1
|
Falahi F, Akbari-Birgani S, Mortazavi Y, Johari B. Caspase-9 suppresses metastatic behavior of MDA-MB-231 cells in an adaptive organoid model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15116. [PMID: 38956424 PMCID: PMC11219723 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65711-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Caspase-9, a cysteine-aspartate protease traditionally associated with intrinsic apoptosis, has recently emerged as having non-apoptotic roles, including influencing cell migration-an aspect that has received limited attention in existing studies. In our investigation, we aimed to explore the impact of caspase-9 on the migration and invasion behaviors of MDA-MB-231, a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line known for its metastatic properties. We established a stable cell line expressing an inducible caspase-9 (iC9) in MDA-MB-231 and assessed their metastatic behavior using both monolayer and the 3D organotypic model in co-culture with human Foreskin fibroblasts (HFF). Our findings revealed that caspase-9 had an inhibitory effect on migration and invasion in both models. In monolayer culture, caspase-9 effectively suppressed the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells, comparable to the anti-metastatic agent panitumumab (Pan). Notably, the combination of caspase-9 and Pan exhibited a significant additional effect in reducing metastatic behavior. Interestingly, caspase-9 demonstrated superior efficacy compared to Pan in the organotypic model. Molecular analysis showed down regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and migratory markers, in caspase-9 activated cells. Additionally, flow cytometry analysis indicated a cell cycle arrest. Moreover, pre-treatment with activated caspase-9 sensitized cells to the chemotherapy of doxorubicin, thereby enhancing its effectiveness. In conclusion, the anti-metastatic potential of caspase-9 presents avenues for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for TNBC/metastatic breast cancer. Although more studies need to figure out the exact involving mechanisms behind this behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Falahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Shiva Akbari-Birgani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
- Research Center for Basic Sciences and Modern Technologies (RBST), Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Yousef Mortazavi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Behrooz Johari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Barroso A, Estevinho F, Hespanhol V, Teixeira E, Ramalho-Carvalho J, Araújo A. Management of infusion-related reactions in cancer therapy: strategies and challenges. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102922. [PMID: 38452439 PMCID: PMC10937241 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.102922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Several anticancer therapies have the potential to cause infusion-related reactions (IRRs) in the form of adverse events that typically occur within minutes to hours after drug infusion. IRRs can range in severity from mild to severe anaphylaxis-like reactions. Careful monitoring at infusion initiation, prompt recognition, and appropriate clinical assessment of the IRR and its severity, followed by immediate management, are required to ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes. Lack of standardization in the prevention, management, and reporting of IRRs across cancer-treating institutions represents not only a quality and safety gap but also a disparity in cancer care. The present article, supported by recently published data, was developed to standardize these procedures across institutions and provide a useful tool for health care providers in clinical practice to recognize early signs and symptoms of an IRR and promptly and appropriately manage the event.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Barroso
- Multidisciplinary Unit of Thoracic Tumours, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia e Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - F Estevinho
- Hospital Pedro Hispano, Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - V Hespanhol
- Departamento de Medicina Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pulmonology, Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - E Teixeira
- Lung Cancer Unit, CUF Descobertas, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - A Araújo
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Oncology Research Unit, UMIB-Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zafar A, Khan MJ, Abu J, Naeem A. Revolutionizing cancer care strategies: immunotherapy, gene therapy, and molecular targeted therapy. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:219. [PMID: 38281269 PMCID: PMC10822809 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Despite the availability of technological advances in traditional anti-cancer therapies, there is a need for more precise and targeted cancer treatment strategies. The wide-ranging shortfalls of conventional anticancer therapies such as systematic toxicity, compromised life quality, and limited to severe side effects are major areas of concern of conventional cancer treatment approaches. Owing to the expansion of knowledge and technological advancements in the field of cancer biology, more innovative and safe anti-cancerous approaches such as immune therapy, gene therapy and targeted therapy are rapidly evolving with the aim to address the limitations of conventional therapies. The concept of immunotherapy began with the capability of coley toxins to stimulate toll-like receptors of immune cells to provoke an immune response against cancers. With an in-depth understating of the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis and their relationship to disease prognosis, molecular targeted therapy approaches, that inhibit or stimulate specific cancer-promoting or cancer-inhibitory molecules respectively, have offered promising outcomes. In this review, we evaluate the achievement and challenges of these technically advanced therapies with the aim of presenting the overall progress and perspective of each approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aasma Zafar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | | | - Junaid Abu
- Hazm Mebaireek General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aisha Naeem
- Qatar University Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang L, Atakhanova N, Arellano MTC, Mohamed MY, Hani T, Fahdil AA, Castillo-Acobo RY, Juyal A, Hussein AK, Amin AH, Pecho RDC, Akhavan-Sigari R. Translational research of new developments in targeted therapy of colorectal cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 252:154888. [PMID: 37948996 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
A severe global health concern is the rising incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer (CRC). Chemotherapy, which is typically used to treat CRC, is known to have limited specificity and can have noticeable side effects. A paradigm shift in cancer treatment has been brought about by the development of targeted therapies, which has led to the appearance of pharmacological agents with improved efficacy and decreased toxicity. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and BRAF are among the molecular targets covered in this review that are used in targeted therapy for CRC. The current discussion also covers advancements in targeted therapeutic approaches, such as antibody-drug conjugates, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. A review of the clinical trials and application of these particular therapies in treating CRC is also done. Despite the improvements in targeted therapy for CRC, problems such as drug resistance and patient selection remain to be solved. Despite this, targeted therapies have offered fresh possibilities for identifying and treating CRC, paving the way for the development of personalized medicine and extending the life expectancy and general well-being of CRC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing 401121, China
| | - Nigora Atakhanova
- Head of the Department of Oncology, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent 100109, Uzbekistan
| | | | | | - Thamer Hani
- Dentistry Department, Al-Turath University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali A Fahdil
- Medical technical college, Al-Farahidi University, Iraq
| | | | - Ashima Juyal
- Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | | | - Ali H Amin
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Current Targeted Therapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021702. [PMID: 36675216 PMCID: PMC9864602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Surgery or surgery plus radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy for patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC) were accepted as the main therapeutic strategies until the early 2000s, when targeted drugs, like cetuximab and bevacizumab, were developed. The use of targeted drugs in clinical practice has significantly increased patients' overall survival. To date, the emergence of several types of targeted drugs has opened new possibilities and revealed new prospects for mCRC treatment. Therapeutic strategies are continually being updated to select the most suitable targeted drugs based on the results of clinical trials that are currently underway. This review discusses the up-to date molecular evidence of targeted therapy for mCRC and summarizes the Food and Drug Administration-approved targeted drugs including the results of clinical trials. We also explain their mechanisms of action and how these affect the choice of a suitable targeted therapy.
Collapse
|
6
|
Molecular targeted therapy for anticancer treatment. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:1670-1694. [PMID: 36224343 PMCID: PMC9636149 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00864-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the initial clinical approval in the late 1990s and remarkable anticancer effects for certain types of cancer, molecular targeted therapy utilizing small molecule agents or therapeutic monoclonal antibodies acting as signal transduction inhibitors has served as a fundamental backbone in precision medicine for cancer treatment. These approaches are now used clinically as first-line therapy for various types of human cancers. Compared to conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapeutic agents have efficient anticancer effects with fewer side effects. However, the emergence of drug resistance is a major drawback of molecular targeted therapy, and several strategies have been attempted to improve therapeutic efficacy by overcoming such resistance. Herein, we summarize current knowledge regarding several targeted therapeutic agents, including classification, a brief biology of target kinases, mechanisms of action, examples of clinically used targeted therapy, and perspectives for future development.
Collapse
|
7
|
Simultaneous Imaging and Therapy Using Epitope-Specific Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Antibody Conjugates. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091917. [PMID: 36145664 PMCID: PMC9505583 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Matuzumab and nimotuzumab are anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies that bind to different epitopes of domain III of EGFR. We developed 89Zr-matuzumab as a PET probe for diagnosis/monitoring of response to treatment of a noncompeting anti-EGFR nimotuzumab antibody drug conjugate (ADC) using mouse colorectal cancer (CRC) xenografts. We developed 89Zr-matuzumab and performed quality control in EGFR-positive DLD-1 cells. The KD of matuzumab, DFO-matuzumab and 89Zr-matuzumab in DLD-1 cells was 5.9, 6.2 and 3 nM, respectively. A competitive radioligand binding assay showed that 89Zr-matuzumab and nimotuzumab bound to noncompeting epitopes of EGFR. MicroPET/CT imaging and biodistribution of 89Zr-matuzumab in mice bearing EGFR-positive xenografts (HT29, DLD-1 and MDA-MB-231) showed high uptake that was blocked with pre-dosing with matuzumab but not with the noncompeting binder nimotuzumab. We evaluated nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1 ADC in CRC cells. IC50 of nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1 in SNU-C2B, DLD-1 and SW620 cells was dependent on EGFR density and was up to five-fold lower than that of naked nimotuzumab. Mice bearing the SNU-C2B xenograft were treated using three 15 mg/kg doses of nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1, and 89Zr-matuzumab microPET/CT was used to monitor the response to treatment. Treatment resulted in complete remission of the SNU-C2B tumor in 2/3 mice. Matuzumab and nimotuzumab are noncompeting and can be used simultaneously.
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu CWK, Reid M, Leedham S, Lui RN. The emerging era of personalized medicine in advanced colorectal cancer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:1411-1425. [PMID: 35815339 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a genetically heterogeneous disease with its pathogenesis often driven by varying genetic or epigenetic alterations. This has led to a substantial number of patients developing chemoresistance and treatment failure, resulting in a high mortality rate for advanced disease. Deep molecular analysis has allowed for the discovery of key intestinal signaling pathways which impacts colonic epithelial cell fate, and the integral role of the tumor microenvironment on cancer growth and dissemination. Through transitioning pre-clinical knowledge in research into clinical practice, many potential druggable targets within these pathways have been discovered in the hopes of overcoming the roadblocks encountered by conventional therapies. A personalized approach tailoring treatment according to the histopathological and molecular features of individual tumors can hopefully translate to better patient outcomes, and reduce the rate of recurrence in patients with advanced CRC. Herein, the latest understanding on the molecular science behind CRC tumorigenesis, and the potential treatment targets currently at the forefront of research are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia W K Wu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Madeleine Reid
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon Leedham
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rashid N Lui
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Viruses are intracellular pathogen that exploit host cellular machinery for their propagation. Extensive research on virus-host interaction have shed light on an alternative antiviral strategy that targets host cell factors. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a versatile signal transducer that is involved in a range of cellular processes. Numerous studies have revealed how viruses exploit the function of EGFR in different stages of viral life cycle. In general, viruses attach onto the host cell surface and interacts with EGFR to facilitate viral entry, viral replication and spread as well as evasion from host immunosurveillance. Moreover, virus-induced activation of EGFR signalling is associated with mucin expression, tissue damage and carcinogenesis that contribute to serious complications. Herein, we review our current understanding of roles of EGFR in viral infection and its potential as therapeutic target in managing viral infection. We also discuss the available EGFR-targeted therapies and their limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kah Man Lai
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Wai Leng Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Popescu VB, Kanhaiya K, Năstac DI, Czeizler E, Petre I. Network controllability solutions for computational drug repurposing using genetic algorithms. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1437. [PMID: 35082323 PMCID: PMC8791995 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05335-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Control theory has seen recently impactful applications in network science, especially in connections with applications in network medicine. A key topic of research is that of finding minimal external interventions that offer control over the dynamics of a given network, a problem known as network controllability. We propose in this article a new solution for this problem based on genetic algorithms. We tailor our solution for applications in computational drug repurposing, seeking to maximize its use of FDA-approved drug targets in a given disease-specific protein-protein interaction network. We demonstrate our algorithm on several cancer networks and on several random networks with their edges distributed according to the Erdős-Rényi, the Scale-Free, and the Small World properties. Overall, we show that our new algorithm is more efficient in identifying relevant drug targets in a disease network, advancing the computational solutions needed for new therapeutic and drug repurposing approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dumitru Iulian Năstac
- POLITEHNICA University of Bucharest, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, 061071, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugen Czeizler
- Computer Science, Åbo Akademi University, 20500, Turku, Finland
- National Institute for Research and Development in Biological Sciences, 060031, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ion Petre
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland.
- National Institute for Research and Development in Biological Sciences, 060031, Bucharest, Romania.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin PH, Tseng CL, Cheng YC, Ho CH, Chen SC, Wang Y, Liu E, Issafras H, Jiang W. Distinguishing features of a novel humanized anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody based on cetuximab with superior antitumor efficacy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 21:1491-1507. [PMID: 34632911 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1988072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cetuximab, the first approved EGFR targeting therapeutic antibody, is currently used to treat colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer. While effective, cetuximab is associated with a higher rate of skin rash, infusion reactions, and gastrointestinal toxicity, which was suggested to be linked to the presence of heterogeneous glycan contents on the Fab of the SP2/0-produced cetuximab. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS To improve efficacy and minimize toxicity of EGFR inhibition treatment, we re-engineered cetuximab by humanizing its Fab regions and minimizing its glycan contents to generate HLX07. RESULTS HLX07 binds to EGFR with similar affinity as cetuximab and shows better bioactivity compared to cetuximab in vitro. In vivo studies demonstrated that HLX07 significantly inhibited the growth of A431, FaDu, NCI-H292, and WiDr tumor cells and synergized them with chemotherapeutics and immune simulator agents such as anti-PD-1. In cynomolgus monkeys, 13-week repeat-dose GLP toxicokinetic studies showed minimal-to-mild toxicities in the dose range of up to 60 mg/kg/wk. In the preliminary phase 1 dose-escalation study, HLX07 had showed lower incidence of skin rashes with grade >2 severities. CONCLUSION HLX07 is currently under phase 1/2 clinical development. We believe HLX07 would potentially be an alternative for patients who have been suffering from cetuximab-mediated toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hua Lin
- Department of Lead Discovery, Hengenix Biotech, Inc, Milpitas, CA, USA
| | - Chi-Ling Tseng
- Department of Research and Development, Henlix Biotech, Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan. Current Company: HanchorBio Co., Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chih Cheng
- Department of Research and Development, Henlix Biotech, Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan. Current Company: HanchorBio Co., Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsin Ho
- Department of Research and Development, Henlix Biotech, Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan. Current Company: HanchorBio Co., Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih Chieh Chen
- Department of Protein Purification & Analytical, Henlix, Inc. Fremont, CA, USA. Currently Company: Anwita Biosciences, Inc, San Carlos, CA, USA
| | - Yanling Wang
- Department of Protein Expression, Hengenix Biotech, Inc, Milpitas, CA, USA
| | - Eugene Liu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hassan Issafras
- Department of Lead Discovery, Hengenix Biotech, Inc, Milpitas, CA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yakar N, Ergun B, Ugur L, Ates UC, Gezer S, Comert B. A rare presentation of panitumumab-involved interstitial lung disease: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2021; 27:2061-2065. [PMID: 34000921 DOI: 10.1177/10781552211017977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Developments in targeted molecular therapies have considerably improved patient survival in cancer. Panitumumab is a monoclonal antibody against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). It is used to treat metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Although panitumumab is well tolerated in most patients, pulmonary toxicity, especially interstitial lung disease (ILD), is a life-threatening condition. The presentation of panitumumab-induced ILD with spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema is rarely reported. CASE REPORT We describe a 61-year-old male with metastatic colorectal carcinoma treated with FOLFIRI (folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan) and panitumumab. He presented to our hospital with a complaint of severe dyspnea. On the evaluation of dyspnea, the patient was diagnosed with ILD. MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME After exclusion of other common causes of pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema, panitumumab was attributed as a cause of ILD. Oxygen therapy via high flow nasal cannula and intravenous methylprednisolone regimen was started. After two weeks, the patient became asymptomatic with the radiologic amelioration. DISCUSSION Panitumumab-induced ILD is associated with a poor prognosis and might occur randomly in one year after the drug administration. The possibility of the disease should be considered on every admission. Early recognition, discontinuation of causative medication, and immediate glucocorticoid therapy are essential to reduce mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Yakar
- Department of Intensive Care, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Bisar Ergun
- Department of Intensive Care, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Levent Ugur
- Department of Intensive Care, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Umit Can Ates
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sinem Gezer
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Bilgin Comert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medicana International İzmir Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yorulmaz A, Yalcin B. Panitumumab-Induced Paronychia: A Case Report and a Brief Review of the Literature. Skin Appendage Disord 2021; 7:123-126. [PMID: 33796558 DOI: 10.1159/000512036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Panitumumab is a recombinant, fully humanized IgG2 monoclonal antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Panitumumab is indicated for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with progressive refractory disease. Targeted therapies are well known to be well tolerated; however, they may induce toxicities that are distinct from those of classical chemotherapeutic agents. For instance, EGFR inhibitors (EGFRIs) are associated with some specific dermatological adverse effects, one of which is nail toxicity. Since panitumumab is fully humanized, unlike most of the other EGFRIs, it has been reported to have reduced incidence of adverse reactions. Nail-related adverse effects are frequently observed with EGFRIs. A literature search has yielded a list of reviews describing panitumumab-induced nail toxicity. However, as far as we know, there is no case report detailing this adverse effect of panitumumab. Here, we present a case of panitumumab-induced paronychia in a 60-year-old woman with metastatic colon cancer. With this case report, we would like to review the literature and discuss the possible underlying mechanisms of this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahu Yorulmaz
- Department of Dermatology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Basak Yalcin
- Department of Dermatology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hwang K, Yoon JH, Lee JH, Lee S. Recent Advances in Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for Colorectal Cancers. Biomedicines 2021; 9:39. [PMID: 33466394 PMCID: PMC7824816 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Recent advances in recombinant DNA technology have led to the development of numerous therapeutic antibodies as major sources of blockbuster drugs for CRC therapy. Simultaneously, increasing numbers of therapeutic targets in CRC have been identified. In this review, we first highlight the physiological and pathophysiological roles and signaling mechanisms of currently known and emerging therapeutic targets, including growth factors and their receptors as well as immune checkpoint proteins, in CRC. Additionally, we discuss the current status of monoclonal antibodies in clinical development and approved by US Food and Drug Administration for CRC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sukmook Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea; (K.H.); (J.H.Y.); (J.H.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qi L, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Wang Y, Han Y, Ding Y. The inhibition of colorectal cancer growth by the natural product macrocarpal I. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:383-391. [PMID: 33137468 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.10.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presently, few small molecule compounds are used as targeted therapy drugs in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). It is important to identify new small molecule compounds, which can be used in the treatment of CRC. METHODS In this study, we selected four protein molecules as drug targets: PRL-3 (Phosphatase of regenerating liver 3), CLIC4 (Chloride intracellular channel 4), THBS2 (Thrombospondin 2), and BGN (Biglycan). These protein molecules were associated with the growth and metastasis of CRC cells. Small molecular compounds were screened on the basis of their target structures. Thus, five small molecule compounds were screened from each target structure, and three small molecule compounds (macrocarpal I, sildenafil, and neoandrographolide) were found to bind with two drug targets at the same time. Further experiments revealed that the inhibition rate of macrocarpal I was the highest in CRC cells. Therefore, we determined the effects of macrocarpal I on proliferation, apoptosis, cytoskeleton of CRC cells, and subcutaneous tumorigenesis in nude mice. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis was performed to determine the molecular mechanism through which macrocarpal I inhibited the progression of CRC. RESULTS We found that macrocarpal I could effectively inhibit proliferation, colony formation of CRC cells, and subcutaneous tumorigenesis in nude mice. Moreover, it also destroyed the cytoskeleton of CRC cells and promoted apoptosis. The effects on kinase activity, cytoskeleton, and DNA repair is the mechanism of macrocarpal I to inhibiting CRC growth. CONCLUSION Macrocarpal I is a small molecule compound that can effectively inhibit the progression of CRC. Thus, macrocarpal I is a therapeutic compound that shows promising results in the treatment of advanced CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qi
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yue Han
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nimotuzumab Site-Specifically Labeled with 89Zr and 225Ac Using SpyTag/SpyCatcher for PET Imaging and Alpha Particle Radioimmunotherapy of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Positive Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113449. [PMID: 33233524 PMCID: PMC7699480 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Monoclonal antibodies (IgG) are excellent probes for targeting cell surface receptors for imaging and therapeutic applications. These theranostic agents are often developed by randomly conjugating radioisotopes/drugs/chelators to the primary amine of lysine or the sulfhydryl groups of cysteine on the antibody. Random conjugation often alters the properties of the antibody. We have site-specifically radiolabeled nimotuzumab an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody with 89Zr and 225Ac using SpyTag: ∆N-SpyCatcher for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and alpha particle radiotherapy, and evaluated these agents in a model of EGFR-positive triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher constructs showed improved binding in vitro compared with randomly conjugated constructs. 89Zr-nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher specifically delineated EGFR-positive xenograft in vivo using microPET/CT imaging. Compared with control treatment groups, 225Ac-nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher more than doubled the survival of mice bearing EGFR-positive MDA-MB-231 TNBC xenograft. This work highlights a facile method to site-specifically radiolabel antibodies using SpyTag: ∆N-SpyCatcher. Abstract To develop imaging and therapeutic agents, antibodies are often conjugated randomly to a chelator/radioisotope or drug using a primary amine (NH2) of lysine or sulfhydryl (SH) of cysteine. Random conjugation to NH2 or SH groups can require extreme conditions and may affect target recognition/binding and must therefore be tested. In the present study, nimotuzumab was site-specifically labeled using ∆N-SpyCatcher/SpyTag with different chelators and radiometals. Nimotuzumab is a well-tolerated anti-EGFR antibody with low skin toxicities. First, ΔN-SpyCatcher was reduced using tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP), which was followed by desferoxamine-maleimide (DFO-mal) conjugation to yield a reactive ΔN-SpyCatcher-DFO. The ΔN-SpyCatcher-DFO was reacted with nimotuzumab-SpyTag to obtain stable nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher-DFO. Radiolabeling was performed with 89Zr, and the conjugate was used for the in vivo microPET imaging of EGFR-positive MDA-MB-468 xenografts. Similarly, ∆N-SpyCatcher was conjugated to an eighteen-membered macrocyclic chelator macropa-maleimide and used to radiolabel nimotuzumab-SpyTag with actinium-225 (225Ac) for in vivo radiotherapy studies. All constructs were characterized using biolayer interferometry, flow cytometry, radioligand binding assays, HPLC, and bioanalyzer. MicroPET/CT imaging showed a good tumor uptake of 89Zr-nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher with 6.0 ± 0.6%IA/cc (n = 3) at 48 h post injection. The EC50 of 225Ac-nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher and 225Ac-control-IgG-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher against an EGFR-positive cell-line (MDA-MB-468) was 3.7 ± 3.3 Bq/mL (0.04 ± 0.03 nM) and 18.5 ± 4.4 Bq/mL (0.2 ± 0.04 nM), respectively. In mice bearing MDA-MB-468 EGFR-positive xenografts, 225Ac-nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher significantly (p = 0.0017) prolonged the survival of mice (64 days) compared to 225Ac-control IgG (28.5 days), nimotuzumab (28.5 days), or PBS-treated mice (30 days). The results showed that the conjugation and labeling using SpyTag/∆N-SpyCatcher to nimotuzumab did not significantly (p > 0.05) alter the receptor binding of nimotuzumab compared with a non-specific conjugation approach. 225Ac-nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher was effective in vitro and in an EGFR-positive triple negative breast cancer xenograft model.
Collapse
|
17
|
Shao YT, Ma L, Zhang TH, Xu TR, Ye YC, Liu Y. The Application of the RNA Interference Technologies for KRAS: Current Status, Future Perspective and Associated Challenges. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:2143-2157. [PMID: 31456522 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190828162217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
KRAS is a member of the murine sarcoma virus oncogene-RAS gene family. It plays an important role in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of tumors during tumor cell growth and angiogenesis. KRAS is the most commonly mutated oncogene in human cancers, such as pancreatic cancers, colon cancers, and lung cancers. Detection of KRAS gene mutation is an important indicator for tracking the status of oncogenes, highlighting the developmental prognosis of various cancers, and the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the efficacy of different patients in clinical treatment is not the same. Since RNA interference (RNAi) technologies can specifically eliminate the expression of specific genes, these technologies have been widely used in the field of gene therapy for exploring gene function, infectious diseases and malignant tumors. RNAi refers to the phenomenon of highly specific degradation of homologous mRNA induced by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), which is highly conserved during evolution. There are three classical RNAi technologies, including siRNA, shRNA and CRISPR-Cas9 system, and a novel synthetic lethal interaction that selectively targets KRAS mutant cancers. Therefore, the implementation of individualized targeted drug therapy has become the best choice for doctors and patients. Thus, this review focuses on the current status, future perspective and associated challenges in silencing of KRAS with RNAi technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Shao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Li Ma
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Tie-Hui Zhang
- The First People's Hospital of Heishan County, Jinzhou city, Liaoning, Jinzhou 121400, China
| | - Tian-Rui Xu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yuan-Chao Ye
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Ying Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu SH, Chen XF, Xie ZB, Zhou J. EGFR monoclonal antibody panitumumab inhibits chronic proliferative cholangitis by downregulating EGFR. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:79-88. [PMID: 31115490 PMCID: PMC6559293 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In hepatolithiasis, chronic proliferative cholangitis (CPC), an active and longstanding inflammation of stone-containing bile ducts with enhanced mucin-producing activity, not only affects the progression of the disease, it can also induce biliary carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to examine the effect of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody panitumumab (Pani) on CPC. Following the establishment of CPC rat models, periodic acid Schiff staining was used to observe the positive rate of EGFR expression. The expression levels of EGFR, mucin 5AC (MUC5AC), Ki-67, type I collagen and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and the activity of β-glucuronidase (β-G), were measured. The rats treated with Pani demonstrated a significantly lower degree of hyperproliferation of the epithelium and submucosal glands of the bile duct and collagen fibers of the bile duct wall, a significantly decreased positive rate of EGFR, reduced phosphorylation of mTOR, decreased expression of EGFR, MUC5AC, Ki-67 and type I collagen, and reduced β-G activity. The therapeutic effects in rats treated with 4 and 6 mg/kg of Pani were more marked than those in rats treated with 2 mg/kg of Pani. Collectively, the data obtained in the present study suggest that the EGFR monoclonal antibody Pani can effectively inhibit the excessive proliferation and stone-forming potential of bile duct mucosa in CPC with a receptor saturation effect. Therefore, Pani offers promise as a treatment for the prevention and control of intra-hepatic choledocholithiasis caused by CPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- San-Hu Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Fang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Bin Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kholodenko RV, Kalinovsky DV, Doronin II, Ponomarev ED, Kholodenko IV. Antibody Fragments as Potential Biopharmaceuticals for Cancer Therapy: Success and Limitations. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:396-426. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170817152554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are an important class of therapeutic agents approved for the therapy of many types of malignancies. However, in certain cases applications of conventional mAbs have several limitations in anticancer immunotherapy. These limitations include insufficient efficacy and adverse effects. The antigen-binding fragments of antibodies have a considerable potential to overcome the disadvantages of conventional mAbs, such as poor penetration into solid tumors and Fc-mediated bystander activation of the immune system. Fragments of antibodies retain antigen specificity and part of functional properties of conventional mAbs and at the same time have much better penetration into the tumors and a greatly reduced level of adverse effects. Recent advantages in antibody engineering allowed to produce different types of antibody fragments with improved structure and properties for efficient elimination of tumor cells. These molecules opened up new perspectives for anticancer therapy. Here, we will overview the structural features of the various types of antibody fragments and their applications for anticancer therapy as separate molecules and as part of complex conjugates or structures. Mechanisms of antitumor action of antibody fragments as well as their advantages and disadvantages for clinical application will be discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roman V. Kholodenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho- Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Daniel V. Kalinovsky
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho- Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Igor I. Doronin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho- Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Eugene D. Ponomarev
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Brain, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin NT, Hong Kong
| | - Irina V. Kholodenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho- Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rezkallah KNM, Ahmed A, Patel S, Kozma K. A case of panitumumab containing chemotherapy causing interstitial lung disease: early recognition and treatment resulting in a good outcome. BMJ Case Rep 2019; 12:12/2/bcr-2018-227785. [PMID: 30739089 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-227785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Panitumumab is a recombinant human IgG2 monoclonal antibody which is used for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with disease progression on or following FOLFIRI (fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin and irinotecan) containing chemotherapy regimen. We report a case of an 83-year-old Hispanic man, non-smoker, with KRAS/NRAS wild-type mCRC of the liver who was treated with 9 cycles of FOLFOX4 (fluorouracil, leucovorin and oxaliplatin) and cetuximab. Follow-up abdominal imaging showed progression of CRC, requiring initiation of panitumumab in addition to FOLFIRI. After 2 cycles of this combination chemotherapy, he presented with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure. Pulmonary imaging showed new onset of interstitial lung disease (ILD). He was treated with systemic corticosteroids with marked improvement of ILD. We aim to highlight the risk of severe life-threatening ILD associated with panitumumab. Early recognition of this serious adverse event helps avoid unnecessary administration of systemic antibiotics and prevent mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adnan Ahmed
- Internal Medicine, Presence Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sabah Patel
- Presence St Joseph Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kelly Kozma
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Presence Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hartimath SV, El-Sayed A, Makhlouf A, Bernhard W, Gonzalez C, Hill W, Parada AC, Barreto K, Geyer CR, Fonge H. Therapeutic potential of nimotuzumab PEGylated-maytansine antibody drug conjugates against EGFR positive xenograft. Oncotarget 2019; 10:1031-1044. [PMID: 30800216 PMCID: PMC6383682 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nimotuzumab is a humanized anti-epidermal growth factor receptor I (EGFR) monoclonal antibody. We have developed antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) with nimotuzumab conjugated to PEGylated-maytansine (PEG6-DM1). We generated conjugates with low (nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low: DAR = 3.5) and high (nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High: DAR = 7.3) drug to antibody ratios (DAR). Quality control was performed using UV spectrophotometry, size exclusion HPLC, bioanalyzer, biolayer interferometry (BLI), and flow cytometry in EGFR-positive DLD-1, MDA-MB-468 (high density EGFR), and HT-29 (very low EGFR density) cells. Control antibody drug conjugates were developed using a human anti-maltose binding protein (MBP) antibody. BLI showed that the binding of nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low and nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High was slightly but significantly affected by conjugation of the drug (nimotuzumab KD 0.89 ± 0.02 nM < nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low KD 1.94 ± 0.02 nM < nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High KD 3.75 ± 0.03 nM). In vitro cytotoxicity was determined following incubation of cells with the immunoconjugates and IC50 values were determined. Nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low and nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High were used to treat EGFR positive KRAS mutant DLD-1 colorectal cancer xenograft. DLD-1 cells were transduced with a red fluorescent protein (iRFP702) to allow the use of near infrared imaging (NIR) for tumor response monitoring. In vitro potency correlated with the number of drugs on antibody, with nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High showing higher activity than nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low. Three doses (15 mg/kg) of the ADCs prolonged the survival of DLD-1-iRFP-702 tumor bearing mice as monitored by NIR. Nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low resulted in 4/6 complete cure while nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High resulted in 2/5 complete cure. The novel ADCs were very effective in a colorectal cancer model in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siddesh V Hartimath
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK, S7N 0W8, Canada.,Saskatchewan Centre for Cyclotron Sciences (SCCS), the Fedoruk Centre, Saskatoon SK, S7N 5C4, Canada
| | - Ayman El-Sayed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Amal Makhlouf
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK, S7N 0W8, Canada.,Saskatchewan Centre for Cyclotron Sciences (SCCS), the Fedoruk Centre, Saskatoon SK, S7N 5C4, Canada.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini, 12411, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wendy Bernhard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Carolina Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Wayne Hill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | | | - Kris Barreto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Clarence Ronald Geyer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Humphrey Fonge
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK, S7N 0W8, Canada.,Saskatchewan Centre for Cyclotron Sciences (SCCS), the Fedoruk Centre, Saskatoon SK, S7N 5C4, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital Saskatoon, Saskatoon SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hartimath SV, Alizadeh E, Solomon VR, Chekol R, Bernhard W, Hill W, Parada AC, Barreto K, Geyer CR, Fonge H. Preclinical Evaluation of 111In-Labeled PEGylated Maytansine Nimotuzumab Drug Conjugates in EGFR-Positive Cancer Models. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:1103-1110. [PMID: 30655327 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.220095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor I (EGFR) is overexpressed in most cancers of epithelial origin. Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) with PEGylated-maytansine (PEG-DM1) show promise in vitro and in vivo. However, in vivo biodistribution data for ADCs with PEG-DM1 have not been reported. Development of methods to understand the real-time in vivo behavior of these ADCs is needed to move these compounds to the clinic. Methods: Here we have used noninvasive small-animal SPECT/CT imaging and ex vivo biodistribution to understand the in vivo behavior of PEG6-DM1 ADCs. We developed nimotuzumab ADCs conjugated to PEG6-DM1. We generated immunoconjugates with low (nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low) and high (nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High) drug-to-antibody ratios. The drug-to-antibody of nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low and nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High was 3.5 and 7.3, respectively. Quality control was performed using ultraviolet spectrophotometry, size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography, bioanalyzer, biolayer interferometry, and flow cytometry in EGFR-positive DLD-1 cells. These immunoconjugates were conjugated with DOTA and radiolabeled with 111In. The in vitro binding and internalization rates of 111In-nimotuzumab, 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low, and 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High were characterized. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and imaging characteristics were evaluated in normal and DLD-1 tumor-bearing mice. Results: Flow cytometry and biolayer interferometry showed a trend toward decreasing EGFR affinity with increasing number of PEG6-DM1 on the antibody. Despite the lower overall cellular binding of the PEG6-DM1 radioimmunoconjugates, internalization was higher for PEG6-DM1 ADCs than for the non-PEGylated ADC in the following order: 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High > 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low > 111In-nimotuzumab. Nuclear uptake of 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High was 4.4-fold higher than 111In-nimotuzumab. Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution showed that 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High had the slowest blood and whole-body clearance rate. Uptake in DLD-1 tumors of 111In-nimotuzumab was similar to 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low but was significantly higher than for 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High. Tumor-to-background ratios for 111In-nimotuzumab and 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low were higher than for 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High. Conclusion: The results show that conjugation of multiple PEG6-DM1 reduces the affinity for EGFR in vitro. However, the reduced affinity is counteracted by the high internalization rate of constructs with PEG6-DM1 ADCs in vitro. The decreased affinity resulted in low tumor uptake of 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High, with a slow overall whole-body clearance rate. These data provide insights for evaluating the pharmacokinetics and normal -tissue toxicity and in determining dosing rate of PEGylated ADCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siddesh V Hartimath
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Elahe Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Viswas Raja Solomon
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Rufael Chekol
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Wendy Bernhard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Wayne Hill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | | | - Kris Barreto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Clarence Ronald Geyer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Humphrey Fonge
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada .,Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital (RUH), Saskatoon SK, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are immunoglobulins designed to target a specific epitope on an antigen. Immunoglobulins of identical amino-acid sequence were originally produced by hybridomas grown in culture and, subsequently, by recombinant DNA technology using mammalian cell expression systems. The antigen-binding region of the mAb is formed by the variable domains of the heavy and light chains and contains the complementarity-determining region that imparts the high specificity for the target antigen. The pharmacokinetics of mAbs involves target-mediated and non-target-related factors that influence their disposition.Preclinical safety evaluation of mAbs differs substantially from that of small molecular (chemical) entities. Immunogenicity of mAbs has implications for their pharmacokinetics and safety. Early studies of mAbs in humans require careful consideration of the most suitable study population, route/s of administration, starting dose, study design and the potential difference in pharmacokinetics in healthy subjects compared to patients expressing the target antigen.Of the ever-increasing diversity of therapeutic indications for mAbs, we have concentrated on two that have proved dramatically successful. The contribution that mAbs have made to the treatment of inflammatory conditions, in particular arthritides and inflammatory bowel disease, has been nothing short of revolutionary. Their benefit has also been striking in the treatment of solid tumours and, most recently, as immunotherapy for a wide variety of cancers. Finally, we speculate on the future with various new approaches to the development of therapeutic antibodies.
Collapse
|
24
|
Nautiyal K, Kibria MG, Akazawa-Ogawa Y, Hagihara Y, Kuroda Y. Design and assessment of an active anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) single chain variable fragment (ScFv) with improved solubility. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 508:1043-1049. [PMID: 30551882 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
ScFv is emerging as a therapeutic alternative to the full-length monoclonal antibodies due to its small size and low production cost, but its low solubility remains a limiting factor toward wider use. Here, we increased the solubility of an Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor ScFv (Anti-EGFR ScFv) by attaching, a short 12-residue solubility enhancing peptide (SEP) tag at its C terminus. We first estimated the solubility increase by running 500-ns Brownian dynamics (BD) simulations. We then experimentally evaluated the predictions by producing recombinant Anti-EGFR ScFv with and without a SEP tag (called C9R) in E. coli. At 20 °C, ∼85% of Anti-EGFR ScFv-C9R expressed in the soluble fraction, whereas all of the Anti-EGFR ScFv remained in the insoluble fraction. The total yield of Anti-EGFR ScFv-C9R was 17.15 mg which was ∼3 times higher than that of Anti-EGFR ScFv refolded from the insoluble fraction. Static and dynamic light scattering demonstrated the higher solubility of the purified Anti-EGFR ScFv-C9R, and Circular Dichroism (CD) indicated its high thermal stability, whereas the untagged protein aggregated at 37 °C and pH 6. Finally, the binding activity of Anti-EGFR ScFv-C9R to EGFR was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Altogether, these results illustrate the improved biophysical and biochemical characteristics of Anti-EGFR ScFv-C9R and emphasize the potentials of SEP-tags for enhancing the solubility of aggregation-prone antibody fragments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Nautiyal
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Md Golam Kibria
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Yoko Akazawa-Ogawa
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31, Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka, 563-8577, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Hagihara
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kuroda
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ravasco J, Lebaud P, Bodin H. Papulopustular lesions of the face caused by panitumumab: case report and literature review. JOURNAL OF ORAL MEDICINE AND ORAL SURGERY 2018. [DOI: 10.1051/mbcb/2017033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:Panitumumab (VECTIBIX®) is a monoclonal antibody used alone or in combination with a chemotherapy for management of metastatic colorectal cancer.Observation:A patient treated with this protocol manifested skin lesions; the etiological diagnosis was difficult. The lesions, namely a papulopustular rash at the lower third of the face, and the medical history allowed to diagnose an acute skin toxicity case due to this monoclonal antibody.Commentary:Many side effects are related to the panitumumab, among which dermatologic adverse events having already been the subject of some publications. Nevertheless, several studies conclude that the therapeutic benefit of this epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor makes acceptable these complications.Conclusion:Stop treatment and corticosteroids allowed a whole and quick disappearance of skin lesions. Alongside dermatologists and infectious diseases specialists, the opinion of an oral surgeon was useful to provide an answer to these symptoms.
Collapse
|
26
|
McGregor M, Price TJ. Panitumumab in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer, including wild-type RAS, KRAS and NRAS mCRC. Future Oncol 2018; 14:2437-2459. [PMID: 29737864 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The humanized monoclonal antibody panitumumab, targeted against EGFR, plays an important role in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. This article reviews the body of evidence for panitumumab which demonstrates significant benefits across multiple lines of therapy in those without an extended RAS mutation. The use of panitumumab with RAS mutations is not beneficial and possibly harmful. Panitumumab is well tolerated with manageable toxicities. The role of panitumumab continues to evolve as understanding of sequencing of therapies grows. There is evidence for use as maintenance therapy and conversion therapy for unresectable liver metastases. Future research is likely to focus on biomarkers for improved patient selection and the development of novel therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark McGregor
- Medical Oncology, Adelaide Oncology & Haematology, North Adelaide, Australia.,Medical Oncology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Timothy J Price
- Medical Oncology, Adelaide Oncology & Haematology, North Adelaide, Australia.,Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital & University of Adelaide, Woodville, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
In Silico Evaluation of Variable pH on the Binding of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Ectodomain to its Ligand Through Molecular Dynamics Simulation in Tumors. Interdiscip Sci 2017; 11:437-443. [PMID: 29103184 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-017-0265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Many aggressive and metastatic cancer cell types show Warburg Effect; therefore, it is a possible adaptation helping cancer cells to rapidly divide and utilize the glycolytic intermediates for biosynthesis of ribose sugars (for nucleotide biosynthesis), fatty acid synthesis (lipids for membrane synthesis), NADPH (cellular currency for reductive biosynthesis) and lactate. This in due course results in decrease of extracellular pH, leading to acidic tumor micro-environment. EGFR is a crucial cell surface signaling receptor implicated in cancer cell survival and progression. This warrants studying the effect of the acidic micro-environmental conditions on the binding of the EGFR cell surface receptor to one of its natural extracellular ligand EGF. We exploited in silico approaches: molecular dynamics simulation at variable pH and MM-GBSA free energy of binding calculation method to evaluate the effect of this change in microenvironmental pH. Through the present study it is reported that at pH 6.6 the EGFR binds to EGF with decreased free energy of binding as compared to pH 7.2.
Collapse
|
28
|
Charlton ME, Karlitz JJ, Schlichting JA, Chen VW, Lynch CF. Factors Associated With Guideline-recommended KRAS Testing in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Population-based Study. Am J Clin Oncol 2017; 40:498-506. [PMID: 25844824 PMCID: PMC4591083 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000000191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Response to epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors is poorer among stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with KRAS mutations; thus KRAS testing is recommended before treatment. KRAS testing was collected by Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries for 2010 CRC cases, and our goal was to provide the first population-based estimates of testing in the United States. METHODS SEER CRC cases diagnosed in 2010 were evaluated (n=30,351). χ tests and logistic regression were conducted to determine patient characteristics associated with KRAS testing, stratified by stages I-III versus stage IV. Log-rank tests were used to examine survival by testing status. RESULTS KRAS testing among stage IV cases ranged from 39% in New Mexico to 15% in Louisiana. In the model, younger age, being married, living in a metropolitan area, and having primary site surgery were associated with greater odds of receiving KRAS testing. Those who received testing had significantly better survival than those who did not (P<0.0001). Among those who received testing, there was no significant difference in survival by mutated versus wild-type KRAS. Five percent of stage I-III cases received testing. CONCLUSIONS Wide variation in documented KRAS testing for stage IV CRC patients exists among SEER registries. Age remained highly significant in multivariate models, suggesting that it plays an independent role in the patient and/or provider decision to be tested. Further research is needed to determine drivers of variation in testing, as well as reasons for testing in stage I-III cases where it is not recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. Charlton
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Jordan J. Karlitz
- Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Vivien W. Chen
- Louisiana Tumor Registry and Epidemiology Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Charles F. Lynch
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Papageorgiou L, Cuong NT, Vlachakis D. Antibodies as stratagems against cancer. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 12:2047-55. [PMID: 26738941 DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00699f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies have been in the frontline of anticancer research during the last few decades, since a number of different ways have been discovered to utilize them as parts or main components of anticancer drugs. Antibodies are used as the only component of some anticancer drugs, but they can also be conjugated with a variety of substances. Antibody engineering methods such as humanization, chimerization and Fc engineering are applied in order to modify their properties according to the requirements of anticancer drug application. Given the continuous advances in biology and informatics, the role of antibodies in anticancer treatment is expected to be prominent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Papageorgiou
- Computational Biology & Medicine Group, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Soranou Efessiou 4, Athens 11527, Greece. and Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University Campus, Athens, 15784, Greece
| | - Nguyen Tien Cuong
- Computational Biology & Medicine Group, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Soranou Efessiou 4, Athens 11527, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios Vlachakis
- Computational Biology & Medicine Group, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Soranou Efessiou 4, Athens 11527, Greece. and Computer Engineering and Informatics Department, School of Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Asati V, Mahapatra DK, Bharti SK. K-Ras and its inhibitors towards personalized cancer treatment: Pharmacological and structural perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 125:299-314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
31
|
Asano R, Koyama N, Hagiwara Y, Masakari Y, Orimo R, Arai K, Ogata H, Furumoto S, Umetsu M, Kumagai I. Anti-EGFR scFv tetramer (tetrabody) with a stable monodisperse structure, strong anticancer effect, and a long in vivo half-life. FEBS Open Bio 2016; 6:594-602. [PMID: 27419062 PMCID: PMC4887975 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) as therapeutic agents has the potential to reduce the high cost of antibody production, but the development process often impairs scFv functions such as binding affinity and pharmacokinetics. Multimerization is one strategy for recovering or enhancing these lost functions. Previously, we constructed several antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) scFv multimers by modifying linker length and domain order. Antitumor effects comparable with those of the currently approved anti-EGFR therapeutic antibodies were observed for scFv trimers. In the present study, we fractionated an anti-EGFR scFv tetramer from the intracellular soluble fraction of an Escherichia coli transformant. Compared with the trimer, the tetramer showed higher affinity, greater cancer cell growth inhibition, and prolonged blood retention time. Furthermore, the tetramer did not dissociate into the trimer or other smaller species during long-term storage (up to 33 weeks). Thus, our developed scFv tetramer is an attractive candidate next-generation anti-EGFR therapeutic antibody that can be produced via a low-cost bacterial expression system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Asano
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan; Present address: Department of Biotechnology and Life Science Graduate School of Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Noriaki Koyama
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Yasuyo Hagiwara
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Yosuke Masakari
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Ryota Orimo
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Kyoko Arai
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Hiromi Ogata
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Shozo Furumoto
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Mitsuo Umetsu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Izumi Kumagai
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Skin toxicity and quality of life during treatment with panitumumab for RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal carcinoma: results from three randomised clinical trials. Qual Life Res 2016; 25:2645-2656. [PMID: 27083443 PMCID: PMC5010834 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-016-1288-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors such as panitumumab are associated with characteristic skin toxicities. We summarise data from three panitumumab clinical trials to investigate the potential impact of skin toxicity on quality of life (QoL) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Methods The studies were randomised, open-label trials comparing standard treatment (first-line FOLFOX4 [n = 456], second-line FOLFIRI [n = 381], or best supportive care [n = 114]) with or without panitumumab in adults with KRAS/NRAS (RAS) wild-type mCRC. QoL was assessed using the EuroQoL 5-domain health state index (HSI) and overall health rating (OHR) measures. Impact of skin toxicity on changes in QoL scores was estimated using a linear mixed-effects model. Worst skin toxicity was defined in separate models as a subgroup variable or as a measure over time. Results Regardless of analysis method, there were no statistically significant differences between the panitumumab and comparator arms in any of the studies in terms of change in HSI or OHR scores. There were no statistically significant differences in QoL outcomes between patients with worst skin toxicity grade <3 and those with grade ≥3. In addition, there were no statistically significant differences between the panitumumab and comparator arms in subgroups of patients with worst skin toxicity of grade <3 and ≥3. Conclusions Addition of panitumumab to chemotherapy in RAS wild-type mCRC has no statistically significant negative effect on overall QoL, despite skin toxicity. Skin toxicity of worst grade ≥3 appeared to have similar impact on QoL as skin toxicity of grade <3. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11136-016-1288-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
33
|
Siena S, Tabernero J, Bodoky G, Cunningham D, Rivera F, Ruff P, Canon JL, Koukakis R, Demonty G, Hechmati G, Douillard JY. Quality of life during first-line FOLFOX4±panitumumab in RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal carcinoma: results from a randomised controlled trial. ESMO Open 2016; 1:e000041. [PMID: 27843597 PMCID: PMC5070244 DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2016-000041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metastatic colorectal cancer is rarely curable. Improving quality of life is therefore a key treatment goal. We report quality of life for patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer in the PRIME study. Methods A randomised phase 3 open-label study of first-line panitumumab+FOLFOX4 vs FOLFOX4 enrolled adults with untreated metastatic colorectal cancer and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0–2. This analysis includes patients with wild-type RAS tumours (n=505). Quality of life (prespecified end point) was assessed using the EuroQoL 5-domain health state index and overall health rating in all patients and by early tumour shrinkage status (≥30% reduction in size by week 8; exploratory end point). Differences in quality of life were assessed using analysis of covariance and a mixed-effect piecewise linear model, and were also analysed by skin toxicity severity. Results There were no statistically significant differences between treatment arms from baseline to progression or to discontinuation. Grade 3+ skin toxicity was reported by 38% of patients receiving panitumumab+FOLFOX4 and 2% receiving FOLFOX4 alone. There were no significant differences in quality of life between patients with grade 0–2 skin toxicity and those with grade 3+ skin toxicity. More patients receiving panitumumab+FOLFOX4 vs FOLFOX4 had early tumour shrinkage (p<.001). In patients with tumour symptoms at baseline, there were statistically significant improvements in quality of life in those with early tumour shrinkage versus those without early tumour shrinkage. Conclusions Addition of panitumumab to FOLFOX4 in first-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer prolongs survival and has no negative effect on overall quality of life compared with FOLFOX4 alone. Specific quality of life assessments for skin toxicity should be included in study designs to better define the direct effect of these adverse events. Trial registration number NCT00364013.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Siena
- Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Josep Tabernero
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Gyorgy Bodoky
- Department of Oncology , Szent László Hospital , Budapest , Hungary
| | - David Cunningham
- Department of Medicine , Royal Marsden National Health Service Foundation Trust , London , UK
| | - Fernando Rivera
- Department of Medical Oncology , Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla , Santander , Spain
| | - Paul Ruff
- Faculty of Health Sciences , University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa
| | - Jean Luc Canon
- Service d'Oncologie-Hématologie , Grand Hôpital de Charleroi , Charleroi , Belgium
| | | | - Gaston Demonty
- Medical Development, Amgen (Europe) GmbH , Zug , Switzerland
| | - Guy Hechmati
- Global Health Economics, Amgen (Europe) GmbH , Zug , Switzerland
| | - Jean-Yves Douillard
- Department of Medical Oncology , Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest (ICO) René Gauducheau , Nantes , France
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Rosati G, Aprile G, Cardellino GG, Avallone A. A review and assessment of currently available data of the EGFR antibodies in elderly patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J Geriatr Oncol 2016; 7:134-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
35
|
Lo L, Patel D, Townsend AR, Price TJ. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of panitumumab in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 11:1907-24. [PMID: 26572750 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2015.1112787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Integration of targeted therapy and additional chemotherapy options has improved median overall survival (OS) in patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Cetuximab and panitumumab are examples of targeted therapies, specifically against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). This review focuses on Panitumumab, a fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody, which inhibits key oncogenic downstream cell signalling pathways. Panitumumab and cetuximab have improved tumour response rate, progression-free survival, and OS in mCRC patients in whom the RAS (Rat Sarcoma) gene is of Wild Type (WT) status. AREAS COVERED The EGFR signalling pathway and preclinical, Phase I and Phase II clinical studies on the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and safety evaluation of panitumumab are presented. Phase III studies utilising panitumumab in the first, second and third line setting in mCRC are also described. EXPERT OPINION Panitumumab exhibits excellent pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics by way of uncomplicated dosing, non-existent drug interactions, minimal infusion reactions and manageable side effects, making it a suitable target for combination treatments. However, innate and acquired resistances are still obstacles. To overcome this, experimented strategies are ongoing, particularly in patients with Her-2 and BRAF gene alterations. Novel biomarkers to improve patient selection and second-generation targeted antibodies are in development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Lo
- a Department of Medical Oncology , The Queen Elizabeth Hospital , Woodville , 5011 , SA , Australia
| | - Dainik Patel
- a Department of Medical Oncology , The Queen Elizabeth Hospital , Woodville , 5011 , SA , Australia
| | - Amanda R Townsend
- a Department of Medical Oncology , The Queen Elizabeth Hospital , Woodville , 5011 , SA , Australia.,b School of Medicine , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , 5000 , SA , Australia
| | - Timothy J Price
- a Department of Medical Oncology , The Queen Elizabeth Hospital , Woodville , 5011 , SA , Australia.,b School of Medicine , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , 5000 , SA , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Miroddi M, Sterrantino C, Simonelli I, Ciminata G, Phillips RS, Calapai G. Risk of grade 3-4 diarrhea and mucositis in colorectal cancer patients receiving anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies regimens: A meta-analysis of 18 randomized controlled clinical trials. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 96:355-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
|
37
|
Rosa B, de Jesus JP, de Mello EL, Cesar D, Correia MM. Effectiveness and safety of monoclonal antibodies for metastatic colorectal cancer treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ecancermedicalscience 2015; 9:582. [PMID: 26557880 PMCID: PMC4631576 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2015.582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of chemotherapy (CT) for select cases of metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC) has been well established in the literature, however, it provides limited benefits and in many cases constitutes a treatment with high toxicity. The use of specific molecular biological treatments with monoclonal antibodies (MA) has been shown to be relevant, particularly for its potential for increasing the response rate of the host to the tumour, as these have molecular targets present in the cancerous cells and their microenvironment thereby blocking their development. The combination of MA and CT can bring a significant increase in the rate of resectability of metastases, the progression-free survival (PFS), and the global survival (GS) in MCRC patients. OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness and safety of MA in the treatment of MCRC. METHODS A systematic review was carried out with a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials comparing the use of cetuximab, bevacizumab, and panitumumab in the treatment of MCRC. RESULTS Sixteen randomised clinical trials were selected. The quality of the evidence on the question was considered moderate and data from eight randomised clinical trials were included in this meta-analysis. The GS and PFS were greater in the groups which received the MA associated with CT, however, the differences were not statistically significant between the groups (mean of 17.7 months versus 17.1 months; mean difference of 1.09 (CI: 0.10-2.07); p = 0.84; and 7.4 versus 6.9 months. mean difference of 0.76 (CI: 0.08-1.44); p = 0.14 respectively). The meta-analysis was not done for any of the secondary outcomes. CONCLUSION The addition of MA to CT for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer does not prolong GS and PFS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rosa
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniel Cesar
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, Brazil
| | - Mauro M Correia
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Del Prete M, Giampieri R, Faloppi L, Bianconi M, Bittoni A, Andrikou K, Cascinu S. Panitumumab for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: a review. Immunotherapy 2015; 7:721-38. [PMID: 26250414 DOI: 10.2217/imt.15.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has evolved significantly with the increase of new therapeutic options, leading to an improved median survival for these patients. In particular, the identification of molecular targets in tumor cells has led to the introduction of biological drugs for the treatment of mCRC. Panitumumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that binds the EGF receptor of tumor cells and inhibits downstream cell signaling with antitumor effect on inhibition of tumor growth. Its use has been approved by randomized clinical trials as monotherapy in chemorefractory patients or combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of RAS wild-type mCRC, where it demonstrated a significant improvement in survival and response rate. The purpose of this review is to analyze the use and efficacy profile of panitumumab, particularly focusing on recently reported data on its use, and future perspectives in patients with mCRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Del Prete
- Medical Oncology, AOU Ospedali Riuniti-Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - R Giampieri
- Medical Oncology, AOU Ospedali Riuniti-Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - L Faloppi
- Medical Oncology, AOU Ospedali Riuniti-Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - M Bianconi
- Medical Oncology, AOU Ospedali Riuniti-Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - A Bittoni
- Medical Oncology, AOU Ospedali Riuniti-Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - K Andrikou
- Medical Oncology, AOU Ospedali Riuniti-Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - S Cascinu
- Medical Oncology, AOU Ospedali Riuniti-Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lee YC, Michael M, Zalcberg JR. An overview of experimental and investigational multikinase inhibitors for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2015. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2015.1070483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
40
|
Abstract
Transmembrane 4 superfamily member 5 protein (TM4SF5) is presumed to serve as a molecular target to prevent or treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colon cancer in a mouse model. Previously, we reported the efficacy of anti-cancer peptide vaccine targeting TM4SF5. In addition, we reported an anti-proliferative effect of anti-TM4SF5 monoclonal antibody in HCC. Here, we investigated expression of TM4SF5 in 45 primary colon cancer tissues. Almost all of the colon cancer tissues expressed TM4SF5 based on immunohistochemistry using anti-TM4SF5 monoclonal antibody. The treatment of human colon cancer cells with anti-TM4SF5 antibody reduced growth of TM4SF5 expressing cells and enhanced expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin. Using mouse colon cancer models, we then evaluated the in vivo anti-cancer effect of anti-TM4SF5 antibody. Injection of the antibody significantly reduced growth of tumors priorly established by subcutaneous injection of human colon cancer cells HT-29 in a xenograft setting. We obtained similar results with mouse colon cancer cell line CT-26 in an allograft setting. Therefore, we suggest that the TM4SF5-specific monoclonal antibody has a therapeutic effect against colon cancer.
Collapse
|
41
|
Extended RAS analysis for anti-epidermal growth factor therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2015. [PMID: 26220150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
RAS family proteins (including KRAS and NRAS) play important roles in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. Mutations in RAS genes (occurring at loci in exons 2, 3, and 4) often result in constitutive activation of RAS proteins and persistent downstream signaling. Mutations in KRAS exon 2 (codon 12/13) are an established predictor of lack of response to the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), and have been used routinely in clinical practice to identify patients unlikely to derive benefit from these therapies. However, a meaningful proportion of patients with mCRC have tumors bearing other mutations in RAS genes. Recent studies have demonstrated that evaluation of an extended panel of RAS mutations—including mutations in KRAS exon 2, 3, and 4 and NRAS exons 2, 3, and 4—can better define the patient population that is unlikely to benefit from anti-EGFR therapy, with concomitant improvements in outcomes in the more highly selected RAS wild-type group. This discovery has changed the practice of oncology and has the potential to spare patients from exposure to ineffective therapy. In the near future, it is important for the oncology community to validate extended RAS analysis assays and make certain that patients who are candidates for anti-EGFR therapy undergo appropriate testing and treatment.
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Targeted agents are an important therapeutic option in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Panitumumab is a recombinant, fully humanized, immunoglobulin G2 monoclonal antibody that targets the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with efficacy in mCRC as monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy. Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) mutation status has emerged as an important biomarker to predict response to anti-EGFR therapy. Optimal timing for panitumumab use in the mCRC treatment algorithm has not been established. This review discusses the mechanism of action, predictive biomarkers, and role of panitumumab in the treatment of mCRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Y Tay
- Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachel Wong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eliza A Hawkes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Oncology, Olivia Newton John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Correspondence: Eliza A Hawkes, Department of Oncology, Level 4, Olivia Newton John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia, Tel +61 39 496 5763, Email
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Carter NJ. Regorafenib: a review of its use in previously treated patients with progressive metastatic colorectal cancer. Drugs Aging 2014; 31:67-78. [PMID: 24276917 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-013-0140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Regorafenib (Stivarga) is an inhibitor of multiple protein kinases, including those involved in oncogenesis, tumour angiogenesis and maintenance of the tumour microenvironment. The drug is approved as monotherapy for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in patients who have previously received all standard systemic anticancer treatments (US, EU and Canada) or in patients with unresectable, advanced or recurrent colorectal cancer (Japan). In the randomized, controlled COloRectal cancer treated with REgorafenib or plaCebo after failure of standard Therapy (CORRECT) trial, regorafenib 160 mg once daily for the first 3 weeks of each 4-week cycle plus best supportive care (BSC) was associated with a significantly longer median overall survival than placebo plus BSC in patients with previously treated, progressive mCRC. The drug was also associated with significantly longer progression-free survival and better disease control rates than placebo, although objective response rates were similar in both treatment groups. Regorafenib did not appear to compromise health-related quality of life over the study duration and had a generally acceptable tolerability profile. The introduction of regorafenib expands the currently limited range of effective treatment options in patients with previously treated, progressive mCRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Carter
- Adis, 41 Centorian Drive, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, North Shore, 0754, Auckland, New Zealand,
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Rodríguez Bandera AI, Gómez Fernández C, Vorlicka K, Ruiz-Bravo Burguillo E, Herranz Pinto P. Severe folliculitis with secondary impetiginization in the scalp of a woman treated with panitumumab. Int J Dermatol 2014; 54:e226-9. [PMID: 25040914 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kristyna Vorlicka
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hocking CM, Townsend AR, Price TJ. Panitumumab in metastatic colorectal cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 13:781-93. [DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2013.811064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
46
|
Vici P, Mariani L, Pizzuti L, Sergi D, Di Lauro L, Vizza E, Tomao F, Tomao S, Mancini E, Vincenzoni C, Barba M, Maugeri-Saccà M, Giovinazzo G, Venuti A. Emerging biological treatments for uterine cervical carcinoma. J Cancer 2014; 5:86-97. [PMID: 24494026 PMCID: PMC3909763 DOI: 10.7150/jca.7963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, and the development of new diagnosis, prognostic, and treatment strategies is a major interest for public health. Cisplatin, in combination with external beam irradiation for locally advanced disease, or as monotherapy for recurrent/metastatic disease, has been the cornerstone of treatment for more than two decades. Other investigated cytotoxic therapies include paclitaxel, ifosfamide and topotecan, as single agents or in combination, revealing unsatisfactory results. In recent years, much effort has been made towards evaluating new drugs and developing innovative therapies to treat cervical cancer. Among the most investigated molecular targets are epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathways, both playing a critical role in cervical cancer development. Studies with bevacizumab or VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase have given encouraging results in terms of clinical efficacy, without adding significant toxicity. A great number of other molecular agents targeting critical pathways in cervical malignant transformation are being evaluated in preclinical and clinical trials, reporting preliminary promising data. In the current review, we discuss novel therapeutic strategies which are being investigated for the treatment of advanced cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Vici
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology B, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Mariani
- 2. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy ; 3. HPV Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Pizzuti
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology B, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology B, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Lauro
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology B, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Vizza
- 2. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Tomao
- 4. Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, "La Sapienza" University, V Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Silverio Tomao
- 5. Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Oncology Unit, C.so della Repubblica, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mancini
- 2. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Vincenzoni
- 2. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena Barba
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology B, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy ; 6. Scientific Direction, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology B, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy ; 6. Scientific Direction, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giovinazzo
- 7. Department of Radiation Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute,V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Venuti
- 3. HPV Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy ; 8. Laboratory of Virology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Hocking CM, Price TJ. Panitumumab in the management of patients with KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2014; 7:20-37. [PMID: 24381645 PMCID: PMC3871277 DOI: 10.1177/1756283x13498660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The past 15 years has seen a marked increase in available therapeutic options for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer resulting in improvements in median survival from 12 to 24 months. One of these new options is panitumumab, which is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor of tumor cells and inhibits downstream cell signaling with antitumor effects of inhibition of tumor growth, induction of apoptosis and inhibition of angiogenesis. Large randomized clinical trials have demonstrated significant improvements in tumor response rates and progression-free survival when panitumumab is combined with chemotherapy and as monotherapy in chemorefractory metastatic colorectal cancer. Clinical benefit with panitumumab is limited to patients with nonmutated KRAS tumors. Rash is a common toxicity of panitumumab treatment but can potentially be ameliorated with the use of prophylactic strategies. The role of panitumumab in the overall treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer is evolving and future clinical trials will focus on improved patient selection through use of novel predictive biomarkers, and the optimal timing of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Hocking
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA, Australia
| | - Timothy J Price
- Department of Medical Oncology, TQEH, Woodville, Woodville Road, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
ObjectivesK-rasgene product in the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway is critical in the development of certain types of malignancies.K-rasmutation–associated pancreatic and ovarian carcinomas often display mucinous differentiation. Previous studies have shown thatk-rasmutation is found in 10% to 30% of endometrial carcinomas. We investigatedk-rasmutations in several morphologic subtypes of endometrial carcinomas with particular emphasis on various degrees of mucinous differentiation.MethodsGenomic DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections. Polymerase chain reaction amplification fork-rascodons 12 and 13 were performed, followed by sequencing using capillary electrophoresis. The Fisher exact test is used to compare the prevalent difference ofk-rasmutation among the groups.P< 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsK-rasmutations were detected in 8 (80%) of 10 mucinous carcinomas, 12 (67%) of 18 endometrioid carcinomas (ECs) with significant mucinous differentiation (ECMD), 4 (25%) of 16 ECs, and 1 (9%) of 11 serous carcinomas. The differences were statistically significant between mucinous carcinomas versus EC (P< 0.01) and ECMD versus EC (P< 0.05).ConclusionThe findings suggest that mucinous carcinoma and endometrioid carcinoma with significant mucinous component are more likely to be associated withk-rasmutation. Potential clinical implications ofk-rasmutation lies in the management of recurrent or higher-stage endometrial mucinous tumors, which would not be responsive to treatment protocols containing epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors.
Collapse
|
49
|
Asano R, Hagiwara Y, Koyama N, Masakari Y, Orimo R, Arai K, Ogata H, Furumoto S, Umetsu M, Kumagai I. Multimerization of anti-(epidermal growth factor receptor) IgG fragments induces an antitumor effect: the case for humanized 528 scFv multimers. FEBS J 2013; 280:4816-26. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Asano
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - Yasuyo Hagiwara
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - Noriaki Koyama
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - Yosuke Masakari
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - Ryota Orimo
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - Kyoko Arai
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - Hiromi Ogata
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - Shozo Furumoto
- Department of Pharmacology; Tohoku University School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| | - Mitsuo Umetsu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - Izumi Kumagai
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Deeken JF, Shimkus B, Liem A, Hill D, Gurtler J, Berghorn E, Townes L, Lu H, Trifan O, Zhang S. Evaluation of the relationship between cetuximab therapy and corrected QT interval changes in patients with advanced malignancies from solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2013; 71:1473-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-013-2146-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|