanism of doripenem binding and to locate its site of binding on HSA by using spectroscopic and docking approaches. The binding of doripenem leads to alteration of the environment surrounding Trp-214 residue of HSA as observed by UV spectroscopic study. Fluorescence spectroscopic study revealed considerable interaction and complex formation of doripenem and HSA as indicated by Ksv and Kq values of the order of 104 M-1 and 1012 M-1 s-1 , respectively. Furthermore, doripenem quenches the fluorescence of HSA spontaneously on a single binding site with binding constant of the order of 103 M-1 , through an exothermic process. Van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding are the major forces operating to stabilize HSA-doripenem complex. Circular dichroism spectroscopic study showed changes in the structure of HSA upon doripenem binding. Drug displacement and molecular docking studies revealed that the binding site of doripenem on HSA is located on subdomain IB and III A. This study concludes that, due to significant interaction of doripenem on either subdomain IB or IIIA of HSA, the availability of doripenem on the target site may be compromised. Hence, there is a possibility of unavailability of threshold amount of drug to be reached to the target; consequently, resistance may develop in the bacterial population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Maryam
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Ashima Sharma
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohd W Azam
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Shahper N Khan
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Asad U Khan
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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12
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Unraveling the binding characteristics of the anti-HIV agents abacavir, efavirenz and emtricitabine to bovine serum albumin using spectroscopic and molecular simulation approaches. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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13
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Interventional Spine and Pain Procedures in Patients on Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Medications (Second Edition). Reg Anesth Pain Med 2017; 43:225-262. [DOI: 10.1097/aap.0000000000000700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Biophysical and In Silico Studies of the Interaction between the Anti-Viral Agents Acyclovir and Penciclovir, and Human Serum Albumin. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111906. [PMID: 29113080 PMCID: PMC6150291 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acyclovir (ACV) and penciclovir (PNV) have been commonly used during the last few decades as potent antiviral agents, especially for the treatment of herpes virus infections. In the present research their binding properties with human serum albumin (HSA) were studied using different advanced spectroscopic and in-silico methods. The interactions between ACV/PNV and HSA at the three investigated temperatures revealed a static type of binding. Extraction of the thermodynamic parameters of the ACV-HSA and PNV-HSA systems from the measured spectrofluorimetric data demonstrated spontaneous interactions with an enthalpy change (∆H0) of −1.79 ± 0.29 and −4.47 ± 0.51 kJ·mol−1 for ACV and PNV, respectively. The entropy change (∆S0) of 79.40 ± 0.95 and 69.95 ± 1.69 J·mol−1·K−1 for ACV and PNV, respectively, hence supported a potential contribution of electrostatic binding forces to the ACV-HSA and PNV-HSA systems. Putative binding of ACV/PNV to HSA, using previously reported site markers, showed that ACV/PNV were bound to HSA within subdomains IIA and IIIA (Sudlow sites I and II). Further confirmation was obtained through molecular docking studies of ACV-HSA and PNV-HSA binding, which confirmed the binding site of ACV/PNV with the most stable configurations of ACV/PNV within the HSA. These ACV/PNV conformers were shown to have free energies of −25.61 and −22.01 kJ·mol−1 for ACV within the HSA sites I and II and −22.97 and −26.53 kJ·mol−1 for PNV in HSA sites I and II, with hydrogen bonding and electrostatic forces being the main binding forces in such conformers.
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15
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Ansari SS, Khan RH, Naqvi S. Probing the intermolecular interactions into serum albumin and anthraquinone systems: a spectroscopic and docking approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:3362-3375. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1388284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Shakeel Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saeeda Naqvi
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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16
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Alanazi AM, Abdelhameed AS, Bakheit AH, Darwish IA. Exploring the interaction forces involved in the binding of the multiple myeloma drug lenalidomide to bovine serum albumin. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.04.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Maryam L, Khan AU. Structural insight into mode of binding of Meropenem to CTX-M-15 type β-lactamase. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 96:78-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Li X, DuBois DC, Almon RR, Jusko WJ. Effect of Disease-Related Changes in Plasma Albumin on the Pharmacokinetics of Naproxen in Male and Female Arthritic Rats. Drug Metab Dispos 2017; 45:476-483. [PMID: 28246126 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.074500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Naproxen (NPX) is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for alleviation of pain and inflammation. In view of the extensive albumin binding of NPX, this study investigates whether chronic inflammation and sex influence the physiologic albumin concentrations, plasma protein binding, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of NPX. The PK of NPX was evaluated in a rat model of RA [collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in Lewis rats] and in healthy controls. These PK studies included 1) NPX in female and male CIA rats that received 10, 25, or 50 mg/kg NPX i.p.; and 2) NPX in healthy female and male rats after i.p. dosing of NPX at 50 mg/kg. Plasma albumin concentrations were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and protein binding was assessed using ultrafiltration. The NPX concentrations in plasma and filtrates were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Plasma concentration-time data of NPX were first assessed by noncompartmental analysis (NCA). Nonlinear PK as indicated by dose-dependent NCA clearances and distribution volumes was observed. A two-compartment model with a first-order absorption process incorporating nonlinear protein binding in plasma and tissues jointly described the PK data of all groups. Saturable albumin binding accounts for the nonlinearity of NPX PK in all rats as well as part of the PK differences in arthritic rats. The CIA rats exhibited reduced albumin concentrations, reduced overall protein binding, and reduced clearances of unbound NPX, consistent with expectations during inflammation. The net effect of chronic inflammation was an elevation of the Cmax and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of unbound drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Li
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (X.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (X.L., D.C.D., R.R.A., W.J.J.), and Department of Biological Sciences (D.C.D., R.R.A.), State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Debra C DuBois
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (X.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (X.L., D.C.D., R.R.A., W.J.J.), and Department of Biological Sciences (D.C.D., R.R.A.), State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Richard R Almon
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (X.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (X.L., D.C.D., R.R.A., W.J.J.), and Department of Biological Sciences (D.C.D., R.R.A.), State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - William J Jusko
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (X.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (X.L., D.C.D., R.R.A., W.J.J.), and Department of Biological Sciences (D.C.D., R.R.A.), State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
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Hossain MK, Khatun A, Rahman M, Akter MN, Chowdhury SA, Alam SM. Characterization of the Effect of Drug-Drug Interaction on Protein Binding in Concurrent Administration of Sulfamethoxazol and Diclofenac Sodium Using Bovine Serum Albumin. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 6:589-595. [PMID: 28101466 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2016.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This project was aimed to determine the effect of concurrent administration of sulfamethoxazole and diclofenac sodium. Methods: Equilibrium dialysis method was adopted to study different protein binding aspects of sulfamethoxazole and diclofenac sodium. Results: Sulfamethoxazole showed two types of association constants; high affinity constant 29.0±0.20×106 M-1 with lower number of binding sites of 0.7±1 and low affinity constant 1.13±0.20×106 M-1 with higher number of binding sites of 3.45±1 at pH 7.4 and 40 °C temperature. Diclofenac sodium showed high affinity constant 33.66±0.20×106 M-1 with lower number of binding sites of 1.01±1 and low affinity constant 1.72±0.20×106 M-1 with higher number of binding sites of 6.40±1 at the same condition. Site specific probe displacement data implied that site-I, warfarin sodium site, was the high affinity site, while site-II, diazepam site, was the low affinity site for these drugs. During concurrent administration, sulfamethoxazole increased the free concentration of diclofenac sodium from 17.5±0.14% to 70.0±0.014% in absence and from 22.5±0.07% to 83.0±0.014% in presence of site-I specific probe. Diclofenac sodium also increased the free concentration of sulfamethoxazole from 2.8±0.07% to 52.0±0.14% and from 8.5±0.014% to 64.4±0.07% in absence and presence of site-I specific probe respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed that the concurrent administration of sulfamethoxazole and diclofenac sodium may result drug concentration alteration in blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Kamal Hossain
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh. ; Opsonin Pharma Limited, 30, New Eskaton Road, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - Amina Khatun
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh. ; Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW- 2480, Australia
| | - Mahmudur Rahman
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh. ; Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW- 2480, Australia
| | - Md Nahid Akter
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh
| | - Sadia Afreen Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - Sm Mahbubul Alam
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh. ; Chancery, High Commission for the People's Republic of Bangladesh, London
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20
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Maryam L, Khan AU. A Mechanism of Synergistic Effect of Streptomycin and Cefotaxime on CTX-M-15 Type β-lactamase Producing Strain of E. cloacae: A First Report. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:2007. [PMID: 28018328 PMCID: PMC5156679 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A blaCTX-M-15 gene is one of the most prevalent resistant marker found in member of enterobacteriaceae. It encodes cefotaxime hydrolysing β-lactamase-15 (CTX-M-15) causing resistance against beta lactam antibiotics. Since single antibiotic therapy fails to control infection caused by multidrug resistance strain, therefore combination therapy was came into practice as an effective treatment. We have first time explained the mechanism where two antibiotics of different classes work against resistant strains. Binding parameters obtained by spectroscopic approach showed significant interaction and complex formation between drugs and CTX-M-15 enzyme with decreased ksv and kq values. CD analysis showed altered conformation and significant changes in alpha helical content of CTX-M-15 enzyme on interaction with streptomycin in combination with cephalosporin. Steady state kinetics revealed decrease in hydrolytic efficiency of enzyme to about 27% by cooperative binding behavior upon sequential treatment of enzyme with streptomycin and cefotaxime. Therefore, the study concludes that combination therapy against CTX-M-15 producing strain with Cefotaxime/Streptomycin in 1:10 molar ratio, decreases CTX-M-15 efficiency significantly because of the fact that streptomycin induced structural changes in CTX-M-15 hence cefotaxime was not properly bound on its active site for hydrolysis rather available for the target to inhibit bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Maryam
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, India
| | - Asad U Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, India
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21
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Patel A, Panter GH, Trollope HT, Glennon YC, Owen SF, Sumpter JP, Rand-Weaver M. Testing the "read-across hypothesis" by investigating the effects of ibuprofen on fish. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 163:592-600. [PMID: 27572306 PMCID: PMC5034852 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Human pharmaceuticals present in the environment have the potential to cause adverse effects on non-target organisms. The "read-across hypothesis" stipulates that pharmaceuticals will exhibit similar biological effects across species (e.g. human and fish) if the molecular target has been conserved and the effective drug concentrations are reached (Cmax). We tested this hypothesis by evaluating if ibuprofen, a non-selective inhibitor of prostaglandins and the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme, can mimic its primary effect in humans, on fish, at comparable plasma concentrations. The endpoints, prostaglandin E metabolite (PGEM) levels and the mRNA expression of COX (ptgs) gene, were measured in the gills of control and exposed fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas), using enzyme-immunoassay and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Fish were exposed, for 24-72 h, to measured water concentrations of 9 (n = 12), 370 (n = 40) and 470 μg ibuprofen/L (n = 12). Water and blood plasma concentrations were determined using LC-MS/MS. Results showed that PGEM levels in fish exposed to 370 and 470 μg ibuprofen/L were significantly decreased compared to control fish, when mean plasma ibuprofen concentrations were 1.8-5.6-fold below the Cmax. The plasma ibuprofen concentrations and PGEM levels varied greatly between individuals. In fish exposed to 9 μg ibuprofen/L, when the mean plasma ibuprofen concentration was 224-fold below Cmax, no change in PGEM levels was observed. These data provide evidence for the read-across hypothesis, but suggest establishing a direct dose-response between internal plasma and PGEM is difficult, and would require significantly larger numbers of fish to overcome the inter-individual variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpa Patel
- Biosciences, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Grace H Panter
- AstraZeneca, Brixham Environmental Laboratory, Freshwater Quarry, Brixham, Devon, TQ5 8BA, United Kingdom
| | - Henry T Trollope
- AstraZeneca, Brixham Environmental Laboratory, Freshwater Quarry, Brixham, Devon, TQ5 8BA, United Kingdom
| | - Yohanna C Glennon
- AstraZeneca, Brixham Environmental Laboratory, Freshwater Quarry, Brixham, Devon, TQ5 8BA, United Kingdom
| | - Stewart F Owen
- AstraZeneca, Brixham Environmental Laboratory, Freshwater Quarry, Brixham, Devon, TQ5 8BA, United Kingdom
| | - John P Sumpter
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom.
| | - Mariann Rand-Weaver
- Biosciences, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
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Quantitative parameters of complexes of tris(1-alkylindol-3-yl)methylium salts with serum albumin: Relevance for the design of drug candidates. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 162:570-576. [PMID: 27475780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Triarylmethane derivatives are extensively investigated as antitumor and antibacterial drug candidates alone and as photoactivatable compounds. In the series of tris(1-alkylindol-3-yl)methylium salts (TIMs) these two activities differed depending on the length of N-alkyl chain, with C4-5 derivatives being the most potent compared to the shorter or longer chain analogs and to the natural compound turbomycin A (no N-substituent). Given that the human serum albumin (HSA) is a major transporter protein with which TIMs can form stable complexes, and that the formation of these complexes might be advantageous for phototoxicity of TIMs we determined the quantitative parameters of TIMs-HSA binding using spectroscopic methods and molecular docking. TIMs bound to HSA (1:1 stoichiometry) altered the protein's secondary structure by changing the α-helix/β-turn ratio. The IIa subdomain (Sudlow site I) is the preferred TIM binding site in HSA as determined in competition experiments with reference drugs ibuprofen and warfarin. The values of binding constants increased with the number of CH2 groups from 0 to 6 and then dropped down for C10 compound, a dependence similar to the one observed for cytocidal potency of TIMs. We tend to attribute this non-linear dependence to an interplay between hydrophobicity and steric hindrance, the two key characteristics of TIMs-HSA complexes calculated in the molecular docking procedure. These structure-activity relationships provide evidence for rational design of TIMs-based antitumor and antimicrobial drugs.
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23
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Arunkumar P, Indulekha S, Vijayalakshmi S, Srivastava R. Synthesis, characterizations, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of Etoricoxib-loaded Poly (Caprolactone) microparticles--a potential Intra-articular drug delivery system for the treatment of Osteoarthritis. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2016; 27:303-16. [PMID: 26689653 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2015.1125564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Intra-articular Drug delivery systems (IA-DDS) deliver the drug directly to the diseased joint space with significantly lowered systemic toxicities. In this work, we explored Etoricoxib (COX-2 inhibitor)-loaded Poly caprolactone (PCL) microparticles (MPs) as a potential IA-DDS. MPs were prepared by Oil/Water (O/W) emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Formulation parameters like polymer to drug ratio, stabilizer concentration were optimized to get the maximum encapsulation efficiency. The prepared particles were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction studies (XRD), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The particles were found to be spherical and smooth-surfaced using SEM. FTIR studies proved that there was no chemical interaction between the drug and the polymer. XRD and DSC studies confirmed that Etoricoxib existed in its amorphous form while PCL had retained its semi-crystalline phase during the micro-encapsulation process. In vitro drug release studies proved that there was controlled release of the drug from the MPs for nearly 28 days. In vivo synovial drug clearance studies on SD rats proved that drug leach out rate from the joint region to the systemic circulation was slow which indicated that MPs had a good drug retention capacity. In vivo fluorescence imaging results confirmed that MPs could stay longer in the joint region for almost a month. Thus, PCL microparticles could be a potential IA-DDS for the treatment of the diseased joint regions especially for Osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Arunkumar
- a Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science (CRNTS), Indian Institute of Technology , Bombay , India
| | - S Indulekha
- b Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Bombay , India
| | - S Vijayalakshmi
- a Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science (CRNTS), Indian Institute of Technology , Bombay , India
| | - R Srivastava
- b Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Bombay , India
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24
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Rehman MT, Ahmed S, Khan AU. Interaction of meropenem with ‘N’ and ‘B’ isoforms of human serum albumin: a spectroscopic and molecular docking study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2015; 34:1849-64. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2015.1094411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Tabish Rehman
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP 202 002, India
| | - Sarfraz Ahmed
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP 202 002, India
| | - Asad U. Khan
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP 202 002, India
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Lambrinidis G, Vallianatou T, Tsantili-Kakoulidou A. In vitro, in silico and integrated strategies for the estimation of plasma protein binding. A review. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 86:27-45. [PMID: 25819487 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Plasma protein binding (PPB) strongly affects drug distribution and pharmacokinetic behavior with consequences in overall pharmacological action. Extended plasma protein binding may be associated with drug safety issues and several adverse effects, like low clearance, low brain penetration, drug-drug interactions, loss of efficacy, while influencing the fate of enantiomers and diastereoisomers by stereoselective binding within the body. Therefore in holistic drug design approaches, where ADME(T) properties are considered in parallel with target affinity, considerable efforts are focused in early estimation of PPB mainly in regard to human serum albumin (HSA), which is the most abundant and most important plasma protein. The second critical serum protein α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), although often underscored, plays also an important and complicated role in clinical therapy and thus the last years it has been studied thoroughly too. In the present review, after an overview of the principles of HSA and AGP binding as well as the structure topology of the proteins, the current trends and perspectives in the field of PPB predictions are presented and discussed considering both HSA and AGP binding. Since however for the latter protein systematic studies have started only the last years, the review focuses mainly to HSA. One part of the review highlights the challenge to develop rapid techniques for HSA and AGP binding simulation and their performance in assessment of PPB. The second part focuses on in silico approaches to predict HSA and AGP binding, analyzing and evaluating structure-based and ligand-based methods, as well as combination of both methods in the aim to exploit the different information and overcome the limitations of each individual approach. Ligand-based methods use the Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) methodology to establish quantitate models for the prediction of binding constants from molecular descriptors, while they provide only indirect information on binding mechanism. Efforts for the establishment of global models, automated workflows and web-based platforms for PPB predictions are presented and discussed. Structure-based methods relying on the crystal structures of drug-protein complexes provide detailed information on the underlying mechanism but are usually restricted to specific compounds. They are useful to identify the specific binding site while they may be important in investigating drug-drug interactions, related to PPB. Moreover, chemometrics or structure-based modeling may be supported by experimental data a promising integrated alternative strategy for ADME(T) properties optimization. In the case of PPB the use of molecular modeling combined with bioanalytical techniques is frequently used for the investigation of AGP binding.
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26
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Colclough N, Wenlock MC. Interpreting physicochemical experimental data sets. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2015; 29:779-94. [PMID: 26054297 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-015-9850-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
With the wealth of experimental physicochemical data available to chemoinformaticians from the literature, commercial, and company databases an increasing challenge is the interpretation of such datasets. Subtle differences in experimental methodology used to generate these datasets can give rise to variations in physicochemical property values. Such methodology nuances will be apparent to an expert experimentalist but not necessarily to the data analyst and modeller. This paper describes the differences between common methodologies for measuring the four most important physicochemical properties namely aqueous solubility, octan-1-ol/water distribution coefficient, pK(a) and plasma protein binding highlighting key factors that can lead to systematic differences. Insight is given into how to identify datasets suitable for combining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Colclough
- Oncology and Drug Safety and Metabolism, Innovative Medicines, Mereside, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, UK.
| | - Mark C Wenlock
- Oncology and Drug Safety and Metabolism, Innovative Medicines, Mereside, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, UK
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Chung J, Alvarez-Nunez F, Chow V, Daurio D, Davis J, Dodds M, Emery M, Litwiler K, Paccaly A, Peng J, Rock B, Wienkers L, Yang C, Yu Z, Wahlstrom J. Utilizing Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Inform Formulation and Clinical Development for a Compound with pH-Dependent Solubility. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:1522-32. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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28
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Interventional Spine and Pain Procedures in Patients on Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Medications. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2015; 40:182-212. [DOI: 10.1097/aap.0000000000000223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Rahman M, Prianka F, Shohel M, Mazid MA. Interaction of palmitic Acid with metoprolol succinate at the binding sites of bovine serum albumin. Adv Pharm Bull 2014; 4:379-83. [PMID: 25436195 DOI: 10.5681/apb.2014.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to characterize the binding profile as well as to notify the interaction of palmitic acid with metoprolol succinate at its binding site on albumin. METHODS The binding of metoprolol succinate to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by equilibrium dialysis method (ED) at 27°C and pH 7.4, in order to have an insight in the binding chemistry of the drug to BSA in presence and absence of palmitic acid. The study was carried out using ranitidine as site-1 and diazepam as site-2 specific probe. RESULTS Different analysis of binding of metoprolol succinate to bovine serum albumin suggested two sets of association constants: high affinity association constant (k1 = 11.0 x 10(5) M(-1)) with low capacity (n1 = 2) and low affinity association (k2 = 4.0×10(5) M(-1)) constant with high capacity (n2 = 8) at pH 7.4 and 27°C. During concurrent administration of palmitic acid and metoprolol succinate in presence or absence of ranitidine or diazepam, it was found that palmitic acid displaced metoprolol succinate from its binding site on BSA resulting reduced binding of metoprolol succinate to BSA. The increment in free fraction of metoprolol succinate was from 26.27% to 55.08% upon the addition of increased concentration of palmitic acid at a concentration of 0×10(-5) M to 16×10(-5) M. In presence of ranitidine and diazepam, palmitic acid further increases the free fraction of metoprolol succinate from 33.05% to 66.95% and 40.68% to 72.88%, respectively. CONCLUSION This data provided the evidence of interaction at higher concentration of palmitic acid at the binding sites on BSA, which might change the pharmacokinetic properties of metoprolol succinate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashiur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - Farzana Prianka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Shohel
- Department of Pharmacy, North South University, Dhaka- 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Mazid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
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30
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Rehman MT, Shamsi H, Khan AU. Insight into the binding mechanism of imipenem to human serum albumin by spectroscopic and computational approaches. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:1785-97. [PMID: 24745377 DOI: 10.1021/mp500116c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of interaction between imipenem and HSA was investigated by various techniques like fluorescence, UV.vis absorbance, FRET, circular dichroism, urea denaturation, enzyme kinetics, ITC, and molecular docking. We found that imipenem binds to HSA at a high affinity site located in subdomain IIIA (Sudlow's site I) and a low affinity site located in subdomain IIA.IIB. Electrostatic interactions played a vital role along with hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions in stabilizing the imipenem.HSA complex at subdomain IIIA, while only electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions were present at subdomain IIA.IIB. The binding and thermodynamic parameters obtained by ITC showed that the binding of imipenem to HSA was a spontaneous process (ΔGD⁰(D)= -32.31 kJ mol(-1) for high affinity site and ΔGD⁰(D) = -23.02 kJ mol(-1) for low affinity site) with binding constants in the range of 10(4)-10(5) M(-1). Spectroscopic investigation revealed only one binding site of imipenem on HSA (Ka∼10(4) M(-1)). FRET analysis showed that the binding distance between imipenem and HSA (Trp-214) was optimal (r = 4.32 nm) for quenching to occur. Decrease in esterase-like activity of HSA in the presence of imipenem showed that Arg-410 and Tyr-411 of subdomain IIIA (Sudlow's site II) were directly involved in the binding process. CD spectral analysis showed altered conformation of HSA upon imipenem binding. Moreover, the binding of imipenem to subdomain IIIA (Sudlow's site II) of HSA also affected its folding pathway as clear from urea-induced denaturation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tabish Rehman
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202 002, India
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Bolel P, Datta S, Mahapatra N, Halder M. Exploration of pH-Dependent Behavior of the Anion Receptor Pocket of Subdomain IIA of HSA: Determination of Effective Pocket Charge Using the Debye–Hückel Limiting Law. J Phys Chem B 2013; 118:26-36. [DOI: 10.1021/jp407057f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Bolel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India
| | - Shubhashis Datta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India
| | - Niharendu Mahapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India
| | - Mintu Halder
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India
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Rehman M, Faheem M, Khan A. Insignificant β-lactamase activity of human serum albumin: no panic to nonmicrobial-based drug resistance. Lett Appl Microbiol 2013; 57:325-9. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.T. Rehman
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory; Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit; Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh UP India
| | - M. Faheem
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory; Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit; Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh UP India
| | - A.U. Khan
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory; Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit; Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh UP India
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Bohnert T, Gan LS. Plasma protein binding: from discovery to development. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:2953-94. [PMID: 23798314 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The importance of plasma protein binding (PPB) in modulating the effective drug concentration at pharmacological target sites has been the topic of significant discussion and debate amongst drug development groups over the past few decades. Free drug theory, which states that in absence of energy-dependent processes, after steady state equilibrium has been attained, free drug concentration in plasma is equal to free drug concentration at the pharmacologic target receptor(s) in tissues, has been used to explain pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics relationships in a large number of cases. Any sudden increase in free concentration of a drug could potentially cause toxicity and may need dose adjustment. Free drug concentration is also helpful to estimate the effective concentration of drugs that potentially can precipitate metabolism (or transporter)-related drug-drug interactions. Disease models are extensively validated in animals to progress a compound into development. Unbound drug concentration, and therefore PPB information across species is very informative in establishing safety margins and guiding selection of First in Human (FIH) dose and human efficacious dose. The scope of this review is to give an overview of reported role of PPB in several therapeutic areas, highlight cases where PPB changes are clinically relevant, and provide drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics recommendations in discovery and development settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonika Bohnert
- Preclinical PK & In Vitro ADME, Biogen Idec Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
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Kristóf A, Husti Z, Koncz I, Kohajda Z, Szél T, Juhász V, Biliczki P, Jost N, Baczkó I, Papp JG, Varró A, Virág L. Diclofenac prolongs repolarization in ventricular muscle with impaired repolarization reserve. PLoS One 2012; 7:e53255. [PMID: 23300901 PMCID: PMC3534043 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present work was to characterize the electrophysiological effects of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac and to study the possible proarrhythmic potency of the drug in ventricular muscle. METHODS Ion currents were recorded using voltage clamp technique in canine single ventricular cells and action potentials were obtained from canine ventricular preparations using microelectrodes. The proarrhythmic potency of the drug was investigated in an anaesthetized rabbit proarrhythmia model. RESULTS Action potentials were slightly lengthened in ventricular muscle but were shortened in Purkinje fibers by diclofenac (20 µM). The maximum upstroke velocity was decreased in both preparations. Larger repolarization prolongation was observed when repolarization reserve was impaired by previous BaCl(2) application. Diclofenac (3 mg/kg) did not prolong while dofetilide (25 µg/kg) significantly lengthened the QT(c) interval in anaesthetized rabbits. The addition of diclofenac following reduction of repolarization reserve by dofetilide further prolonged QT(c). Diclofenac alone did not induce Torsades de Pointes ventricular tachycardia (TdP) while TdP incidence following dofetilide was 20%. However, the combination of diclofenac and dofetilide significantly increased TdP incidence (62%). In single ventricular cells diclofenac (30 µM) decreased the amplitude of rapid (I(Kr)) and slow (I(Ks)) delayed rectifier currents thereby attenuating repolarization reserve. L-type calcium current (I(Ca)) was slightly diminished, but the transient outward (I(to)) and inward rectifier (I(K1)) potassium currents were not influenced. CONCLUSIONS Diclofenac at therapeutic concentrations and even at high dose does not prolong repolarization markedly and does not increase the risk of arrhythmia in normal heart. However, high dose diclofenac treatment may lengthen repolarization and enhance proarrhythmic risk in hearts with reduced repolarization reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Kristóf
- Division of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Husti
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Koncz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Kohajda
- Division of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Szél
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Viktor Juhász
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Biliczki
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Norbert Jost
- Division of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Baczkó
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Julius Gy Papp
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Division of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Varró
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Division of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| | - László Virág
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Division of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
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Dinakaran V, Dumka VK. Pharmacokinetics of tolfenamic acid following two oral dose levels in buffalo calves. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2012; 36:306-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Dinakaran
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University; Ludhiana India
| | - V. K. Dumka
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University; Ludhiana India
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Honey, Thareja S, Kumar M, Sinha V. Self-organizing molecular field analysis of NSAIDs: Assessment of pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties using 3D-QSPkR approach. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 53:76-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Guo CC, Tang YH, Hu HH, Yu LS, Jiang HD, Zeng S. Analysis of chiral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs flurbiprofen, ketoprofen and etodolac binding with HSA. J Pharm Anal 2011; 1:184-190. [PMID: 29403697 PMCID: PMC5760788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2011.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein binding of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs flurbiprofen, ketoprofen and etodolac with human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated using indirect chiral high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultrafiltration techniques. S-(–)-1-(1-naphthyl)-ethylamine (S-NEA) was utilized as chiral derivatization reagent and pre-column derivatization RP-HPLC method was established for the separation and assay of the three pairs of enantiomer. The method had good linear relationship over the investigated concentration range without interference. The average extraction efficiency was higher than 85% in different systems, and the intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 15%. In serum albumin, the protein binding of etodolac enantiomers showed significant stereoselectivity that the affinity of S-enantiomer was stronger than R-enantiomer, and the stereoselectivity ratio reached 6.06; Flurbiprofen had only weak stereoselectivity in HSA, and ketoprofen had no stereoselectivity at all. Scatchard curves showed that all the three chiral drugs had two types of binding sites in HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Chuan Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi-Hong Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hai-Hong Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lu-Shan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui-Di Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Su Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +86 571 88208407.
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Lopez-Bustamante LG, Troconiz JI, Fos D. Effect of Uraemia and Anephric State on the Pharmacokinetics of Tenoxicam in the Rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 44:898-901. [PMID: 1361533 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1992.tb03232.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Renal alterations, uraemia and nephrotic syndrome induced in experimental animals caused a reduction in the plasma albumin concentration of 25 and 30%, respectively. As a result of this decrease, the unbound fraction of tenoxicam in uraemic rats (0·06 ± 0·02) and in anephric rats (0·11 ± 0·08) increased with respect to the control group (0·03±0·004). The induced hypoalbuminaemia did not modify the blood to plasma concentration ratio. Both plasma clearance (CL) and apparent volume of distribution at steady-state (Vdss) rose significantly with the increase in the unbound fraction: (Vdss 55 ±6 mL (control rats); 69 ± 12 mL (uraemic rats); 96 ± 30 mL (anephric rats); CL = 7± 1 mL h−1 (control rats); 12 ± 4 mL h−1 (uraemic rats); 15 ± 7 mL h−1 (anephric rats)). Tenoxicam elimination was found to be restrictive, with an extraction ratio less than 0·1 in the three groups. The induction of nephrotic syndrome was observed to have a significant effect on intrinsic metabolic activity, intrinsic clearance of tenoxicam being reduced by 30% in the anephric rats (161 ± 38 mL h−1) with respect to the values obtained in the control group (228 ± 22 mL h−1).
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Lopez-Bustamante
- Departamento Farmacia y Tecnología Farmaceútica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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He K, Luettgen JM, Zhang D, He B, Grace JE, Xin B, Pinto DJP, Wong PC, Knabb RM, Lam PYS, Wexler RR, Grossman SJ. Preclinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of apixaban, a potent and selective factor Xa inhibitor. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2011; 36:129-39. [PMID: 21461793 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-011-0037-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Apixaban is a potent, highly selective, reversible, oral, direct factor Xa (fXa) inhibitor in development for thrombosis prevention and treatment. The preclinical pharmacokinetic (PK) attributes of apixaban feature small volume of distribution (Vd), low systemic clearance (CL), and good oral bioavailability. Apixaban is well absorbed in rat, dog, and chimpanzee, with absolute oral bioavailability of approximately 50% or greater. The steady-state Vd of apixaban is approximately 0.5, 0.2, and 0.17 l/kg in rats, dogs, and chimpanzees, while CL is approximately 0.9, 0.04, and 0.018 l/h/kg, respectively. In vitro metabolic clearance of apixaban is also low. Renal clearance comprises approximately 10-30% of systemic clearance in rat, dog, and chimpanzee. Anti-fXa activity, prothrombin time (PT), and HEPTEST(®) clotting time (HCT) prolongation correlated well with plasma apixaban concentration in rat, dog and chimpanzee. There was no lag time between apixaban plasma concentration and the pharmacodynamic (PD) markers, suggesting a rapid onset of action of apixaban. The PK/PD analyses were performed using an inhibitory E (max) model for anti-fXa assay and a linear model for PT and HCT assays. The IC(50) values for anti-fXa activity were 0.73 ± 0.03 and 1.5 ± 0.15 μM for rat and dog, respectively. The apparent K ( i ) values for PT were approximately 1.7, 6.6, and 4.8 μM for rat, dog and chimpanzee, respectively. The apparent K ( i ) for HCT was approximately 1.3 μM for dog. Apixaban exhibits desirable PK and PD properties for clinical development with good oral bioavailability, small Vd, low CL, and direct, predictable, concentration-dependent PD responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan He
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
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Lombardo F, Obach RS, Waters NJ. Plasma Protein Binding and Volume of Distribution: Determination, Prediction and Use in Early Drug Discovery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527627448.ch9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Metabolism, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the factor Xa inhibitor apixaban in rabbits. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2009; 29:70-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s11239-009-0401-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Dawidowicz AL, Kondziola K, Kobielski M. Determination of Free Indomethacin in Human Plasma Using HPLC with UV Detection. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070903245748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej L. Dawidowicz
- a Department of Chromatographic Methods, Faculty of Chemistry , Maria Curie-Sklodowska University , Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kondziola
- a Department of Chromatographic Methods, Faculty of Chemistry , Maria Curie-Sklodowska University , Lublin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kobielski
- a Department of Chromatographic Methods, Faculty of Chemistry , Maria Curie-Sklodowska University , Lublin, Poland
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44
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Evaluation of the interaction between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and methotrexate using human organic anion transporter 3-transfected cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 596:166-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Revised: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/21/2008] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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45
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Zhang Y, Li J, Dong L, Li Y, Chen X. Characterization of interaction between esculin and human serum albumin in membrane mimetic environments. J Mol Struct 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2008.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
The aim of this current review is to summarize the present status of pharmacokinetics in Drug Discovery. The review is structured into four sections. The first section is a general overview of what we understand by pharmacokinetics and the different LADMET aspects: Liberation, Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity. The second section highlights the different computational or in silico approaches to estimate/predict one or several aspects of the pharmacokinetic profile of a discovery lead compound. The third section discusses the most commonly used in vitro methodologies. The fourth and last section examines the various approaches employed towards the pharmacokinetic assessment of discovery molecules; including all the LADME processes, discussing the different mathematical methodologies available to establish the PK profile of a test compound; what the main differences are and what should be the criteria for using one or another mathematical approach. The major conclusion of this review is that the use of the appropriate preclinical assays has a key role in the long-term viability of a pharmaceutical company since applying the right tools early in discovery will play a key role in determining the company's ability to discover novel safe and effective therapeutics to patients as quickly as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ruiz-Garcia
- Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc, 1201 Amgen Court West, Seattle, Washington 98119, USA.
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Dong L, Li J, He W, Chen X, Hu Z. Investigation of the interaction between naringin and human serum albumin. J Mol Struct 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2007.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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48
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Characterization of Interaction Between Bergenin and Human Serum Albumin in Membrane Mimetic Environments. J Fluoresc 2008; 18:661-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-008-0347-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2007] [Accepted: 02/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Harirforoosh S, Aghazadeh-Habashi A, Jamali F. Extent of renal effect of cyclo-oxygenase-2-selective inhibitors is pharmacokinetic dependent. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2006; 33:917-24. [PMID: 17002668 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04464.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause renal side-effects. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the extent of the renal effects of cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2-selective NSAIDs is linked to their pharmacokinetics. A single oral dose of rofecoxib (10 mg/kg), celecoxib (40 mg/kg), meloxicam (3 mg/kg) or placebo was administered to rats. Urinary excretion of electrolytes, a marker of renal effects, and plasma and kidney concentrations of NSAIDs were measured. Rofecoxib and celecoxib, but not meloxicam, significantly decreased urinary sodium and potassium excretion. There was a significant correlation between the area under the 24 h plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-24) of rofecoxib and the change in sodium (r = -0.65; P < 0.02) and potassium (r = -0.82; P < 0.0006) excretion. The AUC0-24 of celecoxib was correlated with sodium (r = -0.80; P < 0.05) but not potassium excretion. The ratios of kidney to plasma drug concentrations were 1.72, 3.16 and 0.17 for rofecoxib, celecoxib and meloxicam, respectively. The renal effect of the COX-2-selective NSAIDs examined, marked by their ability to reduce the excretion of electrolytes, is influenced by systemic exposure to the drugs. The relatively higher distribution into the kidneys of rofecoxib and celecoxib compared with meloxicam suggests involvement of direct drug exposure in the kidneys in the adverse renal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Harirforoosh
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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50
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Mager DE. Quantitative structure-pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2006; 58:1326-56. [PMID: 17092600 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2006.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2006] [Accepted: 09/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative structure-activity relationships have long been considered a vital component of drug discovery and development, providing insight into the role of molecular properties in the biological activity of similar and unrelated compounds. Recognition that in vitro bioassay and/or pre-clinical activity are insufficient for anticipating which compounds are suitable leads for further development has shifted the focus toward integrated pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) processes. Over the last decade, considerable progress has been made in constructing empirical and mechanistic quantitative structure-PK relationships (QSPKR), as well as diverse mechanism-based pharmacodynamic models of drug effects. In this review, traditional and contemporary approaches to developing QSPKR models are discussed, along with selected examples of attempts to couple QSPKR and pharmacodynamic models to anticipate the intensity and time-course of the pharmacological effects of new or related compounds, or quantitative structure-pharmacodynamic relationships modeling. Such models are in accordance with the goals of systems biology and the ideal of designing drugs and delivery systems from first principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald E Mager
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, 543 Hochstetter Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
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