1
|
Alhajahjeh A, Al-Faouri R, Bahmad HF, Bader T, Dobbs RW, Abdulelah AA, Abou-Kheir W, Davicioni E, Lee DI, Shahait M. From Diabetes to Oncology: Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonist's Dual Role in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1538. [PMID: 38672620 PMCID: PMC11048615 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone renowned for its role in post-meal blood sugar regulation and glucose-dependent insulin secretion, has gained attention as a novel treatment for diabetes through GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1-RA). Despite their efficacy, concerns have been raised regarding the potential associations between GLP-1-RA and certain malignancies, including medullary thyroid cancer. However, evidence of its association with prostate cancer (PCa) remains inconclusive. This review delves into the intricate relationship between GLP-1-RA and PCa, exploring the mechanisms through which GLP-1-Rs may impact PCa cells. We discuss the potential pathways involving cAMP, ERK, AMPK, mTOR, and P27. Furthermore, we underscore the imperative for additional research to elucidate the impact of GLP-1-RA treatment on PCa progression, patient outcomes, and potential interactions with existing therapies. Translational studies and clinical trials are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the role of GLP-1-RA in PCa management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Alhajahjeh
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11190, Jordan;
- King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Internal Medicine Department, Amman 11190, Jordan;
| | - Raad Al-Faouri
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02120, USA;
| | - Hisham F. Bahmad
- Arkadi M. Rywlin Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA;
| | - Taima’ Bader
- King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Internal Medicine Department, Amman 11190, Jordan;
| | - Ryan W. Dobbs
- Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Ahmed A. Abdulelah
- Edinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK;
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon;
| | | | - David I. Lee
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA;
| | - Mohammed Shahait
- School of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Greco M, Munir A, Musarò D, Coppola C, Maffia M. Restoring autophagic function: a case for type 2 diabetes mellitus drug repurposing in Parkinson's disease. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1244022. [PMID: 38027497 PMCID: PMC10654753 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1244022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a predominantly idiopathic pathological condition characterized by protein aggregation phenomena, whose main component is alpha-synuclein. Although the main risk factor is ageing, numerous evidence points to the role of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as an etiological factor. Systemic alterations classically associated with T2DM like insulin resistance and hyperglycemia modify biological processes such as autophagy and mitochondrial homeostasis. High glucose levels also compromise protein stability through the formation of advanced glycation end products, promoting protein aggregation processes. The ability of antidiabetic drugs to act on pathways impaired in both T2DM and PD suggests that they may represent a useful tool to counteract the neurodegeneration process. Several clinical studies now in advanced stages are looking for confirmation in this regard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Greco
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Anas Munir
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Debora Musarò
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Chiara Coppola
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Michele Maffia
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kimani CN, Reuter H, Kotzé SH, Muller CJF. Regeneration of Pancreatic Beta Cells by Modulation of Molecular Targets Using Plant-Derived Compounds: Pharmacological Mechanisms and Clinical Potential. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6216-6245. [PMID: 37623211 PMCID: PMC10453321 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, increased cell death and loss of beta-cell mass despite chronic treatment. Consequently, there has been growing interest in developing beta cell-centered therapies. Beta-cell regeneration is mediated by augmented beta-cell proliferation, transdifferentiation of other islet cell types to functional beta-like cells or the reprograming of beta-cell progenitors into fully differentiated beta cells. This mediation is orchestrated by beta-cell differentiation transcription factors and the regulation of the cell cycle machinery. This review investigates the beta-cell regenerative potential of antidiabetic plant extracts and phytochemicals. Various preclinical studies, including in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo studies, are highlighted. Further, the potential regenerative mechanisms and the intra and extracellular mediators that are of significance are discussed. Also, the potential of phytochemicals to translate into regenerative therapies for T2D patients is highlighted, and some suggestions regarding future perspectives are made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clare Njoki Kimani
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Helmuth Reuter
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Sanet Henriët Kotzé
- Division of Clinical Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ross University, Basseterre P.O. Box 334, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Christo John Fredrick Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lodato M, Plaisance V, Pawlowski V, Kwapich M, Barras A, Buissart E, Dalle S, Szunerits S, Vicogne J, Boukherroub R, Abderrahmani A. Venom Peptides, Polyphenols and Alkaloids: Are They the Next Antidiabetics That Will Preserve β-Cell Mass and Function in Type 2 Diabetes? Cells 2023; 12:cells12060940. [PMID: 36980281 PMCID: PMC10047094 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Improvement of insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells and preservation of their mass are the current challenges that future antidiabetic drugs should meet for achieving efficient and long-term glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The successful development of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogues, derived from the saliva of a lizard from the Helodermatidae family, has provided the proof of concept that antidiabetic drugs directly targeting pancreatic β-cells can emerge from venomous animals. The literature reporting on the antidiabetic effects of medicinal plants suggests that they contain some promising active substances such as polyphenols and alkaloids, which could be active as insulin secretagogues and β-cell protectors. In this review, we discuss the potential of several polyphenols, alkaloids and venom peptides from snake, frogs, scorpions and cone snails. These molecules could contribute to the development of new efficient antidiabetic medicines targeting β-cells, which would tackle the progression of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Lodato
- University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Valérie Plaisance
- University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Valérie Pawlowski
- University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Maxime Kwapich
- University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
- Service de Diabétologie et d’Endocrinologie, CH Dunkerque, 59385 Dunkirk, France
| | - Alexandre Barras
- University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Emeline Buissart
- University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Stéphane Dalle
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jérôme Vicogne
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Amar Abderrahmani
- University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-362531704
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Development of a red fluorescent protein-based cGMP indicator applicable for live-cell imaging. Commun Biol 2022; 5:833. [PMID: 36064581 PMCID: PMC9445041 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03790-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic guanosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cGMP) is a second messenger that regulates a variety of physiological processes. Here, we develop a red fluorescent protein-based cGMP indicator, "Red cGull". The fluorescence intensity of Red cGull increase more than sixfold in response to cGMP. The features of this indicator include an EC50 of 0.33 μM for cGMP, an excitation and emission peak at 567 nm and 591 nm, respectively. Live-cell imaging analysis reveal the utility of Red cGull for dual-colour imaging and its ability to be used in conjunction with optogenetics tools. Using enteroendocrine cell lines, Red cGull detects an increase in cGMP following the application of L-arginine. An increase in intracellular cGMP is found to be inhibited by Ca2+, and L-arginine-mediated hormone secretion is not potentiated. We propose that Red cGull will facilitate future research in cell signalling in relation to cGMP and its interplay with other signalling molecules.
Collapse
|
6
|
Shah MA, Haris M, Faheem HI, Hamid A, Yousaf R, Rasul A, Shah GM, Khalil AAK, Wahab A, Khan H, Alhasani RH, Althobaiti NA. Cross-Talk between Obesity and Diabetes: Introducing Polyphenols as an Effective Phytomedicine to Combat the Dual Sword Diabesity. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1523-1542. [PMID: 35762558 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220628123224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
: Obesity-associated diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic affliction accounting for 90% of all diabetic patients, has been affecting humanity extremely badly and escalating the risk of developing other serious disorders. It is observed that 0.4 billion people globally have diabetes, whose major cause is obesity. Currently, innumerable synthetic drugs like alogliptin and rosiglitazone are being used to get through diabetes, but they have certain complications, restrictions with severe side effects, and toxicity issues. Recently, the frequency of plant-derived phytochemicals as advantageous substitutes against diabesity is increasing progressively due to their unparalleled benefit of producing less side effects and toxicity. Of these phytochemicals, dietary polyphenols have been accepted as potent agents against the dual sword "diabesity". These polyphenols target certain genes and molecular pathways through dual mechanisms such as adiponectin upregulation, cannabinoid receptor antagonism, free fatty acid oxidation, ghrelin antagonism, glucocorticoid inhibition, sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibition, oxidative stress and inflammation inhibition etc. which sequentially help to combat both diabetes and obesity. In this review, we have summarized the most beneficial natural polyphenols along with their complex molecular pathways during diabesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Haris
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiza Ishmal Faheem
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Hamid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rimsha Yousaf
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mujtaba Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.,Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Atif Ali Khan Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wahab
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Reem Hasaballah Alhasani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, 21961 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A Althobaiti
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities-Al Quwaiiyah, Shaqra University, Al Quwaiiyah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mayendraraj A, Rosenkilde MM, Gasbjerg LS. GLP-1 and GIP receptor signaling in beta cells - A review of receptor interactions and co-stimulation. Peptides 2022; 151:170749. [PMID: 35065096 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) are two class B1 G protein-coupled receptors, which are stimulated by the gastrointestinal hormones GLP-1 and GIP, respectively. In the pancreatic beta cells, activation of both receptors lead to increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and glucose-dependent insulin secretion. Marketed GLP-1R agonists such as dulaglutide, liraglutide, exenatide and semaglutide constitute an expanding drug class with beneficial effects for persons suffering from type 2 diabetes and/or obesity. In recent years another drug class, the GLP-1R-GIPR co-agonists, has emerged. Especially the peptide-based, co-agonist tirzepatide is a promising candidate for a better treatment of type 2 diabetes by improving glycemic control and weight reduction. The mechanism of action for tirzepatide include biased signaling of the GLP-1R as well as potent GIPR signaling. Since the implications of co-targeting these closely related receptors concomitantly are challenging to study in vivo, the pharmacodynamic mechanisms and downstream signaling pathways of the GLP-1R-GIPR co-agonists in general, are not fully elucidated. In this review, we present the individual signaling pathways for GLP-1R and GIPR in the pancreatic beta cell with a focus on the shared signaling pathways of the two receptors and interpret the implications of GLP-1R-GIPR co-activation in the light of recent co-activating therapeutic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Mayendraraj
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette M Rosenkilde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lærke S Gasbjerg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zheng W, Li L, Li H. Phytochemicals modulate pancreatic islet β cell function through glucagon-like peptide-1-related mechanisms. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 197:114817. [PMID: 34717897 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor-based therapies have been developed and extensively applied in clinical practice. GLP-1 plays an important role in improving glycemic homeostasis by stimulating insulin biosynthesis and secretion, suppressing glucagon activity, delaying gastric emptying, and reducing appetite and food ingestion. Furthermore, GLP-1 has positive effects on β-cell function by promoting β-cell proliferation and neogenesis while simultaneously reducing apoptosis. Here, we summarize possible mechanisms of action of GLP-1 upon pancreatic islets as well as describe phytochemicals that modulate pancreatic islet β cell function through glucagon-like peptide-1-related mechanisms. Together, this information provides potential lead compound candidates against diabetes that function as GLP-1 receptor-based pharmacotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanfang Zheng
- Institute of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghuan Li
- Institute of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanbing Li
- Institute of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China; Section of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven 06520, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wieland FC, Sthijns MMJPE, Geuens T, van Blitterswijk CA, LaPointe VLS. The Role of Pancreatic Alpha Cells and Endothelial Cells in the Reduction of Oxidative Stress in Pseudoislets. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:729057. [PMID: 34568302 PMCID: PMC8458707 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.729057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic beta cells have inadequate levels of antioxidant enzymes, and the damage induced by oxidative stress poses a challenge for their use in a therapy for patients with type 1 diabetes. It is known that the interaction of the pancreatic endocrine cells with support cells can improve their survival and lead to less vulnerability to oxidative stress. Here we investigated alpha (alpha TC-1), beta (INS1E) and endothelial (HUVEC) cells assembled into aggregates known as pseudoislets as a model of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. We hypothesised that the coculture of alpha, beta and endothelial cells would be protective against oxidative stress. First, we showed that adding endothelial cells decreased the percentage of oxidative stress-positive cells. We then asked if the number of endothelial cells or the size (number of cells) of the pseudoislet could increase the protection against oxidative stress. However, no additional benefit was observed by those changes. On the other hand, we identified a potential supportive effect of the alpha cells in reducing oxidative stress in beta and endothelial cells. We were able to link this to the incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) by showing that the absence of alpha cells in the pseudoislet caused increased oxidative stress, but the addition of GLP-1 could restore this. Together, these results provide important insights into the roles of alpha and endothelial cells in protecting against oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik C Wieland
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mireille M J P E Sthijns
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Geuens
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Clemens A van Blitterswijk
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Vanessa L S LaPointe
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pereira de Arruda EH, Vieira da Silva GL, da Rosa-Santos CA, Arantes VC, de Barros Reis MA, Colodel EM, Gaspar de Moura E, Lisboa PC, Carneiro EM, Damazo AS, Latorraca MQ. Protein restriction during pregnancy impairs intra-islet GLP-1 and the expansion of β-cell mass. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110977. [PMID: 32791189 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated whether protein restriction during pregnancy alters the morphometry of pancreatic islets, the intra-islet glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) production, and the anti-apoptotic signalling pathway modulated by GLP-1. Control non-pregnant (CNP) and control pregnant (CP) rats were fed a 17% protein diet, and low-protein non-pregnant (LPNP) and low-protein pregnant (LPP) groups were fed a 6% protein diet. The masses of islets and β-cells were similar in the LPNP group and the CNP group but were higher in the CP group than in the CNP group and were equal in the LPP group and the LPNP group. Both variables were lower in the LPP group than in the CP group. Prohormone convertase 2 and GLP-1 fluorescence in α-cells was lower in the low-protein groups than in the control groups. The least PC2/glucagon colocalization was observed in the LPP group, and the most was observed in the CP group. There was less prohormone convertase 1/3/glucagon colocalization in the LPP group than in the CP group. GLP-1/glucagon colocalization was similar in the LPP, CP and CNP groups, which showed less GLP-1/glucagon colocalization than the LPNP group. The mRNA Pka, Creb and Pdx-1 contents were higher in islets from pregnant rats than in islets from non-pregnant rats. Protein restriction during pregnancy impaired the mass of β-cells and the intra-islet GLP-1 production but did not interfere with the transcription of genes of the anti-apoptotic signalling pathway modulated by GLP-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chaiane Aline da Rosa-Santos
- Mestrado em Nutrição, Alimentos e Metabolismo, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cristina Arantes
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | | | - Edson Moleta Colodel
- Departamento de Clínica Médica Veterinária, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Egberto Gaspar de Moura
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Cristina Lisboa
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Everardo Magalhães Carneiro
- Departamento de Anatomia, Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Amílcar Sabino Damazo
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Márcia Queiroz Latorraca
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
β-Cell specific transcription factors in the context of diabetes mellitus and β-cell regeneration. Mech Dev 2020; 163:103634. [PMID: 32711047 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2020.103634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
All pancreatic cell populations arise from the standard gut endoderm layer in developing embryos, requiring a regulatory gene network to originate and maintain endocrine lineages and endocrine function. The pancreatic organogenesis is regulated by the temporal expression of transcription factors and plays a diverse role in the specification, development, differentiation, maturation, and functional maintenance. Altered expression and activity of these transcription factors are often associated with diabetes mellitus. Recent advancements in the stem cells and invitro derived islets to treat diabetes mellitus has attracted a great deal of interest in the understanding of factors regulating the development, differentiation, and functions of islets including transcription factors. This review discusses the myriad of transcription factors regulating the development of the pancreas, differentiation of β-islets, and how these factors regulated in normal and disease states. Exploring these factors in such critical context and exogenous or endogenous expression of development and differentiation-specific transcription factors with improved epigenetic plasticity/signaling axis in diabetic milieu would useful for the development of β-cells from other cell sources.
Collapse
|
12
|
Curran M, Drayson MT, Andrews RC, Zoppi C, Barlow JP, Solomon TPJ, Narendran P. The benefits of physical exercise for the health of the pancreatic β-cell: a review of the evidence. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:579-589. [PMID: 32012372 DOI: 10.1113/ep088220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the topic of this review? This review discusses the evidence of the benefits of exercise training for β-cell health through improvements in function, proliferation and survival which may have implications in the treatment of diabetes. What advances does it highlight? This review highlights how exercise may modulate β-cell health in the context of diabetes and highlights the need for further exploration of whether β-cell preserving effects of exercise translates to T1D. ABSTRACT Physical exercise is a core therapy for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Whilst the benefits of exercise for different physiological systems are recognised, the effect of exercise specifically on the pancreatic β-cell is not well described. Here we review the effects of physical exercise on β-cell health. We show that exercise improves β-cell mass and function. The improved function manifests primarily through the increased insulin content of the β-cell and its increased ability to secrete insulin in response to a glucose stimulus. We review the evidence relating to glucose sensing, insulin signalling, β-cell proliferation and β-cell apoptosis in humans and animal models with acute exercise and following exercise training programmes. Some of the mechanisms through which these benefits manifest are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Curran
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Functional and Mechanistic Safety, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark T Drayson
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Claudio Zoppi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonathan P Barlow
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Thomas P J Solomon
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Parth Narendran
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Diabetes, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
da Rosa-Santos CA, da Costa Rodrigues P, Silva LR, Arantes VC, de Barros Reis MA, Colodel EM, Damazo AS, de Moura EG, Carneiro EM, Latorraca MQ. Early protein restriction increases intra-islet GLP-1 production and pancreatic β-cell proliferation mediated by the β-catenin pathway. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:3565-3579. [PMID: 32076803 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02192-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the present study, we investigated whether intra-islet GLP-1 production and its modulation have a role in apoptosis, proliferation or neogenesis that is compromised by protein restriction during the foetal and suckling periods. METHODS Exendin-4, a GLP-1 receptor agonist (treated groups), or saline (non-treated groups) was intraperitoneally administered for 15 days from 75 to 90 days of age in female adult rats consisting of offspring born to and suckled by mothers fed a control diet (control groups) and who had the same diet until 90 days of age or offspring born to and suckled by mothers fed a low-protein diet and who were fed the control diet after weaning until 90 days of age (protein-restricted group). RESULTS The β-cell mass was lower in the protein-restricted groups than in the control groups. Exendin-4 increased β-cell mass, regardless of the mother's protein intake. The colocalization of GLP-1/glucagon was higher in the protein-restricted rats than in control rats in both the exendin-4-treated and non-treated groups. The frequency of cleaved caspase-3-labelled cells was higher in the non-treated protein-restricted group than in the non-treated control group and was similar in the treated protein-restricted and treated control groups. Regardless of treatment with exendin-4, Ki67-labelled cell frequency and β-catenin/DAPI colocalization were elevated in the protein-restricted groups. Exendin-4 increased the area of endocrine cell clusters and β-catenin/DAPI and FoxO1/DAPI colocalization regardless of the mother's protein intake. CONCLUSIONS Protein restriction in early life increased intra-islet GLP-1 production and β-cell proliferation, possibly mediated by the β-catenin pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaiane Aline da Rosa-Santos
- Mestrado em Nutrição, Alimentos e Metabolismo, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Priscila da Costa Rodrigues
- Mestrado em Nutrição, Alimentos e Metabolismo, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Luana Resende Silva
- Mestrado em Nutrição, Alimentos e Metabolismo, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cristina Arantes
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Avenida Fernando Correa da Costa, 2367 Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, MT, 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Marise Auxiliadora de Barros Reis
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Avenida Fernando Correa da Costa, 2367 Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, MT, 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Edson Moleta Colodel
- Departamento de Clínica Médica Veterinária, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Amílcar Sabino Damazo
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Egberto Gaspar de Moura
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Everardo Magalhães Carneiro
- Departamento de Anatomia, Biologia Celular, Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcia Queiroz Latorraca
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Avenida Fernando Correa da Costa, 2367 Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, MT, 78060-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hartig SM, Cox AR. Paracrine signaling in islet function and survival. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:451-467. [PMID: 32067063 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01887-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The pancreatic islet is a dense cellular network comprised of several cell types with endocrine function vital in the control of glucose homeostasis, metabolism, and feeding behavior. Within the islet, endocrine hormones also form an intricate paracrine network with supportive cells (endothelial, neuronal, immune) and secondary signaling molecules regulating cellular function and survival. Modulation of these signals has potential consequences for diabetes development, progression, and therapeutic intervention. Beta cell loss, reduced endogenous insulin secretion, and dysregulated glucagon secretion are hallmark features of both type 1 and 2 diabetes that not only impact systemic regulation of glucose, but also contribute to the function and survival of cells within the islet. Advancing research and technology have revealed new islet biology (cellular identity and transcriptomes) and identified previously unrecognized paracrine signals and mechanisms (somatostatin and ghrelin paracrine actions), while shifting prior views of intraislet communication. This review will summarize the paracrine signals regulating islet endocrine function and survival, the disruption and dysfunction that occur in diabetes, and potential therapeutic targets to preserve beta cell mass and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Hartig
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Aaron R Cox
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule Mediates NIT-1 Insulinoma Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis by GLP-1/Akt Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:5356825. [PMID: 31467576 PMCID: PMC6699307 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5356825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule (DJC) on the proliferation and apoptosis functions of NIT-1 pancreatic β-cells exposed to high-glucose load through GLP-1 activated Akt/ FoxO1 signaling pathway. Methods Cellular apoptosis of NIT-1 pancreatic β-cells was induced by culturing in medium with 33.3mmol/L high glucose (HG). Then low-dose DJC (HG +LD), high-dose DJC (HG +HD), high-dose DJC+ GLP-1 inhibition (HG +HD +GI), and high-dose DJC+AKT inhibition (HG +HD+AI) were added, respectively. Cellular proliferation was accessed by cell counting kit (CCK-8) and cellular apoptosis was measured by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. The protein levels of phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (p-PI3K), phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT), phosphorylated Forkhead box protein O1 (p-FoxO1), and cleaved caspase-3 were detected by Western blotting. The mRNA expression of pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1), CyclinD1, Bcl-2, and insulin was tested by Q-PCR. Results Comparing to HG group, (HG+HD) group showed a significantly increased cellular proliferation. The apoptosis of NIT-1 cells also was obviously reduced, with downregulated cleaved caspase-3 protein level and upregulated PDX-1, CyclinD1, and Bcl-2 mRNA levels (P<0.05). Additionally, (HG+HD) group manifested increased insulin mRNA expression; the protein levels of p-PI3K and p-AKT were markedly increased and p-FoxO1 was decreased. All of the above therapeutic effects by DJC intervention had been reversed by GLP-1 inhibition in (HG+HD+GI) group or AKT inhibition in (HG+HD+AI) group. Conclusion DJC was able to attenuate the toxicity of high-glucose load in NIT-1 pancreatic β-cells, ascribed to the improvement of cellular proliferation and apoptosis by GLP-1/Akt signaling pathway. This study could supply a new mechanism of DJC effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment.
Collapse
|
16
|
Li Y, Deng S, Peng J, Wang X, Essandoh K, Mu X, Peng T, Meng ZX, Fan GC. MicroRNA-223 is essential for maintaining functional β-cell mass during diabetes through inhibiting both FOXO1 and SOX6 pathways. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:10438-10448. [PMID: 31118273 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The initiation and development of diabetes are mainly ascribed to the loss of functional β-cells. Therapies designed to regenerate β-cells provide great potential for controlling glucose levels and thereby preventing the devastating complications associated with diabetes. This requires detailed knowledge of the molecular events and underlying mechanisms in this disorder. Here, we report that expression of microRNA-223 (miR-223) is up-regulated in islets from diabetic mice and humans, as well as in murine Min6 β-cells exposed to tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) or high glucose. Interestingly, miR-223 knockout (KO) mice exhibit impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. Further analysis reveals that miR-223 deficiency dramatically suppresses β-cell proliferation and insulin secretion. Mechanistically, using luciferase reporter gene assays, histological analysis, and immunoblotting, we demonstrate that miR-223 inhibits both forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) and SRY-box 6 (SOX6) signaling, a unique bipartite mechanism that modulates expression of several β-cell markers (pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1), NK6 homeobox 1 (NKX6.1), and urocortin 3 (UCN3)) and cell cycle-related genes (cyclin D1, cyclin E1, and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor P27 (P27)). Importantly, miR-223 overexpression in β-cells could promote β-cell proliferation and improve β-cell function. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-223 is a critical factor for maintaining functional β-cell mass and adaptation during metabolic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Li
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Shan Deng
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267.,Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China 430074
| | - Jiangtong Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China 430074
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Kobina Essandoh
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Xingjiang Mu
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Tianqing Peng
- Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, Ontario, Canada N6C 2R5, and
| | - Zhuo-Xian Meng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China 310058
| | - Guo-Chang Fan
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wu X, Li Z, Chen K, Yin P, Zheng L, Sun S, Chen X. Egr-1 transactivates WNT5A gene expression to inhibit glucose-induced β-cell proliferation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2018; 1861:S1874-9399(18)30218-9. [PMID: 30025875 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Selective β-cell loss is a characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Inhibition of glucose-stimulated β-cell proliferation is one of the in vivo results of the lipotoxicity of saturated fatty acids (SFAs). However, the mechanism by which lipotoxicity inhibits β-cell proliferation is still unclear. In this study, we found palmitate, a saturated fatty acid, inhibited the β-cell proliferation induced by high glucose through the induction of Wnt5a expression in vitro and in vivo. We also found that Wnt5a was both sufficient and necessary for inhibition of β-cell proliferation. Additionally, Egr-1, but not NF-κB, FOXO1, Smad2, Smad3, SP1 or SP3 mediated the expression of Wnt5a. Deletion and site-directed mutagenesis of the WNT5A promoter revealed that activation of WNT5A gene transcription depends primarily on a putative Egr-binding sequence between nucleotides -52 to -44, upstream of the transcription start site. Furthermore, Egr-1 bound directly to this sequence in response to palmitate treatment, both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, after mice islets were treated with Egr inhibitors, the expression of Wnt5a decreased significantly and the glucose-induced β-cell proliferation inhibited by palmitate was resumed. These findings establish Wnt5a as an Egr-1 target gene in β-cells, uncovering a novel Egr-1/Wnt5a pathway by which saturated free fatty acids block glucose-induced β-cell proliferation. Our study lends support for the potential of Egr-1 inhibitors or Wnt5a antibodies as therapeutics for the treatment of T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- XingEr Wu
- The Molecular Diagnostic Center, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - ZeHong Li
- Guzhen Sub-bureau, Zhongshan Public Security Bureau, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
| | - PeiHong Yin
- Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - ShiJun Sun
- The Molecular Diagnostic Center, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China.
| | - XiaoYu Chen
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Futian, 518000 Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gandhi VD, Shrestha Palikhe N, Hamza SM, Dyck JRB, Buteau J, Vliagoftis H. Insulin decreases expression of the proinflammatory receptor proteinase-activated receptor-2 on human airway epithelial cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 142:1003-1006.e8. [PMID: 29890235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek D Gandhi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Alberta Respiratory Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nami Shrestha Palikhe
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Alberta Respiratory Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shereen M Hamza
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jason R B Dyck
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jean Buteau
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Harissios Vliagoftis
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Alberta Respiratory Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kapodistria K, Tsilibary EP, Kotsopoulou E, Moustardas P, Kitsiou P. Liraglutide, a human glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, stimulates AKT-dependent survival signalling and inhibits pancreatic β-cell apoptosis. J Cell Mol Med 2018. [PMID: 29524296 PMCID: PMC5980190 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liraglutide, a human long‐lasting GLP‐1 analogue, is currently regarded as a powerful treatment option for type 2 diabetes. Apart from glucoregulatory and insulinotropic actions, liraglutide increases β‐cell mass through stimulation of β‐cell proliferation and islet neogenesis, as well as inhibition of β‐cell apoptosis. However, the underline molecular mechanisms have not been fully characterized. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which liraglutide preserves islet β‐cells in an animal model of overt diabetes, the obese db/db mice, and protects a mouse pancreatic β‐cell line (βTC‐6 cells) against apoptosis. Treatment of 12‐week‐old diabetic mice with liraglutide for 2 weeks had no appreciable effects on blood non‐fasting glucose concentration, islet insulin content and body weight. However, morphological and biochemical examination of diabetic mouse pancreatic islets demonstrated that liraglutide restores islet size, reduces islet β‐cell apoptosis and improves nephrin expression, a protein involved in β‐cell survival signalling. Our results indicated that liraglutide protects βTC‐6 cells from serum withdrawal‐induced apoptosis through inhibition of caspase‐3 activation. The molecular mechanism of the anti‐apoptotic action of liraglutide in βTC‐6‐cells comprises stimulation of PI3‐kinase‐dependent AKT phosphorylation leading to the phosphorylation, hence inactivation of the pro‐apoptotic protein BAD and inhibition of FoxO1 transcription factor. In conclusion, we provided evidence that the GLP‐1 analogue liraglutide exerts important beneficial effects on pancreatic islet architecture and β‐cell survival by protecting cells against apoptosis. These findings extend our understanding of the actions of liraglutide and further support the use of GLP‐1R agonists in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Kapodistria
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Terma Patriarchou Grigoriou & Neapoleos, Attiki, Greece
| | - Effie-Photini Tsilibary
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Terma Patriarchou Grigoriou & Neapoleos, Attiki, Greece
| | - Eleni Kotsopoulou
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Terma Patriarchou Grigoriou & Neapoleos, Attiki, Greece
| | - Petros Moustardas
- Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Kitsiou
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Terma Patriarchou Grigoriou & Neapoleos, Attiki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ma J, Matkar S, He X, Hua X. FOXO family in regulating cancer and metabolism. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 50:32-41. [PMID: 29410116 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
FOXO proteins are a sub-group of a superfamily of forkhead box (FOX)-containing transcription factors (TFs). FOXOs play an important role in regulating a plethora of biological activities ranging from development, cell signaling, and tumorigenesis to cell metabolism. Here we mainly focus on reviewing the role of FOXOs in regulating tumor and metabolism. Moreover, how crosstalk among various pathways influences the function of FOXOs will be reviewed. Further, the paradoxical role for FOXOs in controlling the fate of cancer and especially resistance/sensitivity of cancer to the class of drugs that target PI3K/AKT will also be reviewed. Finally, how FOXOs regulate crosstalk between common cancer pathways and cell metabolism pathways, and how these crosstalks affect the fate of the cancer will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Abramson Cancer Center, Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism (IDOM), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 421 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 678 Haping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150069, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China.
| | - Smita Matkar
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Abramson Cancer Center, Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism (IDOM), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 421 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Xin He
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Abramson Cancer Center, Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism (IDOM), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 421 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Xianxin Hua
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Abramson Cancer Center, Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism (IDOM), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 421 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gudmundsdottir V, Pedersen HK, Allebrandt KV, Brorsson C, van Leeuwen N, Banasik K, Mahajan A, Groves CJ, van de Bunt M, Dawed AY, Fritsche A, Staiger H, Simonis-Bik AMC, Deelen J, Kramer MHH, Dietrich A, Hübschle T, Willemsen G, Häring HU, de Geus EJC, Boomsma DI, Eekhoff EMW, Ferrer J, McCarthy MI, Pearson ER, Gupta R, Brunak S, 't Hart LM. Integrative network analysis highlights biological processes underlying GLP-1 stimulated insulin secretion: A DIRECT study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0189886. [PMID: 29293525 PMCID: PMC5749727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) stimulated insulin secretion has a considerable heritable component as estimated from twin studies, yet few genetic variants influencing this phenotype have been identified. We performed the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) of GLP-1 stimulated insulin secretion in non-diabetic individuals from the Netherlands Twin register (n = 126). This GWAS was enhanced using a tissue-specific protein-protein interaction network approach. We identified a beta-cell protein-protein interaction module that was significantly enriched for low gene scores based on the GWAS P-values and found support at the network level in an independent cohort from Tübingen, Germany (n = 100). Additionally, a polygenic risk score based on SNPs prioritized from the network was associated (P < 0.05) with glucose-stimulated insulin secretion phenotypes in up to 5,318 individuals in MAGIC cohorts. The network contains both known and novel genes in the context of insulin secretion and is enriched for members of the focal adhesion, extracellular-matrix receptor interaction, actin cytoskeleton regulation, Rap1 and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Adipose tissue is, like the beta-cell, one of the target tissues of GLP-1 and we thus hypothesized that similar networks might be functional in both tissues. In order to verify peripheral effects of GLP-1 stimulation, we compared the transcriptome profiling of ob/ob mice treated with liraglutide, a clinically used GLP-1 receptor agonist, versus baseline controls. Some of the upstream regulators of differentially expressed genes in the white adipose tissue of ob/ob mice were also detected in the human beta-cell network of genes associated with GLP-1 stimulated insulin secretion. The findings provide biological insight into the mechanisms through which the effects of GLP-1 may be modulated and highlight a potential role of the beta-cell expressed genes RYR2, GDI2, KIAA0232, COL4A1 and COL4A2 in GLP-1 stimulated insulin secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valborg Gudmundsdottir
- Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Helle Krogh Pedersen
- Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Karla Viviani Allebrandt
- Department of Translational Bioinformatics, R&D Operations, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Caroline Brorsson
- Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nienke van Leeuwen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karina Banasik
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Disease Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Wellcome Trust Center for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Center, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Groves
- Oxford Center for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Martijn van de Bunt
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Center, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford Center for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adem Y Dawed
- Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Fritsche
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Member of the German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Harald Staiger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Annemarie M C Simonis-Bik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center and Endocrinology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Deelen
- Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mark H H Kramer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center and Endocrinology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Axel Dietrich
- Department of Translational Bioinformatics, R&D Operations, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas Hübschle
- Department GI Endocrinology, R&D Diabetes Division, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Member of the German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M W Eekhoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center and Endocrinology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jorge Ferrer
- Section of Epigenomics and Disease, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Genomic Programming of Beta Cells Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Center for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Center, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford Center for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ewan R Pearson
- Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ramneek Gupta
- Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Disease Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Leen M 't Hart
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Oh YS, Jun HS. Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 on Oxidative Stress and Nrf2 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010026. [PMID: 29271910 PMCID: PMC5795977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative cellular damage caused by free radicals is known to contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as to aging. The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein1 (Keap1) signaling pathways play an important role in preventing stresses including oxidative and inflammatory stresses. Nrf2 is a master regulator of cellular stress responses, induces the expression of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes, and protects against oxidative stress-induced cell damage. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone, which was originally found to increase insulin synthesis and secretion. It is now widely accepted that GLP-1 has multiple functions beyond glucose control in various tissues and organs including brain, kidney, and heart. GLP-1 and GLP-1 receptor agonists are known to be effective in many chronic diseases, including diabetes, via antioxidative mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of GLP-1 in the protection against oxidative damage and the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Sin Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea.
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea.
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea.
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Hospital, Incheon 21565, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wewer Albrechtsen NJ, Albrechtsen R, Bremholm L, Svendsen B, Kuhre RE, Poulsen SS, Christiansen CB, Jensen EP, Janus C, Hilsted L, Deacon CF, Hartmann B, Holst JJ. Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Signaling in Acinar Cells Causes Growth-Dependent Release of Pancreatic Enzymes. Cell Rep 2017; 17:2845-2856. [PMID: 27974199 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Incretin-based therapies are widely used for type 2 diabetes and now also for obesity, but they are associated with elevated plasma levels of pancreatic enzymes and perhaps a modestly increased risk of acute pancreatitis. However, little is known about the effects of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) on the exocrine pancreas. Here, we identify GLP-1 receptors on pancreatic acini and analyze the impact of receptor activation in humans, rodents, isolated acini, and cell lines from the exocrine pancreas. GLP-1 did not directly stimulate amylase or lipase release. However, we saw that GLP-1 induces phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor and activation of Foxo1, resulting in cell growth with concomitant enzyme release. Our work uncovers GLP-1-induced signaling pathways in the exocrine pancreas and suggests that increases in amylase and lipase levels in subjects treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists reflect adaptive growth rather than early-stage pancreatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Reidar Albrechtsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lasse Bremholm
- Department of Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, Lykkebækvej 1, 4600 Køge, Denmark
| | - Berit Svendsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rune E Kuhre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steen S Poulsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte B Christiansen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elisa P Jensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Janus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Linda Hilsted
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carolyn F Deacon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bolette Hartmann
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens J Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Inadequate insulin-producing pancreatic β-cell mass is a key feature of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Efforts to regenerate β-cell mass from pancreatic precursors may thus ameliorate absolute or relative insulin deficiency, thereby improving glucose homeostasis. A clear understanding of the processes that govern the generation of new β-cells in the mature pancreas will be fundamental to success in this effort. This review discusses the current state of knowledge regarding β-cell regeneration and emphasizes recent studies of significance. RECENT FINDINGS Recent reports demonstrate regenerative potential in the adult human pancreas. Further, they build on the strong existing evidence that proliferation of preexisting β-cells is the predominant source of new β-cells in adulthood by dissecting the cell cycle machinery components and critical signaling pathways required for β-cell proliferation. Finally, β-cell trophic peptides have demonstrated preclinical potential as pharmacologic regenerative agents and may form the basis for clinical interventions in the future. SUMMARY Efforts to augment β-cell regeneration by enhancing β-cell viability and proliferation may lead to novel therapeutic approaches for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. An intimate understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of β-cell proliferation and survival will be fundamental to the optimization of endogenous β-cell regeneration.
Collapse
|
25
|
Muhammad AB, Xing B, Liu C, Naji A, Ma X, Simmons RA, Hua X. Menin and PRMT5 suppress GLP1 receptor transcript and PKA-mediated phosphorylation of FOXO1 and CREB. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 313:E148-E166. [PMID: 28270438 PMCID: PMC5582886 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00241.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Menin is a scaffold protein that interacts with several epigenetic mediators to regulate gene transcription, and suppresses pancreatic β-cell proliferation. Tamoxifen-inducible deletion of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene, which encodes the protein menin, increases β-cell mass in multiple murine models of diabetes and ameliorates diabetes. Glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP1) is another key physiological modulator of β-cell mass and glucose homeostasis. However, it is not clearly understood whether menin crosstalks with GLP1 signaling. Here, we show that menin and protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) suppress GLP1 receptor (GLP1R) transcript levels. Notably, a GLP1R agonist induces phosphorylation of forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) at S253, and the phosphorylation is mediated by PKA. Interestingly, menin suppresses GLP1-induced and PKA-mediated phosphorylation of both FOXO1 and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), likely through a protein arginine methyltransferase. Menin-mediated suppression of FOXO1 and CREB phosphorylation increases FOXO1 levels and suppresses CREB target genes, respectively. A small-molecule menin inhibitor reverses menin-mediated suppression of both FOXO1 and CREB phosphorylation. In addition, ex vivo treatment of both mouse and human pancreatic islets with a menin inhibitor increases levels of proliferation marker Ki67. In conclusion, our results suggest that menin and PRMT5 suppress GLP1R transcript levels and PKA-mediated phosphorylation of FOXO1 and CREB, and a menin inhibitor may reverse this suppression to induce β-cell proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Bari Muhammad
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bowen Xing
- Shenzen University School of Medicine, Institute of Diabetes Research, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengyang Liu
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ali Naji
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaosong Ma
- Shenzen University School of Medicine, Institute of Diabetes Research, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Rebecca A Simmons
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xianxin Hua
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cox AR, Lam CJ, Rankin MM, Rios JS, Chavez J, Bonnyman CW, King KB, Wells RA, Anthony D, Tu JX, Kim JJ, Li C, Kushner JA. Incretin Therapies Do Not Expand β-Cell Mass or Alter Pancreatic Histology in Young Male Mice. Endocrinology 2017; 158:1701-1714. [PMID: 28323942 PMCID: PMC5460937 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The impact of incretins upon pancreatic β-cell expansion remains extremely controversial. Multiple studies indicate that incretin-based therapies can increase β-cell proliferation, and incretins have been hypothesized to expand β-cell mass. However, disagreement exists on whether incretins increase β-cell mass. Moreover, some reports indicate that incretins may cause metaplastic changes in pancreatic histology. To resolve these questions, we treated a large cohort of mice with incretin-based therapies and carried out a rigorous analysis of β-cell turnover and pancreatic histology using high-throughput imaging. Young mice received exenatide via osmotic pump, des-fluoro-sitagliptin, or glipizide compounded in diet for 2 weeks (short-term) on a low-fat diet (LFD) or 4.5 months (long-term) on a LFD or high-fat diet (HFD). Pancreata were quantified for β-cell turnover and mass. Slides were examined for gross anatomical and microscopic changes to exocrine pancreas. Short-term des-fluoro-sitagliptin increased serum insulin and induced modest β-cell proliferation but no change in β-cell mass. Long-term incretin therapy in HFD-fed mice resulted in reduced weight gain, improved glucose homeostasis, and abrogated β-cell mass expansion. No evidence for rapidly dividing progenitor cells was found in islets or pancreatic parenchyma, indicating that incretins do not induce islet neogenesis or pancreatic metaplasia. Contrasting prior reports, we found no evidence of β-cell mass expansion after acute or chronic incretin therapy. Chronic incretin administration was not associated with histological abnormalities in pancreatic parenchyma; mice did not develop tumors, pancreatitis, or ductal hyperplasia. We conclude that incretin therapies do not generate β-cells or alter pancreatic histology in young mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R. Cox
- McNair Medical Institute, Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Carol J. Lam
- McNair Medical Institute, Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Matthew M. Rankin
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Jacqueline S. Rios
- McNair Medical Institute, Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Julia Chavez
- McNair Medical Institute, Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Claire W. Bonnyman
- McNair Medical Institute, Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Kourtney B. King
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Roger A. Wells
- Department of Cellular, Molecular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824
- Consulting Tox/Path Services, Kittery, Maine 03904
| | - Deepti Anthony
- McNair Medical Institute, Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Justin X. Tu
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Jenny J. Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Changhong Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Jake A. Kushner
- McNair Medical Institute, Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Paglialunga S, Simnett G, Robson H, Hoang M, Pillai R, Arkell AM, Simpson JA, Bonen A, Huising M, Joseph JW, Holloway GP. The Rab-GTPase activating protein, TBC1D1, is critical for maintaining normal glucose homeostasis and β-cell mass. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:647-655. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Tre-2/USP6, BUB2, cdc16 domain family, member 1 (TBC1D1), a Rab-GTPase activating protein, is a paralogue of AS160, and has been implicated in the canonical insulin-signaling cascade in peripheral tissues. More recently, TBC1D1 was identified in rat and human pancreatic islets; however, the islet function of TBC1D1 remains not fully understood. We examined the role of TBC1D1 in glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion utilizing a rat knockout (KO) model. Chow-fed TBC1D1 KO rats had improved insulin action but impaired glucose-tolerance tests (GTT) and a lower insulin response during an intraperitoneal GTT compared with wild-type (WT) rats. The in vivo data suggest there may be an islet defect. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was higher in isolated KO rat islets compared with WT animals, suggesting TBC1D1 is a negative regulator of insulin secretion. Moreover, KO rats displayed reduced β-cell mass, which likely accounts for the impaired whole-body glucose homeostasis. This β-cell mass reduction was associated with increased active caspase 3, and unaltered Ki67 or urocortin 3, suggesting the induction of apoptosis rather than decreased proliferation or dedifferentiation may account for the decline in islet mass. A similar phenotype was observed in TBC1D1 heterozygous animals, highlighting the sensitivity of the pancreas to subtle reductions in TBC1D1 protein. An 8-week pair-fed high-fat diet did not further alter β-cell mass or apoptosis in KO rats, suggesting that dietary lipids per se, do not lead to a further impairment in glucose homeostasis. The present study establishes a fundamental role for TBC1D1 in maintaining in vivo β-cell mass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Paglialunga
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON N2G 1C5, Canada
| | - Genevieve Simnett
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Holly Robson
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Monica Hoang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON N2G 1C5, Canada
| | - Renjitha Pillai
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON N2G 1C5, Canada
| | - Alicia M. Arkell
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jeremy A. Simpson
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Arend Bonen
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Mark Huising
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, College of Biological Sciences & Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jamie W. Joseph
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON N2G 1C5, Canada
| | - Graham P. Holloway
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu J, Hu Y, Xu Y, Jia Y, Miao L, Wang G. Comparison of Exenatide and Metformin Monotherapy in Overweight/Obese Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Endocrinol 2017; 2017:9401606. [PMID: 29358950 PMCID: PMC5735665 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9401606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The present study assessed the therapeutic effect of exenatide and metformin as the initial therapy on overweight/obese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS The prospective, nonrandomized, interventional study enrolled a total of 230 overweight or obese patients with newly diagnosed T2D who were administrated exenatide or metformin hydrochloride for 12 weeks. RESULTS 224/230 patients, including 106 in the exenatide group and 118 in the metformin group, completed the 12-week treatment. Both exenatide and metformin significantly decreased the HbA1c levels in overweight/obese patients with newly diagnosed T2D (all P < 0.05). The reduction in HbA1c and the proportion of patients with HbA1c < 7.0% (53 mmol/mol) were higher in the exenatide group than in the metformin group (all P < 0.05). The exenatide treatment caused a greater decline in the body weight and BMI as compared to the metformin treatment (all P < 0.01). The exenatide treatment (β = 0.41, P < 0.01) and baseline HbA1c level (β = -0.84, P < 0.01) were independent influencing factors for the decrease in HbA1c level. CONCLUSIONS For an initial therapy in overweight/obese patients with newly diagnosed T2D, exenatide causes a better glycemic control than metformin. This trial is registered with NCT03297879.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yanjin Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yumei Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Li Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ke J, Wei R, Yu F, Zhang J, Hong T. Liraglutide restores angiogenesis in palmitate-impaired human endothelial cells through PI3K/Akt-Foxo1-GTPCH1 pathway. Peptides 2016; 86:95-101. [PMID: 27777063 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its analogues have a beneficial role in cardiovascular system. Here, we aimed to investigate whether liraglutide, a GLP-1 analogue, modulated angiogenesis impaired by palmitic acid (PA) in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Cells were incubated with liraglutide (3-100 nmol/L) in the presence of PA (0.5mmol/L), and endothelial tube formation was observed and quantified. The protein levels of signaling molecules were analyzed and the specific inhibitors were used to identify the signaling pathways through which liraglutide affected angiogenesis. Results showed that liraglutide ameliorated endothelial tube formation impaired by PA in HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, liraglutide increased the phosphorylation of Akt and forkhead box O1 (Foxo1), and upregulated the levels of guanosine 5'-triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1 (GTPCH1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in PA-impaired HUVECs. Notably, addition of the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, Foxo1 nuclear export inhibitor trifluoperazine dihydrochloride (TFP), GTPCH1 inhibitor 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine (DAHP) or NOS inhibitor N-nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) eliminated the angiogenic effect of liraglutide. Moreover, either LY294002 or TFP abolished the liraglutide-induced upregulation of GTPCH1 and eNOS protein levels. In conclusion, liraglutide restores angiogenesis in PA-impaired HUVECs. The effect is mediated via upregulation of GTPCH1 and eNOS levels in a PI3K/Akt-Foxo1-dependent mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ke
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianpei Hong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tramutola A, Arena A, Cini C, Butterfield DA, Barone E. Modulation of GLP-1 signaling as a novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Expert Rev Neurother 2016; 17:59-75. [DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2017.1246183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Tramutola
- Department of Biochemical Sciences ‘A. Rossi-Fanelli’, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Arena
- Department of Biochemical Sciences ‘A. Rossi-Fanelli’, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Cini
- Department of Biochemical Sciences ‘A. Rossi-Fanelli’, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - D. Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Eugenio Barone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences ‘A. Rossi-Fanelli’, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Salud, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Protective Role of PPARdelta in Lipoapoptosis of Pancreatic β Cells. Lipids 2016; 51:1259-1268. [PMID: 27631677 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4190-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipoapoptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARdelta), a vital regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism, may reduce fatty acid-induced pancreatic β cell lipotoxicity in diabetes. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying this process are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of activation of PPARdelta on palmitate-induced β cell apoptosis, and we explored the potential mechanism of the antiapoptotic effect. The cell apoptosis was determined by DNA fragmentation analysis and Hoechst 33342 staining. The expressing of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) in INS-1 cells was assessed by Western blotting, quantification of PCR, and was further confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. The potential of PPARdelta to interact with homologous PPRE in the GLP-1R gene was determined by Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Our results showed that exposure of INS-1 cells to palmitate for 24 h caused a significant increase in cell apoptosis, which was inhibited by GW501516. PPARdelta exerted anti-apoptotic effects in pancreatic β cells via the PI3 K/PKB/FoxO1 signaling pathway. Moreover, PPARdelta upregulated the GLP-1R expression under lipotoxic conditions. The ChIP assay revealed a direct binding of PPARdelta to a noncanonical PPRE motif of the GLP-1R gene in INS-1 cells. Our study suggested that the anti-apoptotic action of PPARdelta may involve its transcriptional regulation of GLP-1R and PI3 K/PKB/FoxO1 signaling. GW501516 and possible other GW-based strategies may confer additional benefit beyond improved glycemic control.
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang T, Zhang P, Zhang X, Cao T, Zheng C, Yu B. Duodenal-jejunal bypass attenuates progressive failure of pancreatic islets in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2016; 13:250-260. [PMID: 27865809 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.08.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preservation of pancreatic beta cell function has been increasingly appealing in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Evidence is still limited on how bariatric surgery affects pancreatic beta cell apoptosis. SETTING University medical center. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to investigate the effect of a major component of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, duodenal-jejunal bypass, on protecting pancreatic beta cells from progressive loss. METHODS Forty-five normal Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups: duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) group (n = 16) and sham (S) group (n = 17), based upon the procedure received, and a control (C) group (n = 12) without any procedure performed, to eliminate potential traumatic effects from surgery. Ten days after surgery, streptozotocin (STZ, 45 mg/kg weight) was injected intraperitoneally into each animal, including the control animals, to selectively induce pancreatic beta cell apoptosis. Weight, food intake, plasma glucose level, and the results of an oral glucose tolerance test were measured before surgery, pre-STZ injection, and up to 4 weeks after STZ injection. Plasma insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 levels were also assayed during oral glucose tolerance test. At the end, pancreatic tissues were sliced and stained for beta cell analysis. RESULTS There were no significant differences in weight among all groups at any time points measured, despite rats in the S and C groups consuming more food than those in the DJB group as measured on day 10 (P<.05) and day 20 (P<.01) after STZ injection. Animals undergoing DJB did not experience symptoms typical of uncompensated diabetes, including hyperphagia and progressive weight loss. After STZ injection, fasting plasma glucose levels in the DJB group were significantly lower than those in the C and S groups (P<.001). When challenged by glucose load, DJB rats also had a better glycemic excursion (P<.01) and incretin response compared with C and S rats (P<.05). In addition, pancreatic beta cell size and mass was better preserved in DJB rats (P< .001). CONCLUSION DJB is able to protect pancreatic beta cells from apoptosis, which leads to better glycemic control and delayed onset of diabetes. These results imply the necessity of including a DJB component when designing bariatric procedure to achieve a better long-term outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingfeng Wang
- Center for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Center for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China; Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Center for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Cao
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengzhu Zheng
- Center for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China; Division of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Center for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Fernández-Millán E, Martín MA, Goya L, Lizárraga-Mollinedo E, Escrivá F, Ramos S, Álvarez C. Glucagon-like peptide-1 improves beta-cell antioxidant capacity via extracellular regulated kinases pathway and Nrf2 translocation. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 95:16-26. [PMID: 26968794 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance, two major pathophysiological abnormalities of type 2 diabetes. Expression levels of antioxidant enzymes in beta cells are very low, rendering them more susceptible to damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although the antioxidant effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its analogs have been previously reported, the exact mechanisms involved are still unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that GLP-1 was able to effectively inhibit oxidative stress and cell death of INS-1E beta cells induced by the pro-oxidant tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tert-BOOH). Incubation with GLP-1 enhanced cellular levels of glutathione and the activity of its related enzymes, glutathione-peroxidase (GPx) and -reductase (GR) in beta cells. However, inhibition of ERK, but not of the PI3K/AKT pathway abolished, at least in part, the antioxidant effect of GLP-1. Moreover, ERK activation seems to be protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent because inhibition of PKA with H-89 was sufficient to block the GLP-1-derived protective effect on beta cells. GLP-1 likewise increased the synthesis of GR and favored the translocation of the nuclear transcription factor erythroid 2p45-related factor (Nrf2), a transcription factor implicated in the expression of several antioxidant/detoxificant enzymes. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was also preserved in beta-cells challenged with tert-BOOH but pre-treated with GLP-1, probably through the down-regulation of the mitochondrial uncoupling-protein2 (UCP2). Thus, our results provide additional mechanisms of action of GLP-1 to prevent oxidative damage in beta cells through the modulation of signaling pathways involved in antioxidant enzyme regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Fernández-Millán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M A Martín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), Calle Jose Antonio Novais 10, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Goya
- Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), Calle Jose Antonio Novais 10, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Lizárraga-Mollinedo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F Escrivá
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Ramos
- Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), Calle Jose Antonio Novais 10, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Álvarez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Tudurí E, López M, Diéguez C, Nadal A, Nogueiras R. Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Analogs and their Effects on Pancreatic Islets. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2016; 27:304-318. [PMID: 27062006 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) exerts many actions that improve glycemic control. GLP-1 stimulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and protects β cells, while its extrapancreatic effects include cardioprotection, reduction of hepatic glucose production, and regulation of satiety. Although an appealing antidiabetic drug candidate, the rapid degradation of GLP-1 by dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) means that its therapeutic use is unfeasible, and this prompted the development of two main GLP-1 therapies: long-acting GLP-1 analogs and DPP-4 inhibitors. In this review, we focus on the pancreatic effects exerted by current GLP-1 derivatives used to treat diabetes. Based on the results from in vitro and in vivo studies in humans and animal models, we describe the specific actions of GLP-1 analogs on the synthesis, processing, and secretion of insulin, islet morphology, and β cell proliferation and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Tudurí
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
| | - Miguel López
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain; Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Carlos Diéguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain; Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Angel Nadal
- Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
| | - Rubén Nogueiras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain; Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Linnemann AK, Davis DB. Glucagon-like peptide-1 and cholecystokinin production and signaling in the pancreatic islet as an adaptive response to obesity. J Diabetes Investig 2016; 7 Suppl 1:44-9. [PMID: 27186355 PMCID: PMC4854504 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise control of blood glucose is dependent on adequate β‐cell mass and function. Thus, reductions in β‐cell mass and function lead to insufficient insulin production to meet demand, and result in diabetes. Recent evidence suggests that paracrine signaling in the islet might be important in obesity, and disruption of this signaling could play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. For example, we recently discovered a novel islet incretin axis where glucagon‐like peptide‐1 regulates β‐cell production of another classic gut hormone, cholecystokinin. This axis is stimulated by obesity, and plays a role in enhancing β‐cell survival. In the present review, we place our observations in the wider context of the literature on incretin regulation in the islet, and discuss the potential for therapeutic targeting of these pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia K Linnemann
- Department of Medicine Division of Endocrinology University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Dawn Belt Davis
- Department of MedicineDivision of EndocrinologyUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA; William S Middleton Memorial Veterans HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ma Y, Wang X, Peng Y, Ding X. Forkhead box O1 promotes INS‑1 cell apoptosis by reducing the expression of CD24. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:2991-8. [PMID: 26935354 PMCID: PMC4805100 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes seriously affects human health and burdens public health systems. Pancreatic β-cell apoptosis contributes to a reduction in β-cell mass, which is responsible for the occurrence of type 2 diabetes. However, the mechanism that underlies this effect remains unclear. In the present study, the role of forkhead box O1 (Foxo1) was investigated (which is a key regulatory factor in β-cell function) in the apoptotic behavior of β-cells and a potential underlying mechanism was determined. It was demonstrated that Foxo1 overexpression significantly reduced the proliferation of INS-1 cells and increased the apoptosis of INS-1 cells, in contrast to foxm1, foxp, foxa1, foxc and foxb1 overexpression. The present study aimed to investigate potential underlying mechanisms using bioinformatics, including Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, and biological experiments, including flow cytometry, cell counting kit-8, immunofluorescence, western blotting, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and lentiviral transfection. Further experiments conclusively showed that cluster of differentiation (CD)24 expression was significantly decreased when INS-1 cells were treated with Foxo1. Animal experiments showed high CD24 expression in the pancreatic islets of diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. Moreover, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed that CD24 expression was associated with the adaptive immune response of β-cells. Finally, no significant differences in the proliferation and apoptosis of CD24 overexpressing INS-1 cells were observed after Foxo1 treatment. These results suggested that Foxo1 overexpression in β-cells was able to increase apoptosis by inhibiting CD24 expression. This study may provide an approach for the treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Yongde Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Ding
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Human population studies have established that an elevated plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level is associated with a decreased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. In addition to having several potentially cardioprotective functions, HDLs and apolipoprotein (apo)A-I, the main HDL apolipoprotein, also have antidiabetic properties. Interventions that elevate plasma HDL-C and apoA-I levels improve glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus by enhancing pancreatic β-cell function and increasing insulin sensitivity. RECENT FINDINGS This review is concerned with recent advances in understanding the mechanisms by which HDLs and apoA-I improve pancreatic β-cell function. SUMMARY HDLs and apoA-I increase insulin synthesis and secretion in pancreatic β cells. The underlying mechanism of this effect is similar to what has been reported for intestinally derived incretins, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, which both increase β-cell insulin secretion under high glucose conditions. This involves the activation of a heterotrimeric G protein Gαs subunit on the β-cell surface that leads to induction of a transmembrane adenylyl cyclase, increased intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate and Ca levels, and activation of protein kinase A. Protein kinase A increases insulin synthesis by excluding FoxO1 from the β-cell nucleus and derepressing transcription of the insulin gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry-Anne Rye
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chen Z, Meng C, Liu J, Zhang J, Kou Y, Zhang L, Wang Z. Effects of gastric bypass on FoxO1 expression in the liver and pancreas of diabetic rats. Endocr Res 2016; 41:57-63. [PMID: 26727601 DOI: 10.3109/07435800.2015.1044010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the mechanism by which gastric bypass surgery (GBS) ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by investigating whether FoxO1 (a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in the regulation of glycolipid metabolism) expression is altered in the liver and pancreatic islet cells in a rat model of GBS-treated T2DM. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 rats each): diabetic rats treated by GBS (DM + GBS), diabetic rats subjected to sham operation (DM + sham), normal control rats (control), and diabetic rats without surgery (DM). Fasting levels of blood glucose (BG), insulin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured in all groups before and 4, 8, 16, and 24 weeks after operation. Rats were killed 24 weeks after surgery. Liver and pancreas expressions of FoxO1 were investigated by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analyses. RESULTS In the DM + GBS group, fasting BG before and 24 weeks after surgery decreased from 20.2 ± 2.1 to 7.7 ± 1.1 mmol/L, respectively; fasting insulin showed no change (2.9 ± 0.1 and 3.0 ± 0.1 mU/L, respectively); and fasting GLP-1 increased from 8.7 ± 0.9 to 23.5 ± 0.2 pmol/L, respectively. Fasting BG levels after surgery in the DM + GBS group were significantly lower than those in the DM + sham and DM groups. FoxO1 expression levels in the liver and pancreatic islets of the DM + GBS group were reduced compared to those in the DM + sham and DM groups. FoxO1 in the pancreatic β-cells was expressed mainly in the cytoplasm. CONCLUSIONS Gastric bypass may improve type 2 diabetes mellitus by changing FoxO1 expression in the liver and pancreatic islet cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiyuan Liu
- a Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and
| | - Jun Zhang
- a Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and
| | - Yao Kou
- a Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and
| | | | - Zhihong Wang
- b Department of Endocrinology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Baden MY, Fukui K, Hosokawa Y, Iwahashi H, Imagawa A, Shimomura I. Examination of a Viral Infection Mimetic Model in Human iPS Cell-Derived Insulin-Producing Cells and the Anti-Apoptotic Effect of GLP-1 Analogue. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144606. [PMID: 26659307 PMCID: PMC4676675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Viral infection is associated with pancreatic beta cell destruction in fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate the acceleration and protective mechanisms of beta cell destruction by establishing a model of viral infection in pancreatic beta cells. Methods Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid was transfected into MIN6 cells and insulin-producing cells differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells via small molecule applications. Gene expression was analyzed by real-time PCR, and apoptosis was evaluated by caspase-3 activity and TUNEL staining. The anti-apoptotic effect of Exendin-4 was also evaluated. Results Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid transfection led to elevated expression of the genes encoding IFNα, IFNβ, CXCL10, Fas, viral receptors, and IFN-inducible antiviral effectors in MIN6 cells. Exendin-4 treatment suppressed the elevated gene expression levels and reduced polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid-induced apoptosis both in MIN6 cells and in insulin-producing cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor, protein kinase A, and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase inhibitors counteracted the anti-apoptotic effect of Exendin-4. Conclusions Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid transfection can mimic viral infection, and Exendin-4 exerted an anti-apoptotic effect both in MIN6 and insulin-producing cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megu Yamaguchi Baden
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenji Fukui
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Hosokawa
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiromi Iwahashi
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Akihisa Imagawa
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gao Y, Liao G, Xiang C, Yang X, Cheng X, Ou Y. Effects of phycocyanin on INS-1 pancreatic β-cell mediated by PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 83:185-94. [PMID: 26616456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The level of methylglyoxal (MG), which is a side-product of metabolic pathways, particularly in glycolysis, is elevated in diabetes. Notably, the accumulation of MG causes a series of pathological changes. Phycocyanin (PC) has been demonstrated to show insulin-sensitizing effect, however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of PC on INS-1 rat insulinoma β-cell against MG-induced cell dysfunction, as well as the underlying mechanisms. PC was preliminarily verified to time-dependently activate PI3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, but the PI3K-specific inhibitor Wortmannin blocked the effect of PC. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was impaired in MG-treated INS-1 cells. Furthermore, MG induced dephosphorylation of Akt and FoxO1, resulting in nuclear localization and transactivation of FoxO1. Nevertheless, these effects were all effectively attenuated by PC. The ameliorated insulin secretion was related to the changes of FoxO1 mediated by PC, which demonstrated by RNA interference. And, the dosage used in the above experiments did not affect β-cell viability and apoptosis, although long-term MG induced cell apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. In conclusion, PC was capable to protect INS-1 pancreatic β-cell against MG-induced cell dysfunction through modulating PI3K/Akt pathway and the downstream FoxO1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingnv Gao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Gaoyong Liao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chenxi Xiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xuegan Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, USA.
| | - Yu Ou
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Guo L, Qiao Y, Zhang L, Pan Q. Protective Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Against High-Glucose-Induced Endothelial Oxidative Damage. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e2055. [PMID: 26632709 PMCID: PMC5058978 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the protective effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) against cell damage induced by high glucose.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were divided into control group (5.5 mmol/L) and high glucose groups (19, 33, or 47 mmol/L), which were cultured with different concentrations of glucose for 48 hours, respectively. Cell viability was measured with MTT assay. Levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were monitored by flow cytometry and apoptotic cell death was measured by staining with Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide. Cultured cells were detected with intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), VCAM-1, and JNK on protein.Compared with the control group, cell viability was decreased by 20% and 37%, respectively, when cultured under 33 and 47 mM, while increased in different GLP-1-treated groups (0.01 L, 0.1, 1, and 10 nmol/L). The GLP-1 treatment significantly reduced the ROS level of high glucose treatment group but not impact on the control group. Meanwhile, the level of apoptosis was elevated in the high glucose treatment group. Early apoptosis was significantly reversed in the GLP-1-treated group (0.1, 1, and 10 nmol/L). Late apoptosis was uniquely decreased in the GLP-1 concentrations of 10 nmol/L. Furthermore, GLP-1 could also reduce the protein levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and phospho JNK in the endothelial cells with high glucose treatment.GLP-1 could inhibit cell apoptosis and reduce ROS generation and JNK-Bax signaling pathway activation, which were induced by high glucose treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Guo
- From the Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gong Q, Rajagopalan S, Zhong J. Dpp4 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy in cardiometabolic disease: Incretin-dependent and -independent function. Int J Cardiol 2015; 197:170-9. [PMID: 26142202 PMCID: PMC7114201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.06.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic disorders including obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease are among the most severe health problems worldwide. DPP4 enzymatic inhibitors were first developed as anti-diabetic reagents which preserve incretin hormones and promote post-prandial insulin secretion. It's been shown in animal studies that incretin-based therapy has a beneficial effect on cardiovascular disease. Recent studies demonstrated novel non-catalytic functions of DPP4 that may play a role in cardiometabolic disease. Although the role of DPP4 inhibition-mediated incretin effects has been well-reviewed, little information of its incretin-independent actions was introduced in cardiometabolic disease. In the current review, we will summarize the catalytic dependent and independent effects of DPP4 inhibition on cardiometabolic disease. Discuss the findings from recent large scale clinical trials (EXAMINE and SAVOR-TIMI 53) Summarize the catalytic dependent and independent effects of DPP4 inhibition on cardiometabolic disease Focus on recent evidence linking DPP4 inhibition therapy with cardiovascular disease Provide mechanistic insights into the cardiovascular effect of DPP4
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, PR China
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Jixin Zhong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, PR China; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Stewart AF, Hussain MA, García-Ocaña A, Vasavada RC, Bhushan A, Bernal-Mizrachi E, Kulkarni RN. Human β-cell proliferation and intracellular signaling: part 3. Diabetes 2015; 64:1872-85. [PMID: 25999530 PMCID: PMC4439562 DOI: 10.2337/db14-1843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This is the third in a series of Perspectives on intracellular signaling pathways coupled to proliferation in pancreatic β-cells. We contrast the large knowledge base in rodent β-cells with the more limited human database. With the increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes and the recognition that type 2 diabetes is also due in part to a deficiency of functioning β-cells, there is great urgency to identify therapeutic approaches to expand human β-cell numbers. Therapeutic approaches might include stem cell differentiation, transdifferentiation, or expansion of cadaver islets or residual endogenous β-cells. In these Perspectives, we focus on β-cell proliferation. Past Perspectives reviewed fundamental cell cycle regulation and its upstream regulation by insulin/IGF signaling via phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling, glucose, glycogen synthase kinase-3 and liver kinase B1, protein kinase Cζ, calcium-calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells, epidermal growth factor/platelet-derived growth factor family members, Wnt/β-catenin, leptin, and estrogen and progesterone. Here, we emphasize Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription, Ras/Raf/extracellular signal-related kinase, cadherins and integrins, G-protein-coupled receptors, and transforming growth factor β signaling. We hope these three Perspectives will serve to introduce these pathways to new researchers and will encourage additional investigators to focus on understanding how to harness key intracellular signaling pathways for therapeutic human β-cell regeneration for diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Stewart
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Mehboob A Hussain
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Adolfo García-Ocaña
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Rupangi C Vasavada
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Anil Bhushan
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, and VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhong J, Gong Q, Goud A, Srinivasamaharaj S, Rajagopalan S. Recent Advances in Dipeptidyl-Peptidase-4 Inhibition Therapy: Lessons from the Bench and Clinical Trials. J Diabetes Res 2015; 2015:606031. [PMID: 26075284 PMCID: PMC4446505 DOI: 10.1155/2015/606031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
DPP4 inhibitors (DPP4i) are a class of newly developed antidiabetic drugs which preserve incretin hormones and promote postprandial insulin secretion. Although the cardiovascular effect of DPP4 inhibition has been substantially studied, the exact role of DPP4 in cardiovascular disease especially in humans remains elusive. Previous small studies and meta-analyses have suggested a benefit in both surrogate outcomes and cardiovascular events for these agents. However, there was growing evidence in recent years questioning the cardioprotective effect of DPP4i. Further, a signal of heart failure hospitalization in a recent large scale clinical trial SAVOR-TIMI 53 has called into question the safety of these agents and their utility in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we will revisit the physiologic function of DPP4 and discuss its role in cardiometabolic disease based on recent experimental and clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Zhong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Quan Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
| | - Aditya Goud
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Srividya Srinivasamaharaj
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Longato GB, Fiorito GF, Vendramini-Costa DB, de Oliveira Sousa IM, Tinti SV, Ruiz ALTG, de Almeida SMV, Padilha RJR, Foglio MA, de Carvalho JE. Different cell death responses induced by eupomatenoid-5 in MCF-7 and 786-0 tumor cell lines. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:1026-33. [PMID: 25882683 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Natural products remain an important source of new drugs, including anticancer drugs. Recently, our group reported the anticancer activity of eupomatenoid-5 (eup-5), a neolignan isolated from Piper regnellii (Miq.) C. DC. var. regnellii leaves. In vitro studies demonstrated that MCF-7 (breast) and 786-0 (kidney) were among the cancer cell lines most sensitive to eup-5 treatment. The current results demonstrate that mitochondrial membrane depolarization and generation of reactive oxygen species are implicated in eup-5-mediated cytotoxic effects on these cancer cells lines. In MCF-7 cells, eup-5 led to phosphatidylserine externalization and caspase activation, whereas the same did not occur in 786-0 cells. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a reduction of microvilli density, as well as cell morphology alterations. Moreover, treated MCF-7 cells exhibited well-characterized apoptosis alterations, while treated 786-0 cells exhibited characteristics of programmed necroptosis process. These findings support the possibility that different mechanisms may be targeted by eup-5 in cell death response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Barbarini Longato
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-872, SP, Brazil; Divisão de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas (CPQBA), UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil.
| | - Giovanna Francisco Fiorito
- Divisão de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas (CPQBA), UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Débora Barbosa Vendramini-Costa
- Divisão de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas (CPQBA), UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sirlene Valério Tinti
- Divisão de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas (CPQBA), UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Tasca Gois Ruiz
- Divisão de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas (CPQBA), UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Sinara Mônica Vitalino de Almeida
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA) e Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; Faculdade de Ciências, Educação e Tecnologia de Garanhuns (FACETEG), Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Garanhuns 55290-000, PE, Brazil
| | - Rafael José Ribeiro Padilha
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA) e Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil
| | - Mary Ann Foglio
- Divisão de Fitoquímica, CPQBA, UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - João Ernesto de Carvalho
- Divisão de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas (CPQBA), UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil; Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-872, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Park SH, Park JH, Shim HM, Na AY, Bae KC, Lim JG, Song DK. Protection of pancreatic β-cells against glucotoxicity by short-term treatment with GLP-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 459:561-7. [PMID: 25757909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.02.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) reduces pancreatic β-cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes. Glucotoxiciy is a main cause of β-cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes. The aims of this study were to investigate the anti-apoptotic mechanisms of GLP-1 against glucotoxicity and whether physiological short-term treatment with GLP-1 can protect β-cells from glucotoxicity-induced apoptosis. GLP-1 treatment for only 30 min alleviated high glucose-induced β-cell apoptosis. The effect of GLP-1 was related with phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT-S473 phosphorylation. The increase in pAKT-S473 led to suppression of FoxO-1. GLP-1-induced AKT-S473 activation and FoxO-1 suppression were abolished by the selective inactivation of mTOR complex (mTORC) 2 using small interfering RNA directed towards the rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR. The protective effect of GLP-1 on β-cell apoptosis was also abolished by the selective inactivation of mTORC2. Hence, the protective effect of GLP-1 against glucotoxicity may be mediated by FoxO-1 suppression through the PI3K/mTORC2/AKT-S473 phosphorylation. This report provides evidence that short-term treatment with GLP-1 is beneficial to protect against glucotoxicity-induced β-cell apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hyun Park
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Park
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Min Shim
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ann-Yae Na
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Churl Bae
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeung-Geun Lim
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Kyu Song
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Chen S, Chen J, Huang P, Meng XL, Clayton S, Shen JS, Grayburn PA. Myocardial regeneration in adriamycin cardiomyopathy by nuclear expression of GLP1 using ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 458:823-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
48
|
Goundan PN, Underwood P, Mantzoros CS. Incretin therapy and beta cell function. Metabolism 2015; 64:157-9. [PMID: 25456457 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poorani N Goundan
- Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System, 150S Huntington Ave, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130; Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Boston University Medical Center, 88 East Newton Street, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Patricia Underwood
- Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System, 150S Huntington Ave, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System, 150S Huntington Ave, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Papaetis GS. Incretin-based therapies in prediabetes: Current evidence and future perspectives. World J Diabetes 2014; 5:817-834. [PMID: 25512784 PMCID: PMC4265868 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i6.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is evolving globally at an alarming rate. Prediabetes is an intermediate state of glucose metabolism that exists between normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and the clinical entity of T2D. Relentless β-cell decline and failure is responsible for the progression from NGT to prediabetes and eventually T2D. The huge burden resulting from the complications of T2D created the need of therapeutic strategies in an effort to prevent or delay its development. The beneficial effects of incretin-based therapies, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, on β-cell function in patients with T2D, together with their strictly glucose-depended mechanism of action, suggested their possible use in individuals with prediabetes when greater β-cell mass and function are preserved and the possibility of β-cell salvage is higher. The present paper summarizes the main molecular intracellular mechanisms through which GLP-1 exerts its activity on β-cells. It also explores the current evidence of incretin based therapies when administered in a prediabetic state, both in animal models and in humans. Finally it discusses the safety of incretin-based therapies as well as their possible role in order to delay or prevent T2D.
Collapse
|
50
|
Cochran BJ, Bisoendial RJ, Hou L, Glaros EN, Rossy J, Thomas SR, Barter PJ, Rye KA. Apolipoprotein A-I increases insulin secretion and production from pancreatic β-cells via a G-protein-cAMP-PKA-FoxO1-dependent mechanism. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:2261-7. [PMID: 25147338 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Therapeutic interventions that increase plasma levels of high-density lipoproteins and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) A-I, the major high-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein, improve glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. High-density lipoproteins and apoA-I also enhance insulin synthesis and secretion in isolated pancreatic islets and clonal β-cell lines. This study identifies the signaling pathways that mediate these effects. APPROACH AND RESULTS Incubation with apoA-I increased cAMP accumulation in Ins-1E cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The increase in cAMP levels was inhibited by preincubating the cells with the cell-permeable, transmembrane adenylate cyclase inhibitor, 2'5' dideoxyadenosine, but not with KH7, which inhibits soluble adenylyl cyclases. Incubation of Ins-1E cells with apoA-I resulted in colocalization of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 with the Gαs subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein and a Gαs subunit-dependent increase in insulin secretion. Incubation of Ins-1E cells with apoA-I also increased protein kinase A phosphorylation and reduced the nuclear localization of forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1). Preincubation of Ins-1E cells with the protein kinase A-specific inhibitors, H89 and PKI amide, prevented apoA-I from increasing insulin secretion and mediating the nuclear exclusion of FoxO1. Transfection of Ins-1E cells with a mutated FoxO1 that is restricted to the nucleus confirmed the requirement for FoxO1 nuclear exclusion by blocking insulin secretion in apoA-I-treated Ins-1E cells. ApoA-I also increased Irs1, Irs2, Ins1, Ins2, and Pdx1 mRNA levels. CONCLUSIONS ApoA-I increases insulin synthesis and secretion via a heterotrimeric G-protein-cAMP-protein kinase A-FoxO1-dependent mechanism that involves transmembrane adenylyl cyclases and increased transcription of key insulin response and β-cell survival genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blake J Cochran
- From the Lipid Research Group, Centre for Vascular Research (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.) and Redox Cell Signaling Group, School of Medical Sciences (E.N.G., S.R.T.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.); Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Sydney, Australia (J.R.); Immune Imaging, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia (R.J.B.); and Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (P.J.B., K.-A.R.)
| | - Radjesh J Bisoendial
- From the Lipid Research Group, Centre for Vascular Research (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.) and Redox Cell Signaling Group, School of Medical Sciences (E.N.G., S.R.T.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.); Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Sydney, Australia (J.R.); Immune Imaging, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia (R.J.B.); and Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (P.J.B., K.-A.R.)
| | - Liming Hou
- From the Lipid Research Group, Centre for Vascular Research (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.) and Redox Cell Signaling Group, School of Medical Sciences (E.N.G., S.R.T.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.); Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Sydney, Australia (J.R.); Immune Imaging, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia (R.J.B.); and Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (P.J.B., K.-A.R.)
| | - Elias N Glaros
- From the Lipid Research Group, Centre for Vascular Research (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.) and Redox Cell Signaling Group, School of Medical Sciences (E.N.G., S.R.T.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.); Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Sydney, Australia (J.R.); Immune Imaging, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia (R.J.B.); and Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (P.J.B., K.-A.R.)
| | - Jérémie Rossy
- From the Lipid Research Group, Centre for Vascular Research (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.) and Redox Cell Signaling Group, School of Medical Sciences (E.N.G., S.R.T.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.); Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Sydney, Australia (J.R.); Immune Imaging, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia (R.J.B.); and Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (P.J.B., K.-A.R.)
| | - Shane R Thomas
- From the Lipid Research Group, Centre for Vascular Research (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.) and Redox Cell Signaling Group, School of Medical Sciences (E.N.G., S.R.T.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.); Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Sydney, Australia (J.R.); Immune Imaging, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia (R.J.B.); and Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (P.J.B., K.-A.R.)
| | - Philip J Barter
- From the Lipid Research Group, Centre for Vascular Research (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.) and Redox Cell Signaling Group, School of Medical Sciences (E.N.G., S.R.T.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.); Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Sydney, Australia (J.R.); Immune Imaging, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia (R.J.B.); and Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (P.J.B., K.-A.R.)
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- From the Lipid Research Group, Centre for Vascular Research (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.) and Redox Cell Signaling Group, School of Medical Sciences (E.N.G., S.R.T.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia (B.J.C., R.J.B., L.H., P.J.B., K.-A.R.); Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Sydney, Australia (J.R.); Immune Imaging, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia (R.J.B.); and Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (P.J.B., K.-A.R.).
| |
Collapse
|