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Rook KS, Oleskiewicz D, Brown CJ, August KJ, Smith AM, Sorkin DH. Loneliness and Expanding Social Ties in Later Life: Motivation, Perceived Success, and Implications for Emotional Health. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2024; 79:gbae136. [PMID: 39099333 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbae136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Social networks undergo changes in later life, reflecting proactive decreases as well as increases in size, but relatively little is known about the factors that motivate older adults to expand their social ties. Loneliness might be expected to motivate older adults to expand their social ties. Paradoxically, however, studies of younger age groups have linked loneliness to a self-protective reluctance to initiate social contact. The current study investigated whether loneliness fosters or inhibits older adults' efforts to expand their social ties and whether successful efforts are related to gains in emotional health. METHODS Loneliness, motivation to expand social ties, and emotional health were assessed in a subset of older participants (N = 375) from the Later Life Study of Social Exchanges. RESULTS Greater loneliness was associated with less interest, less investment of effort, and less success in making new ties and rekindling dormant ties. Nonetheless, lonelier older adults who expanded their social ties, particularly by rekindling dormant ties, exhibited some gains in emotional health over a 1-year period. DISCUSSION Greater attention to the role of loneliness in older adults' motivations for making new ties or rekindling dormant ties will broaden our understanding of social network changes in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen S Rook
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Danielle Oleskiewicz
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Colette J Brown
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Kristin J August
- Departments of Psychology and Health Sciences, Rutgers University, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Anna M Smith
- Office of Teaching, Learning, and Technology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Dara H Sorkin
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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Tajika A, Nakagomi A, Miyaguni Y, Koga C, Kondo K, Ojima T. Internet Use and Higher-Level Functional Capacity Decline Suppression in Japanese Older Adults With Low Education: JAGES 2016-2019 Longitudinal Study. JMIR Aging 2024; 7:e53384. [PMID: 39303276 DOI: 10.2196/53384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher-level functional capacity (HLFC) is crucial for the independent living of older adults. While internet use positively impacts the health of older adults, its effect on HLFC and how this effect varies with educational attainment remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE This longitudinal study aimed to investigate whether internet use could mitigate the risk of HLFC decline and if this benefit extends to older adults with lower levels of education. METHODS The data were sourced from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES), encompassing 8050 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older from 2016 to 2019. The study focused on those who remained self-sufficient from 2016 to 2019, identifying participants with independent HLFC in 2016. The Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence defined HLFC operationally, consisting of 3 subscales, namely instrumental activities of daily living, intellectual activity, and social role. The primary variable was the frequency of internet use in 2016; participants who reported using the internet were classified as internet users, while those who answered "No" were identified as nonusers. The study compared the effects of internet use on HLFC decline across educational levels of ≤9 years, 10-12 years, and ≥13 years using Poisson regression analysis adjusted for robust SE to calculate the risk ratio (RR) and 95% CI for HLFC decline in 2019. RESULTS After adjusting for demographic and health condition risk factors, internet use was significantly linked to a decreased risk of HLFC decline in older adults over 3 years, including those with lower educational levels. Internet users with ≤9 years of educational attainment experienced a suppressed decline in the total score (RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.43-0.76; P<.001); instrumental activities of daily living (RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.38-0.91; P=.02), intellectual activity (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.41-0.89; P=.01), and social role (RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.56-0.97; P=.03) compared with nonusers. Participants with 10-12 years of education showed suppression rates of 0.78 (95% CI 0.63-0.98; P=.03), 0.59 (95% CI 0.39-0.90; P=.01), 0.91 (95% CI 0.63-1.31; P=.61), and 0.82 (95% CI 0.68-1.00; P=.05), respectively, and those with ≥13 years displayed suppression rates of 0.65 (95% CI 0.51-0.85; P=.001), 0.55 (95% CI 0.36-0.83; P=.01), 0.64 (95% CI 0.37-1.10; P=.11), and 0.83 (95% CI 0.64-1.08; P=.17), respectively. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that internet use supports the maintenance of HLFC independence in older adults with higher education and those with lower educational levels. Encouraging internet use among older adults with lower levels of education through future policies could help narrow functional health disparities associated with educational attainment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Tajika
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakagomi
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Chie Koga
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ojima
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
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Gallo AM, Laranjeira C, Araújo JP, Marques FRDM, Baccon WC, Salci MA, Carreira L. The experiences of daily smartphone use among older adults in Brazil: A grounded theory analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35120. [PMID: 39161834 PMCID: PMC11332897 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Digital inclusion of older people is an important agenda for the future and well-being of the older population, as it represents a form of social inclusion with significant gains for healthy aging. The present study aimed to understand the experiences of Brazilian older adults who use smartphones and the implications in their daily lives. Method A qualitative study was developed using a constructivist grounded approach. Older people (≥60 years) with prior access to a smartphone were invited to participate in the study. Participation took place through semi-structured, audio-recorded interviews. Data collection and analysis occurred simultaneously using a constant comparative approach. Data management and analysis used the Atlas.ti® software. Results Overall, 37 older people participated, with an average age of 70.60 ± 6.95 years, predominantly female (n = 33), white (n = 25), married (n = 26) and retired (n = 27). The first sample group included 27 older people with family support and the second group included 10 older people without family support (who lived alone in their homes). A core category emerged from the data analysis-"Expanding the personal and social development of older adults through smartphone communication"-around which three main categories emerged: 1) The smartphone as "a window to the world"; 2) The problem of misinformation and fake news on virtual networks; 3) Technological paradoxes in the use of smartphones. Conclusions The digital transition associated with smartphone use brings unimaginable benefits to older adults who adopt positive habits to improve their well-being and expand their social connections, following efforts proposed by the Decade of Healthy Aging. However, older adults still face disparities and experience a significant digital divide, which represents a major challenge. Barriers to access are further aggravated in developing countries. We hope this study contributes to public health policies on digital inclusion and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Martins Gallo
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790—Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Laranjeira
- School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic University of Leiria, Campus 2, Morro do Lena, Alto Do Vieiro, Apartado 4137, 2411-901, Leiria, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic University of Leiria, Campus 5, Rua Das Olhalvas, 2414-016 Leiria, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, 7000- 801 Évora, Portugal
| | - Juliane Pagliari Araújo
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR-445, Km 380 - Campus Universitário, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
| | | | - Wanessa Cristina Baccon
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790—Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida Salci
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790—Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Lígia Carreira
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790—Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
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Oswald TK, Nguyen MT, Mirza L, Lund C, Jones HG, Crowley G, Aslanyan D, Dean K, Schofield P, Hotopf M, Das-Munshi J. Interventions targeting social determinants of mental disorders and the Sustainable Development Goals: a systematic review of reviews. Psychol Med 2024; 54:1475-1499. [PMID: 38523245 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724000333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Globally, mental disorders account for almost 20% of disease burden and there is growing evidence that mental disorders are socially determined. Tackling the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs), which address social determinants of mental disorders, may be an effective way to reduce the global burden of mental disorders. We conducted a systematic review of reviews to examine the evidence base for interventions that map onto the UN SDGs and seek to improve mental health through targeting known social determinants of mental disorders. We included 101 reviews in the final review, covering demographic, economic, environmental events, neighborhood, and sociocultural domains. This review presents interventions with the strongest evidence base for the prevention of mental disorders and highlights synergies where addressing the UN SDGs can be beneficial for mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassia Kate Oswald
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Luwaiza Mirza
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
- University Hospitals Sussex, UK
| | - Crick Lund
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
- Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hannah Grace Jones
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Grace Crowley
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Daron Aslanyan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Kimberlie Dean
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Schofield
- School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jayati Das-Munshi
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, UK
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Hirose T, Sawaya Y, Ishizaka M, Hashimoto N, Watanabe M, Itokazu M, Kubo A, Urano T. Association between Internet Use and Locomotive Syndrome, Frailty, and Sarcopenia among Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Adults. NURSING REPORTS 2024; 14:1402-1413. [PMID: 38921715 PMCID: PMC11207118 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep14020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In the lives of those who are the target of community health nursing, it is important to collaborate with individuals and communities to improve their quality of life. Herein, we aimed to determine the association between Internet use among older individuals and locomotive syndrome (LS), frailty, and sarcopenia. In this cross-sectional study conducted between July 2022 and March 2023, we recruited 105 community-dwelling older Japanese adults who participated in a care prevention project called "Kayoi-no-ba". All participants were divided into Internet and non-Internet user groups according to the classification of a previous study. We assessed LS (standing test, two-step test, and five-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale), frailty (through the Questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old-Old), and sarcopenia (grip strength, normal walking speed, and skeletal muscle mass index) and made group comparisons between Internet users and non-users. Binomial logistic regression analyses were performed with Internet use as the independent variable and sarcopenia or LS as the dependent variables. The Internet and non-Internet user groups had 69 and 36 participants, respectively. The Internet user group comprised 65.7% of all participants, which was similar to that reported in a previous study of the same age group. Between-group comparisons showed significant differences in sarcopenia and LS items, whereas adjusted binomial logistic analysis showed a significant association between sarcopenia and Internet use. In summary, among LS, frailty, and sarcopenia, sarcopenia showed the highest association with Internet use. Older adults without sarcopenia having good physical functions, such as grip strength, walking speed, and skeletal muscle index, more likely used the Internet; while older adults with sarcopenia were less likely to use the Internet. This implied that Internet use may be associated with physical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamaki Hirose
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara 324-8501, Tochigi, Japan; (T.H.); (Y.S.); (M.I.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Yohei Sawaya
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara 324-8501, Tochigi, Japan; (T.H.); (Y.S.); (M.I.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Masahiro Ishizaka
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara 324-8501, Tochigi, Japan; (T.H.); (Y.S.); (M.I.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Naori Hashimoto
- Senior Services Division of Otawara, 1-4-1 Honcho, Otawara 324-8641, Tochigi, Japan;
| | - Miyoko Watanabe
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara 324-8501, Tochigi, Japan; (T.H.); (Y.S.); (M.I.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Masafumi Itokazu
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara 324-8501, Tochigi, Japan; (T.H.); (Y.S.); (M.I.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Akira Kubo
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Odawara, International University of Health and Welfare, 1-2-25 Shiroyama, Odawara 250-8588, Kanagawa, Japan;
| | - Tomohiko Urano
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita 286-8686, Chiba, Japan
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Ullal A, Tauseef M, Watkins A, Juckett L, Maxwell C, Tate J, Mion LC, Sarkar N. An Iterative Participatory Design Approach to Develop Collaborative Augmented Reality Activities for Older Adults in Long-Term Care Facilities. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIGCHI CONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMS. CHI CONFERENCE 2024; 2024:1009. [PMID: 39015130 PMCID: PMC11251005 DOI: 10.1145/3613904.3642595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Over four million older adults living in long-term care (LTC) communities experience loneliness, adversely impacting their health. Increased contact with friends and family is an evidence-based intervention to reduce loneliness, but in-person visits are not always possible. Augmented Reality (AR)-based telepresence activities can offer viable alternatives with increased immersion and presence compared to video calls. However, its feasibility as an interaction technology for older adults is not known. In this paper, we detail the design of two dyadic collaborative AR activities that accommodate diminished physical and cognitive abilities of older adults. The findings include a general design framework based on an iterative participatory design focusing on preferred activities, modes of interaction, and overall AR experience of eight older adults, two family members, and five LTC staff. Results demonstrate the potential of collaborative AR as an effective means of interaction for older adults with their family, if designed to cater to their needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Judith Tate
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Shekelle PG, Miake-Lye IM, Begashaw MM, Booth MS, Myers B, Lowery N, Shrank WH. Interventions to Reduce Loneliness in Community-Living Older Adults: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Gen Intern Med 2024; 39:1015-1028. [PMID: 38200279 PMCID: PMC11074098 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-023-08517-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The problem of loneliness has garnered increased attention from policymakers, payors, and providers due to higher rates during the pandemic, particularly among seniors. Prior systematic reviews have in general not been able to reach conclusions about effectiveness of interventions. METHODS Computerized databases were searched using broad terms such as "loneliness" or "lonely" or "social isolation" or "social support" from Jan 1, 2011 to June 23, 2021. We reference mined existing systematic reviews for additional and older studies. The Social Interventions Research & Evaluation Network database and Google were searched for gray literature on Feb 4, 2022. Eligible studies were RCTs and observational studies of interventions to reduce loneliness in community-living adults that used a validated loneliness scale; studies from low- or middle-income countries were excluded, and studies were excluded if restricted to populations where all persons had the same disease (such as loneliness in persons with dementia). RESULTS A total of 5971 titles were reviewed and 60 studies were included in the analysis, 36 RCTs and 24 observational studies. Eleven RCTs and 5 observational studies provided moderate certainty evidence that group-based treatment was associated with reduced loneliness (standardized mean difference for RCTs = - 0.27, 95% CI - 0.48, - 0.08). Five RCTs and 5 observational studies provided moderate certainty evidence that internet training was associated with reduced loneliness (standardized mean difference for RCTs = - 0.22, 95% CI - 0.30, - 0.14). Low certainty evidence suggested that group exercises may be associated with very small reductions in loneliness. Evidence was insufficient to reach conclusions about group-based activities, individual in-person interactions, internet-delivered interventions, and telephone-delivered interventions. DISCUSSION Low-to-moderate certainty evidence exists that group-based treatments, internet training, and possibly group exercises are associated with modest reductions in loneliness in community-living older adults. These findings can inform the design of supplemental benefits and the implementation of evidence-based interventions to address loneliness. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO ( CRD42021272305 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Shekelle
- Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Division of General Internal Medicine & Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- General Internal Medicine 111G, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Isomi M Miake-Lye
- Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Meron M Begashaw
- Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marika S Booth
- RAND Corporation, Southern California Evidence-Based Practice Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Bethany Myers
- Louise M. Darling Biomedical Library, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Bujanda-Sainz de Murieta A, Soto-Ruiz N, García-Vivar C, San Martín-Rodríguez L, Escalada-Hernández P. Use of Online Communities among People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Scoping Review. Curr Diab Rep 2024; 24:96-107. [PMID: 38457015 PMCID: PMC11043193 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-024-01538-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW People with diabetes require continuous self-monitoring and face numerous decisions in their day-to-day lives. Therefore, on many occasions, they need more support than that provided by health professionals. In this context, peer support in online diabetes communities could be a useful tool. The purpose of the review is to describe, analyze and synthesize the available evidence on the use and health out-comes of online communities for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. Searches were performed PubMed, Web of Science, CINHAL, Scopus and Cochrane databases. RECENT FINDINGS From 1821 identified documents, 6 articles were included. These studies explored the characteristics of diabetes online communities and the population features. Besides, the results were classified according to whether they were clinical, psychosocial, or addressed people's experiences with the online community. The analysis underscores their value in facilitating communication, improving diabetes management, and enhancing psychosocial well-being. Future investigations should prioritize longitudinal assessments to elucidate the sustained impact of community engagement and optimize user participation for enhanced patient outcomes. The growing relevance of new technologies has led to a significant number of individuals with chronic illnesses seeking peer support. Online health communities have emerged as virtual spaces where individuals with shared health interests interact and form relationships. Within these digital spaces, individuals can engage in peer interaction, observe behaviors, and mutually benefit, potentially leading to improved attitudes toward the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantxa Bujanda-Sainz de Murieta
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Avda. Barañain S/N, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nelia Soto-Ruiz
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Avda. Barañain S/N, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Cristina García-Vivar
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Avda. Barañain S/N, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leticia San Martín-Rodríguez
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Avda. Barañain S/N, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paula Escalada-Hernández
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Avda. Barañain S/N, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
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Gunnes M, Løe IC, Kalseth J. Exploring the impact of information and communication technologies on loneliness and social isolation in community-dwelling older adults: a scoping review of reviews. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:215. [PMID: 38431561 PMCID: PMC10908002 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04837-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recognizing the escalating public health concerns of loneliness and social isolation in aging populations, this study seeks to comprehensively explore the potential of information and communication technology (ICT)-based interventions to address these issues among older adults. This scoping review of reviews aims to map and synthesize existing evidence on the effectiveness and scope of ICT interventions targeting loneliness and social isolation in community-dwelling older adults, elucidating types of technology, impacts, facilitators, barriers, and research gaps. METHODS Following the Joanna Briggs Institute framework, we systematically searched eight diverse databases identifying relevant published reviews. We included English-written, peer-reviewed reviews of all types, with no limits regarding time of publication about ICTs targeting loneliness and/or social isolation for community-dwelling older adults. Eligible reviews were analysed and summarized, offering a holistic narrative of the reported types of ICTs and their impact, the identified facilitators and barriers influencing the implementation and adoption of ICT interventions, and the research gaps identified in the literature. RESULTS The review included 39 publications published between 2012 and 2024, spanning systematic, scoping, and reviews of reviews. Various ICTs were reported, primarily social media virtual communities, followed by video-mediated friendly visits, conversational agents, social robots, exergames and online gameplay. Predominantly positive impacts on mitigating social isolation and loneliness were evident for these ICTs, although methodological diversity and contradictory findings complicated definite conclusions. Facilitators and barriers encompassed individual competencies, access and usage, and intervention design and implementation. Research gaps involved targeting specific subgroups, exploring innovative technologies, incorporating diverse study designs, improving research methodologies, and addressing usability and accessibility. Future research should focus on identifying elderly individuals who can benefit the most from ICT use, exploring novel technologies, using a wider range of study designs, and enhancing usability and accessibility considerations. CONCLUSIONS This review sheds light on the diverse range of ICTs, their impact, and the facilitators and barriers associated with their use. Future investigations should prioritize refining outcome measures, addressing gender differences, and enhancing the usability and accessibility of interventions. The involvement of older adults in the design process and the exploration of technological training interventions hold promise in overcoming barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Gunnes
- Department of Health Research, SINTEF Digital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Ida-Camilla Løe
- Department of Technology Management, SINTEF Digital, Steinkjer, Norway
| | - Jorid Kalseth
- Department of Health Research, SINTEF Digital, Trondheim, Norway
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Fritz J, von Heideken Wågert P, Gusdal AK, Johansson-Pajala RM, Eklund C. Determinants of Implementing an Information and Communication Technology Tool for Social Interaction Among Older People: Qualitative Content Analysis of Social Services Personnel Perspectives. JMIR Aging 2024; 7:e43999. [PMID: 38407955 DOI: 10.2196/43999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older people are particularly vulnerable to social isolation and loneliness, which can lead to ill-health, both mentally and physically. Information and communication technology (ICT) can supplement health and social care and improve health among the vulnerable, older adult population. When ICT is used specifically for communication with others, it is associated with reduced loneliness in older populations. Research is sparse on how the implementation of ICT, used specifically for communication among older people in social services, can be performed. It is recommended to consider the determinants of implementation, that is, barriers to and facilitators of implementation. Determinants related to older people using ICT tools are reported in several studies. To the best of our knowledge, studies investigating the determinants related to the social services perspective are lacking. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the determinants of implementing the Fik@ room, a new, co-designed, and research-based ICT tool for social interaction among older people, from a social services personnel perspective. METHODS This study used an exploratory, qualitative design. An ICT tool called the Fik@ room was tested in an intervention study conducted in 2021 in 2 medium-sized municipalities in Sweden. Informants in this study were municipal social services personnel with experience of implementing this specific ICT tool in social services. We conducted a participatory workshop consisting of 2 parts, with 9 informants divided into 2 groups. We analyzed the data using qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach. RESULTS The results included 7 categories of determinants for implementing the ICT tool. Being able to introduce the ICT tool in an appropriate manner concerns the personnel's options for introducing and supporting the ICT tool, including their competencies in using digital equipment. Organizational structure concerns a structure for communication within the organization. Leadership concerns engagement and enthusiasm as driving forces for implementation. The digital maturity of the social services personnel concerns the personnel's skills and attitudes toward using digital equipment. Resources concern time and money. IT support concerns accessibility, and legal liability concerns possibilities to fulfill legal responsibilities. CONCLUSIONS The results show that implementation involves an entire organization at varying degrees. Regardless of how much each level within the organization comes into direct contact with the ICT tool, all levels need to be involved to create the necessary conditions for successful implementation. The prerequisites for the implementation of an ICT tool will probably change depending on the digital maturity of future generations. As this study only included 9 informants, the results should be handled with care. The study was performed during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has probably affected the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Fritz
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna/Västerås, Sweden
| | | | - Annelie K Gusdal
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna/Västerås, Sweden
| | | | - Caroline Eklund
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna/Västerås, Sweden
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11
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Choi NG, Marti CN, Choi BY. Associations of Depression/Anxiety with Technology Use, Discontinued Use, and Nonuse in Older Adults. Clin Gerontol 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38372144 PMCID: PMC11331021 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2024.2318478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine correlates of the changes in technology use among older adults and the associations of depression/anxiety symptoms with technology use changes. METHODS We used the 2019-2021 U.S. National Health and Aging Trends Study (N = 3,063; age 70+). We fitted multinomial logistic regression models to examine: (1) correlates of never use and discontinued use versus use of email/texting and the internet during the 3-year study period; and (2) associations of past-month depression/anxiety symptoms in 2021 with use and discontinued use versus never use of email/texting and social network site (SNS). RESULTS The findings show age, socioeconomic, and health barriers to technology use. Email/texting and SNS use in 2021, compared to never use in all 3 years, was associated with a lower likelihood of moderate/severe depression/anxiety symptoms in 2021 (RRR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.37-0.81 for email/texting use; RRR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.33-0.97 for SNS use). Video calls with family/friends were not associated with depression/anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The findings expand the existing knowledge base regarding potential impact of technology use on mental health beyond the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS More concerted efforts are warranted to help older adults' technology uptake and continued use and to promote mental health benefits of technology use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namkee G. Choi
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin
| | - C. Nathan Marti
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin
| | - Bryan Y. Choi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine and BayHealth
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12
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Hughes G, Moore L, Hennessy M, Sandset T, Jentoft EE, Haldar M. What kind of a problem is loneliness? Representations of connectedness and participation from a study of telepresence technologies in the UK. Front Digit Health 2024; 6:1304085. [PMID: 38440196 PMCID: PMC10910053 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2024.1304085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Loneliness is represented in UK policy as a public health problem with consequences in terms of individual suffering, population burden and service use. However, loneliness is historically and culturally produced; manifestations of loneliness and social isolation also require social and cultural analysis. We explored meanings of loneliness and social isolation in the UK 2020-2022 and considered what the solutions of telepresence technologies reveal about the problems they are used to address. Through qualitative methods we traced the introduction and use of two telepresence technologies and representations of these, and other technologies, in policy and UK media. Our dataset comprises interviews, fieldnotes, policy documents, grey literature and newspaper articles. We found loneliness was represented as a problem of individual human connection and of collective participation in social life, with technology understood as having the potential to enhance and inhibit connections and participation. Technologically-mediated connections were frequently perceived as inferior to in-person contact, particularly in light of the enforced social isolation of the COVID-19 pandemic. We argue that addressing loneliness requires attending to other, related, health and social problems and introducing technological solutions requires integration into the complex social and organisational dynamics that shape technology adoption. We conclude that loneliness is primarily understood as a painful lack of co-presence, no longer regarded as simply a subjective experience, but as a social and policy problem demanding resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Hughes
- School of Business, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Moore
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Hennessy
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Sandset
- Centre for Sustainable Healthcare Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elian E. Jentoft
- Centre for the Study of Digitalization of Public Services and Citizenship, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Haldar
- Centre for the Study of Digitalization of Public Services and Citizenship, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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13
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Zolkepli IA, Tariq R, Isawasan P, Shamugam L, Mustafa H. The effects of negative social media connotations on subjective wellbeing of an ageing population: A stressor-strain-outcome perspective. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296973. [PMID: 38289938 PMCID: PMC10826960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, users' privacy concerns and reluctance to use have posed a challenge for the social media and wellbeing of its users. There is a paucity of research on elderly users' negative connotations of social media and the way these connotations contribute to developing passive behaviour towards social media use, which, in turn, affects subjective wellbeing. To address this research vacuum we employed the stressor-strain-outcome (SSO) approach to describe the evolution of passive social media use behaviour from the perspective of communication overload, complexity, and privacy. We conceptualized subjective wellbeing as a combination of three components-negative feelings, positive feelings, and life satisfaction. Negative and positive feelings were used to derive an overall affect balance score that fluctuates between 'unhappiest possible' and 'happiest possible'. The proposed research framework was empirically validated through 399 valid responses from elderly social media users. Our findings reveal that communication overload and complexity raise privacy concerns among social media users, which leads to passive usage of social media. This passive social media use improved the subjective wellbeing favourably by lowering negative feelings and raising positive feelings and life satisfaction. The findings also revealed that respondents' overall affect balance leans towards positive feelings as a consequence of passive social media use. This study contributes to the field of technostress by illuminating how the SSO perspective aid the comprehension of the way passive social media use influences the subjective wellbeing of its users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzal Asnira Zolkepli
- School of Communication, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Rehan Tariq
- School of Communication, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Pradeep Isawasan
- College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Lalitha Shamugam
- School of Communication, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Hasrina Mustafa
- School of Communication, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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14
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Lei X, Matovic D, Leung WY, Viju A, Wuthrich VM. The relationship between social media use and psychosocial outcomes in older adults: A systematic review. Int Psychogeriatr 2024:1-33. [PMID: 38287785 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610223004519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Social isolation and loneliness are prevalent in older adults and are detrimental to physical and mental health. Social media use has been shown to be effective in maintaining social connections and improving older adults' psychosocial outcomes. This study aimed to systematically review and synthesize current research on this topic. DESIGN Searches were conducted in November 2021 (and updated in October 2023) in PsycINFO, PubMed, and CINAHL. Inclusion criteria: (1) participants ≥ 65 years (mean, median, or minimum age) and (2) reported impact of social media use on psychosocial outcomes (including loneliness, depression, anxiety, social connectedness, wellbeing, life satisfaction, and quality of life). Quality appraisal tools were utilized, and results were synthesized using narrative synthesis. RESULTS Sixty-four papers met inclusion criteria, including cross-sectional (n = 38), observational longitudinal (n = 6), interventional (n = 9), mixed-methods (n = 4), and qualitative (n = 7) studies. Participant numbers ranged from 6 to 16,925. While associations between social media use and positive psychosocial outcomes were generally reported in cross-sectional studies, the impact of social media use over time from longitudinal studies was mixed and inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS While social media use is associated with positive psychosocial outcomes, casual conclusions cannot be drawn. Few longitudinal and randomized controlled trial studies existed, and these reported mixed findings. Large variations in study methodology including participants, measurement of social media use, and outcome measures contributed to the inconsistencies of findings. Addressing this heterogeneity through standardized approaches and more rigorous research may enhance understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Lei
- Macquarie University Lifespan Health & Wellbeing Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Diana Matovic
- Macquarie University Lifespan Health & Wellbeing Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Wing-Yin Leung
- Macquarie University Lifespan Health & Wellbeing Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Abhirami Viju
- Macquarie University Lifespan Health & Wellbeing Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Viviana M Wuthrich
- Macquarie University Lifespan Health & Wellbeing Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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15
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Prada Crespo D, Montejo Carrasco P, Díaz-Mardomingo C, Villalba-Mora E, Montenegro-Peña M. Social Loneliness in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Predictive Factors and Associated Clinical Characteristics. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:697-714. [PMID: 38160358 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loneliness and social isolation are considered public health problems among older individuals. In addition, both increase the risk of developing cognitive impairment and dementia. The Social Loneliness construct has been proposed to refer to these harmful social interaction-related factors. OBJECTIVE To define the risk factors of Social Loneliness in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to analyze cognitive, emotional, and functional differences according to the participant's degree of Social Loneliness. METHODS Through convenience sampling, 105 participants over 60 diagnosed with MCI were selected. The evaluation consisted of anamnesis and a comprehensive neuropsychological examination. The ESTE-II questionnaire was used to assess Social Loneliness and its three factors: perceived social support, social participation, and use of communication technologies. Personality was measured with the NEO-FFI questionnaire. RESULTS The predictors of the Social Loneliness factors were as follows; 1) perceived social support (R2 = 0.33): Neuroticism (β= 0.353), depression (β= 0.205), and perceived health (β= 0.133); 2) social participation (R2 = 0.24): Conscientiousness (β= -0.344) and Extraversion (β= -0.263); 3) use of communication technologies (R2 = 0.44): age (β= 0.409), type of cohabitation (β= 0.331), cognitive reserve (β= -0.303), and Conscientiousness (β= -0.247); all p < 0.05. The participants with a higher degree of Social Loneliness showed more depressive symptoms (R2 = 0.133), more memory complaints (R2 = 0.086), worse perceived health (R2 = 0.147), lower attentional performance/processing speed (R2 = 0.094), and more naming difficulties (R2 = 0.132); all p < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS This research represents an advance in detecting individuals with MCI and an increased risk of developing Social Loneliness, which influences the configuration of the clinical profile of MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Prada Crespo
- Department of Basic Psychology I, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Internacional de Doctorado, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (EIDUNED), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Díaz-Mardomingo
- Department of Basic Psychology I, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Mixto de Investigación-Escuela Nacional de Sanidad (IMIENS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Villalba-Mora
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Montenegro-Peña
- Center for the Prevention of Cognitive Impairment, Madrid City Council, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
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16
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Jeong HN, Chang SJ, Kim S. Associations with smartphone usage and life satisfaction among older adults: Mediating roles of depressive symptoms and cognitive function. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 55:168-175. [PMID: 38006722 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the serial mediating effects of depressive symptoms and cognitive function on the relationship between smartphone usage and life satisfaction among older people. Multiple linear regression analyses for complex randomly sampled data were used to identify the association between the status/level of smartphone usage, depressive symptoms, cognitive function, and life satisfaction. Furthermore, the Sobel test was conducted to assess the serial mediating effects of depressive symptoms and cognitive function on the relationship between smartphone usage and life satisfaction. The status and level of smartphone usage had significant positive impacts on cognitive function and life satisfaction, and negative impacts on depressive symptoms. Our results suggest that nurses should assess the status and level of smartphone usage among older people and plan approaches that enable them to utilize various smartphone functions to improve the well-being of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Na Jeong
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Ju Chang
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Welch V, Ghogomu ET, Barbeau VI, Dowling S, Doyle R, Beveridge E, Boulton E, Desai P, Huang J, Elmestekawy N, Hussain T, Wadhwani A, Boutin S, Haitas N, Kneale D, Salzwedel DM, Simard R, Hébert P, Mikton C. Digital interventions to reduce social isolation and loneliness in older adults: An evidence and gap map. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2023; 19:e1369. [PMID: 38024780 PMCID: PMC10681039 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Social isolation and loneliness are more common in older adults and are associated with a serious impact on their well-being, mental health, physical health, and longevity. They are a public health concern highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, hence the need for digital technology tools to enable remotely delivered interventions to alleviate the impact of social isolation and loneliness during the COVID-19 restrictions. Objectives To map available evidence on the effects of digital interventions to mitigate social isolation and/or loneliness in older adults in all settings except hospital settings. Search Methods We searched the following databases from inception to May 16, 2021, with no language restrictions. Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycInfo via Ovid, CINAHL via EBSCO, Web of Science via Clarivate, ProQuest (all databases), International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) via ProQuest, EBSCO (all databases except CINAHL), Global Index Medicus, and Epistemonikos. Selection Criteria Titles and abstracts and full text of potentially eligible articles were independently screened in duplicate following the eligibility criteria. Data Collection and Analysis We developed and pilot tested a data extraction code set in Eppi-Reviewer and data were individually extracted and coded based on an intervention-outcome framework which was also used to define the dimensions of the evidence and gap map. Main Results We included 200 articles (103 primary studies and 97 systematic reviews) that assessed the effects of digital interventions to reduce social isolation and/or loneliness in older adults. Most of the systematic reviews (72%) were classified as critically low quality, only 2% as high quality and 25% were published since the COVID-19 pandemic. The evidence is unevenly distributed with clusters predominantly in high-income countries and none in low-income countries. The most common interventions identified are digital interventions to enhance social interactions with family and friends and the community via videoconferencing and telephone calls. Digital interventions to enhance social support, particularly socially assistive robots, and virtual pets were also common. Most interventions focused on reducing loneliness and depression and improving quality of life of older adults. Major gaps were identified in community level outcomes and process indicators. No included studies or reviews assessed affordability or digital divide although the value of accessibility and barriers caused by digital divide were discussed in three primary studies and three reviews. Adverse effects were reported in only two studies and six reviews. No study or review included participants from the LGBTQIA2S+ community and only one study restricted participants to 80 years and older. Very few described how at-risk populations were recruited or conducted any equity analysis to assess differences in effects for populations experiencing inequities across PROGRESS-Plus categories. Authors' Conclusions The restrictions placed on people during the pandemic have shone a spotlight onto social isolation and loneliness, particularly for older adults. This evidence and gap map shows available evidence on the effectiveness of digital interventions for reducing social isolation or loneliness in older adults. Although the evidence is relatively large and recent, it is unevenly distributed and there is need for more high-quality research. This map can guide researchers and funders to consider areas of major gaps as priorities for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Welch
- Methods Centre, Bruyère Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
| | | | | | - Sierra Dowling
- Methods Centre, Bruyère Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
| | | | - Ella Beveridge
- Methods Centre, Bruyère Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Elisabeth Boulton
- School of Health Sciences, Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social WorkUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Payaam Desai
- Methods Centre, Bruyère Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Jimmy Huang
- Methods Centre, Bruyère Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
| | | | | | - Arpana Wadhwani
- Methods Centre, Bruyère Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
| | | | | | - Dylan Kneale
- Social Science Research Unit, EPPI‐Centre, UCL Institute of EducationUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Douglas M. Salzwedel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and TherapeuticsUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | - Paul Hébert
- Bruyère Research InstituteUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
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Shah HA, Househ M. Understanding Loneliness in Younger People: Review of the Opportunities and Challenges for Loneliness Interventions. Interact J Med Res 2023; 12:e45197. [PMID: 37917125 PMCID: PMC10654910 DOI: 10.2196/45197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Loneliness affects the quality of life of people all around the world. Loneliness is also shown to be directly associated with mental health issues and is often the cause of mental health problems. It is also shown to increase the risk of heart diseases and other physical illnesses. Loneliness is studied both from the social and medical sciences perspectives. There are also interventions on the basis of health informatics, information and communication technologies (ICTs), social media, and other technological solutions. In the literature, loneliness is studied from various angles and perspectives ranging from biological to socioeconomical and through anthropological understandings of technology. From the ICT and technological sides, there are multiple reviews studying the effectiveness of intervention strategies and solutions. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive review on loneliness that engulfs the psychological, social, and technological studies of loneliness. From the perspective of loneliness informatics (ie, the application of health informatics practices and tools), it is important to understand the psychological and biological basis of loneliness. When it comes to technological interventions to fight off loneliness, the majority of interventions focus on older people. While loneliness is highest among older people, theoretical and demographical studies of loneliness give a U-shaped distribution age-wise to loneliness; that is, younger people and older people are the demographics most affected by loneliness. But the strategies and interventions designed for older people cannot be directly applied to younger people. We present the dynamics of loneliness in younger people and also provide an overview of the technological interventions for loneliness in younger people. This paper presents an approach wherein the studies carried out from the perspectives of digital health and informatics are discussed in detail. A comprehensive overview of the understanding of loneliness and the study of the overall field of tools and strategies of loneliness informatics was carried out. The need to study loneliness in younger people is addressed and particular digital solutions and interventions developed for younger people are presented. This paper can be used to overcome the challenges of technological gaps in the studies and strategies developed for loneliness. The findings of this study show that the majority of interventions and reviews are focused on older people, with ICT-based and social media-based interventions showing promise for countering the effects of loneliness. There are new technologies, such as conversational agents and robots, which are tailored to the particular needs of younger people. This literature review suggests that the digital solutions developed to overcome loneliness can benefit people, and younger people in particular, more if they are made interactive in order to retain users.
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Jøranson N, Zechner M, Korkmaz Yaylagul N, Efthymiou A, Silva R. Experienced barriers in the use of ICT for social interaction in older adults ageing in place: a qualitative systematic review protocol (SYSR-D-22-00848). Syst Rev 2023; 12:192. [PMID: 37817279 PMCID: PMC10563227 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02332-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several information and communication technologies (ICT) have been developed to enhance social connectedness of older adults aging in place, although they are not accessible for all. Barriers in using ICT might for example relate to health issues, sensory loss, lack of technical skills, or reluctance to use technologies. Though knowledge on these barriers is crucial for the development and implementation of ICT for older adults, no systematic review was found on this subject. The proposed qualitative systematic review aims to explore barriers experienced by older adults aging in place in using ICT for social interaction. METHODS The review will be conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology. Databases for search will include MEDLINE (via PubMed), CINAHL (via EBSCO), and Web of Science (ISI), among others. Included studies focus on older adults ageing in place 60 years or older. Pairs of authors will independently, by following agreed guidelines, assess the eligibility of studies, and extract data. The testing of eligibility criteria and screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts will be performed. The findings will describe for example populations, context, culture, and the phenomena of interest. Qualitative research findings will, where possible, be pooled by using JBI SUMARI for the meta-aggregation approach. DISCUSSION The mapping of published studies has the potential to identify research gaps in the existing literature, which again may inform developers and stakeholders in designing more user-friendly and adaptive ICT solutions for older people ageing in place. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION CRD42022370044.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Jøranson
- Faculty of Health Studies, VID Specialized University, Vinderen, PO Box 184, N-3019, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Minna Zechner
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, P.O. Box 54 (Unioninkatu 37), 00014, Finland
| | - Nilufer Korkmaz Yaylagul
- Faculty of Health Science, Gerontology Department, Akdeniz University, Dumlupınar Boulevard, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Areti Efthymiou
- Quality of Life Lab, Department of Social Work, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos Heraklion, Crete, PC 71410, Greece
| | - Rosa Silva
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Nursing School of Porto, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Portugal Centre for Evidence Based Practice, A JBI Centre of Excellence (PCEBP), 3000-232, Coimbra, Portugal
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20
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Choi HK, Lee K, Lee SH. Developmental Study on "Smart Silver Care": A Mobile Application to Alleviate Loneliness in Older Adults within the Community. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2376. [PMID: 37685410 PMCID: PMC10486451 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11172376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loneliness poses a significant threat to the quality of life of older adults. Therefore, it is essential to implement non-face-to-face services to solve the loneliness of older adults in the community. OBJECTIVES This study used the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model to develop mobile applications as a loneliness intervention for older adults living in the community. METHODS A mobile application was developed using the ADDIE model to alleviate loneliness in older adults living in the community. The development process included a systematic review, a face-to-face preference survey, and an experts' evaluation. From 11 to 15 June 2021, the following six databases were used to search for related articles: Ovid-Medline, Ovid-EMBASE, Cochrane Library, KISS, Korea Med, RISS. A preference analysis was conducted on 100 adults aged 65 or older living in the community from 15 July to 31 August 2021. RESULTS A mobile application for community-dwelling older adults was developed. Its contents included emotional support, cognition, physical activity, health data, nutrition, and motivation. They were organized through a systematic review and preference survey in the analysis stage. They were also designed as main menus and sub-content at the design stage. They also designed the structure, functionality, and interface layout. The application was developed by integrating the designed content and determining the operating system, language, access method, privacy, and server history. Then, experts evaluated the validity of the application. CONCLUSIONS The prototype mobile application incorporates emotional support, cognition, physical activity, health data, nutrition, and motivation. It is expected to help older adults achieve their goals by promoting participation. By incorporating expert validity into the content development process of early prototypes, we have improved the usability and acceptability of our products. Future pilot trials are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of this mobile application among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seon-Heui Lee
- Department of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea; (H.-K.C.); (K.L.)
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Scarcella I, Marino F, Failla C, Doria G, Chilà P, Minutoli R, Vetrano N, Vagni D, Pignolo L, Di Cara M, Settimo C, Quartarone A, Cerasa A, Pioggia G. Information and communication technologies-based interventions for children with autism spectrum conditions: a systematic review of randomized control trials from a positive technology perspective. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1212522. [PMID: 37547218 PMCID: PMC10398379 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1212522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have become more widely used in the past years to help people with autism spectrum conditions (ASC). Serious games embedded into computers or tablets, as well as social robots, are the most employed ICT-related tools that are appealing to and appropriate for autistic children. The goal of ICT applications is to enhance behavioral abnormalities associated with ASC while also creating an interactive link between one person and one computer. Comparatively, to human-based therapy, ICT tools aid to inspire autistic children by providing predictability and regularity of tasks. Regaining social skills is the primary behavioral goal for which ICT tools have been designed and implemented. In the past several years, many studies have been created to show how effective it is at improving targeted behaviors. However, only a small number of researchers have used an RCT approach to evaluate its effectiveness. In this systematic review, we only included RCT studies where ICT technologies were used to help children with ASC in improving their social skills. Only 14 RCT studies satisfied the criteria and 12 described significant improvements, showing how the use of technology in educational contexts produced better improvement in developing several social skill facets with respect to the traditional face-to-face approach. Some studies used interventions and outcome measures focused on the core ASC symptoms, but many others addressed neurocognitive functions directly, like social cognition or emotional regulation, while other more general functions such as language or adaptive behaviors. We propose a classification based on processes and outcome measures to foster future research in this specific area of research. The behavioral intervention mediated by technological tools such as computer-based, tablet, and social robotics, undoubtedly provides a comfortable environment that promotes constant learning for people with ASC. Evidence provided in this review highlights the translational potential of this field of study in primary care practice and educational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Scarcella
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Marino
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
| | - Chiara Failla
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
- Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | - Germana Doria
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Chilà
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Minutoli
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Noemi Vetrano
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
- Department of Cognitive, Psychological Science and Cultural Studies, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - David Vagni
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Cerasa
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
- S'Anna Institute, Crotone, Italy
- Pharmacotechnology Documentation and Transfer Unit, Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
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Older Adults' Use of a Research-Based Web Platform for Social Interaction. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11030408. [PMID: 36766983 PMCID: PMC9913984 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11030408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Loneliness and social isolation are triggers for unfavorable changes in older adults' health and well-being. Information and communication technology (ICT) can be used by older adults to mitigate the negative effects of loneliness and social isolation. However, ICT needs to be customized to the specific needs and conditions of older adults. The aim of this study was to explore older adults' use of a new, co-designed and research-based web platform for social interaction from the perspectives of older adults, researchers, and social services personnel. The study is an intervention study with a multimethod approach in which 20 older adults used the web platform for social interaction "the Fik@ room" for eight weeks. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected pretest, during the test, and posttest. The Fik@ room met the expectations of those older adults who completed the study. It enabled them to expand their social network and develop new friendships, but their experiences of loneliness were not reduced. The involvement of social services personnel in recruitment and support was important in facilitating older adults' use of the Fik@ room. Our study contributes knowledge about a new, co-designed and research-based web platform, customized specifically for older adults, which is valuable in guiding the design and delivery of future web platforms for social interaction among older adults.
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23
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Effects of mobile Internet use on loneliness among older adults: Health status as a possible moderator? J Public Health (Oxf) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-022-01810-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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24
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Zhang H, Välimäki M, Li X, Nan J, Wu S, Zeng X, Duan Y, Feng H. Barriers and facilitators of digital interventions use to reduce loneliness among older adults: a protocol for a qualitative systematic review. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e067858. [PMID: 36456019 PMCID: PMC9716780 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Digital interventions are considered as a potential solution to loneliness in older adults. However, this type of intervention has had limited acceptance among older adults (aged ≥60 years). To ensure the use of digital interventions in older adults, possible barriers and facilitating factors should be better understood from the user's perspective. We aim to systematically examine the barriers and facilitators to the implementation of digital interventions designed to reduce loneliness in older adults by identifying, evaluating and synthesising qualitative studies. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A comprehensive search of qualitative studies for barriers and facilitators for use of digital interventions will be conducted in the following databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. Studies reported in English will be considered for this review. Grey literature will not be included. Two reviewers (HZ and XL) will independently screen the literatures, and any differences will be solved by turning to the third reviewer (JN). The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Qualitative Research Critical Appraisal Checklist will be used by two reviewers to independently assess the validity of the methods used. Relevant data about the populations, context, culture, geographical location, study methods and barriers and facilitators to the implementation of digital interventions will be extracted using the JBI standardised data extraction tool. JBI meta-aggregation methods will be implemented to synthesise the data, which will generate themes and categories based on the data. The final synthesis will establish confidence levels using the JBI ConQual approach. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The protocol does not require ethical approval. The data are based on published scientific databases. The results will be disseminated through journal articles and scientific conference presentations (if feasible). PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022328609.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Maritta Välimäki
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiahui Nan
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianmei Zeng
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunzhu Duan
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya-Oceanwide Health Management Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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25
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De Luca V, Femminella GD, Patalano R, Formosa V, Lorusso G, Rivetta C, Di Lullo F, Mercurio L, Rea T, Salvatore E, Korkmaz Yaylagul N, Apostolo J, Silva RC, Dantas C, van Staalduinen WH, Liotta G, Iaccarino G, Triassi M, Illario M. Assessment Tools of Biopsychosocial Frailty Dimensions in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16050. [PMID: 36498125 PMCID: PMC9739796 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Frailty is a complex interplay between several factors, including physiological changes in ageing, multimorbidities, malnutrition, living environment, genetics, and lifestyle. Early screening for frailty risk factors in community-dwelling older people allows for preventive interventions on the clinical and social determinants of frailty, which allows adverse events to be avoided. By conducting a narrative review of the literature employing the International Narrative Systematic Assessment tool, the authors aimed to develop an updated framework for the main measurement tools to assess frailty risks in older adults, paying attention to use in the community and primary care settings. This search focused on the biopsychosocial domains of frailty that are covered in the SUNFRAIL tool. The study selected 178 reviews (polypharmacy: 20; nutrition: 13; physical activity: 74; medical visits: 0; falls: 39; cognitive decline: 12; loneliness: 15; social support: 5; economic constraints: 0) published between January 2010 and December 2021. Within the selected reviews, 123 assessment tools were identified (polypharmacy: 15; nutrition: 15; physical activity: 25; medical visits: 0; falls: 26; cognitive decline: 18; loneliness: 9; social support: 15; economic constraints: 0). The narrative review allowed us to evaluate assessment tools of frailty domains to be adopted for multidimensional health promotion and prevention interventions in community and primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo De Luca
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Grazia Daniela Femminella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberta Patalano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valeria Formosa
- Specializzazione in Igiene e Medicina Preventiva, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Grazia Lorusso
- Specializzazione in Igiene e Medicina Preventiva, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Cristiano Rivetta
- Specializzazione in Igiene e Medicina Preventiva, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Federica Di Lullo
- Specializzazione in Igiene e Medicina Preventiva, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Mercurio
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Teresa Rea
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Elena Salvatore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Joao Apostolo
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA:E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), Avenida Bissaya Barreto, 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Carla Silva
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA:E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), Avenida Bissaya Barreto, 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Liotta
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Triassi
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maddalena Illario
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Seok JW, Kwon YJ, Lee H. Feasibility and efficacy of TouchCare system using application for older adults living alone: a pilot pre-experimental study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:799. [PMID: 36474186 PMCID: PMC9829959 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03482-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the number of older people living alone continuously rising, health-monitoring systems using information and communication technology (ICT) have been developed to manage their health issues. Life logging and human body communication sensor, types of ICT, have been adapted to manage and monitor health status of the elderly. However, its feasibility and efficacy remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of TouchCare system which combined life logging with human body communication technology and its effect on the physical and psychological status of older adults living alone. METHODS The TouchCare system, which consisted of a wearable watch, touchpad sensors, TouchCare application, and context-aware artificial intelligence, was developed by DNX Co. Ltd and used by the participants for 5 months. Out of the 111 selected participants, 91 replied to the satisfaction survey, and 22 participated in further investigation regarding their physical and psychological status. Finally, health assessment from 14 participants and sensor data from 13 participants (mean age = 77.4; SD = 3.8) were analyzed to compare their health status and health-related behaviors before and after use of the system. RESULTS Out of the 91 participants who took the survey, 51.6% were satisfied with the system. Nutritional status (pre-intervention (10.6 ± 2.0) vs. post-intervention (11.8 ± 1.9), P = 0.04) and fall efficacy (pre-intervention (89.2 ± 15.3) vs. post-intervention (99.9 ± 0.5), P = 0.001) significantly improved after use of the system. Chronic pain (pre-intervention (4.8 ± 2.5) vs. post-intervention (4.4 ± 3.7), P = 0.78) and depressive symptoms (pre-intervention (5.7 ± 3.9) vs. post-intervention (5.4 ± 3.1), P = 0.60) reduced, while cognitive function (pre-intervention (4.1 ± 1.4) vs. post-intervention (4.6 ± 1.1), P = 0.15) and physical performance related to walking improved (pre-intervention (3.9 ± 0.2) vs. post-intervention (4.0 ± 0), P = 0.35), but were not significant. Behaviors related to physical activity and gait improved after use of the system; touch counts of refrigerator and microwave also increased with a decrease in night touch counts. CONCLUSIONS The TouchCare system was acceptable to older people living alone, and it efficiently managed their daily living while promoting their health-related behaviors. Further experimental studies are required to verify the effectiveness of the system, and to develop the system which meet the individualized needs of older people living alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Woon Seok
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454College of Nursing, Mo-Im Kim Research Institute, Yonsei University, 50-1, Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kwon
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 16995 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyangkyu Lee
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454College of Nursing, Mo-Im Kim Research Institute, Yonsei University, 50-1, Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
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The Effects of Online Social Interactions on Life Satisfaction of Older Chinese Adults: New Insights Based on a Longitudinal Approach. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10101964. [PMID: 36292411 PMCID: PMC9602052 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Population aging and digitalization have become universal phenomena. Over the past two decades, digital inclusion has started to play a crucial role in supporting successful aging. Based on a nationally representative sample of around 5200 older adults in China over the period of 2014-2018, we explore the effects of online social interactions (OSIs) on the life satisfaction of older adults. We find that OSIs can improve the levels of life satisfaction of older Chinese adults. Estimates from fixed effect and cross-lagged structural equation models further suggest that OSIs work by increasing physical activities, healthy time allocation, interpersonal trust, and informal social engagement and reducing loneliness. We also find that OSIs narrow the social inequality in life satisfaction across groups from rural-urban areas and groups with different social statuses. Moreover, a comparison among different online engagements shows that not all online activities positively affect older adults' life satisfaction. Different online activities have varying effects. Our results highlight that public digital interventions focusing on social functions can benefit the lives of older adults.
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Döring N, Conde M, Brandenburg K, Broll W, Gross HM, Werner S, Raake A. Can Communication Technologies Reduce Loneliness and Social Isolation in Older People? A Scoping Review of Reviews. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11310. [PMID: 36141581 PMCID: PMC9517063 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loneliness and social isolation in older age are considered major public health concerns and research on technology-based solutions is growing rapidly. This scoping review of reviews aims to summarize the communication technologies (CTs) (review question RQ1), theoretical frameworks (RQ2), study designs (RQ3), and positive effects of technology use (RQ4) present in the research field. METHODS A comprehensive multi-disciplinary, multi-database literature search was conducted. Identified reviews were analyzed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) framework. A total of N = 28 research reviews that cover 248 primary studies spanning 50 years were included. RESULTS The majority of the included reviews addressed general internet and computer use (82% each) (RQ1). Of the 28 reviews, only one (4%) worked with a theoretical framework (RQ2) and 26 (93%) covered primary studies with quantitative-experimental designs (RQ3). The positive effects of technology use were shown in 55% of the outcome measures for loneliness and 44% of the outcome measures for social isolation (RQ4). CONCLUSION While research reviews show that CTs can reduce loneliness and social isolation in older people, causal evidence is limited and insights on innovative technologies such as augmented reality systems are scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Döring
- Media Psychology and Media Design Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Melisa Conde
- Media Psychology and Media Design Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Karlheinz Brandenburg
- Electronic Media Technology Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Broll
- Virtual Worlds and Digital Games Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Horst-Michael Gross
- Neuroinformatics and Cognitive Robotics Lab, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Stephan Werner
- Electronic Media Technology Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Alexander Raake
- Audiovisual Technology Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
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Loke SC, Wünsche B. Qualitative Insights into How Older People and Their Families Use Telecommunications during a Pandemic to Alleviate Social Isolation. JOURNAL OF INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2022.2113950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Wiwatkunupakarn N, Pateekhum C, Aramrat C, Jirapornchaoren W, Pinyopornpanish K, Angkurawaranon C. Social networking site usage: A systematic review of its relationship with social isolation, loneliness, and depression among older adults. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:1318-1326. [PMID: 34427132 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1966745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Older adults, age ≥ 60 years, are at risk of depression, which is aggravated by loneliness and social isolation. The use of social networking sites (SNS) has been reported to be beneficial to help people stay in touch with their families and communities. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between SNS usage and social isolation, loneliness, and depression among older adults. METHODS The online electronic search for literature was conducted up to June 2020 using three databases and searching from reference lists to find potential studies. The inclusion criteria were based on three main study characteristics: (i) a study population of adults age ≥ 60 years, (ii) examine SNS usage, and (iii) report depression or loneliness or social isolation as outcomes. RESULTS Fifteen articles were included: ten observational and five experimental studies. Five studies focused on depression and five studies on loneliness/social isolation, while five studies reported on both outcomes. Among observational studies, there was some evidence that SNS usage was associated with lower levels of depression and loneliness scores, but a very limited number of experimental studies were able to obtain similar results. For social isolation, no study found significant associations between SNS usage and lower levels of social isolation. CONCLUSIONS This review found very limited evidence, especially from experimental studies, to support associations between SNS use with depression, loneliness, and social isolation among older adults. More studies are needed to enhance understanding to make valid conclusions. UNLABELLED The systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO database on 10 April 2019 and updated in July 2020 (CRD42019125267).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutchar Wiwatkunupakarn
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai,Thailand
| | - Chanapat Pateekhum
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai,Thailand
| | - Chanchanok Aramrat
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai,Thailand
| | - Wichuda Jirapornchaoren
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai,Thailand
| | | | - Chaisiri Angkurawaranon
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai,Thailand
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Johansson-Pajala RM, Gusdal A, Eklund C, Florin U, Wågert PVH. A codesigned web platform for reducing social isolation and loneliness in older people: a feasibility study. Inform Health Soc Care 2022; 48:109-124. [PMID: 35579407 DOI: 10.1080/17538157.2022.2070068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Social isolation and loneliness are associated with negative health outcomes, physical as well as cognitive. Information and communication technology (ICT) can be effective tools for preventing and tackling social isolation and loneliness among older people. Our objective was to evaluate the feasibility of the Fik@ room, a web platform for social interaction designed for older people. A mixed methods design was applied, where both quantitative and qualitative data were collected during a 12-week period (n = 28, Md age 74). Experiences of loneliness were reduced using the Fik@ room. The results highlight the feasibility issues surrounding the recruitment process, adoption, pattern of use, usability, support service, and technical infrastructure. In particular, the importance of offering ICT solutions with few technical issues, and to provide easily accessible and appropriate support. The Fik@ room is a feasible tool for older people to develop new friendships, reduce loneliness, and grow their social networks. However, it is not a communication option that fits all. The results offer a compilation of feasibility issues that can serve as an inspirational guide in the design and implementation of similar technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annelie Gusdal
- School of health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna, Sweden
| | - Caroline Eklund
- School of health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Florin
- School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna, Sweden
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Li G, Jin C, Zhao B, Wu B. Smartphone Use, Technology Affordance for Healthcare and Elders' Life Satisfaction. Front Public Health 2022; 10:861897. [PMID: 35480578 PMCID: PMC9035850 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.861897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have examined how smartphones influence the life satisfaction of the elderly, but the existence of conflicting conclusions suggests the existence of a “black box”. In this study, using a survey from 941 elders, we examine whether smartphone use can improve life satisfaction of the elders by inducing emotional affordance offered by social networking Apps and functional affordance offered by healthcare system Apps. It is found that both emotional affordance and functional affordance acted as intermediating variables between the use of smartphone and elders' life satisfaction. In addition, it is founded that living arrangement with adult children moderates the positive impact of smartphone use on functional affordance, but there was no such moderating effect on emotional affordance. This study offers insights about how digital healthcare innovation will be applied to increase well-being of elders by applying framework of selective optimization with compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geling Li
- China Institute for Small and Medium Enterprises, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenfei Jin
- China Institute for Small and Medium Enterprises, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Cooperation and Exchange, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Bin Zhao
| | - Bao Wu
- School of Management, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Bao Wu
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Thangavel G, Memedi M, Hedström K. Customized Information and Communication Technology for Reducing Social Isolation and Loneliness Among Older Adults: Scoping Review. JMIR Ment Health 2022; 9:e34221. [PMID: 35254273 PMCID: PMC8938833 DOI: 10.2196/34221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advancements in science and various technologies have resulted in people having access to better health care, a good quality of life, and better economic situations, enabling humans to live longer than ever before. Research shows that the problems of loneliness and social isolation are common among older adults, affecting psychological and physical health. Information and communication technology (ICT) plays an important role in alleviating social isolation and loneliness. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to explore ICT solutions for reducing social isolation or loneliness among older adults, the purpose of ICT solutions, and the evaluation focus of these solutions. This study particularly focuses on customized ICT solutions that either are designed from scratch or are modifications of existing off-the-shelf products that cater to the needs of older adults. METHODS A scoping literature review was conducted. A search across 7 databases, including ScienceDirect, Association for Computing Machinery, PubMed, IEEE Xplore, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science, was performed, targeting ICT solutions for reducing and managing social isolation and loneliness among older adults. Articles published in English from 2010 to 2020 were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS From the review of 39 articles, we identified 5 different purposes of customized ICT solutions focusing on reducing social isolation and loneliness. These were social communication, social participation, a sense of belonging, companionship, and feelings of being seen. The mapping of purposes of ICT solutions with problems found among older adults indicates that increasing social communication and social participation can help reduce social isolation problems, whereas fulfilling emotional relationships and feeling valued can reduce feelings of loneliness. In terms of customized ICT solution types, we found the following seven different categories: social network, messaging services, video chat, virtual spaces or classrooms with messaging capabilities, robotics, games, and content creation and management. Most of the included studies (30/39, 77%) evaluated the usability and acceptance aspects, and few studies (11/39, 28%) focused on loneliness or social isolation outcomes. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the importance of discussing and managing social isolation and loneliness as different but related concepts and emphasizes the need for future research to use suitable outcome measures for evaluating ICT solutions based on the problem. Even though a wide range of customized ICT solutions have been developed, future studies need to explore the recent emerging technologies, such as the Internet of Things and augmented or virtual reality, to tackle social isolation and loneliness among older adults. Furthermore, future studies should consider evaluating social isolation or loneliness while developing customized ICT solutions to provide more robust data on the effectiveness of the solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gomathi Thangavel
- Centre for Empirical Research on Information Systems, Örebro University School of Business, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Mevludin Memedi
- Centre for Empirical Research on Information Systems, Örebro University School of Business, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Karin Hedström
- Centre for Empirical Research on Information Systems, Örebro University School of Business, Örebro, Sweden
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Waycott J, Zhao W, Kelly R, Robertson E. Technology-Mediated Enrichment in Aged Care: Survey and Interview Study. JMIR Aging 2021; 5:e31162. [PMID: 34975014 PMCID: PMC9044160 DOI: 10.2196/31162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Digital technologies such as virtual reality (VR), humanoid robots, and digital companion pets have the potential to provide social and emotional enrichment for people living in aged care. However, there is currently limited knowledge about how technologies are being used to provide enrichment, what benefits they provide, and what challenges arise when deploying these technologies in aged care settings. Objective This study aims to investigate how digital technologies are being used for social and emotional enrichment in the Australian aged care industry and identify the benefits and challenges of using technology for enrichment in aged care. Methods A web-based survey (N=20) was distributed among people working in the Australian aged care sector. The survey collected information about the types of technologies being deployed and their perceived value. The survey was followed by semistructured interviews (N=12) with aged care workers and technology developers to investigate their experiences of deploying technologies with older adults living in aged care. Survey data were analyzed using summary descriptive statistics and categorizing open-ended text responses. Interview data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results The survey revealed that a range of commercial technologies, such as VR, tablet devices, and mobile phones, are being used in aged care to support social activities and provide entertainment. Respondents had differing views about the value of emerging technologies, such as VR, social robots, and robot pets, but were more united in their views about the value of videoconferencing. Interviews revealed 4 types of technology-mediated enrichment experiences: enhancing social engagement, virtually leaving the care home, reconnecting with personal interests, and providing entertainment and distraction. Our analysis identified 5 barriers: resource constraints, the need to select appropriate devices and apps, client challenges, limited staff and organizational support, and family resistance. Conclusions This study demonstrates that technologies can be used in aged care to create personally meaningful enrichment experiences for aged care clients. To maximize the effectiveness of technology-mediated enrichment, we argue that a person-centered care approach is crucial. Although enrichment experiences can be created using available technologies, they must be carefully selected and co-deployed with aged care clients. However, significant changes may be required within organizations to allow caregivers to facilitate individual technology-based activities for enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Waycott
- School of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, 700 Swanston Street, Melbourne, AU
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, 700 Swanston Street, Melbourne, AU
| | - Ryan Kelly
- School of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, 700 Swanston Street, Melbourne, AU
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Cotten SR, Schuster AM, Seifert A. Social media use and well-being among older adults. Curr Opin Psychol 2021; 45:101293. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Park J, Park MJ, Seo YG. Effectiveness of Information and Communication Technology on Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e29003. [PMID: 34787572 PMCID: PMC8726568 DOI: 10.2196/29003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internet or mobile device use as a form of information and communication technology (ICT) can be more effective in weight loss and weight maintenance than traditional obesity interventions. OBJECTIVE The study aims to assess the effectiveness of child-centered ICT interventions on obesity-related outcomes. METHODS Articles were retrieved from the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, and PubMed web-based databases. We selected randomized controlled trials in which the participants were aged <18 years. The primary outcomes were BMI, body weight, BMI z-score, waist circumference, and percentage body fat. RESULTS In total, 10 of the initial 14,867 studies identified in the databases were selected according to the inclusion criteria. A total of 640 participants were included in the intervention group and 619 in the comparator group. Meta-analyses were conducted considering various subgroups (intervention type, comparator type, target participants, mean age, sex, BMI status, and follow-up period). Overall, ICT interventions demonstrated no significant effect on BMI, body weight, BMI z-score, waist circumference, and percentage body fat. Subgroup analyses revealed that the effect of the intervention was statistically significant for the following: web intervention (weighted mean difference [WMD]=-1.26 kg/m2, 95% CI -2.24 to -0.28), lifestyle modification comparator (WMD=-1.75, 95% CI -2.76 to -0.74), intervention involving both boys and girls (WMD=-1.30, 95% CI -2.14 to -0.46), and intervention involving obesity only (WMD=-1.92, 95% CI -3.75 to -0.09). CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis results for children with obesity who used the web intervention program confirmed significant effects on BMI reduction compared with lifestyle modification. Evidence from the meta-analysis identified internet technology as a useful tool for weight loss in children with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jeong Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Gyun Seo
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
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Vaccaro R, Abbondanza S, Rolandi E, Casanova G, Pettinato L, Colombo M, Guaita A. Effect of a Social Networking Site Training on Cognitive Performance in Healthy Older People and Role of Personality Traits. Results from the Randomized Controlled Trial Ageing in a Networked Society-Social Experiment (ANS-SE) Study. Exp Aging Res 2021; 48:311-327. [PMID: 34605378 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2021.1982351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy of social network sites (SNSs) training on cognitive performance in cognitively healthy older individuals, and to explore the influence of personality traits on cognitive benefits of SNSs training. METHODS The Aging in a Networked Society-Social Experiment study was a randomized controlled trial with three arms: intervention group (course on SNSs use), active control group (lifestyle education) and waiting list. Among the 180 eligible participants, 144 participated, 115 completed the study. The assessment comprised: Stroop Color and Word Test, Wechsler tests (Digit span, Symbol search, Coding), and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire- Revised- Short Form. RESULTS There was no significant cognitive improvement for treatment group versus the control groups. Time interference significantly worsened in lifestyle education group compared to the waiting list, after controlling for baseline test scores and personality traits. CONCLUSION The present study does not support the usefulness of SNSs training with healthy older adults. The educational content of lifestyle education is not an inert condition among individuals with high levels of neuroticism and socially desirable responding. There is a need to design experimental conditions in the control groups which do not influence participant's outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Vaccaro
- Research Center for Brain Aging and Related Diseases, Golgi Cenci Foundation, Abbiategrasso, Italy
| | - Simona Abbondanza
- Research Center for Brain Aging and Related Diseases, Golgi Cenci Foundation, Abbiategrasso, Italy
| | - Elena Rolandi
- Research Center for Brain Aging and Related Diseases, Golgi Cenci Foundation, Abbiategrasso, Italy
| | - Georgia Casanova
- IRCCS- INRCA -National Institute of Health & Science on Ageing- Centre for Socio-Economic Research on Ageing, Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Pettinato
- Research Center for Brain Aging and Related Diseases, Golgi Cenci Foundation, Abbiategrasso, Italy
| | - Mauro Colombo
- Research Center for Brain Aging and Related Diseases, Golgi Cenci Foundation, Abbiategrasso, Italy
| | - Antonio Guaita
- Research Center for Brain Aging and Related Diseases, Golgi Cenci Foundation, Abbiategrasso, Italy
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Wister A, Fyffe I, O’Dea E. Technological interventions for loneliness and social isolation among older adults: a scoping review protocol. Syst Rev 2021; 10:217. [PMID: 34362447 PMCID: PMC8346339 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01775-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loneliness and social isolation are prevalent public health concerns among community-dwelling older adults. One approach that is becoming an increasingly popular method of reducing levels of loneliness and social isolation among older adults is through technology-driven solutions. This protocol outlines a research trajectory whereby a scoping review will be initiated in order to illustrate and map the existing technological approaches that have been utilized to diminish levels of loneliness and social isolation among community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years or older. We will address the question: what are the most common and less used technological approaches to reduce loneliness and social isolation among community-dwelling older adults? METHODS A scoping review of Academic Search Premier, AGEline, Global Health, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases will take place using our search terms including the following: loneliness, social isolation, older adults, elderly, Aged, Aged 80 and over, program, evaluation, trial, intervention, technology, computer, information and communication technology, internet, and robot. The initial electronic search will be supplemented by reviewing the reference lists and review articles to identify any missing studies. To meet study inclusion criteria, intervention studies had to pertain to community-dwelling adults aged 60 years or older, include technological interventions, include loneliness and/or social isolation as outcome variables, and be written in the English language. Two parallel independent assessments of study eligibility will be conducted for the title, abstract, and full-text screens. Any disagreement will be resolved by consensus and a third reviewer consulted to make a decision if consensus is not achieved initially. Finally, the amalgamation of results will be an iterative process whereby reviewers will refine the plan for presenting results after data extraction is completed so that all of the contents of the extraction may be included in the results. DISCUSSION The information gleaned in this scoping review will be essential to understand the degree to which technological interventions influence social isolation and loneliness among older adults and identify gaps for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Wister
- Gerontology Research Center, Simon Fraser University, 2800-515 West Hastings St, Vancouver, V6B 5K3 Canada
| | - Ian Fyffe
- Gerontology Research Center, Simon Fraser University, 2800-515 West Hastings St, Vancouver, V6B 5K3 Canada
| | - Eireann O’Dea
- Gerontology Research Center, Simon Fraser University, 2800-515 West Hastings St, Vancouver, V6B 5K3 Canada
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