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Diamond-Smith N, Logan R, Adler A, Gutierrez S, Marshall C, Kerns JL. Prenatal and postpartum care during the COVID-19 pandemic: An increase in barriers from early to mid-pandemic in the United States. Birth 2024; 51:450-458. [PMID: 38063250 DOI: 10.1111/birt.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic led to changes in the provision of pregnancy and postpartum care. The purpose of this study was to describe changes in access to prenatal and postpartum care over time, from early in the pandemic (July 2020) to mid-pandemic (January 2021) and to explore socioeconomic and COVID-19-related economic factors associated with experiencing barriers to care. METHODS We recruited two cross sections of women and birthing people in the US in July 2020 (N = 4645) and January 2021 (N = 3343) using Facebook and Instagram Ads. RESULTS Three out of four women in the prenatal period and four out of five women in the postpartum period reported barriers to scheduling a visit. The likelihood of not having a visit (OR = 4.44, 95% CI 2.67-7.40), being unable to schedule a visit (OR = 2.73, 95% CI 1.71-4.35), and not being offered visits (OR = 4.26, 95% CI 2.32-7.81) increased over time. Participants were more likely to report barriers attending scheduled prenatal or postpartum appointments over time (OR = 2.72, 95% CI 2.14-3.45). Women who experienced more economic impacts from COVID-19 were older, less educated, and were Black, Indigenous, or a person of color, and were more likely to have barriers to attending appointments. CONCLUSIONS Certain subgroups are more at risk during COVID-19, and around 9 months into the pandemic, women were not only still facing barriers to care, but these had been amplified. Additional research using other data sources is needed to identify and ameliorate barriers and inequalities in access to prenatal and postpartum care that appear to have persisted throughout the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Diamond-Smith
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rachel Logan
- Family and Community Medicine Department, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Aliza Adler
- Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sirena Gutierrez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Cassondra Marshall
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jennifer L Kerns
- Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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2
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Borg DJ, Haritopoulou-Sinanidou M, Gabrovska P, Tseng HW, Honeyman D, Schweitzer D, Rae KM. Barriers and facilitators for recruiting and retaining male participants into longitudinal health research: a systematic review. BMC Med Res Methodol 2024; 24:46. [PMID: 38389065 PMCID: PMC10882922 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-024-02163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successfully recruiting male participants to complete a healthcare related study is important for healthcare study completion and to advance our clinical knowledgebase. To date, most research studies have examined the barriers and facilitators of female participants in longitudinal healthcare-related studies with limited information available about the needs of males in longitudinal research. This systematic review examines the unique barriers and facilitators to male recruitment across longitudinal healthcare-related research studies. METHODS Following PRIMSA guidelines, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science databases were systematically searched using the terms recruitment and/or retention, facilitators and/or barriers and longitudinal studies from 1900 to 2023 which contained separate data on males aged 17-59 years. Health studies or interventions were defined longitudinal if they were greater than or equal to 12 weeks in duration with 3 separate data collection visits. RESULTS Twenty-four articles published from 1976-2023 met the criteria. One-third of the studies had a predominantly male sample and four studies recruited only male participants. Males appear disinterested towards participation in health research, however this lack of enthusiasm can be overcome by clear, non-directive communication, and studies that support the participants interests. Facilitating factors are diverse and may require substantial time from research teams. CONCLUSIONS Future research should focus on the specific impact of these factors across the spectrum of longitudinal health-related studies. Based on the findings of this systematic review, researchers from longitudinal health-related clinical trials are encouraged to consider male-specific recruitment strategies to ensure successful recruitment and retention in their studies. REGISTRATION This systemic review is registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42021254696).
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J Borg
- Pregnancy and Development Group, Mater Research - The University of Queensland, Aubigny Place, South Brisbane, 4101, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, 4006, Australia
| | | | - Pam Gabrovska
- Indigenous Health Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Aubigny Place, South Brisbane, 4101, Australia
| | - Hsu-Wen Tseng
- Stem Cell Biology Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - David Honeyman
- Library, University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Australia
| | - Daniel Schweitzer
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, 4006, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Mater Health, South Brisbane, 4101, Australia
| | - Kym M Rae
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, 4006, Australia.
- Indigenous Health Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Aubigny Place, South Brisbane, 4101, Australia.
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3
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Harrington KM, Quaden R, Steele L, Helmer DA, Hauser ER, Ahmed ST, Aslan M, Radhakrishnan K, Honerlaw J, Nguyen XMT, Muralidhar S, Concato J, Cho K, Gaziano JM, Whitbourne SB. The Million Veteran Program 1990-1991 Gulf War Era Survey: An Evaluation of Veteran Response, Characteristics, and Representativeness of the Gulf War Era Veteran Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:72. [PMID: 38248536 PMCID: PMC10815483 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
To address gaps in understanding the pathophysiology of Gulf War Illness (GWI), the VA Million Veteran Program (MVP) developed and implemented a survey to MVP enrollees who served in the U.S. military during the 1990-1991 Persian Gulf War (GW). Eligible Veterans were invited via mail to complete a survey assessing health conditions as well as GW-specific deployment characteristics and exposures. We evaluated the representativeness of this GW-era cohort relative to the broader population by comparing demographic, military, and health characteristics between respondents and non-respondents, as well as with all GW-era Veterans who have used Veterans Health Administration (VHA) services and the full population of U.S. GW-deployed Veterans. A total of 109,976 MVP GW-era Veterans were invited to participate and 45,270 (41%) returned a completed survey. Respondents were 84% male, 72% White, 8% Hispanic, with a mean age of 61.6 years (SD = 8.5). Respondents were more likely to be older, White, married, better educated, slightly healthier, and have higher socioeconomic status than non-respondents, but reported similar medical conditions and comparable health status. Although generally similar to all GW-era Veterans using VHA services and the full population of U.S. GW Veterans, respondents included higher proportions of women and military officers, and were slightly older. In conclusion, sample characteristics of the MVP GW-era cohort can be considered generally representative of the broader GW-era Veteran population. The sample represents the largest research cohort of GW-era Veterans established to date and provides a uniquely valuable resource for conducting in-depth studies to evaluate health conditions affecting 1990-1991 GW-era Veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M. Harrington
- Million Veteran Program (MVP) Coordinating Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; (R.Q.); (J.H.); (X.-M.T.N.); (K.C.); (J.M.G.); (S.B.W.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Rachel Quaden
- Million Veteran Program (MVP) Coordinating Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; (R.Q.); (J.H.); (X.-M.T.N.); (K.C.); (J.M.G.); (S.B.W.)
| | - Lea Steele
- Veterans Health Research Program, Yudofsky Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Drew A. Helmer
- Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (D.A.H.); (S.T.A.)
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elizabeth R. Hauser
- VA Cooperative Studies Program Epidemiology Center-Durham, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC 27705, USA;
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Sarah T. Ahmed
- Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (D.A.H.); (S.T.A.)
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mihaela Aslan
- Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; (M.A.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA;
| | - Krishnan Radhakrishnan
- Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; (M.A.)
- National Mental Health and Substance Use Policy Laboratory, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD 20857, USA
| | - Jacqueline Honerlaw
- Million Veteran Program (MVP) Coordinating Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; (R.Q.); (J.H.); (X.-M.T.N.); (K.C.); (J.M.G.); (S.B.W.)
| | - Xuan-Mai T. Nguyen
- Million Veteran Program (MVP) Coordinating Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; (R.Q.); (J.H.); (X.-M.T.N.); (K.C.); (J.M.G.); (S.B.W.)
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sumitra Muralidhar
- Office of Research and Development, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC 20420, USA;
| | - John Concato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA;
- Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Kelly Cho
- Million Veteran Program (MVP) Coordinating Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; (R.Q.); (J.H.); (X.-M.T.N.); (K.C.); (J.M.G.); (S.B.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - J. Michael Gaziano
- Million Veteran Program (MVP) Coordinating Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; (R.Q.); (J.H.); (X.-M.T.N.); (K.C.); (J.M.G.); (S.B.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stacey B. Whitbourne
- Million Veteran Program (MVP) Coordinating Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; (R.Q.); (J.H.); (X.-M.T.N.); (K.C.); (J.M.G.); (S.B.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Jayawardana D, Gannon B, Doust J, Mishra GD. Excess healthcare costs of psychological distress in young women: Evidence from linked national Medicare claims data. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2023; 32:715-734. [PMID: 36495290 PMCID: PMC10947058 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of mental health disorders in young adults is increasing, yet there is limited empirical evidence on its economic consequences. We contribute to the literature by estimating the healthcare costs of psychological distress using panel data of young women (aged 18-23 years with a 5-year follow-up) from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health and linked administrative data from Medicare Australia. Our empirical strategy is based on the classical two-part model of healthcare costs with individual specific fixed-effects. We complement our analysis with a test for selection on unobservables to address potential concerns of endogeneity. We find that young women with psychological distress have 15% higher annual healthcare costs (excluding hospital costs) than women with no psychological distress. A large proportion of these costs is driven by the use of antidepressants and the services of psychiatrists and psychologists. We further find that women with psychological distress have higher out-of-pocket costs on these mental health related services compared to non-mental health specific services. Additionally, we show that the effect of psychological distress on healthcare costs is highest during the first 6 months of onset, which gradually decreases afterwards. The findings justify the importance of policy initiatives towards early prevention and treatment of psychological distress, especially among young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danusha Jayawardana
- Centre for Health EconomicsMonash Business SchoolMonash UniversityCaulfield EastVictoriaAustralia
| | - Brenda Gannon
- School of Economics and Centre for the Business and Economics of HealthUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence on Women and Non‐Communicable Diseases (CRE WaND)School of Public HealthThe University of QueenslandHerstonQueenslandAustralia
| | - Jenny Doust
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence on Women and Non‐Communicable Diseases (CRE WaND)School of Public HealthThe University of QueenslandHerstonQueenslandAustralia
| | - Gita D. Mishra
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence on Women and Non‐Communicable Diseases (CRE WaND)School of Public HealthThe University of QueenslandHerstonQueenslandAustralia
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Wilson LF, Doust J, Mishra GD, Dobson AJ. Symptom patterns and health service use of women in early adulthood: a latent class analysis from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:147. [PMID: 36681787 PMCID: PMC9863188 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Symptoms can be strong drivers for initiating interaction with the health system, especially when they are frequent, severe or impact on daily activities. Research on symptoms often use counts of symptoms as a proxy for symptom burden, however simple counts don't provide information on whether groups of symptoms are likely to occur together or whether such groups are associated with different types and levels of healthcare use. Women have a higher symptom burden than men; however studies of symptom patterns in young women are lacking. We aimed to characterise subgroups of women in early adulthood who experienced different symptom patterns and to compare women's use of different types of health care across the different symptom subgroups. METHODS Survey and linked administrative data from 7 797 women aged 22-27 years in 2017 from the 1989-95 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health were analysed. A latent class analysis was conducted to identify subgroups of women based on the frequency of 16 symptom variables. To estimate the associations between the latent classes and health service use, we used the "Bolck, Croon and Hagenaars" (BCH) approach that takes account of classification error in the assignment of women to latent classes. RESULTS Four latent classes were identified, characterised by 1) low prevalence of most symptoms (36.6%), 2) high prevalence of menstrual symptoms but low prevalence of mood symptoms (21.9%), 3) high prevalence of mood symptoms but low prevalence of menstrual symptoms, (26.2%), and high prevalence of many symptoms (15.3%). Compared to the other three classes, women in the high prevalence of many symptoms class were more likely to visit general practitioners and specialists, use more medications, and more likely to have had a hospital admission. CONCLUSIONS Women in young adulthood experience substantially different symptom burdens. A sizeable proportion of women experience many co-occurring symptoms across both physical and psychological domains and this high symptom burden is associated with a high level of health service use. Further follow-up of the women in our study as they enter their late 20 s and early 30 s will allow us to examine the stability of the classes of symptoms and their associations with general health and health service use. Similar studies in other populations are needed to assess the generalisability of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise F Wilson
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.
| | - Jenny Doust
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Gita D Mishra
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Annette J Dobson
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
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Jong ST, Stevenson R, Winpenny EM, Corder K, van Sluijs EMF. Recruitment and retention into longitudinal health research from an adolescent perspective: a qualitative study. BMC Med Res Methodol 2023; 23:16. [PMID: 36647003 PMCID: PMC9841671 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-022-01802-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High quality longitudinal studies investigating changes in health behaviours over the transition into early adulthood are critical. However, recruiting and retaining adolescents is challenging. This study explored adolescents' perspectives of signing up to and continuing involvement in a hypothetical longitudinal health research study. METHODS Forty-eight individuals (15-20y) participated in nine in-person focus groups about recruitment and retention in research. Participants were (a) school students in the last year of compulsory school (Year 11, 15-16y), (b) school/college students in Sixth Form (Year 13, 17-18y), (c) Further Education students studying after secondary education, but not higher education (16-18y) and (d) young adults not in education, employment, or training (18-20y) across England. Thematic analysis resulted in seven themes. RESULTS Driving factors for sign-up included social connection e.g., joining with peer groups, personalised feedback, and incentives, primarily financial. Key barriers were lack of interest, the perception of commitment, and timing of recruitment. Young people preferred recruitment processes via social media with messages tailored to their motivations, monthly data collection of maximally 20-30 min, and hybrid data collection with some in-person contact with a consistent, non-judgemental researcher. The provision of autonomy, choice, and financial incentives were perceived to promote retention. CONCLUSIONS Adolescent recruitment and retention strategies need to align with contemporary interests and motivations. Studies should involve adolescents early to develop a planned, systematic approach to participant sign-up and follow-up. Effective and ineffective recruitment and retention strategies should be reported as part of study findings. Future research should trial how perceived barriers to study engagement can be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie T. Jong
- grid.470900.a0000 0004 0369 9638UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR) at the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 285, Cambridge, United Kingdom ,grid.8273.e0000 0001 1092 7967School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Stevenson
- grid.470900.a0000 0004 0369 9638UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR) at the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 285, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor M. Winpenny
- grid.470900.a0000 0004 0369 9638UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR) at the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 285, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsten Corder
- grid.470900.a0000 0004 0369 9638UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR) at the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 285, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Esther M. F. van Sluijs
- grid.470900.a0000 0004 0369 9638UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR) at the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 285, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Harris ML, Egan N, Forder PM, Bateson D, Sverdlov AL, Murphy VE, Loxton D. Patterns of contraceptive use among young Australian women with chronic disease: findings from a prospective cohort study. Reprod Health 2022; 19:111. [PMID: 35525995 PMCID: PMC9078003 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-022-01413-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given chronic disease is increasing among young women and unintended pregnancies among these women are associated with poor maternal and fetal outcomes, these women would benefit from effective preconception care. However, there is a lack of understanding of how these women use or don't use contraception to inform such interventions. This study examined patterns of contraceptive use among an Australian cohort of young women and investigated the influence of chronic disease on contraceptive use over time. METHODS Using data from 15,244 young women from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (born 1989-1995), latent transition analysis was performed to identify distinct contraceptive patterns among women who were at risk of an unintended pregnancy. Multinomial mixed-effect models were used to evaluate the relationship between contraceptive combinations and chronic disease. RESULTS Contraceptive use for women with cardiac and autoinflammatory diseases differed to women without chronic disease over the observation period. Compared to women without chronic disease using the pill, women with cardiac disease had double the odds of using 'other' contraception and condoms (OR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.34, 3.59) and a modest increase in the odds of using the combined oral contraceptive pill and condoms (OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.03, 1.89). Compared to women without chronic disease who used the pill, women with autoinflammatory disease had increased odds of using LARC and condoms (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.04, 2.41), using 'other' contraception and condoms (OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.11, 2.57), and using the combined oral contraceptive pill and condoms (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.09, 1.75). No differences in contraceptive patterns over the observation period were found for women with asthma or diabetes when compared to women without chronic disease. CONCLUSION The findings identified a need for effective contraceptive counselling as part of routine chronic disease care and improved communication between health care providers and women with chronic disease to improve young women's contraceptive knowledge and agency in contraceptive choice, particularly for those with cardiac or autoinflammatory conditions. This may be the key to reducing high-risk unintended pregnancies among this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L Harris
- Centre for Women's Health Research, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. .,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
| | - Nicholas Egan
- Centre for Women's Health Research, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Peta M Forder
- Centre for Women's Health Research, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Deborah Bateson
- Family Planning NSW, Ashfield, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Aaron L Sverdlov
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Cardiovascular Department, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Vanessa E Murphy
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Deborah Loxton
- Centre for Women's Health Research, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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8
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Diamond-Smith N, Logan R, Marshall C, Corbetta-Rastelli C, Gutierrez S, Adler A, Kerns J. COVID-19's impact on contraception experiences: Exacerbation of structural inequities in women's health. Contraception 2021; 104:600-605. [PMID: 34461136 PMCID: PMC8570759 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Structural inequities may impact the relationship between COVID-19 and access to contraception. METHODS In July 2020 and January 2021, we used social media to survey 2 samples of women of reproductive age who had not been surgically sterilized and were not currently pregnant about their experiences seeking contraception. We explore whether experiences differed for people experiencing social and/or economic disadvantage due to COVID-19, using multivariable logistic regression to control for age, education and income. RESULTS In July 2020, 51.5% of respondents who sought contraception (total N = 3064) reported barriers to care compared to 55.3% in January 2021 (total N = 2276). A larger percent (14% in July 2020 and 22% in Jan 2021) reported not using their preferred method of contraception due to COVID-19. Individuals experiencing income loss (OR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.27-2.04 early in the COVID-19 pandemic and OR = 1.58, 1.21-2.06 mid COVID-19 pandemic) and hunger (OR = 1.73, 1.24-2.40 early and OR = 2.02, 1.55-2.64 mid-COVID-19 pandemic) were more likely to report they would be using a different method if not for COVID-19, compared to respondents without income loss or hunger. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 has complicated access to contraception, especially for disadvantaged populations. IMPLICATIONS Efforts are needed to ensure access to contraception despite the COVID-19 epidemic, especially for disadvantaged populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Diamond-Smith
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, CA, United States,Corresponding author
| | - Rachel Logan
- The Equity Experience LLC, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Cassondra Marshall
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley and Adjunct Investigator, Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Chiara Corbetta-Rastelli
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sirena Gutierrez
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Aliza Adler
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer Kerns
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, San Francisco, CA, United States
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9
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Baxter GL, Tooth LR, Mishra GD. Psychological distress in young Australian women by area of residence: findings from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:390-396. [PMID: 34492432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between psychological distress and area of residence has been extensively discussed and debated. However, the focus has been largely on men and area of residence is often dichotomised to urban and rural. The aim of this study is to examine the association between psychological distress and area of residence in young Australian women using a broader geographical measure. METHODS Data were from 8961 women aged 19-26 in the 1989-95 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health in 2015. The association between area of residence (measured by the Modified Monash Model) and psychological distress (measured by the K10), adjusted for demographic factors, indicators of socioeconomic position and health behaviour characteristics, was analysed using logistic regression. RESULTS Women in regional centres had lower odds of high to very high psychological distress compared with women in metropolitan areas (adjusted odds ratio 0.73 (95% confidence interval 0.60-0.89)). Women living in large rural towns, medium rural towns and small rural towns/remote/very remote communities had similar levels of psychological distress as women living in metropolitan areas. LIMITATIONS ALSWH uses self-report questionnaires which may introduce potential self-report bias. The small sample size in areas outside of metropolitan areas resulted in the need to collapse small rural towns, remote communities and very remote communities into one category. CONCLUSIONS The subtle regional differences in levels of psychological distress in young women in Australia highlights the importance of the link between health and where people live and suggests further work is required to understand the regional differences and encourage location specific mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace L Baxter
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Leigh R Tooth
- Principal Research Fellow, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Gita D Mishra
- NHMRC Principal Research Fellow, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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10
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Ellington M, Connelly J, Clayton P, Lorenzo CY, Collazo-Velazquez C, Trak-Fellermeier MA, Palacios C. Use of Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter for recruiting healthy participants in nutrition-, physical activity-, or obesity-related studies: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 115:514-533. [PMID: 34669955 PMCID: PMC8827067 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are limited systematic reviews exploring the use of social media for recruiting participants specifically for nutrition-, physical activity-, and obesity-related studies. OBJECTIVES The aim was to conduct a systematic review on the effectiveness of using social media (Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter) for recruiting healthy participants in nutrition-, physical activity-, or obesity-related studies. METHODS Studies were identified from 5 databases and included if they reported the number of participants recruited by social media (Facebook, Instagram, or Twitter) vs. traditional (print, e-mail, etc.). The effectiveness of recruitment was compared between methods by study procedures (in-person vs. online procedures). The cost-effectiveness of methods was also explored. The protocol was published in the Prospero database (ID# CRD42020204414). RESULTS Twenty-six studies were included. Among studies with both types of recruitment methods, 49% of the sample was reached through traditional methods, 40% through social media, and the rest by other methods. For in-person study procedures, the median number of participants recruited using social media was 19 (range: 3-278) and for online study procedures, it was 298 (range: 3-17,069). Median recruitment cost using social media (n = 14 studies) was $11.90 (range: $0-517) per participant, while this varied considerably for traditional methods depending on how it was calculated ($214, $18.9-$777). The ratio of participants reached vs. recruited was 0.12%; the overall ratio of participants interactions vs. recruited was 21.2%. CONCLUSIONS For in-person study procedures, traditional recruitment methods were more effective than social media, but for online study procedures, about half reported that social media was more effective. While more potential participants were reached through social media, only 21.2% of those who interacted with ads were enrolled. With the increased use of social media, their use for recruitment may be more frequent; therefore, future reviews may show different results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Ellington
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jeneene Connelly
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Priscilla Clayton
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - C Yaisli Lorenzo
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Christina Collazo-Velazquez
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - María Angélica Trak-Fellermeier
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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11
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Benoit L, Cambra C, Rouzier R, Cottu P, Rodrigues M, Reyal F, Research Network S, Bonneau C. Quality of Life in an e-Cohort of Women Treated by Endocrine Therapy for Early Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2021; 22:e352-e361. [PMID: 34756686 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to analyze quality of life (QOL) in an e-cohort of patients treated for breast cancer (BC) by endocrine therapy (ET), by means of validated quality of life questionnaires. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING A retrospective, observational, e-cohort study was conducted (Seintinelles platform). Female patients treated for nonmetastatic and nonrecurrent BC, treated in France after 2005, filled in online questionnaires concerning: QOL (QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23), tolerability of treatment and demographic characteristics. A multivariate analysis including variables significant on univariate analysis (P < .05) to select QOL predictors was performed. RESULTS We included 1,198 patients, 1140 of whom declared that they were taking ET (37.7% tamoxifen, 17.1% aromatase inhibitor (AI), 5.6% LHRH-agonist and 39.6% sequential tamoxifen and AI). Different tolerability profiles were observed when comparing the tamoxifen and AI groups. Treatment adherence was similar in the 2 groups. QOL varied slightly according to the type of ET. On multivariate analysis, ET had no impact on QOL. However, individual patient characteristics (socioeconomic, education and age) were significantly associated with QOL CONCLUSION: Using a real-life study questionnaire on a large e-cohort, individual patient characteristics were strongly associated with deterioration of QOL. The use of e-cohorts must be encouraged to modulate the conclusions of randomized trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Benoit
- Institut Curie, Saint Cloud, Surgical Oncology Department, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France.
| | - Carine Cambra
- Institut Curie, Saint Cloud, Surgical Oncology Department, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Roman Rouzier
- Institut Curie, Saint Cloud, Surgical Oncology Department, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France; Versailles St Quentin University, Paris-Saclay University, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Paul Cottu
- Institut Curie, Paris, Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Manuel Rodrigues
- Institut Curie, Paris, Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Fabien Reyal
- Institut Curie Paris, Department of Surgery, Institut Curie, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; Residual Tumor and Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Claire Bonneau
- Institut Curie, Saint Cloud, Surgical Oncology Department, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France; Versailles St Quentin University, Paris-Saclay University, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
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12
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Cao S, Jones M, Tooth L, Mishra GD. Association between preconception cannabis use and risk of postpartum depression: Findings from an Australian longitudinal cohort. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 226:108860. [PMID: 34198130 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Evidence suggests a positive association between cannabis use and depression however whether preconception cannabis use is associated with postpartum depression (PPD) remains unknown. This study examined the association using a longitudinal design. METHODS Participants were from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (cohort born in 1989-95), a sample broadly representative of similarly aged Australian women. The association of past year cannabis use at 3-15 months prior to pregnancy with PPD at ages 19-24 to 22-27 was examined in 516 women with 570 singleton live births. The associations of chronicity, recency, and initiation of cannabis use before pregnancy with PPD at ages 21-26 to 24-29 were investigated in 538 women with 590 singleton live births. PPD was ascertained from self-report of doctor diagnosis for each birth. Relative risk (RR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) were used to calculate the associations of interest. RESULTS Compared with no cannabis use, any past-year cannabis use at 3-15 months before pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk of PPD (1.50, 0.99-2.28). Compared with no cannabis use in the first three annual surveys before pregnancy, chronic use (a past year user in ≥ 2 surveys) was associated with an 80 % higher risk of incident PPD for births in the following 1-4 years (1.80, 1.22-2.68). Compared to never users at ages 20-25, former users who had no use within the past year had no increased risk; past year users had 73 % higher risk (1.73, 1.07-2.81); and past year users who initiated cannabis use at or after age 18 had twice the risk of incident PPD for births in the following 1-4 years (2.02, 1.17-3.49). CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that preconception cannabis use is associated with increased risk of PPD. More studies are warranted to confirm this finding before cannabis cessation policies can be reinforced on reducing the risk of PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifan Cao
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Mark Jones
- Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Leigh Tooth
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gita Devi Mishra
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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13
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Increased chronic disease prevalence among the younger generation: Findings from a population-based data linkage study to inform chronic disease ascertainment among reproductive-aged Australian women. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254668. [PMID: 34407075 PMCID: PMC8372972 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic disease represents an ongoing public health challenge in Australia with women disproportionately affected and at younger ages compared to men. Accurate prevalence and ascertainment of chronic disease among women of reproductive age at the population level is essential for meeting the family planning and reproductive health challenges that chronic diseases pose. This study estimated the prevalence of chronic disease among younger Australian women of reproductive age, in order to ascertain key conditions that would benefit from targeted family planning support strategies. METHODS AND FINDINGS Population-level survey data from the 1973-78 and 1989-95 cohorts of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health were linked to health service use, pharmaceutical, cancer and cause of death data to ascertain the prevalence and chronic disease trends for ten chronic health conditions associated with poor maternal and foetal outcomes. Individual chronic disease algorithms were developed for each chronic disease of interest using the available linked datasets. Lifetime prevalence of chronic disease varied substantially based on each individual data source for each of the conditions of interest. When all data sources were considered, all conditions with the exception of mental health conditions were higher among women in the 1973-78 cohort. However, when focused on point prevalence at similar ages (approximately 25-30 years), the chronic disease trend for women in the 1989-95 cohort was substantially higher, particularly for mental health conditions (70.4% vs 23.6%), diabetes (4.5% vs 1.3%) and multimorbidity (17.9% vs 9.1%). CONCLUSIONS Given the low concordance between individual data sources, the use of multiple data sources are recommended for chronic disease research focused on women of reproductive age. In order to reduce the increasing chronic disease and multimorbidity trend among women, strategic chronic disease interventions are required to be implemented in childhood and adolescence to ensure the long-term health of not only current but also future generations.
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14
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Harfield S, Elliott S, Ramsey L, Housen T, Ward J. Using social networking sites to recruit participants: methods of an online survey of sexual health, knowledge and behaviour of young South Australians. Aust N Z J Public Health 2021; 45:348-354. [PMID: 34097339 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.13117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the methods of recruitment and demographic results of an online sexual health survey using social networking sites (SNS) to recruit people aged 16-29 years in the state of South Australia (SA) during 2019. METHODS A crosssectional online survey titled 'Let's Talk About It' using SNS (Facebook and Instagram) was administered between July and August 2019, targeting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Indigenous young people. The survey comprised questions on demographics information, sexual health knowledge, behaviours and healthcare access. RESULTS During the data collection period, the study team closely monitored the demographics of participants and adjusted SNS messaging through paid advertising to increase the recruitment of under-represented population groups, especially Aboriginal people, males and regional and remote residents of SA. A total of 2,724 people accessed the survey predominately via Facebook during a six-week period between July and August 2019; 2,380 people were eligible and included in the analysis. Conclusions and implications for public health: Even though SNS have been used previously in recruitment for sexual health issues, small adjustments to the study during recruitment were specifically made to include under-represented populations in the final study. Using SNS is an effective method for recruiting survey participants; during recruitment phases, additional strategies may be required to be inclusive of diverse and under-represented populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Harfield
- Wardliparingga Aboriginal Health Equity, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, South Australia.,National Centre for Epidemiology & Population Health, The Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory
| | - Salenna Elliott
- Wardliparingga Aboriginal Health Equity, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, South Australia
| | - Liam Ramsey
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia
| | - Tambri Housen
- National Centre for Epidemiology & Population Health, The Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory
| | - James Ward
- Wardliparingga Aboriginal Health Equity, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, South Australia.,School of Public Health, The University of Queensland.,UQ Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Queensland
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15
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Loxton D, Forder PM, Cavenagh D, Townsend N, Holliday E, Chojenta C, Melka AS. The impact of adverse childhood experiences on the health and health behaviors of young Australian women. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 111:104771. [PMID: 33160649 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences have been linked to poor health and adverse health behavior in adulthood. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences among young Australian women (aged 20-25) and examine associations between adverse childhood experiences and adult health behaviors and physical and mental health. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTINGS Data were from the 1989-95 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, who completed the Adverse Childhood Experiences Scale at Survey 3 in 2015 (N = 8609). METHODS Outcomes included: self-rated health, sexual health, psychological distress, depression, anxiety, suicide ideation, self-harm, substance abuse (drinking, smoking, illicit drugs), severe obesity, and exercise. Prevalence of childhood adversities were presented, with the association between childhood adversity and outcomes evaluated using log-binomial multivariable regressions (99% CI). RESULTS While 59% of women reported experiencing at least one childhood adversity, 10% of participants reported adverse childhood experiences across four or more categories, indicating a significant burden of risk for young Australian women. Women reporting four or more categories had higher rates of poor physical health (adjPR = 1.79, 99% CI = 1.51-2.12), sexually transmitted infections (adjPR = 1.36, 99% CI = 1.11-1.67), and poor mental health (adjPR = 2.78, 99% CI = 2.34-3.32), and increased rates of severe obesity (adjPR = 2.14, 99% CI = 1.61-2.86) and smoking (adjPR = 2.23, 99% CI = 1.89-2.64). CONCLUSION Using nationally representative data, this study shows adverse childhood experiences directly impact physical and mental health, and health behaviors in adulthood among young Australian women. The management of health and wellbeing in adulthood should look beyond the contemporaneous factors, incorporating a focus on how childhood adversity may negatively influence health behavior, health and wellbeing in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Loxton
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW, Australia.
| | - Peta M Forder
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW, Australia
| | - Dominic Cavenagh
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW, Australia
| | - Natalie Townsend
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Holliday
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW, Australia
| | - Catherine Chojenta
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW, Australia
| | - Alemu Sufa Melka
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW, Australia
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16
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Melka A, Chojenta C, Holliday E, Loxton D. E-cigarette use and cigarette smoking initiation among Australian women who have never smoked. Drug Alcohol Rev 2021; 40:68-77. [PMID: 32750198 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM Evidence regarding the association between e-cigarette use and subsequent initiation of smoking mostly relates to the US population. In Australia, no studies are available investigating the association between the uses of e-cigarettes and smoking initiation among young adults who have never smoked. This study aimed to determine the association between lifetime e-cigarette use and subsequent initiation of cigarette smoking among tobacco-naïve Australian women aged 20-27. DESIGN AND METHODS The current study used data (n = 5398) from the third (2015) and fourth (2016) surveys collected from a cohort of Australian women born in 1989-1995 who participated in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the association between lifetime e-cigarette use at the baseline survey and initiation of cigarette smoking (smoked 100 cigarettes or more in the last year) at the follow up adjusting for possible confounders. Effects were expressed as odds ratios with 95% confidence interval. RESULTS The mean (± SD) age of the study participants at baseline (third survey) was 22.5 (±1.7). Ever e-cigarette use at baseline was positively associated with smoking initiation at follow up (adjusted odds ratio 3.71; 95% confidence interval 2.33, 5.93). History of depression, binge drinking and higher childhood adversity score were also risk factors for subsequent smoking initiation in the follow up. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This study identified a strong association between e-cigarette use and subsequent initiation of smoking. Enforcing the existing restriction of sale and supply of e-liquid containing nicotine is essential to prevent never smokers from nicotine addiction via e-cigarettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alemu Melka
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Catherine Chojenta
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Holliday
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Deborah Loxton
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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17
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Lucke J, Johnstone M. "It's Been a Bit of a Rollercoaster": Australian Women's Difficulties and Coping Strategies. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2021; 42:46-56. [PMID: 32643481 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2020.1770386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Women's coping strategies may be affected by many factors, including their health and wellbeing, their social roles, and the broader environment. While the coping strategies of vulnerable women have been studied, little qualitative research has focussed on how women from the general population cope with their difficulties. The aim of this paper is to explore difficulties and coping strategies among Australian women. Women's perspectives on their ways of coping with the difficulties they had faced in their lives were thematically analysed from semi-structured telephone interviews with 36 women purposively sampled from over 7,000 women from the 1973-78 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Difficulties were identified with health, relationships, finances, and work/study. Coping strategies included using resources, support from others, lifestyle strategies, and cognitive strategies. It is helpful for psychiatric mental health nurses and other health professionals to understand women's coping strategies in order to better support women experiencing difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayne Lucke
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Melissa Johnstone
- Department of Educational Studies, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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18
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Brown WJ, Flores TR, Keating SE, Mielke GI. Trajectories and determinants of weight gain in two cohorts of young adult women born 16 years apart. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:1553-1564. [PMID: 33941842 PMCID: PMC8090508 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00819-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims were to compare: (1) baseline weights and weight gain trajectories; (2) sociodemographic, behavioural and health characteristics driving weight gain; and (3) estimated average weight in 20 years' time, in two cohorts of young women. METHODS Data were from 16066 participants in two population-based cohorts of young adult women, born in 1973-78 ("GenX") and 1989-95 ("millennials"). Weight was reported at baseline (age 18-23 in both cohorts) and 4 years later. High weight gain was defined as >2.5% per year. Data were analysed in 2020. RESULTS Women born in 1989-95 were almost 4 kg heavier at age 18-23 and gained weight over 4 years 1.7 times faster than those born in 1973-78. Prevalence of high weight gain was 34.2% in the 1989-95 cohort and 24% in the 1973-78 cohort. In both cohorts, older age, higher education and high physical activity were associated with lower odds of high weight gain, and more hours in paid work, poorer self-rated health and higher baseline BMI were associated with higher odds of high weight gain. Five factors (outer regional areas, one child, ex or current smoker, high stress and depression) were determinants of high weight gain in the 1989-95 cohort, but not in the 1973-78 cohort. Based on average weight at age 21 and annual percentage weight gain, we estimate that women born in 1989-95 will, on average, be 16.7 kg heavier at age 41 (93.2 kg), than women in the 1973-78 cohort (76.5 kg). CONCLUSION High weight gain was evident in every sociodemographic group in both cohorts but most evident in millennial women with high levels of stress and depression. Without effective weight gain prevention strategies we estimate that more than 50% of the millennial women will be in the obese BMI category in 20 years. This will have serious economic, health and societal consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy J. Brown
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Thaynã R. Flores
- grid.411221.50000 0001 2134 6519Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Shelley E. Keating
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Gregore I. Mielke
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
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19
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Thong EP, Milat F, Joham AE, Mishra GD, Teede H. Obesity, menstrual irregularity and polycystic ovary syndrome in young women with type 1 diabetes: A population-based study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2020; 93:564-571. [PMID: 32640055 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with reproductive dysfunction, particularly in the setting of poor metabolic control. Improvements in contemporary management ameliorate these problems, albeit at the cost of increased exogenous insulin and rising obesity, with emerging reproductive implications. OBJECTIVE To evaluate changes in body mass index (BMI) and the relationship between obesity, menstrual irregularity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in young women with T1D, compared with controls. METHODS Longitudinal observational study using data from the Australian Longitudinal Study in Women's Health of the cohort born in 1989-95, from 2013 to 2015. Three questionnaires administered at baseline and yearly intervals were used to evaluate self-reported menstrual irregularity, PCOS and BMI. RESULTS Overall, 15 926 women were included at baseline (T1D, n = 115; controls, n = 15 811). 61 women with T1D and 8332 controls remained at Year 2. Median BMI was higher in women with type 1 diabetes (25.5 vs 22.9 kg/m2 , P < .001), where over half were overweight or obese (54.4% vs 32.9%, P < .001). Median BMI increased by 1.11 and 0.45 kg/m2 , in the T1D and control groups, respectively. T1D was independently associated with an increased risk of menstrual irregularity (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.02-1.46) and PCOS (RR 2.41, 95% CI 1.70-3.42). Obesity conferred a 4-fold increased risk of PCOS, compared to those with normal BMI (RR 3.93, 95% CI 3.51-4.42). CONCLUSIONS Obesity is prevalent amongst women with T1D and may be a key contributor to the higher risk of menstrual irregularity and PCOS in this cohort, representing an important opportunity for prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor P Thong
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
- Departments of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Monash Health, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Frances Milat
- Departments of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Monash Health, Clayton, Vic., Australia
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Anju E Joham
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
- Departments of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Monash Health, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Gita D Mishra
- Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Research, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
| | - Helena Teede
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
- Departments of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Monash Health, Clayton, Vic., Australia
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Anderson AE, Cavenagh D, Forder P, Loxton D, Byles J. Alcohol-related risk from pre-loading and heavy episodic drinking (HED) among a cohort of young Australian women: a cross-sectional analysis. Aust N Z J Public Health 2020; 44:382-389. [PMID: 32776670 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.13018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To cross-sectionally examine heavy episodic drinking (HED) and pre-loading with alcohol among young Australian women in relation to the alcohol-induced adverse outcomes of memory loss, vomiting and injury. METHODS A total of 7,800 participants, aged 20-25 years, from the 1989-95 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health answered all questions on alcohol use, reported drinking alcohol in the previous year and were not pregnant at the third survey in 2015. Log-binomial models were used to estimate prevalence ratios for adverse outcomes associated with increased frequency of HED and pre-loading. RESULTS The majority of participants reported HED (83.4%) and/or pre-loading (65.6%), which had a moderate correlation (r=0.646). Just over half (55.2%) of participants experienced at least one adverse event, with vomiting being most common. As the frequency of HED or pre-loading increased, so did the risk of an adverse outcome. CONCLUSIONS Both HED and pre-loading pose a risk to young Australian women, and that risk rises with increased frequency. Implications for public health: Although HED has been a target of public health policy and interventions, pre-loading has received limited attention. In addition to addressing HED, there is a need to consider the risk posed by pre-loading, a related, yet unique risky drinking behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Anderson
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales
| | - Dominic Cavenagh
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales
| | - Peta Forder
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales
| | - Deborah Loxton
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales
| | - Julie Byles
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales
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21
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Moss KM, Reilly N, Dobson AJ, Loxton D, Tooth L, Mishra GD. How rates of perinatal mental health screening in Australia have changed over time and which women are missing out. Aust N Z J Public Health 2020; 44:301-306. [PMID: 32510784 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report rates of perinatal mental health screening from 2000 to 2017 and investigate factors associated with not being screened both antenatally and postnatally more recently (2013-2017). METHODS A longitudinal community-based study of self-reported perinatal mental health screening with a national sample of 7,566 mothers from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health reporting on 9,384 children. The main outcome measure was whether mothers were asked about their emotional wellbeing by a health professional, including completing a questionnaire. RESULTS From 2000 to 2017, the percentage of women not screened decreased from 40.6% to 1.7%. The percentage of women screened both antenatally and postnatally increased from 21.3% to 79.3%. From 2013 to 2017, women who were older (aOR, 0.65; 95%CI, 0.52-0.81) or had reported emotional distress (aOR, 0.77; 95%CI, 0.60-0.99) were less likely to have been screened both antenatally and postnatally. CONCLUSIONS Despite improvements, perinatal mental health screening is not yet universal. One-in-five women are not screened both antenatally and postnatally, including women in high-risk populations such as those who have reported emotional distress. Implications for public health: Women are in regular contact with health professionals in the perinatal period. This opportunity to detect women at risk of perinatal mental health issues is too important to be missed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina M Moss
- Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Research, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland
| | - Nicole Reilly
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, New South Wales.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, New South Wales
| | - Annette J Dobson
- Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Research, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland
| | - Deborah Loxton
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, New South Wales
| | - Leigh Tooth
- Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Research, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland
| | - Gita D Mishra
- Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Research, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland
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22
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Forder PM, Rich J, Harris S, Chojenta C, Reilly N, Austin MP, Loxton D. Honesty and comfort levels in mothers when screened for perinatal depression and anxiety. Women Birth 2020; 33:e142-e150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Copp T, Cvejic E, McCaffery K, Hersch J, Doust J, Mol BW, Dokras A, Mishra G, Jansen J. Impact of a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome on diet, physical activity and contraceptive use in young women: findings from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women’s Health. Hum Reprod 2020; 35:394-403. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION
Do diet, physical activity and contraceptive use change after receiving a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?
SUMMARY ANSWER
Using longitudinal data 12 months apart, young women newly diagnosed with PCOS were more likely to stop using contraception but did not change their physical activity or vegetable intake.
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
Diagnostic criteria for PCOS have widened to capture more women, despite limited evidence of the benefits and harms. Possible benefits of a PCOS diagnosis are that it may help women with family planning and motivate them to implement healthy lifestyle changes to reduce the reproductive, metabolic and cardiovascular risks associated with PCOS. However, there are no empirical studies investigating how women respond to a diagnosis of PCOS with respect to their health behaviour, and longitudinal population-based studies are lacking.
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
This is a longitudinal analysis of two waves of data collected 12 months apart from the cohort born 1989–1995 in the Australian Longitudinal Survey on Women’s Health, a population-based cohort study. Women in this cohort were first surveyed in 2012-2013, aged 18-23 years.
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
Women who responded to the 2014 survey (aged 19–24, n = 11 344) and 2015 survey (aged 20–25, n = 8961) were included. Using logistic regression, multinomial logistic regression and linear regression, change in vegetable intake, physical activity and contraceptive use were compared for women newly diagnosed with PCOS to women not reporting a diagnosis of PCOS. Changes in psychological distress and BMI were also examined.
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
Young women reporting a new diagnosis of PCOS were no more likely to increase their vegetable intake or physical activity than women not reporting a PCOS diagnosis. Women newly diagnosed with PCOS were 3.4 times more likely to stop using contraception during the 12-month study period than women without PCOS (14% versus 4%, 95% CI = 2.3 to 5.1, P < 0.001). This difference remained significant after controlling for demographics, chronic conditions associated with PCOS, endometriosis, BMI and psychological distress (P < 0.001).
LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION
All data was self-reported including PCOS diagnosis, assessment of diet quality was limited to vegetable intake only. The exact timing of diagnosis within the 12-month period and whether the women intended to conceive are unknown. The number of women reporting a new diagnosis of PCOS was also relatively small.
WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
These findings suggest that a diagnosis of PCOS may not produce short-term benefits by way of improving health behaviour. The observed reduction in contraception use suggests some women may be at increased risk of unplanned pregnancies, highlighting the importance of counselling about contraceptive needs. Both potential benefits and harms must be considered when determining the appropriateness of a PCOS diagnosis.
STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING interest(s)
The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health is funded by the Australian Government Department of Health. BWM reports consultancy for ObsEva, Merck, Merck KGaA and Guerbet. No further competing interests exist.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
N/A
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Copp
- Wiser Healthcare, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Health Literacy Lab, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Erin Cvejic
- Wiser Healthcare, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Health Literacy Lab, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Kirsten McCaffery
- Wiser Healthcare, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Health Literacy Lab, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jolyn Hersch
- Wiser Healthcare, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Health Literacy Lab, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jenny Doust
- Wiser Healthcare, Centre for Research in Evidence-Based Practice, Bond University, Robina, 4226, Australia
| | - Ben W Mol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Anuja Dokras
- Penn PCOS Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, USA
| | - Gita Mishra
- School of Public health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Jesse Jansen
- Wiser Healthcare, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Health Literacy Lab, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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24
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Adverse childhood experiences and electronic cigarette use among young Australian women. Prev Med 2019; 126:105759. [PMID: 31251947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Researchers have identified positive relationships between childhood adversities and smoking, problem drinking and illicit drug abuse. Nonetheless, to our knowledge, in no studies has there been an examination of the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and e-cigarette use. This study aimed to investigate the association between ACEs and e-cigarette use. Data from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health were used. Study respondents (N = 8915) from the 1989-95 cohort (third wave) aged 19-26 years completed an online survey in 2015. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between ACEs and e-cigarette use, adjusted for socio-demographic variables and smoking status. Participants who reported past year e-cigarette use were more likely to report childhood psychological abuse (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.45, 99%CI: 1.11, 1.90), physical abuse (AOR = 1.30, 99%CI, 1.03, 1.82), or sexual abuse (AOR = 1.41, 99%CI, 1.02, 1.95), All abuse types associated with past year e-cigarette use were also associated with ever e-cigarette use. Ever e-cigarette use was also associated with household substance abuse (AOR = 1.35, 99%CI, 1.08, 1.68), witnessing domestic violence (AOR = 1.28, 99%CI, 1.01, 1.69), or having a mentally ill household member (AOR = 1.28, 99%CI, 1.05, 1.58) compared with those who were not. A positive dose-response relationship was observed between the number of ACEs and the odds of e-cigarette use. This study identified an association between ACEs and e-cigarette use. Improvements in supportive parenting skills and the provision of counselling services for those exposed to ACEs may help avert health-harming behaviours, including e-cigarette use.
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Tay CT, Teede HJ, Hill B, Loxton D, Joham AE. Increased prevalence of eating disorders, low self-esteem, and psychological distress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a community-based cohort study. Fertil Steril 2019; 112:353-361. [PMID: 31056307 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of eating disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) compared with women without PCOS and examine the relationship between PCOS, body mass index, self-esteem, and psychological distress scores. DESIGN Cross-sectional, community-based study. SETTING Not applicable. PATIENT(S) A total of 8,467 participants born between 1989 and 1995 in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health with self-reported PCOS status (PCOS n = 875 vs. non-PCOS n = 7,592). INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES(S) Self-reported eating disorders, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Kessler psychological distress scale. RESULT(S) Compared with women not reporting PCOS, women reporting PCOS had higher prevalence of eating disorders (11.0% vs. 7.6%), low self-esteem (31.7% vs. 24.2%), and psychological distress (severe psychological distress: 21.0% vs. 13.5%). After adjusting for confounders, women reporting PCOS were more likely to report eating disorders (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-2.0). Low self-esteem and psychological distress were highly correlated and further increased the odds of eating disorders in women reporting PCOS. Polycystic ovary syndrome was significantly associated with low self-esteem and psychological distress but not after adjusting for confounders. Obesity was associated with low self-esteem (adjusted OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2-1.8) and psychological distress (adjusted OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0-1.4) but not eating disorders. Underweight women had increased odds for eating disorders (adjusted OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.8-3.4). CONCLUSION(S) Women with PCOS are more likely to report low self-esteem, psychological distress, and eating disorders. Low self-esteem and psychological distress are highly correlated and further increased the risk for eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chau T Tay
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helena J Teede
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Briony Hill
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Deborah Loxton
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anju E Joham
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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26
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Loxton D, Harris ML, Forder P, Powers J, Townsend N, Byles J, Mishra G. Factors Influencing Web-Based Survey Response for a Longitudinal Cohort of Young Women Born Between 1989 and 1995. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e11286. [PMID: 30907739 PMCID: PMC6452283 DOI: 10.2196/11286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With health research practices shifting toward rapid recruitment of samples through the use of online approaches, little is known about the impact of these recruitment methods on continued participation in cohort studies. Objective This study aimed to report on the retention of a cohort of young women who were recruited using an open recruitment strategy. Methods Women from the 1989-95 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health, recruited in 2012 and 2013 were followed up annually via Web-based surveys in 2014, 2015, and 2016. Prevalence ratios for survey response were calculated using log-binomial models with generalized estimating equations including demographic, health-related, and recruitment method characteristics examined as explanatory factors. Results Of the 17,012 women who completed the baseline survey (Survey 1) in 2012 to 2013, approximately two-thirds completed Survey 2 (2014), and just over half completed Surveys 3 (2015) and 4 (2016). Women demonstrated transient patterns of responding with 38.21% (6501/17,012) of women completing all 4 surveys. Although retention of young women was associated with older age, higher education, higher self-rated health status, and low engagement with adverse health behaviors, the method of recruitment was a key determinant of study participation in the multivariate model. Although women were more likely to be recruited into the cohort via social media (eg, Facebook), retention over time was higher for women recruited through traditional media and referral approaches. Conclusions A balance must be obtained between achieving representativeness, achieving rapid cohort recruitment, and mitigating the pitfalls of attrition based on recruitment method in the new era of cohort studies, where traditional recruitment methods are no longer exclusively viable options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Loxton
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Melissa L Harris
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Peta Forder
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Jennifer Powers
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Natalie Townsend
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Julie Byles
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Gita Mishra
- Institute for Social Science Research, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
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27
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Peel R, Ren S, Hure A, Evans TJ, D'Este CA, Abhayaratna WP, Tonkin AM, Hopper I, Thrift AG, Levi CR, Sturm J, Durrheim D, Hung J, Briffa TG, Chew DP, Anderson P, Moon L, McEvoy M, Hansbro PM, Newby DA, Attia JR. Evaluating recruitment strategies for AUSPICE, a large Australian community-based randomised controlled trial. Med J Aust 2019; 210:409-415. [PMID: 30907001 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.50117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the effectiveness of different strategies for recruiting participants for a large Australian randomised controlled trial (RCT), the Australian Study for the Prevention through Immunisation of Cardiovascular Events (AUSPICE). DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS Men and women aged 55-60 years with at least two cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, overweight/obesity) were recruited for a multicentre placebo-controlled RCT assessing the effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (23vPPV) for preventing cardiovascular events. METHODS Invitations were mailed by the Australian Department of Human Services to people in the Medicare database aged 55-60 years; reminders were sent 2 weeks later. Invitees could respond in hard copy or electronically. Direct recruitment was supplemented by asking invitees to extend the invitation to friends and family (snowball sampling) and by Facebook advertising. MAIN OUTCOME Proportions of invitees completing screening questionnaire and recruited for participation in the RCT. RESULTS 21 526 of 154 992 invited people (14%) responded by completing the screening questionnaire, of whom 4725 people were eligible and recruited for the study. Despite the minimal study burden (one questionnaire, one clinic visit), the overall participation rate was 3%, or an estimated 10% of eligible persons. Only 16% of eventual participants had responded within 2 weeks of the initial invitation letter (early responders); early and late responders did not differ in their demographic or medical characteristics. Socio-economic disadvantage did not markedly influence response rates. Facebook advertising and snowball sampling did not increase recruitment. CONCLUSIONS Trial participation rates are low, and multiple concurrent methods are needed to maximise recruitment. Social media strategies may not be successful in older age groups. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12615000536561.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shu Ren
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW
| | | | | | - Catherine A D'Este
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joseph Hung
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA.,University of Western Australia, Perth, WA
| | | | | | - Phil Anderson
- Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Canberra, ACT
| | - Lynelle Moon
- Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Canberra, ACT
| | | | - Philip M Hansbro
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW.,Centenary UTS Centre for Inflammation, Sydney, NSW
| | | | - John R Attia
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW.,Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW
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28
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Gaupp-Berghausen M, Raser E, Anaya-Boig E, Avila-Palencia I, de Nazelle A, Dons E, Franzen H, Gerike R, Götschi T, Iacorossi F, Hössinger R, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Rojas-Rueda D, Sanchez J, Smeds E, Deforth M, Standaert A, Stigell E, Cole-Hunter T, Int Panis L. Evaluation of Different Recruitment Methods: Longitudinal, Web-Based, Pan-European Physical Activity Through Sustainable Transport Approaches (PASTA) Project. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e11492. [PMID: 31066715 PMCID: PMC6533046 DOI: 10.2196/11492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sufficient sample size and minimal sample bias are core requirements for empirical data analyses. Combining opportunistic recruitment with a Web-based survey and data-collection platform yields new benefits over traditional recruitment approaches. Objective This paper aims to report the success of different recruitment methods and obtain data on participants’ characteristics, participation behavior, recruitment rates, and representativeness of the sample. Methods A longitudinal, Web-based survey was implemented as part of the European PASTA (Physical Activity through Sustainable Transport Approaches) project, between November 2014 and December 2016. During this period, participants were recruited from 7 European cities on a rolling basis. A standardized guide on recruitment strategy was developed for all cities, to reach a sufficient number of adult participants. To make use of the strengths and minimize weakness, a combination of different opportunistic recruitment methods was applied. In addition, the random sampling approach was applied in the city of Örebro. To reduce the attrition rate and improve real-time monitoring, the Web-based platform featured a participant’s and a researchers’ user interface and dashboard. Results Overall, 10,691 participants were recruited; most people found out about the survey through their workplace or employer (2300/10691, 21.51%), outreach promotion (2219/10691, 20.76%), and social media (1859/10691, 17.39%). The average number of questionnaires filled in per participant varied significantly between the cities (P<.001), with the highest number in Zurich (11.0, SE 0.33) and the lowest in Örebro (4.8, SE 0.17). Collaboration with local organizations, the use of Facebook and mailing lists, and direct street recruitment were the most effective approaches in reaching a high share of participants (P<.001). Considering the invested working hours, Facebook was one of the most time-efficient methods. Compared with the cities’ census data, the composition of study participants was broadly representative in terms of gender distribution; however, the study included younger and better-educated participants. Conclusions We observed that offering a mixed recruitment approach was highly effective in achieving a high participation rate. The highest attrition rate and the lowest average number of questionnaires filled in per participant were observed in Örebro, which also recruited participants through random sampling. These findings suggest that people who are more interested in the topic are more willing to participate and stay in a survey than those who are selected randomly and may not have a strong connection to the research topic. Although direct face-to-face contacts were very effective with respect to the number of recruited participants, recruiting people through social media was not only effective but also very time efficient. The collected data are based on one of the largest recruited longitudinal samples with a common recruitment strategy in different European cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailin Gaupp-Berghausen
- Institute for Transport Studies, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Raser
- Institute for Transport Studies, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Esther Anaya-Boig
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ione Avila-Palencia
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Audrey de Nazelle
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Evi Dons
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.,Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Regine Gerike
- Chair of Integrated Transport Planning and Traffic Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Götschi
- Physical Activity and Health Unit, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Reinhard Hössinger
- Institute for Transport Studies, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Rojas-Rueda
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julian Sanchez
- London Borough of Newham, London, United Kingdom.,The London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emilia Smeds
- Department of Science, Technology, Engineering and Public Policy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manja Deforth
- Physical Activity and Health Unit, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arnout Standaert
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Tom Cole-Hunter
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium.,Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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29
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Loxton D, Tooth L, Harris ML, Forder PM, Dobson A, Powers J, Brown W, Byles J, Mishra G. Cohort Profile: The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH) 1989-95 cohort. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 47:391-392e. [PMID: 29025118 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Loxton
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Melissa L Harris
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Peta M Forder
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Jennifer Powers
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Wendy Brown
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Julie Byles
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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McManus DD, Trinquart L, Benjamin EJ, Manders ES, Fusco K, Jung LS, Spartano NL, Kheterpal V, Nowak C, Sardana M, Murabito JM. Design and Preliminary Findings From a New Electronic Cohort Embedded in the Framingham Heart Study. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e12143. [PMID: 30821691 PMCID: PMC6418484 DOI: 10.2196/12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background New models of scalable population-based data collection that integrate digital and mobile health (mHealth) data are necessary. Objective The aim of this study was to describe a cardiovascular digital and mHealth electronic cohort (e-cohort) embedded in a traditional longitudinal cohort study, the Framingham Heart Study (FHS). Methods We invited eligible and consenting FHS Generation 3 and Omni participants to download the electronic Framingham Heart Study (eFHS) app onto their mobile phones and co-deployed a digital blood pressure (BP) cuff. Thereafter, participants were also offered a smartwatch (Apple Watch). Participants are invited to complete surveys through the eFHS app, to perform weekly BP measurements, and to wear the smartwatch daily. Results Up to July 2017, we enrolled 790 eFHS participants, representing 76% (790/1044) of potentially eligible FHS participants. eFHS participants were, on average, 53±8 years of age and 57% were women. A total of 85% (675/790) of eFHS participants completed all of the baseline survey and 59% (470/790) completed the 3-month survey. A total of 42% (241/573) and 76% (306/405) of eFHS participants adhered to weekly digital BP and heart rate (HR) uploads, respectively, over 12 weeks. Conclusions We have designed an e-cohort focused on identifying novel cardiovascular disease risk factors using a new smartphone app, a digital BP cuff, and a smartwatch. Despite minimal training and support, preliminary findings over a 3-month follow-up period show that uptake is high and adherence to periodic app-based surveys, weekly digital BP assessments, and smartwatch HR measures is acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- David D McManus
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States.,Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Ludovic Trinquart
- Boston University's and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States.,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emelia J Benjamin
- Boston University's and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States.,Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology and Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emily S Manders
- Boston University's and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States
| | - Kelsey Fusco
- Boston University's and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States
| | - Lindsey S Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nicole L Spartano
- Boston University's and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States.,Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition, and Weight Management, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | - Mayank Sardana
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Joanne M Murabito
- Boston University's and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States.,Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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Powers JR, Loxton D, Anderson AE, Dobson AJ, Mishra GD, Hockey R, Brown WJ. Changes in smoking, drinking, overweight and physical inactivity in young Australian women 1996-2013. Health Promot J Austr 2019; 28:255-259. [PMID: 28219013 DOI: 10.1071/he16085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Issue addressed Smoking, risky drinking, overweight and obesity, and physical inactivity are health-risk factors (HRFs) that contribute significantly to morbidity worldwide. Several initiatives have been introduced over the past two decades to reduce these HRFs. This paper examines changes in the prevalence of HRFs in young women (aged 18-23 years) between 1996 and 2013, overall and within demographic groups. Methods Data from two cohorts of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, born in 1973-78 (n=14247) and 1989-95 (n=17012) were weighted to provide national estimates. Prevalence ratios were used to compare HRFs in 2013 relative to 1996. Results In 1996, 32% were current smokers, 38% were risky drinkers, 22% were overweight or obese and 7% were physically inactive. In 2013, corresponding estimates were 19%, 35%, 33% and 6%. Between 1996 and 2013, overall smoking prevalence decreased, but remained over 43% among least educated women. Overweight and obesity increased in all demographic groups. Conclusions The findings suggest that only smoking, which has been the subject of changes in taxation, legislation and regulation, declined significantly, in all except the least educated women. In contrast, the prevalence of overweight and obesity, which has largely been addressed through awareness campaigns and voluntary actions by the food industry, increased markedly in all demographic sub-groups. So what? The findings show that comprehensive health promotion interventions, such as those for tobacco control, are successful (but may still be ineffective among less educated women). In contrast the measures to control population weight gain among young women have been futile so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Powers
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Deborah Loxton
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Amy E Anderson
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Annette J Dobson
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston, Qld 4006, Australia
| | - Gita D Mishra
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston, Qld 4006, Australia
| | - Richard Hockey
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston, Qld 4006, Australia
| | - Wendy J Brown
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
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Melka AS, Chojenta CL, Holliday EG, Loxton DJ. Predictors of E-cigarette Use Among Young Australian Women. Am J Prev Med 2019; 56:293-299. [PMID: 30554978 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION E-cigarette use is controversial worldwide. The majority of previous studies on e-cigarette use were not gender specific. This study aimed to identify the predictors of e-cigarette use among young Australian women. METHODS This study used cross-sectional data from the 1989-1995 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. In 2015, study participants (N=8,915) aged 19-26 years completed an online survey. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of e-cigarette use. Data were analyzed in 2018. RESULTS The prevalence of ever and past-year e-cigarette use among young Australian women was 11.1% and 6.4%, respectively. More than a quarter of past-year and ever e-cigarette users were never cigarette smokers. Use of e-cigarettes in the past year was associated with younger age (AOR per year increase=0.87, 95% CI=0.82, 0.93); financial difficulty (AOR=0.68, 95% CI=0.54, 0.87); being an ex-smoker (AOR=5.05, 95% CI=3.64, 7.01) or current cigarette smoker (AOR=10.01, 95% CI=7.77, 12.89); drinking at a level of lifetime risk of harm from alcohol-related disease or injury (AOR=1.23, 95% CI=1.01, 1.53). Ever e-cigarette use showed similar associations and was also associated with rural residence (AOR=0.74, 95% CI=0.60, 0.91) and intimate partner violence (AOR=1.44, 95% CI=1.17, 1.76). CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of e-cigarette use among never cigarette smokers has significant public health implications. Interventions to curb the use of e-cigarettes among young Australian women should focus on risk factors, such as early age, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and intimate partner violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alemu S Melka
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
| | - Catherine L Chojenta
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Holliday
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Deborah J Loxton
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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Obtaining contextually relevant geographic data using Facebook recruitment in public health studies. Health Place 2018; 55:37-42. [PMID: 30466814 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Online participant recruitment for public health research studies has increased dramatically in recent years, particularly as traditional recruitment strategies have waned in efficiency. The emergence of e-epidemiology offers possibilities for reaching understudied populations as well as conducting large-scale studies. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey focused on self-reported neighborhood characteristics, perceived stress, and feasibility of obtaining work/residential addresses via online recruitment in St. Louis, Missouri, USA from February 2017 to December 2017. We report the process of using Facebook recruitment and demonstrate how this strategy can enhance collection of geospatial data to better understand context and spatial patterns of disease. RESULTS A total of 425 participants were recruited via Facebook advertisements. All participants reported their residential and work ZIP codes, though only 64.7% and 45.6% provided their complete residential and work street addresses, respectively. Those who reported their complete residential street addresses were more likely to be female (69.8% vs. 56.1% of males, χ2 = 7.89, 1 df, p = 0.005), though no differences were observed by race, age, or employment status. DISCUSSION These findings indicate that valuable location data can be successfully collected via Facebook recruitment - data that could potentially include residential history or prospective follow-up time or be combined with other emerging technologies for geographic data in order to better understand the context and the effects of place on health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Facebook recruitment may be an underutilized resource for obtaining accurate geospatial and contextually relevant health data and should be considered as a means for finding participants due to the cost-effectiveness, efficiency and flexibility of this recruitment approach.
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Costello R, Jacklin C, Jameson Evans M, McBeth J, Dixon WG. Representativeness of a digitally engaged population and a patient organisation population with rheumatoid arthritis and their willingness to participate in research: a cross-sectional study. RMD Open 2018; 4:e000664. [PMID: 29955383 PMCID: PMC6018858 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2018-000664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To describe (1) the representativeness of (a) users of an online health community (HealthUnlocked.com (HU)) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and (b) paid members of an RA patient organisation, the National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society (NRAS), compared with the general RA population; and (2) the willingness of HU users with RA to participate in types of research (surveys, use of an app or activity tracker, and trials). Methods A pop-up survey was embedded on HU to determine the characteristics of users and their willingness to participate in research. An anonymous data set of NRAS member characteristics was provided by the NRAS (N=2044). To represent the general RA population, characteristics of people with RA were identified from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) (N=20 594). Cross-sectional comparisons were made across the three groups. Results Compared with CPRD, HU respondents (n=615) were significantly younger (49% aged below 55 years compared with 23% of CPRD patients), significantly more deprived (21% in the most deprived Townsend quintile compared with 12% of CPRD patients) and had more recent disease, with 62% diagnosed between 2010 and 2016 compared with 37% of CPRD patients. NRAS members were more similar to the CPRD, but significantly under-represented those aged 75 years or over and over-represented those aged 55–75 years compared with the CPRD. High proportions of HU users were willing to participate in future research of all types. Conclusions NRAS members were broadly representative of the general RA population. HU users were younger, more deprived and more recently diagnosed. HU users were willing to participate in most types of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Costello
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Clare Jacklin
- National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society, Berkshire, UK
| | | | - John McBeth
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - William G Dixon
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,Health eResearch Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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de la Coba Ortiz C, Mayol J. Online social networks and inflammatory bowel disease. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2018; 110:271-273. [PMID: 29745718 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2018.5496/2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Enrolling patients for epidemiologic studies represents a challenge for researchers. Those who use traditional approaches, including in-person interviews and telephone or mail surveys, obtain increasingly lower participations. In the study by Martín-Fernández et al., the authors obtained 44 responses via mail and forums, and then 376 responses in just five days via Facebook. Online social networks (OSN) provide a unique opportunity to obtain epidemiologic data with resource savings and presumably collecting higher-quality information. However, disadvantages include loss of anonimity, selection and sampling biases, social acceptance bias, behavior changes, and lack of representativity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julio Mayol
- Instituto de Investigación San Carlos, Hospital Clínico San Carlos
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Thornton LK, Kay-Lambkin FJ. Specific features of current and emerging mobile health apps: user views among people with and without mental health problems. Mhealth 2018; 4:56. [PMID: 30701174 PMCID: PMC6327166 DOI: 10.21037/mhealth.2018.11.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite widespread development of mobile health apps, there is a paucity of research investigating user views of apps and their features, particularly among people with mental health problems. This study aimed to gain an understanding of the acceptability of specific features of current and emerging mobile health apps among people with and without mental health problems. METHODS Adults living in Australia were recruited to complete a self-report questionnaire regarding demographic characteristics, mental health, technology use, and attitudes regarding specific features of mobile health apps. RESULTS A total of 284 participants were recruited, including 53% with a history of mental illness. Few concerns were reported with mobile app features (mean =1.8 features; SD =2.19) and statistical analyses found that age, gender, income, rurality, mental health status and technology use did not affect the expression of these concerns. Key issues identified included privacy and security of personal information, apps acting automatically, sharing personal information and the invasive nature of some features. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that mental illness may not be a barrier to widespread use of mobile technologies for health purposes. It is hoped that this research will assist developers and clinicians to develop and integrate mobile health apps into everyday care more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise K. Thornton
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Frances J. Kay-Lambkin
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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Downing KL, Campbell KJ, van der Pligt P, Hesketh KD. Facilitator and Participant Use of Facebook in a Community-Based Intervention for Parents: The InFANT Extend Program. Child Obes 2017; 13:443-454. [PMID: 28737424 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2017.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social networking sites such as Facebook afford new opportunities for behavior-change interventions. Although often used as a recruitment tool, few studies have reported the use of Facebook as an intervention component to facilitate communication between researchers and participants. The aim of this study was to examine facilitator and participant use of a Facebook component of a community-based intervention for parents. METHODS First-time parent groups participating in the intervention arm of the extended Infant Feeding, Activity and Nutrition Trial (InFANT Extend) Program were invited to join their own private Facebook group. Facilitators mediated the Facebook groups, using them to share resources with parents, arrange group sessions, and respond to parent queries. Parents completed process evaluation questionnaires reporting on the usefulness of the Facebook groups. RESULTS A total of 150 parents (from 27 first-time parent groups) joined their private Facebook group. There were a mean of 36.9 (standard deviation 11.1) posts/group, with the majority being facilitator posts. Facilitator administration posts (e.g., arranging upcoming group sessions) had the highest average comments (4.0), followed by participant health/behavior questions (3.5). The majority of participants reported that they enjoyed being a part of their Facebook group; however, the frequency of logging on to their groups' page declined over the 36 months of the trial, as did their perceived usefulness of the group. CONCLUSIONS Facebook appears to be a useful administrative tool in this context. Parents enjoyed being part of their Facebook group, but their reported use of and engagement with Facebook declined over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Downing
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University , Geelong, Australia
| | - Karen J Campbell
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University , Geelong, Australia
| | - Paige van der Pligt
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University , Geelong, Australia
| | - Kylie D Hesketh
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University , Geelong, Australia
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Pleiotropy of cardiometabolic syndrome with obesity-related anthropometric traits determined using empirically derived kinships from the Busselton Health Study. Hum Genet 2017; 137:45-53. [PMID: 29181734 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-017-1856-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over two billion adults are overweight or obese and therefore at an increased risk of cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). Obesity-related anthropometric traits genetically correlated with CMS may provide insight into CMS aetiology. The aim of this study was to utilise an empirically derived genetic relatedness matrix to calculate heritabilities and genetic correlations between CMS and anthropometric traits to determine whether they share genetic risk factors (pleiotropy). We used genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data on 4671 Busselton Health Study participants. Exploiting both known and unknown relatedness, empirical kinship probabilities were estimated using these SNP data. General linear mixed models implemented in SOLAR were used to estimate narrow-sense heritabilities (h 2) and genetic correlations (r g) between 15 anthropometric and 9 CMS traits. Anthropometric traits were adjusted by body mass index (BMI) to determine whether the observed genetic correlation was independent of obesity. After adjustment for multiple testing, all CMS and anthropometric traits were significantly heritable (h 2 range 0.18-0.57). We identified 50 significant genetic correlations (r g range: - 0.37 to 0.75) between CMS and anthropometric traits. Five genetic correlations remained significant after adjustment for BMI [high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and waist-hip ratio; triglycerides and waist-hip ratio; triglycerides and waist-height ratio; non-HDL-C and waist-height ratio; insulin and iliac skinfold thickness]. This study provides evidence for the presence of potentially pleiotropic genes that affect both anthropometric and CMS traits, independently of obesity.
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Das R, Machalek DA, Molesworth EG, Garland SM. Using Facebook to Recruit Young Australian Men Into a Cross-Sectional Human Papillomavirus Study. J Med Internet Res 2017; 19:e389. [PMID: 29150417 PMCID: PMC5712010 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.8739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Young men can be difficult to engage in health research using traditional methods of recruitment. Social networking sites are increasingly being used to recruit participants into health research, due to their cost effectiveness, overall generalizability, and wide reach. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of using Facebook to recruit young Australian men into a human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence study. Methods We recruited male permanent residents of Australia, aged 18 to 35 years, into the HPV in Young Males (HYM) study through targeted advertising placed on Facebook. Consenting participants completed an online questionnaire and provided a self-collected penile swab for HPV DNA detection and genotyping. We compared sociodemographic characteristics of the study population with those of the general Australian male population, based on Australian 2011 census data. Results Between February 2015 and February 2017, targeted Facebook advertisements reached 1,523,239 men, resulting in 41,811 clicks through to the study website, with 1072 (2.56%) converting to lodgment of an expression of interest. Of these, 681 (63.53%) provided written informed consent and 535 (78.6% of recruited participants) completed all the study requirements. Reasons for participating in the study included altruism, past history of HPV, gaining more knowledge about HPV or the vaccine, working in the health industry, and the monetary compensation. The average advertising cost per completed study participant was Aus $48. Compared with the census population, HYM study participants were more likely to be Australian born (P<.001), be from Victoria (P=.003) or the Australian Capital Territory (P=.004), reside in a major city (P<.001), and have completed undergraduate (P<.001) or postgraduate education (P<.001). HYM study participants were less likely to report being a current smoker (P=.03), but were more likely to identify as bisexual or homosexual (294/529, 55.6%, P<.001), than the general population. Conclusions Using Facebook is a feasible and efficient strategy for the recruitment of men from across Australia for HPV testing. This method could be used for monitoring the impact of HPV vaccination. Additional targeting may achieve a sample that is broadly demographically representative of the Australian population. Future research should explore how the sexual risk behavior characteristics of populations recruited through Facebook compare with those of traditional recruitment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopa Das
- Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - Dorothy A Machalek
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Edmund G Molesworth
- Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - Suzanne M Garland
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
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Fry A, Littlejohns TJ, Sudlow C, Doherty N, Adamska L, Sprosen T, Collins R, Allen NE. Comparison of Sociodemographic and Health-Related Characteristics of UK Biobank Participants With Those of the General Population. Am J Epidemiol 2017. [PMID: 28641372 PMCID: PMC5860371 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwx246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1900] [Impact Index Per Article: 271.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The UK Biobank cohort is a population-based cohort of 500,000 participants recruited in the United Kingdom (UK) between 2006 and 2010. Approximately 9.2 million individuals aged 40–69 years who lived within 25 miles (40 km) of one of 22 assessment centers in England, Wales, and Scotland were invited to enter the cohort, and 5.5% participated in the baseline assessment. The representativeness of the UK Biobank cohort was investigated by comparing demographic characteristics between nonresponders and responders. Sociodemographic, physical, lifestyle, and health-related characteristics of the cohort were compared with nationally representative data sources. UK Biobank participants were more likely to be older, to be female, and to live in less socioeconomically deprived areas than nonparticipants. Compared with the general population, participants were less likely to be obese, to smoke, and to drink alcohol on a daily basis and had fewer self-reported health conditions. At age 70–74 years, rates of all-cause mortality and total cancer incidence were 46.2% and 11.8% lower, respectively, in men and 55.5% and 18.1% lower, respectively, in women than in the general population of the same age. UK Biobank is not representative of the sampling population; there is evidence of a “healthy volunteer” selection bias. Nonetheless, valid assessment of exposure-disease relationships may be widely generalizable and does not require participants to be representative of the population at large.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas J Littlejohns
- Correspondence to Dr. Thomas J. Littlejohns, Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (e-mail: )
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Thomson N, Worsley A, Wang W, Sarmugam R, Pham Q, Februhartanty J. Country context, personal values and nutrition trust: Associations with perceptions of beverage healthiness in five countries in the Asia Pacific region. Food Qual Prefer 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Townsend N, Powers J, Loxton D. Bullying among 18 to 23-year-old women in 2013. Aust N Z J Public Health 2017; 41:394-398. [PMID: 28616882 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the prevalence of bullying among women aged 18-23 in 2013, and to describe the demographic characteristics, health and risk factors of those who experienced bullying. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis using data from the 1989-95 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, a nationally representative cohort (n=16,801). RESULTS More than one-quarter of women (28.4%) indicated they had never been bullied, 53.4% reported experiencing bullying in the past and 18.2% indicated that they were recently bullied. Women who had experienced bullying were more likely to have lower levels of education, less likely to be studying or employed, and had more difficulty managing on their income. Women who experienced bullying were more likely to use tobacco or illicit drugs, be overweight or obese and to be sedentary. Even after adjusting for these factors, women who had experienced bullying were at risk of poor physical health, psychological distress, suicidal thoughts and self-harm. CONCLUSIONS This is the first nationally representative study to demonstrate the strong association between being a victim of bullying and health outcomes in a post-school-age population. Implications for public health: The findings highlight the need for interventions for women who have already experienced bullying and are past school age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Townsend
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales
| | - Jennifer Powers
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales
| | - Deborah Loxton
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales
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Volunteer Participation in the Health eHeart Study: A Comparison with the US Population. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1956. [PMID: 28512303 PMCID: PMC5434039 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct volunteer "eCohort" recruitment can be an efficient way of recruiting large numbers of participants, but there is potential for volunteer bias. We compared self-selected participants in the Health eHeart Study to participants in the National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-14, a cross-sectional survey of the US population. Compared with the US population (represented by 5,769 NHANES participants), the 12,280 Health eHeart participants with complete survey data were more likely to be female (adjusted odds ratio (ORadj) = 3.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.9-3.5); less likely to be Black, Hispanic, or Asian versus White/non-Hispanic (ORadj's = 0.4-0.6, p < 0.01); more likely to be college-educated (ORadj = 15.8 (13-19) versus ≤high school); more likely to have cardiovascular diseases and risk factors (ORadj's = 1.1-2.8, p < 0.05) except diabetes (ORadj = 0.8 (0.7-0.9); more likely to be in excellent general health (ORadj = 0.6 (0.5-0.8) for "Good" versus "Excellent"); and less likely to be current smokers (ORadj = 0.3 (0.3-0.4)). While most self-selection patterns held for Health eHeart users of Bluetooth blood pressure cuff technology, there were some striking differences; for example, the gender ratio was reversed (ORadj = 0.6 (0.4-0.7) for female gender). Volunteer participation in this cardiovascular health-focused eCohort was not uniform among US adults nor for different components of the study.
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Leach LS, Butterworth P, Poyser C, Batterham PJ, Farrer LM. Online Recruitment: Feasibility, Cost, and Representativeness in a Study of Postpartum Women. J Med Internet Res 2017; 19:e61. [PMID: 28274906 PMCID: PMC5362693 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.5745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Online recruitment is feasible, low-cost, and can provide high-quality epidemiological data. However, little is known about the feasibility of recruiting postpartum women online, or sample representativeness. Objective The current study investigates the feasibility of recruiting a population of postpartum women online for health research and examines sample representativeness. Methods Two samples of postpartum women were compared: those recruited online as participants in a brief survey of new mothers (n=1083) and those recruited face-to-face as part of a nationally representative study (n=579). Sociodemographic, general health, and mental health characteristics were compared between the two samples. Results Obtaining a sample of postpartum women online for health research was highly efficient and low-cost. The online sample over-represented those who were younger (aged 25-29 years), were in a de facto relationship, had higher levels of education, spoke only English at home, and were first-time mothers. Members of the online sample were significantly more likely to have poor self-rated health and poor mental health than the nationally representative sample. Health differences remained after adjusting for sociodemographic differences. Conclusions Potential exists for feasible and low-cost e-epidemiological research with postpartum populations; however, researchers should consider the potential influence of sample nonrepresentativeness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana S Leach
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Peter Butterworth
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Carmel Poyser
- Centre for Mental Health Research, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Philip J Batterham
- Centre for Mental Health Research, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Louise M Farrer
- Centre for Mental Health Research, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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De Jong B, Worsley A, Wang WC, Sarmugam R, Pham Q, Februhartanty J, Ridley S. Personal values, marketing attitudes and nutrition trust are associated with patronage of convenience food outlets in the Asia-Pacific region: a cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2017; 36:6. [PMID: 28209196 PMCID: PMC5314702 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-017-0082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An online cross-sectional survey examined the relationships between the demographic characteristics, personal values, trust in sources of nutrition information and the use of convenience food outlets among middle-class household food providers in the Asia-Pacific region. METHODS The survey was administered to 3945 household food providers in Melbourne, Singapore, Shanghai, Vietnam and Indonesia in late 2013. Information about demographics, personal values, trust in sources of nutrition information and use of convenience food outlets was elicited. Exploratory factor analysis, two-step clustering and logistic regression were employed. RESULTS The analyses found that the use of convenience food outlets was positively related to hedonist values and trust in food industry sources of nutrition information. However, lesser use of convenience food outlets and trust in health sources of nutrition information was associated with traditional (community-oriented) values. CONCLUSIONS Further replication and extension of these findings would be useful. However, they suggest that improvements in the quality of foods sold in convenience food outlets combined with stronger regulation of food marketing and long-term food education are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanna De Jong
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Anthony Worsley
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia.
- Behavioural Nutrition, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
| | - Wei Chun Wang
- Peninsula Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Rani Sarmugam
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
- Health Promotion Board, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Quynh Pham
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | | | - Stacey Ridley
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
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Re-recruiting young adult women into a second follow-up study. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2017; 5:160-167. [PMID: 29740632 PMCID: PMC5936695 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recruitment among young adults presents a unique set of challenges as they are difficult to reach through conventional methods. Purpose To describe our experience using both traditional and nontraditional methods in the re-recruitment of young adult women into the second follow-up study of the Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls (TAAG). Methods 589 adolescent girls were re-recruited as 11th graders into TAAG 2. Re-recruitment efforts were conducted when they were between 22 and 23 years of age (TAAG 3). Facebook, email, postal mail, and telephone (call and text) were used. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize cohort characteristics. Discrete categorical variables were compared using Pearson chi-square or Fisher's exact test, while Wilcoxon rank sum or t-tests were calculated for continuous variables. Pearson's chi square test, analysis of variance, and the Kruskal-Wallis test were also used. Logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted models. Results All 589 cohort members were located and 479 (81.3%) were re-recruited. Participants who reported living in a two parent household or with their mothers only, and who did not perceive a lot of crime in their neighborhood were more likely to consent to participate in TAAG 3 (p = 0.047 and p = 0.008, respectively). Perceived neighborhood crime remained significant in the adjusted model (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.25-0.90, p = 0.02). Early and late consenters differed by race/ethnicity (p = 0.015), household type (p = 0.001), and socioeconomic status (p = 0.005). In the adjusted model, Black participants were more likely to consent later than White participants (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.07-3.13, p = 0.03). Conclusions A number of recruitment strategies and outreach attempts were needed to recruit young adult women into a follow-up study. Persistent efforts may be needed to recruit participants with race/ethnic diversity and lower socioeconomic status.
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Andreeva VA, Deschamps V, Salanave B, Castetbon K, Verdot C, Kesse-Guyot E, Hercberg S. Comparison of Dietary Intakes Between a Large Online Cohort Study (Etude NutriNet-Santé) and a Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Study (Etude Nationale Nutrition Santé) in France: Addressing the Issue of Generalizability in E-Epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol 2016; 184:660-669. [PMID: 27744386 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kww016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite some advantages over traditional methods, Web-based studies elicit concerns about generalizability. To address this issue, we compared dietary intakes between an electronic (e-) cohort study and a nationally representative survey. We studied 49,443 French volunteers aged 18-74 years recruited during 2009-2010 in the NutriNet-Santé Study, a general population-based e-cohort study. The Etude Nationale Nutrition Santé (ENNS; 2006-2007), a cross-sectional study with a nationally representative sample of 2,754 French adults aged 18-74 years, served as the reference data set. Reported dietary intakes from three 24-hour dietary records were weighted and compared between the two studies via Student t tests for mean location, using a >5% cutoff for establishing practically meaningful differences. We observed similar intakes as regards carbohydrates, total lipids, protein, and total energy. However, intakes of fruit and vegetables, fiber, vitamins B6, B9, C, D, and E, iron, and magnesium were higher in the e-cohort than in the ENNS, while intakes of alcohol and nonalcoholic beverages were lower in the e-cohort. Significant sex-specific differences were observed regarding vitamins A and B12, zinc, and potassium. True intake differences, mode effects, and volunteer bias might each contribute to explaining the findings. In the future, repeated use of the same tool in large e-cohorts with heterogeneous dietary exposures could serve research purposes and supplement group-level monitoring of dietary trends.
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Rowlands IJ, Teede H, Lucke J, Dobson AJ, Mishra GD. Young women's psychological distress after a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome or endometriosis. Hum Reprod 2016; 31:2072-81. [PMID: 27412249 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dew174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Do young women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or endometriosis report more psychological distress than their peers without a history of these conditions? SUMMARY ANSWER Young women (aged 18-23 years) with PCOS or endometriosis had a greater risk of moderate to severe psychological distress than women without a history of these conditions. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Psychological distress appears common among women with PCOS and endometriosis. However, population-based studies that examine the psychological outcomes for adolescents and young women are generally absent from the literature. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This is a secondary analysis of data collected from 17 015 young, Australian women participating in a national, longitudinal cohort study. Women were first surveyed in 2012-2013 when they were aged 18-23 years. In 2014, women completed the second survey when they were aged 19-24 years and 11324 (67%) women responded. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We analysed data from 11 238 women who participated in both Surveys 1 and 2 and who responded to questions about PCOS and endometriosis. Using logistic regression, we compared the odds of moderate to severe psychological distress at Surveys 1 and 2 for women reporting a recent diagnosis (within the last 12 months) of PCOS or endometriosis and women with a pre-existing diagnosis, with that for women without a history of these conditions. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE At Survey 2, around 60% of women reporting a diagnosis of PCOS or endometriosis had moderate to severe levels of psychological distress. Compared to women without a history of these conditions, the odds of moderate to severe psychological distress at Survey 2 were significantly higher for women recently diagnosed with PCOS [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.21-2.18] or endometriosis (AOR= 1.77; 95% CI = 1.20-2.63) and for women with a pre-existing diagnosis of PCOS (AOR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.30-1.89) or endometriosis (AOR = 1.61; 95% CI = 1.26-2.06). Women recently diagnosed with PCOS or endometriosis also had a greater likelihood of moderate to severe distress in the year prior to their diagnosis. The association between PCOS and psychological distress was attenuated when adjusting for BMI, but hormonal contraceptive use did not attenuate the risk of distress among the women with PCOS or endometriosis. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION All data were self-reported and, therefore, the diagnoses of PCOS or endometriosis were not confirmed by a medical practitioner. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Health professionals should be aware of the potential psychosocial and healthcare needs among young women with these conditions, particularly women with PCOS who are obese. While hormonal contraceptives may help to regulate the hormonal aspects of these conditions, they do not appear to reduce women's psychological distress. Because psychological distress among the young women in this study remained elevated even after diagnosis, this supports the need for multidisciplinary health care to help women adjust to their diagnosis and treatment regimens and facilitate positive, long-term mental health outcomes. Future research that examines medical and psychosocial sources of distress for young women with PCOS and endometriosis is needed. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS I.J.R. was supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence (grant number: APP1000986). G.D.M. is funded by the Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT120100812). The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health is funded by the Australian Government Department of Health. H.T. is supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Practitioner Fellowship. The authors declare that no competing interests exist. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J Rowlands
- Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Research, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - H Teede
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Locked Bag 29, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, Monash Health, Locked Bag 29, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - J Lucke
- Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - A J Dobson
- Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Research, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - G D Mishra
- Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Research, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
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Social patterning of overeating, binge eating, compensatory behaviours and symptoms of bulimia nervosa in young adult women: results from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Public Health Nutr 2016; 19:3158-3168. [PMID: 27329947 PMCID: PMC5217467 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980016001440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To study social patterning of overeating and symptoms of disordered eating in a general population. Design A representative, population-based cohort study. Setting The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH), Survey 1 in 1996 and Survey 2 in 2000. Subjects Women (n 12 599) aged 18–23 years completed a questionnaire survey at baseline, of whom 6866 could be studied prospectively. Results Seventeen per cent of women reported episodes of overeating, 16 % reported binge eating and 10 % reported compensatory behaviours. Almost 4 % of women reported symptoms consistent with bulimia nervosa. Low education, not living with family, perceived financial difficulty (OR=1·8 and 1·3 for women with severe and some financial difficulty, respectively, compared with none) and European language other than English spoken at home (OR=1·5 for European compared with Australian/English) were associated with higher prevalence of binge eating. Furthermore, longitudinal analyses indicated increased risk of persistent binge eating among women with a history of being overweight in childhood, those residing in metropolitan Australia, women with higher BMI, smokers and binge drinkers. Conclusions Overeating, binge eating and symptoms of bulimia nervosa are common among young Australian women and cluster with binge drinking. Perceived financial stress appears to increase the risk of binge eating and bulimia nervosa. It is unclear whether women of European origin and those with a history of childhood overweight carry higher risk of binge eating because of genetic or cultural reasons.
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Thornton L, Batterham PJ, Fassnacht DB, Kay-Lambkin F, Calear AL, Hunt S. Recruiting for health, medical or psychosocial research using Facebook: Systematic review. Internet Interv 2016; 4:72-81. [PMID: 30135792 PMCID: PMC6096238 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recruiting participants is a challenge for many health, medical and psychosocial research projects. One tool more frequently being used to improve recruitment is the social networking website Facebook. A systematic review was conducted to identify studies that have used Facebook to recruit participants of all ages, to any psychosocial, health or medical research. 110 unique studies that used Facebook as a recruitment source were included in the review. The majority of studies used a cross-sectional design (80%) and addressed a physical health or disease issue (57%). Half (49%) of the included studies reported specific details of the Facebook recruitment process. Researchers paid between $1.36 and $110 per completing participants (Mean = $17.48, SD = $23.06). Among studies that examined the representativeness of their sample, the majority concluded (86%) their Facebook-recruited samples were similarly representative of samples recruited via traditional methods. These results indicate that Facebook is an effective and cost-efficient recruitment method. Researchers should consider their target group, advertisement wording, offering incentives and no-cost methods of recruitment when considering Facebook as a recruitment source. It is hoped this review will assist researchers to make decisions regarding the use of Facebook as a recruitment tool in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Thornton
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Philip J. Batterham
- National Institute for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Daniel B. Fassnacht
- Research School of Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Frances Kay-Lambkin
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Corresponding author at: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Alison L. Calear
- National Institute for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Sally Hunt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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