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Yu H, Zhang G, You M, Shi X, Lu S, Tang Z, Yin H, Zhang Y, Chen Q. Herbal small molecule-based low/medium internal phase supramolecular gel emulsion for diabetic wound healing. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 671:270-282. [PMID: 38810341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
It remains a big challenge to fabricate low / medium internal phase gel emulsion for the safe wound dressing with low stimulation to the skin. Herein, utilizing the self-assembly and gelation of amphiphilic herbal small molecule-glycyrrhizic acid (GA) derived from traditional Chinese medicine, a new type of supramolecular gel emulsion (SGE) with antibacterial activity and low / medium internal phase was proposed. In the SGE, the oil droplets were stabilized by the nanofibers self-assembled from GA, and the SGE was formed by the supramolecular assembly of GA nanofibers in the presence of Pickering emulsions. As a result, under low / medium internal phase (φ = 30-50 %), SGEs could be readily prepared. Antibacterial tests demonstrated that the growth of gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) could be effectively inhibited by the SGE. Additionally, compared to high internal phase SGE, SGE with φ = 50 % displayed lower cytotoxicity and a positive impact on the healing process of infectious diabetic wounds. This work provided a novel approach for constructing low / medium internal phase gel emulsion via herbal small molecule-based supramolecular assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Guoxin Zhang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Postgraduate training base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Min You
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Xinlei Shi
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Shaoping Lu
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Ziqing Tang
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Haiyan Yin
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Yitian Zhang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Postgraduate training base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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Fu H, He J, Li C, Chang H. Theaflavin-3,3'-Digallate Protects Liver and Kidney Functions in Diabetic Rats by Up-Regulating Circ-ITCH and Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:14630-14639. [PMID: 38634619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (TFDG) in black tea has a strong antioxidant capacity. However, its effect on diabetic liver and kidney injury and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, our findings indicated that TFDG administration effectively lowers the fasting blood glucose and serum lipid concentrations and enhances the functionality and cellular architecture of the liver and kidney in rats with diabetes. The data also showed that TFDG mitigates oxidative harm in the liver and kidney of rats afflicted with diabetes. Additionally, metformin combined with TFDG was significantly more effective in reducing blood glucose and oxidative stress. Further studies suggested that TFDG upregulates the Nrf2 signal pathway and circ-ITCH (hsa_circ_0001141) expression. Silencing of circ-ITCH by transfection of the interfering plasmid apparently reduces the effects of TFDG on the Nrf2 signal pathway and oxidative stress in high-glucose-treated hepatic and renal cells. In conclusion, the present study highlights the great potential of TFDG in ameliorating diabetic liver and kidney injury by up-regulating circ-ITCH to promote the Nrf2 signal pathway and provides a potential option for the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Fu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jianbo He
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Cong Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hui Chang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Huang ZG, Gao JW, Zhang HF, You S, Xiong ZC, Wu YB, Guo DC, Wang JF, Chen YX, Zhang SL, Liu PM. Cardiovascular health metrics defined by Life's Essential 8 scores and subsequent macrovascular and microvascular complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:2673-2683. [PMID: 38558498 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the association between cardiovascular health metrics defined by Life's Essential 8 (LE8) scores and vascular complications among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study included 11 033 participants with T2D, all devoid of macrovascular diseases (including cardiovascular and peripheral artery disease) and microvascular complications (e.g. diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy) at baseline from the UK Biobank. The LE8 score comprised eight metrics: smoking, body mass index, physical activity, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin, diet and sleep duration. Cox proportional hazards models were established to assess the associations of LE8 scores with incident macrovascular and microvascular complications. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12.1 years, we identified 1975 cases of incident macrovascular diseases and 1797 cases of incident microvascular complications. After adjusting for potential confounders, each 10-point increase in the LE8 score was associated with an 18% lower risk of macrovascular diseases and a 15% lower risk of microvascular complications. Comparing individuals in the highest and lowest quartiles of LE8 scores revealed hazard ratios of 0.55 (95% confidence interval 0.47-0.62) for incident macrovascular diseases, and 0.61 (95% confidence interval 0.53-0.70) for incident microvascular complications. This association remained robust across a series of sensitivity analyses and nearly all subgroups. CONCLUSION Higher LE8 scores were associated with a lower risk of incident macrovascular and microvascular complications among individuals with T2D. These findings underscore the significance of adopting fundamental strategies to maintain optimal cardiovascular health and curtail the risk of developing diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Gui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Wei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si You
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo-Chao Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Biao Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Chuan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Feng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang-Xin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shao-Ling Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pin-Ming Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Barzkar N, Bunphueak P, Chamsodsai P, Muangrod P, Thumthanaruk B, Rungsardthong V, Tabtimmai L. Jellyfish protein hydrolysates: Multifunctional bioactivities unveiled in the battle against diabetes, inflammation, and bacterial pathogenesis. Microb Pathog 2024; 191:106648. [PMID: 38641070 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the multifunctional bioactivities of pepsin-hydrolyzed jellyfish by-products (Rhopilema hispidum and Lobonema smithii), focusing on their anti-α-glucosidase activity, anti-inflammatory effects, anti-bacterial properties, and ability to inhibit biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus. Our findings revealed that jellyfish protein hydrolysates, particularly from Rhopilema hispidum, exhibit significant anti-α-glucosidase activity, surpassing the well-known α-glucosidase inhibitor Acarbose. Furthermore, we demonstrated the anti-inflammatory capabilities of these hydrolysates in suppressing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide production in murine macrophage cells. This effect was dose-dependent and non-cytotoxic, highlighting the hydrolysate potential in treating inflammation-related conditions. Regarding anti-bacterial activity, pepsin-hydrolyzed jellyfish selectively exhibited a potent effect against S. aureus, including Methicillin-susceptible and Methicillin-resistant strains. This activity was evident at minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 25 μg/mL for S. aureus ATCC10832, while a modest effect was observed against other Gram-positive strains. The hydrolysates effectively delayed bacterial growth dose-dependently, suggesting their use as alternative agents against bacterial infections. Most notably, pepsin-hydrolyzed jellyfish showed significant anti-biofilm activity against S. aureus. The umbrella section hydrolysate of Rhopilema hispidum was particularly effective, reducing biofilm formation through downregulating the icaA gene, crucial for biofilm development. Furthermore, the hydrolysates modulated the expression of the agrA gene, a key regulator in the pathogenesis of S. aureus. In conclusion, pepsin-hydrolyzed jellyfish protein hydrolysates exhibit promising multifunctional bioactivities, including anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-biofilm properties. These findings suggest their potential application in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical fields, particularly in managing diabetic risks, inflammation, bacterial infections, and combating the biofilm-associated pathogenicity of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Barzkar
- Department of Agro-Industrial, Food and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Applied Science King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, 10800, Thailand; Food and Agro-Industrial Research Center, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, 10800, Thailand
| | - Pinchuta Bunphueak
- Food and Agro-Industrial Research Center, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, 10800, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, 10800, Thailand
| | - Phumin Chamsodsai
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand
| | - Pratchaya Muangrod
- Department of Agro-Industrial, Food and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Applied Science King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, 10800, Thailand; Food and Agro-Industrial Research Center, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, 10800, Thailand
| | - Benjawan Thumthanaruk
- Department of Agro-Industrial, Food and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Applied Science King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, 10800, Thailand; Food and Agro-Industrial Research Center, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, 10800, Thailand
| | - Vilai Rungsardthong
- Department of Agro-Industrial, Food and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Applied Science King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, 10800, Thailand; Food and Agro-Industrial Research Center, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, 10800, Thailand
| | - Lueacha Tabtimmai
- Food and Agro-Industrial Research Center, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, 10800, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, 10800, Thailand.
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Albalawi FE, Alsharif I, Moawadh MS, Alkhoshaiban A, Falah Alshehri F, Albalawi AE, Althobaiti NA, Alharbi ZM, Almohaimeed HM. Immunomodulatory effects of Kaempferol on microglial and Macrophage cells during the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112021. [PMID: 38626549 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) stands as a prevalent secondary complication of diabetes, notably Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D), characterized by immune system involvement potentially impacting the retinal immune response mediated by microglia. Early stages of DR witness blood-retinal barrier permeabilization, facilitating peripheral immune cell interaction with the retinal immune system. Kaempferol (Kae), known for its potent anti-inflammatory activity, presents a promising avenue in DR treatment by targeting the immune mechanisms underlying its onset and progression. Our investigation delves into the molecular intricacies of innate immune cell interaction during DR progression and the attenuation of inflammatory processes pivotal to its pathology. METHODS Employing in vitro studies, we exposed HAPI microglial and J774.A1 macrophage cells to pro-inflammatory stimuli in the presence or absence of Kae. Ex vivo and in vivo experiments utilized BB rats, a T1D animal model. Retinal explants from BB rats were cultured with Kae, while intraperitoneal Kae injections were administered to BB rats for 15 days. Quantitative PCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and Spectral Domain - Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) facilitated survival assessment, cellular signaling analysis, and inflammatory marker determination. RESULTS Results demonstrate Kae significantly mitigates inflammatory processes across in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo DR models, primarily targeting immune cell responses. Kae administration notably inhibits proinflammatory responses during DR progression while promoting an anti-inflammatory milieu, chiefly through microglia-mediated synthesis of Arginase-1 and Hemeoxygenase-1(HO-1). In vivo, Kae administration effectively preserves retinal integrity amid DR progression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings elucidate the interplay between retinal and systemic immune cells in DR progression, underscoring a differential treatment response predominantly orchestrated by microglia's anti-inflammatory action. Kae treatment induces a phenotypic and functional shift in immune cells, delaying DR progression, thereby spotlighting microglial cells as a promising therapeutic target in DR management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Eid Albalawi
- Regional laboratory, blood bank and poisons centre, Sakaka 72346, Saudi Arabia; Medical College, Fahad Bin Sultan University, Tabuk 47721, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ifat Alsharif
- Department of Biology, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamdoh S Moawadh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Faez Falah Alshehri
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Ad Dawadimi-17464, Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aishah E Albalawi
- Faculty of science, Department of Biology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47913, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah A Althobaiti
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Al Quwaiiyah, Shaqra University, Al Quwaiiyah 19257, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeyad M Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hailah M Almohaimeed
- Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O.Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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Sutrapu S, Pal RS, Khurana N, Vancha H, Mohd S, Chinnala KM, Kumar B, Pilli G. Diabetes Warriors from Heart Wood: Unveiling Dalbergin and Isoliquiritigenin from Dalbergia latifolia as Potential Antidiabetic Agents in-vitro and in-vivo. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01285-x. [PMID: 38740667 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01285-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a serious and complex metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. In recent years natural products has gained much more interest by researchers as alternative sources for diabetes treatment. Though many potential agents are identified so far but their clinical utility is limited because of their adverse effects. Therefore, there is a keen interest in discovering natural compounds to treat diabetes efficiently with less side effects. Dalbergia latifolia is well explored because of its diverse pharmacological activities including diabetes. Therefore, the present research work aimed to identify and isolate the potential antidiabetic agents from the heart wood of Dalbergia latifolia. We successfully extracted DGN and ISG from the heartwood and evaluated their antidiabetic potential both in-vivo and in-vitro. Alpha amylase activity inhibition of ISG and DGN was found to be 99.05 ± 8.54% (IC50 = 0.6025 µg/mL) and 84.68 ± 5.2% (IC50 = 0.0216 µg/mL) respectively. Glucose uptake assay revealed DGN (158%) promoted maximum uptake than ISG (77%) over control. In vivo anti diabetic activity was evaluated by inducing diabetes in SD rats with the help of HFD and STZ (35 mg/kg body weight). After the continuous administration of DGN (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg) and ISG (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg) for 14 days, we observed the reduction in the blood glucose levels, body weight, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, blood urea, serum creatinine, serum glutamate oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase levels than vehicle group indicates the potency of ISG and DGN against diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Sutrapu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Rashmi Saxena Pal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India.
| | - Navneet Khurana
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Harish Vancha
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Sharfuddin Mohd
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Chinnala
- School of Pharmacy, Nalla Narasimha Reddy Education Society's Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Bimlesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Govindaiah Pilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India.
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Dong C, Wu G, Li H, Qiao Y, Gao S. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mortality burden: Predictions for 2030 based on Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis of China and global mortality burden from 1990 to 2019. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:623-633. [PMID: 38265170 PMCID: PMC11060160 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study assessed diabetes (type 1 and type 2) mortality in China and globally from 1990 to 2019, predicting the next decade's trends. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data came from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database. The annual percentage change (AAPC) in age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) for diabetes (type 1 and type 2) during 1990-2019 was calculated. A Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model predicted diabetes (type 1 and type 2) mortality from 2020 to 2030. RESULTS In China, type 1 diabetes deaths declined from 6,005 to 4,504 cases (AAPC -2.827), while type 2 diabetes deaths rose from 64,084 to 168,388 cases (AAPC -0.763) from 1990 to 2019. Globally, type 1 diabetes deaths increased from 55,417 to 78,236 cases (AAPC 0.223), and type 2 diabetes deaths increased from 606,407 to 1,472,934 cases (AAPC 0.365). Both China and global trends showed declining type 1 diabetes ASMR. However, female type 2 diabetes ASMR in China initially increased and then decreased, while males had a rebound trend. Peak type 1 diabetes deaths were in the 40-44 age group, and type 2 diabetes peaked in those over 70. BAPC predicted declining diabetes (type 1 and type 2) mortality burden in China and globally over the next 10 years. CONCLUSIONS Type 2 diabetes mortality remained high in China and globally despite decreasing type 1 diabetes mortality over 30 years. Predictions suggest a gradual decrease in diabetes mortality over the next decade, highlighting the need for continued focus on type 2 diabetes prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Dong
- Department of EndocrinologyShaanxi Provincial People's HospitalXi'an CityChina
| | - Guifu Wu
- Department of EndocrinologyShaanxi Provincial People's HospitalXi'an CityChina
| | - Hui Li
- Department of EndocrinologyShaanxi Provincial People's HospitalXi'an CityChina
| | - Yuan Qiao
- Department of EndocrinologyShaanxi Provincial People's HospitalXi'an CityChina
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of EndocrinologyShaanxi Provincial People's HospitalXi'an CityChina
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Liu F, Zhao L, Wu T, Yu W, Li J, Wang W, Huang C, Diao Z, Xu Y. Targeting autophagy with natural products as a potential therapeutic approach for diabetic microangiopathy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1364616. [PMID: 38659578 PMCID: PMC11039818 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1364616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
As the quality of life improves, the incidence of diabetes mellitus and its microvascular complications (DMC) continues to increase, posing a threat to people's health and wellbeing. Given the limitations of existing treatment, there is an urgent need for novel approaches to prevent and treat DMC. Autophagy, a pivotal mechanism governing metabolic regulation in organisms, facilitates the removal of dysfunctional proteins and organelles, thereby sustaining cellular homeostasis and energy generation. Anomalous states in pancreatic β-cells, podocytes, Müller cells, cardiomyocytes, and Schwann cells in DMC are closely linked to autophagic dysregulation. Natural products have the property of being multi-targeted and can affect autophagy and hence DMC progression in terms of nutrient perception, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. This review consolidates recent advancements in understanding DMC pathogenesis via autophagy and proposes novel perspectives on treating DMC by either stimulating or inhibiting autophagy using natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhao Liu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wenfei Yu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jixin Li
- Xi yuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenru Wang
- Xi yuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcheng Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhihao Diao
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yunsheng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Cao Y, Su H, Zeng J, Xie Y, Liu Z, Liu F, Qiu Y, Yi F, Lin J, Hammes HP, Zhang C. Integrin β8 prevents pericyte-myofibroblast transition and renal fibrosis through inhibiting the TGF-β1/TGFBR1/Smad3 pathway in diabetic kidney disease. Transl Res 2024; 265:36-50. [PMID: 37931653 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the leading causes to develop end-stage kidney disease worldwide. Pericytes are implicated in the development of tissue fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanisms of pericytes in DKD remain largely unknown. We isolated and cultured primary pericytes and rat mesangial cells (HBZY-1). Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis were used to explore the role and regulatory mechanism of Integrin β8/transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) pathway. We also constructed pericyte-specific Integrin β8 knock-in mice as the research objects to determine the role of Integrin β8 in vivo. We discovered that reduced Integrin β8 expression was closely associated with pericyte transition in DKD. Overexpressed Integrin β8 in pericytes dramatically suppressed TGF-β1/TGF beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1)/Smad3 signaling pathway and protected glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) in vitro. In vivo, pericyte-specific Integrin β8 knock-in ameliorated pericyte transition, endothelium injury and renal fibrosis in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Mechanistically, Murine double minute 2 (MDM2) was found to increase the degradation of Integrin β8 and caused TGF-β1 release and activation. Knockdown MDM2 could partly reverse the decline of Integrin β8 and suppress pericytes transition. In conclusion, the present findings suggested that upregulated MDM2 expression contributes to the degradation of Integrin β8 and activation of TGF-β1/TGFBR1/Smad3 signaling pathway, which ultimately leads to pericyte transition during DKD progression. These results indicate MDM2/Integrin β8 might be considered as therapeutic targets for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hua Su
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jieyu Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yaru Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zezhou Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Fan Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jihong Lin
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Hammes
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Yan X, Fu P, Zhang Y, Ling D, Reynolds L, Hua W, Wang Z, Ma F, Li B, Yu J, Liu Y, Gong L, Zhang E. MCC950 Ameliorates Diabetic Muscle Atrophy in Mice by Inhibition of Pyroptosis and Its Synergistic Effect with Aerobic Exercise. Molecules 2024; 29:712. [PMID: 38338456 PMCID: PMC10856337 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic muscle atrophy is an inflammation-related complication of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Even though regular exercise prevents further deterioration of atrophic status, there is no effective mediator available for treatment and the underlying cellular mechanisms are less explored. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of MCC950, a specific, small-molecule inhibitor of NLRP3, to treat pyroptosis and diabetic muscle atrophy in mice. Furthermore, we used MCC950 to intervene in the protective effects of aerobic exercise against muscle atrophy in diabetic mice. Blood and gastrocnemius muscle (GAS) samples were collected after 12 weeks of intervention and the atrophic state was assessed. We initially corroborated a diabetic muscle atrophy phenotype in db/db mice (D) by comparison with control m/m mice (W) by examining parameters such as fasting blood glucose (D vs. W: 24.47 ± 0.45 mmol L-1 vs. 4.26 ± 0.6 mmol L-1, p < 0.05), grip strength (D vs. W: 166.87 ± 15.19 g vs. 191.76 ± 14.13 g, p < 0.05), exercise time (D vs. W: 1082.38 ± 104.67 s vs. 1716 ± 168.55 s, p < 0.05) and exercise speed to exhaustion (D vs. W: 24.25 ± 2.12 m min-1 vs. 34.75 ± 2.66 m min-1, p < 0.05), GAS wet weight (D vs. W: 0.07 ± 0.01 g vs. 0.13 ± 0.01 g, p < 0.05), the ratio of GAS wet weight to body weight (D vs. W: 0.18 ± 0.01% vs. 0.54 ± 0.02%, p < 0.05), and muscle fiber cross-sectional area (FCSA) (D vs. W: 1875 ± 368.19 µm2 vs. 2747.83 ± 406.44 µm2, p < 0.05). We found that both MCC950 (10 mg kg-1) treatment and exercise improved the atrophic parameters that had deteriorated in the db/db mice, inhibited serum inflammatory markers and significantly attenuated pyroptosis in atrophic GAS. In addition, a combined MCC950 treatment with exercise (DEI) exhibited a further improvement in glucose uptake capacity and muscle performance. This combined treatment also improved the FCSA of GAS muscle indicated by Laminin immunofluorescence compared to the group with the inhibitor treatment alone (DI) (DEI vs. DI: 2597 ± 310.97 vs. 1974.67 ± 326.15 µm2, p < 0.05) or exercise only (DE) (DEI vs. DE: 2597 ± 310.97 vs. 2006.33 ± 263.468 µm2, p < 0.05). Intriguingly, the combination of MCC950 treatment and exercise significantly reduced NLRP3-mediated inflammatory factors such as cleaved-Caspase-1, GSDMD-N and prevented apoptosis and pyroptosis in atrophic GAS. These findings for the first time demonstrate that targeting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis with MCC950 improves diabetic muscle homeostasis and muscle function. We also report that inhibiting pyroptosis by MCC950 can enhance the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on diabetic muscle atrophy. Since T2DM and muscle atrophy are age-related diseases, the young mice used in the current study do not seem to fully reflect the characteristics of diabetic muscle atrophy. Considering the fragile nature of db/db mice and for the complete implementation of the exercise intervention, we used relatively young db/db mice and the atrophic state in the mice was thoroughly confirmed. Taken together, the current study comprehensively investigated the therapeutic effect of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis inhibited by MCC950 on diabetic muscle mass, strength and exercise performance, as well as the synergistic effects of MCC950 and exercise intervention, therefore providing a novel strategy for the treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Physical Fitness of Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.)
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (P.F.); (D.L.); (W.H.); (Z.W.); (F.M.); (B.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Pengyu Fu
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (P.F.); (D.L.); (W.H.); (Z.W.); (F.M.); (B.L.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Physical Education, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Physical Fitness of Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.)
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (P.F.); (D.L.); (W.H.); (Z.W.); (F.M.); (B.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Dongmei Ling
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (P.F.); (D.L.); (W.H.); (Z.W.); (F.M.); (B.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Lewis Reynolds
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden (E.Z.)
- NanoLund Center for NanoScience, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Weicheng Hua
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (P.F.); (D.L.); (W.H.); (Z.W.); (F.M.); (B.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (P.F.); (D.L.); (W.H.); (Z.W.); (F.M.); (B.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Fangyuan Ma
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (P.F.); (D.L.); (W.H.); (Z.W.); (F.M.); (B.L.); (Y.L.)
- School of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Boxuan Li
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (P.F.); (D.L.); (W.H.); (Z.W.); (F.M.); (B.L.); (Y.L.)
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jingjing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Physical Fitness of Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yujia Liu
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (P.F.); (D.L.); (W.H.); (Z.W.); (F.M.); (B.L.); (Y.L.)
- Institute of Physical Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Lijing Gong
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Physical Fitness of Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.)
| | - Enming Zhang
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden (E.Z.)
- NanoLund Center for NanoScience, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
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11
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Batulwar PS, Anjankar A. Individuals Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Status of Vitamin B12 Deficiency: A Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e55103. [PMID: 38558585 PMCID: PMC10978817 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder with a multifactorial etiology and a significant global burden. In recent years, emerging evidence has suggested a potential link between T2DM and vitamin B12 deficiency, raising concerns about its impact on disease progression, management, and associated complications. This comprehensive review critically examines the current understanding of the prevalence, risk factors, clinical implications, and management strategies related to vitamin B12 deficiency in individuals diagnosed with T2DM. The review begins by providing an overview of the epidemiology of T2DM and its associated complications, underscoring the need for comprehensive management approaches. Subsequently, it delves into the physiology of vitamin B12, including its sources, absorption mechanisms, and biological functions, laying the groundwork for understanding the potential implications of deficiency in T2DM. A thorough analysis of the literature is conducted to elucidate the prevalence and risk factors of vitamin B12 deficiency in individuals with T2DM, considering factors such as age, duration of diabetes, medication use (e.g., metformin), dietary patterns, and comorbidities. Special attention is given to the role of metformin, the first-line therapy for T2DM, in precipitating or exacerbating vitamin B12 deficiency through mechanisms involving alterations in the gut microbiota and intestinal absorption. The review further explores the clinical manifestations and diagnostic challenges associated with vitamin B12 deficiency in the context of T2DM, emphasizing the importance of recognizing subtle symptoms and implementing appropriate screening protocols. It discusses the potential implications of vitamin B12 deficiency on glycemic control, diabetic neuropathy, cognitive function, cardiovascular health, and overall quality of life in individuals with T2DM. In addressing the management of vitamin B12 deficiency in T2DM, the review examines various therapeutic strategies, including oral and parenteral supplementation, dietary modifications, and lifestyle interventions. It critically evaluates the evidence supporting routine screening for vitamin B12 deficiency in individuals with T2DM and discusses controversies surrounding optimal supplementation protocols, dosing regimens, and monitoring strategies. Furthermore, the review highlights gaps in current knowledge and identifies areas for future research, such as the long-term effects of vitamin B12 supplementation on clinical outcomes in T2DM, the impact of genetic factors on vitamin B12 metabolism, and the potential role of personalized interventions. Overall, this review consolidates existing evidence and provides insights into the complex relationship between T2DM and vitamin B12 deficiency, aiming to inform clinical practice, enhance patient care, and guide future research endeavors in this important area of metabolic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratiksha S Batulwar
- Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Ashish Anjankar
- Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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12
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Anuradha U, Mehra NK, Khatri DK. Understanding molecular mechanisms and miRNA-based targets in diabetes foot ulcers. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:82. [PMID: 38183502 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09074-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
In today's culture, obesity and overweight are serious issues that have an impact on how quickly diabetes develops and how it causes complications. For the development of more effective therapies, it is crucial to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the chronic problems of diabetes. The most prominent effects of diabetes are microvascular abnormalities such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, especially diabetes foot ulcers, as well as macrovascular abnormalities such as heart disease and atherosclerosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are highly conserved endogenous short non-coding RNA molecules, have been implicated in several physiological functions recently, including the earliest stages of the disease. By binding to particular messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which cause mRNA degradation, translation inhibition, or even gene activation, it primarily regulates posttranscriptional gene expression. These molecules exhibit considerable potential as diagnostic biomarkers for disease and are interesting treatment targets. This review will provide an overview of the latest findings on the key functions that miRNAs role in diabetes and its complications, with an emphasis on the various stages of diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urati Anuradha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana , 500037, India.
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
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Sood A, Fernandes V, Preeti K, Rajan S, Khatri DK, Singh SB. S1PR2 inhibition mitigates cognitive deficit in diabetic mice by modulating microglial activation via Akt-p53-TIGAR pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111278. [PMID: 38011768 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive deficit is one of the challenging complications of type 2 diabetes. Sphingosine 1- phosphate receptors (S1PRs) have been implicated in various neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders. The association of S1PRs and cognition in type 2 diabetes remains elusive. Microglia-mediated neuronal damage could be the thread propagating cognitive deficit. The effects of S1PR2 inhibition on cognition in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were examined in this work. We further assessed microglial activation and putative microglial polarisation routes. Cognitive function loss was observed after four months of diabetes induction in Type 2 diabetes animal model. JTE013, an S1PR2 inhibitor, was used to assess neuroprotection against cognitive decline and neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo diabetes model. JTE013 (10 mg/kg) improved synaptic plasticity by upregulating psd95 and synaptophysin while reducing cognitive decline and neuroinflammation. It further enhanced anti-inflammatory microglia in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC), as evidenced by increased Arg-1, CD206, and YM-1 levels and decreased iNOS, CD16, and MHCII levels. TIGAR, TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator, might facilitate the anti-inflammatory microglial phenotype by promoting oxidative phosphorylation and decreasing apoptosis. However, since p53 is a TIGAR suppressor, inhibiting p53 could be beneficial. S1PR2 inhibition increased p-Akt and TIGAR levels and reduced the levels of p53 in the PFC and hippocampus of type 2 diabetic mice, thereby decreasing apoptosis. In vitro, palmitate was used to imitate sphingolipid dysregulation in BV2 cells, followed by conditioned media exposure to Neuro2A cells. JTE013 rescued the palmitate-induced neuronal apoptosis by promoting the anti-inflammatory microglia. In the present study, we demonstrate that the inhibition of S1PR2 improves cognitive function and skews microglia toward anti-inflammatory phenotype in type 2 diabetic mice, thereby promising to be a potential therapy for neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Sood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Valencia Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Kumari Preeti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Shruti Rajan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
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Elfaki I, Mir R, Tayeb F, Alalawy AI, Barnawi J, Dabla PK, Moawadh MS. Potential Association of The Pathogenic Kruppel-like Factor 14 (KLF14) and Adiponectin (ADIPOQ) SNVs with Susceptibility to T2DM. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:1090-1100. [PMID: 38031795 DOI: 10.2174/0118715303258744231117064253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the associations of the pathogenic variants in Kruppel-like Factor 14 (KLF 14) and Adiponectin (ADIPOQ) with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a pandemic metabolic disease characterized by increased blood sugar and caused by resistance to insulin in peripheral tissues and damage to pancreatic beta cells. Kruppel-like Factor 14 (KLF-14) is proposed to be a regulator of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity. Adiponectin (ADIPOQ) is an adipocytokine produced by the adipocytes and other tissues and was reported to be involved in T2DM. OBJECTIVES To study the possible association of the KLF-14 rs972283 and ADIPOQ-rs266729 with the risk of T2DM in the Saudi population. METHODS We have evaluated the association of KLF-14 rs972283 C>T and ADIPOQ-rs266729 C>G SNV with the risk to T2D in the Saudi population using the Amplification Refractory Mutation System PCR (ARMS-PCR), and blood biochemistry analysis. For the KLF-14 rs972283 C>T SNV we included 115 cases and 116 healthy controls, and ADIPOQ-rs266729 C>G SNV, 103 cases and 104 healthy controls were included. RESULTS Results indicated that the KLF-14 rs972283 GA genotype and A allele were associated with T2D risk with OR=2.14, p-value= 0.014 and OR=1.99, p-value=0.0003, respectively. Results also ADIPOQ-rs266729 CG genotype and C allele were associated with an elevated T2D risk with an OR=2.53, p=0.003 and OR=1.66, p-value =0.012, respectively. CONCLUSION We conclude that SNVs in KLF-14 and ADIPOQ are potential loci for T2D risk. Future large-scale studies to verify these findings are recommended. These results need further verifications in protein functional and large-scale case control studies before being introduced for genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imadeldin Elfaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Tayeb
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel I Alalawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jameel Barnawi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pradeep Kumar Dabla
- Department of Biochemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (GIPMER), Associated to Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Mamdoh Shafig Moawadh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Brinkmann C. Road map for personalized exercise medicine in T2DM. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:789-798. [PMID: 37730486 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising at an alarming rate. Regular physical activity and exercise are cornerstones in the therapy of T2DM. While a one-size-fits-all approach fails to account for many between-subject differences, the use of personalized exercise medicine has the potential of optimizing health outcomes. Here, a road map for personalized exercise therapy targeted at patients with T2DM is presented. It considers secondary complications, glucose management, response heterogeneity, and other relevant factors that might influence the effectiveness of exercise as medicine, taking exercise-medication-diet interactions, as well as feasibility and acceptance into account. Furthermore, the potential of artificial intelligence and machine learning-based applications in assisting sports therapists to find appropriate exercise programs is outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Brinkmann
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, Department of Preventive and Rehabilitative Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Fitness & Health, IST University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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16
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Abu-Khudir R, Badr GM, Abd El-Moaty HI, Hamad RS, Al Abdulsalam NK, Abdelrahem ASA, Alqarni S, Alkuwayti MA, Salam SA, Abd El-Kareem HF. Garden Cress Seed Oil Abrogates Testicular Oxidative Injury and NF-kB-Mediated Inflammation in Diabetic Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15478. [PMID: 37895159 PMCID: PMC10607464 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder associated with various complications encompassing male reproductive dysfunction. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of biologically active Lepidium sativum seed oil (LSO) against the testicular dysfunction associated with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Male adults (n = 24) were divided into four groups: control, LSO-administered, diabetic (D), and LSO-treated diabetic (D+LSO) groups. LSO was extracted from L. sativum seeds, and its chemical composition was determined using GC-MS. Serum testosterone levels, testicular enzymatic antioxidants (catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)), an oxidative stress (OS) biomarker, malondialdehyde (MDA), pro-inflammatory markers (NF-kB, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α), and the expression level of NF-kB were assessed. In addition, histopathological changes were evaluated in testicular tissues. The results obtained showed that the chemical composition of LSO indicated its enrichment mainly with γ-tocopherol (62.1%), followed by 2-methylhexacosane (8.12%), butylated hydroxytoluene (8.04%), 10-Methylnonadecane (4.81%), and δ-tocopherol (3.91%). Moreover, LSO administration in the D+LSO mice significantly increased testosterone levels and ameliorated the observed testicular oxidative damage, inflammatory response, and reduced NF-kB expression compared to the diabetic mice. Biochemical and molecular analyses confirmed the histological results. In conclusion, LSO may prevent the progression of diabetes-induced impairment in the testes through inhibition of the OS- and NF-kB-mediated inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Abu-Khudir
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Gehan M. Badr
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (G.M.B.); (H.F.A.E.-K.)
| | - Heba Ibrahim Abd El-Moaty
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (H.I.A.E.-M.); (R.S.H.); (N.K.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Desert Research Center El-Mataria, Cairo 11753, Egypt
| | - Rabab S. Hamad
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (H.I.A.E.-M.); (R.S.H.); (N.K.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
- Central Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Najla K. Al Abdulsalam
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (H.I.A.E.-M.); (R.S.H.); (N.K.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Aml Sayed Ali Abdelrahem
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saleha Alqarni
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Science King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mayyadah Abdullah Alkuwayti
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (H.I.A.E.-M.); (R.S.H.); (N.K.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Sherine Abdel Salam
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt;
| | - Hanaa F. Abd El-Kareem
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (G.M.B.); (H.F.A.E.-K.)
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17
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Sayedali E, Yalin AE, Yalin S. Association between metformin and vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:585-593. [PMID: 37273250 PMCID: PMC10236989 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i5.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is still one of the most common diseases worldwide, and its prevalence is still increasing globally. According to the American and European recommendations, metformin is considered a first-line oral hypo-glycemic drug for controlling type 2 DM (T2DM) patients. Metformin is the ninth most often prescribed drug in the world, and at least 120 million diabetic people are estimated to receive the drug. In the last 20 years, there has been increasing evidence of vitamin B12 deficiency among metformin-treated diabetic patients. Many studies have reported that vitamin B12 deficiency is related to the ma-labsorption of vitamin B12 among metformin-treated T2DM patients. Vitamin B12 deficiency may have a very bad complication for the T2DM patient. In this review, we will focus on the effect of metformin on the absorption of vitamin B12 and on its proposed mechanisms in hindering vitamin B12 absorption. In addition, the review will describe the clinical outcomes of vitamin B12 deficiency in metformin-treated T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Sayedali
- Department of Biochemistry,Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin 33169, Turkey
| | - Ali Erdinç Yalin
- Department of Biochemistry,Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin 33169, Turkey
| | - Serap Yalin
- Department of Biochemistry,Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin 33169, Turkey
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18
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Yang C, Qiu H, Lv M, Yang J, Wu K, Huang J, Jiang Q. Gastrodin protects endothelial cells against high glucose-induced injury through up-regulation of PPARβ and alleviation of nitrative stress. Microvasc Res 2023; 148:104531. [PMID: 36963481 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
In diabetes mellitus (DM), high glucose can result in endothelial cell injury, and then lead to diabetic vascular complications. Gastrodin, as the mainly components of Chinese traditional herb Tianma (Gastrodia elata Bl.), has been widely used for cardiovascular diseases. However, the known of the effect of gastrodin on endothelial cell injury is still limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect and possible mechanism of gastrodin on high glucose-injured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). High glucose (30 mmol/L) treatment caused HUVEC injury. After gastrodin (0.1, 1, 10 μmol/L) treatment, compared with the high glucose group, the cell proliferation ability increased in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, gastrodin (10 μmol/L) up-regulated the mRNA and protein expressions of PPARβ and eNOS, decreased the expressions of iNOS, also reduced the protein expression of 3-nitrotyrosine, and lowed the level of ONOO-, increased NO content. Both the PPARβ antagonist GSK0660 (1 μmol/L) and the eNOS inhibitor L-NAME (10 μmol/L) were able to block the above effects of gastrodin. In conclusion, gastrodin protectes vascular endothelial cells from high glucose injury, which may be, at least partly, mediated by up-regulating the expression of PPARβ and negatively regulating nitrative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Hongmei Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Mingqi Lv
- Experimental Teaching Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Junxia Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Ke Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jiajun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Qingsong Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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19
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Expression profiles of tRNA‑derived fragments in high glucose‑treated tubular epithelial cells. Exp Ther Med 2022; 25:26. [PMID: 36561608 PMCID: PMC9748664 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfer RNA-derived fragments (tRFs), a novel class of small non-coding RNA produced by the cleavage of pre- and mature tRNAs, are involved in various diseases. Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a common final pathway in diabetic nephropathy (DN) in which hyperglycemia-induced tubular extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation serves a vital role. The present study aimed to detect and investigate the role of tRFs in the accumulation of tubular ECM. Differentially expressed tRFs were analysed with high-throughput sequencing in primary mouse tubular epithelial cells treated with high glucose (HG). The Gene Ontology (GO) was used to analyze the potential molecular functions of these differentially expressed tRFs, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to analyze the associated signaling pathways involved in these differentially expressed tRFs. tRF-1:30-Gln-CTG-4 was overexpressed using tRF-1:30-Gln-CTG-4 mimic, followed by HG treatment. A total of 554 distinct tRFs were detected and 64 differentially expressed tRFs (fold change >2; P<0.05) were identified in tubular epithelial cells following high glucose (HG) treatment, among which 27 were upregulated and 37 were downregulated. Ten selected tRFs with the greatest difference (fold change >2; P<0.05) were verified to be consistent with small RNA-sequencing data, of which tRF-1:30-Gln-CTG-4 showed the most pronounced difference in expression and was significantly decreased in response to HG. GO analysis indicated that the differentially expressed tRFs were associated with 'cellular process', 'biological regulation' and 'metabolic process'. An analysis of the KEGG database suggested that these differentially expressed tRFs were involved in 'autophagy' and signaling pathways for 'forkhead box O', 'the mammalian target of rapamycin' and 'mitogen-activated protein kinase'. Finally, the overexpression of tRF-1:30-Gln-CTG-4 ameliorated HG-induced ECM accumulation in tubular epithelial cells. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that there may be a significant association between tRFs and HG-induced ECM accumulation in tubular epithelial cells; these differentially expressed tRFs warrant further study to explore the pathogenesis of DN.
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20
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Wu Y, Lan H, Zhang D, Hu Z, Zhang J, Li Z, Xia P, Tang X, Cai X, Yu P. Research progress on ncRNAs regulation of mitochondrial dynamics in diabetes. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:4112-4131. [PMID: 36125936 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and its complications are major health concerns worldwide that should be routinely monitored for evaluating disease progression. And there is currently much evidence to suggest a critical role for mitochondria in the common pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Mitochondrial dynamics are involved in the development of diabetes through mediating insulin signaling and insulin resistance, and in the development of diabetes and its complications through mediating endothelial impairment and other closely related pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are closely linked to mitochondrial dynamics by regulating the expression of mitochondrial dynamic-associated proteins, or by regulating key proteins in related signaling pathways. Therefore, this review summarizes the research progress on the regulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics by ncRNAs in diabetes and its complications, which is a promising area for future antibodies or targeted drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huixin Lan
- Huankui College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Deju Zhang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ziyan Hu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhangwang Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Panpan Xia
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyi Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xia Cai
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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21
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Shen Y, Li M, Wang K, Qi G, Liu H, Wang W, Ji Y, Chang M, Deng C, Xu F, Shen M, Sun H. Diabetic Muscular Atrophy: Molecular Mechanisms and Promising Therapies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:917113. [PMID: 35846289 PMCID: PMC9279556 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.917113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a typical chronic disease that can be divided into 2 types, dependent on insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. Incidences of diabetic complications gradually increase as the disease progresses. Studies in diabetes complications have mostly focused on kidney and cardiovascular diseases, as well as neuropathy. However, DM can also cause skeletal muscle atrophy. Diabetic muscular atrophy is an unrecognized diabetic complication that can lead to quadriplegia in severe cases, seriously impacting patients' quality of life. In this review, we first identify the main molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy from the aspects of protein degradation and synthesis signaling pathways. Then, we discuss the molecular regulatory mechanisms of diabetic muscular atrophy, and outline potential drugs and treatments in terms of insulin resistance, insulin deficiency, inflammation, oxidative stress, glucocorticoids, and other factors. It is worth noting that inflammation and oxidative stress are closely related to insulin resistance and insulin deficiency in diabetic muscular atrophy. Regulating inflammation and oxidative stress may represent another very important way to treat diabetic muscular atrophy, in addition to controlling insulin signaling. Understanding the molecular regulatory mechanism of diabetic muscular atrophy could help to reveal new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntian Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Binhai County People’s Hospital affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Guangdong Qi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Binhai County People’s Hospital affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yanan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mengyuan Chang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chunyan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
| | - Mi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hualin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Nanjing Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Technology, Nanjing, China
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22
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Diabetes Aggravates Photoreceptor Pathologies in a Mouse Model for Ocular Vitamin A Deficiency. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061142. [PMID: 35740038 PMCID: PMC9219864 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that diabetes disturbs photoreceptor function and vitamin A homeostasis. However, the biochemical basis of this phenotype is not well established. Here, we compared the effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in wild-type (WT) mice and Stra6-/- mice, a mouse model for ocular vitamin A deficiency. After 8 weeks, diabetes increased serum retinyl esters in mice of both genotypes. The eyes of diabetic WT mice displayed increased superoxide levels but no changes in retinoid concentrations. Diabetic Stra6-/- mice showed increased ocular retinoid concentrations, but superoxide levels remained unchanged. After 30 weeks, significant alterations in liver and fat retinoid concentrations were observed in diabetic mice. Diabetic WT mice exhibited a decreased expression of visual cycle proteins and a thinning of the photoreceptor layer. Stra6-/- mice displayed significantly lower ocular retinoid concentration than WT mice. An altered retinal morphology and a reduced expression of photoreceptor marker genes paralleled these biochemical changes and were more pronounced in the diabetic animals. Taken together, we observed that diabetes altered vitamin A homeostasis in several organ systems and aggravated photoreceptor pathologies in the vitamin-deficient mouse eyes.
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Yang J, Liu Z. Mechanistic Pathogenesis of Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetic Nephropathy and Retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:816400. [PMID: 35692405 PMCID: PMC9174994 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.816400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are microvascular complications of diabetes. Microvascular endothelial cells are thought to be the major targets of hyperglycemic injury. In diabetic microvasculature, the intracellular hyperglycemia causes damages to the vascular endothelium, via multiple pathophysiological process consist of inflammation, endothelial cell crosstalk with podocytes/pericytes and exosomes. In addition, DN and DR diseases development are involved in several critical regulators including the cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and the Notch signal. The present review attempts to gain a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis complexities underlying the endothelial dysfunction in diabetes diabetic and retinopathy, contributing to the development of new mechanistic therapeutic strategies against diabetes-induced microvascular endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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24
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Mayrovitz HN, Maqsood R, Tawakalzada AS. Do Magnetic Fields Have a Place in Treating Vascular Complications in Diabetes? Cureus 2022; 14:e24883. [PMID: 35698680 PMCID: PMC9184174 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of electromagnetic field therapy (EMFT) is a non-invasive, potential alternative or complementary choice in the treatment of wounds, chronic pain, neuropathy, and other medical conditions, including tissue repair and cell proliferation. Static magnetic fields (SMFs) have been reported to increase microcirculatory blood flow by mediating vasodilation via nitric oxide. Studies report that SMF exposure causes homeostatic, normalizing effects on the vascular tone that may have beneficial effects in situations where tissue perfusion is limited, such as may be present in diabetes. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have also shown promise in treating diabetic wounds by improving wound healing rates and other attributes. Our purpose was to critically review prior applications of EMFT for relevancy and effectiveness in treating diabetic complications. The goal was to provide information to allow for informed decisions on the possible use of these modalities in the treatment of persons with diabetic complications. The focus was on the following major areas: wound healing, neuropathy, blood glucose control, blood flow, inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Napoli C, Benincasa G, Ellahham S. Precision Medicine in Patients with Differential Diabetic Phenotypes: Novel Opportunities from Network Medicine. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e221221199301. [PMID: 34951369 DOI: 10.2174/1573399818666211222164400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus (DM) comprises differential clinical phenotypes ranging from rare monogenic to common polygenic forms, such as type 1 (T1DM), type 2 (T2DM), and gestational diabetes, which are associated with cardiovascular complications. Also, the high- -risk prediabetic state is rising worldwide, suggesting the urgent need for early personalized strategies to prevent and treat a hyperglycemic state. OBJECTIVE We aim to discuss the advantages and challenges of Network Medicine approaches in clarifying disease-specific molecular pathways, which may open novel ways for repurposing approved drugs to reach diabetes precision medicine and personalized therapy. CONCLUSION The interactome or protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is a useful tool to identify subtle molecular differences between precise diabetic phenotypes and predict putative novel drugs. Despite being previously unappreciated as T2DM determinants, the growth factor receptor-bound protein 14 (GRB14), calmodulin 2 (CALM2), and protein kinase C-alpha (PRKCA) might have a relevant role in disease pathogenesis. Besides, in silico platforms have suggested that diflunisal, nabumetone, niflumic acid, and valdecoxib may be suitable for the treatment of T1DM; phenoxybenzamine and idazoxan for the treatment of T2DM by improving insulin secretion; and hydroxychloroquine reduce the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) by counteracting inflammation. Network medicine has the potential to improve precision medicine in diabetes care and enhance personalized therapy. However, only randomized clinical trials will confirm the clinical utility of network- oriented biomarkers and drugs in the management of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Napoli
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138- Naples, Italy
- Clinical Department of Internal and Specialty Medicine (DAI), University Hospital (AOU), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuditta Benincasa
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138- Naples, Italy
| | - Samer Ellahham
- Department of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Kurushina O, Barulin A, Chernovolenko E. Neurotrophic therapy in the treatment of a comorbid patient with cerebrovascular pathology and diabetes mellitus. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2022; 122:112-119. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2022122081112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Curcumin Antagonizes Glucose Fluctuation-Induced Renal Injury by Inhibiting Aerobic Glycolysis via the miR-489/LDHA Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:6104529. [PMID: 34456629 PMCID: PMC8387199 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6104529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been considered that glucose fluctuation (GF) plays a role in renal injury and is related to diabetic nephropathy (DN) development. But the mechanism is still unclear. Aerobic glycolysis has become a topical issue in DN in recent years. There is an internal connection between GF, aerobic glycolysis, and DN. Curcumin (Cur) is a principal curcuminoid of turmeric and possesses specific protective properties in kidney functions. Cur also participates in the regulation of aerobic glycolysis switch. In this study, we first measured the levels of aerobic glycolysis and evaluated Cur's inhibitory ability in a cell model of HEK-293 under the condition of oscillating high glucose. The results indicated that GF exacerbated inflammation injury, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HEK-293 cell, while Cur alleviated this cytotoxicity induced by GF. We found that GF increased aerobic glycolysis in HEK-293 cells and Cur presented a dose-dependent weakening effect to this exacerbation. Next, we built a panel of 17 miRNAs and 8 lncRNAs that were previously reported to mediate the Warburg effect. Our RT-qPCR results indicated that GF reduced the miR-489 content in the HEK-293 cell model and Cur could prevent this downregulation. Then, we planned to explore the character of miR-489 in Cur-triggered attenuation of the Warburg effect under GF condition. Our findings presented that Cur prevented GF-triggered aerobic glycolysis by upregulating miR-489 in HEK-293 cells. Next, we choose the miR-489/LDHA axis for further investigation. We confirmed that Cur prevented GF-triggered aerobic glycolysis via the miR-489/LDHA axis in HEK-293 cells. In conclusion, this study presented that Cur prevented GF-triggered renal injury by restraining aerobic glycolysis via the miR-489/LDHA axis in the HEK-293 cell model.
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