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Almajid A, Bazroon A, AlAhmed A, Bakhurji O. Exploring the Health Benefits and Therapeutic Potential of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) in Human Studies: A Comprehensive Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e49309. [PMID: 38024072 PMCID: PMC10676230 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS), commonly known as Roselle, has a rich history of traditional uses and is recognized for its diverse pharmacological properties, including antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and more. This comprehensive review synthesizes the existing literature on the health benefits associated with the consumption of HS or its ingredients. Key areas of focus include metabolic health, blood sugar, and lipid regulation, wherein studies have reported varying effects on parameters such as fasting blood glucose, insulin sensitivity, and lipid profiles. Furthermore, Roselle exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, as evidenced by its impact on inflammatory markers such as MCP-1 and TNF-α. Additionally, HS extracts have shown notable antibacterial efficacy against various strains, with a potential role in urinary tract infection management. Studies also suggest potential benefits for renal function, with improvements in markers such as blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels. In this article, we aim to review the existing literature on the health benefits of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Almajid
- Internal Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, SAU
| | - Ali Bazroon
- Internal Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, SAU
| | - Alzahraa AlAhmed
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Omar Bakhurji
- Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
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Yahya R, Jainandunsing S, Rashid M, van der Zee L, Touw A, de Rooij FWM, Sijbrands EJG, Verhoeven AJM, Mulder MT. HDL associates with insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in South Asian families at risk of type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications 2021; 35:107993. [PMID: 34384708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.107993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dyslipidemia precedes type 2 diabetes (T2D) and worsens with increasing glucose intolerance. First degree relatives of T2D patients have an increased risk to develop dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance. The aim of the present study was to assess the relation between the development of dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance in first-degree relatives of T2D patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Fasting lipoprotein profiles were determined by density gradient ultracentrifugation in T2D patients and their first-degree relatives (42 Caucasians and 33 South Asians), and in 29 normoglycemic controls from non-T2D families. Glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and insulin disposition index (DI) were assessed by an extended, frequently sampled oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and fractional insulin synthesis rate (FSR) was measured by 13C-leucine enrichment in urinary C-peptide during the OGTT. RESULTS Of the first-degree relatives, 40, 16 and 19 had NGT, prediabetes and T2D, respectively. NGT family members had lower plasma HDL-cholesterol (HDLC) (1.34 ± 0.07 vs 1.58 ± 0.06 mmol/L; p = 0.015), HDL2-C (0.41 ± 0.05 vs 0.57 ± 0.05 mmol/L; p = 0.021) and HDL3-C (0.62 ± 0.03 vs 0.72 ± 0.02 mmol/L; p = 0.043) than controls. HDL2-C levels tended to decrease with increasing glucose intolerance state. In South Asians, buoyant LDL-C levels decreased with increasing glucose intolerance state (p = 0.006). In South Asian families, HDL-C correlated with both ISI and DI (β 0.42; p = 0.04 and β 0.53; p = 0.01, respectively), whereas HDL2-C and HDL3-C levels correlated with DI (β 0.64; p = 0.002 and β 0.57; p = 0.005, respectively). HDL2-C and plasma triglyceride correlated with FSR (β 0.48; p = 0.033 and β -0.50; p = 0.029, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Low HDL2-C and HDL3-C levels are present in NGT first-degree relatives of T2D patients, and HDL2-C tend to decrease further with increasing glucose intolerance. In South Asian families HDL2-C and HDL3-C levels linked predominantly to deteriorating beta cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yahya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Jainandunsing
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Rashid
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L van der Zee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A Touw
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - F W M de Rooij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E J G Sijbrands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A J M Verhoeven
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - M T Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology, Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Pallarés-Carratalá V, Quesada JA, Orozco-Beltrán D, Amigó-Grau N, Lopez-Pineda A, Fernández Giménez A, Gil-Guillén VF, Correig X, Masana L, Monleón D, Redón J, Pascual R, Carratalá-Munuera C. Analysis of LDL and HDL size and number by nuclear magnetic resonance in a healthy working population: The LipoLab Study. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e13610. [PMID: 32648987 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Atherosclerosis is the underlying process in cardiovascular disease (CVD), the first cause of death in developed countries. We aimed to identify people with no known CVD and normal values of LDL-C and HDL-C, but with alterations in the number and size of lipoprotein particles (as measured by nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]) and to analyse their sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical characteristics. METHODS Cross-sectional study in occupational risks prevention centre in Castellón (Spain) in 2017 and 2018, in consecutively recruited adults (18-65 years) with no known CVD. Sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical variables were collected. Lipid profiles were analysed (Liposcale test), along with the concentration, size and number of the main types of lipoprotein particles, determined by 2D diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy. Using contingency tables, we analysed the characteristics of people with normal LDL and HDL cholesterol but abnormal levels of LDL and HDL particles. The magnitude of association between explanatory variables and abnormal levels of each kind of lipoprotein was assessed with multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS Of the 400 total participants (31.3% women; age 46.4 ± 4.3 years), 169 had normal LDL and HDL cholesterol. Abnormal lipoprotein particle values depended on the subtype: prevalence of abnormal LDL levels ranged from 8.3% to 36.7%; and of HDL, from 28.4% to 42.6%. High systolic blood pressure and total cholesterol were significantly associated with abnormal LDL levels. Male sex and high systolic blood pressure were associated with abnormalities in HDL. CONCLUSIONS An extended lipids profile, obtained by NMR, enables the identification of people with normal HDL-C and LDL-C levels who present abnormal levels of LDL-P and/or HDL-P. Higher total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, BMI and male sex were significantly associated with these abnormal values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Pallarés-Carratalá
- Health Surveillance Unit, Castellón Mutual Insurance Union, Castellon, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Jaume I University, Castellón, Spain
| | - Jose A Quesada
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernandez University, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Domingo Orozco-Beltrán
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernandez University, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Nuria Amigó-Grau
- Biosfer Teslab, Reus, SL, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adriana Lopez-Pineda
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernandez University, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Vicente F Gil-Guillén
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernandez University, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- Research Unit General University Hospital of Elda, Elda, Spain
| | - Xavier Correig
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Metabolomics Platform, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus-Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lluis Masana
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of research in lipids and arteriosclerosis (URLA), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Daniel Monleón
- Department of Pathology, Universidad de Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Research Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Josep Redón
- INCLIVA Research Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Reyes Pascual
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernandez University, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
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Athinarayanan SJ, Hallberg SJ, McKenzie AL, Lechner K, King S, McCarter JP, Volek JS, Phinney SD, Krauss RM. Impact of a 2-year trial of nutritional ketosis on indices of cardiovascular disease risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:208. [PMID: 33292205 PMCID: PMC7724865 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-01178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously reported that in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) consumption of a very low carbohydrate diet capable of inducing nutritional ketosis over 2 years (continuous care intervention, CCI) resulted in improved body weight, glycemic control, and multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) with the exception of an increase in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). In the present study, we report the impact of this intervention on markers of risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), with a focus on lipoprotein subfraction particle concentrations as well as carotid-artery intima-media thickness (CIMT). METHODS Analyses were performed in patients with T2D who completed 2 years of this study (CCI; n = 194; usual care (UC): n = 68). Lipoprotein subfraction particle concentrations were measured by ion mobility at baseline, 1, and 2 years and CIMT was measured at baseline and 2 years. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to assess changes in independent clusters of lipoprotein particles. RESULTS At 2 years, CCI resulted in a 23% decrease of small LDL IIIb and a 29% increase of large LDL I with no change in total LDL particle concentration or ApoB. The change in proportion of smaller and larger LDL was reflected by reversal of the small LDL subclass phenotype B in a high proportion of CCI participants (48.1%) and a shift in the principal component (PC) representing the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype characteristic of T2D from a major to a secondary component of the total variance. The increase in LDL-C in the CCI group was mainly attributed to larger cholesterol-enriched LDL particles. CIMT showed no change in either the CCI or UC group. CONCLUSION Consumption of a very low carbohydrate diet with nutritional ketosis for 2 years in patients with type 2 diabetes lowered levels of small LDL particles that are commonly increased in diabetic dyslipidemia and are a marker for heightened CVD risk. A corresponding increase in concentrations of larger LDL particles was responsible for higher levels of plasma LDL-C. The lack of increase in total LDL particles, ApoB, and in progression of CIMT, provide supporting evidence that this dietary intervention did not adversely affect risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah J Hallberg
- Virta Health, 501 Folsom Street, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA
- Indiana University Health Arnett, Lafayette, IN, USA
- Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Amy L McKenzie
- Virta Health, 501 Folsom Street, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA
| | - Katharina Lechner
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah King
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - James P McCarter
- Abbott Diabetes Care, Alameda, CA, 94502, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeff S Volek
- Virta Health, 501 Folsom Street, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Ronald M Krauss
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
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Starich MR, Tang J, Remaley AT, Tjandra N. Squeezing lipids: NMR characterization of lipoprotein particles under pressure. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 228:104874. [PMID: 31978380 PMCID: PMC7232691 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Determining the particle size and number of lipoprotein components found in blood plasma (HDL, LDL and VLDL) has become an important clinical tool in diagnosing risk of cardiovascular disease. Proton (1H) NMR spectroscopy methods to quantify lipoprotein particle subclasses have been advancing since NMR lineshape analysis of plasma samples was first proposed in the 1990's. NMR methods, including a more recent DOSY-based diffusion spectroscopy test, provide the foundation for the advanced lipoprotein tests, including Lipoprotein® and Liposcale® analyses available for clinical use to determine particle size and number. At the time of this submission, no NMR studies exist which explore physical parameters of individual lipoprotein fractions when they are deformed by pressure. This study reports 1H NMR frequency shifts and T2* measurements for the broad methyl peak attributed to terminal methyls (cholesteryl positions 26, 27 and terminal acyl methyl groups) in three primary lipoprotein fractions as a function of hydraulic pressure. This terminal CH3 resonance shifted linearly upfield as a function of pressure for HDL and VLDL (observed slopes of -0.014 Hz/bar). The LDL terminal CH3 resonance shows segmented behavior, with a shallow slope between 0-900 bar (-0.008 hz/bar) and a slope similar to HDL and VDL across the range from 1000 to 2400 bar (slope -0.016 Hz/bar). 1H T2* values measured for VLDL and HDL dropped linearly with increasing pressure. 1H T2* values for LDL demonstrated segmented behavior as a function of pressure. The unique behavior observed for LDL terminal CH3 frequency and 1H T2* trends suggests an approximate pressure at which phase transition occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary R Starich
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jingrong Tang
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nico Tjandra
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Kotur-Stevuljević J, Vekić J, Stefanović A, Zeljković A, Ninić A, Ivanišević J, Miljković M, Sopić M, Munjas J, Mihajlović M, Spasić S, Jelić-Ivanović Z, Spasojević-Kalimanovska V. Paraoxonase 1 and atherosclerosis-related diseases. Biofactors 2020; 46:193-205. [PMID: 31400246 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A direct and an indirect relationship between paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and atherosclerosis exists. Given PON1's physical location within high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles and its recognized enzyme activity, it is certainly reasonable to suggest that PON1 facilitates the antiatherogenic nature of HDL particles. PON1 also plays a role in regulating reverse cholesterol transport, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, vasodilative, and antithrombotic activities and several endothelial cell functions. HDL dysfunctionality is a more recent issue and seems to be centered on pathological conditions affecting HDL structure and size profiles. This review is focused on the role of PON1 status in different atherosclerosis-related diseases that we have studied over the last twenty years (coronary heart disease, acute ischemic stroke, diabetes mellitus type 2, end-stage renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and sarcoidosis) with the aim to determine the true value of PON1 as a biomarker. The role of PON1 in cancer is also covered, as risk factors and mechanisms underlying both atherosclerosis and cancer share common features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Kotur-Stevuljević
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekić
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanović
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljković
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Ninić
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Ivanišević
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Miljković
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miron Sopić
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Munjas
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Mihajlović
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica Spasić
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Jelić-Ivanović
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
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Choudhary MK, Eräranta A, Koskela J, Tikkakoski AJ, Nevalainen PI, Kähönen M, Mustonen J, Pörsti I. Atherogenic index of plasma is related to arterial stiffness but not to blood pressure in normotensive and never-treated hypertensive subjects. Blood Press 2019; 28:157-167. [PMID: 30821503 DOI: 10.1080/08037051.2019.1583060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), defined as the logarithm of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, is a strong predictor of future cardiovascular disease. Our aim was to examine the association of AIP with haemodynamic variables in normotensive and never-treated hypertensive subjects in a cross-sectional study. METHODS Supine haemodynamics in 615 subjects without antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications were examined using whole-body impedance cardiography and radial pulse wave analysis. Linear regression analysis was applied to investigate the association of AIP with haemodynamic variables and age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol consumption, plasma C-reactive protein, electrolytes, uric acid, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), estimated glomerular filtration rate, and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index. RESULTS The demographics and laboratory values of the study population were (mean ± 95% confidence interval): age 44.9 ± 1.0 years, BMI 26.8 ± 0.4 kg/m2, office blood pressure 140.6 ± 1.6/89.4 ± 1.0 mmHg, total cholesterol 5.2 ± 0.08, LDL-C 3.1 ± 0.08, triglycerides 1.2 ± 0.08, HDL-C 1.6 ± 0.04 mmol/l, and AIP -0.15 ± 0.02. Age (standardized coefficient Beta 0.508, p < .001) and aortic systolic blood pressure (Beta 0.239, p < .001) presented with the strongest associations with pulse wave velocity. However, AIP was also associated with pulse wave velocity (Beta 0.145, p < .001). AIP was not related with aortic or radial blood pressure, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, or augmentation index. CONCLUSIONS AIP is directly and independently associated with arterial stiffness, a variable strongly related to cardiovascular risk. This supports more widespread use of AIP in standard clinical cardiovascular disease risk evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Choudhary
- a Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology , Tampere University , Tampere , Finland
| | - Arttu Eräranta
- a Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology , Tampere University , Tampere , Finland
| | - Jenni Koskela
- a Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology , Tampere University , Tampere , Finland.,b Department of Internal Medicine , Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland
| | - Antti J Tikkakoski
- a Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology , Tampere University , Tampere , Finland.,c Department of Clinical Physiology , Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland
| | - Pasi I Nevalainen
- b Department of Internal Medicine , Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- a Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology , Tampere University , Tampere , Finland.,c Department of Clinical Physiology , Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland
| | - Jukka Mustonen
- a Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology , Tampere University , Tampere , Finland.,b Department of Internal Medicine , Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland
| | - Ilkka Pörsti
- a Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology , Tampere University , Tampere , Finland.,b Department of Internal Medicine , Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland
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Amor AJ, Pinyol M, Solà E, Catalan M, Cofán M, Herreras Z, Amigó N, Gilabert R, Sala-Vila A, Ros E, Ortega E. Relationship between noninvasive scores of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nuclear magnetic resonance lipoprotein abnormalities: A focus on atherogenic dyslipidemia. J Clin Lipidol 2017; 11:551-561.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Amor AJ, Catalan M, Pérez A, Herreras Z, Pinyol M, Sala-Vila A, Cofán M, Gilabert R, Ros E, Ortega E. Nuclear magnetic resonance lipoprotein abnormalities in newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes and their association with preclinical carotid atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2016; 247:161-9. [PMID: 26921744 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherogenic dyslipidemia is common in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and predicts cardiovascular disease, but information on the association of its components with atherosclerosis is scarce. We aimed to assess differences in the lipoprotein profile in newly-diagnosed T2DM and matched control individuals and their associations with preclinical carotid atherosclerosis. METHODS In a case-control study, we evaluated lipoprotein profiles by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and determined carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque presence (IMT ≥1.5 mm) by B-mode ultrasonography. RESULTS We assessed 96 T2DM patients (median age 63 years, 44% women, 19% smokers, 54% hypertension, 38% dyslipidemia) and 90 non-diabetic controls matched for age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors. In T2DM VLDL-particles (mainly large and enriched in cholesterol and triglycerides) were increased, and large HDL-particles (enriched in triglycerides and depleted in cholesterol) were reduced (p < 0.05; all comparisons). Regarding associations with preclinical atherosclerosis, VLDL triglyceride content (odds ratio [OR], 8.975; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.330-34.576), total number of VLDL particles (OR, 2.713; CI, 1.601-4.598) and VLDL size (OR, 2.044; CI, 1.320-3.166), and the ratio cholesterol/triglycerides in HDL (OR, 0.638; CI, 0.477-0.852) were associated with plaque burden (≥3 plaques) independently of confounders, including conventional lipid levels. CONCLUSION NMR-assessed advanced lipoprotein profile identifies lipid abnormalities associated with newly-diagnosed T2DM and preclinical atherosclerosis that are not captured by the traditional lipid profile. At this early stage of diabetes, NMR lipoproteins could be useful to identify candidates for a more comprehensive cardiovascular risk prevention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Amor
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Catalan
- Consorcio de Atención Primaria del Eixample (CAPSE), Grup Transversal de Recerca en Atenció Primària, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Pérez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red "Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas" (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Zoe Herreras
- Consorcio de Atención Primaria del Eixample (CAPSE), Grup Transversal de Recerca en Atenció Primària, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Pinyol
- Consorcio de Atención Primaria del Eixample (CAPSE), Grup Transversal de Recerca en Atenció Primària, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Montserrat Cofán
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Rosa Gilabert
- Vascular Unit, Centre de Diagnòstic per l'Imatge, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Emilio Ortega
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.
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Mallol R, Amigó N, Rodríguez MA, Heras M, Vinaixa M, Plana N, Rock E, Ribalta J, Yanes O, Masana L, Correig X. Liposcale: a novel advanced lipoprotein test based on 2D diffusion-ordered 1H NMR spectroscopy. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:737-746. [PMID: 25568061 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d050120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Determination of lipoprotein particle size and number using advanced lipoprotein tests (ALTs) is of particular importance to improve cardiovascular risk prediction. Here we present the Liposcale test, a novel ALT based on 2D diffusion-ordered (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Our method uses diffusion coefficients to provide a direct measure of the mean particle sizes and numbers. Using 177 plasma samples from healthy individuals and the concentration of ApoB and ApoA from isolated lipoprotein fractions, our test showed a stronger correlation between the NMR-derived lipoprotein particle numbers and apolipoprotein concentrations than the LipoProfile(®) test commercialized by Liposcience. We also converted LDL particle numbers to ApoB equivalents (milligrams per deciliter) and our test yielded similar values of LDL-ApoB to the LipoProfile(®) test (absolute mean bias of 8.5 and 7.4 mg/dl, respectively). In addition, our HDL particle number values were more concordant with the calibrated values determined recently using ion mobility. Finally, principal component analysis distinguished type 2 diabetic patients with and without atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) on a second cohort of 307 subjects characterized using the Liposcale test (area under the curve = 0.88) and showed concordant relationships between variables explaining AD. Altogether, our method provides reproducible and reliable characterization of lipoprotein particles and it is applicable to pathological states such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Mallol
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Biosfer Teslab, Reus, Spain.
| | - Núria Amigó
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Biosfer Teslab, Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel A Rodríguez
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Centre for Omic Sciences (COS) Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Mercedes Heras
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Maria Vinaixa
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Plana
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Edmond Rock
- UMMM, INRA-Theix, St. Genes Champanelle, France
| | - Josep Ribalta
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluís Masana
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Biosfer Teslab, Reus, Spain; Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Xavier Correig
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Biosfer Teslab, Reus, Spain
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Abstract
Advanced lipid testing has been suggested by some experts to identify patients with substantial residual risk for more aggressive targeting of lifestyle and pharmacologic therapies. It measures the subpopulation of lipoproteins and apolipoproteins, which include lipoprotein (a), apolipoprotein A-I, and apolipoprotein B, and measures of lipoprotein particle composition such as LDL particle (LPL-P) and HDL particle (HDL-P) number and size. Obesity is associated with smaller LDL-P and HDL-P sizes. Moderate weight loss via fasting/calorie restriction is associated with LDL-P size increase, whereas moderate weight loss via endurance exercise is associated with HDL-P size increase. Diets high in carbohydrates are associated with a more atherogenic advanced lipoprotein profile characterized by smaller LDL-P and HDL-P sizes. In summary, lifestyle changes such as weight loss, exercise, and dietary modification correlate with improvement in the profile of advanced lipoproteins. Regrettably, therapies targeting HDL and HDL composition have been disappointing to date.
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Mallol R, Rodriguez MA, Brezmes J, Masana L, Correig X. Human serum/plasma lipoprotein analysis by NMR: application to the study of diabetic dyslipidemia. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 70:1-24. [PMID: 23540574 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Mallol
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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