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Rani L, Saini S, Thakur RS, Patel DK, Chowdhuri DK, Gautam NK. Single and combined effect of bisphenol A with high sucrose diet on the diabetic and renal tubular dysfunction phenotypes in Drosophila melanogaster. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:103977. [PMID: 36210596 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, effect of exposure of bisphenol A (BPA) and combined exposure of BPA + HSD has been investigated on the glucose homeostasis and associated renal complications in Drosophila. Exposure of 1.0 mM BPA alone induced type 2 diabetes like condition (T2D) in adult male D. melanogaster via oxidative stress. Elevated TGF-β signaling was evident by increased expression of baboon (babo) in BPA exposed organism that stimulated the modulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) component collagen IV resulting in the fibrosis of the Malpighian tubules (MTs). Combined exposure of BPA + HSD (high sucrose diet) resulted in the increased magnitude of T2D and MTs dysfunction parameters. Taken together, the study illustrates that BPA has diabetogenic potential in exposed Drosophila that caused adverse effects on their MTs and combined exposure with BPA and HSD could aggravate the renal tubular dysfunction. The study further suggests the use of Drosophila model to study the environmental chemicals induced diabetes mediated renal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavi Rani
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India; Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), VishvigyanBhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Saini
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India; Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), VishvigyanBhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravindra Singh Thakur
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India; Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Patel
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India; Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Debapratim Kar Chowdhuri
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), VishvigyanBhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Naveen Kumar Gautam
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Ellis BW, Ronan G, Ren X, Bahcecioglu G, Senapati S, Anderson D, Handberg E, March KL, Chang HC, Zorlutuna P. Human Heart Anoxia and Reperfusion Tissue (HEART) Model for the Rapid Study of Exosome Bound miRNA Expression As Biomarkers for Myocardial Infarction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201330. [PMID: 35670145 PMCID: PMC9283287 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Current biomarkers for myocardial infarction (MI) diagnosis are typically late markers released upon cell death, incapable of distinguishing between ischemic and reperfusion injury and can be symptoms of other pathologies. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been proposed as alternative biomarkers for MI diagnosis; however, detecting the changes in the human cardiac miRNA profile during MI is extremely difficult. Here, to study the changes in miRNA levels during acute MI, a heart-on-chip model with a cardiac channel, containing human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes in human heart decellularized matrix and collagen, and a vascular channel, containing hiPSC-derived endothelial cells, is developed. This model is exposed to anoxia followed by normoxia to mimic ischemia and reperfusion, respectively. Using a highly sensitive miRNA biosensor that the authors developed, the exact same increase in miR-1, miR-208b, and miR-499 levels in the MI-on-chip and the time-matched human blood plasma samples collected before and after ischemia and reperfusion, is shown. That the surface marker profile of exosomes in the engineered model changes in response to ischemic and reperfusion injury, which can be used as biomarkers to detect MI, is also shown. Hence, the MI-on-chip model developed here can be used in biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley W Ellis
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - George Ronan
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Xiang Ren
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Gokhan Bahcecioglu
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Satyajyoti Senapati
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - David Anderson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine in the College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Eileen Handberg
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine in the College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Keith L March
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine in the College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Hsueh-Chia Chang
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Pinar Zorlutuna
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
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Novoselova EG, Glushkova OV, Khrenov MO, Lunin SM, Novoselova TV, Parfenuyk SB. Role of Innate Immunity and Oxidative Stress in the Development of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Peroxiredoxin 6 as a New Anti-Diabetic Agent. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:1579-1589. [PMID: 34937537 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921120075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The review discusses information on the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) as a systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disease. Focus of the review is on the role of innate immune system, including activation of some signaling cascades, cytokine response, and activity of the Toll-like receptors in the development of T1D. Dysfunction of innate immunity is the cause of the attack of pancreatic beta cells by the host T-lymphocytes, which leads to the death of pancreatic beta cells that produce insulin. Lack of insulin causes hyperglycemia and the need for lifelong injections of insulin in patients with T1D, which, nevertheless, does not exclude damage to many organs and tissues, given particular vulnerability of the blood vessels under conditions of hyperglycemia. The review discusses the role of oxidative stress as a factor that plays a major role in damage of vascular system and pancreatic tissue during the development of T1D. Considering high sensitivity of pancreatic beta cells to the action of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the possibility of using antioxidants for reducing the level of pathological consequences in the course of T1D development is discussed. New information on anti-diabetic activity of the exogenous antioxidant enzyme peroxiredoxin 6, which is capable of penetrating cells, activating insulin production in beta cells, reducing ROS levels, as well as decreasing activation of some signaling cascades, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and expression of Toll-like receptors in beta cells and in immune cells during T1D development is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena G Novoselova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Olga V Glushkova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Maxim O Khrenov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Sergey M Lunin
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Tatyana V Novoselova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Svetlana B Parfenuyk
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
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Raish M, Ahmad A, Bin Jardan YA, Shahid M, Alkharfy KM, Ahad A, Ansari MA, Abdelrahman IA, Al-Jenoobi FI. Sinapic acid ameliorates cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyopathy by modulating NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways in streptozocin induced diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112412. [PMID: 34768051 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia-arbitrated mitochondrial oxidative insult is key reason for cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyopathy. Sinapic acid (SA) is a hydroxycinnamic acid (a polyphenolic acid) present in multiple plants and possesses several pharmacological activities. In this study, we examined the cardio protective effects of SA on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced cardiac insults. STZ and both STZ induced diabetes and normal control rats were administered with 20 and 40 mg/kg SA for 12 weeks. STZ rats demonstrated hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Additionally, STZ administered rats exhibited various histological changes in the cardiac muscles and significantly enhanced CK-MB and LDH. The significant enhancement of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic markers, and the capacity to curb oxidative stress was significantly abridged in the STZ induced diabetic heart. Chronic treatment with SA (20-40 mg/kg) ameliorated the increased level of glucose, lipid, and cardiac function markers and curtailed histological changes in the cardiac muscles. Chronic treatment also repressed inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis thereby and restoring antioxidant defenses in the myocardium of STZ induced diabetic rats. STZ induced cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyopathy by promoting inflammation and oxidative stress. Sinapic acid ameliorates cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyopathy via improvement of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Thus, SA possesses possible therapeutic value for the prevention of diabetic cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyopathy via the NRF2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Raish
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef A Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mudassar Shahid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Alkharfy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Ahad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fahad I Al-Jenoobi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Isolinderalactone Induces Cell Death via Mitochondrial Superoxide- and STAT3-Mediated Pathways in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207530. [PMID: 33066004 PMCID: PMC7589373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mortality rate of ovarian cancer (OC) worldwide increases with age. OC is an often fatal cancer with a curative rate of only 20–30%, as symptoms often appear after disease progression. Studies have reported that isolinderalactone (ILL), a furanosesquiterpene derivative extracted from the dried root of Lindera aggregata, can inhibit several cancer cell lines’ growth. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ILL activities in human OC cells remain unexplored. This study investigated the antitumor activities of ILL in human OC cells by inducing mitochondrial superoxide (mtSO) and JAK-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-dependent cell death. ILL caused cell death in SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells and increased the cell proportion in the subG1 phase. Additionally, ILL significantly induced mtSO production and reduced ROS production. Moreover, ILL downregulated mitochondrial membrane potential and the expression levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins and superoxide dismutase (SOD)2. Results showed that ILL decreased phosphorylation of serine 727 and tyrosine 705 of STAT3 and expression of survivin, a STAT3-regulated gene. Furthermore, ILL-induced cell death was reversed by pretreatment of Mito-TEMPO, a mitochondria-specific antioxidant. These results suggest that ILL induces cell death by upregulation of mtSO, downregulation of mitochondrial SOD2, and inactivation of the STAT3-mediated pathway.
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Ali TM, Abo-Salem OM, El Esawy BH, El Askary A. The Potential Protective Effects of Diosmin on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Rats. Am J Med Sci 2019; 359:32-41. [PMID: 31902439 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a nonischemic myocardial disorder characterized by metabolic disturbances and oxidative stress in diabetic patients. The present paper aims to determine the protective effect of the phlebotrophic drug, diosmin, on DCM in a model of high-fat diet-fed and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes in the rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS The animals were divided into 4 groups (8 rats/group) as follows: vehicle-treated nondiabetic control group, vehicle-treated diabetic group, diosmin (50 mg/kg)-treated diabetic group and diosmin (100 mg/kg)-treated diabetic group. Treatment was given once daily orally by gavage for 6 weeks. Oxidant and antioxidant stress markers, inflammatory markers and proapoptotic and antiapoptotic gene expression using quantified real-time polymerase chain reaction were investigated. RESULTS Diosmin treatment in diabetic rats lowered elevated blood glucose levels, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, cardiac creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase enzymes, cardiac malondialdehyde and nitric oxide. Moreover, diosmin increased plasma insulin and c-peptide levels, cardiac glutathione content, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase activities. Also, diosmin treatment significantly (P < 0.05) lowered the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), down-regulated cardiac Bcl-2-associated X protein and caspase 3 and 9 and up-regulated B-cell lymphoma 2 mRNA expression levels. CONCLUSIONS Diosmin may have a sizeable therapeutic potential in the treatment of DCM due to antidiabetic, antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. Detailed studies are needed to disclose the precise mechanisms motivating the protective effect of diosmin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Mohamed Ali
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt & Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Osama M Abo-Salem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr-City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Basem Hassan El Esawy
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El Askary
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine (New Damietta), Al Azhar University, Nasr-City, Cairo, Egypt
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7
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Hillerer KM, Slattery DA, Pletzer B. Neurobiological mechanisms underlying sex-related differences in stress-related disorders: Effects of neuroactive steroids on the hippocampus. Front Neuroendocrinol 2019; 55:100796. [PMID: 31580837 PMCID: PMC7115954 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.100796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Men and women differ in their vulnerability to a variety of stress-related illnesses, but the underlying neurobiological mechanisms are not well understood. This is likely due to a comparative dearth of neurobiological studies that assess male and female rodents at the same time, while human neuroimaging studies often don't model sex as a variable of interest. These sex differences are often attributed to the actions of sex hormones, i.e. estrogens, progestogens and androgens. In this review, we summarize the results on sex hormone actions in the hippocampus and seek to bridge the gap between animal models and findings in humans. However, while effects of sex hormones on the hippocampus are largely consistent in animals and humans, methodological differences challenge the comparability of animal and human studies on stress effects. We summarise our current understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie sex-related differences in behavior and discuss implications for stress-related illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina M Hillerer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Salzburger Landeskrankenhaus (SALK), Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Clinical Research Center Salzburg (CRCS), Salzburg, Austria.
| | - David A Slattery
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Belinda Pletzer
- Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Alam P, Raka MA, Khan S, Sarker J, Ahmed N, Nath PD, Hasan N, Mohib MM, Tisha A, Taher Sagor MA. A clinical review of the effectiveness of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against cardiovascular dysfunction and related metabolic syndrome. J Herb Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Tao L, Huang K, Wang J, Xue Y, Zhou Y, He F, Shen Y, Wang J, Gu X, Ji K, Qian L, Guo X. Retinol palmitate protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting apoptosis. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:1510-1520. [PMID: 30972178 PMCID: PMC6456537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether retinol palmitate could protect against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and explore the underlying mechanism. Retinol palmitate reduced the level of reactive oxygen species and prevented cellular apoptosis. In vivo, retinol palmitate increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and reduced the level of malondialdehyde in I/R mice. Retinol palmitate also decreased myocardial infarct size and reduced cellular apoptosis by suppressing the expression of proapoptotic-related proteins and increasing that of SOD-related proteins. Our results suggest that retinol palmitate pretreatment has a protective effect against myocardial I/R injury by maintaining the balance between intracellular oxidants and antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyuan Tao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Cardiology, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityHengjie Road, No. 218, Huangyan, Taizhou 318020, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaiyu Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaoni Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangjing Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei He
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yigen Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingjian Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityHengjie Road, No. 218, Huangyan, Taizhou 318020, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kangting Ji
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianyang Guo
- Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
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Beneficial Effects of Citrus Flavonoids on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5484138. [PMID: 30962863 PMCID: PMC6431442 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5484138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasing over time. CVD is a comorbidity in diabetes and contributes to premature death. Citrus flavonoids possess several biological activities and have emerged as efficient therapeutics for the treatment of CVD. Citrus flavonoids scavenge free radicals, improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, modulate lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation, suppress inflammation and apoptosis, and improve endothelial dysfunction. The intake of citrus flavonoids has been associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes. Although citrus flavonoids exerted multiple beneficial effects, their mechanisms of action are not completely established. In this review, we summarized recent findings and advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of citrus flavonoids against oxidative stress, inflammation, diabetes, dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis. Further studies and clinical trials to assess the efficacy and to explore the underlying mechanism(s) of action of citrus flavonoids are recommended.
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Kondo H, Kira S, Oniki T, Gotoh K, Fukui A, Abe I, Ikebe Y, Kawano K, Saito S, Aoki K, Okada N, Nagano Y, Akioka H, Shinohara T, Akiyoshi K, Masaki T, Teshima Y, Yufu K, Nakagawa M, Takahashi N. Interleukin-10 treatment attenuates sinus node dysfunction caused by streptozotocin-induced hyperglycaemia in mice. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 115:57-70. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hidekazu Kondo
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kira
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Takahiro Oniki
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Koro Gotoh
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Oita University, Facultyof Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Akira Fukui
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Ichitaro Abe
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Yuki Ikebe
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Kyoko Kawano
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Shotaro Saito
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Kohei Aoki
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Oita University, Facultyof Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Norihiro Okada
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Yasuko Nagano
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Akioka
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Shinohara
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Kumiko Akiyoshi
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Takayuki Masaki
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Yasushi Teshima
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Kunio Yufu
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Mikiko Nakagawa
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
| | - Naohiko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, Japan
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Sim MA, Liu W, Chew STH, Ti LK. Wider perioperative glycemic fluctuations increase risk of postoperative atrial fibrillation and ICU length of stay. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198533. [PMID: 29883468 PMCID: PMC5993260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication following cardiac surgery associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Although sustained hyperglycemia is a known risk factor of AF and poor ICU outcomes, emerging in-vitro studies reveal acute glycemic fluctuations to be an additional independent predictor of AF. The effect of acute glycemic fluctuations on the incidence of POAF in the clinical setting remains unclear. We aim to investigate the effect of the magnitude of acute perioperative glycemic fluctuations on the incidence of POAF in a multi-ethnic Southeast-Asian population. METHODS We obtained data from1743 patients who underwent elective CABG in a tertiary heart centre from 2009-2011. Patients were kept to a tight baseline glycemic control in accordance with hospital protocol. The magnitude of the difference between the highest and lowest perioperative glucose levels up till the first 48 postoperative hours was employed as a measure of glycemic fluctuation. Patients were divided into 4 groups for analysis based on the magnitude of glycemic fluctuation:A)0-2mmol/L(N = 147); B)>2-4mmol/L(N = 426); C)>4-6mmol/L(N = 513); D)>6mmol/L(N = 657).Our primary outcome was the incidence of POAF. Secondary outcomes included ICU and 30-day mortality and length of stay. RESULTS The overall incidence of POAF was 14.7%. This increased as the magnitude of glycemic fluctuation increased, and was statistically highest in Group D(16.4%) as compared with the other 3 sub-groups. Multivariate logistic regression revealed the magnitude of perioperative glycemic fluctuation to be an independent risk factor of POAF(O.R.1.06, 95% C.I.1.01-1.11, p = 0.014).ICU length of stay was statistically highest in Group D(63.1 hours, p = < .001). However, ICU and 30 day mortality rates were similar among the 4 groups. CONCLUSION Increased magnitudes of acute perioperative glycemic fluctuations are associated with a significantly increased risk of POAF and length of ICU stay; and should therefore be minimised but balanced against the risks of hypoglycemia so as to avoid POAF and optimise patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ann Sim
- National University Health System, Department of Anaesthesia, Singapore
| | - Weiling Liu
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
| | | | - Lian Kah Ti
- National University Health System, Department of Anaesthesia, Singapore
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Widyaningsih W, Pramono S, Zulaela, Sugiyanto, Widyarini S. Protection by Ethanolic Extract from Ulva lactuca L. against Acute Myocardial Infarction: Antioxidant and Antiapoptotic Activities. Malays J Med Sci 2017; 24:39-49. [PMID: 29379385 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2017.24.6.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in myocardial damage during acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study aimed to determine the antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities of an ethanolic extract from Ulva lactuca L. (EEUL) against AMI. Methods Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: one control group and five treatment groups. Treatment group II was given 85 mg/kg body weight (BW) of isoproterenol (ISO). Group III, IV and V were given ISO and EEUL at 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg BW, respectively. Group VI were given 10 mg/kg BW of ISO and melatonin. EEUL and melatonin were orally administered for 28 days. ISO was injected subcutaneously on day 29 and 30 to chemically induce AMI. On day 31, blood was collected for antioxidant assay and heart tissues were collected for histological examination. Results The activity of catalase (CAT), an endogenous antioxidant, in the EEUL-treatment groups was significantly increased compared to the ISO-treatment group (P < 0.001). The EEUL-treatment groups showed significantly decreased expression of caspase-3 (P < 0.001) and better myocardial tissue morphology. Conclusion EEUL possibly protects against AMI because of its antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahyu Widyaningsih
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Suwidjiyo Pramono
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Zulaela
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sugiyanto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sitarina Widyarini
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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14
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MicroRNA-21 inhibits mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in keloid. Oncotarget 2017; 8:92914-92925. [PMID: 29190966 PMCID: PMC5696232 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-21 acts as an oncogene by promoting cell proliferation and migration, whereas inhibiting apoptosis in majority of cancers. MicroRNA-21 is upregulated in human keloid fibroblasts. We hypothesized that microRNA-21 may contribute to pathogenesis of keloid fibroblasts. First, enhanced miR-21 but reduced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis observed in keloid tissues indicated its importance in keloids development. Second, upregulation of microRNA-21 induced a decrease in the ratio of BAX to BCL-2 and suppressed mitochondrial fission in keloid fibroblasts. Third, by attenuating the decline in cellular mitochondrial membrane potential, overexpression of miR-21 suppressed cytochrome c release to the cytoplasm, followed by a decrease in the activity of intracellular caspase-9 and caspase-3, suggesting that mitochondrial-mediated proapoptotic pathway was impaired. Simultaneously, intracellular reactive oxygen species were decreased, indicating microRNA-21 undermined oxidative stress. This phenotype was reversed by miR-21 inhibition. Therefore, our study demonstrates that inhibition of microRNA-21 induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in keloid fibroblasts, proposing microRNA-21 as a potential therapeutic target in keloid fibroblasts.
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Chandramoorthy HC, Bin-Jaliah I, Karari H, Rajagopalan P, Ahmed Shariff ME, Al-Hakami A, Al-Humayad SM, Baptain FA, Ahmed HS, Yassin HZ, Haidara MA. MSCs ameliorates DPN induced cellular pathology via [Ca 2+ ] i homeostasis and scavenging the pro-inflammatory cytokines. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1330-1341. [PMID: 28500758 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The MSCs of various origins are known to ameliorate or modulate cell survival strategies. We investigated, whether UCB MSCs could improve the survival of the human neuronal cells and/or fibroblast assaulted with DPN sera. The results showed, the co-culture of UCB MSCs with human neuronal cells and/or fibroblasts could effectively scavenge the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-ɤ and IL - 12 and control the pro-apoptotic expression of p53/Bax. Further co-culture of UCB MSCs have shown to induce anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β and anti-apoptotic Bclxl/Bcl2 expression in the DPN sera stressed cells. Amelioration of elevated [Ca2+ ]i and cROS, the portent behind the NFκB/Caspase-3 mediated inflammation in DPN rescued the cells from apoptosis. The results of systemic administration of BM MSCs improved DPN pathology in rat as extrapolated from human cell model. The BM MSCs ameliorated prolonged distal motor latency (control: 0.70 ± 0.06, DPN: 1.29 ± 0.13 m/s DPN + BM MSCs: 0.89 ± 0.02 m/s, p < 0.05) and lowered high amplitude of compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) (control: 12.36 ± 0.41, DPN: 7.52 ± 0.61 mV, DPN + MSCs: 8.79 ± 0.53 mV, p < 0.05), while slowly restoring the plasma glucose levels. Together, all these results showed that administration of BM or UCB MSCs improved the DPN via ameliorating pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling and [Ca2+ ]i homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish C Chandramoorthy
- Center for Stem Cell Research, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology & Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussian Karari
- Center for Stem Cell Research, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prasanna Rajagopalan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed Al-Hakami
- Center for Stem Cell Research, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology & Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman M Al-Humayad
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawzi A Baptain
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Humeda Suekit Ahmed
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa Z Yassin
- Department of Physiology, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Haidara
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physiology, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Uemura K, Kondo H, Ishii Y, Kobukata M, Haraguchi M, Imamura T, Otsubo T, Ikebe-Ebata Y, Abe I, Ayabe R, Saito S, Aoki K, Nagano-Torigoe Y, Akioka H, Shinohara T, Teshima Y, Masaki T, Yufu K, Nakagawa M, Takahashi N. Mast Cells Play an Important Role in the Pathogenesis of Hyperglycemia-Induced Atrial Fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2016; 27:981-9. [PMID: 27097848 DOI: 10.1111/jce.12995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Recently, it was reported that mast cells (MCs) could underlie the mechanisms of several cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of MCs in diabetes-induced atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been notably investigated. We tested the hypothesis that MC deficiency attenuates hyperglycemia-induced AF in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Mast cell-deficient W/W(v) mice, and congenic +/+ littermates (WT) were divided into either the vehicle (VEH)-injection group or the streptozotocin (STZ)-injection group (MCKO-VEH, MCKO-STZ, WT-VEH, and WT-STZ groups). On day 28 of our studies, we observed that (1) STZ-induced hyperglycemia increased MC infiltration in the left atrium (LA) in WT mice (P < 0.01), (2) atrium isolated from the WT-STZ group showed inhomogeneous interstitial fibrosis, abundant infiltration of macrophages, and enhanced apoptosis compared to the WT-VEH group (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively). However, the changes observed in the WT-STZ group were significantly attenuated in the MCKO-STZ mice. In addition, we observed that (3) messenger RNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin-1β, transforming growth factor-β, and collagen-1 in the LA were increased in the WT-STZ group, but not in the MCKO-STZ group, (4) STZ-induced hyperglycemia increased AF induction and prolonged interatrial conduction time in the WT mice, which were not observed in the MCKO mice, and that (5) hyperglycemia-enhanced atrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was equally observed in the WT and MCKO mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that MCs contribute to the pathogenesis of hyperglycemia-induced AF via enhancement of inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshi Uemura
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Kondo
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Yumi Ishii
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Mami Kobukata
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Miho Haraguchi
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Takaaki Imamura
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Toyokazu Otsubo
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Yuki Ikebe-Ebata
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Ichitaro Abe
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Reika Ayabe
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Shotaro Saito
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Kohei Aoki
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Yasuko Nagano-Torigoe
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Akioka
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Shinohara
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Yasushi Teshima
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Takayuki Masaki
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Kunio Yufu
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Mikiko Nakagawa
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Naohiko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
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Exercise Training Attenuates Upregulation of p47(phox) and p67(phox) in Hearts of Diabetic Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:5868913. [PMID: 26989452 PMCID: PMC4771908 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5868913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Exercise training (ExT) is currently being used as a nonpharmacological strategy to improve cardiac function in diabetic patients. However, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying its beneficial effects remains poorly understood. Oxidative stress is known to play a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy and one of the enzyme systems that produce reactive oxygen species is NADH/NADPH oxidase. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetes on expression of p47(phox) and p67(phox), key regulatory subunits of NADPH oxidase, in cardiac tissues and determine whether ExT can attenuate these changes. Four weeks after STZ treatment, expression of p47(phox) and p67(phox) increased 2.3-fold and 1.6-fold, respectively, in left ventricles of diabetic rats and these increases were attenuated with three weeks of ExT, initiated 1 week after onset of diabetes. In atrial tissues, there was increased expression of p47(phox) (74%), which was decreased by ExT in diabetic rats. Furthermore, increased collagen III levels in diabetic hearts (52%) were significantly reduced by ExT. Taken together, ExT attenuates the increased expression of p47(phox) and p67(phox) in the hearts of diabetic rats which could be an underlying mechanism for improving intracardiac matrix and thus cardiac function and prevent cardiac remodeling in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Yu M, Liu Y, Zhang B, Shi Y, Cui L, Zhao X. Inhibiting microRNA-144 abates oxidative stress and reduces apoptosis in hearts of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Cardiovasc Pathol 2015; 24:375-81. [PMID: 26164195 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hyperglycemia-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation contributes to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, little is known about the role of microRNAs in the regulation of ROS formation and myocardial apoptosis in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. METHODS AND RESULTS It was observed that microRNA-144 (miR-144) level was lower in heart tissues of STZ-induced diabetic mice. High glucose exposure also reduced miR-144 levels in cultured cardiomyocytes. Moreover, miR-144 modulated high glucose-induced oxidative stress in cultured cardiomyocytes by directly targeting nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which was a central regulator of cellular response to oxidative stress. The miR-144 mimics aggravated high glucose-induced ROS formation and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes, which could be attenuated by treatment with Dh404, an activator of Nrf2. Meanwhile, inhibition of miR-144 suppressed ROS formation and apoptosis induced by high glucose in cultured cardiomyocytes. What was more important is that reduced myocardial oxidative stress and apoptosis and improved cardiac function were identified in STZ-induced diabetic mice when treated with miR-144 antagomir. CONCLUSION Although miR-144 cannot explain the increased oxidative stress in STZ, therapeutic interventions directed at decreasing miR-144 may help to decrease oxidative stress in these hearts. Inhibition of miR-144 might have clinical potential to abate oxidative stress as well as to reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improve cardiac function in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Yu
- Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bili Zhang
- Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yicheng Shi
- Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Cui
- Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianxian Zhao
- Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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20
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Sesamin suppresses STZ induced INS-1 cell apoptosis through inhibition of NF-κB activation and regulation of Bcl-2 family protein expression. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 750:52-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Saito S, Teshima Y, Fukui A, Kondo H, Nishio S, Nakagawa M, Saikawa T, Takahashi N. Glucose fluctuations increase the incidence of atrial fibrillation in diabetic rats. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 104:5-14. [PMID: 25082849 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We investigated whether glucose fluctuations aggravate cardiac fibrosis and increase the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS AND RESULTS Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were randomly divided into three groups: uncontrolled DM (U-STZ) group, controlled DM (C-STZ) group, and DM with glucose fluctuations (STZ-GF) group. Glucose fluctuations were induced by fasting for 24 h and additional regular insulin injections (0.5 IU/kg) administered three times per week for three consecutive weeks. C-STZ rats were administered long acting insulin (20 IU/kg) twice a day to control blood glucose levels. Cardiac fibrosis evaluated by Masson trichrome staining and the expressions of collagen type 1, collagen type 3, and α-smooth muscle actin were increased in U-STZ rats compared with C-STZ rats, which were more pronounced in STZ-GF rats. The inducibility of AF was significantly larger in U-STZ rats than C-STZ rats and was greatest in STZ-GF rats. To explore the mechanism of cardiac fibrosis, we investigated the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. The expression of malondialdehyde, an indicator of ROS levels, was significantly upregulated in STZ-GF rats compared with U-STZ rats, along with increased thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) expression in STZ-GF rats. Furthermore, caspase-3 expression and the number of TUNEL-positive cells were significantly increased in STZ-GF rats compared with U-STZ and C-STZ rats. CONCLUSION Glucose fluctuations increase the incidence of AF by promoting cardiac fibrosis. Increased ROS levels caused by upregulation of Txnip expression may be a mechanism whereby in glucose fluctuations induce fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Saito
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Yasushi Teshima
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Akira Fukui
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Kondo
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Satoru Nishio
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Mikiko Nakagawa
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Tetsunori Saikawa
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Naohiko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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Putative free radical-scavenging activity of an extract of Cineraria maritima in preventing selenite-induced cataractogenesis in Wistar rat pups. Mol Vis 2013; 19:2551-60. [PMID: 24357923 PMCID: PMC3867162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the possible free radical-scavenging activity of an extract of Cineraria maritima on selenite-induced cataractous lenses in Wistar rat pups. METHODS In the present study, Wistar rat pups were divided into three experimental groups. On P10, Group I (control) rat pups received an intraperitoneal injection of 0.89% saline. Rats in groups II (selenite-challenged, untreated) and III (selenite-challenged, C. maritima treated) received a subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite (19 μmol/kg bodyweight); Group III rat pups also received an intraperitoneal injection of the extract of C. maritima (350 mg/kg bodyweight) once daily P9-14. Both eyes of each pup were examined from P16 until P30. Cytochemical localization of nitroblue tetrazolium salts and generation of superoxide, hydroxyl, and nitric oxide levels were measured. The expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase gene was evaluated with reverse transcription-PCR. Immunoblot analysis was also performed to confirm the differential expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase protein. RESULTS Subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite led to severe oxidative damage in the lenticular tissues, shown by increased formation of formazan crystals, elevated generation of superoxide, hydroxyl, and nitric oxide radicals, and elevated inducible nitric oxide synthase gene and protein expression that possibly contributed to the opacification of the lens and thus cataract formation. When rat pups were treated with intraperitoneal administration of the extract of C. maritima, the generation of free radicals as well as the messenger ribonucleic acid and protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase were maintained at near normal levels. CONCLUSIONS The data generated by this study suggest that an ethanolic extract of C. maritima possibly prevents cataractogenesis in a rat model by minimizing free radical generation.
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Teshima Y, Takahashi N, Nishio S, Saito S, Kondo H, Fukui A, Aoki K, Yufu K, Nakagawa M, Saikawa T. Production of reactive oxygen species in the diabetic heart. Roles of mitochondria and NADPH oxidase. Circ J 2013; 78:300-6. [PMID: 24334638 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-13-1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the main facilitators of cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus (DM), and the ROS level is increased in cultured cells exposed to high glucose concentrations or in diabetic animal models. Emerging evidence shows that mitochondria and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase are dominant mechanisms of ROS production in the diabetic heart. Hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial inner membrane potentials and impaired mitochondrial function promote ROS production in the mitochondria of the diabetic heart. Uncoupling proteins are upregulated and may reduce the ROS level by depolarizing the mitochondrial inner membrane potential. NADPH oxidase is another major site of ROS production and its contribution to DM-induced ROS increase has been elucidated not only in vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, but also in cardiomyocytes. Protein kinase C, angiotensin II, and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)/receptor for AGEs can activate NADPH oxidase. Increased intracellular calcium level mediated via the Na(+)-H(+) exchanger and subsequent activation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II may also activate NADPH oxidase. This review presents the current understanding of the mechanisms of ROS production, focusing especially on the roles of mitochondria and NADPH oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Teshima
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University
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Badavi M, Abedi HA, Sarkaki AR, Dianat M. Co-administration of Grape Seed Extract and Exercise Training Improves Endothelial Dysfunction of Coronary Vascular Bed of STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2013; 15:e7624. [PMID: 24693368 PMCID: PMC3950780 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.7624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background One of the known complications of diabetes mellitus is vascular dysfunction. Inability of the coronary vascular response to cardiac hyperactivity might cause a higher incidence of ischemic heart disease in diabetic subjects. It has been indicated that regular exercise training and antioxidants could prevent diabetic cardiovascular problems enhanced by vascular damage. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the effects of grape seed extract (as antioxidant), with and without exercise training on coronary vascular function in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods Fifty male Wistar rats weighing 200 – 232 grams were randomly divided into five groups of 10 rats each: sedentary control, sedentary diabetic, trained diabetic, grape seed extract (200 mg/kg) treated sedentary diabetic and, grape seed extract treated trained diabetic. Diabetes was induced by one intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. After eight weeks, coronary vascular responses to vasoactive agents were determined. Results The endothelium dependent vasorelaxation to acetylcholine was reduced significantly in diabetic animals; exercise training or grape seed extract administration partially improves this response. However, exercise training in combination with grape seed extract restores endothelial function completely. The endothelium independent vasorelaxation to sodium nitroprusside was improved by combination of exercise training and grape seed extract. On the other hand, the basal perfusion pressure and vasoconstrictive response to phenylephrine did not change significantly. Conclusions The data indicated that co-administration of grape seed extract and exercise training had more significant effects than exercise training or grape seed extract alone; this may constitute a convenient and inexpensive therapeutic approach to diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Badavi
- Physiology Research Center, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Hassan Ali Abedi
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Hassan Ali Abedi, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, IR Iran. Tel: +98-7913340405, Fax: +98-7914440072, E-mail:
| | - Ali Reza Sarkaki
- Physiology Research Center, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Mahin Dianat
- Physiology Research Center, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
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Díaz-Flores M, Angeles-Mejia S, Baiza-Gutman LA, Medina-Navarro R, Hernández-Saavedra D, Ortega-Camarillo C, Roman-Ramos R, Cruz M, Alarcon-Aguilar FJ. Effect of an aqueous extract of Cucurbita ficifolia Bouché on the glutathione redox cycle in mice with STZ-induced diabetes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 144:101-108. [PMID: 22960550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 08/12/2012] [Accepted: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE Cucurbita ficifolia is used in Mexican traditional medicine as an anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory agent and its actions can be mediated by antioxidant mechanisms. Disturbance in the homeostasis of glutathione has been implicated in the etiology and progression of diabetes mellitus and its complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS It was evaluated, the effect of an aqueous extract of Cucurbita ficifolia on glycemia, plasma lipid peroxidation; as well as levels of reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione and activities of enzymes involved in glutathione redox cycle: glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) in liver, pancreas, kidney and heart homogenates of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. RESULTS Increased blood glucose and lipid peroxidation, together with decreased of GSH concentration, GSH/GSSG ratio and its redox potential (E(h)), and enhanced activity of GPx and GR in liver, pancreas and kidney were the salient features observed in diabetic mice. Administration of the aqueous extract of Cucurbita ficifolia to diabetic mice for 30 days, used at a dose of 200 mg/kg, resulted in a significant reduction in glycemia, polydipsia, hyperphagia and plasma lipid peroxidation. Moreover, GSH was increased in liver, pancreas and kidney, and GSSG was reduced in liver, pancreas and heart, therefore GSH/GSSG ratio and its E(h) were restored. Also, the activities involved in the glutathione cycle were decreased, reaching similar values to controls. CONCLUSIONS An aqueous extract of Cucurbita ficifolia with hypoglycemic action, improve GSH redox state, increasing glutathione pool, GSH, GSH/GSSG ratio and its E(h), mechanism that can explain, at least in part, its antioxidant properties, supporting its use as an alternative treatment for the control of diabetes mellitus, and prevent the induction of complications by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Díaz-Flores
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, México, México.
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Bhatti R, Sharma S, Singh J, Ishar MPS. Ameliorative effect of Aegle marmelos leaf extract on early stage alloxan-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2011; 49:1137-1143. [PMID: 22014262 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.572077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is complex, and the therapeutic options available to treat DCM are limited. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa (Rutaceae) leaf extract on early stage DCM in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. METHODS Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats (150-200 g) by injecting alloxan (150 mg kg(-1); i.p.). Ethanol extract of A. marmelos leaves was administered at varying doses (100, 200, and 400 mg kg(-1)) and tolbutamide (100 mg kg(-1)) as standard. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) were determined by standard methods. RESULTS A. marmelos extract (AME) was found to decrease the levels of FBG, total cholesterol, TBARS, LDH and CK, and increase the levels of GSH, CAT and SOD dose dependently as compared to diabetic control groups. The maximum dose-dependent decrease in TBARS (63.46%), LDH (34.04%), CK (53.14%), and increase in GSH (64.91%), CAT (59.34%), SOD (69.65%) was evident at an optimum dose of 200 mg kg(-1). Histopathological studies revealed salvage in the morphological derangements as indicated by absence of necrosis and marked decrease in inflammatory cells in AME-treated groups as compared to diabetic control. CONCLUSIONS The present investigations conclude that treatment with AME attenuates the severity and improves the myocardium in the early stages of alloxan-induced DCM at a dose of 200 mg kg(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajbir Bhatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
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Cowan EA, Oldham CD, May SW. Identification of a thioselenurane intermediate in the reaction between phenylaminoalkyl selenoxides and glutathione. Arch Biochem Biophys 2011; 506:201-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Revised: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nwose EU, Ewing GW. Computer diagnosis in cardiology: oxidative stress hypothesis. NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2009; 1:220-5. [PMID: 22666699 PMCID: PMC3364613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virtual scanning is one of the emerging technologies in complementary medicine practice. The diagnostic principle is hinged on perception and ultra weak light emission, while the treatment options associated with it includes diet, flash light, exercise and relaxation. However, a mechanism that links the diagnostic and treatment principles has yet to be elucidated. AIMS The objective here is to further explanation of oxidative stress concept as the biochemical basis of the technology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using available literature and basic science textbook, the function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenalin axis as neuro-endocrine physiological system that is strongly linked to the rate of alterations in biochemical processes through to cardiovascular complications is articulated. RESULTS The hypothesis brings to fore the potential of using the alterations in biochemical processes associated with cognition as tool to validate the Virtual Scanning technology for possible incorporation into clinical practice. Or vice versa to use Virtual Scanning technology to determine the chemiluminescence-related biochemical changes resulting from pathologies that could benefit from relaxation, light therapy, exercise and antioxidant nutrition. CONCLUSIONS This article advances the applicability of cognitive test procedure for indication of the disease(s) affecting heart function. The implication for some laboratory indices that are already available in clinical practice is highlighted. Investigation of this hypothesis will help provide clear link between plausible mechanism and the theory proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezekiel Uba Nwose
- Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, South West Pathology Service, 590 Smollett Albury NSW 2640, Australia.,Correspondence to: Ezekiel Uba Nwose, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research (ICPMR), South West Pathology Service, 590 Smollett Albury, NSW 2640, Australia. Tel.: +61 260581651, Fax: +61 260581680.
| | - Graham Wilfred Ewing
- Montague Healthcare, Mulberry House, 6 Vine Farm Close – Cotgrave, Nottinghamshire, England
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