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Tadmor DI, Chesson L, Till K, Phillips G, Fairbank L, Brown J, Cross M, Gardner AJ, Johnston RD, Owen C, Hendricks S, Stokes KA, Jones B. Non-reporting of sport-related concussion symptoms: a cross-sectional study of community rugby league players in the UK. Inj Prev 2024:ip-2023-045108. [PMID: 39060115 DOI: 10.1136/ip-2023-045108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Recognising and removing players with suspected sport-related concussions is crucial for community sports. OBJECTIVES Quantify rates and factors associated with non-reporting of concussion symptoms in community rugby league. METHODS Overall, 484 community rugby league players aged ≥18 years and 965 parents of rugby league players aged <18 years completed an online survey, regarding concussion history, knowledge, prevalence and reasons for non-reporting of concussion, long-term implications and perceptions of concussion. RESULTS Thirty-five percent of players aged ≥18 years and 22% of parents of players aged <18 years reported at least one concussion in the last two seasons. Forty-three percent of players aged ≥18 years and 5% of parents of players aged<18 years surveyed stated they did not report concussion-related symptoms sustained during 2020 and 2021 seasons. The two most common reasons for non-reporting of concussion symptoms were 'didn't want to be ruled out of a match' and 'didn't want to let down the team'. Players aged ≥18 years who received external coaching pressures around concussion were more likely to not report concussion symptoms. Over 40% of parents and players were concerned about the potential long-term implications. Ten percent of players aged ≥18 years and 7% of parents of players aged <18 years would encourage their family members/children to not play rugby league. CONCLUSIONS Non-reporting rates of suspected concussion symptoms in adult community players were twice as high as in professional rugby league, with similar reasons (wanting to play and not letting the team down). Engaging coaches to prioritise brain health and providing broader and appropriate education on concussion should be focused on, given the concerns reported by community players and parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Isaac Tadmor
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Rhinos Rugby League Club, Leeds, UK
| | - Lucy Chesson
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Kevin Till
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Rhinos Rugby League Club, Leeds, UK
| | - Gemma Phillips
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- Hull Kingston Rovers, Hull, UK
- England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, Manchester, UK
- Uno-X Mobility Professional Cycling, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laura Fairbank
- England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, Manchester, UK
| | - James Brown
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- Department of Exercise, Sport and Lifestyle Medicine, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Matt Cross
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- Premiership Rugby, London, UK
| | - Andrew J Gardner
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rich D Johnston
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Sports Performance, Recovery, Injury and New Technologies (SPRINT) Research Centre, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Cameron Owen
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, Manchester, UK
| | - Sharief Hendricks
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Keith A Stokes
- Centre for Health, and Injury & Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- Rugby Football Union, Twickenham, UK
| | - Ben Jones
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, Manchester, UK
- Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Premiership Rugby, London, UK
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Doré A, Jacq R, Bas AC. Athletes' medical preventive behaviors: the case of oral health and ultraendurance trail runners. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:777. [PMID: 38992671 PMCID: PMC11242021 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04492-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Ultra-endurance runners are particularly exposed to caries risk factors due to the continuous intake of sugars in liquid or sticky forms during long-distance exercise. The risk of caries increases due to a failure to perform oral hygiene during races. Ultra-endurance runners had good oral health status despite these particularities. Our hypothesis is that high compliance with preventive oral health recommendations (toothbrushing and preventive or regular dental visits) counterbalance the risks associated with their exposure to caries. We aimed to gain a better understanding of preventive dental behaviors in ultra-endurance runners. We then studied the determinants of two major recommendations: (1) visiting a dentist for preventive check-ups and (2) visiting a dentist during the year. 37% of the total sample reported patterns of both preventive dental visits and recent visits. Early visits (ORa = 4.8***), good oral health (ORa = 8.8**) and tooth brushing (ORa = 2.2**) were associated with preventive dental visits, but there was no significant influence of snacking or weekly work hours. The ultra-endurance race frequency was associated with early dental visits despite equal needs. Most risk-control behaviors were associated with each other, indicating that they are all-or-nothing behaviors. Individual prevention strategies implemented at the dental office may not be as effective as they predominantly target individuals who are already aware of and interested in preventive care. Instead, developing targeted primary prevention strategies that are accessible at race venues, such as stands, villages, or food supply points, could be more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Doré
- U1018, Inserm, Centre de recherche en Épidémiologie et Santé des Populations, University of Paris Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France
| | - Romain Jacq
- Dental Department, UFR Santé, University of Rouen Normandy, 22 boulevard Gambetta, Rouen Cedex, 76183, France
| | - Anne-Charlotte Bas
- U1018, Inserm, Centre de recherche en Épidémiologie et Santé des Populations, University of Paris Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France.
- Dental Department, UFR Santé, University of Rouen Normandy, 22 boulevard Gambetta, Rouen Cedex, 76183, France.
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Bagehorn T, de Zee M, Fong DTP, Thorborg K, Kersting UG, Lysdal FG. Lateral Ankle Joint Injuries in Indoor and Court Sports: A Systematic Video Analysis of 445 Nonconsecutive Case Series. Am J Sports Med 2024; 52:1572-1584. [PMID: 38634630 DOI: 10.1177/03635465241241760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lateral ankle sprains are one of the most common injuries in indoor and court sports. Self-reports and case studies have indicated that these injuries occur via both contact and noncontact injury mechanisms typically because of excessive inversion in combination with plantarflexion and adduction of the foot. Video-based documentation of the injury mechanism exists, but the number of cases reported in the literature is limited. PURPOSE To retrieve and systematically analyze a large number of video-recorded lateral ankle injuries from indoor and court sports, as well as describe the injury mechanism, injury motion, and injury pattern across different sports. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS A total of 445 unique video-recorded lateral ankle sprain injuries were retrieved from indoor and court sports of broadcasted levels of competition. The videos were independently analyzed by 2 different reviewers. Outcomes included classification of the injury mechanism according to the International Olympic Committee consensus guidelines, primary and secondary motions of ankle joint distortion, and documentation of the fixation point (fulcrum) around which the foot rotates. RESULTS Overall, 298 (67%) injuries were direct contact, 113 (25%) were noncontact, and 32 (7%) were indirect contact incidents. Direct contact injuries were especially prevalent in basketball (76%), handball (80%), and volleyball (85%), while noncontact injuries dominated in tennis and badminton (96% vs 95% across both). Inversion (65%) and internal rotation (33%) were the primary distortion motions, with the lateral forefoot (53%) and lateral midfoot (40%) serving as the main fulcrums. Landing on another player's foot was the leading cause of injury (n = 246; 55%), primarily characterized by inversion (79%) around a midfoot fulcrum (54%). The noncontact and indirect landings on floor (n = 144; 33%) were primarily characterized by a distortion around a forefoot fulcrum (69%). CONCLUSION Two of 3 ankle sprains from online video platforms were direct contact injuries, with most involving landing on another player's foot. The distortion motion seems to be related to the injury mechanism and the fixation point between the foot and the floor. The injury mechanisms varied greatly between sports, and future studies should clearly differentiate and investigate the specific injury mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Bagehorn
- ExerciseTech, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Gistrup, Denmark
| | - Mark de Zee
- ExerciseTech, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Gistrup, Denmark
| | - Daniel T P Fong
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Kristian Thorborg
- Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research-Copenhagen, Amager-Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sports Orthopedic Research Center-Copenhagen (SORC-C), Amager-Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen University, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Uwe G Kersting
- ExerciseTech, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Gistrup, Denmark
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Filip Gertz Lysdal
- ExerciseTech, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Gistrup, Denmark
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Faculty of Sport, Allied Health and Performance Science, St Mary's University, Twickenham, London, United Kingdom
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Xu L, Chen S, Gao D, Fang Y, Li L. The associated factors for physical activity-related injuries among first-year university students in southern China from a biopsychosocial perspective. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1369583. [PMID: 38628852 PMCID: PMC11018952 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1369583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the diverse factors influencing physical activity-related injuries is crucial for developing effective interventions that enable individuals to participate in physical activity (PA) while minimizing injury risk. Currently, research evidence on the multiple factors associated with PA-related injuries is inadequate. This study aimed to examine the associations between PA-related injuries and various biological, psychological, and social factors among first-year university students in China. Methods We recruited first-year university students from Shantou University in Guangdong Province, China, to participate in our study. Data collection employed a structured self-administered questionnaire, gathering information on PA-related injuries, as well as relevant biological, psychological, and social factors. Binary logistic regression, using a stepwise modeling approach, was employed for the data analysis. Results Among 1,051 first-year university students, 28.16% reported having experienced PA-related injuries in the past year. Most of the injuries reported were minor, with the knee or lower leg being the most frequently injured part of the body. Improper posture, environmental conditions, and excessive physical load were the leading causes of PA-related injuries. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that female students (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.47-0.94, p = 0.022) had reduced odds of PA-related injuries. Conversely, high neuroticism (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.07-2.41, p = 0.022), being a member of a sports team (OR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.34-3.27, p < 0.001), PA on the wet ground (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.18-2.54, p = 0.005) increased the odds of PA-related injuries. Conclusion Our findings underscore the intricate interplay of various factors contributing to PA-related injuries. Identifying high-risk individuals based on physiological and psychological characteristics, coupled with targeted interventions addressing modifiable risk factors, is crucial for effective prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Xu
- School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Injury Prevention Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shangmin Chen
- School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Injury Prevention Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Dongna Gao
- School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Mental Health Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Liping Li
- School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Injury Prevention Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Luijten SCM, Nauta J, Janssen TWJ, Holla JFM, Jenniskens SCN, van Reuler AVR, Verhagen E. Occurrence of injuries and illnesses in athletes with a physical impairment; a forty-week prospective cohort study. J Sci Med Sport 2024; 27:160-165. [PMID: 38123411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Currently, the knowledge about the epidemiology of sport-related health problems of athletes with a physical impairment is limited. Therefore, this study aims to describe the prevalence, incidence and severity of sport-related health problems of athletes with a physical impairment in the Netherlands over a one sport season. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS Athletes (n = 99) with a physical impairment participated in this study. After completing a baseline questionnaire, athletes started a 40-week health monitoring period, during which they completed the Dutch translation of the OSTRC Questionnaire on Health Problems every week. Based on the reported information, injury and illness prevalence, incidence, weekly cumulative severity score, weekly time loss from sport and the total burden were calculated. RESULTS A total of 368 health problems were reported by 95 athletes. These health problems consisted of 258 injuries and 110 illnesses. The average weekly prevalence of health problems was 48.0 %; for injuries 34.6 %, and illnesses 13.4 %. Differences were found when considering injury severity, with the highest severity scores for athletes with a limb deficiency. Furthermore, recreational athletes reported the highest injury severity scores, followed by athletes who competed nationally and athletes who competed internationally. CONCLUSIONS Data from this study show a high average weekly prevalence of health problems, and differences amongst various impairment categories and sport levels when considering the severity of injuries. These results add to the knowledge regarding sport-related health problem epidemiology in this population, indicating that impairment category and sport level should be taken into account when developing injury prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sietske C M Luijten
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Joske Nauta
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas W J Janssen
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Centre|Reade, the Netherlands; Center for Adapted Sports Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute of Sport Science, the Netherlands
| | - Jasmijn F M Holla
- Center of Expertise Prevention in Care and Welfare, Faculty of Health, Sports and Social Work, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Centre|Reade, the Netherlands; Center for Adapted Sports Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute of Sport Science, the Netherlands
| | - Simone C N Jenniskens
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Chyi T, Lu FJH, Hsieh YC, Hsu YW, Gill DL, Fang BB. Relationship Between Athletes' History of Stressors and Sport Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Percept Mot Skills 2024; 131:192-218. [PMID: 37963574 DOI: 10.1177/00315125231216329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
A history of stressors in athletes represents psychosocial factors that may lead to sport injury. However, empirical studies have provided varying results for the relationship between stress history and sport injury. We examined prior literature on the stress history - sport injury relationship within a systematic review and, by meta-analysis, we offered a pooled estimate of the strength of this relationship. We searched seven major academic databases (Sportdiscus, Psyinfo, Academic Search Premier, Ovid, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed) from January 2000 to September 2023 and identified 19 empirical studies that examined injuries in sports contexts for meta-analysis. In 19 empirical studies of moderate to high publication quality, we found moderate heterogeneity (Q(17) = 98.61; p < .001), low sensitivity (I2 77.82-83.77), and low publication bias (Z-value = 7.74; p < .001). Further, using a random effect estimate-r, we found a low but significant correlation between stress history and sport injury, yielding a small overall effect size (ES) of r = .12. Furthermore, moderation analyses found adolescents (r = .14), contact-sport athletes (r = .09), non-elite athletes (r = .13), and non-European athletes (America r = .16; Asia r = .14; Oceania r = .14) to have a relatively higher ES than their counterparts in this stress history/sport injury relationship. We concluded that inevitable life stressors may lead to many negative consequences for athletes, such that sports professionals should provide stress management educational programs to enhance athletes' health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Chyi
- Graduate Institute of Sport Coaching Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Frank J H Lu
- Graduate Institute of Sport Coaching Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Che Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Sport Coaching Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Sport Sciences, Army Academy, R.O.C., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Hsu
- Department of Physical Education, Health, and Recreation, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Diane L Gill
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Bin-Bin Fang
- School of Physical Education, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
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van Tonder R, Hendricks S, Starling L, Surmon S, Viviers P, Kraak W, Stokes KA, Derman W, Brown JC. Tackling the tackle 2: Evaluation of referee and player behavioural change as measures of implementation of a law variation in community-level male amateur rugby union. J Sci Med Sport 2024; 27:63-70. [PMID: 38030441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate player and referee behaviour during a lower tackle height law variation trial in community rugby union ('rugby'). DESIGN Prospective observational cohort study. METHODS In a law variation trial in male amateur community rugby, coded match video surveillance data were analysed. Referee (sanctioning rate) and player (tackler body position) behaviour changes over one season (under the lowered, armpit-level maximum legal tackle height condition) were analysed in three approximately equal periods of the season. Secondarily, an independent professional referee reviewed illegal high tackle sanctioning data. RESULTS Overall, 108 matches with 14,780 tackles were filmed and coded. Sanctioned illegal high tackle propensity was significantly higher in the mid-season (41 sanctioned high tackles/1000 tackle events; 95 % CI: 35-47), compared with first and last periods. Upright tacklers in tackles decreased significantly in the final vs. middle period of the season (rate ratio: 0.69; 95 % CI: 0.54-0.88; p < 0.01). Of all the coder-determined high tackles also assessed as high under the new law by the independent referee, 51 % were sanctioned by the on-field referee. CONCLUSIONS Positive player and referee behavioural changes were observed during a lowered legal tackle height law variation in this community rugby setting. Increased mid-phase high tackle sanctioning by referees was followed by fewer tackles with upright tacklers in the subsequent (last) phase of the season. Encouraging positive behaviour changes of this nature, particularly if sustained (beyond trial study periods), may contribute to overall injury risk reduction, and hold considerable importance to inform future injury prevention strategies in rugby.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riaan van Tonder
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Exercise, Sport and Lifestyle Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; IOC Research Centre, South Africa.
| | - Sharief Hendricks
- Division of Physiological Sciences and Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, UK. https://twitter.com/sharief_h
| | - Lindsay Starling
- UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Bath, UK; Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Bath, UK; World Rugby House, UK. https://twitter.com/starling_linds
| | - Sean Surmon
- Stellenbosch University, Maties Sport, South Africa. https://twitter.com/seansurmon
| | - Pierre Viviers
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Exercise, Sport and Lifestyle Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Stellenbosch University Campus Health Service, South Africa; IOC Research Centre, South Africa. https://twitter.com/thematiesdoc
| | - Wilbur Kraak
- Division of Sport Science, Department of Exercise, Sport and Lifestyle Medicine, South Africa; Department of Sport, Recreation, and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, South Africa. https://twitter.com/Coachwilbur
| | - Keith A Stokes
- UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Bath, UK; Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Bath, UK; Medical Services, Rugby Football Union, UK. https://twitter.com/drkeithstokes
| | - Wayne Derman
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Exercise, Sport and Lifestyle Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; IOC Research Centre, South Africa. https://twitter.com/wderman
| | - James Craig Brown
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Exercise, Sport and Lifestyle Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, UK; IOC Research Centre, South Africa. https://twitter.com/jamesbrown06
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Bonell Monsonís O, Spörri J, Warsen M, Bolling C, Gouttebarge V, Verhagen E. We know a lot about little and little about a lot: A contextualized scoping review on injury prevention in alpine ski racing. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14533. [PMID: 37955281 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our goal was to summarize and contextualize the available literature on alpine ski racing injury epidemiology, injury etiology, injury prevention measures, injury prevention context, and implementation issues. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched four electronic databases using predetermined search terms. We included original studies that assessed injury, injury risk factors, and injury mechanisms, and assessed and reported the effect of an injury prevention measure in alpine ski racing. Two authors independently conducted title-abstract screening, and one performed the full-text review. For data synthesis and categorization, we used the Translating Research into the Injury Prevention Practice framework and a modified and adapted version of the Haddon matrix. RESULTS Of the 157 included studies, most corresponded to injury epidemiology and etiology, whereas few studies encompassed injury prevention measure development, implementation and evaluation. Preventive interventions targeting equipment, rules and regulations, course design and snow preparation were the most prevalent in the literature. Furthermore, various contextual factors in the current literature have been found, including gender, competition level, countries and federations, and time periods within a season. CONCLUSIONS We provided an in-depth and comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in the alpine ski racing context. We know a lot about little and little about a lot across all the areas associated with injury prevention in such context. The limitations in the literature yield a road map for designing future injury prevention studies to address the key gaps identified. A more comprehensive context-driven approach throughout all stages of injury prevention would benefit the ultimate implementation of effective preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Bonell Monsonís
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University Medical Centers - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Musculoskeletal Health and Sports, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jörg Spörri
- Sports Medical Research Group, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Centre for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marit Warsen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University Medical Centers - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Bolling
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University Medical Centers - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Gouttebarge
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Musculoskeletal Health and Sports, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Section Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University Medical Centers - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Musculoskeletal Health and Sports, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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9
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Tadmor D, Till K, Phillips G, Brown J, Fairbank L, Hendricks S, Johnston RD, Longworth T, Stokes K, Jones B. I won't let you down; why 20% of Men's and Women's Super League players underreported suspected concussions. J Sci Med Sport 2023; 26:688-693. [PMID: 37813720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Quantify and identify factors associated with concussion underreporting in Super League rugby league players. DESIGN Cross sectional survey. METHODS During the 2022 season preseason, 422 Men's and Women's Super League players completed an online survey quantifying player demographics, rugby playing history, concussion history, prevalence of, and reasons for underreporting concussion, concussion knowledge and long-term implications and perceptions of concussion. RESULTS Overall, 20% of respondents stated they did not report concussion-related symptoms to medical staff during the 2020 and 2021 seasons. The two most common reasons for underreporting concussion were 'didn't want to be ruled out of a match' (35%) and 'didn't want to let down team' (24%). 65% of players reported an appropriate level of knowledge about concussion and potential long-term implications at the start of their senior rugby career, versus 89% now. In relation to concussion knowledge, symptoms were correctly identified on 74% of occasions. 57% of players surveyed were concerned about the potential long-term implications from concussion, and 11% of players would encourage their/family members' children to not play rugby league. CONCLUSIONS The proportion of Super League players who did not report concussion symptoms was similar to rugby league players in Australia. The main reasons for not reporting concussion appeared to be due to perceptions of what is beneficial for the team, suggesting both performance and medical staff should collectively encourage players to report concussion. A player's attitude towards concussion is potentially an individual modifiable risk factor and should be considered within the concussion management of players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tadmor
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, United Kingdom; Leeds Rhinos Rugby League Club, United Kingdom; England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, United Kingdom. https://twitter.com/danieltadmor
| | - Kevin Till
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, United Kingdom; Leeds Rhinos Rugby League Club, United Kingdom. https://twitter.com/ktconditioning
| | - Gemma Phillips
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, United Kingdom; England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, United Kingdom; Hull Kingston Rovers, United Kingdom
| | - James Brown
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, United Kingdom; Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine (ISEM), Department of Exercise, Sport and Lifestyle Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; Division of Physiological Sciences and Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Cape Town, South Africa. https://twitter.com/jamesbrown06
| | - Laura Fairbank
- England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, United Kingdom
| | - Sharief Hendricks
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, United Kingdom; Division of Physiological Sciences and Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Cape Town, South Africa. https://twitter.com/sharief_h
| | - Rich D Johnston
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, United Kingdom; School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Australia; Sports Performance, Recovery, Injury and New Technologies (SPRINT) Research Centre, Australian Catholic University, Australia. https://twitter.com/richjohnston88
| | - Thomas Longworth
- Sports Medicine, Eastern Suburbs Sports Medicine Centre, Australia; Medical, New South Wales Institute of Sport, Australia
| | - Keith Stokes
- Centre for Health, and Injury & Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Bath, United Kingdom; UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport (UKCCIIS), University of Bath, United Kingdom; Rugby Football Union, United Kingdom. https://twitter.com/drkeithstokes
| | - Ben Jones
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, United Kingdom; England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, United Kingdom; Division of Physiological Sciences and Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Cape Town, South Africa; School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Australia; Premiership Rugby, United Kingdom.
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Priyambada Mitra T, Djerboua M, Mahmood S, Nettel-Aguirre A, Caird JK, Emery C, Hagel B, Russell K. Effectiveness of an injury prevention video on risky behaviours in youth snow sports: A randomized controlled trial. Paediatr Child Health 2023; 28:404-410. [PMID: 37885602 PMCID: PMC10599488 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxad012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Ski and snowboard-related injuries are common among Canadian youth. Analyzing the role of risky behaviours that contribute to injury risk is essential for gaining an understanding of injury prevention opportunities. The objective was to determine if rates of risky behaviour seen at the ski hill were lower for children and adolescents exposed to an educational injury prevention video. Methods This single-blinded cluster randomized controlled trial included students (ages 7-16) from 18 Calgary schools who were enrolled in novice levelled school-sanctioned ski and snowboard programs. Consenting schools were randomly assigned to the intervention or control. The control group followed standard preparation including watching a general ski hill orientation video that was created by the ski hill. The intervention group viewed the intervention video focussed on injury prevention. The Risky Behaviour and Actions Assessment Tool was used by blinded research assistants to observe and record students' risky behaviours at an Alberta ski hill. Results In total, 407 observations estimated the rate of risky behaviour. The overall rate of risky behaviour was 23.31/100 person runs in the control group and 22.95/100 person runs in the intervention group. The most commonly observed risky behaviours in both groups were skiing too close to other skiers/snowboarders and near collision with an object/person. Conclusions Both groups showed similar rates of risky behaviour and demonstrated the same most common type of behaviour. Practical applications: future work should focus on mitigating common risky behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatum Priyambada Mitra
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- MD Program, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Maya Djerboua
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Sheharzad Mahmood
- MD Program, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
| | - Alberto Nettel-Aguirre
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- O’Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- School of Mathematics and Applied Statistics, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Jeff K Caird
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- O’Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Carolyn Emery
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- O’Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brent Hagel
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
- O’Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Kelly Russell
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
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Teahan C, Whyte EF, O'Connor S. Gaelic games players' awareness and use of, and attitudes towards injury prevention exercise programmes. Phys Ther Sport 2023; 64:17-26. [PMID: 37647826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to determine the awareness of and use of injury prevention exercise programmes (IPEPs) among adult Gaelic games players and to investigate Gaelic games players' attitudes to injury prevention and barriers and facilitators to successful IPEPs use. METHODS A recruitment email was sent to all clubs and county boards throughout Ireland (whose email was available online) and the survey was advertised on social media platforms. Adult players completed an anonymous survey, including awareness, use, and attitudes towards injury prevention and injuries. Frequencies and descriptive statistics were conducted, a chi-squared test was used to assess any differences in awareness and use of IPEPs, a Mann-Whitney U test was used to examine differences between groups for attitudes to injury prevention (men vs women; elite vs non-elite). RESULTS A third of players (32.4%) stated awareness of IPEPs. However, only 13.4% correctly identified one. A significantly greater number of men (35.7%) used IPEPs compared to women (26.5%) (p = 0.04). The Activate (65.5%) and GAA15 (32.5%) were most used. Players had a positive attitude towards injury prevention but agreed that injuries were an issue (68.2%) and stated that their coach didn't have enough knowledge how to use IPEPs was a large barrier (41.6%). CONCLUSION Despite this positive attitude to injury prevention and believing injuries are an issue, adoption remains low. Organisations/clubs should educate players on the benefits of using IPEPs and support structures put in place to gain greater implementation, which is critical to mitigating the risk of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin Teahan
- Centre for Injury Prevention and Performance, School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Enda F Whyte
- Centre for Injury Prevention and Performance, School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Siobhán O'Connor
- Centre for Injury Prevention and Performance, School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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Marks A, Courtney CA, Healey WE. Perceptions of Physical Therapy and The Role of Physical Therapists In Injury Prevention Among Professional Basketball Players: A Qualitative Study. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2023; 18:1186-1195. [PMID: 37795332 PMCID: PMC10547088 DOI: 10.26603/001c.88137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Injury prevention is critical in competitive professional sports, however, the role of physical therapists in this aspect of healthcare is not fully understood. Purpose The purpose of this study was to describe professional basketball players' perceptions of physical therapy (PT) and physical therapists' role in injury prevention. Study Design Qualitative, semi-structured interview. Methods Thirty-five professional basketball players (mean age 23.1 years ± 3.9; 42% female; 72% African American; 90% college graduates) from over 20 teams participated. Athletes participated in semi-structured interviews that focused on injury prevention and utilization of PT services. Two researchers coded the transcripts, organized the findings into general categories, and created major themes. Data saturation was reached when no new information emerged. Results Over half (62.9%) stated that PT mainly addressed post-injury and return-to-sport rehabilitation. An overwhelming majority of players highlighted the use of an athletic trainer (AT) over physical therapists in injury prevention due to perceived expertise and trust. Conclusion While PTs are educated in preventive care and acute injury management, professional basketball players viewed their role primarily for return-to-sport rehabilitation. The organizational structure of healthcare in professional basketball may promote closer professional relationships with ATs while limiting those with physical therapists. The result is that elite athletes may miss out on treatment specific to the PT profession. Level of Evidence Level 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Marks
- Physical Therapy and Human Movement Science Northwestern University
| | - Carol A Courtney
- Physical Therapy and Human Movement Science Northwestern University
| | - William E Healey
- Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences Northwestern University
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Merrick N, Badenhorst M, Morgan A, Fortington L. Community perspectives on spinal cord injury in rugby union: facts and fears. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37650220 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2023.2253191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The sport of rugby union, henceforth rugby, is associated with a risk of spinal cord injury (SCI). Perceived risks can impact participation. Understanding community perspectives on rugby-related SCI may provide insight for addressing concerns around risk. The aim of this study was to explore community perspectives through social media discussion about SCI in rugby union. METHODS Posts about SCI in rugby union were identified using the advanced search function on Twitter. Data (content as original post, retweet, quote tweet and comments) were included if focused on Rugby Union and written in English. Inclusion dates (July 2018 to June 2019) were chosen to capture a period when several SCI (n = 4) occurred in community rugby in Australia. Data were analysed using a thematic approach. RESULTS Four themes were derived from the collected data. The 'pendulum swing' relates to the disparate views of rugby, from being overly cautious to too dangerous to play. The 'role of rugby culture' described engrained behaviours and attitudes on and off-field toward safety. 'Media influence' describes the emotive narrative used when reporting rugby-related SCI. 'After the injury' looks at expressions of sympathy and inspiration. These findings showed how individuals' views of SCI were influenced through rugby culture, trust in governing bodies and the news media. CONCLUSION By 'listening in' to community views, their most pertinent safety concerns can be addressed. Both facts and fears on rugby-related SCI were evident, and these extreme views can be balanced with evidence-based education and sensible risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Merrick
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Marelise Badenhorst
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ashlee Morgan
- School of Business and Law, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Lauren Fortington
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
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Horan D, Kelly S, Hägglund M, Blake C, Roe M, Delahunt E. Players', Head Coaches', And Medical Personnels' Knowledge, Understandings and Perceptions of Injuries and Injury Prevention in Elite-Level Women's Football in Ireland. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:64. [PMID: 37515647 PMCID: PMC10387024 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00603-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To manage injuries effectively, players, head coaches, and medical personnel need to have excellent knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours in relation to the identification of risk factors for injuries, the implementation of injury prevention initiatives, as well as the implementation of effective injury management strategies. Understanding the injury context, whereby specific personal, environmental, and societal factors can influence the implementation of injury prevention initiatives and injury management strategies is critical to player welfare. To date, no qualitative research investigating the context of injuries, has been undertaken in elite-level women's football. The aim of our study was to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of players, head coaches, and medical personnel in the Irish Women's National League (WNL) to injury prevention and injury management. METHODS We used qualitative research methods to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of players, head coaches, and medical personnel in the Irish WNL to injury prevention and injury management. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 17 players, 8 medical personnel, and 7 head coaches in the Irish WNL. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. Our study is located within an interpretivist, constructivist research paradigm. RESULTS The participants had incomplete knowledge of common injuries in elite-level football, and many held beliefs about risk factors for injuries, such as menstrual cycle stage, which lacked evidence to support them. Jumping and landing exercises were commonly used to reduce the risk of injuries but evidence-based injury prevention exercises and programmes such as the Nordic hamstring curl, Copenhagen adduction exercise, and the FIFA 11+ were rarely mentioned. Overall, there was dissatisfaction amongst players with their medical care and strength and conditioning (S & C) support, with resultant inadequate communication between players, head coaches, and medical personnel. CONCLUSION Poor quality and availability of medical care and S & C support were considered to be a major obstacle in the effective implementation of injury risk reduction strategies and successful return-to-sport practices. More original research is required in elite-level women's football to explore injury risk factors, injury prevention initiatives, and contextual return-to-sport strategies, so that players, head coaches, and medical personnel can use evidence that is both up-to-date and specific to their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Horan
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Sport, Leisure & Childhood Studies, Munster Technological University, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Seamus Kelly
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Martin Hägglund
- Football Research Group, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Catherine Blake
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark Roe
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eamonn Delahunt
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Cui J, Du H, Wu X. Data analysis of physical recovery and injury prevention in sports teaching based on wearable devices. Prev Med 2023; 173:107589. [PMID: 37364795 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Athletes can also cause damage to some parts of their body during training, so specialized preparation activities should be carried out before athlete training to reduce the damage caused to the athlete's body, allowing the stressed parts to move and distribute the load. Excessive recovery has a significant effect on improving the performance level of the athletes studied and preventing sports injuries. This article studies the data analysis of body recovery and injury prevention in physical education teaching based on wearable devices. Real time collection of students' exercise data, including indicators such as exercise volume, heart rate, steps, distance, etc., by wearing wearable devices. By using Internet of Things technology to transmit data to cloud servers, data analysis and mining techniques are used to process the data and study issues related to body recovery and injury prevention. Specifically, this article adopts methods such as time series analysis, machine learning algorithms, and artificial neural networks to analyze the relationship between exercise data and body recovery and injury prevention, providing scientific guidance and support for physical education teaching. This method can monitor students' exercise data in real-time, predict the risk of physical recovery and injury, and provide corresponding prevention and guidance suggestions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Cui
- Sport School of Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyi Du
- Sport School of Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangzhi Wu
- Sport School of Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China.
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Wall J, McGowan E, Meehan W, Wilson F. "Back pain is part of sport … I'm just gonna have to live with it": Exploring the lived experience of sport-related low back pain in adolescent athletes. Phys Ther Sport 2023; 62:71-78. [PMID: 37423050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the lived experience of adolescent athletes reporting an episode of sport-related low back pain (LBP), including effects on daily life, relationships with parent/guardians, teammates, and coaches with relation to LBP, experiences of management/treatment, and understanding of LBP. DESIGN Qualitative interviewing using online video conferencing platforms. PARTICIPANTS Athletes aged 10-19 years old who experienced low back pain within the year prior to interviewing. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Interview transcripts, Modified Oswestry Disability Index, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire. RESULTS Three main themes were developed 1) The culture of normalising LBP in sport negates safeguarding efforts aimed at protecting adolescent athletes against injury and pain 2) LBP changes how athletes are perceived and perceive themselves 3) LBP has broad effects on the well-being of adolescent athletes. CONCLUSIONS The lived experience of LBP for adolescent athletes is impacted by the culture of tolerance of pain and injury in sport. Further steps should be taken to implement safeguarding measures in a way that adequately protects adolescent athletes who experience pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Wall
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Emer McGowan
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - William Meehan
- The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Ireland
| | - Fiona Wilson
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Cornelissen MH, Kemler E, Baan A, van Nassau F. Mixed-methods process evaluation of the injury prevention Warming-up Hockey programme and its implementation. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2023; 9:e001456. [PMID: 37342787 PMCID: PMC10277536 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Warming-up Hockey (WUP) is an effective injury prevention programme to reduce acute field hockey injuries among youth. This paper describes the process evaluation of the nationwide scaling-up. We conducted a mixed-methods process evaluation from September 2019 to December 2020 according to the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework, focusing on the intervention and its implementation. We collected data through questionnaires, interviews and web/app analytics. Participants were trainers/coaches, technical/board members of hockey clubs (TBMs) and employees of the Royal Dutch Hockey Federation (KNHB). In total, 226 trainers/coaches (61 via WUP and 165 via training courses) and 14 TBMs filled in questionnaires. Ten individuals (four trainers/coaches, four TBMs and two KNHB employees) participated in semistructured interviews. The study showed the following results according to the RE-AIM framework. Reach: According to web/app analytics, 1492 new accounts were registered. Effectiveness: Overall, users were satisfied with WUP and the implementation strategies, and believed WUP could reduce field hockey injuries. Adoption: 63% of the trainers/coaches (enrolled via WUP) indicated they used WUP. Implementation: Most trainers/coaches did not use WUP during every training session or match. Most TBMs promoted WUP in their club. Implementation barriers included lack of integration with other training programmes, 'know-it-all' trainers, lack of supervision on WUP use and delayed start of implementation. Facilitators included perceived added value, information need on injury prevention in small clubs and tailored communication. Maintenance: Users planned to use WUP occasionally. The KNHB intended to integrate WUP in their newly developed Knowledge Platform. To conclude, WUP was evaluated as a useful programme, but adherence to WUP was challenging. Timely preparation and creating an implementation plan based on stakeholder input, including communication at key moments during the sports season and tailored communication, were found to be important during implementation. Findings can be useful for others planning to implement evidence-based injury prevention programmes on a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellen Kemler
- Dutch Consumer Safety Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anneloes Baan
- Dutch Consumer Safety Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Femke van Nassau
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Tabben M, Verhagen E, Warsen M, Chaabane M, Schumacher Y, Alkhelaifi K, Hassanmirzaei B, Bahr R, Chamari K, Bolling C. Obstacles and opportunities for injury prevention in professional football in Qatar: exploring the implementation reality. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2023; 9:e001370. [PMID: 36919121 PMCID: PMC10008252 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Research focusing on reducing the risk of injuries has increased over the last two decades showing that prevention implementation in real life is challenging. Objective To explore the experience and opinions of professional football stakeholders regarding injuries, their prevention and the implementation of preventive measures. Design Qualitative study. Setting Technical and medical staff from Qatar's premier football league. Participants 22 professionals from 6 teams. Main outcome Semistructured interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using the thematic analysis method. Results All the participants acknowledged the importance of injury prevention. They mentioned teamwork, trust and communication as critical factors for a successful injury prevention implementation. Teams' doctors see themselves mainly involved in the treatment and recovery process, and to a lesser degree, in the prevention process. Physiotherapists defined their primary responsibilities as screening for injury risk and providing individual exercises to players. The participants declared that the fitness coach is responsible for injury prevention implementation. All stakeholders reported that the fitness coach plays a vital role in communication by bridging the head coach and the medical staff. Stakeholders reported that the Qatari football league has a very particular context around the player, such as socioecological factors influencing injury prevention implementation. Conclusions The fitness coach plays a vital role in the injury prevention implementation system, as one of the key actors for the process, as well as the bridge between the medical team and the head coach, resulting from their better communication with the head coaches. The findings support considering and understanding the contextual factors during the development of preventive strategies in football.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montassar Tabben
- Aspetar Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marit Warsen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mokthar Chaabane
- Aspetar Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yorck Schumacher
- Aspetar Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Roald Bahr
- Aspetar Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Karim Chamari
- Aspetar Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Caroline Bolling
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Lucas D, Stokes K, McGuigan P, Hill J, Cazzola D. Consensus on a jockey's injury prevention framework for video analysis: a modified Delphi study. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2022; 8:e001441. [PMID: 36530598 PMCID: PMC9756174 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Professional horse racing is a high-risk and dangerous sport with a high incidence of falls and injuries. While falls in horse racing are considered somewhat inevitable and carry an inherent occupational risk, little is known about the actual mechanisms of jockey injuries. Establishing injury aetiology and mechanism is a fundamental step in informing the design and implementation of future injury prevention strategies. Despite the availability of horse racing video footage, the use of video analysis to examine injury mechanisms is an underused practice. Using an expert consensus-based approach, an industry expert steering committee was assembled to develop a framework for video analysis research in horse racing. The aim of the framework is to encourage and facilitate the use of video analysis in the sport and to ensure consistency and quality of future application. To achieve consensus, a systematic review and modified Delphi method study design was used. Responses of the steering committee to two open-ended questions regarding the risk factors of falls and injury were collated and combined with findings from a literature search strategy. Appropriate descriptors and definitions were then formulated that defined and described key features of a jockey fall in horse racing and grouped into six discrete phases of an inciting event. Each member of the steering committee then examined the framework of proposed descriptors and definitions and rated their level of agreement on the 5-point Likert scale. A consensus was achieved on a total of 73 horse racing-specific descriptors and 268 associated definitions. The framework outlined in this study provides a valuable starting point for further research and practice within this area, while the recommendations and implications documented aim to facilitate the practical application of video analysis in horse racing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daloni Lucas
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK,Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport (CHi2PS), University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Keith Stokes
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK,Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport (CHi2PS), University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Polly McGuigan
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK,Centre for the Analysis of Motion, Entertainment Research & Applications (CAMERA), University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Jerry Hill
- Medical Department, British Horseracing Authority, London, UK
| | - Dario Cazzola
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK,Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport (CHi2PS), University of Bath, Bath, UK,Centre for the Analysis of Motion, Entertainment Research & Applications (CAMERA), University of Bath, Bath, UK
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Green B, McClelland JA, Semciw AI, Schache AG, McCall A, Pizzari T. The Assessment, Management and Prevention of Calf Muscle Strain Injuries: A Qualitative Study of the Practices and Perspectives of 20 Expert Sports Clinicians. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2022; 8:10. [PMID: 35032233 PMCID: PMC8761182 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-021-00364-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Despite calf muscle strain injuries (CMSI) being problematic in many sports, there is a dearth of research to guide clinicians dealing with these injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the current practices and perspectives of a select group of international experts regarding the assessment, management and prevention of CMSI using in-depth semi-structured interviews. Results Twenty expert clinicians working in elite sport and/or clinician-researchers specialising in the field completed interviews. A number of key points emerged from the interviews. Characteristics of CMSI were considered unique compared to other muscle strains. Rigor in the clinical approach clarifies the diagnosis, whereas ongoing monitoring of calf capacity and responses to loading exposure provides the most accurate estimate of prognosis. Athlete intrinsic characteristics, injury factors and sport demands shaped rehabilitation across six management phases, which were guided by key principles to optimise performance at return to play (RTP) while avoiding subsequent injury or recurrence. To prevent CMSI, periodic monitoring is common, but practices vary and data are collected to inform load-management and exercise selection rather than predict future CMSI. A universal injury prevention program for CMSI may not exist. Instead, individualised strategies should reflect athlete intrinsic characteristics and sport demands. Conclusions Information provided by experts enabled a recommended approach to clinically evaluate CMSI to be outlined, highlighting the injury characteristics considered most important for diagnosis and prognosis. Principles for optimal management after CMSI were also identified, which involved a systematic approach to rehabilitation and the RTP decision. Although CMSI were reportedly difficult to prevent, on- and off-field strategies were implemented by experts to mitigate risk, particularly in susceptible athletes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40798-021-00364-0.
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21
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Barden DC, Thain DPK. Injury surveillance in English youth basketball: A 5-season cohort study to inform injury prevention strategies. Phys Ther Sport 2022; 58:34-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fagher K, Kunorozva L, Badenhorst M, Derman W, Kissick J, Verhagen E, Ahmed OH, Jederström M, Heron N, Khoshnood AM, Silva A, Kenttä G, Lexell J. Safe and Healthy Para sport project (SHAPE): a study protocol of a complex intervention within Para sport. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2022; 8:e001392. [PMID: 36101569 PMCID: PMC9422828 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Elite Para athletes report a high incidence of sports injuries, illnesses and other health issues. Despite this, there are few prevention programmes in Para sport, and many of the existing prevention programmes are not adapted to Para athletes. To improve the success of preventive measures, it has been suggested that sports safety work should facilitate health promotion, including athlete health education. Therefore, the overarching aim of this project is to evaluate an accessible health promotion web platform as part of a complex intervention that aims to improve knowledge of athlete health in Para sport. In this protocol, the development, future implementation and evaluation of the intervention are described. To inform the implementation and use of such interventions, it is recommended to involve end users in the development and implementation process. Therefore, a participatory design process, including athletes and the sports organisation, was used to develop an accessible health promotion web platform. To evaluate this complex intervention, a process evaluation combining quantitative evaluation assessing causal pathways with qualitative methods assessing multifaceted pathways will be used. The primary outcomes are injury/illness incidence, athlete health parameters, health literacy and user behaviour. A cohort of elite Para athletes (n=150) from Sweden and South Africa will be invited to participate. This project will be the first that aims to improve athlete health in Para sport through pragmatic and accessible health promotion. It is a boundary-crossing project that will be conducted in a real-world sport setting, including athletes with different socioeconomic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Fagher
- Department of Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Medicine Research Group, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lovemore Kunorozva
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- IOC Research Center, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Marelise Badenhorst
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wayne Derman
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- IOC Research Center, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - James Kissick
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University Medical Centers – Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Osman Hassan Ahmed
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
- The FA Centre for Disability Football Research, The Football Association, Burton Upon Trent, UK
| | - Moa Jederström
- Athletics Research Center, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Neil Heron
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, School of Medicine, Keele University, Belfast, UK
| | - Ardavan M Khoshnood
- Emergency Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andressa Silva
- Sports Training Center, School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Sports Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Göran Kenttä
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jan Lexell
- Department of Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Medicine Research Group, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Rees H, Matthews J, McCarthy Persson U, Delahunt E, Boreham C, Blake C. The knowledge and attitudes of field hockey athletes to injury, injury reporting and injury prevention: A qualitative study. J Sci Med Sport 2022; 25:820-827. [PMID: 35902308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Researchers have often struggled to successfully implement injury prevention strategies in real-world practice. This is despite such strategies proving successful in reducing overall injury incidence and burden. It has been hypothesised that this may be because the behavioural and contextual factors related to sports injury are not fully understood. Such factors stem from multiple key stakeholders, including the athlete. The primary aim of this study was to investigate athletes' knowledge and attitudes towards injury, injury reporting and prevention, as well as some of the barriers that may impact the future implementation of prevention strategies. DESIGN Qualitative; with semi-structured interviews following an interpretivist approach. METHODS Twenty-two field hockey athletes, playing in the top-tier Irish Hockey League were interviewed. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, with three general dimensions containing six higher-order themes. RESULTS The findings highlighted that athletes have a varied understanding of injury, which tends to improve with experience. The reporting of injuries by athletes to members of the coaching staff was relatively poor. This may be due to limited resources and supports available to athletes which also cause challenges to injury prevention. CONCLUSIONS Future injury prevention strategies in field hockey need to account for athletes' varied understanding of what constitutes an injury. Furthermore, policy changes to influence potential barriers to injury may assist in preventing or reducing the number of injuries being sustained by athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huw Rees
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland; Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - James Matthews
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland; Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ulrik McCarthy Persson
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland; Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eamonn Delahunt
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland; Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colin Boreham
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland; Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Blake
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland; Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland
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Ma L, Liu J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Yang C. Function of Perceived Corporate Social Responsibility in Safety of Sports Activities and Home Aerobic Equipment in the Late Period of COVID-19. Front Psychol 2022; 13:919254. [PMID: 35795447 PMCID: PMC9251432 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.919254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic has impacted various industries, including the sports industry. However, corporate social responsibility (CSR) can mitigate the adverse effects of the crisis and promote the sports industry. To analyze the effect of CSR, the study examined the impact of perceived corporate social responsibility on injury prevention expectation, injury risk perception, and health up-gradation with the mediation of sports safety measures. There are 259 sportsmen of local sports bodies provided the data through a self-administered survey. Data analysis was conducted through Smart-PLS and SEM techniques. The outcome of the analysis showed that perceived corporate social responsibility leads to injury prevention expectation, injury risk perception, and health up-gradation. Also, the study found that sports safety measure mediates the relationship between perceived corporate social responsibility and injury prevention expectation, between perceived corporate social responsibility and injury risk perception, and between perceived corporate social responsibility and health up-gradation among sportsmen of local sports bodies. The theoretical implications were presented related to the significance of CSR and sports safety measure and their impact on sportsmen injury prevention expectation, health, and risk perception. The practical implications were related to the management of local sports bodies and how they can induce CSR initiatives and programs. Some limitations related to sample size, incorporating other variables, examining the model in other contexts, and using different study designs, have also been mentioned in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Ma
- Physical Education Department, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Physical Education Department, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jiang Liu
| | - Yicheng Liu
- Intensive Care Unit, Neijiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Neijiang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Physical Education Department, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunmei Yang
- Physical Education Department, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
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25
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Li W, Kong X, Ma J. Effects of combat sports on cerebellar function in adolescents: a resting-state fMRI study. Br J Radiol 2022; 95:20210826. [PMID: 34918548 PMCID: PMC8822571 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20210826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of combat sports on cerebellar function in adolescents based on resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). METHODS Rs-fMRI data were acquired from the combat sports (CS) group (n = 32, aged 14.2 ± 1.1 years) and non-athlete healthy control (HC) group (n = 29, aged 14.8 ± 0.9 years). The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and functional connectivity (FC) within the cerebellum was calculated and then compared between the two groups. RESULTS None of these participants displayed intracranial lesions on conventional MRI and microhemorrhages on SWI. Compared with the HC group, the CS group showed decreased ALFF and ReHo in the bilateral cerebellum, mainly located in the inferior regions of the cerebellum (Cerebellum_8, Cerebellum_9, Cerebellum_7b, and Cerebellum_Crus2). While increased FC was found within the cerebellar network, mainly located in the superior regions near the midline (bilateral Cerebellum_6, Cerebellum_Crus1_R, and Vermis_6). There is no internetwork FC change between the CEN and other networks. CONCLUSION This study confirmed extensive effects of combat sports on cerebellar rs-fMRI in adolescents, which could enhance the understanding of cerebellar regulatory mechanism under combat conditions, and provide additional information about cerebellar protective inhibition and compensatory adaptation. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Adolescent combat participants are an ideal model to study training-induced brain plasticity and vulnerability. Relative to task-related fMRI, rs-fMRI can bring more information about cerebellar regulation and explain the Central Governor Model more comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital Of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xin Kong
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Bonell Monsonís O, Verhagen E, Kaux JF, Bolling C. 'I always considered I needed injury prevention to become an elite athlete': the road to the Olympics from the athlete and staff perspective. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2021; 7:e001217. [PMID: 34950504 PMCID: PMC8650470 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we explored the perspectives about sports injury prevention of Belgium Olympic level athletes, coaches, managers and healthcare providers from various Olympic sports. We conducted a qualitative study, including 17 semistructured interviews. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed by two independent coders through constant comparative data analysis based on Grounded Theory principles. Our findings overview the athlete's journey to becoming an elite athlete, and how an elite sports context influences and modulates injury prevention practice at this level. Participants described an elite athletic career as a continuous and adaptive evolving process. According to athletes and all stakeholders, sports injury prevention is a learning process shaped by individual experiences. This embodiment provides athletes with insight into the importance of ownership of their bodies and self-awareness. Thus, experience, communication, empowerment, knowledge, education, the elite athlete context and sports culture, all play a fundamental role in sports injury prevention. Our findings support the importance of contextual factors in sports injury prevention in an elite sports context. These results also bring practical implications on how we should approach injury prevention differently along an athlete's journey to becoming an elite athlete. Considering specific contextual factors and influencing the process through awareness, communication and a shared responsibility is essential to develop a healthy and successful athlete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Bonell Monsonís
- Department of Movement Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University Medical Centres – Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jean-Francois Kaux
- Physical Rehabilitation Medicine and Sports Traumatology Department, SportS2, University of Liège and University Hospital of Liège, French-speaking Research Network for Athlete Health Protection & Performance (ReFORM), Liège, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bolling
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University Medical Centres – Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Mitra TP, Djerboua M, Mahmood S, Staudt S, Nettel‐Aguirre A, Russell K, Caird JK, Chisholm D, Lane C, Emery CA, Hagel BE. The evaluation of a risky behavior tool in novice pediatric skiers and snowboarders. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatum Priyambada Mitra
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- MD program Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
- ICES Queen's Queen's University Kingston ON Canada
| | | | - Sheharzad Mahmood
- Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Sebastiaan Staudt
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Alberto Nettel‐Aguirre
- Centre for Health and Social Analytics, National Institute for Applied Statistics Research School of Mathematics and Applied Statistics, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences University of Wollongong Wollongong New South Wales Australia
| | - Kelly Russell
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada
| | - Jeff K. Caird
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- O’Brien Institute of Public Health University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- Department of Psychology University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
| | - Dirk Chisholm
- Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
- WinSport Calgary AB Canada
| | | | - Carolyn A. Emery
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- O’Brien Institute of Public Health University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
| | - Brent E. Hagel
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- ICES Queen's Queen's University Kingston ON Canada
- Centre for Health and Social Analytics, National Institute for Applied Statistics Research School of Mathematics and Applied Statistics, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences University of Wollongong Wollongong New South Wales Australia
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada
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28
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Choe JP, Kim JS, Park JH, Yoo E, Lee JM. When Do Individuals Get More Injured? Relationship between Physical Activity Intensity, Duration, Participation Mode, and Injury. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:10855. [PMID: 34682598 PMCID: PMC8536034 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study examines the association between physical activity (PA) participation modes (i.e., family, friends, club members, and alone), PA volumes (i.e., intensity and duration), gender, and injury. A total of 9000 Koreans aged 10-89 years participated in the Korean Survey of Citizens' Sports Participation project. However, participants who did not respond to a question regarding PA participation modes (n = 2429) and those under 18 years old (n = 489) were excluded from this study. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the groups' characteristics and the association between PA participation modes and injury was demonstrated by conducting multinomial logistic regression analysis. The risk of injury was significantly higher in the friend and club member groups than in the alone group. In addition, PA intensity and gender were critical risk factors of injury, while PA duration showed no significant results. The results indicated a strong association between PA participation modes, PA intensity, gender, and injury, and an interesting finding is that more injuries derived from a higher intensity of PA, not from a longer duration of PA. Therefore, this present study directly documented that considerable attention should be placed on the factors that affect injuries, such as gender and PA intensity, to prevent unpredictable injury and encourage potential participants to exercise with diverse participation modes and appropriate intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Pil Choe
- Global Campus, Graduate School of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17014, Korea; (J.-P.C.); (J.-S.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Global Campus, Graduate School of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17014, Korea; (J.-P.C.); (J.-S.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Jeong-Hui Park
- Global Campus, Graduate School of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17014, Korea; (J.-P.C.); (J.-S.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Eunhye Yoo
- Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- Global Campus, Graduate School of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17014, Korea; (J.-P.C.); (J.-S.K.); (J.-H.P.)
- Sports Science Research Center, Global Campus, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17014, Korea
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29
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Verhagen E, Warsen M, Silveira Bolling C. 'I JUST WANT TO RUN': how recreational runners perceive and deal with injuries. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2021; 7:e001117. [PMID: 34631146 PMCID: PMC8477337 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Running injuries impact the health gains achieved through running and are linked to drop-out from this otherwise healthy activity. The need for effective prevention is apparent, however, implementation of preventive measures implies a change in runners’ behaviour. This exploratory qualitative study aimed to explore Dutch recreational runners’ perception on injuries, injury occurrence and prevention. An interpretative paradigm underpins this study. We conducted 12 individual semistructured interviews with male (n=6) and female runners (n=6). Through a constant comparative data analysis, we developed a conceptual model to illustrate the final product of the analysis and represent the main themes’ connection. We present a framework that describes the pathway from load to injury and the self-regulatory process controlling this pathway. Runners mentioned that pain is not necessarily an injury, and they usually continue running. Once complaints become unmanageable and limit the runner’s ability to participate, an injury was perceived. Based on our outcomes, we recommend that preventive strategies focus on the self-regulation by which runners manage their complaints and injuries—providing information, advice and programmes that support the runner to make well-informed, effective decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University Medical Centers - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marit Warsen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University Medical Centers - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Silveira Bolling
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University Medical Centers - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Kossman MK, McCrae AJ, Pryor RR, Frank SC, Hayford R, Logan PC, Moakley MG, Register-Mihalik JK, Kerr ZY. Barriers and Facilitators Faced by Athletic Trainers Implementing National Athletic Trainers' Association Inter-Association Task Force Preseason Heat-Acclimatization Guidelines in US High School Football Players. J Athl Train 2021; 56:816-828. [PMID: 33150946 DOI: 10.4085/321-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The aim of the National Athletic Trainers' Association Inter-Association Task Force (NATA-IATF) preseason heat-acclimatization guidelines was to acclimatize high school athletes to the environment during the first 2 weeks of the preseason and reduce the risk of exertional heat illness. OBJECTIVE To identify barriers and facilitators that high school athletic trainers (ATs) encountered when implementing the NATA-IATF guidelines. DESIGN Qualitative study. SETTING Individual phone interviews with all participants. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Thirty-three ATs (16 men, 17 women; age = 36.0 ± 12.0 years, athletic training experience = 12.9 ± 10.5 years) representing 19 states (4 with state mandates) were interviewed before data saturation was achieved. Participants were purposefully sampled from a larger investigation based on stratification of US Census region and preidentified high school compliance with the NATA-IATF guidelines. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) A cross-sectional, semistructured phone interview (6 steps) was conducted with each participant and then transcribed verbatim. A 7-person research team (5 coders, 2 auditors) coded the data into themes and categories, focusing on consensus of data placement to reduce bias and ensure accuracy. RESULTS Facilitators and barriers that influenced successful guideline implementation were (1) perceived stakeholder access, (2) perceived stakeholder role, (3) capability and capacity, (4) school culture, (5) logistical support, (6) resources, (7) physical environment, and (8) consistency of the guidelines. Overall, participants discussed facilitators and barriers within each category based on their experiences and circumstances. CONCLUSIONS Athletic trainers faced numerous concerns regarding compliance with the NATA-IATF preseason heat-acclimatization guidelines. Multiple levels of influence should be targeted to improve implementation. These include intrapersonal factors by giving ATs the education and self-efficacy to support advocacy for implementation, interpersonal components by establishing strong collaborative networks for change, community and environmental factors by optimizing school culture and community resources for implementation, and policy aspects by establishing consistent guidelines across all bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Kay Kossman
- School of Health Professions, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg
| | - Andrew J McCrae
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Riana R Pryor
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, SUNY, University at Buffalo, NY
| | - Simone C Frank
- Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Ryan Hayford
- Hussman School of Journalism and Media, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Paige C Logan
- Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Margaret G Moakley
- Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | | - Zachary Y Kerr
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Vallio CS, de Oliveira GM, Mota GAK, Lopes AD, Hespanhol L. RunIn3: the development process of a running-related injury prevention programme. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2021; 7:e001051. [PMID: 34306726 PMCID: PMC8268886 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Running is an important type of exercise to keep people physically active. However, running also carries a risk of developing running-related injuries (RRI). Therefore, effective and evidence-based RRI prevention programmes are desirable, but are scarce in practice. An approach to face this problem might be the application of methods to develop RRI prevention programmes based on theories of behaviour change. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to develop an RRI prevention programme based on perspectives of behavioural and social science theories, as well as taking a framework development approach. METHODS This was a qualitative study using the Intervention Mapping (IM) framework held between February and March 2018 in São Paulo, Brazil. The participants were involved in running practice. The data collection was conducted during focus group meetings. The data analysis was based on semantic thematic approach using a content analysis orientation based on inductive reasoning. RESULTS The target population of the RRI prevention programme identified was 'adult recreational runners'. The objectives of the RRI prevention programme were established in two broad actions: (1) to provide feedback on individual training characteristics and RRI risk; and (2) provide/enhance knowledge, skills and self-efficacy on RRI preventive behaviours. The programme is aimed to be delivered through an online system. CONCLUSION An RRI prevention programme was developed using the IM framework and a participatory approach. The programme was named 'RunIn3', and it is based on providing feedback on running volume and RRI risk, as well as providing knowledge, skills and self-efficacy on RRI preventive behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Sain Vallio
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Martins de Oliveira
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovana Araujo Kretli Mota
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Dias Lopes
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luiz Hespanhol
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Public and Occupational Health (DPOH), Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute (APH), Amsterdam Universities Medical Centers, location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports (ACHSS), Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Universities Medical Centers, location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Barden C, Stokes KA, McKay CD. Utilising a Behaviour Change Model to Improve Implementation of the Activate Injury Prevention Exercise Programme in Schoolboy Rugby Union. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115681. [PMID: 34073218 PMCID: PMC8199066 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) is a behaviour change model showing promise in positively changing youth sport coaches’ injury prevention behaviours. This study incorporated the HAPA model into coach training workshops for Activate, an efficacious rugby injury prevention programme. Primary aims were to investigate the effect of the workshop on schoolboy rugby union coaches’ (1) perceptions towards injury risk and prevention, (2) Activate adoption and adherence. Secondary aims were to (3) assess the differences in post-season HAPA constructs between workshop attendees and non-attendees, (4) explore associations between HAPA constructs and Activate adherence. In the pre-season, all participants (n = 76) completed a baseline survey, with 41 coaches electing to attend a workshop. Participants completed a post-season survey assessing HAPA constructs and Activate adoption and adherence throughout the season. The workshop did not affect coach perceptions of injury risk and prevention. Attendees had significantly greater rates of Activate adoption (95% vs. 54% χ2 = 17.42, p < 0.01) and adherence (median = 2 sessions vs. ≤1 session per week; z = 3.45, p = 0.03) than non-attendees. At post-season, attendees had significantly greater task self-efficacy (z = −3.46, p < 0.05) and intention (z = −4.33, p < 0.05) to use Activate. These results support the delivery of coach workshops that utilise a behaviour change model to maximise programme implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Barden
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK; (K.A.S.); (C.D.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Keith A. Stokes
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK; (K.A.S.); (C.D.M.)
- Rugby Football Union, Twickenham TW2 7BA, UK
| | - Carly D. McKay
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK; (K.A.S.); (C.D.M.)
- Centre for Motivation and Health Behaviour Change, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
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Hespanhol L, Vallio CS, van Mechelen W, Verhagen E. Can we explain running-related injury preventive behavior? A path analysis. Braz J Phys Ther 2021; 25:601-609. [PMID: 34001423 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioral and social science theories/models have been gaining attention in sports injury prevention. OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential of the Theory of Planned Behavior in explaining running-related injury preventive behavior. METHODS Six-month prospective cohort study based on data gathered from a randomized controlled trial. From a total of 1512 invited trail runners, 232 were included in this study. Preventive behaviors and their determinants were assessed at baseline and two and six months after baseline. Five-point Likert scales were used to assess the determinants of preventive behavior. A Bayesian path analysis was conducted applying mixed models and mediation analysis. RESULTS A 1-point increase in intention, attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control predicted an increase of 54% (95% Bayesian credible interval [BCI]: 38, 71) in the rate of performing running-related injury preventive behavior, explaining 49% (R2 0.49; 95% BCI: 0.41, 0.56) of the variance around preventive behavior. Intention and perceived behavioral control predicted running-related injury preventive behavior directly, while 40% (95% BCI: 21, 61) and 44% (95% BCI: 20, 69) of the total effect of attitude was mediated by intention and perceived behavioral control, respectively. Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control predicted intention. CONCLUSIONS The Theory of Planned Behavior may have the potential to explain half of the variance around running-related injury preventive behavior and intention. Therefore, such theory may be considered a relevant and useful tool in developing, investigating, and/or implementing programs aimed at preventing running-related injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Hespanhol
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Public and Occupational Health (DPOH), Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute (APH), Amsterdam Universities Medical Centers, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports (ACHSS), Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Universities Medical Centers, location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Caio Sain Vallio
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health (DPOH), Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute (APH), Amsterdam Universities Medical Centers, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports (ACHSS), Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Universities Medical Centers, location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Center of Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health (DPOH), Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute (APH), Amsterdam Universities Medical Centers, Location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports (ACHSS), Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Universities Medical Centers, location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Parker J, Johnson U, Ivarsson A. Is Perceived Autonomy Support Provided by a Coach Related to the Intention of Injury Preventative Behavior Among National and International Level Golfers? Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:569590. [PMID: 33791597 PMCID: PMC8006294 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.569590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The successful implementation of injury prevention programs is reliant on athletes and coaches accepting, adopting, and complying with behaviors that reduce injury risk. Exploring factors, such as motivation and planned behavior, that might increase the frequency of these behaviors warrants investigation. The aim of the study was to investigate the complex interaction between perceived autonomy support, self-determined motivation, planned behavior, and how this relates to golfers self-reported intention injury preventative behavior. A total of 60 golfers completed questions on psychological measures of perceived autonomy support from coaches, autonomous motivation, and intentions of injury preventative behavior. A neural network model analysis was performed to investigate the strength of connection between covariates and construct a network structure. Analysis of results was performed by assessing edge strengths and node centrality to guide inference of the network topology. The most central node was autonomous regulation and the results showed one cluster comprising positive interactions between perceived autonomy support, effort of injury preventative behavior, and frequency of injury preventative behavior. When aiming to encourage injury preventative behavior, coaches should consider giving feedback that supports autonomous motivation since it is positively associated with effort and frequency of injury preventative behavior among high-level golfers. Injury prevention programs should include strategies to improve the athlete's autonomous motivation to carry out preventive activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Parker
- Center of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Urban Johnson
- Center of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Andreas Ivarsson
- Center of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
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Barros PM, Vallio CS, Oliveira GMD, Miyamoto GC, Hespanhol L. Cost-effectiveness and implementation process of a running-related injury prevention program (RunIn3): Protocol of a randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2021; 21:100726. [PMID: 33553800 PMCID: PMC7859311 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Running is one of the most popular and accessible physical activities in the world. However, running-related injuries are unfortunately very common. Scientific evidence is limited and scarce regarding (cost-)effectiveness and implementation process of interventions for running-related injuries prevention. Thus, the objective of this study will be to investigate the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and implementation process of a running-related injury prevention program (RunIn3). Methods This is the protocol of a pragmatic hybrid type 1 randomized controlled trial. There will be 530 runners over 18 years old, without running-related injuries in the last 3 months from São Paulo, Brazil. This program will be delivered online with two broad actions: (1) to provide feedback on individual training characteristics and running-related injury risk; and (2) providing/enhancing knowledge, skills and self-efficacy on running-related injury preventive behaviors. The primary outcome will be the proportion of runners reporting running-related injuries. The secondary outcomes will be preventive behaviors, direct and indirect costs, and implementation outcomes. The main effectiveness analysis on the primary outcome will be performed using linear probability mixed models in order to allow outcome changes over time and to yield the absolute risk reduction between-groups. Discussion The main hypothesis of this study is that the RunIn3 program will be effective in reducing the running-related injury risk and in promoting preventive behavior, either by increasing the frequency of healthy behaviors or by reducing the frequency of risk behaviors. Moreover, if the RunIn3 program is effective in reducing the running-related injuries risk, we believe that this effect would go alongside with a reduction of societal costs. Trail registration Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03892239) Registered 5 February 2019 - Prospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03892239.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Marinelli Barros
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Sain Vallio
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gisela C. Miyamoto
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Hespanhol
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Public and Occupational Health (DPOH), Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute (APH), Amsterdam Universities Medical Centers, location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam (VUmc), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports (ACHSS), Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Universities Medical Centers, location VU University Medical Center Amsterdam (VUmc), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Corresponding author. Master's and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil. Rua Cesário Galeno, 448 - Tatuapé, São Paulo, SP, CEP 03071-000, Brazil.
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Dickson TJ, Terwiel FA. Injury trends in alpine skiing and a snowboarding over the decade 2008-09 to 2017-18. J Sci Med Sport 2020; 24:1055-1060. [PMID: 33384220 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This research explores snowsport injury trends in western Canadian resorts over the decade 2008-2018. DESIGN Ecological study. METHODS Injury and participation data on alpine skiing and snowboarding was provided by the Canada West Ski Areas Association for 2008-2018. Inclusion criteria were met by 29 of 52 resorts, resulting in the analysis of 107,540 injury reports via SPSS 24, using descriptive statistics and chi-squared analysis. RESULTS Over the decade: there was a gradual decline in the injury rate, averaging 2.24 injuries per 1000 skier days. Male snowboarders accounted for 1/3 of all injured participants, females were 42% of all. Day-ticket holders were the most injured of all customer-types, with most injuries occurring as the result of falls on marked, green/easiest terrain. For skiers, injuries to lower limbs, and especially knees, were most common. For snowboarders, upper limb injuries, especially wrists, were most common. 12.8% of the injured population required emergency transport. Advanced slopes/terrain had the highest proportion requiring emergency transport. Fewer skiers experienced head injuries than snowboarders. Snowboarders experienced a higher proportion of serious injuries. CONCLUSIONS Snowsport injuries are relatively rare when compared to other sports. Skiers were most prone to knee injuries and snowboarders to wrist injuries. Emergency transport was proportionally needed more from advanced slopes/terrain. Further research is needed into why and how participants make decisions around risk. Future injury prevention strategies should be evaluated in light of potential risk factors such as, social determinants of injury, fall mechanisms, changing participation patterns, age, snowsport discipline, and legal cannabis use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey J Dickson
- University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University Avenue, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
| | - F Anne Terwiel
- Faculty of Adventure, Culinary Arts and Tourism Thompson Rivers University, Box 3010, Kamloops, BC, Canada
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37
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Athlete health protection: Why qualitative research matters. J Sci Med Sport 2020; 23:898-901. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Edouard P, Ford KR. Great Challenges Toward Sports Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation. Front Sports Act Living 2020; 2:80. [PMID: 33345071 PMCID: PMC7739591 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2020.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Edouard
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Science (LIBM EA 7424), University of Lyon, University Jean Monnet, Saint Etienne, France.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Kevin R Ford
- Department of Physical Therapy, Congdon School of Health Sciences, High Point University, High Point, NC, United States
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Gabriel EH, McCann RS, Hoch MC. Use of Social or Behavioral Theories in Exercise-Related Injury Prevention Program Research: A Systematic Review. Sports Med 2020; 49:1515-1528. [PMID: 31187453 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01127-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of social or behavioral theories within exercise-related injury prevention program (ERIPP) research may lead to a better understanding of why adherence to the programs is low and inform the development of interventions to improve program adherence. There is a need to determine which theories have been used within the literature and at what level theory was used to further the field. OBJECTIVE To determine which social or behavioral science theories have been incorporated within ERIPP research and assess the level at which the theories were used. The key question guiding the search was "What social or behavioral theories have been used within ERIPP research?" METHODS A systematic review of the literature was completed with an appraisal of bias risk using a custom critical appraisal tool. An electronic search of EBSCOhost (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Medline, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection) and PubMed was completed from inception to October 2018. Studies investigating attitudes towards ERIPP participation with the use of a social or behavioral theoretical model or framework were eligible for inclusion. RESULTS The electronic search returned 7482 results and two articles were identified though a hand search, which resulted in ten articles meeting inclusion criteria. Four different behavioral or social theoretical models or frameworks were identified including the health action process approach model, health belief model, self-determination theory, and theory of planned behavior. Six studies utilized the theory at a B level meaning a theoretical construct was measured while four utilized the theory at the C level meaning the theory was tested. The mean critical appraisal score was 78%, indicating a majority of the studies were higher quality. CONCLUSION There has been an increase in the use of theory within literature that is specific to ERIPP participation. Additionally, the use of theory has shifted from guiding program design to the measurement of theoretical constructs and testing of the theoretical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily H Gabriel
- College of Health Professions, Mercer University, Macon, GA, 31207, USA.
| | - Ryan S McCann
- School of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA
| | - Matthew C Hoch
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
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Barberis N, Calaresi D, Gugliandolo MC. Relationships among Trait EI, Need Fulfilment, and Performance Strategies. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2019; 4:jfmk4030050. [PMID: 33467365 PMCID: PMC7739343 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk4030050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Performance strategies used in sport have been the focus of many sport enhancement interventions, and are considered important factors for describing behavior in sport. Several studies have shown that both trait emotion intelligence (trait EI) and satisfaction of basic needs in sport are relevant aspects of performance strategies used by athletes; however, it seems these two aspects were never tested concurrently, in an integrated framework. The aim of this study was to test a mediational model of psychological basic needs in the relationship between trait EI and performance strategies in sports. In a sample of 187 participants, aged between 16 and 25 years old (Mage = 20.55; SD = 3.39), instruments were administered to measure trait EI, satisfaction of basic needs, and performance strategies in sport. Results of this study showed that trait EI was related to performance strategies in sport and to satisfaction of basic needs, as well as that satisfaction of basic needs was related to performance strategies in sport. Furthermore, satisfaction of basic needs has shown a mediational role in the relation between trait EI and performance strategies in sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Barberis
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Danilo Calaresi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Gugliandolo
- Department of Human, Social and Health Sciences, University of Cassino and South Latium, 03100 Cassino, Italy
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41
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Bolling C, van Mechelen W, Pasman HR, Verhagen E. Context Matters: Revisiting the First Step of the 'Sequence of Prevention' of Sports Injuries. Sports Med 2019; 48:2227-2234. [PMID: 29956077 PMCID: PMC6132444 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-018-0953-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It is possible to prevent sports injuries. Unfortunately, the demonstrated efficacy and effectiveness of injury prevention approaches are not translated into lasting real-world effects. Contemporary views in sports medicine and injury prevention suggest that sports injuries are ‘complex’ phenomena. If the problem we aim to prevent is complex, then the first step in the ‘sequence of prevention’ that defines the ‘injury problem’ already needs to have considered this. The purpose of this paper is to revisit the first step of the ‘sequence of prevention’, and to explore new perspectives that acknowledge the complexity of the sports injury problem. First, this paper provides a retrospective of the ‘sequence of prevention’, acknowledging contemporary views on sports injuries and their prevention. Thereafter, from the perspective of the socioecological model, we demonstrate the need for taking into account the complex nature of sports injuries in the first step. Finally, we propose an alternative approach to explore and understand injury context through qualitative research methods. A better understanding of the injury problem in context will guide more context-sensitive studies, thus providing a new perspective for sports injury prevention research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bolling
- Amsterdam Collaboration for Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- Amsterdam Collaboration for Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - H Roeline Pasman
- Amsterdam Collaboration for Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration for Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Verhagen E, van Nassau F. Implementation science to reduce the prevalence and burden of MSK disorders following sport and exercise-related injury. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2019; 33:188-201. [PMID: 31431272 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Although safety in sports and physical activity is an important prerequisite for continuing participation and maintenance of a healthy, physically active lifestyle, to date little effort has been placed upon moving evidence into preventive practice. Amongst researchers it is still often assumed that a program will disseminate itself after proven to be effective. Recently, however, there has been an increased recognition of the importance of theory-driven approaches to enhance implementation research. This manuscript aims to provide guidance for sports and physical activity injury researchers and practitioners to perform implementation research and practice. First, we will discuss the differences between research questions across the research spectrum and explain the 'drop' in effect when moving controlled evidence to a practical context. We will discuss two ways of increasing real-world effectiveness of preventive programs, i.e. through targeting the users' behaviour or through revising the intervention. Finally, we will present various implementation frameworks and tools that can guide the reader in their own efforts towards implementation practice and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, NL-1081 BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Femke van Nassau
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, NL-1081 BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Abstract
Participation in sport and recreation has important positive implications for public health across the lifespan; however, the burden of sport-related musculoskeletal injury is significant, with the greatest risk being in youth and young adults. Moving upstream to primary prevention of injury is a public health priority that will have significant implications for reducing the long-term consequences of musculoskeletal injury including early post-traumatic osteoarthritis. The primary targets for the prevention of musculoskeletal injury in sport include neuromuscular training (NMT), rule modification, and equipment recommendations. Currently, there is significant high-quality evidence to support the widespread use of NMT warm up programs in team and youth sport, with an expected significant impact of reducing the risk of musculoskeletal injury by over 35%. Policy disallowing body checking in youth ice hockey has led to a >50% reduction in injuries, and rules limiting contact practice in youth American football has significant potential for injury prevention. There is evidence to support the use of bracing and taping in elite sport to reduce the risk of recurrent ankle sprain injury but not for use to prevent the primary injury, and wrist guards are protective of sprain injuries in snowboarding. Future research examining the maintenance of NMT programs across real-world sport and school settings, optimization of adherence, additional benefit of workload modification, and evaluation of rule changes in other sports is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A Emery
- Chair Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N1N4, Canada.
| | - Kati Pasanen
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N1N4, Canada.
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Abstract
Youth have very high participation and injury rates across sport and recreational activities, including in adventure and extreme sports. Sport and recreation is the leading cause of injury in youth and may lead to lower levels of physical activity, higher adiposity, and long-term consequences such as overweight/obesity, post-traumatic osteoarthritis, and post-concussion syndrome which can adversely affect future health. Injuries are predictable and preventable in youth sport, including adventure and extreme sport. However, injury prevention strategies can have a significant impact in reducing the number and severity of injuries in many sports. This article provides an evidence-informed overview on what is known about injury prevention strategies which have been evaluated in youth adventure and extreme sports. Recommendations to contribute to effective and sustainable injury prevention in youth adventure and extreme sports have been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A Emery
- a Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology and Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada
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45
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Bolling C, Delfino Barboza S, van Mechelen W, Pasman HR. How elite athletes, coaches, and physiotherapists perceive a sports injury. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bolling
- Amsterdam Collaboration for Health & Safety in Sports, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Saulo Delfino Barboza
- Amsterdam Collaboration for Health & Safety in Sports, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- Amsterdam Collaboration for Health & Safety in Sports, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Cape Town; Cape Town South Africa
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Sciences; University College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences; University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - H. Roeline Pasman
- Amsterdam Collaboration for Health & Safety in Sports, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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46
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Vriend I, Gouttebarge V, Finch CF, van Mechelen W, Verhagen EALM. Intervention Strategies Used in Sport Injury Prevention Studies: A Systematic Review Identifying Studies Applying the Haddon Matrix. Sports Med 2018; 47:2027-2043. [PMID: 28303544 PMCID: PMC5603636 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-017-0718-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevention of sport injuries is crucial to maximise the health and societal benefits of a physically active lifestyle. To strengthen the translation and implementation of the available evidence base on effective preventive measures, a range of potentially relevant strategies should be considered. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to identify and categorise intervention strategies for the prevention of acute sport injuries evaluated in the scientific literature, applying the Haddon matrix, and identify potential knowledge gaps. METHODS Five electronic databases were searched (PubMed, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Cochrane) for studies that evaluated the effect of interventions on the occurrence of acute sport injuries. Studies were required to include a control group/condition, prospective data collection, and a quantitative injury outcome measure. RESULTS A total of 155 studies were included, mostly randomised controlled trials (43%). The majority of studies (55%) focussed on strategies requiring a behavioural change on the part of athletes. Studies predominantly evaluated the preventive effect of various training programmes targeted at the 'pre-event' phase (n = 73) and the use of equipment to avoid injury in the 'event phase' (n = 29). A limited number of studies evaluated the preventive effect of strategies geared at rules and regulations (n = 14), and contextual modifications (n = 18). Studies specifically aimed at preventing re-injuries were a minority (n = 8), and were mostly related to ankle sprains (n = 5). CONCLUSIONS Valuable insight into the extent of the evidence base of sport injury prevention studies was obtained for 20 potential intervention strategies. This approach can be used to monitor potential gaps in the knowledge base on sport injury prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Vriend
- Department of Public and Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, IOC Research Center, AMC/VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Consumer Safety Institute VeiligheidNL, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Gouttebarge
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, IOC Research Center, AMC/VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Consumer Safety Institute VeiligheidNL, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Caroline F Finch
- Australian Collaboration for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, IOC Research Center, AMC/VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Evert A L M Verhagen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, IOC Research Center, AMC/VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. .,Australian Collaboration for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia.
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47
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Jäger M, Mayer C, Hefter H, Siebler M, Kecskeméthy A. [Big data and deep learning in preventive and rehabilitation medicine]. DER ORTHOPADE 2018; 47:826-833. [PMID: 30039466 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-018-3603-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The digitalization in medicine has led to almost universal availability of information to different healthcare professionals and accelerated clinical pathways. Fast-track concepts and short hospital stays require intelligent and practicable systems in preventive and rehabilitation medicine. This includes optimization of movement analysis by innovative tools such as detectors sensing skin movements, portable feedback systems for monitoring, robot-assisted devices, and prevention programs based on reliable data. Finally, clinical structures are needed to exploit the maximal potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning. One example is the establishment of inter- and transdisciplinary professional teams such as a RehaBoard. In contrast to other cost-intensive disciplines such as oncology, the introduction of AI into rehabilitation orthopedics and trauma surgery with the support of cross-sectoral cooperation has great potential for performing well in patient benefit-orientated competition (value-based competition).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jäger
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45274, Essen, Deutschland.
| | - C Mayer
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45274, Essen, Deutschland
| | - H Hefter
- Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - M Siebler
- Neurologie, MediClin Fachklinik Rhein/Ruhr, Essen, Deutschland
| | - A Kecskeméthy
- Lehrstuhl für Mechanik und Robotik, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Deutschland
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Working towards More Effective Implementation, Dissemination and Scale-Up of Lower-Limb Injury-Prevention Programs: Insights from Community Australian Football Coaches. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15020351. [PMID: 29462913 PMCID: PMC5858420 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Disseminating lower-limb injury-prevention exercise programs (LL-IPEPs) with strategies that effectively reach coaches across sporting environments is a way of preventing lower-limb injuries (LLIs) and ensuring safe and sustainable sport participation. The aim of this study was to explore community-Australian Football (community-AF) coaches' perspectives on the strategies they believed would enhance the dissemination and scale-up of LL-IPEPs. Using a qualitative multiple case study design, semi-structured interviews with community-AF coaches in Victoria, Australia, were conducted. Overall, coaches believed a range of strategies were important including: coach education, policy drivers, overcoming potential problem areas, a 'try before you buy approach', presenting empirical evidence and guidelines for injury-prevention exercise programs (IPEPs), forming strategic collaboration and working in partnership, communication and social marketing, public meetings, development of a coach hotline, and targeted multi-focused approaches. A shift to a culture whereby evidence-based IPEP practices in community-AF will take time, and persistent commitment by all involved in the sport is important. This will support the creation of strategies that will enhance the dissemination and scale-up of LL-IPEPs across community sport environments. The focus of research needs to continue to identify effective, holistic and multi-level interventions to support coaches in preventing LLIs. This could lead to the determination of successful strategies such as behavioural regulation strategies and emotional coping resources to implement LL-IPEPs into didactic curricula and practice. Producing changes in practice will require attention to which strategies are a priority and the most effective.
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Verhagen E, Bolling C. We dare to ask new questions. Are we also brave enough to change our approaches? TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports & Department of Public and Occupational Health; Amsterdam Movement Science; VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention; Federation University; Ballarat VIC Australia
- UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM); Department of Human Biology; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Capetown; Capetown South Africa
| | - C. Bolling
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports & Department of Public and Occupational Health; Amsterdam Movement Science; VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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50
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