1
|
Rücker T, Schupp N, Sprang F, Horsten T, Wittgens B, Waldvogel SR. Peroxodicarbonate - a renaissance of an electrochemically generated green oxidizer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7136-7147. [PMID: 38912960 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02501f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The direct anodic conversion of alkali carbonates in aqueous media provides access to peroxodicarbonate, which is a safe to use and green oxidizer. Although first reports date back around 150 years, its low concentrations and limited thermal stability have consigned this reagent to oblivion. Boron-doped diamond anodes, novel electrolyser concepts for heat dissipation, and the mixed cation trick allow record breaking peroxodicarbonate concentrations >900 mM. The electrochemical generation of peroxodicarbonate was already demonstrated on a pilot scale. The inherent safety is ensured by the limited stability of the peroxodicarbonate solution, which decomposes under ambient conditions to oxygen and facilitates subsequent downstream processing. This peroxide has, in particular at higher concentrations, an unusual reactivity and seems to be an ideal reagent when peroxo-equivalents in combination with alkaline base are required. The conversions with peroxodicarbonate include the Dakin reaction, epoxidation, oxidation of amines (aliphatic and aromatic) and sulfur compounds, deborolative hydroxylation reactions, and many more. Since the base equivalents also represent the makeup chemical for pulping plants, peroxodicarbonate is an ideal reagent for the selective degradation of lignin to vanillin. Moreover, peroxodicarbonate can be used as a halogen-free bleaching agent. The emerging electrogeneration and use of this green platform oxidizer are surveyed for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Rücker
- Process Technology, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Niclas Schupp
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Fiona Sprang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Tomas Horsten
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | | | - Siegfried R Waldvogel
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Majeed A, Zafar A, Mushtaq Z, Iqbal MA. Advances in gold catalyzed synthesis of quinoid heteroaryls. RSC Adv 2024; 14:21047-21064. [PMID: 38962094 PMCID: PMC11220603 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03368j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This review explores recent advancements in synthesizing quinoid heteroaryls, namely quinazoline and quinoline, vital in chemistry due to their prevalence in natural products and pharmaceuticals. It emphasizes the rapid, highly efficient, and economically viable synthesis achieved through gold-catalyzed cascade protocols. By investigating methodologies and reaction pathways, the review underscores exceptional yields attainable in the synthesis of quinoid heteroaryls. It offers valuable insights into accessing these complex structures through efficient synthetic routes. Various strategies, including cyclization, heteroarylation, cycloisomerization, cyclo-condensation, intermolecular and intramolecular cascade reactions, are covered, highlighting the versatility of gold-catalyzed approaches. The comprehensive compilation of different synthetic approaches and elucidation of reaction mechanisms contribute to a deeper understanding of the field. This review paves the way for future advancements in synthesizing quinoid heteroaryls and their applications in drug discovery and materials science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Zafar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
| | - Zanira Mushtaq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
- Organometallic and Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Masand VH, Al-Hussain S, Alzahrani AY, Al-Mutairi AA, Sultan Alqahtani A, Samad A, Alafeefy AM, Jawarkar RD, Zaki MEA. Unveiling dynamics of nitrogen content and selected nitrogen heterocycles in thrombin inhibitors: a ceteris paribus approach. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38898679 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2024.2368743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the progress in comprehending molecular design principles and biochemical processes associated with thrombin inhibition, there is a crucial need to optimize efforts and curtail the recurrence of synthesis-testing cycles. Nitrogen and N-heterocycles are key features of many anti-thrombin drugs. Hence, a pragmatic analysis of nitrogen and N-heterocycles in thrombin inhibitors is important throughout the drug discovery pipeline. In the present work, the authors present an analysis with a specific focus on understanding the occurrence and distribution of nitrogen and selected N-heterocycles in the realm of thrombin inhibitors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A dataset comprising 4359 thrombin inhibitors is used to scrutinize various categories of nitrogen atoms such as ring, non-ring, aromatic, and non-aromatic. In addition, selected aromatic and aliphatic N-heterocycles have been analyzed. RESULTS The analysis indicates that ~62% of thrombin inhibitors possess five or fewer nitrogen atoms. Substituted N-heterocycles have a high occurrence, like pyrrolidine (23.24%), pyridine (20.56%), piperidine (16.10%), thiazole (9.61%), imidazole (7.36%), etc. in thrombin inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS The majority of active thrombin inhibitors contain nitrogen atoms close to 5 and a combination of N-heterocycles like pyrrolidine, pyridine, piperidine, etc. This analysis provides crucial insights to optimize the transformation of lead compounds into potential anti-thrombin inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay H Masand
- Department of Chemistry, Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati, India
| | - Sami Al-Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Y Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Khalid University, Mohail Asser, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aamal A Al-Mutairi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Sultan Alqahtani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Samad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Ahmed M Alafeefy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA [UiTM], Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rahul D Jawarkar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Dr Rajendra Gode Institute of Pharmacy, Amravati, India
| | - Magdi E A Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dubey Y, Mansuri S, Kanvah S. Detecting labile heme and ferroptosis through 'turn-on' fluorescence and lipid droplet localization post Fe 2+ sensing. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:4962-4974. [PMID: 38687117 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00353e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Iron, a crucial biologically active ion essential for metabolic processes in living organisms, plays a vital role in biological functions, and imbalances in iron levels can lead to various diseases. In this study, we have developed two simple "turn-on" fluorescent probes, NOPy and NOCN, for the quick and selective detection of Fe2+ at nanomolar levels (LOD of 35 nM), accompanied by significant absorption and emission shifts, along with colorimetric demarcation. Both fluorophores exhibit an excellent "turn-on" emission response upon encountering Fe2+ in the cells. Flow cytometry and confocal fluorescence imaging studies demonstrate enhanced fluorescence signals in response to labile iron, efficiently detecting heme during erastin-induced ferroptosis. Interestingly, we also observed that the product formed after Fe2+ sensing localizes within the lipid droplets. These water-soluble and highly sensitive reactive probes, NOPy and NOCN, enable investigations of iron-dependent physiological and pathological conditions. The development of these probes represents an advancement in the field, offering a rapid and selective means for detecting Fe2+ with minimal cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382055, India.
| | - Shabnam Mansuri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382055, India.
| | - Sriram Kanvah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382055, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kobus M, Friedrich T, Zorn E, Burmeister N, Maison W. Medicinal Chemistry of Drugs with N-Oxide Functionalities. J Med Chem 2024; 67:5168-5184. [PMID: 38549449 PMCID: PMC11017254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Molecules with N-oxide functionalities are omnipresent in nature and play an important role in Medicinal Chemistry. They are synthetic or biosynthetic intermediates, prodrugs, drugs, or polymers for applications in drug development and surface engineering. Typically, the N-oxide group is critical for biomedical applications of these molecules. It may provide water solubility or decrease membrane permeability or immunogenicity. In other cases, the N-oxide has a special redox reactivity which is important for drug targeting and/or cytotoxicity. Many of the underlying mechanisms have only recently been discovered, and the number of applications of N-oxides in the healthcare field is rapidly growing. This Perspective article gives a short summary of the properties of N-oxides and their synthesis. It also provides a discussion of current applications of N-oxides in the biomedical field and explains the basic molecular mechanisms responsible for their biological activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Kobus
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Timo Friedrich
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eilika Zorn
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nils Burmeister
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maison
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang S, Zhou H, Chen X, Zhu S, Chen D, Luo D, Chen S, Liu W. Microneedle Delivery Platform Integrated with Codelivery Nanoliposomes for Effective and Safe Androgenetic Alopecia Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:15701-15717. [PMID: 38507687 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Although topical application of minoxidil is a widely used, FDA-approved therapy for androgenetic alopecia (AGA) treatment, it suffers from low bioavailability, the requirement for frequent long-term use, and side effects. With a similar structure as minoxidil, kopexil and kopyrrol are less toxic and have been commercialized, but show an inferior hair regeneration effect compared to minoxidil. Herein, we developed a hyaluronic acid (HA)-based dissolvable microneedles (MNs) delivery platform integrated with kopexil and kopyrrol coencapsulated nanoliposomes (KK-NLPs) to effectively and safely treat AGA. Facilitated by nanoliposomes and MNs, the encapsulated KK-NLPs performed efficient skin penetration and enhanced cellular internalization into human dermal papilla cells. Furthermore, within the target cells, the codelivered kopexil and kopyrrol show synergistic effects by orchestrating an upregulation in the expression of Ki67, β-catenin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and CD31. These molecular responses collectively foster cell proliferation, migration, and antioxidative effects, thereby facilitating the expedited progression of hair follicles (HFs) into the anagen phase and promoting peripheral angiogenesis. Notably, the KK-NLPs-integrated MNs treatment group exhibits noteworthy enhanced hair regeneration in vivo, with identical or superior therapeutic effects at a much lower dosage than that of minoxidil. These results suggest the great potential of this kopexil and kopyrrol codelivery nanoliposomes-integrated MNs platform for AGA treatment in a safe and efficient way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shasha Zhu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dan Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Dan Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Suqian Advanced Materials Industry Technology Innovation Center, NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430075, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ding YC, Chu YC, Chang CH, Liang JH, Chen JJ, Shih TL. Synthesis of 2-(pyridylvinyl)chromen-4-ones and their N-oxide analogs for assessment of their biological activities as anticancer agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300445. [PMID: 38227420 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
2-Styrylchromones have been shown to possess a broad spectrum of biological activities. Replacing the carbon atom in 2-styrylchromones with a nitrogen atom in the benzene rings forms 2-(pyridylvinyl)chromen-4-ones (aza-2-styrylchromones). We have synthesized a series of novel 2-(pyridylvinyl)chromen-4-ones and their pyridine N-oxides to evaluate them as potential anticancer agents against human non-small-cell lung cancer cells (A549). Among the 18 synthesized molecules, compounds 18 and 8a exhibited comparable inhibitory effects to 5-fluorouracil and showed no toxicity against normal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chun Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheng Chu
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Hsin Chang
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Healthy Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hua Liang
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Jung Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzenge-Lien Shih
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kohlpaintner PJ, Schupp N, Ehlenz N, Marquart L, Gooßen LJ, Waldvogel SR. Synthesis of Aromatic N-Oxides Using Electrochemically Generated Peroxodicarbonate. Org Lett 2024; 26:1607-1611. [PMID: 38364789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemically generated green platform oxidizers like peroxodicarbonate (PODIC) constitute a game-changing technology in terms of sustainable chemistry while serving as an alternative counterreaction in the electrochemical hydrogen evolution. Peroxodicarbonate avoids the storage and shipping of concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution. We herein disclose an efficient method for the N-oxidation of quinolines, pyridines, and complex tertiary amines. The use of phenoyloxy succinimide (POSI) is the decisive factor for obtaining N-oxides (28 examples) in isolated yields of up to 98%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp J Kohlpaintner
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Niclas Schupp
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Niklas Ehlenz
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lucas Marquart
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lukas J Gooßen
- Ruhr University Bochum, Evonik Chair of Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Siegfried R Waldvogel
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Magwaza NM, More GK, Gildenhuys S, Mphahlele MJ. In Vitro α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibition, Cytotoxicity and Free Radical Scavenging Profiling of the 6-Halogeno and Mixed 6,8-Dihalogenated 2-Aryl-4-methyl-1,2-dihydroquinazoline 3-Oxides. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1971. [PMID: 38001824 PMCID: PMC10669220 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Series of the 6-bromo/iodo substituted 2-aryl-4-methyl-1,2-dihydroquinazoline-3-oxides and their mixed 6,8-dihalogenated (Br/I and I/Br) derivatives were evaluated for inhibitory properties against α-glucosidase and/or α-amylase activities and for cytotoxicity against breast (MCF-7) and lung (A549) cancer cell lines. The 6-bromo-2-phenyl substituted 3a and its corresponding 6-bromo-8-iodo-2-phenyl-substituted derivative 3i exhibited dual activity against α-glucosidase (IC50 = 1.08 ± 0.02 μM and 1.01 ± 0.05 μM, respectively) and α-amylase (IC50 = 5.33 ± 0.01 μM and 1.18 ± 0.06 μM, respectively) compared to acarbose (IC50 = 4.40 ± 0.05 μM and 2.92 ± 0.02 μM, respectively). The 6-iodo-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-substituted derivative 3f, on the other hand, exhibited strong activity against α-amylase and significant inhibitory effect against α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 0.64 ± 0.01 μM and 9.27 ± 0.02 μM, respectively. Compounds 3c, 3l and 3p exhibited the highest activity against α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 1.04 ± 0.03, 0.92 ± 0.01 and 0.78 ± 0.05 μM, respectively. Moderate cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 and A549 cell lines was observed for these compounds compared to the anticancer drugs doxorubicin (IC50 = 0.25 ± 0.05 μM and 0.36 ± 0.07 μM, respectively) and gefitinib (IC50 = 0.19 ± 0.04 μM and 0.25 ± 0.03 μM, respectively), and their IC50 values are in the range of 10.38 ± 0.08-25.48 ± 0.08 μM and 11.39 ± 0.12-20.00 ± 0.05 μM, respectively. The test compounds generally exhibited moderate to strong antioxidant capabilities, as demonstrated via robust free radical scavenging activity assays, viz., DPPH and NO. The potential of selected derivatives to inhibit superoxide dismutase (SOD) was also investigated via enzymatic assay in vitro. Molecular docking revealed the N-O moiety as essential to facilitate electrostatic interactions of the test compounds with the protein residues in the active site of α-glucosidase and α-amylase. The presence of bromine and/or iodine atoms resulted in increased hydrophobic (alkyl and/or π-alkyl) interactions and therefore increased inhibitory effect against both enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nontokozo M. Magwaza
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Private Bag X06, Florida 1710, South Africa;
| | - Garland K. More
- College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Laboratories, University of South Africa, Private Bag X06, Florida 1710, South Africa;
| | - Samantha Gildenhuys
- Department of Life & Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Private Bag X06, Florida 1710, South Africa;
| | - Malose J. Mphahlele
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Private Bag X06, Florida 1710, South Africa;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dubey Y, Mahalingavelar P, Rajput D, Shewale DJ, Soppina V, Kanvah S. Fluorescent styryl pyridine- N-oxide probes for imaging lipid droplets. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8393-8402. [PMID: 37819137 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01365k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) have emerged as major regulators of cellular metabolism, encompassing lipid storage, membrane synthesis, viral replication, and protein degradation. Exclusive studies have suggested a direct link between LDs and cancer, as a notable abundance of LDs is found in cancerous cells. Therefore, monitoring the location, distribution, and movements of LDs is of paramount importance for understanding their involvement in biological processes. To target LDs, we designed and synthesized fluorophores with a styryl scaffold bearing electron-donating amino groups and pyridine-N-oxide, a zwitterionic acceptor moiety. We explored their photophysical properties in various solvents and conducted systematic DFT calculations on the synthesized fluorescent molecules, comparing them with neutral pyridine and cationic pyridinium styryl dyes. The results demonstrate that diphenylaminostyryl pyridine-N-oxide (TNO) shows excellent imaging of LDs, in contrast to the behavior of cationic styrylpyridinium (TNC), which primarily localizes within the mitochondria. Notably, pyridine N-oxide offers several benefits: an increased dipole moment facilitating charge separation between donors and acceptors, substantial HOMO and LUMO stabilization, improved water solubility, favorable redox properties, and bathochromic-shifted absorption/emission spectra, showing promise as a fluorescent tool for probing the cellular-biological realm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382055, India.
| | | | - Deeksha Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382055, India.
| | - Dipeshwari J Shewale
- Department of Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382055, India.
| | - Virupakshi Soppina
- Department of Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382055, India.
| | - Sriram Kanvah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382055, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
De Angelis L, Haug GC, Rivera G, Biswas S, Al-Sayyed A, Arman H, Larionov O, Doyle MP. Site Reversal in Nucleophilic Addition to 1,2,3-Triazine 1-Oxides. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:13059-13068. [PMID: 37294869 PMCID: PMC10755600 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important reactions of 1,2,3-triazines with a dienophile is inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) cycloaddition, which occurs through nucleophilic addition to the triazine followed by N2 loss and cyclization to generate a heterocycle. The site of addition is either at the 4- or 6-position of the symmetrically substituted triazine core. Although specific examples of the addition of nucleophiles to triazines are known, a comprehensive understanding has not been reported, and the preferred site for nucleophilic addition is unknown and unexplored. With access to unsymmetrical 1,2,3-triazine-1-oxides and their deoxygenated 1,2,3-triazine compounds, we report C-, N-, H-, O-, and S-nucleophilic additions on 1,2,3-triazine and 1,2,3-triazine-1-oxide frameworks where the 4- and 6-positions could be differentiated. In the IEDDA cycloadditions using C- and N-nucleophiles, the site of addition is at C-6 for both heterocyclic systems, but product formation with 1,2,3-triazine-1-oxides is faster. Other N-nucleophile reactions with triazine 1-oxides show addition at either the 4- or 6-position of the triazine 1-oxide ring, but nucleophilic attack only occurs at the 6-position on the triazine. Hydride from NaBH4 undergoes addition at the 6-position on the triazine and the triazine 1-oxide core. Alkoxides show a high nucleophilic selectivity for the 4-position of the triazine 1-oxide. Thiophenoxide, cysteine, and glutathione undergo nucleophilic addition on the triazine core at the 6-position, while addition occurs at the 4-position of the triazine 1-oxide. These nucleophilic additions proceed under mild reaction conditions and show high functional group tolerance. Computational studies clarified the roles of the nucleophilic addition and nitrogen extrusion steps and the influence of steric and electronic factors in determining the outcomes of the reactions with different nucleophiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca De Angelis
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Graham C Haug
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Gildardo Rivera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Farmacéutica, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 88710 Reynosa, Mexico
| | - Soumen Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Ammar Al-Sayyed
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Hadi Arman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Oleg Larionov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Michael P Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao Y, Xu G, Xu Z, Guo B, Liu F. LexR Positively Regulates the LexABC Efflux Pump Involved in Self-Resistance to the Antimicrobial Di- N-Oxide Phenazine in Lysobacter antibioticus. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0487222. [PMID: 37166326 PMCID: PMC10269722 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04872-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Myxin, a di-N-oxide phenazine isolated from the soil bacterium Lysobacter antibioticus, exhibits potent activity against various microorganisms and has the potential to be developed as an agrochemical. Antibiotic-producing microorganisms have developed self-resistance mechanisms to protect themselves from autotoxicity. Antibiotic efflux is vital for such protection. Recently, we identified a resistance-nodulation-division (RND) efflux pump, LexABC, involved in self-resistance against myxin in L. antibioticus. Expression of its genes, lexABC, was induced by myxin and was positively regulated by the LysR family transcriptional regulator LexR. The molecular mechanisms, however, have not been clear. Here, LexR was found to bind to the lexABC promoter region to directly regulate expression. Moreover, myxin enhanced this binding. Molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance analysis showed that myxin bound LexR with valine and lysine residues at positions 146 (V146) and 195 (K195), respectively. Furthermore, mutation of K195 in vivo led to downregulation of the gene lexA. These results indicated that LexR sensed and bound with myxin, thereby directly activating the expression of the LexABC efflux pump and increasing L. antibioticus resistance against myxin. IMPORTANCE Antibiotic-producing bacteria exhibit various sophisticated mechanisms for self-protection against their own secondary metabolites. RND efflux pumps that eliminate antibiotics from cells are ubiquitous in Gram-negative bacteria. Myxin is a heterocyclic N-oxide phenazine with potent antimicrobial and antitumor activities produced by the soil bacterium L. antibioticus. The RND pump LexABC contributes to the self-resistance of L. antibioticus against myxin. Herein, we report a mechanism involving the LysR family regulator LexR that binds to myxin and directly activates the LexABC pump. Further study on self-resistance mechanisms could help the investigation of strategies to deal with increasing bacterial antibiotic resistance and enable the discovery of novel natural products with resistance genes as selective markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- School of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Gaoge Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhizhou Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baodian Guo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengquan Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- School of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bhurta D, Hossain MM, Bhardwaj M, Showket F, Nandi U, Dar MJ, Bharate SB. Orally bioavailable styryl derivative of rohitukine-N-oxide inhibits CDK9/T1 and the growth of pancreatic cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115533. [PMID: 37302342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The chromone alkaloid is one of the classical pharmacophores for cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and represents the first CDK inhibitor to reach clinical trials. Rohitukine (1), a chromone alkaloid isolated from Dysoxylum binectariferum inspired the discovery of several clinical candidates. The N-oxide derivative of rohitukine occurs naturally, with no reports on its biological activity. Herein, we report isolation, biological evaluation, and synthetic modification of rohitukine N-oxide for CDK9/T1 inhibition and antiproliferative activity in cancer cells. Rohitukine N-oxide (2) inhibits CDK9/T1 (IC50 7.6 μM) and shows antiproliferative activity in the colon and pancreatic cancer cells. The chloro-substituted styryl derivatives, 2b, and 2l, inhibit CDK9/T1 with IC50 values of 0.17 and 0.15 μM, respectively. These derivatives display cellular antiproliferative activity in HCT 116 (colon) and MIA PaCa-2 (pancreatic) cancer cells with GI50 values of 2.5-9.7 μM with excellent selectivity over HEK293 (embryonic kidney) cells. Both analogs induce cell death in MIA PaCa-2 cells via inducing intracellular ROS production, reducing mitochondrial membrane potential, and inducing apoptosis. These analogs are metabolically stable in liver microsomes and have a decent oral pharmacokinetics in BALB/c mice. The molecular modeling studies indicated their strong binding at the ATP-binding site of CDK7/H and CDK9/T1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deendyal Bhurta
- Natural Products & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Md Mehedi Hossain
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Mahir Bhardwaj
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Farheen Showket
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Utpal Nandi
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Mohd Jamal Dar
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Sandip B Bharate
- Natural Products & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Department of Natural Products & Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gao S, Lin X, Shi Y, Zhou H, Zheng X, Li M, Lin T. A New Hypoglycemic Prenylated Indole Alkaloid N-Oxide from Endophytic Fungus Pallidocercospora crystalline. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108767. [PMID: 37240113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A new prenylated indole alkaloid-Penicimutamide C N-oxide (1), a new alkaloid penicimutamine A (2), along with six known alkaloids were isolated from an endophytic fungus Pallidocercospora crystallina. A simple and accurate method was used to determine the N-O bond in the N-oxide group of 1. By using a β-cell ablation diabetic zebrafish model, compounds 1, 3, 5, 6 and 8 showed significantly hypoglycemic activities under the concentration of 10 μM. Further studies revealed that compounds 1 and 8 lowered the glucose level through promoting glucose uptake in zebrafish. In addition, all eight compounds showed no acute toxicity, teratogenicity, nor vascular toxicity in zebrafish under the concentrations range from 2.5 μΜ to 40 μM. Importantly, these results provide new lead compounds for the development of antidiabetes strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Gao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yeqin Shi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Mingyu Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ting Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Winter J, Prenzel T, Wirtanen T, Schollmeyer D, Waldvogel SR. Direct Electrochemical Synthesis of 2,3-Disubstituted Quinoline N-oxides by Cathodic Reduction of Nitro Arenes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203319. [PMID: 36426660 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of electric current in synthetic organic chemistry offers a sustainable tool for the selective reductive synthesis of quinoline N-oxides starting from easily accessible nitro compounds. The reported method employs mild and reagent-free conditions, a simple undivided cell, and constant current electrolysis set-up which provides conversion with a high atom economy. The synthesis of 30 differently substituted quinoline N-oxides was successfully performed in up to 90 % yield. Using CV studies, the mechanism of the selective formation of the quinoline N-oxides was elucidated. The technical relevance of the described reaction could be shown in a 50-fold scale-up reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Winter
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Prenzel
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tom Wirtanen
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Siegfried R Waldvogel
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Stimuli-Responsive Properties of Supramolecular Gels Based on Pyridyl- N-oxide Amides. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020089. [PMID: 36826259 PMCID: PMC9956205 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The nature of functional groups and their relative position and orientation play an important role in tuning the gelation properties of stimuli-responsive supramolecular gels. In this work, we synthesized and characterized mono-/bis-pyridyl-N-oxide compounds of N-(4-pyridyl)nicotinamide (L1-L3). The gelation properties of these N-oxide compounds were compared with the reported isomeric counterpart mono-/bis-pyridyl-N-oxide compounds of N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamide. Hydrogels obtained with L1 and L3 were thermally and mechanically more stable than the corresponding isomeric counterparts. The surface morphology of the xerogels of di-N-oxides (L3 and diNO) obtained from the water was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed that the relative position of N-oxide moieties did not have a prominent effect on the gel morphology. The solid-state structural analysis was performed using single-crystal X-ray diffraction to understand the key mechanism in gel formation. The versatile nature of N-oxide moieties makes these gels highly responsive toward an external stimulus, and the stimuli-responsive behavior of the gels in water and aqueous mixtures was studied in the presence of various salts. We studied the effect of various salts on the gelation behavior of the hydrogels, and the results indicated that the salts could induce gelation in L1 and L3 below the minimum gelator concentration of the gelators. The mechanical properties were evaluated by rheological experiments, indicating that the modified compounds displayed enhanced gel strength in most cases. Interestingly, cadmium chloride formed supergelator at a very low concentration (0.7 wt% of L3), and robust hydrogels were obtained at higher concentrations of L3. These results show that the relative position of N-oxide moieties is crucial for the effective interaction of the gelator with salts/ions resulting in LMWGs with tunable properties.
Collapse
|
17
|
Aryl- and Superaryl-Extended Calix[4]pyrroles: From Syntheses to Potential Applications. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:7. [PMID: 36607442 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00419-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of aryl substituents at the meso-positions of calix[4]pyrrole (C4P) scaffolds produces aryl-extended (AE) and super-aryl-extended (SAE) calix[4]pyrroles. The cone conformation of the all-α isomers of "multi-wall" AE-C4Ps and SAE-C4Ps displays deep aromatic clefts or cavities. In particular, "four-wall" receptors feature an aromatic polar cavity closed at one end with four convergent pyrrole rings and fully open at the opposite end. This makes AE- and SAE-C4P scaffolds effective receptors for the molecular recognition of negatively charged ions and neutral guest molecules with donor-acceptor and hydrogen bonding motifs. In addition, adequately functionalized all-α isomers of multi wall AE- and SAE-C4P scaffolds self-assemble into uni-molecular and supra-molecular aggregates displaying capsular and cage-like structures. The self-assembly process requires the presence of template ions or molecules that lock the C4P cone conformation and complementing the inner polar functions and volumes of their cavities. We envisioned performing an in-depth revision of AE- and SAE-C4P scaffolds owing to their importance in different domains such as supramolecular chemistry, biology, material sciences and pharmaceutical chemistry. Herewith, besides the synthetic details on the elaboration of their structures, we also draw attention to their diverse applications. The organization of this review is mainly based on the number of "walls" present in the AE-C4P derivatives and their structural modifications. The sections are further divided based on the C4P functions and applications. The authors are convinced that this review will be of interest to researchers working in the general area of supramolecular chemistry as well as those involved in the study of the binding properties and applications of C4P derivatives.
Collapse
|
18
|
Pushpanandan P, Ravikanth M. Synthesis and Properties of Stable 20π Porphyrinoids. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200144. [PMID: 35896952 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The 20π porphyrinoids are immediate higher homologues of 18π porphyrins and differ from porphyrins in aromaticity which in turn affects the structure, properties and chemical reactivities. Research over the years indicated that the 20π porphyrinoids can be stabilized as non-aromatic/anti-aromatic or Mobius aromatic macrocycles using different strategies such as core-modification of porphyrins, non-metal/metal complexation of porphyrins, peripheral modification of porphyrins and expanded porphyrinoids. The structural properties such as aromaticity of the macrocycle can be controlled by choosing the right synthetic strategy. This review will provide an overview of the development in the chemistry of 20π porphyrinoids giving emphasize on the synthesis, structure and electronic properties of these macrocycles which have huge potential for various applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poornenth Pushpanandan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Macrocyclic Lab, Lab No. 338, 400076, Mumbai, India
| | - Mangalampalli Ravikanth
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Macrocyclic Lab, Lab No. 338, 400076, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tomar R, Kumar A, Dalal A, Bhattacharya D, Singh P, Arulananda Babu S. Expanding the utility of inexpensive pyridine‐N‐oxide directing group for the site‐selective sp2/sp3γ‐C‐H and sp2δ‐C‐H functionalization of carboxamides. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Radha Tomar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Chemical Sciences INDIA
| | - Amit Kumar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Chemical Sciences INDIA
| | - Arup Dalal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Chemical Sciences INDIA
| | | | - Prabhakar Singh
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Chemical Sciences INDIA
| | - Srinivasarao Arulananda Babu
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Department of Chemical Sciences Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar,Mohali, Manauli P.O., 140306 Mohali INDIA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kinetics of N-Phosphonomethyl Iminodiacetic Acid Catalytic Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide Under the Phase-Transfer Conditions. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03798-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
21
|
Belova NV, Sliznev VV, Oberhammer H. Theoretical insights into the nature of the semipolar bonds X-O (X=N, P). J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
22
|
Zou N, Liu Z, Yan G, Wang Y, Liang C, Mo D. DBU‐Promoted 6π‐Azaelectrocyclization and Hydrogen‐Migration to Prepare 6‐Alkyl Pyridine
N
‐Oxides from
N
‐Vinyl‐
α
,
β
‐Unsaturated Nitrones. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangxi Normal University 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang‐Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangxi Normal University 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Gong‐Gui Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangxi Normal University 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying‐Chun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jishou University Jishou 416000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangxi Normal University 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong‐Liang Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangxi Normal University 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Synthesis and structure of azelastine-N-oxides. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
24
|
Panggabean JA, Adiguna SP, Murniasih T, Rahmawati SI, Bayu A, Putra MY. Structure–Activity Relationship of Cytotoxic Natural Products from Indonesian Marine Sponges. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2022; 32:12-38. [PMID: 35034994 PMCID: PMC8740879 DOI: 10.1007/s43450-021-00195-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Indonesian marine natural products have been one of the most promising sources in the race to obtain potential drugs for cancer treatment. One of the primary producers of cytotoxic compounds is sponges. However, there are still limited sources of comprehensive reviews related to the relationship between the structure of isolated compounds and their cytotoxic activity. This review remarks the attempt to provide a preliminary guidance from the perspective of structure–activity relationship and its participation on marine natural products research. This guidance is segregated by the compound’s classes and their cytotoxic targets to obtain and organized a reliable summary of inter-study of the isolated compounds and their cytotoxicity. Structure–activity relationship is well-known for its ability to tune the bioactivity of a specific compound, especially on synthetic organic chemistry and in silico study but rarely used on natural product chemistry. The present review is intended to narrow down the endless possibilities of cytotoxicity by giving a predictable structure–activity relationship for active compounds. In addition, bioactive framework leads were selected by uncovering a noticeable structure–activity relationship with the intervention of cytotoxic agents from natural sources, especially Indonesian marine sponge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A. Panggabean
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, 55281 Indonesia
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Research Organization for Life Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong, Jawa Barat 16911 Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Sya’ban P. Adiguna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, 55281 Indonesia
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Research Organization for Life Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong, Jawa Barat 16911 Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Tutik Murniasih
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Research Organization for Life Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong, Jawa Barat 16911 Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Siti I. Rahmawati
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Research Organization for Life Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong, Jawa Barat 16911 Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Asep Bayu
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Research Organization for Life Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong, Jawa Barat 16911 Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Masteria Y. Putra
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Research Organization for Life Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong, Jawa Barat 16911 Bogor, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lewis acid catalyzed condensation of 2-aminohetarene N-oxides with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-021-03031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
26
|
Rather IA, Ali R, Ali A. Recent developments in calix[4]pyrrole (C4P)-based supramolecular functional systems. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01298g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances with calix[4]pyrrole-based supramolecular functional entities in the fields of molecular recognition (receptors, sensors, and metal ion caged systems), self-assembly (polymers), photo/pH-responsive molecular switches and catalysis are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ishfaq Ahmad Rather
- Organic and Supramolecular Functional Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Rashid Ali
- Organic and Supramolecular Functional Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Ayaaz Ali
- Organic and Supramolecular Functional Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla, New Delhi-110025, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sokolov AV, Vologzhanina AVV, Sudakova TV, Popova YV, Alexandrov EV. Design and Synthesis of Coordination Polymers with Cu(II) and Heterocyclic N-Oxides. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00139j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The relations of coordination network connectivity with coordination properties of heterocyclic N-oxides, Cu(I,II), and co-ligands were discussed based on the comparative analysis of 623 structures extracted from the Cambridge Structural...
Collapse
|
28
|
Ciszewski ŁW, Gryko D. Pyridine N-oxides as HAT reagents for photochemical C–H functionalization of electron-deficient heteroarenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:10576-10579. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03772f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Unique reactivity of pyridine N-oxides as HAT reagents in light induced functionalization of electron-deficient heteroarenes is reported. EDA complex formation between the N-oxide and a substrate eliminates the need for a photocatalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz W. Ciszewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Rogers DT, Pomerleau F, Kelley Z, Brown D, Lynn B, Gerhardt GA, Littleton J. Target-directed evolution of novel modulators of the dopamine transporter in Lobelia cardinalis hairy root cultures. J Biotechnol 2021; 342:28-35. [PMID: 34648893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) is targeted in substance use disorders (SUDs), and "non-classical"" DAT inhibitors with low abuse potential are therapeutic candidates. Lobinaline, from Lobelia cardinalis, is an atypical DAT inhibitor lead. Chemical synthesis of lobinaline is challenging; thus, "target-directed evolution" was used for lead optimization. A target protein is expressed in plant cells, and a mutant cell population is selected under conditions where target protein functional inhibition confers a survival advantage. Surviving mutants are "mined" for the targeted activity. Applied to a mutant L. cardinalis cell population expressing the human DAT, we identified 20 mutants overproducing DAT inhibitors. Microanalysis prioritized novel lobinaline derivatives, and we first investigated the more water-soluble lobinaline N-oxide. It inhibited rat synaptosomal [3H]DA uptake with an IC50 similar to lobinaline. Against repeated DA microinjections into the rat striatum, lobinaline produced transient DA clearance reductions. In contrast, lobinaline N-oxide prolongingly increased DA peak amplitudes, particularly in the ventral striatum. Lobinaline N-oxide also produced complex changes in post-peak DA clearance inconsistent with simple DAT inhibition. This unusual DAT interaction may prove therapeutically useful for treating SUDs. This study demonstrates the value of target-directed evolution of plant cells for optimizing lead compounds difficult to synthesize chemically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis T Rogers
- Naprogenix™, UK-AsTeCC, 145 Graham Avenue, Lexington, KY 40506-0286, USA; College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 740 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA.
| | - Francois Pomerleau
- College of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose St, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA; College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 740 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA; College of Medicine, Brain Restoration Center, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose St., Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA; College of Medicine, Center for Microelectrode Technology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose St, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA
| | - Zachary Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-9983, USA; College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 740 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA
| | - Dustin Brown
- College of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose St, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA; College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 740 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA
| | - Bert Lynn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-9983, USA; College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 740 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA
| | - Greg A Gerhardt
- College of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose St, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA; College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 740 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA; College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 245 Fountain Ct, Lexington, KY 40509, USA; College of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose St, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA; College of Medicine, Brain Restoration Center, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose St., Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA; College of Medicine, Center for Microelectrode Technology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose St, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA
| | - John Littleton
- Naprogenix™, UK-AsTeCC, 145 Graham Avenue, Lexington, KY 40506-0286, USA; College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 740 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA; College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Kastle Hall, Lexington, KY 40506-0044, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
De Angelis L, Zheng H, Perz MT, Arman H, Doyle MP. Intermolecular [5 + 1]-Cycloaddition between Vinyl Diazo Compounds and tert-Butyl Nitrite to 1,2,3-Triazine 1-Oxides and Their Further Transformation to Isoxazoles. Org Lett 2021; 23:6542-6546. [PMID: 34370472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
1,2,3-Triazine 1-oxides are formed by nitrosyl addition from tert-butyl nitrite to the vinylogous position of vinyl diazo compounds. This transformation, which is a formal intermolecular [5 + 1] cycloaddition, occurs under mild conditions, with high functional group tolerance and regioselectivity, and can be employed for late-stage functionalization. Upon heating at refluxing chlorobenzene temperature, these triazine-N-oxides undergo dinitrogen extrusion to form isoxazoles in very high yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca De Angelis
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Haifeng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Matthew T Perz
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Hadi Arman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Michael P Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Inhibitors of Fumarylacetoacetate Hydrolase Domain Containing Protein 1 (FAHD1). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165009. [PMID: 34443596 PMCID: PMC8398924 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
FAH domain containing protein 1 (FAHD1) acts as oxaloacetate decarboxylase in mitochondria, contributing to the regulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Guided by a high-resolution X-ray structure of FAHD1 liganded by oxalate, the enzymatic mechanism of substrate processing is analyzed in detail. Taking the chemical features of the FAHD1 substrate oxaloacetate into account, the potential inhibitor structures are deduced. The synthesis of drug-like scaffolds afforded first-generation FAHD1-inhibitors with activities in the low micromolar IC50 range. The investigations disclosed structures competing with the substrate for binding to the metal cofactor, as well as scaffolds, which may have a novel binding mode to FAHD1.
Collapse
|
32
|
Sedenkova KN, Nazarova AA, Zverev DV, Zharmuhambetova ZT, Vasilenko DA, Grishin YK, Kuznetsova TS, Averina EB. Novel π-conjugated structures with fluorescent properties based on 4-alkoxytetrahydroquinazoline N-oxide. Russ Chem Bull 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3216-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
33
|
Dhote PS, Pund KA, Ramana CV. Intermolecular Interception of α-Oxo Gold Carbenes of Nitroalkyne Cycloisomerization with 1,2-Benzo[ d]isoxazole: Synthesis of Functionalized Quinazoline 1-Oxides. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10874-10882. [PMID: 34313110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The known nitrogen-transfer reagent 1,2-benzo[d]isoxazole has been used to trap the postulated α-oxo gold carbene intermediate involved in the [Au]-catalyzed internal redox process of 2-alkynylnitrobenzenes. This process led us to develop a general convergent method for the synthesis of highly functionalized quinazoline 1-oxides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawan S Dhote
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kishor A Pund
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Chepuri V Ramana
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kinner A, Rosenthal K, Lütz S. Identification and Expression of New Unspecific Peroxygenases - Recent Advances, Challenges and Opportunities. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:705630. [PMID: 34307325 PMCID: PMC8293615 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.705630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2004, the fungal heme-thiolate enzyme subfamily of unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) was first described in the basidiomycete Agrocybe aegerita. As UPOs naturally catalyze a broad range of oxidative transformations by using hydrogen peroxide as electron acceptor and thus possess a great application potential, they have been extensively studied in recent years. However, despite their versatility to catalyze challenging selective oxyfunctionalizations, the availability of UPOs for potential biotechnological applications is restricted. Particularly limiting are the identification of novel natural biocatalysts, their production, and the description of their properties. It is hence of great interest to further characterize the enzyme subfamily as well as to identify promising new candidates. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the state of the art in identification, expression, and screening approaches of fungal UPOs, challenges associated with current protein production and screening strategies, as well as potential solutions and opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kinner
- Chair for Bioprocess Engineering, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Katrin Rosenthal
- Chair for Bioprocess Engineering, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Stephan Lütz
- Chair for Bioprocess Engineering, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Petkevičius V, Vaitekūnas J, Gasparavičiūtė R, Tauraitė D, Meškys R. An efficient and regioselective biocatalytic synthesis of aromatic N-oxides by using a soluble di-iron monooxygenase PmlABCDEF produced in the Pseudomonas species. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:1771-1783. [PMID: 34115446 PMCID: PMC8313251 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we present an improved whole-cell biocatalysis system for the synthesis of heteroaromatic N-oxides based on the production of a soluble di-iron monooxygenase PmlABCDEF in Pseudomonas sp. MIL9 and Pseudomonas putida KT2440. The presented biocatalysis system performs under environmentally benign conditions, features a straightforward and inexpensive procedure and possesses a high substrate conversion and product yield. The capacity of gram-scale production was reached in the simple shake-flask cultivation. The template substrates (pyridine, pyrazine, 2-aminopyrimidine) have been converted into pyridine-1-oxide, pyrazine-1-oxide and 2-aminopyrimidine-1-oxide in product titres of 18.0, 19.1 and 18.3 g l-1 , respectively. To our knowledge, this is the highest reported productivity of aromatic N-oxides using biocatalysis methods. Moreover, comparing to the chemical method of aromatic N-oxides synthesis based on meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, the developed approach is applicable for a regioselective oxidation that is an additional advantageous option in the preparation of the anticipated N-oxides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vytautas Petkevičius
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and BiotechnologyInstitute of BiochemistryLife Sciences CenterVilnius UniversitySaulėtekio 7VilniusLT‐10257Lithuania
| | - Justas Vaitekūnas
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and BiotechnologyInstitute of BiochemistryLife Sciences CenterVilnius UniversitySaulėtekio 7VilniusLT‐10257Lithuania
| | - Renata Gasparavičiūtė
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and BiotechnologyInstitute of BiochemistryLife Sciences CenterVilnius UniversitySaulėtekio 7VilniusLT‐10257Lithuania
| | - Daiva Tauraitė
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and BiotechnologyInstitute of BiochemistryLife Sciences CenterVilnius UniversitySaulėtekio 7VilniusLT‐10257Lithuania
| | - Rolandas Meškys
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and BiotechnologyInstitute of BiochemistryLife Sciences CenterVilnius UniversitySaulėtekio 7VilniusLT‐10257Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cai YM, Zhang YD, Yang L. NO donors and NO delivery methods for controlling biofilms in chronic lung infections. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:3931-3954. [PMID: 33937932 PMCID: PMC8140970 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11274-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), the highly reactive radical gas, provides an attractive strategy in the control of microbial infections. NO not only exhibits bactericidal effect at high concentrations but also prevents bacterial attachment and disperses biofilms at low, nontoxic concentrations, rendering bacteria less tolerant to antibiotic treatment. The endogenously generated NO by airway epithelium in healthy populations significantly contributes to the eradication of invading pathogens. However, this pathway is often compromised in patients suffering from chronic lung infections where biofilms dominate. Thus, exogenous supplementation of NO is suggested to improve the therapeutic outcomes of these infectious diseases. Compared to previous reviews focusing on the mechanism of NO-mediated biofilm inhibition, this review explores the applications of NO for inhibiting biofilms in chronic lung infections. It discusses how abnormal levels of NO in the airways contribute to chronic infections in cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) patients and why exogenous NO can be a promising antibiofilm strategy in clinical settings, as well as current and potential in vivo NO delivery methods. KEY POINTS : • The relationship between abnormal NO levels and biofilm development in lungs • The antibiofilm property of NO and current applications in lungs • Potential NO delivery methods and research directions in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Cai
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Ying-Dan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Liang Yang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhao Y, Liu J, Jiang T, Hou R, Xu G, Xu H, Liu F. Resistance-Nodulation-Division Efflux Pump, LexABC, Contributes to Self-Resistance of the Phenazine Di- N-Oxide Natural Product Myxin in Lysobacter antibioticus. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:618513. [PMID: 33679640 PMCID: PMC7927275 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.618513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic-producing microorganisms have developed several self-resistance mechanisms to protect them from autotoxicity. Transporters belonging to the resistance- nodulation-division (RND) superfamily commonly confer multidrug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. Phenazines are heterocyclic, nitrogen-containing and redox-active compounds that exhibit diverse activities. We previously identified six phenazines from Lysobacter antibioticus OH13, a soil bacterium emerging as a potential biocontrol agent. Among these phenazines, myxin, a di-N-oxide phenazine, exhibited potent activity against a variety of microorganisms. In this study, we identified a novel RND efflux pump gene cluster, designated lexABC, which is located far away in the genome from the myxin biosynthesis gene cluster. We found a putative LysR-type transcriptional regulator encoding gene lexR, which was adjacent to lexABC. Deletion of lexABC or lexR gene resulted in significant increasing susceptibility of strains to myxin and loss of myxin production. The results demonstrated that LexABC pump conferred resistance against myxin. The myxin produced at lower concentrations in these mutants was derivatized by deoxidation and O-methylation. Furthermore, we found that the abolishment of myxin with deletion of LaPhzB, which is an essential gene in myxin biosynthesis, resulted in significant downregulation of the lexABC. However, exogenous supplementation with myxin to LaPhzB mutant could efficiently induce the expression of lexABC genes. Moreover, lexR mutation also led to decreased expression of lexABC, which indicates that LexR potentially positively modulated the expression of lexABC. Our findings reveal a resistance mechanism against myxin of L. antibioticus, which coordinates regulatory pathways to protect itself from autotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.,College of Plant Protection (Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianping Jiang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongxian Hou
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.,College of Plant Protection (Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaoge Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiyong Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengquan Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Huang P, Peng X, Qiu G, Yu K, Li H, Kong L, Hu J, Chen Z, Huang Q, Liu L. Graphene oxide as an active carbocatalyst for cyanation of quinoline and isoquinoline N-Oxides. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.131964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
39
|
Potęga A, Paczkowski S, Paluszkiewicz E, Mazerska Z. Electrochemical simulation of metabolic reduction and conjugation reactions of unsymmetrical bisacridine antitumor agents, C-2028 and C-2053. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 197:113970. [PMID: 33618132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.113970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemistry (EC) coupled with analysis techniques such as liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS) has been developed as a powerful tool for drug metabolism simulation. The application of EC in metabolic studies is particularly favourable due to the low matrix contribution compared to in vitro or in vivo biological models. In this paper, the EC(/LC)/MS system was applied to simulate phase I metabolism of the representative two unsymmetrical bisacridines (UAs), named C-2028 and C-2053, which contain nitroaromatic group susceptible to reductive transformations. UAs are a novel potent class of antitumor agents of extraordinary structures that may be useful in the treatment of difficult for therapy human solid tumors such as breast, colon, prostate, and pancreatic tumors. It is considered that the biological action of these compounds may be due to the redox properties of the nitroaromatic group. At first, the relevant conditions for the electrochemical conversion and product identification process, including the electrode potential range, electrolyte composition, and working electrode material, were optimized with the application of 1-nitroacridine as a model compound. Electrochemical simulation of C-2028 and C-2053 reductive metabolism resulted in the generation of six and five products, respectively. The formation of hydroxylamine m/z [M+H-14]+, amine m/z [M+H-30]+, and novel N-oxide m/z [M+H-18]+ species from UAs was demonstrated. Furthermore, both studied compounds were shown to be stable, retaining their dimeric forms, during electrochemical experiments. The electrochemical method also indicated the susceptibility of C-2028 to phase II metabolic reactions. The respective glutathione and dithiothreitol adducts of C-2028 were identified as ions at m/z 873 and m/z 720. In conclusion, the electrochemical reductive transformations of antitumor UAs allowed for the synthesis of new reactive intermediate forms permitting the study of their interactions with biologically crucial molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Potęga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza St. 11/12, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland.
| | - Szymon Paczkowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza St. 11/12, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland.
| | - Ewa Paluszkiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza St. 11/12, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland.
| | - Zofia Mazerska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza St. 11/12, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Visible light promoted synthetic routes of quinolines using different strategies are hereby documented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Dhiya
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee-247667
- India
| | - Aparna Monga
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee-247667
- India
| | - Anuj Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee-247667
- India
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tang Y, Li K, Chinnam AK, Staples RJ, Shreeve JM. Mono-N-oxidation of heterocycle-fused pyrimidines. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2143-2148. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03260c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mild oxidation reactions of nitrogen-rich heterocyclic rings lead to the formation of energetic compounds with the mono-N-oxide moiety which show good thermal stabilities and detonation performances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Tang
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Idaho
| | - Kejia Li
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Llanes A, Cruz H, Nguyen VD, Larionov OV, Fernández PL. A Computational Approach to Explore the Interaction of Semisynthetic Nitrogenous Heterocyclic Compounds with the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease. Biomolecules 2020; 11:biom11010018. [PMID: 33375460 PMCID: PMC7824519 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, numerous attempts have been made to discover new potential antiviral molecules against its causative agent, SARS-CoV-2, many of which focus on its main protease (Mpro). We hereby used two approaches based on molecular docking simulation to explore the interaction of four libraries of semisynthetic nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds with Mpro. Libraries L1 and L2 contain 52 synthetic derivatives of the natural compound 2-propylquinoline, whereas libraries L3 and L4 contain 65 compounds synthesized using the natural compound physostigmine as a precursor. Validation through redocking suggested that the rigid receptor and flexible receptor approaches used for docking were suitable to model the interaction of this type of compounds with the target protein, although the flexible approach seemed to provide a more realistic representation of interactions within the active site. Using empirical energy score thresholds, we selected 58 compounds from the four libraries with the most favorable energy estimates. Globally, favorable estimates were obtained for molecules with two or more substituents, putatively accommodating in three or more subsites within the Mpro active site. Our results pave the way for further experimental evaluation of the selected compounds as potential antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Llanes
- Centro de Biología Celular y Molecular de Enfermedades, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Ciudad del Saber, Panama 0801, Panama; (A.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Héctor Cruz
- Centro de Biología Celular y Molecular de Enfermedades, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Ciudad del Saber, Panama 0801, Panama; (A.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Viet D. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA;
| | - Oleg V. Larionov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA;
- Correspondence: (O.V.L.); (P.L.F.); Tel.: +1-(210)-458-6050 (O.V.L.); +(507)-517-0700 (P.L.F.)
| | - Patricia L. Fernández
- Centro de Biología Celular y Molecular de Enfermedades, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Ciudad del Saber, Panama 0801, Panama; (A.L.); (H.C.)
- Correspondence: (O.V.L.); (P.L.F.); Tel.: +1-(210)-458-6050 (O.V.L.); +(507)-517-0700 (P.L.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chugunova E, Gazizov A, Sazykina M, Akylbekov N, Gildebrant A, Sazykin I, Burilov A, Appazov N, Karchava S, Klimova M, Voloshina A, Sapunova A, Gumerova S, Khamatgalimov A, Gerasimova T, Dobrynin A, Gogoleva O, Gorshkov V. Design of Novel 4-Aminobenzofuroxans and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218292. [PMID: 33167439 PMCID: PMC7663979 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel 4-aminobenzofuroxan derivatives containing aromatic/aliphatic amines fragments was achieved via aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction of 4,6-dichloro-5-nitrobenzofuroxan. The quantum chemistry calculations were performed to identify the factors affecting the regioselectivity of the reaction. The formation of 4-substituted isomer is favored both by its greater stability and the lower activation barrier. Antimicrobial activity of the obtained compounds has been evaluated and some of them were found to suppress effectively bacterial biofilm growth. Fungistatic activity of 4-aminobenzofuroxans were tested on two genetically distinct isolates of M. nivale. The effect of some benzofuroxan derivatives is likely to be more universal against different varieties of M. nivale compared with benzimidazole and carbendazim. Additionally, their anti-cancer activity in vitro has been tested. 4-aminofuroxans possessing aniline moiety showed a high selectivity towards MCF-7 and M-HeLa tumor cell lines. Moreover, they exhibit a significantly lower toxicity towards normal liver cells compared to Doxorubicin and Tamoxifen. Thus, benzofuroxans containing aromatic amines fragments in their structure are promising candidates for further development both as anti-cancer and anti-microbial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Chugunova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Tatarstan 420088, Russia; (A.B.); (A.V.); (A.S.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (T.G.); (A.D.)
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Tatarstan 420111, Russia; (O.G.); (V.G.)
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (A.G.); (N.A.); Tel.: +7-843-272-7324 (E.C.); +7-843-272-7324 (A.G.); +7-724-223-1041 (N.A.)
| | - Almir Gazizov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Tatarstan 420088, Russia; (A.B.); (A.V.); (A.S.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (T.G.); (A.D.)
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Tatarstan 420111, Russia; (O.G.); (V.G.)
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (A.G.); (N.A.); Tel.: +7-843-272-7324 (E.C.); +7-843-272-7324 (A.G.); +7-724-223-1041 (N.A.)
| | - Marina Sazykina
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia; (M.S.); (A.G.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Nurgali Akylbekov
- Laboratory of Engineering Profile “Physical and Chemical Methods of Analysis”, Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda 120014, Kazakhstan;
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (A.G.); (N.A.); Tel.: +7-843-272-7324 (E.C.); +7-843-272-7324 (A.G.); +7-724-223-1041 (N.A.)
| | - Anastasiya Gildebrant
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia; (M.S.); (A.G.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Ivan Sazykin
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia; (M.S.); (A.G.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Alexander Burilov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Tatarstan 420088, Russia; (A.B.); (A.V.); (A.S.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (T.G.); (A.D.)
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Tatarstan 420111, Russia; (O.G.); (V.G.)
| | - Nurbol Appazov
- Laboratory of Engineering Profile “Physical and Chemical Methods of Analysis”, Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda 120014, Kazakhstan;
- I. Zhakaev Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Rice Growing, Kyzylorda 120008, Kazakhstan
| | - Shorena Karchava
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia; (M.S.); (A.G.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Maria Klimova
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia; (M.S.); (A.G.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Alexandra Voloshina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Tatarstan 420088, Russia; (A.B.); (A.V.); (A.S.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (T.G.); (A.D.)
| | - Anastasia Sapunova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Tatarstan 420088, Russia; (A.B.); (A.V.); (A.S.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (T.G.); (A.D.)
| | - Syumbelya Gumerova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Tatarstan 420088, Russia; (A.B.); (A.V.); (A.S.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (T.G.); (A.D.)
| | - Ayrat Khamatgalimov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Tatarstan 420088, Russia; (A.B.); (A.V.); (A.S.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (T.G.); (A.D.)
| | - Tatiana Gerasimova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Tatarstan 420088, Russia; (A.B.); (A.V.); (A.S.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (T.G.); (A.D.)
| | - Alexey Dobrynin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Tatarstan 420088, Russia; (A.B.); (A.V.); (A.S.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (T.G.); (A.D.)
| | - Olga Gogoleva
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Tatarstan 420111, Russia; (O.G.); (V.G.)
| | - Vladimir Gorshkov
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Tatarstan 420111, Russia; (O.G.); (V.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sheng X, Xu Q, Lin Z, Hu Z, Pan L, Liu Q, Li Y. External Reductant‐free Stepwise [3+2] Cycloaddition/Reductive Cyclization from 2‐Nitrochalcones and Isocyanides: Synthesis of Pyrrolo[3,4‐
c
]quinoline
N
‐oxides. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Sheng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Qi Xu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Ziwen Lin
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Zhongyan Hu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Ling Pan
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Qun Liu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Yifei Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Karbakhsh Ravari A, Pineda-Galvan Y, Huynh A, Ezhov R, Pushkar Y. Facile Light-Induced Transformation of [Ru II(bpy) 2(bpyNO)] 2+ to [Ru II(bpy) 3] 2. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:13880-13887. [PMID: 32924462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ru-based coordination compounds have important applications as photosensitizers and catalysts. [RuII(bpy)2(bpyNO)]2+ (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine and bpyNO = 2,2'-bipyridine-N-oxide) was reported to be extremely light-sensitive, but its light-induced transformation pathways have not been analyzed. Here, we elucidated a mechanism of the light-induced transformation of [RuII(bpy)2(bpyNO)]2+ using UV-vis, EPR, resonance Raman, and NMR spectroscopic techniques. The spectroscopic analysis was augmented with the DFT calculations. We concluded that upon 530-650 nm light excitation, 3[RuIII(bpyNO-•)(bpy)2]2+ is formed similarly to the 3[RuIII(bpy-•)(bpy)2]2+ light-induced state of the well-known photosensitizer [RuII(bpy)3]2+. An electron localization on the bpyNO ligand was confirmed by obtaining a unique EPR signal of reduced [RuII(bpy)2(bpyNO-•)]+ (gxx = 2.02, gyy = 1.99, and gzz = 1.87 and 14N hfs Axx = 12 G, Ayy = 34 G, and Azz = 11 G). 3[RuIII(bpyNO-•)(bpy)2]2+ may evolve via breaking of the Ru-O-N fragment at two different positions resulting in [RuIV═O(bpy)2(bpyout)]2+ for breakage at the O-|-N bond and [RuII(H2O)(bpy)2(bpyNOout)]2+ for breakage at the Ru-|-O bond. These pathways were found to have comparable ΔG. A reduction of [RuIV═O(bpy)2(bpyout)]2+ may result in water elimination and formation of [RuII(bpy)3]2+. The expected intermediates, [RuIII(bpy)2(bpyNO)]3+ and [RuIII(bpy)3]3+, were detected by EPR. In addition, a new signal with gxx = 2.38, gyy = 2.10, and gzz = 1.85 was observed and tentatively assigned to a complex with the dissociated ligand, such as [RuIII(H2O)(bpy)2(bpyNOout)]3+. The spectroscopic signatures of [RuIV═O(bpy)2(bpyout)]2+ were not observed, although DFT analysis and [RuII(bpy)3]2+ formation suggest this intermediate. Thus, [RuII(bpy)2(bpyNO)]2+ has potential as a light-induced oxidizer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Karbakhsh Ravari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yuliana Pineda-Galvan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Alexander Huynh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Roman Ezhov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yulia Pushkar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Andersson H, Jarvoll P, Yang SK, Yang KW, Erdélyi M. Binding of 2-(Triazolylthio)acetamides to Metallo-β-lactamase CcrA Determined with NMR. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:21570-21578. [PMID: 32905426 PMCID: PMC7469393 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing bacteria resistant to β-lactam antibiotics are a serious threat to human health. Despite great efforts and important progress in the discovery of MBL inhibitors (MBLIs), there is none in clinical use. Herein, inhibitor complexes of the MBL CcrA were investigated by NMR spectroscopy to provide perspectives on the further development of 2-(triazolylthio)acetamide-type MBLIs. By using the NMR-based chemical shift perturbation (CSP) and direction of CSP methodologies together with molecular docking, the spatial orientation of three compounds in the CcrA active site was investigated (4-6). Inhibitor 6 showed the best binding affinity (K d ≈ 2.3 ± 0.3 μM), followed by 4 (K d = 11 ± 11 μM) and 5 (K d = 34 ± 43 μM), as determined from the experimental NMR data. Based on the acquired knowledge, analogues of other MBLIs (1-3) were designed and evaluated in silico with the purpose of examining a strategy for promoting their interactions with the catalytic zinc ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Andersson
- Department
of Chemistry—BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrik Jarvoll
- Centre
for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at the University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 440, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Shao-Kang Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, 710127 Xi’an, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Wu Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, 710127 Xi’an, P. R. China
| | - Máté Erdélyi
- Department
of Chemistry—BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Centre
for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at the University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 440, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ma Z, Li J, Lin K, Ramachandran M, Li M, Li Y. Heterocyclic N-Oxides as Small-Molecule Fluorogenic Scaffolds: Rational Design and Applications of Their "On-Off" Fluorescence. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12282-12289. [PMID: 32790290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Small-molecule fluorescent probes are powerful tools in chemical analysis and biological imaging. However, as the foundation of probe design, the meager existing set of core fluorophores have largely limited the diversity of current probes. Consequently, there is a high demand to discover fluorophores with new scaffolds and optimize the existing fluorophores. Here, we put forward a facile strategy of heterocyclic N-oxidation to address these challenges. The introduced N-O bond reconstructs the electron "push-pull" system of heterocyclic scaffolds and dramatically improves their photophysical properties by red-shifting the spectra and increasing the Stokes shift. Meanwhile, the heterocyclic N-O bond also enables a function of the fluorescence switch. It can turn on the fluorescence of pyridine and increase the fluorescence of quinoline and, conversely, decrease the fluorescence of acridines and resorufin. As a further practical application, we successfully utilized the quinoline N-oxide scaffold to design fluorogenic probes for H2S (8) and formaldehyde (FA, 9). Given their ultraviolet-visible spectra, both probes with high selectivity and sensitivity could be conveniently used in the naked eye detection of target analytes under illumination with a portable UV lamp. More interestingly, the probes could be effectively used in the imaging of nuclear and cytoplasmic H2S or nuclear and perinuclear FA. This potentially overcomes the weaknesses of existing H2S or FA probes that can only work in the cytoplasm. These interesting findings demonstrate the ability to rapidly expand and optimize the existing fluorophore library through heterocyclic N-oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Kai Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Mythili Ramachandran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Minyong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yuanpei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Computational Study of Selected Amine and Lactam N-Oxides Including Comparisons of N-O Bond Dissociation Enthalpies with Those of Pyridine N-Oxides. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163703. [PMID: 32823830 PMCID: PMC7463812 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A computational study of the structures and energetics of amine N-oxides, including pyridine N-oxides, trimethylamine N-oxide, bridgehead bicyclic amine N-oxides, and lactam N-oxides, allowed comparisons with published experimental data. Most of the computations employed the B3LYP/6-31G* and M06/6-311G+(d,p) models and comparisons were also made between the results of the HF 6-31G*, B3LYP/6-31G**, B3PW91/6-31G*, B3PW91/6-31G**, and the B3PW91/6-311G+(d,p) models. The range of calculated N-O bond dissociation energies (BDE) (actually enthalpies) was about 40 kcal/mol. Of particular interest was the BDE difference between pyridine N-oxide (PNO) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). Published thermochemical and computational (HF 6-31G*) data suggest that the BDE of PNO was only about 2 kcal/mol greater than that of TMAO. The higher IR frequency for N-O stretch in PNO and its shorter N-O bond length suggest a greater difference in BDE values, predicted at 10–14 kcal/mol in the present work. Determination of the enthalpy of sublimation of TMAO, or at least the enthalpy of fusion and estimation of the enthalpy of vaporization might solve this dichotomy. The “extra” resonance stabilization in pyridine N-oxide relative to pyridine was consistent with the 10–14 kcal/mol increase in BDE, relative to TMAO, and was about half the “extra” stabilization in phenoxide, relative to phenol or benzene. Comparison of pyridine N-oxide with its acyclic model nitrone (“Dewar-Breslow model”) indicated aromaticity slightly less than that of pyridine.
Collapse
|
49
|
Kruschel RD, Buzid A, Khandavilli UBR, Lawrence SE, Glennon JD, McCarthy FO. Isoquinolinequinone N-oxides as anticancer agents effective against drug resistant cell lines. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:557-568. [PMID: 31894828 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02441g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The isoquinolinequinone (IQQ) pharmacophore is a privileged framework in known cytotoxic natural product families, caulibugulones and mansouramycins. Exploiting both families as a chemical starting point, we report on the structured development of an IQQ N-oxide anticancer framework which exhibits growth inhibition in the nM range across melanoma, ovarian and leukaemia cancer cell lines. A new lead compound (16, R6 = benzyl, R7 = H) exhibits nM GI50 values against 31/57 human tumour cell lines screened as part of the NCI60 panel and shows activity against doxorubicin resistant tumour cell lines. An electrochemical study highlights a correlation between electropositivity of the IQQ N-oxide framework and cytotoxicity. Adduct binding to sulfur based biological nucleophiles glutathione and cysteine was observed in vitro. This new framework possesses significant anticancer potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Kruschel
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Fukushiro-Lopes D, Hegel AD, Russo A, Senyuk V, Liotta M, Beeson GC, Beeson CC, Burdette J, Potkul RK, Gentile S. Repurposing Kir6/SUR2 Channel Activator Minoxidil to Arrests Growth of Gynecologic Cancers. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:577. [PMID: 32457608 PMCID: PMC7227431 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynecologic cancers are among the most lethal cancers found in women, and, advanced stage cancers are still a treatment challenge. Ion channels are known to contribute to cellular homeostasis in all cells and mounting evidence indicates that ion channels could be considered potential therapeutic targets against cancer. Nevertheless, the pharmacologic effect of targeting ion channels in cancer is still understudied. We found that the expression of Kir6.2/SUR2 potassium channel is a potential favorable prognostic factor in gynecologic cancers. Also, pharmacological stimulation of the Kir6.2/SUR2 channel activity with the selective activator molecule minoxidil arrests tumor growth in a xenograft model of ovarian cancer. Investigation on the mechanism linking the Kir6.2/SUR2 to tumor growth revealed that minoxidil alters the metabolic and oxidative state of cancer cells by producing mitochondrial disruption and extensive DNA damage. Consequently, application of minoxidil results in activation of a caspase-3 independent cell death pathway. Our data show that repurposing of FDA approved K+ channel activators may represent a novel, safe adjuvant therapeutic approach to traditional chemotherapy for the treatment of gynecologic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra D Hegel
- Department of Pharmacology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Angela Russo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Vitalyi Senyuk
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Margaret Liotta
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Gyda C Beeson
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Craig C Beeson
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Joanna Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ronald K Potkul
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Saverio Gentile
- Department of Pharmacology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|