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García-Pérez O, Melgar-Vilaplana L, Sifaoui I, Śmietańska A, Córdoba-Lanús E, Fernández-de-Misa R. VEGFC Gene Expression Is Associated with Tumor Progression and Disease-Free Survival in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:379. [PMID: 38203550 PMCID: PMC10779353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is one of the most common cancers in the skin. CSCC belongs to the non-melanoma skin cancers, and its incidence is increasing every year around the world. The principal routes of tumor progression are related to angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. In this study, we assess the gene expression of the relevant biomarkers of both routes in 49 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) CSCC samples in an attempt to determine a molecular profile that correlates with the tumor progression and disease-free survival (DFS). The results were enhanced by a posttranscriptional analysis using an immunofluorescence assay. Overexpression of the vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) gene was found in patients with tumor progression (p = 0.022) and in patients with perineural invasion (p = 0.030). An increased expression of protein VEGFC in samples with tumor progression supported these results (p = 0.050). In addition, DFS curves showed differences (p = 0.027) for tumors with absent-low VEGFC expression versus those with high levels of VEGFC expression. No significant influence on DFS was detected for the remaining analyzed genes. VEGFC expression was found to be a risk factor in the disease progression (HR = 2.675; 95% CI: 1.089-6.570; p = 0.032). Our main results suggest that VEGFC gene expression is closely related to tumor progression, DFS, and the presence of perineural invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar García-Pérez
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain;
| | - Leticia Melgar-Vilaplana
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Ctra. Gral. del Rosario, 145, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain;
| | - Inés Sifaoui
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain;
| | | | - Elizabeth Córdoba-Lanús
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Fernández-de-Misa
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain;
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Ctra. Gral. del Rosario, 145, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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2
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Perry BW, McDonald AL, Trojahn S, Saxton MW, Vincent EP, Lowry C, Evans Hutzenbiler BD, Cornejo OE, Robbins CT, Jansen HT, Kelley JL. Feeding during hibernation shifts gene expression toward active season levels in brown bears ( Ursus arctos). Physiol Genomics 2023; 55:368-380. [PMID: 37486084 PMCID: PMC10642923 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00030.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hibernation in bears involves a suite of metabolical and physiological changes, including the onset of insulin resistance, that are driven in part by sweeping changes in gene expression in multiple tissues. Feeding bears glucose during hibernation partially restores active season physiological phenotypes, including partial resensitization to insulin, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this transition remain poorly understood. Here, we analyze tissue-level gene expression in adipose, liver, and muscle to identify genes that respond to midhibernation glucose feeding and thus potentially drive postfeeding metabolical and physiological shifts. We show that midhibernation feeding stimulates differential expression in all analyzed tissues of hibernating bears and that a subset of these genes responds specifically by shifting expression toward levels typical of the active season. Inferences of upstream regulatory molecules potentially driving these postfeeding responses implicate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) and other known regulators of insulin sensitivity, providing new insight into high-level regulatory mechanisms involved in shifting metabolic phenotypes between hibernation and active states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blair W Perry
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Anna L McDonald
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Shawn Trojahn
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Michael W Saxton
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Ellery P Vincent
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Courtney Lowry
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | | | - Omar E Cornejo
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States
| | - Charles T Robbins
- School of the Environment, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Heiko T Jansen
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Joanna L Kelley
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States
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3
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Cheong LY, Wang B, Wang Q, Jin L, Kwok KHM, Wu X, Shu L, Lin H, Chung SK, Cheng KKY, Hoo RLC, Xu A. Fibroblastic reticular cells in lymph node potentiate white adipose tissue beiging through neuro-immune crosstalk in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1213. [PMID: 36869026 PMCID: PMC9984541 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36737-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymph nodes (LNs) are always embedded in the metabolically-active white adipose tissue (WAT), whereas their functional relationship remains obscure. Here, we identify fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) in inguinal LNs (iLNs) as a major source of IL-33 in mediating cold-induced beiging and thermogenesis of subcutaneous WAT (scWAT). Depletion of iLNs in male mice results in defective cold-induced beiging of scWAT. Mechanistically, cold-enhanced sympathetic outflow to iLNs activates β1- and β2-adrenergic receptor (AR) signaling in FRCs to facilitate IL-33 release into iLN-surrounding scWAT, where IL-33 activates type 2 immune response to potentiate biogenesis of beige adipocytes. Cold-induced beiging of scWAT is abrogated by selective ablation of IL-33 or β1- and β2-AR in FRCs, or sympathetic denervation of iLNs, whereas replenishment of IL-33 reverses the impaired cold-induced beiging in iLN-deficient mice. Taken together, our study uncovers an unexpected role of FRCs in iLNs in mediating neuro-immune interaction to maintain energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Yee Cheong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Baile Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Qin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Leigang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin H M Kwok
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lingling Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huige Lin
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sookja Kim Chung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Kenneth K Y Cheng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ruby L C Hoo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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4
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Liu Q, Tang B, Zhu Z, Kraft P, Deng Q, Stener-Victorin E, Jiang X. A genome-wide cross-trait analysis identifies shared loci and causal relationships of type 2 diabetes and glycaemic traits with polycystic ovary syndrome. Diabetologia 2022; 65:1483-1494. [PMID: 35771237 PMCID: PMC9345824 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05746-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The link underlying abnormal glucose metabolism, type 2 diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) that is independent of BMI remains unclear in observational studies. We aimed to clarify this association using a genome-wide cross-trait approach. METHODS Summary statistics from the hitherto largest genome-wide association studies conducted for type 2 diabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus adjusted for BMI (T2DMadjBMI), fasting glucose, fasting insulin, 2h glucose after an oral glucose challenge (all adjusted for BMI), HbA1c and PCOS, all in populations of European ancestry, were used. We quantified overall and local genetic correlations, identified pleiotropic loci and expression-trait associations, and made causal inferences across traits. RESULTS A positive overall genetic correlation between type 2 diabetes and PCOS was observed, largely influenced by BMI (rg=0.31, p=1.63×10-8) but also independent of BMI (T2DMadjBMI-PCOS: rg=0.12, p=0.03). Sixteen pleiotropic loci affecting type 2 diabetes, glycaemic traits and PCOS were identified, suggesting mechanisms of association that are independent of BMI. Two shared expression-trait associations were found for type 2 diabetes/T2DMadjBMI and PCOS targeting tissues of the cardiovascular, exocrine/endocrine and digestive systems. A putative causal effect of fasting insulin adjusted for BMI and type 2 diabetes on PCOS was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We found a genetic link underlying type 2 diabetes, glycaemic traits and PCOS, driven by both biological pleiotropy and causal mediation, some of which is independent of BMI. Our findings highlight the importance of controlling fasting insulin levels to mitigate the risk of PCOS, as well as screening for and long-term monitoring of type 2 diabetes in all women with PCOS, irrespective of BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Liu
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bowen Tang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhaozhong Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qiaolin Deng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
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5
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Paz-Pacheco E, Nevado JB, Cutiongco-de la Paz EMC, Jasul GV, Aman AYCL, Ribaya ELA, Francisco MDG, Guanzon MLVV, Uyking-Naranjo ML, Añonuevo-Cruz MCS, Maningat MPDD, Jaring CV, Nacpil-Dominguez PD, Pala-Mohamad AB, Canto AU, Quisumbing JPM, Lat AMM, Bernardo DCC, Mansibang NMM, Calpito KJAC, Ribaya VSD, Ferrer JPY, Biwang JH, Melegrito JB, Deguit CDT, Panerio CEG. Variants of SLC2A10 may be Linked to Poor Response to Metformin. J Endocr Soc 2022; 6:bvac092. [PMID: 35854978 PMCID: PMC9278830 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A study among Filipinos revealed that only 15% of patients with diabetes achieved glycemic control, and poor response to metformin could be one of the possible reasons. Recent studies demonstrate how genetic variations influence response to metformin. Hence, the present study aimed to determine genetic variants associated with poor response to metformin. Methods Using a candidate variant approach, 195 adult Filipino participants with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were enrolled in a case-control study. Genomic DNA from blood samples were collected. Allelic and genotypic associations of variants with poor response to metformin were determined using exact statistical methods. Results Several polymorphisms were nominally associated with poor response to metformin (Puncorr < 0.05). The most notable is the association of multiple variants in the SLC2A10 gene—rs2425911, rs3092412, and rs2425904—with common additive genetic mode of inheritance. Other variants that have possible associations with poor drug response include rs340874 (PROX-AS1), rs815815 (CALM2), rs1333049 (CDKN2B-AS1), rs2010963 (VEGFA), rs1535435 and rs9494266 (AHI1), rs11128347 (PDZRN3), rs1805081 (NPC1), and rs13266634 (SLC30A8). Conclusion In Filipinos, a trend for the association for several variants was noted, with further observation that several mechanisms may be involved. The results may serve as pilot data for further validation of candidate variants for T2DM pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Paz-Pacheco
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Jose B Nevado
- Institutes of Human Genetics, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Gabriel V Jasul
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Elizabeth Laurize A Ribaya
- Institutes of Human Genetics, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Mark David G Francisco
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Ma Luz Vicenta V Guanzon
- Corazon Locsin Montelibano Memorial Regional Hospital, Bacolod City, Negros Occidental, Philippines
| | | | - Ma Cecille S Añonuevo-Cruz
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Maria Patricia Deanna D Maningat
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Cristina V Jaring
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Paulette D Nacpil-Dominguez
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Aniza B Pala-Mohamad
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Abigail U Canto
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - John Paul M Quisumbing
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Annabelle Marie M Lat
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Diane Carla C Bernardo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Noemie Marie M Mansibang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Vincent Sean D Ribaya
- Institutes of Human Genetics, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Julius Patrick Y Ferrer
- Institutes of Human Genetics, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Jessica H Biwang
- Institutes of Human Genetics, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Jodelyn B Melegrito
- Institutes of Human Genetics, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Christian Deo T Deguit
- Institutes of Human Genetics, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Carlos Emmanuel G Panerio
- Institutes of Human Genetics, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
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6
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Scholtes C, Giguère V. Transcriptional control of energy metabolism by nuclear receptors. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:750-770. [DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Second MAFA Variant Causing a Phosphorylation Defect in the Transactivation Domain and Familial Insulinomatosis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071798. [PMID: 35406570 PMCID: PMC8997416 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult-onset familial insulinomatosis is a rare disorder with recurrent, severe hypoglycemia caused by multiple insulin-secreting pancreatic tumors. The etiology was unclear until the variant p.Ser64Phe in the transcription factor MAFA, a key coordinator of β-cell insulin secretion, was defined as the cause in two families. We here describe detailed genetic, clinical, and family analyses of two sisters with insulinomatosis, aiming to identify further disease causes. Using exome sequencing, we detected a novel, heterozygous missense variant, p.Thr57Arg, in MAFA’s highly conserved transactivation domain. The impact of the affected region is so crucial that in vitro expression studies replacing Thr57 have already been performed, demonstrating a phosphorylation defect with the impairment of transactivation activity and degradation. However, prior to our study, the link to human disease was missing. Furthermore, mild hyperglycemia was observed in six additional, heterozygote family members, indicating that not only insulinomatosis but also MODY-like symptoms co-segregate with p.Thr57Arg. The pre-described MAFA variant, p.Ser64Phe, is located in the same domain, impairs the same phosphorylation cascade, and results in the same symptoms. We confirm MAFA phosphorylation defects are important causes of a characteristic syndrome, thus complementing the pathophysiological and diagnostic disease concept. Additionally, we verify the high penetrance and autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.
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8
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Xia Q, Dong H, Guo Y, Fang K, Hu M, Xu L, Lu F, Gong J. The role of lacteal integrity and junction transformation in obesity: A promising therapeutic target? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1007856. [PMID: 36506056 PMCID: PMC9729342 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1007856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lacteals are the central lymphatic vessels in the villi of the small intestine and perform nutrient absorption, especially dietary lipids, and the transportation of antigen and antigen-presenting cells. Remodeling, proliferation, and cell-cell junctions of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in lacteals are the basis of the maintenance of lacteal integrity and dietary lipid absorption. Normal lipid absorption in the diet depends on sound lacteal development and proliferation, especially integrity maintenance, namely, maintaining the appropriate proportion of button-like and zipper-like junctions. Maintaining the integrity and transforming button-to-zipper junctions in lacteals are strongly connected with obesity, which could be regulated by intestinal flora and molecular signalings, such as vascular endothelial growth factor C-vascular endothelial growth receptor 3 (VEGFC-VEGFR3) signaling, Hippo signaling, Notch signaling, angiopoietin-TIE signaling, VEGF-A/VEGFR2 signaling, and PROX1. This manuscript reviews the molecular mechanism of development, integrity maintenance, and junction transformation in lacteal related to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Xia
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yujin Guo
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ke Fang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meilin Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lijun Xu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fuer Lu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Gong, ; Fuer Lu,
| | - Jing Gong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Gong, ; Fuer Lu,
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9
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Heller S, Li Z, Lin Q, Geusz R, Breunig M, Hohwieler M, Zhang X, Nair GG, Seufferlein T, Hebrok M, Sander M, Julier C, Kleger A, Costa IG. Transcriptional changes and the role of ONECUT1 in hPSC pancreatic differentiation. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1298. [PMID: 34789845 PMCID: PMC8599846 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02818-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell type specification during pancreatic development is tightly controlled by a transcriptional and epigenetic network. The precise role of most transcription factors, however, has been only described in mice. To convey such concepts to human pancreatic development, alternative model systems such as pancreatic in vitro differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells can be employed. Here, we analyzed stage-specific RNA-, ChIP-, and ATAC-sequencing data to dissect transcriptional and regulatory mechanisms during pancreatic development. Transcriptome and open chromatin maps of pancreatic differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells provide a stage-specific pattern of known pancreatic transcription factors and indicate ONECUT1 as a crucial fate regulator in pancreas progenitors. Moreover, our data suggest that ONECUT1 is also involved in preparing pancreatic progenitors for later endocrine specification. The dissection of the transcriptional and regulatory circuitry revealed an important role for ONECUT1 within such network and will serve as resource to study human development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Heller
- grid.410712.1Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Zhijian Li
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XInstitute for Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Qiong Lin
- grid.420044.60000 0004 0374 4101Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bioinformatics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ryan Geusz
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Pediatric Diabetes Research Center (PDRC) at the University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Markus Breunig
- grid.410712.1Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Meike Hohwieler
- grid.410712.1Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Xi Zhang
- grid.410712.1Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gopika G. Nair
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Diabetes Center at the University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Thomas Seufferlein
- grid.410712.1Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Matthias Hebrok
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Diabetes Center at the University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Maike Sander
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Pediatric Diabetes Research Center (PDRC) at the University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Cécile Julier
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
| | - Alexander Kleger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Ivan G. Costa
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XInstitute for Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
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10
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Li W, Li P, Li R, Yu Z, Sun X, Ji G, Yang X, Zhu L, Zhu S. GLP1R Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms rs3765467 and rs10305492 Affect β Cell Insulin Secretory Capacity and Apoptosis Through GLP-1. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:1700-1710. [PMID: 32721233 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.5424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is regarded as the main reason for the improvement of blood glucose. However, the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of GLP-1 Receptor (GLP1R) impair receptor function, subsequently affecting β cell insulin secretion function, ultimately affecting the efficacy of RYGB. In this study, we revealed that two SNPs in GLP1R gene, rs3765467 and rs10305492, could significantly reduce the insulin secreted by β cells and the cyclic AMP concentration, whereas promote β cell apoptosis. Under high glucose exposure, rs3765467 and rs10305492 impaired β cell secretion of insulin and β cell viability in the same way; in other words, GLP1R rs3765467 and rs10305492 exert an effect on pancreatic β cell glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Moreover, GLP-1 antagonist Exendin (9-39) further enhanced, whereas GLP-1 agonist Exendin-4 partially attenuated the effects of SNPs on the functions and apoptosis of β cells. In conclusion, the rs3765467 and rs10305492 SNPs in GLP1R show to exert a critical effect on regulating insulin secretory capacity of β cells and β cell mass. Through leading to the dysfunction and apoptosis of β cells, GLP1R rs3765467 and rs10305492 might also impair GLP-1 interaction with GLP1R, therefore attenuating the therapeutic effect of RYGB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengzhou Li
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaomei Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xulong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guangnian Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangwu Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyong Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shaihong Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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11
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Cell Fate Determination of Lymphatic Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134790. [PMID: 32640757 PMCID: PMC7370169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic vasculature, along with the blood vasculature, is a vascular system in our body that plays important functions in fluid homeostasis, dietary fat uptake, and immune responses. Defects in the lymphatic system are associated with various diseases such as lymphedema, atherosclerosis, fibrosis, obesity, and inflammation. The first step in lymphangiogenesis is determining the cell fate of lymphatic endothelial cells. Several genes involved in this commitment step have been identified using animal models, including genetically modified mice. This review provides an overview of these genes in the mammalian system and related human diseases.
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12
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Kataru RP, Park HJ, Baik JE, Li C, Shin J, Mehrara BJ. Regulation of Lymphatic Function in Obesity. Front Physiol 2020; 11:459. [PMID: 32499718 PMCID: PMC7242657 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic system has many functions, including macromolecules transport, fat absorption, regulation and modulation of adaptive immune responses, clearance of inflammatory cytokines, and cholesterol metabolism. Thus, it is evident that lymphatic function can play a key role in the regulation of a wide array of biologic phenomenon, and that physiologic changes that alter lymphatic function may have profound pathologic effects. Recent studies have shown that obesity can markedly impair lymphatic function. Obesity-induced pathologic changes in the lymphatic system result, at least in part, from the accumulation of inflammatory cells around lymphatic vessel leading to impaired lymphatic collecting vessel pumping capacity, leaky initial and collecting lymphatics, alterations in lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) gene expression, and degradation of junctional proteins. These changes are important since impaired lymphatic function in obesity may contribute to the pathology of obesity in other organ systems in a feed-forward manner by increasing low-grade tissue inflammation and the accumulation of inflammatory cytokines. More importantly, recent studies have suggested that interventions that inhibit inflammatory responses, either pharmacologically or by lifestyle modifications such as aerobic exercise and weight loss, improve lymphatic function and metabolic parameters in obese mice. The purpose of this review is to summarize the pathologic effects of obesity on the lymphatic system, the cellular mechanisms that regulate these responses, the effects of impaired lymphatic function on metabolic syndrome in obesity, and the interventions that may improve lymphatic function in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu P Kataru
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hyeong Ju Park
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jung Eun Baik
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Claire Li
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jinyeon Shin
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Babak J Mehrara
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
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13
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Norden PR, Kume T. The Role of Lymphatic Vascular Function in Metabolic Disorders. Front Physiol 2020; 11:404. [PMID: 32477160 PMCID: PMC7232548 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its roles in the maintenance of interstitial fluid homeostasis and immunosurveillance, the lymphatic system has a critical role in regulating transport of dietary lipids to the blood circulation. Recent work within the past two decades has identified an important relationship between lymphatic dysfunction and patients with metabolic disorders, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, in part characterized by abnormal lipid metabolism and transport. Utilization of several genetic mouse models, as well as non-genetic models of diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome, has demonstrated that abnormal lymphangiogenesis and poor collecting vessel function, characterized by impaired contractile ability and perturbed barrier integrity, underlie lymphatic dysfunction relating to obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Despite the progress made by these models, the contribution of the lymphatic system to metabolic disorders remains understudied and new insights into molecular signaling mechanisms involved are continuously developing. Here, we review the current knowledge related to molecular mechanisms resulting in impaired lymphatic function within the context of obesity and diabetes. We discuss the role of inflammation, transcription factor signaling, vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated signaling, and nitric oxide signaling contributing to impaired lymphangiogenesis and perturbed lymphatic endothelial cell barrier integrity, valve function, and contractile ability in collecting vessels as well as their viability as therapeutic targets to correct lymphatic dysfunction and improve metabolic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter R. Norden
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Tsutomu Kume
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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14
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The Impact of Transcription Factor Prospero Homeobox 1 on the Regulation of Thyroid Cancer Malignancy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093220. [PMID: 32370142 PMCID: PMC7247360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor Prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1) is continuously expressed in the lymphatic endothelial cells, playing an essential role in their differentiation. Many reports have shown that PROX1 is implicated in cancer development and acts as an oncoprotein or suppressor in a tissue-dependent manner. Additionally, the PROX1 expression in many types of tumors has prognostic significance and is associated with patient outcomes. In our previous experimental studies, we showed that PROX1 is present in the thyroid cancer (THC) cells of different origins and has a high impact on follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) phenotypes, regulating migration, invasion, focal adhesion, cytoskeleton reorganization, and angiogenesis. Herein, we discuss the PROX1 transcript and protein structures, the expression pattern of PROX1 in THC specimens, and its epigenetic regulation. Next, we emphasize the biological processes and genes regulated by PROX1 in CGTH-W-1 cells, derived from squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Finally, we discuss the interaction of PROX1 with other lymphatic factors. In our review, we aimed to highlight the importance of vascular molecules in cancer development and provide an update on the functionality of PROX1 in THC biology regulation.
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15
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Ho YC, Srinivasan RS. Lymphatic Vasculature in Energy Homeostasis and Obesity. Front Physiol 2020; 11:3. [PMID: 32038308 PMCID: PMC6987243 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Body mass is regulated by the balance between energy uptake and energy expenditure. The etiology of obesity is determined by multiple factors including genetics, nutrient absorption, and inflammation. Lymphatic vasculature is starting to be appreciated as a critical modulator of metabolism and obesity. The primary function of lymphatic vasculature is to maintain interstitial fluid homeostasis. Lymphatic vessels absorb fluids that extravasate from blood vessels and return them to blood circulation. In addition, lymphatic vessels absorb digested lipids from the intestine and regulate inflammation. Hence, lymphatic vessels could be an exciting target for treating obesity. In this article, we will review our current understanding regarding the relationship between lymphatic vasculature and obesity, and highlight some open questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chun Ho
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - R. Sathish Srinivasan
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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16
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Cao M, Zhang L, Chen T, Shi A, Xie K, Li Z, Xu J, Chen Z, Ji C, Wen J. Genetic Susceptibility to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Chinese Population. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:247. [PMID: 32390949 PMCID: PMC7188786 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: New genetic variants associated with susceptibility to obesity and metabolic diseases have been discovered in recent genome-wide association (GWA) studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of theses risk variants with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: We performed a case-control study including 964 unrelated pregnant women with GDM and 1,021 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (as controls). A total of 33 genetic variants confirmed by GWA studies for obesity and metabolic diseases were selected and measured. Results: We observed that FTO rs1121980 and KCNQ1 rs163182 conferred a decreased GDM risk in the dominant and additive model [additive model: OR (95% CI) = 0.79 (0.67-0.94), P = 0.007 for rs1121980; OR(95%CI) = 0.84 (0.73-0.96), P = 0.009 for rs163182], whereas MC4R rs12970134 and PROX1 rs340841 conferred an increased GDM risk in the dominant, recessive, and additive model [additive model: OR(95%CI) = 1.25 (1.07-1.46), P = 0.006 for rs12970134; OR(95%CI) = 1.22 (1.07-1.39), P = 0.002 for rs340841). With the increasing number of risk alleles of the four significant SNPs, GDM risk was significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner (Ptrend < 0.001). And the significant positive associations between the weighted genetic risk score and risk of GDM persisted. Further function annotation indicated that these four SNPs may fall on the functional elements of human pancreatic islets. The genotype-phenotype associations indicated that these SNPs may contribute to GDM by affecting the expression levels of their nearby or distant genes. Conclusion: Our study suggests that FTO rs1121980, KCNQ1 rs163182, MC4R rs12970134, and PROX1 rs340841 may be markers for susceptibility to GDM in a Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkai Cao
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiwu Shi
- Department of MICU, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaipeng Xie
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengying Li
- Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianjuan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Zhong Chen
| | - Chenbo Ji
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Chenbo Ji
| | - Juan Wen
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Juan Wen
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17
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Taran D, Tarlui VN, Ceausu RA, Cimpean AM, Raica M, Sarb S. Podoplanin and PROX1 Expression in Hypercaloric Diet-induced Pancreatic Injuries. In Vivo 2019; 33:1157-1163. [PMID: 31280205 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of podoplanin (PDPN) and homebox prospero gene 1 (PROX1) in early stages of pancreatic islet changes induced by hypercaloric diet is unclear. The aim of this study was to study PDPN and PROX1 variability in pancreatic islets after a hypercaloric diet in a rat experimental model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pancreatic biopsies harvested from Sprague-Dawley rats at 3, 6, and 9 weeks following hypercaloric diet intake were evaluated for morphological and molecular changes of Langerhans islets based on PDPN and PROX1 expression Results: Six weeks of hypercaloric diet induced hypertrophy of pancreatic islets with focal expression of Pdpn and Prox1 mRNA. At 9 weeks of hypercaloric diet, strong peri-insular inflammation was found around hypertrophic islets highly expressing PDPN, and lacking Prox1 mRNA and protein expression. CONCLUSION This is the first report of Pdpn and Prox1 mRNA expression variability and involvement in early steps of pancreatic islet changes following hypercaloric food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Taran
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Valeria Nicoleta Tarlui
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Raluca Amalia Ceausu
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anca Maria Cimpean
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania .,Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Raica
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Simona Sarb
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
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18
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Dong C, Zhang X, Liu K, Li B, Chao Z, Jiang A, Li R, Li P, Liu H, Wu W. Comprehensive Analysis of Porcine Prox1 Gene and Its Relationship with Meat Quality Traits. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9100744. [PMID: 31569476 PMCID: PMC6826434 DOI: 10.3390/ani9100744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Prox1 is involved in muscle fiber conversion, adult-onset obesity, and type 2 diabetes. However, information regarding porcine Prox1 and its relationship with meat quality traits is still unknown. In this study, we characterized the full-length cDNA and proximal promoter of two transcript variants of porcine Prox1. Moreover, Prox1 was expressed abundantly in the skeletal muscle and its expression was higher in the soleus muscle than that in the biceps femoris muscle. Its expression pattern in the high and low meat color (redness) value a* groups was similar to that of myoglobin and MyHC I, but opposed to that of MyHC IIB. Importantly, there was a significant positive correlation between Prox1 expression and meat color (redness) value a* (r = 0.3845, p = 0.0394), and a significant negative correlation between Prox1 expression and drip loss (r = -0.4204, p = 0.0232), as well as the ratio of MyHC IIB to MyHC I expression (r = -0.3871, p = 0.0380). In addition, we found that the polymorphisms of three closely linked SNPs in Prox1 promoter 1 were significantly associated with pH24h in a pig population. Taken together, our data provide valuable insights into the characteristics of porcine Prox1 and indicate that Prox1 is a promising candidate gene affecting meat quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Dong
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xiying Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Kaiqing Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Bojiang Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Zhe Chao
- Institute of Animal Sciences & Veterinary, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China.
| | - Aiwen Jiang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Rongyang Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Pinghua Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Honglin Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Wangjun Wu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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19
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Song J, Jiang X, Juan J, Cao Y, Chibnik LB, Hofman A, Wu T, Hu Y. Role of metabolic syndrome and its components as mediators of the genetic effect on type 2 diabetes: A family-based study in China. J Diabetes 2019; 11:552-562. [PMID: 30520249 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) share a genetic basis with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, whether MetS and its components mediate genetic susceptibility to T2D is not completely understood. METHODS We assessed the effects of MetS and its components on associations T2D and 18 genome-wide association studies-identified variants using a two-stage strategy based on parametric models involving 7110 Chinese participants (2436 were T2D patients) across 2885 families. Multilevel logistic regression was used to account for the intrafamilial correlation. RESULTS Metabolic syndrome significantly mediated the effect of a melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B) polymorphism on T2D risk (OR of average causal mediation effect [ORACME ] 1.004; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.001-1.008; P = 0.018). In addition, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels mediated the genetic effects of MTNR1B (ORACME 1.012; 95% CI 1.007-1.015; P < 0.001), solute carrier family 30 member 8 (SLC30A8; ORACME 1.001; 95% CI 1.000-1.007; P < 0.040), B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11A (BCL11A; ORACME 1.009; 95% CI 1.007-1.016; P < 0.001), prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1; ORACME 1.005; 95% CI 1.003-1.011; P < 0.001) and a disintegrin and metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 9 (ADAMTS9; ORACME 1.006; 95% CI 1.001-1.009; P = 0.022), whereas increased fasting blood glucose (FBG) significantly mediated the genetic effect of BCL11A (ORACME 1.017; 95% CI 1.003-1.021; P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that MetS and two of its components (HDL-C, FBG) may be involved in mediating the genetic predisposition to T2D, which emphasize the importance of maintaining normal HDL-C and FBG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Juan Juan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaying Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lori B Chibnik
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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20
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Adamska-Patruno E, Godzien J, Ciborowski M, Samczuk P, Bauer W, Siewko K, Gorska M, Barbas C, Kretowski A. The Type 2 Diabetes Susceptibility PROX1 Gene Variants Are Associated with Postprandial Plasma Metabolites Profile in Non-Diabetic Men. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040882. [PMID: 31010169 PMCID: PMC6520869 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1) gene may show pleiotropic effects on metabolism. We evaluated postprandial metabolic alterations dependently on the rs340874 genotypes, and 28 non-diabetic men were divided into two groups: high-risk (HR)-genotype (CC-genotype carriers, n = 12, 35.3 ± 9.5 years old) and low-risk (LR)-genotype (allele T carriers, n = 16, 36.3 ± 7.0 years old). Subjects participated in two meal-challenge-tests with high-carbohydrate (HC, carbohydrates 89%) and normo-carbohydrate (NC, carbohydrates 45%) meal intake. Fasting and 30, 60, 120, and 180 min after meal intake plasma samples were fingerprinted by liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS). In HR-genotype men, the area under the curve (AUC) of acetylcarnitine levels was higher after the HC-meal [+92%, variable importance in the projection (VIP) = 2.88] and the NC-meal (+55%, VIP = 2.00) intake. After the NC-meal, the HR-risk genotype carriers presented lower AUCs of oxidized fatty acids (−81–66%, VIP = 1.43–3.16) and higher linoleic acid (+80%, VIP = 2.29), while after the HC-meal, they presented lower AUCs of ornithine (−45%, VIP = 1.83), sphingosine (−48%, VIP = 2.78), linoleamide (−45%, VIP = 1.51), and several lysophospholipids (−40–56%, VIP = 1.72–2.16). Moreover, lower AUC (−59%, VIP = 2.43) of taurocholate after the HC-meal and higher (+70%, VIP = 1.42) glycodeoxycholate levels after the NC-meal were observed. Our results revealed differences in postprandial metabolites from inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways, bile acids signaling, and lipid metabolism in PROX1 HR-genotype men. Further investigations of diet–genes interactions by which PROX1 may promote T2DM development are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Adamska-Patruno
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Joanna Godzien
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Michal Ciborowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Paulina Samczuk
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Witold Bauer
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Siewko
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Maria Gorska
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Coral Barbas
- Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Universidad CEU San Pablo, 28003 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Adam Kretowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
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21
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Escobedo N, Oliver G. The Lymphatic Vasculature: Its Role in Adipose Metabolism and Obesity. Cell Metab 2017; 26:598-609. [PMID: 28844882 PMCID: PMC5629116 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a key risk factor for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, and although we understand the mechanisms regulating weight and energy balance, the causes of some forms of obesity remain enigmatic. Despite the well-established connections between lymphatics and lipids, and the fact that intestinal lacteals play key roles in dietary fat absorption, the function of the lymphatic vasculature in adipose metabolism has only recently been recognized. It is well established that angiogenesis is tightly associated with the outgrowth of adipose tissue, as expanding adipose tissue requires increased nutrient supply from blood vessels. Results supporting a crosstalk between lymphatic vessels and adipose tissue, and linking lymphatic function with metabolic diseases, obesity, and adipose tissue, also started to accumulate in the last years. Here we review our current knowledge of the mechanisms by which defective lymphatics contribute to obesity and fat accumulation in mouse models, as well as our understanding of the lymphatic-adipose tissue relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Escobedo
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Guillermo Oliver
- Center for Vascular and Developmental Biology, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Armour SM, Remsberg JR, Damle M, Sidoli S, Ho WY, Li Z, Garcia BA, Lazar MA. An HDAC3-PROX1 corepressor module acts on HNF4α to control hepatic triglycerides. Nat Commun 2017; 8:549. [PMID: 28916805 PMCID: PMC5601916 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00772-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The histone deacetylase HDAC3 is a critical mediator of hepatic lipid metabolism, and liver-specific deletion of HDAC3 leads to fatty liver. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, here we report a method of cross-linking followed by mass spectrometry to define a high-confidence HDAC3 interactome in vivo that includes the canonical NCoR-HDAC3 complex as well as Prospero-related homeobox 1 protein (PROX1). HDAC3 and PROX1 co-localize extensively on the mouse liver genome, and are co-recruited by hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α). The HDAC3-PROX1 module controls the expression of a gene program regulating lipid homeostasis, and hepatic-specific ablation of either component increases triglyceride content in liver. These findings underscore the importance of specific combinations of transcription factors and coregulators in the fine tuning of organismal metabolism.HDAC3 is a critical mediator of hepatic lipid metabolism and its loss leads to fatty liver. Here, the authors characterize the liver HDAC3 interactome in vivo, provide evidence that HDAC3 interacts with PROX1, and show that HDAC3 and PROX1 control expression of genes regulating lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Armour
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Divison of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jarrett R Remsberg
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Divison of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Manashree Damle
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Divison of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Wesley Y Ho
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Divison of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Zhenghui Li
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Divison of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mitchell A Lazar
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Divison of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, SCTR 12-102, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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23
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Belongie KJ, Ferrannini E, Johnson K, Andrade-Gordon P, Hansen MK, Petrie JR. Identification of novel biomarkers to monitor β-cell function and enable early detection of type 2 diabetes risk. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182932. [PMID: 28846711 PMCID: PMC5573304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A decline in β-cell function is a prerequisite for the development of type 2 diabetes, yet the level of β-cell function in individuals at risk of the condition is rarely measured. This is due, in part, to the fact that current methods for assessing β-cell function are inaccurate, prone to error, labor-intensive, or affected by glucose-lowering therapy. The aim of the current study was to identify novel circulating biomarkers to monitor β-cell function and to identify individuals at high risk of developing β-cell dysfunction. In a nested case-control study from the Relationship between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular disease (RISC) cohort (n = 1157), proteomics and miRNA profiling were performed on fasting plasma samples from 43 individuals who progressed to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 43 controls who maintained normal glucose tolerance (NGT) over three years. Groups were matched at baseline for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), insulin sensitivity (euglycemic clamp) and β-cell glucose sensitivity (mathematical modeling). Proteomic profiling was performed using the SomaLogic platform (Colorado, USA); miRNA expression was performed using a modified RT-PCR protocol (Regulus Therapeutics, California, USA). Results showed differentially expressed proteins and miRNAs including some with known links to type 2 diabetes, such as adiponectin, but also novel biomarkers and pathways. In cross sectional analysis at year 3, the top differentially expressed biomarkers in people with IGT/ reduced β-cell glucose sensitivity were adiponectin, alpha1-antitrypsin (known to regulate adiponectin levels), endocan, miR-181a, miR-342, and miR-323. At baseline, adiponectin, cathepsin D and NCAM.L1 (proteins expressed by pancreatic β-cells) were significantly lower in those that progressed to IGT. Many of the novel prognostic biomarker candidates were within the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway: for example, Noggin, DLL4 and miR-181a. Further validation studies are required in additional clinical cohorts and in patients with type 2 diabetes, but these results identify novel pathways and biomarkers that may have utility in monitoring β-cell function and/ or predicting future decline, allowing more targeted efforts to prevent and intercept type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstine J. Belongie
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Research, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Kjell Johnson
- Arbor Analytics, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Patricia Andrade-Gordon
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Research, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael K. Hansen
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Research, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - John R. Petrie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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24
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PROX1 gene CC genotype as a major determinant of early onset of type 2 diabetes in slavic study participants from Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron MR Controlled Evaluation study. J Hypertens 2017; 35 Suppl 1:S24-S32. [PMID: 28060188 PMCID: PMC5377997 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy varies according to ethnicity. Environmental as well as genetic factors contribute to the heterogeneity in the presentation of diabetic nephropathy. Our objective was to evaluate this heterogeneity within the Caucasian population. METHODS The geo-ethnic origin of the 3409 genotyped Caucasian type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients of Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron MR Controlled Evaluation was determined using principal component analysis. Genome-wide association studies analyses of age of onset of T2D were performed for geo-ethnic groups separately and combined. RESULTS The first principal component separated the Caucasian study participants into Slavic and Celtic ethnic origins. Age of onset of diabetes was significantly lower in Slavic patients (P = 7.3 × 10), whereas the prevalence of hypertension (P = 4.9 × 10) and albuminuria (5.1 × 10) were significantly higher. Age of onset of T2D and albuminuria appear to have an important genetic component as the values of these traits were also different between Slavic and Celtic individuals living in the same countries. Common and geo-ethnic-specific loci were found to be associated to age of onset of diabetes. Among the latter, the PROX1/PROX1-AS1 genes (rs340841) had the highest impact. Single-nucleotide polymorphism rs340841 CC genotype was associated with a 4.4 year earlier onset of T2D in Slavic patients living or not in countries with predominant Slavic populations. CONCLUSION These results reveal the presence of distinct genetic architectures between Caucasian ethnic groups that likely have clinical relevance, among them PROX1 gene is a strong candidate of early onset of diabetes with variations depending on ethnicity.
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25
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Wang XF, Lin X, Li DY, Zhou R, Greenbaum J, Chen YC, Zeng CP, Peng LP, Wu KH, Ao ZX, Lu JM, Guo YF, Shen J, Deng HW. Linking Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes: Novel shared susceptibility genes detected by cFDR approach. J Neurol Sci 2017; 380:262-272. [PMID: 28870582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) occur commonly in the aging populations and T2D has been considered as an important risk factor for AD. The heritability of both diseases is estimated to be over 50%. However, common pleiotropic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)/loci have not been well-defined. The aim of this study is to analyze two large public accessible GWAS datasets to identify novel common genetic loci for T2D and/or AD. METHODS AND MATERIALS The recently developed novel conditional false discovery rate (cFDR) approach was used to analyze the summary GWAS datasets from International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP) and Diabetes Genetics Replication And Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM) to identify novel susceptibility genes for AD and T2D. RESULTS We identified 78 SNPs (including 58 novel SNPs) that were associated with AD in Europeans conditional on T2D (cFDR<0.05). 66 T2D SNPs (including 40 novel SNPs) were identified by conditioning on SNPs association with AD (cFDR<0.05). A conjunction-cFDR (ccFDR) analysis detected 8 pleiotropic SNPs with a significance threshold of ccFDR<0.05 for both AD and T2D, of which 5 SNPs (rs6982393, rs4734295, rs7812465, rs10510109, rs2421016) were novel findings. Furthermore, among the 8 SNPs annotated at 6 different genes, 3 corresponding genes TP53INP1, TOMM40 and C8orf38 were related to mitochondrial dysfunction, critically involved in oxidative stress, which potentially contribute to the etiology of both AD and T2D. CONCLUSION Our study provided evidence for shared genetic loci between T2D and AD in European subjects by using cFDR and ccFDR analyses. These results may provide novel insight into the etiology and potential therapeutic targets of T2D and/or AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Fang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Ding-You Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City MO 64108, USA
| | - Rou Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Jonathan Greenbaum
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Department of Global Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Yuan-Cheng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Chun-Ping Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Lin-Ping Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Ke-Hao Wu
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Department of Global Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Zeng-Xin Ao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Jun-Min Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Yan-Fang Guo
- Institute of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, PR China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China; Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Department of Global Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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26
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Hodonsky CJ, Jain D, Schick UM, Morrison JV, Brown L, McHugh CP, Schurmann C, Chen DD, Liu YM, Auer PL, Laurie CA, Taylor KD, Browning BL, Li Y, Papanicolaou G, Rotter JI, Kurita R, Nakamura Y, Browning SR, Loos RJF, North KE, Laurie CC, Thornton TA, Pankratz N, Bauer DE, Sofer T, Reiner AP. Genome-wide association study of red blood cell traits in Hispanics/Latinos: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006760. [PMID: 28453575 PMCID: PMC5428979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Prior GWAS have identified loci associated with red blood cell (RBC) traits in populations of European, African, and Asian ancestry. These studies have not included individuals with an Amerindian ancestral background, such as Hispanics/Latinos, nor evaluated the full spectrum of genomic variation beyond single nucleotide variants. Using a custom genotyping array enriched for Amerindian ancestral content and 1000 Genomes imputation, we performed GWAS in 12,502 participants of Hispanic Community Health Study and Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) for hematocrit, hemoglobin, RBC count, RBC distribution width (RDW), and RBC indices. Approximately 60% of previously reported RBC trait loci generalized to HCHS/SOL Hispanics/Latinos, including African ancestral alpha- and beta-globin gene variants. In addition to the known 3.8kb alpha-globin copy number variant, we identified an Amerindian ancestral association in an alpha-globin regulatory region on chromosome 16p13.3 for mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin. We also discovered and replicated three genome-wide significant variants in previously unreported loci for RDW (SLC12A2 rs17764730, PSMB5 rs941718), and hematocrit (PROX1 rs3754140). Among the proxy variants at the SLC12A2 locus we identified rs3812049, located in a bi-directional promoter between SLC12A2 (which encodes a red cell membrane ion-transport protein) and an upstream anti-sense long-noncoding RNA, LINC01184, as the likely causal variant. We further demonstrate that disruption of the regulatory element harboring rs3812049 affects transcription of SLC12A2 and LINC01184 in human erythroid progenitor cells. Together, these results reinforce the importance of genetic study of diverse ancestral populations, in particular Hispanics/Latinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chani J. Hodonsky
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Deepti Jain
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Ursula M. Schick
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Jean V. Morrison
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Lisa Brown
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Caitlin P. McHugh
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Diane D. Chen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yong Mei Liu
- School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Paul L. Auer
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - Cecilia A. Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA United States of America
| | - Brian L. Browning
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA United States of America
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - George Papanicolaou
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA United States of America
| | - Ryo Kurita
- Research and Development Department, Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Comprehensive Human Sciences, Tsukuba University, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sharon R. Browning
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Cathy C. Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Timothy A. Thornton
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Division of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Daniel E. Bauer
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Alex P. Reiner
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Yu F, Wang C, Wang L, Jiang H, Ba Y, Cui L, Wang Y, Yu S, Li W. Study and evaluation the impact of vitamin D receptor variants on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Han Chinese. J Diabetes 2017; 9:275-284. [PMID: 27100371 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) are associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of the present study was to screen more single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of VDR and assess their effects on the risk of T2DM in Han Chinese. METHOD Four SNPs were genotyped in 1191 individuals (397 cases, 794 controls). Allele frequencies and genotype distributions were analyzed. Effects were investigated by evaluating genotype distribution with regard to phenotypes, insulin resistance, and β-cell function. Haplotype analysis and gene risk score (GRS) were used to evaluate the combined and additive roles of VDR SNPs on T2DM pathogenesis. RESULTS There was a significant association between rs739837 and T2DM in two models and allele frequency distribution. The novel locus rs2239179 differed significantly between cases and controls, especially in males and those aged >55 years, in three models and allele frequency distribution. The TT genotype of rs739837 was associated with higher triglyceride than GG and TG genotypes, and higher total cholesterol levels than the GG genotype. Compared with the GTGA haplotype, the GCGG haplotype reduced the risk of T2DM. Trend Chi-squared tests showed that there was significant association between the weighted GRS and the risk of T2DM (Ptrend = 0.034). CONCLUSION This study provides novel evidence that rs739837 is associated with lipid metabolism in T2DM patients. The rs739837 and rs2239179 SNPs were associated with the risk of T2DM in Han Chinese. The VDR SNPs had combined and additive effects on the risk of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - ChongJian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - HongLin Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yue Ba
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - LingLing Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - SongCheng Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - WenJie Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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28
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Tarnowski M, Malinowski D, Safranow K, Dziedziejko V, Czerewaty M, Pawlik A. Hematopoietically expressed homeobox (HHEX) gene polymorphism (rs5015480) is associated with increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Clin Genet 2016; 91:843-848. [PMID: 27684496 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder that occurs during pregnancy. HHEX and PROX1 are genetic loci associated with diabetes mellitus type 2. HHEX and PROX1 play significant roles in carbohydrate intolerance and diabetes because these transcription factors may be involved in the regulation of insulin secretion and in glucose and lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to examine the association between HHEX (rs5015480) and PROX1 (rs340874) gene polymorphisms and GDM. This study included 204 pregnant women with GDM and 207 pregnant women with the normal glucose tolerance (NGT). The diagnosis of GDM was based on a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 weeks' gestation. There was a statistically significant prevalence of the HHEX rs5015480 CC genotype and C allele among women with GDM (C vs T allele, p = 0.021, odds ratio OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.05-1.87). Statistically significant higher increase of body mass and BMI during pregnancy was found in women with the HHEX rs5015480 CC genotype. The results of our study suggest an association between the HHEX gene rs5015480 polymorphism and risk of GDM. The HHEX gene rs5015480 C allele may be a risk allele of GDM that is associated with increased BMI during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tarnowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - D Malinowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - K Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - V Dziedziejko
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - M Czerewaty
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - A Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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29
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Wang T, Huang T, Zheng Y, Rood J, Bray GA, Sacks FM, Qi L. Genetic variation of fasting glucose and changes in glycemia in response to 2-year weight-loss diet intervention: the POUNDS LOST trial. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 40:1164-9. [PMID: 27113490 PMCID: PMC4935586 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Weight-loss intervention through diet modification has been widely used to improve obesity-related hyperglycemia; however, little is known about whether genetic variation modifies the intervention effect. We examined the interaction between weight-loss diets and genetic variation of fasting glucose on changes in glycemic traits in a dietary intervention trial. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies (POUNDS LOST) trial is a randomized, controlled 2-year weight-loss trial. We assessed overall genetic variation of fasting glucose by calculating a genetic risk score (GRS) based on 14 fasting glucose-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms, and examined the progression in fasting glucose and insulin levels, and insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity in 733 adults from this trial. RESULTS The GRS was associated with 6-month changes in fasting glucose (P<0.001), fasting insulin (P=0.042), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, P=0.009) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-S, P=0.043). We observed significant interaction between the GRS and dietary fat on 6-month changes in fasting glucose, HOMA-IR and HOMA-S after multivariable adjustment (P-interaction=0.007, 0.045 and 0.028, respectively). After further adjustment for weight loss, the interaction remained significant on change in fasting glucose (P=0.015). In the high-fat diet group, participants in the highest GRS tertile showed increased fasting glucose, whereas participants in the lowest tertile showed decreased fasting glucose (P-trend <0.001); in contrast, the genetic association was not significant in the low-fat diet group (P-trend=0.087). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that participants with a higher genetic risk may benefit more by eating a low-fat diet to improve glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiange Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Rood
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center of the Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - George A. Bray
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center of the Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Frank M. Sacks
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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30
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Paul L, Walker EM, Drosos Y, Cyphert HA, Neale G, Stein R, South J, Grosveld G, Herrera PL, Sosa-Pineda B. Lack of Prox1 Downregulation Disrupts the Expansion and Maturation of Postnatal Murine β-Cells. Diabetes 2016; 65:687-98. [PMID: 26631740 PMCID: PMC4764148 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factor expression fluctuates during β-cell ontogeny, and disruptions in this pattern can affect the development or function of those cells. Here we uncovered that murine endocrine pancreatic progenitors express high levels of the homeodomain transcription factor Prox1, whereas both immature and mature β-cells scarcely express this protein. We also investigated if sustained Prox1 expression is incompatible with β-cell development or maintenance using transgenic mouse approaches. We discovered that Prox1 upregulation in mature β-cells has no functional consequences; in contrast, Prox1 overexpression in immature β-cells promotes acute fasting hyperglycemia. Using a combination of immunostaining and quantitative and comparative gene expression analyses, we determined that Prox1 upregulation reduces proliferation, impairs maturation, and enables apoptosis in postnatal β-cells. Also, we uncovered substantial deficiency in β-cells that overexpress Prox1 of the key regulator of β-cell maturation MafA, several MafA downstream targets required for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and genes encoding important components of FGF signaling. Moreover, knocking down PROX1 in human EndoC-βH1 β-cells caused increased expression of many of these same gene products. These and other results in our study indicate that reducing the expression of Prox1 is beneficial for the expansion and maturation of postnatal β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Paul
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Emily M Walker
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN
| | - Yiannis Drosos
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Holly A Cyphert
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN
| | - Geoffrey Neale
- Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Roland Stein
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN
| | - Jack South
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Gerard Grosveld
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Pedro L Herrera
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Beatriz Sosa-Pineda
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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31
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Escobedo N, Proulx ST, Karaman S, Dillard ME, Johnson N, Detmar M, Oliver G. Restoration of lymphatic function rescues obesity in Prox1-haploinsufficient mice. JCI Insight 2016; 1. [PMID: 26973883 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.85096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prox1 heterozygous mice have a defective lymphatic vasculature and develop late-onset obesity. Chyle abnormally leaks from those vessels, accumulates in the surrounding tissues, and causes an increase in adipose tissue. We characterized the lymphatics of Prox1+/- mice to determine whether the extent of obesity correlated with the severity of lymphatic defects. The lymphatic vasculature in Prox1+/- mice exhibited reduced tracer clearance from the ear skin, dysfunctional perfusion of the lower legs, and reduced tracer uptake into the deep lymphatic collectors during mechanostimulation prior to the onset of obesity. Ear lymphatic vessels and leg collectors in Prox1+/- mice were disorganized and irregular, further confirming that defective lymphatic vessels are associated with obesity in Prox1+/- mice. We now provide conclusive in vivo evidence that demonstrates that leaky lymphatics mediate obesity in Prox1+/- mice, as restoration of lymphatic vasculature function was sufficient to rescue the obesity features in Prox1+/- mice. Finally, depth-lipomic profiling of lymph contents showed that free fatty acids induce adipogenesis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Escobedo
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Steven T Proulx
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sinem Karaman
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Miriam E Dillard
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Nicole Johnson
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Michael Detmar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Guillermo Oliver
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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32
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Ionescu-Tîrgovişte C, Gagniuc PA, Guja C. Structural Properties of Gene Promoters Highlight More than Two Phenotypes of Diabetes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137950. [PMID: 26379145 PMCID: PMC4574929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) published in the last decade raised the number of loci associated with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) to more than 50 for each of these diabetes phenotypes. The environmental factors seem to play an important role in the expression of these genes, acting through transcription factors that bind to promoters. Using the available databases we examined the promoters of various genes classically associated with the two main diabetes phenotypes. Our comparative analyses have revealed significant architectural differences between promoters of genes classically associated with T1D and T2D. Nevertheless, five gene promoters (about 16%) belonging to T1D and six gene promoters (over 19%) belonging to T2D have shown some intermediary structural properties, suggesting a direct relationship to either LADA (Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults) phenotype or to non-autoimmune type 1 phenotype. The distribution of these promoters in at least three separate classes seems to indicate specific pathogenic pathways. The image-based patterns (DNA patterns) generated by promoters of genes associated with these three phenotypes support the clinical observation of a smooth link between specific cases of typical T1D and T2D. In addition, a global distribution of these DNA patterns suggests that promoters of genes associated with T1D appear to be evolutionary more conserved than those associated with T2D. Though, the image based patterns obtained by our method might be a new useful parameter for understanding the pathogenetic mechanism and the diabetogenic gene networks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Aurelian Gagniuc
- National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases “N.C. Paulescu”, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Pathology "Victor Babes", Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Genetics, University of Bucharest, Aleea Portocalelor 1–3, Sector 6, Bucharest, Romania
- * E-mail:
| | - Cristian Guja
- National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases “N.C. Paulescu”, Bucharest, Romania
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Kretowski A, Adamska E, Maliszewska K, Wawrusiewicz-Kurylonek N, Citko A, Goscik J, Bauer W, Wilk J, Golonko A, Waszczeniuk M, Lipinska D, Hryniewicka J, Niemira M, Paczkowska M, Ciborowski M, Gorska M. The rs340874 PROX1 type 2 diabetes mellitus risk variant is associated with visceral fat accumulation and alterations in postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism. GENES AND NUTRITION 2015; 10:4. [PMID: 25601634 PMCID: PMC4298567 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-015-0454-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies have recently confirmed that the rs340874 single-nucleotide polymorphism in PROX1 gene is associated with fasting glycemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, the mechanism of this link was not well established. The aim of our study was to evaluate the functional/phenotypic differences related to rs340874 PROX1 variants. The study group comprised 945 subjects of Polish origin (including 634 with BMI > 25) without previously known dysglycemia. We analyzed behavioral patterns (diet, physical activity), body fat distribution and glucose/fat metabolism after standardized meals and during the oral glucose tolerance test. We found that the carriers of the rs340874 PROX1 CC genotype had higher nonesterified fatty acids levels after high-fat meal (p = 0.035) and lower glucose oxidation (p = 0.014) after high-carbohydrate meal in comparison with subjects with other PROX1 genotypes. Moreover, in subjects with CC variant, we found higher accumulation of visceral fat (p < 0.02), but surprisingly lower daily food consumption (p < 0.001). We hypothesize that lipid metabolism alterations in subjects with the PROX1 CC genotype may be a primary cause of higher glucose levels after glucose load, since the fatty acids can inhibit insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by decreasing carbohydrate oxidation. Our observations suggest that the PROX1 variants have pleiotropic effect on disease pathways and it seem to be a very interesting goal of research on prevention of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study may help to understand the mechanisms of visceral obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus risk development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kretowski
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, M.C. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.,Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Edyta Adamska
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Maliszewska
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, M.C. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Natalia Wawrusiewicz-Kurylonek
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, M.C. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Citko
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, M.C. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.,Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Goscik
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Witold Bauer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, M.C. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.,Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Juliusz Wilk
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, M.C. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Golonko
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Waszczeniuk
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, M.C. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.,Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Danuta Lipinska
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, M.C. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Justyna Hryniewicka
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, M.C. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Niemira
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Michal Ciborowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Maria Gorska
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, M.C. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
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34
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Fogarty MP, Cannon ME, Vadlamudi S, Gaulton KJ, Mohlke KL. Identification of a regulatory variant that binds FOXA1 and FOXA2 at the CDC123/CAMK1D type 2 diabetes GWAS locus. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004633. [PMID: 25211022 PMCID: PMC4161327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Many of the type 2 diabetes loci identified through genome-wide association studies localize to non-protein-coding intronic and intergenic regions and likely contain variants that regulate gene transcription. The CDC123/CAMK1D type 2 diabetes association signal on chromosome 10 spans an intergenic region between CDC123 and CAMK1D and also overlaps the CDC123 3'UTR. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the association signal, we used open chromatin, histone modifications and transcription factor ChIP-seq data sets from type 2 diabetes-relevant cell types to identify SNPs overlapping predicted regulatory regions. Two regions containing type 2 diabetes-associated variants were tested for enhancer activity using luciferase reporter assays. One SNP, rs11257655, displayed allelic differences in transcriptional enhancer activity in 832/13 and MIN6 insulinoma cells as well as in human HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The rs11257655 risk allele T showed greater transcriptional activity than the non-risk allele C in all cell types tested. Using electromobility shift and supershift assays we demonstrated that the rs11257655 risk allele showed allele-specific binding to FOXA1 and FOXA2. We validated FOXA1 and FOXA2 enrichment at the rs11257655 risk allele using allele-specific ChIP in human islets. These results suggest that rs11257655 affects transcriptional activity through altered binding of a protein complex that includes FOXA1 and FOXA2, providing a potential molecular mechanism at this GWAS locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie P. Fogarty
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Maren E. Cannon
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Swarooparani Vadlamudi
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kyle J. Gaulton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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Takeda Y, Jetten AM. Prospero-related homeobox 1 (Prox1) functions as a novel modulator of retinoic acid-related orphan receptors α- and γ-mediated transactivation. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 41:6992-7008. [PMID: 23723244 PMCID: PMC3737549 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we identify Prospero-related homeobox 1 (Prox1) as a novel co-repressor of the retinoic acid-related orphan receptors, RORα and RORγ. Prox1 interacts directly with RORγ and RORα and negatively regulates their transcriptional activity. The AF2 domain of RORs is essential for the interaction, whereas Prox1 interacts with RORs through either its 28 amino acids N-terminal region or its C-terminal prospero-like domain. RORγ antagonists stabilize the interaction between RORγ and Prox1. The homeodomain and the interaction through the prospero-like domain of Prox1 are critical for its repression of ROR transcriptional activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that in liver, Prox1 is recruited to the ROR response element sites of the clock genes, brain and muscle Arnt-like protein 1 (Bmal1), neuronal PAS domain protein 2 (Npas2) and cryptochrome 1 (Cry1), as part of the same complex as RORs. Knockdown of Prox1 by siRNAs in human hepatoma Huh-7 cells increased the expression of RORγ and several ROR-target genes, along with increased histone acetylation at these ROR response element sites. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis suggests that Prox1 is a potential ROR target gene in liver, which is supported by the regulation of the rhythmic expression of Prox1 by RORγ. Our data suggest that Prox1 is part of a feedback loop that negatively regulates the transcriptional control of clock and metabolic networks by RORs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukimasa Takeda
- Division of Intramural Research, Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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36
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Abstract
Beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance are inherently complex with their interrelation for triggering the pathogenesis of diabetes also somewhat undefined. Both pathogenic states induce hyperglycemia and therefore increase insulin demand. Beta cell dysfunction results from inadequate glucose sensing to stimulate insulin secretion therefore elevated glucose concentrations prevail. Persistently elevated glucose concentrations above the physiological range result in the manifestation of hyperglycemia. With systemic insulin resistance, insulin signaling within glucose recipient tissues is defective therefore hyperglycemia perseveres. Beta cell dysfunction supersedes insulin resistance in inducing diabetes. Both pathological states influence each other and presumably synergistically exacerbate diabetes. Preserving beta cell function and insulin signaling in beta cells and insulin signaling in the glucose recipient tissues will maintain glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlon E. Cerf
- Diabetes Discovery Platform, South African Medical Research CouncilCape Town, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Marlon E. Cerf, Diabetes Discovery Platform, South African Medical Research Council, PO Box 19070, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa. e-mail:
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