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Pires ALPV, Alves LDB, da Silva AM, Arsati F, Lima-Arsati YBDO, Dos Santos JN, Calumby RT, Freitas VS. Salivary biomarkers to evaluate psychological disorders in oral lichen planus: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2734-2746. [PMID: 36161740 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the use of salivary biomarkers to identify psychological disorders (anxiety, depression, and stress) in individuals with oral lichen planus (OLP). MATERIALS AND METHODS The search was made in Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library, ProQuest, and by cross-reference. Original case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies, in human subjects (age ≥18 years) with clinical and histopathological diagnosis, with or without the use of psychometric scales, published until June 2021, were included. Random-effects meta-analyses, subgroup analyses, and sensitivity were performed. Publication bias was measured using the Egger test and visual inspection of the funnel plot. RESULTS A total of 67 articles were found, of which 12 were included in the meta-analysis. Among the different biomarkers identified, it was only possible to perform a meta-analysis for cortisol. The mean difference between salivary cortisol levels in patients with OLP compared to controls was 3.43 ng/ml (95% CI: 1.20-5.65) with I2 = 98.9%. Studies considered outliers were removed and based on sensitivity analyses, results did not change, therefore, being stable. CONCLUSION The studies analyzed demonstrated that cortisol was the most quantified biomarker to identify psychological disorders; however, DHEA, IgA, adiponectin, and α-amylase were also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Franco Arsati
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brazil
| | | | - Jean Nunes Dos Santos
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Tripody Calumby
- Department of Exact Sciences, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brazil
| | - Valéria Souza Freitas
- Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brazil
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2
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Zhou Y, Liu Z. Saliva biomarkers in oral disease. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 548:117503. [PMID: 37536520 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Saliva is a versatile biofluid that contains a wide variety of biomarkers reflecting both physiologic and pathophysiologic states. Saliva collection is noninvasive and highly applicable for tests requiring serial sampling. Furthermore, advances in test accuracy, sensitivity and precision for saliva has improved diagnostic performance as well as the identification of novel markers especially in oral disease processes. These include dental caries, periodontitis, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Numerous growth factors, enzymes, interleukins and cytokines have been identified and are the subject of much research investigation. This review highlights current procedures for successful determination of saliva biomarkers including preanalytical factors associated with sampling, storage and pretreatment as well as subsequent analysis. Moreover, it provides an overview of the diagnostic applications of these salivary biomarkers in common oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Zhou
- Wenzhou Medical University Renji College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhenqi Liu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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A Case Series of Psychological Stress Evaluation as a Risk Factor for Oral Lichen Planus. Case Rep Dent 2022; 2022:1915122. [PMID: 36249078 PMCID: PMC9560820 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1915122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa with unknown etiology. Suggested predisposing factors for the development of OLP include genetic factors, viral infections, psychological stress, trauma, drug intake, and some systemic diseases. This serial case aimed to evaluate the psychological stress in triggering various types of OLP and its management. Case Report. Six patients, four females and two males with an age range from 23 to 57 years, came to an oral medicine clinic with chief complaints of chronic pain and burning sensations in the oral cavity. All cases showed typical clinical features of OLP on the oral mucosa, including reticular, plaque-like, erosive, and ulcerative lesions. An incisional biopsy was performed in some cases and the histopathology features confirmed the diagnosis of OLP with no signs of dysplasia/malignancy. According to the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS)-21, the patients had different levels of depression ranging from mild to severe; 3 patients were considered to have moderate anxiety and others had severe anxiety; and 5 patients experienced mild stress and 1 patient had moderate stress. The patients were given corticosteroids, supportive therapy, and psychological counseling. All patients experienced significant improvement of the lesions after treatment. CONCLUSION Psychological stressors play an essential role as a risk factor in the development of OLP. Therefore, management of OLP encompasses not only an appropriate treatment of the lesions but also psychological intervention.
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Shi Y, Wang S, Yu S, Lin GN, Song W. Psychological factors as the risk factor of mouth ulcers: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. J Health Psychol 2021; 27:1556-1568. [PMID: 33673741 DOI: 10.1177/1359105321999697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine whether psychological traits (PT) had causal effects on Mouth Ulcers (MU), we applied two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to genetics association summary statistics of eleven PT and MU. After the adjustment of outlier variants, genetic correlations and multiple testing, well-being (WB) spectrum PT like life satisfactory (odds ratio [OR] = 0.638 per one standard deviation increment of PT score) had protective effects on MU. Reverse WB traits like neuroticism (OR = 1.60) increased the risk of MU. The lack of well-being characteristics may increase the risk of MU, which highlighted the value of preventive oral care for people who have a reverse mental condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqi Shi
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology
| | - Shaoyi Wang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology
| | - Shunying Yu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, China
| | - Guan Ning Lin
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, China
| | - Weichen Song
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, China
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Wang Z, Cao H, Xiong J, Lu Y, Deng Y, Nan H, Zheng S, Ye H, Cao Z. Recent advances in the aetiology of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). Postgrad Med J 2021; 98:57-66. [PMID: 33574180 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-139421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common disease of oral mucosa, which almost attacks each individual once in their lifespan. Although plenty of factors have been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of RAS, the aetiology of RAS is still controversial, which might lead to limited clinical therapies in accordance with each RAS patient. This review mainly illustrates recent advances in potential causes associated with RAS in detail. Deeper comprehension of the aetiology of RAS will support doctors and researchers to make a better management of RAS patients and to discover new treatments. The aetiology of RAS is complicated, hence we should take a comprehensive view into its aetiology, with multiple potential factors being considered. Sample collection of RAS patients have greatly limited the progress in the aetiology of RAS. A research model of multiagency cooperation can help achieve perfect sample collection of year-round and multiposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Wang
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haibo Cao
- Clinical Medicine School, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Jianqi Xiong
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yilong Lu
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yixiao Deng
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Han Nan
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shutian Zheng
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhensheng Cao
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Diago-Galmés A, Guillamón-Escudero C, Tenías-Burillo JM, Soriano JM, Fernández-Garrido J. Salivary Testosterone and Cortisol as Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10020093. [PMID: 33513704 PMCID: PMC7911312 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Sarcopenia (S) and sarcopenic obesity (SO) are diseases that increasingly affect society and constitute an important part of the pathologies that affect elderly due to the high life expectancies of the current population. The search for accessible, inexpensive, and noninvasive biomarkers that can help diagnose these diseases quickly and easily is a new field that deserves an in-depth study. The aim of this study was to find relationships between salivary cortisol (C) and testosterone (T) levels and these pathologies’ appearance in 190 community-dwelling men and women over 65 years old. The results reflect a relationship between salivary T and the age of the participants with differences by sex, and a relationship was found between lower levels of T and a greater presence of S and SO. Despite the significant results obtained, more studies are necessary to determine a potential panel of salivary biomarkers for the study of S and SO. Abstract Nowadays, the appearance of sarcopenia (S) or sarcopenic obesity (SO) is related to aging. According to the criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), the feasibility of using salivary cortisol and testosterone levels was analyzed as diagnostic biomarkers of S or SO. One hundred and ninety non-institutionalized people aged ≥65 years were studied, independent of the activities of daily living (ADLs) (Barthel > 60), and sociodemographic variables were determined together with criteria for the diagnosis of S and SO including grip force, lower body strength, appendicular skeletal muscle mass, physical performance, total body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and triceps skinfold, together with the levels of salivary cortisol and testosterone. Our results reflected that women presented a higher prevalence of S and SO (21.2% and 30.2%, respectively). A significant difference was observed between salivary testosterone levels and the age of the participants with differences by sex. Testosterone values in men with S and SO were significantly lower (p = 0.043 and p = 0.048, respectively), which suggests a potential use of the biomarker for diagnostic purposes. No significant differences were shown with cortisol values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jose M. Soriano
- Food & Health Lab, Institute of Materials Science, University of Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain
- Joint Research Unit on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, University of Valencia-Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963543056
| | - Julio Fernández-Garrido
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain;
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Zarabadipour M, Mirzaei M, Mirzadeh M. Evaluation the relationship between psychological profile and salivary cortisol in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.318945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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8
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Sushanthi LC, Ramani P, Ramasubramanian A, Gheena S, Krishnan R. Serum cortisol levels in lichen planus: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Indian J Dermatol 2021; 66:654-659. [PMID: 35283522 PMCID: PMC8906305 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_95_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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9
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Melguizo-Rodríguez L, Costela-Ruiz VJ, Manzano-Moreno FJ, Ruiz C, Illescas-Montes R. Salivary Biomarkers and Their Application in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of the Most Common Oral Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145173. [PMID: 32708341 PMCID: PMC7403990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Saliva is a highly versatile biological fluid that is easy to gather in a non-invasive manner—and the results of its analysis complement clinical and histopathological findings in the diagnosis of multiple diseases. The objective of this review was to offer an update on the contribution of salivary biomarkers to the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases of the oral cavity, including oral lichen planus, periodontitis, Sjögren’s syndrome, oral leukoplakia, peri-implantitis, and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Salivary biomarkers such as interleukins, growth factors, enzymes, and other biomolecules have proven useful in the diagnosis and follow-up of these diseases, facilitating the early evaluation of malignization risk and the monitoring of disease progression and response to treatment. However, further studies are required to identify new biomarkers and verify their reported role in the diagnosis and/or prognosis of oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Melguizo-Rodríguez
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences (Ceuta), University of Granada, 51001 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (V.J.C.-R.); (F.J.M.-M.); (R.I.-M.)
| | - Victor J. Costela-Ruiz
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (V.J.C.-R.); (F.J.M.-M.); (R.I.-M.)
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Manzano-Moreno
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (V.J.C.-R.); (F.J.M.-M.); (R.I.-M.)
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Concepción Ruiz
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (V.J.C.-R.); (F.J.M.-M.); (R.I.-M.)
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958243497
| | - Rebeca Illescas-Montes
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (V.J.C.-R.); (F.J.M.-M.); (R.I.-M.)
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
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10
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Manczyk B, Gołda J, Biniak A, Reszelewska K, Mazur B, Zając K, Bińczak P, Chomyszyn-Gajewska M, Oruba Z. Evaluation of depression, anxiety and stress levels in patients with oral lichen planus. J Oral Sci 2019; 61:391-397. [PMID: 31178457 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.18-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP) remains to be fully elucidated; however, certain psychoneurological factors may influence the onset and exacerbation of OLP. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the intensity of negative emotions in patients with OLP. A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was performed. The sample consisted of 52 subjects, comprising 26 patients with OLP (OLP group) and 26 controls (CTRL group). The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) was used for psychometric evaluation. The patients were also asked about their attitude toward the disease, treatment, and interference of the disease on daily life. The mean level of depression was 12.54 ± 6.6 in the OLP group and 7.69 ± 5.22 in the CTRL group (P = 0.006). The mean level of anxiety was 11.15 ± 7.95 in the OLP group and 6.62 ± 4.86 in the CTRL group (P = 0.018). The mean stress levels were 8.69 ± 7.06 and 3.85 ± 3.18 in the OLP and CTRL groups, respectively (P = 0.003). Severe and very severe scores of depression and very severe scores of anxiety and stress were present in the OLP group, whereas these emotions were normal in the majority of controls. Depression, stress, and anxiety may be involved in the pathogenesis and course of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Manczyk
- Central Ambulatory, University Dental Clinic.,Student Research Group, Chair of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College
| | - Joanna Gołda
- Student Research Group, Chair of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College
| | - Agnieszka Biniak
- Student Research Group, Chair of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College
| | - Katarzyna Reszelewska
- Student Research Group, Chair of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College
| | - Bernadetta Mazur
- Student Research Group, Chair of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College
| | - Karolina Zając
- Student Research Group, Chair of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College
| | - Paulina Bińczak
- Student Research Group, Chair of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College
| | - Maria Chomyszyn-Gajewska
- Chair of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College
| | - Zuzanna Oruba
- Chair of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College
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Salivary Cortisol Levels in Patients with Oral Lichen Planus-A Pilot Case-Control Study. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:dj7020059. [PMID: 31159372 PMCID: PMC6631431 DOI: 10.3390/dj7020059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
It is known that cortisol level increases in stress situations. The aim of the study was to measure the levels of salivary cortisol in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and healthy controls. This was a case-control pilot study which included seven patients with reticular (non-symptomatic) OLP, eight patients with atrophic/erosive (symptomatic) OLP, and nine healthy controls. We hypothesized that patients with an atrophic/erosive type of OLP have higher levels of cortisol compared to patients with the reticular type of OLP and healthy controls. In each participant, unstimulated saliva was collected in order to determine cortisol levels by using commercially available ELISA kit. Our results have shown no differences between levels of salivary cortisol in OLP patients and healthy controls. We can conclude that further research with a larger number of OLP patients is needed to determine the correlation between OLP and stress.
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Lopez-Jornet P, Zavattaro E, Mozaffari HR, Ramezani M, Sadeghi M. Evaluation of the Salivary Level of Cortisol in Patients with Oral Lichen Planus: A Meta-Analysis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2019; 55:E213. [PMID: 31137861 PMCID: PMC6571959 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55050213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective: Cortisol, as the main human glucocorticoid, is considered to be a biological marker of stress and anxiety. Since it is known that oral lichen planus (OLP) can appear and worsen during stressful events, cortisol levels have been previously studied in OLP patients. The present meta-analysis aims to assess the salivary concentration of cortisol in OLP patients compared to healthy controls. Materials and methods: Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases were searched up to October 2018. The RevMan 5.3 software was used with the mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The CMA 2.0 Software was used to evaluate the publication bias, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression as possible sources of heterogeneity. Results: 10 studies were analyzed and a total of 269 OLP patients and 268 controls were included. The pooled MD of the salivary levels of cortisol in OLP patients compared with controls was 4.27 ng/mL (95% CI: 2.33, 6.21; P < 0.0001), thus, the salivary level of cortisol in OLP patients was significantly higher than in controls. In Indian-based population studies, a significant difference in the salivary cortisol levels in OLP patients compared with controls was detected (MD = 5.62 ng/mL; 95% CI: 2.67, 8.56; P = 0.0002). In addition, a significant difference in the salivary cortisol levels in the OLP patients compared with the controls was obtained in studies performed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method (MD = 5.33 ng/mL; 95% CI: 2.72, 7.93; P < 0.0001). Conclusion: We suggest that supportive psychological treatment together with the conventional therapy could increase patients' capability to prevent stress, anxiety, and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Lopez-Jornet
- Facultad de Medicina y Odontologia Universidad de Murcia, Hospital Morales Meseguer, Clinica Odontologic Adv Marques Velez s/n, 30008 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Elisa Zavattaro
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont "Amedeo Avogadro", 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | - Hamid Reza Mozaffari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6713954658, Iran.
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415185, Iran.
| | - Mazaher Ramezani
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415153, Iran.
| | - Masoud Sadeghi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415185, Iran.
- Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran.
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13
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Humberto JSM, Pavanin JV, Rocha MJAD, Motta ACF. Cytokines, cortisol, and nitric oxide as salivary biomarkers in oral lichen planus: a systematic review. Braz Oral Res 2018; 32:e82. [PMID: 30110084 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiopathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP) is still not fully elucidated, and it is believed that its development could involve a neuro-immune-endocrine profile. This systematic review investigated the relationship between cytokines, cortisol, and nitric oxide (NO) in the saliva of OLP patients. An electronic search was conducted in Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, LIVIVO, and Web of Science databases with no restriction of language to identify studies published up to December 2017. Data extraction was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 140 articles were retrieved, and 32 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria (cytokines = 17; cortisol = 9; NO = 6). The most studied cytokines in the saliva of OLP patients were interleukins IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-ү, and TNF-α, which were higher in OLP patients than in healthy controls (HC). Salivary cortisol was found to be higher in OLP than in HC in most (55.5%) of the selected studies, and all studies related to NO found higher levels of this marker in OLP than in HC. Despite controversial results, our review suggests that OLP patients have an increased inflammatory response, as indicated by the proinflammatory profile of salivary cytokines. In addition, we conclude that salivary cytokine and NO measurements may have significant diagnostic and prognostic potential for monitoring disease activity and therapeutic responses in OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Silva Martins Humberto
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Morphology, Physiology, and Basic Pathology, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Veronezi Pavanin
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Stomatology, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria José Alves da Rocha
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Morphology, Physiology, and Basic Pathology, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Fragoso Motta
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Stomatology, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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14
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Joseph PV, Davidson HR, Boulineaux CM, Fourie NH, Franks AT, Abey SK, Henderson WA. Eating Behavior, Stress, and Adiposity: Discordance Between Perception and Physiology. Biol Res Nurs 2018; 20:531-540. [PMID: 29852756 DOI: 10.1177/1099800418779460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to examine the interrelationships among stress, eating behavior, and adiposity in a cohort of normal- and overweight individuals. Clinical markers of physiological stress (fasting serum cortisol) and adiposity (body mass index [BMI] and percent body fat) were obtained from participants selected for a natural history protocol ( n = 107). Self-reported data on eating behavior (using the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire subscales such as Cognitive Restraint, Disinhibition, and Hunger) and psychological stress (via the Perceived Stress Scale) were evaluated. Demographic information was incorporated using principal component analysis, which revealed sex- and weight-based differences in stress, adiposity, and eating behavior measures. Following a cross-sectional and descriptive analysis, significant correlations were found between the Disinhibition and Hunger eating behavior subscales and measures of adiposity including BMI ( r = .30, p = .002 and r = .20, p = .036, respectively) and percent body fat ( r = .43, p = .000 and r = .22, p = .022, respectively). Relationships between stress measures and eating behavior were also evident in the analysis. Disinhibition and Hunger correlated positively with perceived stress ( r = .32, p .001 and r = .26, p = .008, respectively). However, Disinhibition varied inversely with serum cortisol levels ( r = -.25, p = .009). Future studies are warranted to better understand this paradox underlying the effects of perceived and physiological stress on eating behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paule V Joseph
- 1 Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hannah R Davidson
- 1 Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christina M Boulineaux
- 2 Digestive Disorders Unit, Division of Intramural Research, Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nicolaas H Fourie
- 2 Digestive Disorders Unit, Division of Intramural Research, Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexis T Franks
- 1 Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sarah K Abey
- 2 Digestive Disorders Unit, Division of Intramural Research, Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wendy A Henderson
- 2 Digestive Disorders Unit, Division of Intramural Research, Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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15
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The Use of Ropivacaine in Therapeutic Treatment of Oral Aphthosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:1868254. [PMID: 29713640 PMCID: PMC5866890 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1868254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The use of anaesthetic drugs in the treatment of oral aphthosis is one of the pharmaceutical possibilities that a doctor can use for the most painful forms. Normally, Lidocaine or Diclofenac is used to treat this disease, but they can be used for a very limited time and so they are of little practical use. In this study, the authors have used Ropivacaine whose pharmaceutical kinetics allows the analgesic effect to be active for 60 to 90 minutes. In our research, we compared 8 groups of patients who have been given 3 principal pharmaceutical products: one group was given an anaesthetic drug, one had a topical medication administered which is often used for the treatment of aphthous lesions, and the last group was given a multivitamin. These pharmaceutical products were used alone and in various possible combinations in the 8 groups. The results of this study are very interesting and show that in all the groups that used anaesthetics there was more satisfaction on the patients' part because their pain level became more manageable right after the first application of the drug and the patients could carry on with their normal lives.
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16
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Saikaly SK, Saikaly TS, Saikaly LE. Recurrent aphthous ulceration: a review of potential causes and novel treatments. J DERMATOL TREAT 2018; 29:542-552. [PMID: 29278022 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2017.1422079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of article: This review examines studies published between May 2012 and 2017 with a specific interest in potential recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU) etiologies and treatment modalities/efficacy, including topical treatments, systemic regimens, vitamin repletion, and laser therapy, among others. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed MEDLINE and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched using various combinations of: 'aphthous', 'ulcer', and 'treatment'. The titles and abstracts from the initial literature search were appraised to identify articles for full review and reference sections from each article were searched manually for relevant publications. Both randomized controlled trials and observational reports were included in this review, as some treatment types have not been formally examined in randomized trials. Relevant studies were reviewed, compared, and summarized. RESULTS RAU can result from systemic disease and trauma, but recent studies have shown a variety of potential etiologies, ranging from vitamin deficiencies, oral microbiota derangements, hematological considerations, stress, genetic polymorphisms to oxidant-antioxidant imbalances, among others. Many modalities of therapy are available and have proven efficacious. CONCLUSIONS As the exact etiology of RAU is still unknown, therapy is based on symptomatic relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Kameel Saikaly
- a Orlando Regional Medical Center , Orlando , FL , USA.,b University of Central Florida College of Medicine , Orlando , FL , USA
| | - Tanya Siham Saikaly
- c University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry , Birmingham , AL , USA
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17
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Yang S, Zhang B, Shi Q, Liu J, Xu J, Huo N. Association of IL-6-174 G/C and IL10-1082 G/A polymorphisms with recurrent aphthous stomatitis risk: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e9533. [PMID: 29384969 PMCID: PMC6392591 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common oral disease with unknown etiology. The association between IL-6-174 G/C and IL10-1082 G/A polymorphisms and the risk of RAS remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to gain more evidence-based information. METHODS Four online databases, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, were searched, and the relevant publications were collected. An odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was applied to assess the association of the IL-6-174 G/C and IL10-1082 G/A polymorphisms with RAS susceptibility. RESULTS Nine published case-control studies with 779 patients and 1016 controls were collected. The overall analysis proved that the IL10-1082 G/A polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk of RAS in a dominant model (GG + AG vs AA: OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.10-2.01, P = .01). A subgroup analysis based on ethnicity revealed significant associations in Asian populations in allelic, heterozygote, and dominant models (G vs A: OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.04-2.31, P = .03; AG vs AA: OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.16-2.67, P = .01; GG + AG vs AA: OR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.37-3.03, P = .00). The association in Caucasians and people of mixed ethnicity requires further study. No significant association was detected between the IL-6-174 G/C polymorphism and RAS in any of the genetic models. However, subgroup analysis by ethnicity revealed that the Caucasians were more likely to develop RAS in 4 genetic models (G vs C: OR = 2.36, 95% CI = 1.26-4.41, P = .01; GG vs CC: OR = 7.05, 95% CI = 3.50-14.18, P = .00; GG + CG vs CC: OR = 4.28, 95% CI = 2.17-8.45, P = .00; GG vs CG + CC: OR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.05-6.41, P = .04). In addition, a significantly decreased risk of RAS susceptibility was found in Asians (CG vs CC: OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.07-0.99, P = .049; GG + CG vs CC: OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.07-0.98, P = .047). CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis indicated that the IL10-1082 G/A polymorphism is associated with RAS susceptibility, especially in Asians. In contrast, the IL-6-174 G/C polymorphism does not have a statistically significant association with RAS susceptibility. However, it may play a different role during the development of RAS in different ethnicities.
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18
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Rezaei F, Aminian M, Raygani AV. Evaluation of Salivary Cortisol Changes and Psychological Profiles in Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis. Contemp Clin Dent 2017; 8:259-263. [PMID: 28839413 PMCID: PMC5551332 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_165_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Some studies suggest that psychological condition and stress can play role in the development of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). The purpose of this study was to evaluate salivary cortisol changes and psychological conditions in patients with RAS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-seven patients (13 males and 14 females, mean age of 32.8 (±10.2) years) with minor RAS and 27 age- and sex-matched controls without RAS participated in this study. The concentration of cortisol (nanomole/L) was measured in samples of unstimulated saliva from patients and controls two times; once during the presence of active lesions and once again when the lesions had healed by immunologic assay. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was employed to determine psychological condition. Visual analog scale for pain severity was recorded for patients with active lesions episode. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software (version 18.0) using paired and unpaired t-tests and Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS Salivary cortisol level was lower in patients during active lesions (12.4 ± 5.1) and healing (10.5 ± 3.9) episodes compared to the controls (13.1 ± 3.6) (P = 0.583, P = 0.015; respectively). There was no significant difference in salivary cortisol between active lesions and healing episodes (P = 0.943). Anxiety and depression represented no significant differences between active lesions and healing episodes (P > 0.05). Anxiety and depression levels in patients were significantly higher than in controls (P < 0.05). Pain severity in active lesions was not significantly correlated to salivary cortisol level, and anxiety or depression scores (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The findings showed that occurrence of RAS was associated with anxiety and depression but not with alterations of salivary cortisol level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rezaei
- Department of Oral Medicines School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maziar Aminian
- Department of Oral Medicines School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Asad Vaisi Raygani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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